WO2022227347A1 - 带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器 - Google Patents

带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227347A1
WO2022227347A1 PCT/CN2021/113745 CN2021113745W WO2022227347A1 WO 2022227347 A1 WO2022227347 A1 WO 2022227347A1 CN 2021113745 W CN2021113745 W CN 2021113745W WO 2022227347 A1 WO2022227347 A1 WO 2022227347A1
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Prior art keywords
band
resonator
inductive element
stop filter
stop
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PCT/CN2021/113745
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石麒麟
左成杰
何军
Original Assignee
安徽安努奇科技有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202120877444.9U external-priority patent/CN215186667U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110452411.4A external-priority patent/CN113067561A/zh
Application filed by 安徽安努奇科技有限公司 filed Critical 安徽安努奇科技有限公司
Priority to US17/610,515 priority Critical patent/US20220345109A1/en
Priority to JP2022513185A priority patent/JP2023527098A/ja
Publication of WO2022227347A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227347A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
    • H03H9/15—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
    • H03H9/205—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material having multiple resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
    • H03H9/46—Filters
    • H03H9/64—Filters using surface acoustic waves

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, for example, to a band-stop filter and a multi-band stop filter.
  • the band-stop filter is required to filter out the noise spectrum or the spectrum without the transmission signal by passing the transmission signal in a specific frequency range to meet the needs of information transmission.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a band-stop filter and a multi-band stop filter, so as to solve the defect of the large circuit size of the band-stop filter, so that the filter can meet the application requirements of small portable devices, and improve the sensitivity of signals in the stop-band range. Inhibitory effect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a band-stop filter, including at least one band-stop filter unit; the band-stop filter unit includes an input port, an output port, at least two resonators, and at least one inductive element; wherein , the at least two resonators include at least one first resonator and at least one second resonator;
  • the first end of the at least one first resonator is connected between the input port and the inductive element, the second end of the at least one first resonator is connected to the first fixed potential end, the at least one The first end of the second resonator is connected between the output port and the inductive element, and the second end of the at least one second resonator is connected to the second fixed potential end.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-band rejection filter, comprising at least two band rejection filters implementing any one of the first aspect, and the at least two band rejection filters are connected in series; at least two The difference between the resonant frequencies of the band-stop filters is greater than the stop-band bandwidth of one band-stop filter unit in the at least two band-stop filters.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the performance of a single resonator provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic performance diagram of a band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic performance diagram of another band-stop filter shown in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band rejection filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-band rejection filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic performance diagram of another multi-band rejection filter shown in FIG. 7 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the band-stop filter includes at least one band-stop filter unit; the band-stop filter unit includes an input port A, an output port B, at least two resonators and at least one inductive element 110; wherein, at least two resonators
  • the resonator includes at least one first resonator 120 and at least one second resonator 130; the first end of the first resonator 120 is connected between the input port A and the inductive element 110, and the second end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the first resonator 120.
  • a fixed potential terminal is connected, the first terminal of the second resonator 130 is connected between the output port B and the inductive element 110, and the second terminal of the second resonator 130 is connected to the second fixed potential terminal.
  • the input port A is connected to the inductive element 110 , and the inductive element 110 is connected to the output port B.
  • a band-stop filter unit refers to a band-stop filter that can pass most frequency components, but attenuate the frequency components of a certain frequency band to a very low level, so as to prevent the passage of this frequency component.
  • the resonator has a high quality factor and can generate a resonant frequency, and the generated resonant frequency has the characteristics of strong stability and strong anti-interference.
  • the inductive element 110 has the characteristics of low pass-through and high resistance, which can limit the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter, that is, the insertion loss (Insertion Loss) of the transmission signal passing through the operating frequency range of the inductive element 110 is small.
  • the first resonator 120 can be the first acoustic resonator
  • the second resonator 130 can be the second acoustic resonator.
  • the first and second acoustic resonators are respectively connected at both ends of the inductive element 110, so that the The inductive element 110 generates a stop band within the working range, thereby realizing filtering of frequencies within the stop band range.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the performance of a single resonator provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the abscissa is the frequency of the resonator, the unit of frequency is GHz, the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal, and the unit of insertion loss is dB.
  • Curve 200 is the performance curve of a single resonator. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the response of a single resonator to a single resonator itself has filtering characteristics (that is, the resonator will resonate only at the characteristic frequency, the characteristics of the resonator are similar to a band rejection filter, and the signal near the resonance frequency is filtered. is suppressed, and signals far from the resonant frequency can pass).
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic performance diagram of a band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein, in terms of the device structure of the band-stop filter corresponding to FIG. 3 , the band-stop filter corresponding to FIG. 3 includes a band-stop filter unit , the band-stop filter unit includes a first resonator 120 , a second resonator 130 and an inductive element 110 .
  • the abscissa is the frequency of the band-stop filter
  • the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal.
  • Curve 300 is a performance curve of a band-stop filter. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the inductive element 110 can make the band-stop filter have filtering characteristics with low low-frequency insertion loss.
  • the inductive element 110 can make the band-stop filter have filtering characteristics with very low insertion loss in the range of 0-4 GHz.
