WO2022222621A1 - 一种基于光通信的设备控制系统、方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种基于光通信的设备控制系统、方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222621A1
WO2022222621A1 PCT/CN2022/079431 CN2022079431W WO2022222621A1 WO 2022222621 A1 WO2022222621 A1 WO 2022222621A1 CN 2022079431 W CN2022079431 W CN 2022079431W WO 2022222621 A1 WO2022222621 A1 WO 2022222621A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
data unit
identifier
master station
terminal
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PCT/CN2022/079431
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑刚
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22790730.0A priority Critical patent/EP4311258A1/en
Publication of WO2022222621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222621A1/zh
Priority to US18/489,489 priority patent/US20240048877A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0066—Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064—Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/009—Topology aspects
    • H04Q2011/0096—Tree

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of device control and optical communication, and more particularly, to a system, method and apparatus for device control using optical communication.
  • the current field bus is usually at the millisecond level, and the bus bandwidth is usually at the 100M level, which cannot meet the microsecond or even lower delay requirements of future industrial manufacturing, nor can it meet the needs of large-bandwidth networks in business scenarios such as machine vision and motion control. 's demands. Therefore, a new type of fieldbus technology with ultra-large bandwidth and ultra-low latency is urgently needed.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a device control system, method and apparatus based on optical communication, and the technical solutions are as follows.
  • the present application provides a device control system based on optical communication, and a device supporting optical communication is introduced into the traditional device control system.
  • the system includes a first controller, a first optical head end, a first optical terminal and a first field device, the first controller communicates with the first field device through the first optical head end, and the first field device communicates with the first field device through the first optical terminal In communication with the first controller, the first optical head end and the first optical terminal communicate through optical signals.
  • the first controller and the first field device can communicate through optical signals.
  • optical communication has the characteristics of high bandwidth and low delay
  • the first controller and the first The communication delay between the field devices can be greatly reduced, and the communication between the first controller and the first field device can also meet business requirements with high bandwidth requirements, such as machine vision and motion control.
  • the system will be introduced through the method executed by each device in the specific business process.
  • the first optical head end obtains the first master station message generated by the first controller, the first master station message includes the first master station data unit, and the first master station data unit includes the destination identifier and the first service data , the destination identifier contained in the first master station data unit is the identifier of the first field device; the first optical head, based on the first master station data unit, constructs the first downlink transmission frame, and sends the first downlink transmission frame through an optical signal.
  • Line transmission frame, the first downlink transmission frame includes the first master station data unit and the header field corresponding to the first master station data unit, and the header field corresponding to the first master station data unit includes the identification of the first optical terminal or the broadcast light.
  • the first optical terminal after receiving the first downlink transmission frame, determines the first master station data unit according to the first optical terminal identifier or the broadcast optical terminal identifier contained in the header field corresponding to the first master station data unit Whether it is a data unit that needs to be processed; if the first master station data unit is a data unit that needs to be processed, the first optical terminal, according to the identifier of the first field device contained in the first master station data unit, determines the first The destination receiver of a master station data unit is the first field device, and sends the first service data to the first field device, or operates or controls the first field device according to the first service data.
  • the broadcast optical terminal identifier is a special optical terminal identifier, and its value is different from the identifier of any optical terminal to identify the broadcast signal. If the header field corresponding to a master station data unit contains broadcast If the optical terminal identifier is used, the destination receiver of the data unit of the master station is all optical terminals. When the header field corresponding to the first master station data unit includes the broadcast optical terminal identifier, the first optical terminal is further configured to determine the first master station data according to the destination identifier included in the first master station data unit The unit is the data unit to be processed.
  • the first optical terminal obtains the service data of the first field device, and encapsulates the service data of the first field device into the first uplink transmission subframe, and the first uplink transmission subframe includes the header field and the first slave station data unit, the header field of the first uplink transmission subframe includes the identification of the first optical terminal, the first slave station data unit includes the service data and the source identification of the first field device, and the source identification of the first slave station data unit is the first scene
  • the identifier of the device is used to identify the sender of the first slave data unit; the first optical terminal sends the first uplink transmission subframe through an optical signal; the first optical head end receives the first uplink transmission frame, and the first uplink transmission frame includes The first uplink transmission subframe.
  • the optical communication-based device control system may include multiple field devices, and the first controller may control the multiple field devices through the first optical head.
  • the system further includes a second optical terminal and a second field equipment.
  • the first controller communicates with the second field device through the first optical head
  • the second field device communicates with the first controller through the second optical terminal
  • the first optical head and the second optical terminal communicate through optical signals.
  • the first controller may simultaneously include a data unit whose destination receiver is the first field device and a data unit whose destination recipient is the second field device in the master station message sent out.
  • the first master station message further includes a second master station data unit, the second master station data unit includes a destination identifier and second service data, and the destination identifier included in the second master station data unit is the The identifier of the second field device;
  • the first optical head end, the constructed first downlink transmission frame also includes the content of the second master station data unit, for example, the first downlink transmission frame also includes the second master station data unit and the header field corresponding to the second master station data unit, the header field corresponding to the second master station data unit is the identifier of the second optical terminal or the broadcast optical terminal identifier;
  • the second optical terminal receives the first downlink transmission frame, According to the identifier of the second optical terminal or the identifier of the broadcast optical terminal contained in the header field corresponding to the data unit of the second master station, it is determined that the data unit of
  • the second master station data unit and the first master station data unit may correspond to different header fields, or may correspond to the same header field; when corresponding to the same header field, the header field contains The broadcast optical terminal identification. Since the broadcast optical terminal identification cannot identify a specific optical terminal, the first optical terminal and the second optical terminal cannot determine the first master station data unit and the second master station data through the broadcast optical terminal identification contained in the header field. Whether the unit is a data unit to be processed, in this case, the first optical terminal and the second optical terminal need to further parse the first master station data unit and the second master station data unit, through the first master station data unit and the second master station data unit.
  • the destination identifier included in the second master station data unit according to whether the field device identified by the destination identifier is a field device connected to the optical terminal, it is determined whether the first master station data unit or the second master station data unit should determine whether the Connected field devices are controlled.
  • the first optical head encapsulates one or more master station data units containing service data into a downlink transmission frame suitable for transmission in the optical channel.
  • the optical communication network composed of multiple optical terminals is a point-to-multipoint optical communication network. The transmission of downlink transmission frames between the first optical head and each optical terminal does not need to be forwarded by other optical terminals or field devices, reducing the transmission delay. , improve the communication efficiency.
  • the second optical terminal obtains service data of the second field device; encapsulates the service data of the second field device into a second uplink transmission subframe, and the second uplink transmission subframe includes a header field and a second slave station data unit , the header field of the second uplink transmission subframe includes the identifier of the second optical terminal, the second slave station data unit includes the service data and the source identifier of the second field device, and the source identifier of the second slave station data unit is the second field device.
  • the second optical terminal sends the second uplink transmission subframe through an optical signal; the first uplink transmission frame received by the first optical head terminal also includes the second uplink transmission subframe.
  • the first optical head end performs data forwarding according to the destination identifier included in the data unit. For example, when the destination identifier contained in the first slave data unit is the identifier of the first controller, the first optical head sends the first slave data unit to the first controller; when the first slave data unit When the included destination identifier is the identifier of the second field device, the first optical head constructs a second downlink transmission frame based on the first slave station data unit, and sends the first slave station data unit to the second field through the second downlink transmission frame.
  • the second optical terminal corresponding to the device. In this way, the field device can not only communicate with the controller through the optical terminal, but also can communicate based on optical transmission between different field devices, and the communication between the field devices can also achieve low latency and large bandwidth.
  • the device control system based on optical communication may include multiple controllers.
  • the system further includes a second controller, a second optical head, a third optical terminal and a third field device, the second controller communicates with the third field device through the second optical head, and the third field device communicates with the third field device through the third optical head
  • the terminal communicates with the second controller, and the second optical head end and the third optical terminal communicate through optical signals.
  • the first controller and the second controller can communicate with each other through the optical head end.
  • the first optical head end receives the second master station message sent by the first controller, the second master station message includes the third master station data unit, the third master station data unit includes the destination identifier and the third service data, and the third master station data unit.
  • the destination identifier included in the master station data unit is the identifier of the second controller; the first optical head, according to the destination identifier of the third master station data unit, determines that the destination receiver of the third master station data unit is the second controller, Further determine the MAC address of the second optical head end corresponding to the second controller; send the third master data unit to the second optical head based on the MAC address of the second optical head; the second optical head receives the third master data unit; After the station data unit, the third master station data unit is sent to the second controller according to the destination identifier of the third master station data unit. It can be seen that, in the system provided by the present application, different controllers can also communicate through the optical head.
  • the first optical terminal encapsulates the service data of the first field device into a third uplink transmission subframe
  • the third uplink transmission subframe includes a header field and a third slave station data unit
  • the third uplink transmission subframe includes a header field and a third slave station data unit.
  • the header field of the three uplink transmission subframes includes the identifier of the first optical terminal
  • the third slave data unit includes the service data, source identifier and destination identifier of the first field device
  • the source identifier of the third slave data unit is the first field.
  • the identification of the device, the destination identification contained in the third slave data unit is the identification of the third field device; the first optical terminal sends the third uplink transmission subframe to the first optical head through an optical signal; the first optical head receives the first In the three uplink transmission subframes, the MAC address of the second optical head end corresponding to the second controller is determined according to the destination identifier contained in the third slave data unit; based on the MAC address of the second optical head end, send the data to the second optical head end the third slave data unit; the second optical head end receives the third slave data unit, constructs a third downlink transmission frame according to the third slave data unit, and sends the third downlink through an optical signal transmission frame; the third downlink transmission frame includes the third slave data unit and the header field corresponding to the third slave data unit, and the header field corresponding to the third slave data unit includes the third slave data unit
  • the optical head end can not only send the control instructions or business data sent by the controller to any field device to any field device through optical signals, but also can send the controller to all field devices. Or business data is sent to all field devices by way of broadcasting.
  • the first controller controls N field devices, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the first optical head end receives the third master station message sent by the first controller, and the third master station message includes the fourth master station message station data unit, the fourth master station data unit includes a destination identifier and fourth service data, and the destination identifier included in the fourth master station data unit is a broadcast slave station identifier, and the so-called broadcast slave station identifier is different from any slave station identifier, It is used to indicate that the master station data unit is broadcast data; the first optical head, according to the fourth master station data unit, constructs a fourth downlink transmission frame, and sends the fourth downlink transmission frame through an optical signal, the fourth downlink transmission frame
  • the transmission frame includes a header field and the fourth master station data unit, and the header field includes a broadcast optical terminal identifier;
  • the Jth optical terminal receives the fourth downlink transmission frame, and according to the information in the header field of the fourth downlink transmission frame.
  • the included broadcast optical terminal identifier determines that the fourth master station data unit is a data unit to be processed, and the Jth optical terminal is an optical terminal corresponding to any field device in the N field devices; the Jth optical terminal sending the fourth service data included in the fourth master station data unit to the field device corresponding to the Jth optical terminal according to the broadcast slave station identifier included in the fourth master station data unit .
  • the communication between the optical head end and the optical terminal is based on any PON protocol
  • the identification of any optical head end and the identification of any optical terminal are a passive optical network PON identification
  • the PON identification types include but are not limited to gigabit passive optical network encapsulation mode GEM port identification, Ethernet passive optical network EPON logical link identification LLID.
  • the packet transmitted between the first controller and the first optical head end is an Ethernet packet
  • the Ethernet packet further includes at least one of the following fields, including a destination MAC address, a source MAC address , Ethernet type, timestamp, frame check sequence; the destination MAC address and the MAC address of the first optical head end, and the source MAC address is the MAC address of the first controller.
  • the any downlink transmission frame and the any uplink transmission frame use a GEM frame format
  • the header field included in the any downlink transmission frame and the any uplink transmission frame include The included header field is the GEM frame header field.
  • the data unit of any master station and the data unit of any slave station further include at least one of the following fields, including data type, operation type, slave station operation address offset, payload Length, message sequence number, priority, indication of the last data unit of the message, slave station event, response error code, etc.
  • the first optical terminal sends the operation type and the slave station operation address offset contained in the first master station data unit to the first field device, or the operation type and the slave station operation address offset to operate or control the first field device.
  • the data type indicated by the data type field includes any of the following data types, including periodic real-time data, random access data, management data, and security data; when the data type field indicated When the data type is periodic real-time data or random access data, the command type indicated by the operation type field is any of the following types, including read operation, write operation, read and write operation, broadcast write operation, and loopback test; when the data type indicated by the data type field is management data, the command type indicated by the operation type field is any of the following types, including read operation, read response operation, set operation, and set response operation.
