WO2022222481A1 - 一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置 - Google Patents

一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222481A1
WO2022222481A1 PCT/CN2021/134877 CN2021134877W WO2022222481A1 WO 2022222481 A1 WO2022222481 A1 WO 2022222481A1 CN 2021134877 W CN2021134877 W CN 2021134877W WO 2022222481 A1 WO2022222481 A1 WO 2022222481A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lamp body
wavelength
ultraviolet sterilization
light
disinfection device
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PCT/CN2021/134877
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓鑫
熊强
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深圳爱梦科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/134877 priority Critical patent/WO2022222481A1/zh
Publication of WO2022222481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222481A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/38—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
    • H01J61/40—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by light filters; by coloured coatings in or on the envelope
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of ultraviolet disinfection, and in particular, to an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device.
  • the existing 222nm UV disinfection lamps that are safe for human body generally realize single-sided safe (safe to human body) UV output by adding filters.
  • a common ultraviolet disinfection lamp (as shown in Figure 1) uses an ultraviolet-grade quartz lens as the light-emitting window, and an optical filter film is coated on the window. Through this window, 222nm light is allowed to pass through the window. , used to kill bacteria and viruses around the UV lamp, and other associated UV wavelengths (harmful rays in the range of (230, 270) nm) are reflected back by the optical film of the window, relying on multiple reflections and absorption of light, associated with The harmful ultraviolet rays are finally almost completely absorbed, ensuring the safety of the ultraviolet lamp to the human body.
  • the filtering effect of this scheme on harmful light only has a significant effect on components with a small incident angle, and has a poor effect on harmful light incident at a large angle, and there are hidden dangers.
  • the scheme adopts a single-sided plane output window, and the effective disinfection range of the disinfection lamp is small.
  • Another common UV disinfection lamp (as shown in Figure 2) directly deposits an optical film in one direction of the lamp tube. Only in a small area in a specific direction of the cylindrical surface of the lamp tube, the film layer has uniformity, that is, the entire The disinfection lamp is only coated with a uniform and reliable optical film in one direction.
  • the safe light-emitting area of the lamp is very small. The light emitted from other positions of the light-emitting tube contains light bands that are harmful to the human body and cannot be used in the presence of people.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device to solve or alleviate the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
  • the application provides an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, comprising: a lamp body and a filter; the lamp body and the filter are both cylindrical, and the filter is coaxially sleeved on the lamp body
  • the outer side wall of the filter is fully coated with an optical filter film along the circumferential direction 360°, so that the light of the first wavelength emitted by the lamp body can pass through and isolate and absorb the second wavelength emitted by the lamp body. the associated light; both ends of the lamp body and the filter are fixed by the lamp cap.
  • the first wavelength is (200, 230) nm; correspondingly, the second wavelength is (230, 270) nm.
  • the peak center wavelength of the first wavelength is 222 nm.
  • the lamp body includes: an inner tube and an outer tube; both the inner tube and the outer tube are hollow cylindrical structures, the inner tube is coaxially sleeved in the outer tube, and the inner tube is A closed annular cavity is formed between it and the outer tube, and the annular cavity is filled with working gas; the inner side of the inner tube is provided with an inner electrode metal sheet, and the outer side wall of the outer tube is coaxially sleeved There is an outer electrode metal mesh, and a high voltage discharge can be performed between the inner electrode metal sheet and the outer electrode metal mesh to perform excimer luminescence.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical filter is 80 mm, the height is 150 mm, and the thickness is 2 mm; the diameter of the inner tube is 20 mm, and the diameter of the outer tube is 40 mm; the inner tube and the outer tube have a diameter of 20 mm.
  • the tubes are all 2mm thick and 120mm long.
  • the power of the second wavelength accounts for less than 5 ⁇ of the total light output power of the lamp body.
  • the working gas is krypton chloride.
  • the filter is made of quartz.
  • the material of the optical filter film is hafnium dioxide and silicon dioxide.
  • the end face of the lamp cap is provided with a columnar step and an installation groove; the outer side wall of the columnar step is adapted to the inner wall of the filter; the installation groove is adapted to the lamp body , to fix the lamp body.
  • the outer side wall of the filter is fully coated with optical filter film along the circumferential direction 360°, which can effectively increase the first light emitted by the lamp body.