  • the present application can design the band-stop filtering unit to include at least two resonators based on the filtering characteristics of the resonator to the response of the resonator itself.
  • the first resonator 120 includes at least one resonator, the first end of the first resonator 120 is connected between the input port A and the inductive element 110, and the second end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the first fixed potential end .
  • the second resonator 130 includes at least one resonator having a different resonance frequency characteristic from that of the first resonator 120 .
  • the first end of the second resonator 130 is connected between the output port B and the inductive element 110 .
  • the second end is connected to the second fixed potential end.
  • the overlapping range of the resonance frequencies of the at least one first resonator 120 and the at least one second resonator 130 can be adjusted according to the stopband bandwidth requirement of the bandstop filter, so that the stopband bandwidth of the bandstop filter unit can be improved .
  • the first fixed potential terminal and the second fixed potential terminal may have the same potential, for example, the first fixed potential terminal and the second fixed potential terminal are grounded together.
  • the stop-band frequency range of the single resonator in FIG. 2 is smaller than the stop-band frequency range of the band-stop filter in FIG. 3 .
  • the insertion loss of the single resonator of Fig. 2 is smaller than that of the band-stop filter of Fig. 3. Therefore, by using the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 and connecting the first ends of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 to the two ends of the inductive element 110 respectively, the single resonator resistance can be improved. It has the characteristics of narrow bandwidth and poor signal suppression characteristics in the stopband range.
  • the insertion loss of the single resonator in Fig. 2 for low-frequency signals is larger than that of the band-stop filter in Fig. 3 for low-frequency signals.
  • the operating frequency range limited by the inductive element 110 in FIG. 3 is 0-4GHZ, that is, the inductive element 110 allows frequencies in the range of 0-4GHZ to pass through, and the inductive element 110 blocks frequency bands greater than 4GHZ from passing through.
  • the first resonator 120 can be the first acoustic resonator
  • the second resonator 130 can be the second acoustic resonator
  • the two ends of the inductive element 110 are respectively connected to the first acoustic resonator and the second acoustic resonator, so that the inductive element 110 generates a stop band within the operating range, and the first acoustic wave resonator and the second acoustic wave resonator filter frequencies within the stop band range.
  • the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 need to be set within the operating frequency range of the inductive element 110 .
  • the band-stop filter unit of the present application based on at least two resonators and at least one inductive element 110 can not only design an appropriate stop-band bandwidth within the working range of the inductive element 110 according to the resonant frequency of the resonator, but also reduce
  • the circuit size of the small band-stop filter improves the suppression effect on signals within the stop-band range, and reduces the loss of the transmission signal within the operating frequency range of the inductive element 110 and outside the stop-band range.
  • the band-stop filter unit includes a first resonator 120, a second resonator 130 and an inductive element 110; the first end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the input port A and the inductive element 110, the second end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the first fixed potential end, the first end of the second resonator 130 is connected between the output port B and the second end of the inductive element 110, The second end of the second resonator 130 is connected to the second fixed potential end.
  • the band-stop filtering unit includes a first resonator 120 , a second resonator 130 and an inductive element 110 .
  • the first end of the first resonator 120 is connected between the input port A and the first end of the inductive element 110, that is, the first end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the input port A, that is, the input port A serves as a band stop
  • the first end of the second resonator 130 is connected between the output port B and the second end of the inductive element 110, that is, the first end of the second resonator 130 is connected to the output port B, that is
  • the output port B is used as the output port of the band-stop filtering unit.
  • the second end of the first resonator 120 is connected to the first fixed potential end, and the second end of the second resonator 130 is connected to the second fixed potential end.
  • the potentials of the first fixed potential terminal and the second fixed point potential terminal may be equal, for example, may be grounded at the same time.
  • an inductive element 110 included in the band-stop filtering unit can limit the working frequency range of the band-stop filtering unit.
  • the first resonator 120 can be the first acoustic resonator
  • the second resonator 130 can be the second acoustic resonator.
  • the first and second acoustic resonators are respectively connected at both ends of the inductive element 110, so that the The inductive element 110 generates a stop band within the working range, thereby realizing filtering of frequencies within the stop band range.
  • the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 included in the band-stop filter unit have different resonant frequencies, and the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 can be adjusted according to the stop-band bandwidth requirement of the band-stop filter Overlap range, so that the stop-band bandwidth of the band-stop filter unit can be increased.
  • the overlapping range of the resonance frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 needs to be set within the operating frequency range of the inductive element 110 .
  • a band-stop filter with a ⁇ -type circuit structure is formed, and the resonant frequency characteristics of the resonators are fully utilized.
  • a suitable stop band is designed within the working range of the inductive element 110 to form a band stop filter with good filtering characteristics, which can improve the narrow filtering bandwidth of a single resonator and the poor signal suppression characteristics in the stop band range.
  • the input signal is rapidly attenuated within the stopband frequency range, the suppression effect on the signal within the stopband range is improved, and the loss of the transmission signal within the operating frequency range of the inductive element 110 and outside the stopband range is reduced.