  • the present application provides a device control method based on optical communication.
  • the method is executed by a controller, an optical head end, an optical terminal, and a field device.
  • a controller controls the method executed by a controller, an optical head end, an optical terminal, and a field device.
  • the method executed by each device please refer to the description of the first aspect. No longer.
  • an optical head end in a third aspect, is provided.
  • the optical head end includes at least one unit, and the at least one unit is used to implement the method provided in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
  • the units in the optical head end are implemented by software, and the units in the optical head end are program modules.
  • the units in the optical head end are implemented by hardware or firmware.
  • the optical head end includes a head-end service module, a head-end Ethernet module, a head-end-to-multipoint module, a head-end optical module, and optionally, a controller module; wherein, the head-end service The module is used to identify the flow of service data according to the purpose identifier contained in the data unit, and forward the data unit to the controller, the head-end Ethernet module or the head-end to the multi-point module; the head-end Ethernet module is used to provide external Ethernet interfaces, such as FE, GE or 10GE, etc., receive and send Ethernet packets; the head-end-to-multipoint module is used to receive data units from the head-end service module, and encapsulate the data units into downlink transmission frames suitable for point-to-multipoint optical communication networks.
  • the head-end service The module is used to identify the flow of service data according to the purpose identifier contained in the data unit, and forward the data unit to the controller, the head-end Ethernet module or the head-end to the multi-point module; the head
  • the head-end optical module is used to provide an optical communication interface to complete the transmission and reception of optical signals.
  • an optical terminal in a fourth aspect, includes at least one unit, and the at least one unit is configured to implement the method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.
  • the units in the optical terminal are implemented by software, and the units in the optical terminal are program modules.
  • the units in the optical terminal are implemented by hardware or firmware.
  • the optical terminal includes a terminal optical module, a terminal point-to-multipoint module, a terminal service module, and optionally a device control module. Among them, the terminal optical module is used to provide an optical communication interface and complete the transmission and reception of optical signals.
  • the optical signal can be single-wavelength or multi-wavelength; the terminal point-to-multipoint module is used in the downstream direction to receive and parse downlink transmission frames, obtain data units, and send the data units to the terminal service module; terminal point-to-multipoint The point module is used to receive the slave data unit from the terminal service module in the upstream direction, encapsulate it into an upstream transmission frame, and send it to the optical head through the terminal optical module; the terminal service module is also used to parse the data unit in the downstream direction, And send the business data in the data unit to the equipment control module or the field device; the terminal service module can also judge whether the purpose mark is the mark of the field device connected with the optical terminal according to the purpose mark carried in the data unit, to determine whether The data unit needs to be processed; the terminal service module is also used to receive service data from the equipment control module or field equipment in the upstream direction, encapsulate the service data into data units, and send it to the terminal point-to-multipoint module module.
  • optical head end in a fifth aspect, another optical head end is provided, the optical head end includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to execute an instruction, so that the optical head end executes the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, the transceiver
  • the device is used to send and receive signals or data.
  • a sixth aspect provides another optical terminal, the optical terminal includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to execute an instruction, so that the optical head end executes the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, the transceiver The device is used to send and receive signals or data.
  • the optical terminal includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to execute an instruction, so that the optical head end executes the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, the transceiver
  • the device is used to send and receive signals or data.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, and when the instruction is executed on a computer, the computer executes the method provided in the first aspect.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a computer, the computer is caused to execute the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • a chip including a memory and a processor, the memory is used for storing computer instructions, and the processor is used for calling and running the computer instructions from the memory, so as to execute the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible possibilities of the first aspect. method in the implementation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an industrial manufacturing network architecture
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a device control system based on optical communication provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another optical communication-based device control system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a logical function structure of an optical head end provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a logical function of an optical terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a message structure of a master station according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a downlink transmission frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink transmission frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another downlink transmission frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for a controller to control a field device through an optical communication network according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a method for communicating between field devices through an optical communication network provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for communicating between field devices across PLCs through an optical communication network provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus of an optical head end or an optical terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the industrial manufacturing network in a factory can be divided into three levels, factory-level network, workshop-level network and field-level network.
  • the factory-level network is used for data communication between the supply chain management, enterprise resource planning, warehouse management and other systems of the factory;
  • the workshop-level network is used for communication between multiple controllers in one or more workshops;
  • the field-level network The network is applied to the production site, and the communication between the field devices and the field device and the controller is carried out through the field-level network.
  • the typical form of the controller is a programmable logic controller (PLC).
  • the controller is a hardware device other than PLC with computing processing capabilities, such as a motion controller;
  • the device can also be called the master station or the head end;
  • the field devices include mechanical arms, relays, machine tools, tools, etc., and can also be called slave stations or terminals.
  • fieldbus technologies used in field-level networks, such as EtherCAT, POWERLINK, and so on.
  • EtherCAT implements message forwarding based on hardware.
  • the time for EtherCAT messages to pass through each slave station is small, the message sent by the master station needs to pass through all slave stations.
  • the present invention provides a device control system or field bus architecture based on optical communication.
  • the device control system shown in FIG. 2 includes a controller 1, field devices (such as the field device 11, the field device 12 and the field device 13 in the figure), the optical head end 1 corresponding to the controller 1 and the optical terminal corresponding to the field device (such as Optical terminal 11, optical terminal 12 and optical terminal 13) are shown in the figure.
  • the optical head end and the optical terminal conduct optical communication through the optical distribution network.
  • Optical terminals and field devices can be in a one-to-one relationship or a one-to-many relationship, that is, one optical terminal corresponds to multiple field devices.
  • the optical head end needs to record and manage the correspondence between the optical terminal and the field device.
  • Optical head end 1, multiple optical terminals and optical distribution network form a point-to-multipoint optical communication network.
  • Optical distribution network which may include optical fibers, optical couplers, optical splitters, splitters, or other devices.
  • the devices in the optical distribution network are passive optical devices. Specifically, the devices in the optical distribution network do not need power supply when transmitting and distributing optical signals.
  • the optical splitter can be connected to the optical head end 1 through a backbone fiber, and connected to multiple optical terminals through multiple branch fibers, so as to realize one optical head end and multiple optical terminals.
  • the point-to-multipoint connection between them completes the function of point-to-multipoint optical splitting or combining.
  • the splitter can be a one-stage splitter or a multi-level splitter, and the optical splitter can also be an equal-ratio or unequal-ratio optical fiber.
  • the optical distribution network divides the downlink optical signals from the optical head into multiple optical signals and distributes them to each optical terminal; the uplink optical signals from multiple optical terminals are combined into one optical signal and sent to the optical terminal.
  • the uplink optical signal carrying the data unit of the slave station sent by each optical terminal is combined into one optical signal through the optical distribution network and sent to the optical head end.
  • the upstream or downstream is an indication of the signal flow direction, the upstream refers to from the optical terminal to the optical head end, and the downstream refers to the optical head end to the optical terminal.
  • the uplink or downlink optical signal includes service data.
  • the so-called business data includes, but is not limited to, signals or instructions used to control field devices, and data that is queried, collected, or reported by field devices.
  • the service data is encapsulated in the data unit.
  • the data unit that encapsulates the service data sent by the controller is called the master station data unit
  • the data unit that encapsulates the service data sent by the field device is called the master station data unit. Called the slave data unit.
  • the name of each device in the system shown in FIG. 2 is only an example, and the name of each device in the specific implementation may also be other names, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the optical head end can also be called It is an optical controller, an optical master station, or an optical communication device, etc.
  • an optical terminal can also be called an optical slave station or an optical communication device.
  • the point-to-multipoint optical communication network may be a passive optical network (PON), including next-generation PON (NG-PON), NG-PON1, NG-PON PON2, gigabit PON (gigabit-capable PON, GPON), 10 gigabit per second PON (10 gigabit per second PON, XG-PON), symmetric 10 gigabit passive optical network (10-gigabit-capable symmetric passive optical network) , XGS-PON), Ethernet PON (Ethernet PON, EPON), 10 gigabit per second EPON (10 gigabit per second EPON, 10G-EPON), next-generation EPON (next-generation EPON, NG-EPON), WDM With (wavelength-division multiplexing, WDM) PON, time division wavelength division multiplexing (time-and wavelength-division multiplexing, TWDM) PON, point-to-point (point-to-point, P2P) WDM PON (P2
  • the function of the optical head end in Figure 2 can be implemented by an optical line terminal (OLT), and the function of the optical terminal can be implemented by an optical network unit (optical network unit, ONU). ) or an optical network terminal (optical network terminal, ONT); in other words, the OLT can implement the function of the optical head end, and the ONT or ONU can implement the function of the optical terminal.
  • Any PON communication mechanism and protocol are used for communication between the optical head and the optical terminal. For example, the optical head allocates different uplink time slots for each optical terminal, and each optical terminal sends uplink data or uplink data in the uplink time slot allocated by the optical head. The frame is transmitted to ensure that the uplink data sent by each optical terminal will not collide or interfere during the transmission process. The specific PON communication mechanism and protocol will not be repeated here.
  • the controller 1 and the optical head 1 can be deployed separately, or can be deployed together.
  • the interface between the controller 1 and the optical head 1 can be an Ethernet interface (FE, GE, 10GE) or a PCIE interface or one of other interfaces; the optical head 1 and the controller In the 1-in-1 deployment, the interface between the optical head end 1 and the controller 1 is the software transceiver interface inside the same device.
  • Optical terminals and field devices can be deployed separately or in one.
  • the interfaces between the optical terminal 11 and the field device 11 can be Ethernet interfaces (FE, GE, 10GE), SPI interfaces, and servo motors.
  • the device control system shown in FIG. 2 may also include multiple groups of controllers and corresponding field devices.
  • the system includes two controllers, and controller 1 and controller 2 respectively control one or more field devices.
  • the controller 1 and the controller 2 can communicate through the interface between the optical head end 1 and the optical head end 2, and the field device controlled by the controller 1 can also communicate with the controller through the interface between the optical head end 1 and the optical head end 2. Communication with field devices controlled by controller 2.
  • the optical head end mainly completes the sending and receiving of service data in the point-to-multipoint optical communication network.
  • the optical head end 400 may include the following logical function modules: the controller module 401:
  • the controller and the optical head end can be deployed in one, and in the case of the integrated deployment, the optical head end includes a controller module to realize the control of the field device.
  • the logic control programming of the field device can also be implemented in this module to reduce the performance requirements of the field device hardware or software.
  • this application refers to the description of the controller, that is, it may refer to the controller module 401 deployed in one with the optical head end, or it may refer to the controller deployed separately from the optical head end.
  • Head-end service module 402 According to the destination identifier contained in the data unit, identify the flow of service data, and forward the data unit to the controller module 401 (or external controller), the head-end Ethernet module 403 or the head-end to multipoint module 404.
  • the master station message includes a header field and at least one master station data unit, if the destination identifier of the master station data unit is identified by The destination node is a field device controlled by the controller, then the master station data unit is sent to the head endpoint to the multipoint module 404, if the destination node identified by the destination identifier of the master station data unit is other controllers or other controllers control The field device, then the master station data unit is sent to the head-end Ethernet module 403; the slave station data unit sent by the head end point to the multipoint module 404 is received, if the destination node identified by the purpose identifier of the slave station data unit is the controller, Then send the slave data unit to the controller.
  • the slave data unit will be sent to the head-end Ethernet module.
  • 403 Receive the message sent by the head-end ether module 403, if the destination node identified by the destination identifier of the data unit in the message is the controller, then send the data unit to the controller, if the destination identified by the destination identifier of the data unit If the node is a field device controlled by the controller, the data unit is sent to the head end to the multipoint module 404 .
  • the head-end service module 402 when the message sent by the controller carries multiple master station data units, the head-end service module 402 also needs to record the sequence of the multiple master station data units according to the destination identifier included in the master station data unit; After receiving the slave data units of each field device subsequently, according to the identification of the field device, adjust the sequence of the multiple slave data units according to the sequence of the master data unit, so that the multiple slave data units sent to the controller are the same as the one sent to the controller.
  • the sequence of multiple master data units in the master message is consistent.
  • the head-end Ethernet module 403 provides external Ethernet interfaces, such as FE, GE or 10GE, to receive and send Ethernet packets.
  • Head-end-to-multipoint module 404 receives the data unit from the head-end service module, encapsulates the data unit into a downlink transmission frame suitable for a point-to-multipoint optical communication network, and sends the downlink transmission frame through the head-end optical module 405 .
  • the uplink transmission frame from the field device is received, and the data unit in the uplink transmission frame is sent to the head-end service module 402 for processing.