  • the transmittance of the wavelength of light can achieve a 360° wide range of ultraviolet light output of the first wavelength that is safe for the human body, improve the spatial operating range and power of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, reduce the loss of the first wavelength light, and greatly improve the
  • the use efficiency of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device is improved; the secondary light of the second wavelength emitted by the lamp body is isolated and absorbed by the optical filter film, which effectively reduces the secondary light of the second wavelength harmful to the human body.
  • Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of a kind of existing common ultraviolet disinfection lamp
  • Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram of another kind of existing common ultraviolet disinfection lamp
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the partial view of the place A in the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3;
  • 5 is a spectrogram with a center wavelength of 222 nm provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph of filter coating transmittance curves under different angles provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a simulation distribution diagram of normalized intensity under different incident angles of an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a simulation diagram of energy distribution under different exit angles of an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a top view of the coating device shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the coating apparatus shown in FIG. 9 .
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components; for Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
  • the lamp body 301 is described by taking an excimer lamp as a specific embodiment, and other than that, an LED lamp, a laser lamp, etc. can also be used.
  • an excimer is a diatomic molecule in an excited state, and there is no stable ground state.
  • an excimer exists for a nanosecond order, and then transitions back to a state with a lower energy by means of spontaneous radiation. Photons are radiated and decomposed into atoms at the same time.
  • the radiated light of the excimer lamp light on the longer wavelength side than the central wavelength and light on the short wavelength side from the central wavelength are radiated together with the central wavelength light.
  • an ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device with an emission center wavelength of 222 nm emits light (harmful light) that is harmful to the human body in the wavelength region (230 nm, 300 nm). Therefore, when excimer lamps are used in sterilization, treatment and other scenarios, it is necessary to block these harmful lights that will negatively affect the human body.
  • Band-pass filters are usually used to block these harmful lights; however, according to the characteristics of band-pass filters, it is difficult to block harmful lights with large incident angles.
  • the intensity of wavelengths greater than 230 nm is less than 2% of the normalized intensity of the central wavelength of 222 nm (excluding a small peak at 258 nm, the peak intensity at 258 nm is about 3.6% at 222nm, the 3dB bandwidth is about 1.5nm), the intensity at wavelengths above 260nm is reduced to less than 1% of the normalized intensity of the center wavelength, and the intensity at 275nm to 300nm is less than 1 ⁇ of the normalized intensity of the center wavelength; Therefore, the energy of harmful light (230-300nm) is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the small peak at 258nm.
  • the incident angle is 0°, that is, in the case of vertical incidence, light in the wavelength region of about 220 nm can be transmitted, and harmful light in the wavelength region of (230 nm, 300 nm) is blocked.
  • the incident angle is 20°
  • the harmful light in the wavelength region 230nm, 295nm
  • the part above 295nm can be transmitted, but the actual luminous intensity of the wavelength above 295nm is very weak, (the luminous intensity here is less than the center 1 ⁇ of the wavelength), which can be basically ignored in use.
  • the incident angle is 40°
  • the harmful light in the wavelength region 230nm, 278nm
  • the part above 278nm can be transmitted, but the luminous intensity of the wavelength above 278nm is less than 1 ⁇ of the central wavelength, which is actually very weak. can be basically ignored.
  • the incident angle is 60°
  • the harmful light in the wavelength region (230nm, 258nm) is blocked, the part above 258nm can be transmitted, and the luminous intensity at 258nm is about 3.6% of the central wavelength, which cannot be simply ignored. It can be seen that with the increase of the incident angle, the wavelength region of the transmitted light shifts to the short wavelength side, and the transmission of harmful light increases accordingly.
  • the dimensions of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device are as follows: the diameter of the cylindrical filter is 80 mm, the height: 150 mm, and the thickness of 2 mm; the inner tube 321 of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device is 20 mm in diameter, the outer The thickness of the outer tube 311 is 2 mm, and the length of the lamp tube is 120 mm.
  • the luminescence spectrum of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device is shown in Figure 5, the normalized intensity and energy under different incident angles of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device are shown in Figures 7 and 8 respectively, and the total luminous power of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device is 5W , it can be seen that in the light emitted by the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, the power of the second wavelength harmful to the human body accounts for less than 5 ⁇ of the total light output power of the lamp body 301 .
  • the spectral components of the outgoing light are further simulated and calculated, and the total outgoing power of the light in the wavelength region (200nm, 230nm) is 1.481W, the total outgoing power of the light in the wavelength region (230nm, 300nm) is 0.006253W, and the power loss is 3.512W; the total output power of harmful light accounts for 0.42% of the total output power of light.