  • the difference between the resonant frequency of the first resonator 120 and the resonant frequency of the second resonator 130 is greater than zero and less than or equal to the stopband bandwidth of the second resonator 130 or the first resonator 120 .
  • the band-stop filtering unit can select the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 whose resonant frequencies are close but not equal, and the difference between the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 needs to be greater than zero and less than or It is equal to the stopband bandwidth of the second resonator 130 or the first resonator 120 . Therefore, the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 can be partially overlapped.
  • the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 When the resonant frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 partially overlap, the first resonator 120 The resonant frequency of the second resonator 130 and the resonant frequency of the second resonator 130 are combined, so that the stopband bandwidth of the wideband stop filter unit can be increased.
  • the maximum operating frequency of the inductive element 110 is greater than the stopband frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 .
  • the inductive element 110 has the characteristics of passing low frequency and blocking high frequency.
  • the conduction frequency band and the suppression frequency band of the inductive element 110 with different properties are different. That is, the inductive element 110 can limit the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter.
  • the operating frequency range limited by the inductive element 110 is 0-4GHZ, that is, the inductive element 110 allows frequencies in the range of 0-4GHZ to pass through, and the inductive element 110 blocks the passage of frequency bands greater than 4GHZ.
  • the stopband frequency range of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 needs to be set within the working range that the inductive element 110 allows the frequency to pass through, so as to ensure that a certain frequency band is filtered out within the pass frequency range of the inductive element 110, Furthermore, the band-stop filter unit is to realize the function of passing most frequencies and only suppressing the passing of frequencies in a certain frequency band.
  • the maximum operating frequency of the inductive element 110 is the maximum passable frequency value of the inductive element 110 , and it is only necessary to set the maximum operating frequency of the inductive element 110 to be greater than the stopband frequencies of the first resonator 120 and the second resonator 130 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another band-stop filter provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the band-stop filter includes at least two band-stop filter units; The frequency difference is greater than zero and less than or equal to the stopband bandwidth of any one of the two bandstop filtering units.
  • the band-stop filter 100 includes two band-stop filtering units.
  • the band-stop filter 100 includes two first resonators 120 , two second resonators 130 and two inductive elements 110 .
  • the first end of one of the two first resonators 120 is connected between the input port A and the first end of one of the two inductive elements 110, and the first end of the one first resonator 120 The second end is connected to the first fixed potential end.
  • the first ends of one second resonator 130 of the two second resonators 130 and the other first resonator 120 of the two first resonators 120 are simultaneously connected between the two inductive elements 110, and one second The second end of the resonator 130 is connected to the second fixed potential end, and the second end of the other first resonator 120 is connected to the first fixed potential end.
  • the first end of the other second resonator 130 of the two second resonators 130 is connected between the output port B and the other inductive element 110 of the two inductive elements 110 , and the second end of the other second resonator 130
  • the terminal is connected to the second fixed potential terminal.
  • two band-stop filter units whose resonant frequencies are close but not equal can be selected, and the difference between the resonant frequencies of the two band-stop filter units is greater than zero and less than or equal to the difference of any one of the two band-stop filter units. stopband bandwidth. Therefore, the overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the two band-stop filter units can be adjusted according to the stop-band bandwidth requirement of the band-stop filter 100, and the two band-stop filter units are connected in series to make the two band-stop filter units The resonant frequencies of the band-stop filter 100 are combined together, so that the stop-band bandwidth of the band-stop filter 100 can be increased.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the performance of another band-stop filter shown in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the abscissa is the frequency of the band-stop filter
  • the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal.
  • Curve 400 is a performance curve of the band-stop filter shown in FIG. 4 . Comparing Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the stop-band frequency range of the band-stop filter of Fig. 3 is smaller than that of the band-stop filter of Fig. 5.
  • the two inductive elements included in the band-stop filter unit can limit the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter unit. Continuing to compare Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter in Fig.
  • the resonant frequency overlapping range of one of the two first resonators 120 and one second resonator 130 of the two second resonators 130 needs to be set between the two inductances.
  • the stacking range needs to be set within the operating frequency range of the other inductive element 110 in the two inductive elements 110; the operating range of the band-stop filter 100 is that the operating frequencies of the two inductive elements 110 are combined together, so that the band-stop filtering can be improved. the operating frequency range of the device 100.
  • the stopband bandwidth range of the band-stop filter is set according to the bandwidth of the input signal to be suppressed.
  • the band-stop filter can be adjusted by adjusting the number of band-stop filter units. to adjust the notch bandwidth.
  • the inductive element includes an inductive element; the first end of the inductive element serves as the first end of the inductive element, and the second end of the inductive element serves as the second end of the inductive element.
  • the inductance components are composed of chip inductance components based on low temperature co-fired ceramics (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic, LTCC) and surface mount device technology to form a notch filter, which can reduce the size of the band-stop filter and meet the needs of handheld Requirements for mobile application devices.
  • the first end of the inductive element serves as the first end of the inductive element, that is, it is connected to the first end of the first resonator and the input port.
  • the second end of the inductive element serves as the second end of the inductive element, that is, it is connected to the first end of the second resonator and the output port.