  • the downlink data frame includes at least one downlink transmission subframe, as shown in FIG. 7
  • the uplink transmission frame includes at least one uplink transmission subframe, as shown in FIG. 8 ; the downlink or uplink transmission subframe It includes a header field and a data unit.
  • the header field of the downlink transmission subframe contains a destination identifier, and the destination identifier value is the identifier of the optical terminal.
  • the optical terminal determines whether it needs to process the downlink transmission subframe according to the identifier of the optical terminal in the header field.
  • the frame format of the downlink transmission subframe and the uplink transmission subframe is not limited, for example, a GPON encapsulation mode (GPON encapsulation mode/method, GEM) frame format based on any GPON protocol can be used.
  • the downlink data frame includes a header field and a plurality of data units, as shown in FIG.
  • the destination identifier contained in the header field is the broadcast optical terminal identifier
  • the broadcast optical terminal identifier is a The identification of a specific optical terminal used in a broadcast scenario.
  • each optical terminal cannot identify which data unit needs to be processed according to the destination identifier in the header field, and needs to analyze the data units one by one, and determine whether to process the data unit according to the identifier of the field device in the data unit.
  • the head-end optical module 405 provides an optical communication interface and completes the transmission and reception of optical signals.
  • the optical signal can be single wavelength or multi-wavelength.
  • optical head-end functional modules as above is only a possible implementation manner, and the functions of the above-mentioned modules can also be integrated and divided in other ways, such as the head-end service module 402 and the head-end to The multipoint module 404 can be integrated into one functional module.
  • the optical terminal completes the transmission and reception of service data in the point-to-multipoint optical communication network.
  • the optical terminal extracts the downlink transmission subframe to be processed from the received downlink optical signal, and sends the service data carried in the downlink transmission subframe to the field device; the optical terminal receives the service data sent by the field device, and encapsulates the service data as uplink Subframes are transmitted and converted into optical signals, which are sent to the optical head through a point-to-multipoint optical communication network.
  • FIG. 5 the present application provides a possible schematic diagram of the logical function structure of the optical head end.
  • the optical terminal 500 may include the following logical function modules:
  • the terminal optical module 501 provides an optical communication interface, and completes the transmission and reception of optical signals.
  • the optical signal can be single wavelength or multi-wavelength.
  • the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 in the downlink direction, receives and parses the downlink transmission frame, obtains the data unit, and sends the data unit to the terminal service module 503 . If the downlink transmission frame is in the encapsulation format shown in FIG. 7, the terminal service module 502 checks whether the optical terminal identifier contained in the header field of each downlink transmission subframe is the optical terminal identifier, and if so, the downlink transmission subframe The included data unit is sent to the terminal service module 503 to continue processing; if not, the processing of the downlink transmission subframe is terminated. If the downlink transmission frame is the encapsulation format shown in FIG.
  • the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 parses the data units one by one, and judges whether the identification of the field device carried in the data unit is the identification of the field device connected to the optical terminal, if If yes, send the data unit to the terminal service module 503 to continue processing; if not, discard the data unit.
  • the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 receives the slave data unit from the terminal service module 503, encapsulates it into an uplink transmission frame, and sends it to the optical head through the terminal optical module 501.
  • the uplink optical signal received by the optical head end is the optical signal combined by the optical distribution network, which includes the uplink signals of multiple optical terminals; therefore, the uplink transmission frame in the uplink optical signal received by the optical terminal, in which It includes uplink transmission subframes sent by multiple optical terminals, and each uplink transmission subframe is an uplink transmission frame sent by an optical terminal.
  • the terminal service module 503 in the downlink direction, parses the data unit, and sends the service data in the data unit to the device control module 504 or the field device; the terminal service module 503 can also judge whether the target identifier is The identification of the field device connected to the optical terminal to determine whether the data unit needs to be processed.
  • the service data from the device control module 504 or the field device is received, and the service data is encapsulated into a data unit, and sent to the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 module. It should be noted that, when the downlink transmission frame is in the encapsulation format shown in FIG.
  • the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 can directly convert the downlink data unit into the data unit.
  • the included service data is sent to the device control module 504 or the field device.
  • Device control module 504 As mentioned above, the optical terminal and the field device can be deployed in one, or separately. When deployed together, the device control module 504 can be understood as a module that controls field devices. It should be noted that this application relates to the description of field devices, that is, it may refer to field devices that are deployed together with optical terminals, or may refer to field devices that are deployed separately from optical terminals.
  • optical terminal functional modules are only a possible implementation, and the functions of the above modules can also be integrated or divided in other ways, such as the terminal service module 503 and the terminal endpoint to The multipoint module 502 can be integrated into one functional module.
  • FIG. 10 The method flow shown in FIG. 10 is applicable to the equipment control system shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the networking and connection relationship between the controller, the optical head end, the optical terminal and the field equipment refer to the corresponding diagrams in FIGS. 2 and 3 . description, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the networking and connection relationship between the controller, the optical head end, the optical terminal and the field equipment refer to the corresponding diagrams in FIGS. 2 and 3 . description, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 10 the networking and connection relationship between the controller, the optical head end, the optical terminal and the field equipment refer to the corresponding diagrams in FIGS. 2 and 3 . description, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the networking and connection relationship between the controller, the optical head end, the optical terminal and the field equipment refer to the corresponding diagrams in FIGS. 2 and 3 . description, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the networking and connection relationship between the controller, the
  • the controller sends a control command for controlling the field device.
  • the control command is encapsulated in the master station message as shown in Figure 6.
  • the message of the master station may be a message based on the Ethernet message format.
  • Table 1 lists the fields that may be included in the master message.
  • the header field in FIG. 6 may contain the DA, SA and EtherType fields in Table 1, and any master data unit in FIG. 6 corresponds to PDUn in Table 1.
  • DA is used to identify the address of the destination node of the packet.
  • the value of this field can be the MAC address of the optical head; SA is used to identify the address of the source node of the packet.
  • the value of this field can be The value can be the MAC address of the controller; EtherType is used to identify the type of the upper-layer protocol; the master station message includes at least one PDU unit, and PDUn represents one of the PDU units, which is used to carry service data, and the PDU includes at least the source identifier and the destination identifier. and business data.
  • a possible PDU structure is shown in Table 2:
  • the destination identification is used to identify the destination node identification of this data unit
  • the source identification is used to identify the source site identification of this data unit
  • the destination node identification of this PDU is the identification of the field device (the identification of the field device is also It can be called the slave station identification)
  • the source site identification is the identification of the controller (the identification of the controller can also be called the identification of the master station);
  • the content and format of the business data are not limited in this application, and the business data can be encapsulated in such as In the payload shown in Table 2, in addition to the payload, one or more fields such as data type, operation type, and offset address may also be included.
  • the data types that the data type field can indicate include periodic real-time data, random access data, management data, and security data.
  • the command type indicated by the operation type field may include read operation, write operation, read and write operation, broadcast write operation, and loopback test, etc.;
  • the command type indicated by the operation type field may include a read operation, a read response operation, a setting operation, a setting response operation, and the like.
  • the offset address occupies 12 bits, and the offset address is used to indicate the logical starting offset address of the operation that the slave station needs to perform. If the operation needs to be performed on all addresses, the offset address can be set to 0.
  • the data unit may also include other fields, as shown in Table 3.
  • the message sequence number field is used to indicate the sequence number of the master station message sent by the master station controller, and the slave station carries the same sequence number value in the response message. In this way, after the master station receives the service data of the slave station, it can According to the message sequence number, the service data reported by the slave station corresponds to the message of the master station.
  • the message priority field is used to indicate the priority of the message.
  • the eop_ind field is used to indicate whether the PDU is the last PDU in the message.
  • the event field and error code field are generally used by the slave station to report the slave station event and error type to the master station. In the 1001 master station message, the event field and error code field in the PDU can be set to invalid values.
  • the optical head end After receiving the control command from the master station, the optical head end determines that the destination node of the PDU is a slave station or a field device according to the slave station identifier contained in the PDU in the master station message, and then converts one or more of the master station messages into a slave station or a field device.
  • Each PDU is encapsulated into a downlink transmission frame suitable for transmission in a point-to-multipoint optical communication network, and the downlink transmission frame is sent through an optical signal.
  • the downlink transmission frame also includes a header field part, and the header field part contains the identifier of the optical terminal to indicate the optical terminal that needs to receive and process each PDU.
  • the identifier of the optical terminal can be the GEM port identifier of the optical terminal; when the point-to-multipoint optical transmission network is an EPON network, the identifier of the optical terminal can be The logical link identifier LLID of the optical terminal.
  • the optical head end generates a header field part for each PDU, and each PDU and its corresponding header field part form a downlink transmission subframe, as shown in Figure 7; it is assumed that the target identifier in a PDU is Or the field device corresponding to the slave station identifier is the field device 1, then the identifier of the optical terminal contained in the header field corresponding to the PDU is the identifier of the optical terminal 1.
  • all PDUs in the downlink transmission frame correspond to the same header field, as shown in Figure 9; in this case, the identifier of the optical terminal contained in the header field of the downlink transmission frame is no longer The identifier of a specific optical terminal, but a broadcast optical terminal identifier, such as a wildcard identifier or a preset value, the broadcast optical terminal identifier is used to instruct each optical terminal to parse all PDUs, according to the information contained in the PDU.
  • the identification of the slave station and the identification of the field device connected to the optical terminal determine which PDU should be used to control the connected slave station.
  • the optical head end can also record the sequence of multiple PDUs included in the master station message according to the destination identifier in the PDU; after receiving the slave station data units of each field device subsequently, according to the identifier of the field device, according to the master station
  • the sequence of the multiple PDUs included in the message adjusts the sequence of the multiple slave data units, so that the multiple slave data units sent to the controller are in the same order as the multiple master data units in the master message.
  • the optical terminal receives the downlink transmission frame sent by the optical head end, parses the downlink transmission frame, and sends the master station control instruction to the corresponding field device.
  • the optical terminal parses the header field of each downlink transmission subframe. If the destination identifier contained in the header field of the downlink transmission subframe is the identifier corresponding to the optical terminal, Then continue to process the data unit in the downlink transmission subframe.
  • the optical terminal parses each PDU one by one, and judges whether the slave station identifier contained in the PDU is the identifier of the field device connected to the optical terminal. If so, continue to process the PDUs.
  • the optical terminal parses the service data in the PDU and sends it to the field device corresponding to the slave station identification. Please refer to the description of Table 2 or Table 3 for the contents that may be included in the business data.
  • the field device After the field device operates according to the control command of the master station, it returns the service data of the slave station to the optical terminal.
  • the service data of the slave station may be the content of the payload part in Table 2 or Table 3, and may also include the content in Table 2 and Table 3. Contents of other fields, such as slave events, error codes, etc.
  • the optical terminal receives service data from the slave station, encapsulates the service data from the slave station into the PDU format shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3, and further encapsulates it into an uplink transmission frame suitable for transmission in the point-to-multipoint optical transmission network, and then The uplink transmission frame is sent through an optical signal.
  • the frame format of the upstream transmission frame may adopt any GPON encapsulation mode (GPON encapsulation mode/method, GEM) frame format of any GPON protocol.
  • GEM GPON encapsulation mode/method
  • the uplink transmission frame is encapsulated in the format of the uplink transmission frame as shown in FIG. 8 , and a header field is generated for each PDU.
  • the header field corresponding to the PDU contains the identifier of the optical terminal to identify which optical terminal the PDU comes from.
  • the identifier of the optical terminal can be the GEM port identifier of the optical terminal; when the point-to-multipoint optical transmission network is an EPON network, the identifier of the optical terminal can be The logical link identifier LLID of the optical terminal.
  • the destination identifier in the PDU is the identifier of the control device, and the source identifier in the PDU is the identifier of the field device corresponding to the service data in the PDU; if the PDU contained in the 1003 downlink transmission frame carries the SN field, the uplink transmission frame contains The PDU also carries the SN field, and the value of the SN field is the same as the value of the SN field in the PDU included in the downlink transmission frame, to indicate which downlink control command the service data carried in the uplink transmission PDU corresponds to. It should be noted that the uplink transmission frame sent by each slave station becomes one or more uplink transmission subframes in the uplink transmission frame received by the optical head end after being combined by the optical distribution network.
  • the optical head end receives the uplink transmission frame, and the optical head end parses and obtains the slave data unit PDU from one or more uplink transmission subframes contained in the uplink transmission frame; the optical head end sends these PDUs according to the destination identifier contained in the PDU to the controller.
  • the optical head end sends the message format of the slave data unit to the controller, which can be the message format shown in Table 1. If the optical head records the sequence of the master data units sent by the controller in step 1004, the optical head can also sort the slave data units according to the source identifier contained in the slave data units, so that the data units are reported to the controller.
  • the sequence of the slave data units of the controller is consistent with the sequence of the master data units sent by the controller. After the controller receives the service data of the slave station, it parses the service data of the slave station and performs subsequent processing.
  • the controller can not only communicate with the slave stations controlled or managed by the controller through the point-to-multipoint optical communication network, but also the multiple slave stations managed by the same controller. communication is also possible.
  • the field device 11 may also send data to the field device 12 through a point-to-multipoint optical communication network.
  • the field device 11 sends the service data to the optical terminal 11 .
  • the optical terminal 11 encapsulates the service data of the slave station 11 into a PDU format as shown in Figure 2 or 3, and further encapsulates it into an uplink transmission frame suitable for transmission in a point-to-multipoint optical transmission network, and then sends it through an optical signal the uplink transmission frame.
  • the destination identifier is the identifier of the field device 12 .
  • the format of the uplink transmission frame is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the optical head end receives the uplink transmission frame, and according to the destination identifier in the PDU, determines that the destination receiver of the PDU is the field device 12, and then encapsulates the PDU into a downlink transmission frame suitable for the downlink transmission frame shown in FIG. 8 or FIG.
  • the header field of the frame contains the identifier of the optical terminal 12 .
  • the format of the downlink transmission frame is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the optical terminal 12 After receiving the downlink transmission frame, the optical terminal 12 parses the downlink transmission frame, and sends the service data contained therein to the field device 12 .
  • the optical terminal 12 For details of the method executed by the optical terminal 12, reference may be made to step 1005, which will not be repeated here.
  • the multiple controllers can also communicate through the head-end Ethernet module of the optical head.
  • the controller 1 can send a message to the controller 2 through the optical head end 1.
  • the destination node identified by the destination identifier of the master data unit sent by the controller 1 is the controller 2.
  • the optical head end 1 judges that the destination node identified by the destination identifier is the controller 2, and then sends the master data unit to the optical head end 2 through the Ethernet interface; the optical head end 2, according to the destination identifier in the data unit, sends the received data unit, namely The master data unit sent by controller 1 is sent to controller 2.
  • the optical head end has an Ethernet communication interface, not only the multiple field devices managed by the same controller can communicate with each other, but also the field devices managed by different controllers can communicate with each other.
  • the field device 11 may send a message or service data to the field device 21 .
  • the networking relationship between the field device 11 and the field device 21 is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the field device 11 sends the service data of the slave station to the optical terminal 11 .
  • the optical terminal 11 encapsulates the slave station service data of the field device 11 into an uplink data frame, the uplink data frame includes a PDU, and the destination identifier carried in the PDU is the identifier of the field device 21 .
  • the optical head end 1 receives the uplink data frame sent by the optical terminal 11, and by analyzing the PDU contained in the uplink data frame, it is determined that the destination identifier carried in the PDU is not the identifier of the controller 1, nor is it managed by the controller 1
  • the identification of any field device so the PDU is sent to other optical heads through the head-end Ethernet module.
  • the identification of the field device follows a certain numbering rule, and the optical head end 1 can identify the field device 21 as the field device managed by the controller 2 according to the identification of the field device 21, so the optical head end 1 can send the PDU to the optical head end. 2.
  • some bits of the field device identification include the controller identification, and the optical head end can determine the identification of the controller that controls or manages the field device by parsing the field device identification.
  • the optical head end 2 receives the Ethernet packet sent by the optical head end 1, and determines that the destination receiver of the PDU is the field device 21 by parsing the destination identifier of the PDU.
  • the optical head end 2 encapsulates the PDU into a downlink transmission frame and sends it to the optical terminal 21 .
  • the optical terminal 21 parses the downlink transmission frame, and sends the service data contained in the PDU to the field device 21 .
  • the optical communication-based industrial control system provided by this application, the communication between the controller and the field equipment, the field equipment and Communication between field devices also has the characteristics of low latency, high bandwidth and low jitter.
  • the present application also provides a device 1300 .
  • the device 1300 may specifically be used to implement the functions of the optical head end or the optical terminal in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the device includes a processor 1301 and a transceiver 1303, and the processor 1301 and the transceiver 1303 are connected to each other through a line.
  • the processor 1301 may adopt a general-purpose central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or at least one integrated circuit, for executing relevant programs, so as to implement the technology provided by the embodiments of the present invention Program.
  • the processor can independently have the function of PON-related protocol media access control (MAC), or can realize the PON protocol MAC function through an external chip to realize the communication between the optical head and the optical terminal.
  • Device 1300 may include multiple processors, each of which may include one or more CPUs.
  • the processor 1301 is specifically responsible for executing the methods related to the optical head end or the optical terminal in this application, and communicates with the optical head end or the optical terminal through the transceiver 1303 .
  • the processor 1301 may correspond to the head-end service module 402 and the head-to-multipoint module 404 in FIG. 4; when the device 1300 is used to implement the function of the optical terminal, the processor 1301 may Corresponding to the terminal point-to-multipoint module 502 and the terminal service module 503 in FIG. 5 .
  • the transceiver 1303 is configured to perform the functions of sending and receiving uplink and downlink data frames in the above embodiments.
  • Transceiver 1303 includes an optical transmitter and/or an optical receiver.
  • Optical transmitters can be used to transmit optical signals
  • optical receivers can be used to receive optical signals.
  • the light transmitter can be realized by a light-emitting device, such as a gas laser, a solid-state laser, a liquid laser, a semiconductor laser, a directly modulated laser, and the like.
  • the optical receiver may be implemented by a photodetector, such as a photodetector or a photodiode (eg, an avalanche diode) or the like.
  • the transceiver 1303 may also include a digital-to-analog converter and an analog-to-digital converter.