  • the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter can be limited according to the characteristics of the inductive element with low pass-through and high resistance.
  • the first resonator and the second resonator include one or more of a surface acoustic wave resonator, a bulk acoustic wave resonator, and a thin film cavity acoustic resonator.
  • the surface acoustic wave resonator mainly uses the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric materials, and uses the input and output transducers to convert the input signal of the radio wave into mechanical energy. After processing, the mechanical energy is converted into To achieve the effect of filtering unnecessary signals and noises, and improving the quality of reception.
  • SAW resonators are simpler to install and smaller than traditional LC filters. Acoustic waves in bulk acoustic wave resonators propagate in a vertical manner, and by storing the acoustic wave energy in piezoelectric materials, very high quality can be achieved, thereby converting into highly competitive devices with high out-of-band attenuation.
  • FBAR Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator
  • SAW resonators are suitable for lower frequencies, such as up to 2.7GHz, while bulk acoustic wave resonators and thin-film cavity acoustic resonators are suitable for higher frequencies, such as 2.7GHz-6GHz.
  • the band-stop filter includes at least one band-stop filter unit.
  • the band-stop filtering unit includes at least one first resonator, at least one inductive element and at least one second resonator with different resonance frequency characteristics.
  • the operating frequency range of the band-stop filter can be limited, that is, the insertion loss of the transmission signal passing through the operating frequency range of the inductive element is small.
  • the first acoustic wave resonator and the second acoustic wave resonator are respectively connected at both ends of the inductive element, so that the inductive element can generate a stop band within the working range, thereby realizing the filtering of frequencies within the stop band range.
  • the at least one first resonator and the at least one second resonator can adjust the overlapping range of the resonant frequencies of the at least one first resonator and the at least one second resonator according to the requirement of the stopband bandwidth of the band-stop filtering unit, thereby The stopband bandwidth of the bandstop filter unit can be increased.
  • the resonant frequency of the resonator be Designing a suitable stop-band bandwidth within the working range of the inductive element can also reduce the circuit size of the band-stop filter, improve the suppression effect on the signal in the stop-band range, and reduce the operating frequency of the inductive element and the stop-band range. loss of external transmission signals.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band rejection filter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the multi-band rejection filter includes a band rejection filter 100 implementing any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the multi-band rejection filter includes at least two At least two band-stop filters 100 are connected in series; the difference between the resonance frequencies of the at least two band-stop filters 100 is greater than the resistance of any one band-stop filter unit in the at least two band-stop filters 100 Bandwidth.
  • At least two band-stop filters 100 with a large difference in resonant frequency can be selected, and the difference between the resonant frequencies of the at least two band-stop filters 100 is greater than that of one band-stop filter unit in the at least two band-stop filters 100. stopband bandwidth. Thus, it can be ensured that each stopband frequency band does not overlap with each other.
  • signals of at least two different frequency bands can be filtered out according to the filtering requirements of the multi-band rejection filter.
  • Each band-stop filter 100 correspondingly filters out a signal of a certain frequency.
  • the multi-band rejection filter includes the band rejection filter provided by any embodiment of the present application, and the multi-band rejection filter has the beneficial effects of the band rejection filter provided by the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
  • the number of band-stop filtering units in different band-stop filters may be the same or different.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-band rejection filter provided by an embodiment of the application; wherein the multi-band rejection filter is formed by connecting two band rejection filters 100 including a single band rejection filter unit in series. , the resonant frequencies of the four resonators included in the multiband rejection filter are different, and the maximum operating frequencies of the two inductive elements 110 are different.
  • 8 is a schematic performance diagram of another multi-band rejection filter shown in FIG. 7 provided by an embodiment of the present application; wherein, the abscissa is the frequency of the multi-band rejection filter, the ordinate is the insertion loss of the signal, and the curve 500 is The performance curve of the multi-band rejection filter shown in Figure 7 can be obtained from Figure 8.