  • the transceiver 1303 may further include a wavelength division multiplexer for realizing multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals of different wavelengths.
  • the transceiver 1303 may correspond to the head end optical module 405 in FIG. 4 ; when the device 1300 is used to implement the function of the optical terminal, the transceiver 1303 may correspond to the terminal optical module in FIG. 5 . 501.
  • the device 1300 may further include a memory 1302 for storing program instructions and data.
  • the memory can be a read only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM).
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • the processor 1301 may include a memory 1302 inside.
  • the processor 1301 and the memory 1302 are two separate structures.
  • the device 1300 may further include one or more other communication interfaces 1304, such as a communication interface for communicating with the controller and an Ethernet communication interface for communicating with other optical heads.
  • the device 1300 may also include one or more other communication interfaces 1304 .
  • the optical terminal and the field device are deployed separately, the optical terminal communicates with the field device through the communication interface 1304 .
  • system, method and device provided in this application can not only be applied in the field of industrial control, but also in any equipment control scenario. Any controller or server can use the system and device provided in this application.
  • the method to realize the operation and control of the device can also obtain the beneficial effects of low delay and high bandwidth brought by optical communication.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center is by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种基于光通信的设备控制系统，在传统的设备控制系统中引入支持光通信的设备。该系统包括第一控制器，第一光头端，第一光终端和第一现场设备，第一控制器通过第一光头端与所述第一现场设备通信，第一现场设备通过第一光终端与第一控制器通信，第一光头端和第一光终端通过光信号进行通信。通过在设备控制系统中引入光头端和光终端设备，第一控制器和第一现场设备间可以通过光信号进行通信，由于光通信具有高带宽、低时延的特点，第一控制器和第一现场设备间的通信时延可以大大降低，第一控制器和第一现场设备间的通信还可以满足机器视觉、运动控制等对带宽要求较高的业务需求。

Description

一种基于光通信的设备控制系统、方法和装置
本申请要求于2021年4月19日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号202110418709.3、申请名称为“一种基于光通信的设备控制系统、方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及设备控制领域和光通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种使用光通信进行设备控制的系统，方法和装置。
背景技术
在传统的工业生产工厂中，位于生产现场的许多设备和装置，如：传感器、调节器、变送器、执行器等，通过电缆或双绞线与控制器相连，控制器与生产现场的设备和装置间通过现场总线技术进行通信。现场设备的各种运行参数状态信息以及故障信息等通过现场总线传送到远离现场的控制器，而控制器又可以通过现场总线将各种控制、维护、组态命令送往相关的设备。
目前的现场总线，运行周期通常在毫秒级别,总线带宽通常在百兆级别，无法满足未来工业制造微秒甚至更低的时延要求，也无法满足机器视觉、运动控制等业务场景对大带宽网络的诉求。因此，亟需一种新型的具备超大带宽和超低时延的现场总线技术。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种基于光通信的设备控制系统，方法和装置，技术方案如下。
第一方面，本申请提供一种基于光通信的设备控制系统，在传统的设备控制系统中引入支持光通信的设备。该系统包括第一控制器，第一光头端，第一光终端和第一现场设备，第一控制器通过第一光头端与所述第一现场设备通信，第一现场设备通过第一光终端与第一控制器通信，第一光头端和第一光终端通过光信号进行通信。通过在设备控制系统中引入光头端和光终端设备，第一控制器和第一现场设备间可以通过光信号进行通信，由于光通信具有高带宽、低时延的特点，第一控制器和第一现场设备间的通信时延可以大大降低，第一控制器和第一现场设备间的通信还可以满足机器视觉、运动控制等对带宽要求较高的业务需求。下面，通过具体的业务流程中各设备执行的方法，对该系统进行介绍。
在下行方向，第一光头端获取第一控制器生成的第一主站报文，第一主站报文包括第一主站数据单元，第一主站数据单元包括目的标识和第一业务数据，所述第一主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第一现场设备的标识；第一光头端，基于第一主站数据单元构造第一下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送第一下行传输帧，第一下行传输帧包括第一主站数据单元和与第一主站数据单元对应的头域，第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识；第一光终端，接收第一下行传输帧后，根据第一主站数据单元对应的头域所包含 的第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，确定第一主站数据单元是否为需要处理的数据单元；如果该第一主站数据单元为需要处理的数据单元，则第一光终端，根据第一主站数据单元中所包含的第一现场设备的标识，确定该第一主站数据单元的目的接收方为第一现场设备，并向第一现场设备发送第一业务数据，或根据第一业务数据对第一现场设备进行操作或控制。需要说明的是，所述广播光终端标识为一种特殊的光终端标识，其取值与任何光终端的标识不同，用以标识广播信号，如果一个主站数据单元对应的头域中包含广播光终端标识，则该主站数据单元的目的接收方为所有的光终端。当所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括广播光终端标识时，所述第一光终端还用于根据所述第一主站数据单元包括的目的标识确定所述第一主站数据单元为待处理数据单元。
在上行方向，第一光终端，获取第一现场设备的业务数据，将第一现场设备的业务数据封装为第一上行传输子帧，第一上行传输子帧包括头域和第一从站数据单元，第一上行传输子帧的头域包括第一光终端的标识，第一从站数据单元包括第一现场设备的业务数据和源标识，第一从站数据单元的源标识为第一现场设备的标识，用于标识第一从站数据单元的发送方；第一光终端通过光信号发送第一上行传输子帧；第一光头端，接收第一上行传输帧，第一上行传输帧包括第一上行传输子帧。
本申请所提供的基于光通信的设备控制系统，可以包括多个现场设备，第一控制器可以通过第一光头端控制多个现场设备，例如，系统中还包括第二光终端和第二现场设备。第一控制器通过第一光头端与第二现场设备通信，第二现场设备通过第二光终端与第一控制器通信，第一光头端和第二光终端通过光信号进行通信。
在下行方向，第一控制器通过在下发的主站报文中可以同时包括目的接收方为第一现场设备的数据单元和目的接收方为第二现场设备的数据单元。例如，第一主站报文还包括第二主站数据单元，所述第二主站数据单元包括目的标识和第二业务数据，所述第二主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为所述第二现场设备的标识；第一光头端，构造的第一下行传输帧中还要包括第二主站数据单元的内容，例如，第一下行传输帧还包括所述第二主站数据单元和第二主站数据单元对应的头域，第二主站数据单元对应的头域所述第二光终端的标识或广播光终端标识；第二光终端，接收第一下行传输帧，根据第二主站数据单元对应的头域所包含的第二光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，确定第二下行传输子帧所包含的第二主站数据单元为待处理数据单元；第二光终端，还根据第二主站数据单元中所包含的第二现场设备的标识，向第二现场设备发送第二业务数据，或根据第二业务数据对第二现场设备进行操作或控制。需要说明的是，在下行传输帧中，第二主站数据单元与第一主站数据单元可以对应不同的头域，也可以对应同一个头域；当对应同一个头域时，该头域中包含广播光终端标识，由于广播光终端标识无法标识特定的光终端，第一光终端和第二光终端无法通过头域中包含的广播光终端标识确定第一主站数据单元和第二主站数据单元是否为待处理数据单元，这种情况下，第一光终端和第二光终端需要对第一主站数据单元和第二主站数据单元进行进一步的解析，通过第一主站数据单元和第二主站数据单元中包括的目的标识，根据目的标识所标识的现场设备是否为本光终端所连接的现场设备，确定是否要根据第一主站数据单元或第二主站数据单元对所连接的现场设备进行控制。第一光头端通过对第一控制器发送的报文进行解析和处理，将其中包含业务数据的一个或多个主站数据单元封装为适合在光通道中进行传输的下行传输帧，由于光头端和多个光终端组成的光通信网络为点到多点光通信网络，下行传输帧在 第一光头端和各光终端间的传输无需经过其它光终端或现场设备的转发，降低了传输时延，提高了通信效率。
在上行方向，第二光终端获取第二现场设备的业务数据；将第二现场设备的业务数据封装为第二上行传输子帧，第二上行传输子帧包括头域和第二从站数据单元，第二上行传输子帧的头域包括第二光终端的标识，第二从站数据单元包括第二现场设备的业务数据和源标识，第二从站数据单元的源标识为第二现场设备的标识；第二光终端通过光信号发送所述第二上行传输子帧；在第一光头端所接收的第一上行传输帧中，还包括第二上行传输子帧。
第一光头端根据数据单元包括的目的标识进行数据转发。例如，当所述第一从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第一控制器的标识时，第一光头端将第一从站数据单元发送给第一控制器；当第一从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第二现场设备的标识时，第一光头端基于第一从站数据单元构造第二下行传输帧，将第一从站数据单元通过第二下行传输帧发送给第二现场设备对应的第二光终端。这样现场设备不仅可以通过光终端与控制器进行通信，不同的现场设备间还可以进行基于光传输的通信，现场设备间的通信也可以实现低延迟，大带宽。
本申请所提供的基于光通信的设备控制系统，可以包括多个控制器。例如，该系统还包括第二控制器，第二光头端，第三光终端和第三现场设备，第二控制器通过第二光头端与第三现场设备通信，第三现场设备通过第三光终端与第二控制器通信，第二光头端和第三光终端通过光信号进行通信。
第一控制器和第二控制器间可以通过光头端进行互通。第一光头端，接收第一控制器发送的第二主站报文，第二主站报文包括第三主站数据单元，第三主站数据单元包括目的标识和第三业务数据，第三主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第二控制器的标识；第一光头端，根据第三主站数据单元的目的标识，确定第三主站数据单元的目的接收方为第二控制器，进一步确定与第二控制器对应的第二光头端的MAC地址；基于第二光头端的MAC地址，向第二光头端发送所述第三主站数据单元；第二光头端，接收所述第三主站数据单元后，根据第三主站数据单元的目的标识，向第二控制器发送所述第三主站数据单元。可见，在本申请所提供的系统中，不同的控制器间也可以通过光头端进行通信。
不仅控制器间可以进行通信，不同的控制器所控制的现场设备间也可以进行通信。一种可能的实现方式中，第一光终端，将所述第一现场设备的业务数据封装为第三上行传输子帧，第三上行传输子帧包括头域和第三从站数据单元，第三上行传输子帧的头域包括第一光终端的标识，第三从站数据单元包括第一现场设备的业务数据，源标识和目的标识，第三从站数据单元的源标识为第一现场设备的标识，第三从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第三现场设备的标识；第一光终端通过光信号向第一光头端发送第三上行传输子帧；第一光头端，接收第三上行传输子帧，根据第三从站数据单元所包含的目的标识，确定与第二控制器对应的第二光头端的MAC地址；基于第二光头端的MAC地址，向所述第二光头端发送所述第三从站数据单元；第二光头端，接收所述第三从站数据单元，根据所述第三从站数据单元构造第三下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送所述第三下行传输帧；所述第三下行传输帧包括所述第三从站数据单元和所述第三从站数据单元对应的头域，所述第三从站数据单元对应的头域包括所述第三光终端的标识或广播光终端标识；第三光终端，接收所述第三下行传输帧，根据所述第三从站数据单元对应的头域所包含的所述第三光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，确定所述第三从站数据单元为待处理数据单元；第三光终端，进一步根据所述第三从站数据单元中所包 含的所述第三现场设备的标识，将所述第一现场设备的业务数据发送给所述第三现场设备。
本申请所提供的系统，光头端不仅可以将控制器发送给任一现场设备的控制指令或业务数据通过光信号发送给该任一现场设备，还可以将控制器发给所有现场设备的控制指令或业务数据通过广播的方式发送给所有的现场设备。例如，第一控制器控制N个现场设备，N为大于或等于1的整数；第一光头端，接收第一控制器发送的第三主站报文，第三主站报文包括第四主站数据单元，所述第四主站数据单元包括目的标识和第四业务数据，第四主站数据单元包含的目的标识为广播从站标识，所谓广播从站标识不同于任一从站标识，用于指示该主站数据单元为广播数据；第一光头端，根据所述第四主站数据单元，构造第四下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送所述第四下行传输帧，第四下行传输帧包括头域和所述第四主站数据单元，头域包括广播光终端标识；第J个光终端，接收所述第四下行传输帧，根据所述第四下行传输帧的头域所包含的广播光终端标识，确定所述第四主站数据单元为待处理数据单元，所述第J个光终端为所述N个现场设备中任一现场设备对应的光终端；所述第J个光终端，根据所述第四主站数据单元中所包含的广播从站标识，将所述第四主站数据单元包括的第四业务数据发送给所述第J个光终端对应的现场设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，光头端和光终端间的通信基于任一PON协议进行通信，所述任一光头端的标识和所述任一光终端的标识为一种无源光网络PON标识，所述PON标识类型包括但不限于吉比特无源光网络封装模式GEM端口标识，以太网无源光网络EPON逻辑链路标识LLID。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一控制器和所述第一光头端间传输的报文为以太报文，以太报文还包括如下至少一个字段，包括目的MAC地址，源MAC地址，以太类型，时间戳，帧校验序列；所述目的MAC地址和所述为所述第一光头端的MAC地址，所述源MAC地址为所述第一控制器的MAC地址。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述任一下行传输帧和所述任一上行传输帧采用GEM帧格式，所述任一下行传输帧所包含的头域和所述任一上行传输帧所包含的头域为GEM帧头域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述任一主站数据单元和所述任一从站数据单元还包括如下至少一个字段，包括数据类型，操作类型，从站操作地址偏移量，净荷长度，报文序号，优先级，报文最后数据单元指示，从站事件，响应错误码等。第一光终端向所述第一现场设备发送所述第一主站数据单元中包含的操作类型和从站操作地址偏移量，或根据所述操作类型和从站操作地址偏移量对所述第一现场设备进行操作或控制。在一种可能的实现方式中，所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型包括如下任一种数据类型，包括周期实时数据，随机访问数据，管理数据，和安全数据；当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为周期实时数据或随机访问数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，写操作，读写操作，广播写操作，和环回测试；当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为管理数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，读响应操作，设置操作，设置响应操作。
第二方面，本申请提供一种基于光通信的设备控制方法，该方法由控制器，光头端，光终端和现场设备配合执行，各设备所执行的方法具体参见第一方面的描述，此处不再赘述。
第三方面，提供了一种光头端，该光头端包括至少一个单元，至少一个单元用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面任一种可选方式所提供的方法。在一种可能的实现方式中，光头端中 的单元通过软件实现，光头端中的单元是程序模块。在一种可能的实现方式中，光头端中的单元通过硬件或固件实现。在一种可能的实现方式中，光头端包括头端业务模块，头端以太模块，头端点到多点模块，头端光模块，可选的，还可以包括控制器模块；其中，头端业务模块用于根据数据单元包含的目的标识，识别业务数据流向，将数据单元转发至控制器，头端以太模块或头端点到多点模块；头端以太模块用于对外提供以太接口，如FE，GE或10GE等，接收并发送以太报文；头端点到多点模块用于接收来自头端业务模块的数据单元，将该数据单元封装为适合在点到多点光通信网络中的下行传输帧，并通过头端光模块发送下行传输帧；头端光模块用于提供光通信接口，完成光信号的发送和接收。第三方面提供的光头端的具体细节可参见上述第一方面，此处不再赘述。
第四方面，提供了一种光终端，该光终端包括至少一个单元，至少一个单元用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面任一种可选方式所提供的方法。在一种可能的实现方式中，光终端中的单元通过软件实现，光终端中的单元是程序模块。在一种可能的实现方式中，光终端中的单元通过硬件或固件实现。在一种可能的实现方式中，光终端包括终端光模块，终端点到多点模块，终端业务模块，可选的还可以包括设备控制模块。其中，终端光模块用于提供光通信接口，完成光信号的发送和接收。光信号可以是单波长，也可以是多波长；终端点到多点模块用于在下行方向，接收并解析下行传输帧，获取数据单元，并将数据单元发送给终端业务模块；终端点到多点模块用于在上行方向，接收来自终端业务模块的从站数据单元，将其封装为上行传输帧，通过终端光模块发送给光头端；终端业务模块还用于在下行方向，解析数据单元，并将数据单元中的业务数据发送给设备控制模块或现场设备；终端业务模块还可以根据数据单元中携带的目的标识，判断目的标识是否为与该光终端连接的现场设备的标识，以确定是否需要处理该数据单元；终端业务模块还用于在上行方向，接收来自设备控制模块或现场设备的业务数据，并将业务数据封装为数据单元，并发给终端点到多点模块模块。第四方面提供的光终端的具体细节可参见上述第一方面，此处不再赘述。
第五方面，提供了另一种光头端，该光头端包括处理器和收发器，该处理器用于执行指令，使得该光头端执行上述第一方面或第二方面所提供的方法，所述收发器用于进行信号或数据的收发。第五方面提供的光头端的具体细节可参见上述第一方面，此处不再赘述。
第六方面，提供了另一种光终端，该光终端包括处理器和收发器，该处理器用于执行指令，使得该光头端执行上述第一方面或第二方面所提供的方法，所述收发器用于进行信号或数据的收发。第六方面提供的光终端的具体细节可参见上述第一方面，此处不再赘述。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质中存储有至少一条指令，该指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所提供的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序指令，当所述计算机程序指令被计算机加载并运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面所提供的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种芯片，包括存储器和处理器，存储器用于存储计算机指令，处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机指令，以执行上述第一方面及其第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
图1为一种工业制造网络架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种基于光通信的设备控制系统架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种基于光通信的设备控制系统架构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种光头端逻辑功能结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种光终端逻辑功能结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种主站报文结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种下行传输帧结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种上行传输帧结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种下行传输帧结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种控制器通过光通信网络控制现场设备的方法流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种现场设备间通过光通信网络进行通信的方法流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种跨PLC的现场设备间通过光通信网络进行通信的方法流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种光头端或光终端的装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
如图1所示，一个工厂内的工业制造网络可以分为三级，工厂级网络，车间级网络和现场级网络。其中，工厂级网络用于在工厂的供应链管理，企业资源规划，仓储管理等系统间进行数据通信；车间级网络用于在一个或多个车间内的多个控制器间进行通信；现场级网络应用于生产现场，现场设备之间，现场设备与控制器间通过现场级网络进行通信。现场级网络中，控制器的典型形态为可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controller，PLC)，可替代地，控制器为PLC之外的其他具备计算处理能力的硬件设备，如运动控制器；控制器还可以被称之为主站或头端；现场设备包括机械手臂，继电器，机床，刀具等，还可以称之为从站或终端。目前有多种应用于现场级网络的现场总线技术，如EtherCAT、POWERLINK等。但POWERLINK的时延较大，大概在ms级别；EtherCAT基于硬件实现报文转发，虽然使得EtherCAT报文经过每个从站的时间较小，但由于主站发送的报文，需要经过所有的从站节点，在从站节点较多的情况下，主站和从站间的通信仍然会存在较大的通信时延。随着制造业的发展，控制器需要对现场设备进行越来越精密、实时和复杂的控制，因此需要一种具备低时延和大带宽的现场总线技术。
如图2所示，本发明提供一种基于光通信的设备控制系统或现场总线架构。图2所示的设备控制系统包括控制器1，现场设备(如图中的现场设备11，现场设备12和现场设备13)，控制器1对应的光头端1和现场设备对应的光终端(如图中所示光终端11，光终端12和光终端13)。光头端和光终端通过光分发网络进行光通信。光终端和现场设备可以是一对一的关系，也可以是一对多的关系，即一个光终端对应多个现场设备。光头端需要记录并管理光终端和现场设备的对应关系。光头端1，多个光终端和光分发网络组成一个点到多点光通信 网络。光分发网络，可以包括光纤、光耦合器、分光器、分路器或其他设备。光分发网络中的设备为无源光器件，具体来说，光分发网络中的设备在传输和分发光信号时不需要电源。以光分路器(Splitter)为例，该光分路器可以通过主干光纤连接到光头端1，并通过多个分支光纤连接到多个光终端，从而实现1个光头端和多个光终端之间的点到多点连接，完成点到多点光分路或合路的功能。分路器可以是一级分路器或多级分路器，分光器也可以为等比或不等比光纤。光分发网络将来自光头端的下行光信号，分为多路光信号，分发至各光终端；将来自多个光终端的上行光信号，合为一路光信号发送至光终端。各光终端发送的携带从站数据单元的上行光信号，经光分发网络合为一路光信号，发送至光头端。本申请中，上行或下行为信号流向的指示，上行指从光终端到光头端，下行指从光头端到光终端。上行或下行光信号包括业务数据。所谓业务数据，包括但不限于用于控制现场设备的信号或指令，查询、采集或现场设备上报的数据等。业务数据被封装在数据单元中，为方便描述和理解，本申请中，将封装控制器发送的业务数据的数据单元称之为主站数据单元，将封装现场设备发送的业务数据的数据单元被称之为从站数据单元。还需要说明的是，图2所示系统中各个设备的名称仅是一个示例，具体实现中各个设备的名称也可能为其他名称，本申请对此不做具体限定，如光头端还可以被称之为光控制器或光主站或光通信设备等，光终端还可以被称之为光从站或光通信设备等。
一种可能的实现方式中，点到多点光通信网络可以是无源光网络(passive optical network，PON)，包括下一代PON(next-generation PON，NG-PON)、NG-PON1、NG-PON2、千兆比特PON(gigabit-capable PON，GPON)、10吉比特每秒PON(10gigabit per second PON，XG-PON)、对称10吉比特无源光网络(10-gigabit-capable symmetric passive optical network，XGS-PON)、以太网PON(Ethernet PON，EPON)、10吉比特每秒EPON(10gigabit per second EPON，10G-EPON)、下一代EPON(next-generation EPON，NG-EPON)、波分复用(wavelength-division multiplexing，WDM)PON、时分波分堆叠复用(time-and wavelength-division multiplexing，TWDM)PON、点对点(point-to-point，P2P)WDM PON(P2P-WDM PON)、异步传输模式PON(asynchronous transfer mode PON，APON)、宽带PON(broadband PON，BPON)，等等，以及25吉比特每秒PON(25 gigabit per second PON，25G-PON)、50吉比特每秒PON(50gigabit per second PON，50G-PON)、100吉比特每秒PON(100gigabit per second PON，100G-PON)、25吉比特每秒EPON(25gigabit per second EPON，25G-EPON)、50吉比特每秒EPON(50gigabit per second EPON，50G-EPON)、100吉比特每秒EPON(100 gigabit per second EPON，100G-EPON)，以及其他速率的GPON、EPON等。点到多点光通信网络为PON网络时，图2中光头端的功能具体可以由光线路终端(optical line terminal，OLT)来实现，光终端的功能具体可以由光网络单元(optical network unit，ONU)或光网络终端(optical network terminal，ONT)来实现；换言之，OLT可以实现光头端的功能，ONT或ONU可以实现光终端的功能。光头端和光终端间采用任一PON通信机制和协议进行通信，例如，光头端为各光终端分配不同的上行时隙，各光终端分别在光头端为其分配的上行时隙发送上行数据或上行传输帧，以保证各光终端发送的上行数据不会在传输过程中发生冲突或干扰，具体的PON通信机制和协议此处不再赘述。
控制器1和光头端1可以分离部署，也可以合一部署。控制器1和光头端1分离部署时，控制器1和光头端1之间的接口可以为以太接口(FE、GE、10GE)或者PCIE接口或其它接 口中的一种；光头端1和控制器1合一部署时，光头端1和控制器1之间的接口为同一个设备内部的软件收发接口。光终端和现场设备可以是分离部署，也可以是合一部署。以光终端11和现场设备11为例，当光终端11和现场设备11分离部署时，光终端11和现场设备11间的接口可以为以太接口(FE、GE、10GE)、SPI接口、伺服电机监控和驱动接口(AD，GPIO，RS422，PWM控制等)等接口中的一种；当光终端11和现场设备11合一部署时，光终端11和现场设备11之间的接口为同一个设备内部的软件收发接口。
图2所示的设备控制系统中还可以包括多组控制器及对应的现场设备。如图3所示，系统中包括2个控制器，控制器1和控制器2分别控制一个或多个现场设备。这种情况下控制器1和控制器2可以通过光头端1和光头端2间的接口进行通信，控制器1所控制的现场设备也可以通过光头端1和光头端2间的接口，与控制器2所控制的现场设备进行通信。
下面，分别对图2或图3中所示的设备或装置进行介绍。
光头端，主要完成业务数据在点到多点光通信网络中的发送和接收。以图4为例，本申请给出一种可能的光头端的逻辑功能结构示意图。光头端400中可能包含如下逻辑功能模块：控制器模块401：如前所述，控制器和光头端可以合一部署，合一部署的情况下，光头端内包括控制器模块，实现对现场设备的逻辑控制编程，还可以将现场设备的计算能力放在此模块实现，以减少对现场设备硬件或软件的性能需求。需要说明的是，本申请涉及控制器的描述，即可以指与光头端合一部署控制器模块401，也可以指与光头端分离部署的控制器。
头端业务模块402：根据数据单元包含的目的标识，识别业务数据流向，将数据单元转发至控制器模块401(或外置控制器)，头端以太模块403或头端点到多点模块404。包括：接收控制器发送的报文，也称之为主站报文，如图6所示，主站报文包括头域和至少一个主站数据单元，如果主站数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是控制器控制的现场设备，则将主站数据单元发给头端点到多点模块404，如果主站数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是其它的控制器或其它控制器控制的现场设备，则将主站数据单元发给头端以太模块403；接收头端点到多点模块404发送的从站数据单元，如果从站数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是控制器，则将从站数据单元发送给控制器，如果从站数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是其它控制器或其它控制器所控制的现场设备，则将从站数据单元发给头端以太模块403；接收头端以太模块403发送的报文，如果报文中数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是控制器，则将数据单元发送给控制器，如果数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点是控制器控制的现场设备，则将数据单元发给头端点到多点模块404。可选的，当控制器所发送的报文中携带多个主站数据单元时，头端业务模块402还需要根据主站数据单元中包含的目的标识，记录多个主站数据单元的顺序；后续收到各现场设备的从站数据单元后，根据现场设备的标识，按照主站数据单元的顺序调整多个从站数据单元的顺序，以使得发给控制器的多个从站数据单元与主站报文中多个主站数据单元的顺序一致。
头端以太模块403：对外提供以太接口，如FE，GE或10GE等，接收并发送以太报文。
头端点到多点模块404：接收来自头端业务模块的数据单元，将该数据单元封装为适合在点到多点光通信网络中的下行传输帧，并通过头端光模块405发送下行传输帧。接收来自现场设备的上行传输帧，将上行传输帧中的数据单元发送到头端业务模块402处理。在一种可能的实现方式中，下行数据帧包括至少一个下行传输子帧，如图7所示，上行传输帧中包括至少一个上行传输子帧，如图8所示；下行或上行传输子帧包括头域和数据单元，其中下行传输子帧的头域中包含目的标识，目的标识取值为光终端的标识，光终端根据头域中光终端的标识，确定是否需要处理下行传输子帧中的数据单元；下行传输子帧和上行传输子帧的帧格式不限，比如，可以采用基于任一种GPON协议的GPON封装模式(GPON encapsulation mode/method，GEM)帧格式。在另一种可能的实现方式中，下行数据帧包括头域和多个数据单元，如图9所示，其中头域中包含的目的标识取值为广播光终端标识，广播光终端标识为一种特定的用于广播场景的光终端的标识。采用图9所示帧结构的情况下，各个光终端根据头域中的目的标识无法识别需要处理哪个数据单元，需要逐个解析数据单元，根据数据单元中的现场设备的标识，确定是否需要处理该数据单元；与图7所示的下行传输帧相比，虽然图9所示的下行传输帧的结构比图7所示的下行传输帧的结构较为简化，但数据安全性较图7的方案较差。