  • the multi-band rejection filter has two rejection frequencies.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器。带阻滤波器包括至少一个带阻滤波单元；带阻滤波单元包括输入端口、输出端口、至少两个谐振器和至少一个感性元件；第一谐振器的第一端连接在输入端口和感性元件之间，第二谐振器的第一端连接在输出端口和感性元件之间。

Description

带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器
本公开要求在2021年04月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110452411.4的中国专利申请的优先权，同时要求在2021年04月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202120877444.9的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，例如涉及一种带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，对频谱利用率的要求越来越高，进而信息传输的过程中不同信息之间的传输频段间距越来越小。因此要求带阻滤波器通过特定频率范围内的传输信号，将噪音频谱或没有传输信号的频谱滤除，以满足信息传输的需求。
设计人员通常采用电容与电感等集总元件形成带阻滤波器或者采用微带线电路形成带阻滤波器，但是这两种带阻滤波器的电路设计尺寸过大不能满足小型便携设备的应用要求。此外，电容与电感等集总元件形成的带阻滤波器或者微带线电路形成的带阻滤波器的品质因数较低，对阻带范围内的频谱抑制效果差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器，以解决带阻滤波器电路尺寸大的缺陷，使滤波器可以满足小型便携设备的应用需求，提升对阻带范围内信号的抑制效果。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种带阻滤波器，包括至少一个带阻滤波单元；所述带阻滤波单元包括输入端口、输出端口、至少两个谐振器和至少一个感性元件；其中，所述至少两个谐振器包括至少一个第一谐振器和至少一个第二谐振器；
所述至少一个第一谐振器的第一端连接在所述输入端口和所述感性元件之间，所述至少一个第一谐振器的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，所述至少一个第二谐振器的第一端连接在所述输出端口和所述感性元件之间，所述至少一个 第二谐振器的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种多频带阻滤波器，包括至少两个实现如第一方面中任一项的带阻滤波器，至少两个带阻滤波器串联连接；至少两个带阻滤波器的谐振频率之差大于至少两个带阻滤波器中的一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
附图说明
为了说明本申请实施例或相关技术，下面将对本申请实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍。下面描述中的附图虽然是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以根据本申请的多种实施例所揭示和提示的器件结构，拓展和延伸到其它的结构和附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种带阻滤波器的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种单一谐振器的性能示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种带阻滤波器的性能示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种带阻滤波器的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的图4所示的另一种带阻滤波器的性能示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种多频带阻滤波器的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种多频带阻滤波器的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的图7所示的另一种多频带阻滤波器的性能示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例进行清楚、完整地描述。所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种带阻滤波器的结构示意图，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种带阻滤波器的结构示意图。如图1所示，该带阻滤波器包括至少一个带阻滤波单元；带阻滤波单元包括输入端口A、输出端口B、至少两个谐振器和至少一个感性元件110；其中，至少两个谐振器包括至少一个第一谐振器120和至少一个第二谐振器130；第一谐振器120的第一端连接在输入端口A和感性元件110之间，第一谐振器120的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，第二谐振 器130的第一端连接在输出端口B和感性元件110之间，第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。
输入端口A与感性元件110连接，感性元件110与输出端口B连接。
例如，带阻滤波单元是指能通过大多数频率分量，但将某一频率段的频率分量衰减到极低水平，达到阻碍此段频率分量通过的带阻滤波器。其中，谐振器品质因数高，可以产生谐振频率，并且产生的谐振频率具有稳定性强，抗干扰性强的特点。感性元件110具有通低阻高的特性，可以限制带阻滤波器的工作频率范围，也就是感性元件110的工作频率范围内通过的传输信号的插入损耗(Insertion Loss)小。第一谐振器120可为第一声波谐振器，第二谐振器130可为第二声波谐振器，在感性元件110两端分别连接第一声波谐振器和第二声波谐振器，可以使感性元件110在工作范围内产生阻带，进而实现对阻带范围内的频率进行滤波。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种单一谐振器的性能示意图，其中，横坐标为谐振器的频率，频率的单位为GHz，纵坐标为信号的插入损耗，插入损耗的单位为dB。曲线200为单一谐振器的性能曲线。由图2可得，单一谐振器对单一谐振器本身的响应就有滤波特性(即，谐振器只有在特性频率才会谐振,谐振器的特性类似一个带拒滤波器,谐振频率附近的信号被抑制掉,远离谐振频率的信号可通过)。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种带阻滤波器的性能示意图，其中，就图3对应的带阻滤波器的器件结构而言，图3对应的带阻滤波器包括一个带阻滤波单元，该带阻滤波单元包括一个第一谐振器120，一个第二谐振器130以及一个感性元件110。如图3所示，横坐标为带阻滤波器的频率，纵坐标为信号的插入损耗。曲线300为带阻滤波器的性能曲线。由图3可知，感性元件110可以使得带阻滤波器具有低频插入损耗很低的滤波特性。例如，如图3所示，感性元件110可以使得带阻滤波器在0-4GHz内具有插入损耗很低的滤波特性。在此基础上，本申请基于谐振器对谐振器本身响应具有的滤波特性，可设计带阻滤波单元包括至少两个谐振器。其中，第一谐振器120至少包括一个谐振器，第一谐振器120的第一端连接在输入端口A和感性元件110之间，第一谐振器120的第二端与第一固定电位端连接。第二谐振器130至少包括一个具有与第一谐振器120不同谐振频率特性的谐振器，第二谐振器130的第一端连接在输出端口B和感性元件110之间，第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。其中，可以根据带阻滤波器的阻带频宽需求调节至少一个第一谐振器120和至 少一个第二谐振器130的谐振频率的交叠范围，从而可以提高带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。第一固定电位端可以和第二固定电位端电位相等，例如第一固定电位端和第二固定电位端共同接地。
对比图2和图3，图2中单一谐振器的阻带频率范围小于图3中带阻滤波器的阻带频率范围。图2单一谐振器的插入损耗小于图3带阻滤波器的插入损耗。由此，通过采用第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130，并且将第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的第一端分别连接在感性元件110的两端，可以改善单一谐振器阻带频宽窄以及对阻带范围内的信号抑制特性差的特点。
继续对比图2和图3，图2单一谐振器对于低频信号产生的插入损耗比图3带阻滤波器对于低频信号产生的插入损耗大。图3中感性元件110限制的工作频率范围为0-4GHZ，也就是感性元件110允许0-4GHZ范围内的频率通过，感性元件110会阻碍大于4GHZ的频段通过。第一谐振器120可为第一声波谐振器，第二谐振器130可为第二声波谐振器，感性元件110两端分别连接第一声波谐振器和第二声波谐振器，使感性元件110在工作范围内产生阻带，第一声波谐振器和第二声波谐振器对阻带范围内的频率进行滤波。这里需要注意的是，第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率需要设置在感性元件110的工作频率范围内。综上，本申请基于至少两个谐振器和至少一个感性元件110构成的带阻滤波单元不仅可以根据谐振器的谐振频率在感性元件110的工作范围内设计适宜的阻带频宽，还可以减小带阻滤波器的电路尺寸，提升对阻带范围内信号的抑制效果，减小对感性元件110工作频率范围内且阻带范围外的传输信号的损耗。
示例性的，继续参考图1，带阻滤波单元包括一个第一谐振器120、一个第二谐振器130和一个感性元件110；第一谐振器120的第一端连接在输入端口A和感性元件110的第一端之间，第一谐振器120的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，第二谐振器130的第一端连接在输出端口B和感性元件110的第二端之间，第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。
例如，带阻滤波单元包括一个第一谐振器120、一个第二谐振器130和一个感性元件110。第一谐振器120的第一端连接在输入端口A和感性元件110的第一端之间，也就是第一谐振器120的第一端与输入端口A连接，也就是输入端口A作为带阻滤波单元的输入端口；第二谐振器130的第一端连接在输出端口B和感性元件110的第二端之间，也就是第二谐振器130的第一端与输出端口B连接，也就是输出端口B作为带阻滤波单元的输出端口。第一谐振器120 的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。第一固定电位端和第二固定点电位端的电位可以相等，例如可以是同时接地。其中，带阻滤波单元包括的一个感性元件110，可以限制带阻滤波单元的工作频率范围。第一谐振器120可为第一声波谐振器，第二谐振器130可为第二声波谐振器，在感性元件110两端分别连接第一声波谐振器和第二声波谐振器，可以使感性元件110在工作范围内产生阻带，进而实现对阻带范围内的频率进行滤波。带阻滤波单元包括的第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130具有不同的谐振频率，可以根据带阻滤波器的阻带频宽需求调节第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率交叠范围，从而可以提高带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。需要注意的是，第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率交叠范围需要设置在感性元件110的工作频率范围内。综上，通过将第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的第一端分别连接在感性元件110的两端，组成π型电路结构的带阻滤波器，充分利用了谐振器的谐振频率特性在感性元件110的工作范围内设计适宜的阻带，构成了具有良好滤波特性的带阻滤波器，可以改善单一谐振器滤波频宽窄以及对阻带范围内的信号抑制特性差的特点，实现在阻带频率段内迅速衰减输入信号，提高对阻带范围内信号的抑制效果，减小对感性元件110工作频率范围内且阻带范围外的传输信号的损耗。
在一实施例中，第一谐振器120的谐振频率与第二谐振器130的谐振频率之差大于零且小于或等于第二谐振器130或第一谐振器120的阻带频宽。
其中，带阻滤波单元可选取谐振频率接近但不相等的第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130，并且第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率之差需要大于零且小于或等于第二谐振器130或第一谐振器120的阻带频宽。由此，可以使第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率产生部分交叠，当第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率部分发生交叠，则第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的谐振频率会并在一起，从而可以加宽带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
在一实施例中，感性元件110的最大工作频率大于第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的阻带频率。