头端光模块405：提供光通信接口，完成光信号的发送和接收。光信号可以是单波长，也可以是多波长。
需要说明的是，如上对光头端功能模块的划分仅是一种可能的实现方式，也可以按照其他的方式对如上所述各模块的功能进行整合划分，如头端业务模块402和头端点到多点模块404可以整合为一个功能模块。
光终端，完成业务数据在点到多点光通信网络中的发送和接收。光终端从接收的下行光信号中提取需要处理的下行传输子帧，并将下行传输子帧中携带的业务数据发送给现场设备；光终端接收现场设备发送的业务数据，将业务数据封装为上行传输子帧，并转化为光信号，通过点到多点光通信网络，发送给光头端。以图5为例，本申请给出一种可能的光头端的逻辑功能结构示意图。光终端500中可能包含如下逻辑功能模块：
终端光模块501：提供光通信接口，完成光信号的发送和接收。光信号可以是单波长，也可以是多波长。
终端点到多点模块502：在下行方向，接收并解析下行传输帧，获取数据单元，并将数据单元发送给终端业务模块503。如果下行传输帧为图7所示的封装格式，则终端业务模块502检查各下行传输子帧的头域中包含的光终端标识是否为本光终端标识，如果是，则将该下行传输子帧包含的数据单元发至终端业务模块503继续处理；如果不是，则终止处理该下行传输子帧。如果下行传输帧为图9所示的封装格式，则终端点到多点模块502逐个解析数据单元，判断数据单元中携带的现场设备的标识是否为该光终端所连接的现场设备的标识，如果是，则将该数据单元发至终端业务模块503继续处理；如果不是，则丢弃该数据单元。上行方向，终端点到多点模块502接收来 自终端业务模块503的从站数据单元，将其封装为上行传输帧，通过终端光模块501发送给光头端。需要说明的是，光头端收到的上行光信号是经过光分发网络合并后的光信号，其中包含多个光终端的上行信号；因此光终端接收到的上行光信号中的上行传输帧，其中包含了多个光终端发送的上行传输子帧，其中每一个上行传输子帧为一个光终端发送的一个上行传输帧。
终端业务模块503：下行方向，解析数据单元，并将数据单元中的业务数据发送给设备控制模块504或现场设备；终端业务模块503还可以根据数据单元中携带的目的标识，判断目的标识是否为与该光终端连接的现场设备的标识，以确定是否需要处理该数据单元。上行方向，接收来自设备控制模块504或现场设备的业务数据，并将业务数据封装为数据单元，并发给终端点到多点模块502模块。需要说明的是，在下行传输帧为图9所示的封装格式时，由于终端点到多点模块502已经对数据单元进行了解析，因此终端点到多点模块502可以直接将下行数据单元中包括的业务数据发给设备控制模块504或现场设备。
设备控制模块504：如前所述，光终端和现场设备可以合一部署，也可以分离部署。当合一部署时，该设备控制模块504可以理解为控制现场设备的模块。需要说明的是，本申请涉及现场设备的描述，即可以指与光终端合一部署的现场设备，也可以指与光终端分离部署的现场设备。
需要说明的是，如上对光终端功能模块的划分仅是一种可能的实现方式，也可以按照其他的方式对如上所述各模块的功能进行整合或划分，如终端业务模块503和终端端点到多点模块502可以整合为一个功能模块。
通过如上对图2和图3所示设备控制系统的介绍，可以看出，由于控制器和现场设备间通过光头端和光终端组成的点到多点光网络进行通信，因此控制器和任一现场设备间的通信无需经过其它现场设备的转发，大大降低了通信时延；而且，光纤通信还可以更好的满足未来工业控制场景(如运动控制，机器视觉等)对大带宽的需求；另外，由于光通信不易受到电磁辐射的影响，还可以避免由电磁辐射导致的误码。
下面，通过图10所示的方法流程图对本申请所提供控制器对现场设备的控制流程进行介绍。图10中所示方法流程适用于图2和图3所示的设备控制系统，图10中控制器，光头端，光终端和现场设备间的组网和连接关系参照图2和图3对应的描述，这里不再赘述。还需要说明的是，虽然图10中仅示出1个光终端和与其连接的现场设备，实际和光头端连接的光终端和现场设备可能不止一个，图10中以一个光终端和现场设备为例，对光终端和现场设备的所执行的方法流程进行描述。
1001：控制器发送用于控制现场设备的控制指令。控制指令封装在如图6所示的主站报文中。主站报文具体可以是基于以太报文格式的报文。表格1列出了主站报文中可能包含的字段。图6中的头域可能包含表格1中的DA，SA和EtherType字段，图6中的任一个主站数据单元对应表格1中的PDUn。
表格1
字段名称 字段解释
Destination Address(DA)/目的地址 报文的目的地址
Source Address(SA)/源地址 发送报文的源地址
EtherType/以太类型 以太类型
PDUn/数据单元 承载业务数据
其中，DA用于标识报文目的节点的地址，在1001消息中，该字段的取值可以为光头端的MAC地址；SA用于标识报文源节点的地址，在1001消息中，该字段的取值可以为控制器的MAC地址；EtherType用于标识上层协议的类型；主站报文至少包括一个PDU单元，PDUn代表其中一个PDU单元，用于承载业务数据，PDU中至少包括源标识、目的标识和业务数据。一种可能的PDU结构如表格2所示：
表格2
Figure PCTCN2022079431-appb-000001
其中，目的标识用于标识该数据单元的目的节点标识，源标识用于标识该数据单元的源站点标识，在1001消息中，该PDU的目的节点标识为现场设备的标识(现场设备的标识也可以称之为从站标识)，源站点标识为控制器的标识(控制器的标识也可以称之为主站标识)；业务数据的内容和格式本申请不进行限定，业务数据可以封装在如表格2所示的净荷中，除净荷外，还可以包括数据类型，操作类型，偏移地址等一个或多个字段。数据类型字段可以指示的数据类型包括，周期实时数据，随机访问数据，管理数据，和安全数据等。当数据类型字段指示的数据类型为周期实时数据或随机访问数据时，操作类型字段所指示的命令类型可以包括，读操作，写操作，读写操作，广播写操作，和环回测试等；当数据类型字段指示的数据类型为管理数据时，操作类型字段所指示的命令类型可以包括，读操作，读响应操作，设置操作，设置响应操作等。表格2中，偏移地址占用12比特，偏移地址用于指示从站需要执行操作的逻辑起始偏移地址，如果需要对全部地址进行操作，则偏移地址可以设置为0。除表格2所示的字段外，数据单元还可以包括其它字段，如表格3所示。
表格3
Figure PCTCN2022079431-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022079431-appb-000003
其中，报文序号字段用于指示主站控制器发送的主站报文的序号，从站在响应消息中携带相同的序号值，这样，主站在接收到从站的业务数据后，就可以根据报文序号知道从站上报的业务数据与哪个主站报文对应。报文优先级字段用于指示报文的优先级。eop_ind字段用于指示该PDU是否为该报文中的最后一个PDU。事件字段和错误码字段一般用于从站向主站上报从站事件和错误类型。在1001主站报文中，PDU中的事件字段和错误码字段可以置为无效值。
1003：光头端在收到主站控制指令后，根据主站报文中PDU所包含的从站标识，确定PDU的目的节点为从站或现场设备，进而将主站报文中的一个或多个PDU封装为适合在点到多点光通信网络中传输的下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送下行传输帧。下行传输帧除了包括一个或多个PDU，还要包括头域部分，头域部分包含光终端的标识，以指示要接收并处理各PDU的光终端。需要说明的是，当点到多点光传输网络为GPON网络时，光终端的标识可以为光终端的GEM端口标识；当点到多点光传输网络为EPON网络是，光终端的标识可以为光终端的逻辑链路标识LLID。一种可能的实现方式中，光头端为每一个PDU生成一个头域部分，每个PDU及其对应的头域部分组成一个下行传输子帧，如图7所示；假设一个PDU中的目标标识或从站标识所对应的现场设备为现场设备1，则该PDU对应的头域中所包含的光终端的标识为光终端1的标识。在另一种可能的实现方式中，下行传输帧中的所有PDU对应同一个头域，如图9所示；这种情况下，下行传输帧的头域中所包含的光终端的标识不再是某一个具体的光终端的标识，而是一个广播光终端标识，比如一个通配标识或一个预设值，该广播光终端标识用于指示每个光终端解析所有的PDU，根据PDU中包含的从站标识和光终端所连接的现场设备的标识，判断应该根据哪个PDU对所连接的从站进行控制。可选的，光头端还可以根据PDU中的目的标识记录主站报文所包含的多个PDU的顺序；后续收到各现场设备的从站数据单元后，根据现场设备的标识，按照主站报文所包含的多个PDU的顺序调整多个从站数据单元的顺序，以使得发给控制器的多个从站数据单元与主站报文中多个主站数据单元的顺序一致。
1005：光终端接收光头端发送的下行传输帧，解析下行传输帧，并将主站控制指令发送给对应的现场设备。当下行传输帧的格式为图7所示的格式时，光终端解析每个下行传输子帧的头域，如果下行传输子帧的头域中所包含的目的标识为该光终端对应的标识，则继续处理该下行传输子帧中的数据单元。当下行传输帧的格式为图9所示的格式是，光终端逐个解 析各PDU，判断PDU中包含的从站标识是否为该光终端所连接的现场设备的标识，如果是，则继续处理该PDU。对于需要继续处理的PDU，光终端将PDU中的业务数据解析出来，并发送给从站标识对应的现场设备。业务数据可能包括的内容参见表格2或表格3的描述。
1007：现场设备根据主站控制指令进行操作后，向光终端返回从站业务数据，从站业务数据可能为表格2或表格3中净荷部分的内容，也可能还包括表格2和表格3中其它字段的的内容，如从站事件、错误码等。
1009：光终端接收从站业务数据，将从站业务数据封装为如图2或图3所示的PDU格式，并进而封装为适合在点到多点光传输网络中传输的上行传输帧，然后通过光信号发送所述上行传输帧。该上行传输帧的帧格式可以采用任一种GPON协议的GPON封装模式(GPON encapsulation mode/method，GEM)帧格式。在一种可能的实现方式中，上行传输帧封装为如图8所示的上行传输帧的格式，为每个PDU生成一个头域。PDU所对应的头域中包含该光终端的标识，以标识该PDU来自哪个光终端。需要说明的是，当点到多点光传输网络为GPON网络时，光终端的标识可以为光终端的GEM端口标识；当点到多点光传输网络为EPON网络是，光终端的标识可以为光终端的逻辑链路标识LLID。PDU中的目的标识为控制设备的标识，PDU中的源标识为PDU中业务数据所对应的现场设备的标识；如果1003下行传输帧所包含的PDU中携带了SN字段，则上行传输帧所包含的PDU中也携带SN字段，且SN字段的取值与下行传输帧所包含的PDU中SN字段的取值相同，用以指示该上行传输的PDU中携带的业务数据对应哪个下行控制指令。需要说明的是，每个从站发送的上行传输帧，经光分发网络合并后，成为光头端收到的上行传输帧中的一个或多个上行传输子帧。
1011：光头端接收上行传输帧，光头端从上行传输帧所包含的一个或多个上行传输子帧中解析并获得从站数据单元PDU；光头端根据PDU中包含的目的标识，将这些PDU发送给控制器。光头端向控制器发送从站数据单元的报文格式，可以采用如表格1所示的报文格式。如果光头端在1004步骤中记录了控制器所发送的主站数据单元的顺序，则光头端还可以根据从站数据单元中包含的源标识，对从站数据单元进行排序，以使得上报给控制器的从站数据单元的顺序与控制器下发的主站数据单元的顺序一致。控制器接收到从站业务数据后，对从站业务数据进行解析，并进行后续处理。
如上，介绍了控制器通过点到多点光通信网络对从站进行控制的方法流程。需要说明的是表格1-3所示的数据格式和字段名称仅为示例，字段名称，各字段的长度和各字段的相对位置关系等都可以根据实际的需求进行变更，如表格2和表格3中，数据类型，操作类型和偏移地址等字段还可以封装在净荷中。
本申请所提供的基于光通信的设备控制系统，控制器不仅可以通过点到多点光通信网络与该控制器所控制或管理的从站进行通信，同一个控制器所管理的多个从站间还可以进行通信。如图11所示，现场设备11还可以通过点到多点光通信网络向现场设备12发送数据。
1101：现场设备11将业务数据发送给光终端11。
1103：光终端11将从站11业务数据封装为如图2或图3所示的PDU格式，并进而封装为适合在点到多点光传输网络中传输的上行传输帧，然后通过光信号发送所述上行传输帧。封装从站11业务数据的PDU中，目的标识为现场设备12的标识。上行传输帧的格式如图10所述实施例的描述，这里不再赘述。
1105：光头端接收到上行传输帧，根据PDU中的目的标识，确定该PDU的目的接收方为 现场设备12，则将PDU封装为适合如图8或图9所示的下行传输帧，下行传输帧的头域中包含光终端12的标识。下行传输帧的格式如图10所述实施例的描述，这里不再赘述。
1107：光终端12接收下行传输帧后，对下行传输帧进行解析，并将其中包含的业务数据发送给现场设备12。光终端12所执行的方法具体可以参见1005步骤，这里不再赘述。
当存在多个控制器时，如图3所示，多个控制器间还可以通过光头端的头端以太模块进行通信。如控制器1可以通过光头端1发送报文给控制器2，这种情况下，控制器1发送的主站数据单元的目的标识所标识的目的节点为控制器2。光头端1判断目的标识所标识的目的节点为控制器2，则将主站数据单元通过以太接口发送给光头端2；光头端2根据数据单元中的目的标识，将接收到的数据单元，即控制器1发送的主站数据单元，发送给控制器2。
由于光头端具备以太通信接口，不仅同一个控制器所管理的多个现场设备可以互相通信，不同控制器所管理的现场设备间也可以互相通信。如图12所示，现场设备11可以发送消息或业务数据给现场设备21。现场设备11和现场设备21的组网关系如图3所示。
1201：现场设备11发送从站业务数据给光终端11。
1203：光终端11将现场设备11的从站业务数据封装为上行数据帧，上行数据帧中包含PDU，PDU中携带的目的标识为现场设备21的标识。
1205：光头端1接收到光终端11发送的上行数据帧，通过解析上行数据帧中所包含的PDU，确定PDU中携带的目的标识并不是控制器1的标识，也不是控制器1所管理的任一现场设备的标识，因此将该PDU通过头端以太模块发送给其它光头端。可选的，现场设备的标识遵从一定的编号规则，光头端1可以根据现场设备21的标识识别出现场设备21为控制器2所管理的现场设备，因此光头端1可以将PDU发送给光头端2；一种可能的实现方式中，现场设备标识的部分比特包含控制器的标识，光头端可以通过解析现场设备的标识，确定控制或管理该现场设备的控制器的标识。
1207：光头端2接收到光头端1发送的以太报文，通过解析其中PDU的目的标识，确定该PDU的目的接收方为现场设备21。光头端2将PDU封装为下行传输帧，发送给光终端21。
1209：光终端21解析下行传输帧，并将PDU中包含的业务数据发送给现场设备21。
可见，由于点到多点光通信网络天然具备的低时延，高带宽，低抖动等特点，本申请所提供的基于光通信的工业控制系统，控制器和现场设备间的通信，现场设备和现场设备间的通信也都具备低时延，高带宽和低抖动等特点。
本申请还提供一种设备1300。设备1300具体可以用于实现本申请实施例中光头端或光终端的功能。如图13所示，该设备包括处理器1301和收发器1303，处理器1301和收发器1303通过线路相互连接。
处理器1301可以采用通用的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，微处理器，应用专用集成电路ASIC，或者至少一个集成电路，用于执行相关程序，以实现本发明实施例所提供的技术方案。处理器可以独立具备PON相关协议媒体访问控制(medium access control，MAC)的功能，也可以通过外置的芯片来实现PON协议MAC功能，以实现光头端和光终端间的通信。设备1300可以包括多个处理器，每个处理器可以包括一个或多个CPU。处理器1301具体负责执行本申请中光头端或光终端相关的方法，并通过收发器1303与光头端或光终端通信。当设备1300用于实现光头端的功能时，处理器1301可以对应图4中的头端业务模块402和头端点到多点模块404；当设备1300用于实现光终端的功能时，处理器1301可以对应图5 中的终端点到多点模块502和终端业务模块503。
收发器1303用于执行上述各实施例中上行和下行数据帧收发功能。收发器1303包括光发射器和/或光接收器。光发射器可以用于发送光信号，光接收器可以用于接收光信号。光发射器可以通过发光器件，例如气体激光器、固体激光器、液体激光器、半导体激光器、直调激光器等实现。光接收器可以通过光检测器，例如光电检波器或者光电二极管(如雪崩二极管)等实现。收发器1303还可以包括数模转换器和模数转换器。收发器1303还可以包括波分复用器，用于实现不同波长光信号的复用和解复用。当设备1300用于实现光头端的功能时，收发器1303可以对应图4中的头端光模块405；当设备1300用于实现光终端的功能时，收发器1303可以对应图5中的终端光模块501。
可选的，设备1300还可以包括存储器1302，存储器1302用于存储程序指令和数据。存储器可以是只读存储器(Read Only Memory，ROM)，静态存储设备，动态存储设备或者随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)。在通过软件或者固件来实现本发明实施例提供的技术方案时，用于实现本发明实施例提供的技术方案的程序代码保存在存储器1302中，并由处理器1301来执行。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理器1301内部可以包括存储器1302。在另一种可能的实现方式中，处理器1301和存储器1302是两个独立的结构。
当设备1300用于实现光头端的功能时，设备1300还可以包括其它一个或多个通信接口1304，如包括和控制器通信的通信接口和与其它光头端通信的以太通信接口等。当设备1300用于实现光终端的功能时，设备1300也可以包括其它一个或多个通信接口1304，比如，当光终端和现场设备分离部署时，光终端通过通信接口1304与现场设备通信。