例如，感性元件110具有通低频阻高频的特性，不同属性的感性元件110的导通频段和抑制频段不同，需要根据带阻滤波器的工作频率范围选取适宜属性的感性元件。也就是感性元件110可以限制带阻滤波器的工作频率范围。继续参考图3，由图3可知，感性元件110限制的工作频率范围为0-4GHZ，也就是感性元件110允许0-4GHZ范围内的频率通过，感性元件110会阻碍大于4GHZ 的频段通过。由此，第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的阻带频率范围需要设置在感性元件110允许频率通过的工作范围内，保证在感性元件110的通频范围内筛除某一频率段，进而实现带阻滤波单元是实现通过大多数频率，只抑制某一频率段的频率通过的功能。感性元件110的最大工作频率是感性元件110最大可通过频率值，进而只需设置感性元件110的最大工作频率大于第一谐振器120和第二谐振器130的阻带频率即可。
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种带阻滤波器的结构示意图，如图4所示，带阻滤波器包括至少两个带阻滤波单元；相邻的两个带阻滤波单元的谐振频率之差大于零且小于或等于两个带阻滤波单元中的任意一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
示例性的，带阻滤波器100包括两个带阻滤波单元。其中，带阻滤波器100包括两个第一谐振器120、两个第二谐振器130和两个感性元件110。两个第一谐振器120中的一个第一谐振器120的第一端连接在输入端口A和两个感性元件110中的一个感性元件110的第一端之间，一个第一谐振器120的第二端与第一固定电位端连接。两个第二谐振器130中的一个第二谐振器130和两个第一谐振器120中的另一个第一谐振器120的第一端同时连接在两个感性元件110之间，一个第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接，另一个第一谐振器120的第二端与第一固定电位端连接。两个第二谐振器130的另一个第二谐振器130的第一端连接在输出端口B和两个感性元件110中的另一个感性元件110之间，另一个第二谐振器130的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。其中，可选取谐振频率接近但不相等的两个带阻滤波单元，并且两个带阻滤波单元的谐振频率之差大于零且小于或等于两个带阻滤波单元的任一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。由此，可以根据带阻滤波器100的阻带频宽需求调节两个带阻滤波单元的谐振频率的交叠范围，并将两个带阻滤波单元通过串联连接，使两个带阻滤波单元的谐振频率并在一起，从而可以提高带阻滤波器100的阻带频宽。
示例性地，图5为本申请实施例提供的图4所示的另一种带阻滤波器的性能示意图。如图5所示，横坐标为带阻滤波器的频率，纵坐标为信号的插入损耗。曲线400为图4所示的带阻滤波器的性能曲线。对比图3和图5，图3带阻滤波器的阻带频率范围小于图5带阻滤波器的阻带频率范围。此外，带阻滤波单元包括的两个感性元件，可以限制带阻滤波单元的工作频率范围，继续对比图3和图5，图3带阻滤波器的工作频率范围小于图5带阻滤波器的工作频率范围。需要注意的是，图4中两个第一谐振器120中的一个第一谐振器120和两 个第二谐振器130的一个第二谐振器130的谐振频率交叠范围需要设置在两个感性元件110中的一个感性元件110的工作频率范围内；两个第一谐振器120中的另一个第一谐振器120和两个第二谐振器130的另一个第二谐振器130的谐振频率交叠范围需要设置在两个感性元件110中的另一个感性元件110的工作频率范围内；带阻滤波器100的工作范围为两个感性元件110的工作频率并在一起，从而可以提高带阻滤波器100的工作频率范围。
在一实施例中，带阻滤波器的阻带频宽范围是根据输入信号需要抑制的频宽来进行设定的，在其他实施例中，带阻滤波器可通过调节带阻滤波单元个数来调节陷波频宽。
在一实施例中，感性元件包括电感元件；电感元件的第一端作为感性元件的第一端，电感元件的第二端作为感性元件的第二端。
其中，电感元件采用基于低温共烧陶瓷(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic，LTCC)和表面贴装器件技术制造的贴片电感元件组成陷波滤波器，可以减小带阻滤波器尺寸，满足手持式移动应用设备的需求。电感元件的第一端作为感性元件的第一端，即与第一谐振器的第一端和输入端口连接。电感元件的第二端作为感性元件的第二端，即与第二谐振器的第一端和输出端口连接。根据电感元件通低阻高的特性，可以限制带阻滤波器的工作频率范围。
在一实施例中，第一谐振器、第二谐振器包括声表面波谐振器、体声波谐振器和薄膜腔声谐振器中的一种或多种。
其中，声表面波谐振器(surface acoustic wave，SAW)主要是利用压电材料的压电特性，利用输入与输出换能器将电波的输入讯号转换成机械能，经过处理后，再把机械能转换成电的讯号，以达到过滤不必要的讯号及杂讯，提升收讯品质的效果。声表面波谐振器，比传统的LC滤波器安装更简单、体积更小。体声波谐振器中的声波以垂直方式传播，通过将声波能量存储在压电材料中，可以实现非常高的品质，从而转换成带外衰减大且极具竞争性的器件。薄膜体声波谐振器(Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator，FBAR)，具有较高Q值和易实现微型化等特点。声表面波谐振器、体声波谐振器和薄膜腔声谐振器均具有体积小、成本低且Q因子高的特点，并且能够满足高度特定和高性能的滤波要求。声表面波谐振器适用于较低频率，例如最高2.7GHz，体声波谐振器和薄膜腔声谐振器则适用于较高频率，例如2.7GHz-6GHz。
本申请实施例，带阻滤波器包括至少一个带阻滤波单元。其中，带阻滤波 单元包括具有不同谐振频率特性的至少一个第一谐振器、至少一个感性元件和至少一个第二谐振器。根据感性元件通低阻高的特性，可以限制带阻滤波器的工作频率范围，也就是在感性元件的工作频率范围内通过的传输信号的插入损耗小。在感性元件两端分别连接第一声波谐振器和第二声波谐振器，可以使感性元件在工作范围内产生阻带，进而实现对阻带范围内的频率进行滤波。另外，至少一个第一谐振器和至少一个第二谐振器可以根据带阻滤波单元阻带频宽的需求调节至少一个第一谐振器和至少一个第二谐振器的谐振频率的交叠范围，从而可以提高带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。综上，本申请通过采用第一谐振器和第二谐振器，并且将第一谐振器和第二谐振器的第一端分别连接在感性元件的两端，不仅可以根据谐振器的谐振频率在感性元件的工作范围内设计适宜的阻带频宽，还可以减小带阻滤波器的电路尺寸，提升对阻带范围内信号的抑制效果，减小对感性元件工作频率范围内且阻带范围外的传输信号的损耗。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种多频带阻滤波器的结构示意图，如图6所示，包括实现上述实施例中任一项的带阻滤波器100，多频带阻滤波器包括至少两个带阻滤波器100，至少两个带阻滤波器100串联连接；至少两个带阻滤波器100的谐振频率之差大于至少两个带阻滤波器100中的任意一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