还需要说明的是，本申请所提供的系统、方法和装置，不仅可以应用于工业控制领域，还可以应用于任何设备控制场景，任一控制器或服务器都可以通过本申请所提供的系统和方法来实现对设备的操作和控制，同样都可以获得由光通信带来的低时延和高带宽的有益效果。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种设备控制方法，其特征在于，
    第一光头端获取来自第一控制器的第一主站报文，所述第一主站报文包括第一主站数据单元，所述第一主站数据单元包括目的标识和第一业务数据，所述第一主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第一现场设备的标识，所述第一现场设备为所述第一控制器控制的现场设备，所述第一主站数据单元包括目的标识用于标识所述第一业务数据的目的接收方；
    所述第一光头端根据所述第一主站数据单元所包含的目的标识确定与所述第一现场设备连接的第一光终端；
    所述第一光头端构造第一下行传输帧，并通过光信号向所述第一光终端发送所述第一下行传输帧，所述第一下行传输帧包括所述第一主站数据单元和与所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域，所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，所述第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识用于指示所述第一光终端对所述第一主站数据单元进行处理。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一主站报文还包括第二主站数据单元，所述第二主站数据单元包括目的标识和第二业务数据，所述第二主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第二现场设备的标识，所述第二现场设备为所述第一控制器控制的现场设备，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端根据所述第二主站数据单元所包含的目的标识确定与所述第二现场设备连接的第二光终端；
    所述第一光头端构造并发送的第一下行传输帧中还包括所述第二主站数据单元和所述第二主站数据单元对应的头域，所述第二主站数据单元对应的头域包括所述第二光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，所述第二光终端的标识或广播光终端标识用于指示所述第二光终端处理所述第二主站数据单元。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述第二主站数据单元与所述第一主站数据单元对应同一个头域时，所述头域中包括的标识为广播光终端标识；
    当所述第二主站数据单元与所述第一主站数据单元分别对应不同的头域时，所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括的标识为所述第一光终端的标识，所述第二主站数据单元对应的头域包括的标识为所述第二光终端的标识。
  4. 如权利要求2-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一光头端发送所述第一下行传输帧后，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端接收第一上行传输帧，所述第一上行传输帧包括所述第一上行传输子帧，所述第一上行传输子帧包括头域和第一从站数据单元，所述第一上行传输子帧的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识，所述第一从站数据单元包括所述第一现场设备的业务数据和源标识，所述第一从站数据单元的源标识为所述第一现场设备的标识。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一光头端接收的所述第一上行传输帧中，还包括第二上行传输子帧，所述第二上行传输子帧包括头域和第二从站数据单元，所述 第二上行传输子帧的头域包括所述第二光终端的标识，所述第二从站数据单元包括所述第二现场设备的业务数据和源标识，所述第二从站数据单元的源标识为所述第二现场设备的标识。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一从站数据单元还包括目的标识，所述方法还包括，所述第一光头端根据所述第一从站数据单元包含的目的标识，确定转发所述第一从站数据单元的路径。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一光头端根据所述第一从站数据单元包含的目的标识，确定转发路径，具体包括，
    当所述第一从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为所述第一控制器的标识，所述第一光头端将所述第一从站数据单元发送给所述第一控制器；或
    当所述第一从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为所述第二现场设备的标识，所述第一光头端基于所述第一从站数据单元构造第二下行传输帧，所述第二下行传输帧包括所述第一从站数据单元。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端获取所述第一控制器发送的第二主站报文，所述第二主站报文包括第三主站数据单元，所述第三主站数据单元包括目的标识和第三业务数据，所述第三主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第二控制器的标识；
    所述第一光头端根据所述第二控制器的标识，确定与所述第二控制器对应的所述第二光头端的MAC地址；
    所述第一光头端基于所述第二光头端的MAC地址，向所述第二光头端发送所述第三主站数据单元。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端，接收第二上行传输帧，所述第二上行传输帧包括第三上行传输子帧，所述第三上行传输子帧包括头域和第三从站数据单元，所述第三上行传输子帧的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识，所述第三从站数据单元包括所述第一现场设备的业务数据，源标识和目的标识，所述第三从站数据单元的源标识为所述第一现场设备的标识，所述第三从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第三现场设备的标识，所述第三现场设备为所述第二控制器控制的现场设备；
    所述第一光头端，根据所述第三从站数据单元所包含的目的标识，确定与所述第二控制器对应的所述第二光头端的MAC地址；基于所述第二光头端的MAC地址，向所述第二光头端发送所述第三从站数据单元。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端，接收来自所述第二光头端的数据单元，根据所述来自第二光头端的数据单元中的目的标识，确定转发路径：
    当目的标识为所述第一控制器的标识时，所述第一光头端将来自第二光头端的数据单元发送给所述第一控制器；
    当目的标识为所述第一控制器所控制的任一现场设备的标识时，所述第一光头端构造第三下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送所述第三下行传输帧；所述第三下行传输帧包括所述来自第二光头端的数据单元。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光头端，接收所述第一控制器发送的第三主站报文，所述第三主站报文包括第四主站数据单元，所述第四主站数据单元包括目的标识和第四业务数据，所述第四主站数据单元包含的目的标识为广播从站标识，所述广播从站标识用于标识所述第四主站数据单元的目的接收方为所述第一控制器控制的所有现场设备；
    所述第一光头端，根据所述第四主站数据单元，构造第四下行传输帧，并通过光信号发送所述第四下行传输帧，所述第四下行传输帧包括头域和所述第四主站数据单元，所述头域包括广播光终端标识，所述广播光终端标识用于标识所述第四主站数据单元的目的接收方为所述第一光头端连接的所有光终端。
  12. 如权利要求1-11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一光头端为光线路终端(optical line terminal，OLT)，所述任一光终端为光网络单元(optical network unit，ONU)或光网络终端(optical network terminal，ONT)；所述任一光头端的标识和所述任一光终端的标识为一种无源光网络PON标识，所述PON标识类型包括但不限于吉比特无源光网络封装模式GEM端口标识，以太网无源光网络EPON逻辑链路标识LLID。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一下行传输帧和所述任一上行传输帧采用GEM帧格式，所述任一下行传输帧所包含的头域和所述任一上行传输帧所包含的头域为GEM帧头域。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一控制器和所述第一光头端间传输的报文还包括如下至少一个字段，包括目的MAC地址，源MAC地址，以太类型，时间戳，帧校验序列；
    在所述第一光头端接收的任一主站报文中，所述目的MAC地址为所述第一光头端的MAC地址，所述源MAC地址为所述第一控制器的MAC地址；
    在所述第一光头端向所述第一控制器发送的报文中，所述目的MAC地址为所述第一控制器的MAC地址，所述源MAC地址为所述第一光头端的MAC地址。
  15. 如权利要求1-14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一主站数据单元和所述任一从站数据单元还包括如下至少一个字段，包括数据类型，操作类型，从站操作地址偏移量，净荷长度，报文序号，优先级，报文最后数据单元指示，从站事件，响应错误码等。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型包括如下任一种数据类型，包括周期实时数据，随机访问数据，管理数据，和安全数据；
    当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为周期实时数据或随机访问数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，写操作，读写操作，广播写操作，和环回测试；
    当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为管理数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，读响应操作，设置操作，设置响应操作。
  17. 一种设备控制方法，其特征在于，
    第一光终端，接收来自第一光头端的下行光信号，所述下行光信号包括第一下行传输帧，所述第一下行传输帧包括第一主站数据单元和与所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域，所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，所述第一主站数据单元包括目的标识和第一业务数据，所述第一主站数据单元所包含的目的标识为第一现场 设备的标识，所述第一光终端与所述第一现场设备连接；
    所述第一光终端，根据所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域所包含的所述第一光终端的标识或广播光终端标识，确定所述第一主站数据单元为待处理数据单元；
    所述第一光终端，根据所述第一主站数据单元中所包含的所述第一现场设备的标识，向所述第一现场设备发送所述第一业务数据，或根据所述第一业务数据对所述第一现场设备进行操作或控制。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一主站数据单元对应的头域包括广播光终端标识时，所述方法还包括，所述第一光终端根据所述第一主站数据单元包括的目的标识确定所述第一主站数据单元为待处理数据单元。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括，
    所述第一光终端，获取所述第一现场设备的业务数据，并将所述第一现场设备的业务数据封装为第一上行传输子帧，所述第一上行传输子帧包括头域和第一从站数据单元，所述第一上行传输子帧的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识，所述第一从站数据单元包括所述第一现场设备的业务数据和源标识，所述第一从站数据单元的源标识为所述第一现场设备的标识；并通过光信号向所述第一光头端发送所述第一上行传输子帧。
  20. 如权利要求17-19任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括
    所述第一光终端，将所述第一现场设备的业务数据封装为第三上行传输子帧，所述第三上行传输子帧包括头域和第三从站数据单元，所述第三上行传输子帧的头域包括所述第一光终端的标识，所述第三从站数据单元包括所述第一现场设备的业务数据，源标识和目的标识，所述第三从站数据单元的源标识为所述第一现场设备的标识，所述第三从站数据单元所包含的目的标识为其它现场设备的标识；
    所述第一光终端，通过光信号向所述第一光头端发送所述第三上行传输子帧。
  21. 如权利要求17-20任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一光头端为OLT，所述任一光终端为ONU或ONT；所述第一光头端的标识和所述第一光终端的标识为一种无源光网络PON标识，所述PON标识类型包括但不限于吉比特无源光网络封装模式GEM端口标识，以太网无源光网络EPON逻辑链路标识LLID。
  22. 如权利要求17-21任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一下行传输帧和所述任一上行传输帧采用GEM帧格式，所述任一下行传输帧所包含的头域和所述任一上行传输帧所包含的头域为GEM帧头域。
  23. 如权利要求17-22任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述任一主站数据单元和所述任一从站数据单元还包括如下至少一个字段，包括数据类型，操作类型，从站操作地址偏移量，净荷长度，报文序号，优先级，报文最后数据单元指示，从站事件，响应错误码等。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一光终端向所述第一现场设备发送所述第一业务数据，或根据所述第一业务数据对所述第一现场设备进行操作或控制，具体包括，
    所述第一光终端向所述第一现场设备发送所述第一主站数据单元中包含的操作类型和从站操作地址偏移量，或根据所述操作类型和从站操作地址偏移量对所述第一现场设备进行操作或控制。
  25. 如权利要求23或24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型包 括如下任一种数据类型，包括周期实时数据，随机访问数据，管理数据，和安全数据；
    当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为周期实时数据或随机访问数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，写操作，读写操作，广播写操作，和环回测试；
    当所述数据类型字段指示的数据类型为管理数据时，所述操作类型字段所指示的命令类型为如下任一种类型，包括读操作，读响应操作，设置操作，设置响应操作。
  26. 一种用于设备控制的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器和收发器，其中，
    所述收发器，用于进行光信号的收发；
    所述处理器，用于执行指令，当所述指令被执行时，所述装置作为第一光头端执行如权利要求1-16中任意一项所述的方法。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于提供以太通信接口。
  28. 一种用于设备控制的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理器和收发器，其中，
    所述收发器，用于进行光信号的收发；
    所述处理器，用于执行指令，当所述指令被执行时，所述装置作为第一光终端执行如权利要求17-25中任意一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种设备控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括如权利要求26或27所述的装置和控制器，所述控制器通过所述装置对设备进行控制。
  30. 一种设备控制系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括如权利要求28所述的装置和设备，所述设备通过所述装置接收控制指令并上报业务数据。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序指令，当所述计算机程序指令被计算机加载并运行时，使得所述计算机执行权利要求1至权利要求25中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/079431 2021-04-19 2022-03-04 一种基于光通信的设备控制系统、方法和装置 WO2022222621A1 (zh)

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