其中，可选取至少两个谐振频率相差较大的带阻滤波器100，并且至少两个带阻滤波器100的谐振频率之差大于至少两个带阻滤波器100中的一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。由此，可以保证每个阻带频段都是互不交叠的。将至少两个带阻滤波器100串联连接，可以根据多频带阻滤波器的滤波要求将至少两个不同频段的信号滤除。每一带阻滤波器100对应滤除一段频率的信号。
多频带阻滤波器包括本申请任意实施例提供的带阻滤波器，多频带阻滤波器具有本申请实施例提供的带阻滤波器的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
在一实施例中，至少两个带阻滤波器中，不同的带阻滤波器中的带阻滤波单元的数量可相同或不同。
示例性的，图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种多频带阻滤波器的结构示意图；其中多频带阻滤波器是由两个包括单个带阻滤波单元的带阻滤波器100串联连接构成，多频带阻滤波器包括的四个谐振器的谐振频率不同，两个感性元件110的最大工作频率不同。图8为本申请实施例提供的图7所示的另一种多频带阻滤波器的性能示意图；其中，横坐标为多频带阻滤波器的频率，纵坐标 为信号的插入损耗，曲线500为图7所示的多频带阻滤波器的性能曲线，由图8可得，多频带阻滤波器有两个阻带频率。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请，而非对本申请进行限制；参照前述实施例对本申请进行了说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：可以对前述多个实施例进行修改，或者对实施例中的部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应内容脱离本申请实施例的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种带阻滤波器，包括至少一个带阻滤波单元；所述带阻滤波单元包括输入端口(A)、输出端口(B)、至少两个谐振器和至少一个感性元件(110)；其中，所述至少两个谐振器包括至少一个第一谐振器(120)和至少一个第二谐振器(130)；
    所述至少一个第一谐振器(120)的第一端连接在所述输入端口(A)和所述感性元件(110)之间，所述至少一个第一谐振器(120)的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，所述至少一个第二谐振器(130)的第一端连接在所述输出端口(B)和所述感性元件(110)之间，所述至少一个第二谐振器(130)的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述带阻滤波单元包括一个所述第一谐振器(120)、一个所述第二谐振器(130)和一个所述感性元件(110)；
    所述第一谐振器(120)的第一端连接在所述输入端口(A)和所述感性元件(110)的第一端之间，所述第一谐振器(120)的第二端与第一固定电位端连接，所述第二谐振器(130)的第一端连接在所述输出端口(B)和所述感性元件(110)的第二端之间，所述第二谐振器(130)的第二端与第二固定电位端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述第一谐振器(120)的谐振频率与所述第二谐振器(130)的谐振频率之差大于零且小于或等于所述第二谐振器(130)或第一谐振器(120)的阻带频宽。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述感性元件(110)的最大工作频率大于所述第一谐振器(120)和所述第二谐振器(130)的阻带频率。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述带阻滤波器包括至少两个所述带阻滤波单元；相邻的两个带阻滤波单元的谐振频率之差大于零且小于或等于所述相邻的两个带阻滤波单元中的任意一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述感性元件(110)包括电感元件；
    所述电感元件的第一端作为所述感性元件(110)的第一端，所述电感元件的第二端作为所述感性元件(110)的第二端。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的带阻滤波器，其中，所述第一谐振器(120)、所述第二谐振器(130)分别包括声表面波谐振器、体声波谐振器和薄膜腔声谐振器中的至少一种。
  8. 一种多频带阻滤波器，包括至少两个如权利要求1-7任一项所述的带阻 滤波器，所述至少两个带阻滤波器串联连接；所述至少两个带阻滤波器的谐振频率之差大于所述至少两个带阻滤波器中的一个带阻滤波单元的阻带频宽。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的多频带阻滤波器，其中，所述至少两个带阻滤波器中不同带阻滤波器中的带阻滤波单元的数量，是相同或不同。
PCT/CN2021/113745 2021-04-26 2021-08-20 带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器 WO2022227347A1 (zh)

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WO2007015331A1 (ja) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 弾性波フィルタ装置
CN102077465A (zh) * 2008-06-30 2011-05-25 株式会社村田制作所 带阻滤波器
US20130147678A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2013-06-13 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. High-frequency module and communication device
CN113067561A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-02 安徽安努奇科技有限公司 带阻滤波器与多频带阻滤波器

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WO2007015331A1 (ja) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 弾性波フィルタ装置
CN102077465A (zh) * 2008-06-30 2011-05-25 株式会社村田制作所 带阻滤波器
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