  • the outer sidewall of the filter is fully coated with an optical filter film along the circumferential direction 360°, so that the light of the first wavelength emitted by the lamp body 301 is transmitted through and the second wavelength emitted by the lamp body 301 is isolated and absorbed.
  • the associated light of the wavelength realizes a 360° wide range of ultraviolet light output of the first wavelength that is safe for the human body, improves the spatial operation range of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, reduces the loss of the first wavelength light, and greatly improves the ultraviolet disinfection and disinfection device. usage efficiency.
  • the optical filter film isolates and absorbs the secondary light of the second wavelength emitted by the lamp body 301, the secondary light of the second wavelength that is harmful to the human body is effectively reduced.
  • the optical filter is made of quartz material.
  • the optical filter is a columnar quartz tube, and the outer sidewall of the quartz tube is fully coated with an optical filter film along the circumferential direction of 360°.
  • the transmittance of the optical coating of the quartz tube is related to the incident angle of the light. With the increase of the incident angle, the transmittance curve shifts to the short-wave direction, and the wavelength cutoff of the light gradually deteriorates.
  • the purity of the coating material of the optical filter film of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device can be improved, so that the cut-off range of the transmitted light can be increased; on the other hand, a coaxial optical coating can be added outside the lamp body 301
  • the quartz lamp tube 302 reduces the incident angle of the light incident on the quartz lamp tube 302, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting off harmful associated light.
  • the quartz lamp tube 302 is designed as a cylindrical structure, and an optical filter film is fully coated along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall 360° to form a cylindrical filter structure, so that the incident angle of the light emitted by the lamp body 301 follows the quartz lamp tube 302. It varies with the structural ratio of the lamp body 301 .
  • the first wavelength is (200, 230) nm; correspondingly, the second wavelength is (230, 270) nm.
  • the peak center wavelength of the first wavelength is 222 nm.
  • the 222nm (wavelength range (200, 230) nm, center wavelength 222nm) human-safe ultraviolet wavelength obtained by the lamp body 301 and the quartz tube 302 coating and filtering can effectively kill bacteria and viruses in the surrounding space, 222nm Ultraviolet wavelength, without causing any damage to the human body, it can work in a human environment.
  • the entire cylindrical surface of the quartz lamp 302 realizes a 360° wide range of human-safe 222nm ultraviolet output, which improves the spatial operating range of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device, reduces the loss of 222nm light, and greatly improves the use of the ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection device. efficiency.
  • the manufacturing cost of the ultraviolet disinfection lamp is greatly reduced.
  • the lamp body 301 includes: an inner tube 321 and an outer tube 311; both the inner tube 321 and the outer tube 311 are hollow cylindrical structures, the inner tube 321 is coaxially sleeved inside the outer tube 311, and the inner tube A closed annular cavity is formed between 321 and the outer tube 311, and the annular cavity is filled with working gas; specifically, the working gas is krypton chloride.
  • the inner side of the inner tube 321 is provided with an inner electrode metal sheet 331 , and the outer side wall of the outer tube 311 is coaxially sleeved with an outer electrode metal mesh 341 . Molecules glow.
  • the inner electrode metal sheet 331 can be made of aluminum and other materials to form a cylindrical structure, the outer side wall of the cylindrical structure is close to the inner side wall of the inner tube 321, and the outer electrode metal mesh 341 can be made of stainless steel and other materials to form a mesh structure.
  • the outer electrode metal mesh 341 covers the outer sidewall of the outer hollow cylinder.
  • the inner electrode metal sheet 331 and the outer electrode metal mesh 341 are respectively connected to a high-frequency power supply, and a high-frequency voltage is applied between the inner electrode metal sheet 331 and the outer electrode metal mesh 341 through the high-frequency power supply, so that the annular Excimer discharge is generated in the cavity, and excimer light is emitted.
  • the end face of the lamp head 303 is provided with a column-shaped step and an installation groove; the outer side wall of the column-shaped step is adapted to the inner side wall of the optical filter; the installation groove is adapted to the lamp body 301 for fixed installation Lamp body 301 .
  • the columnar step on the lamp cap 303 is coaxial with the installation groove, and the outer sidewall of the columnar step is tightly fitted with the inner sidewall of the quartz lamp tube 302; the lamp body 301 is inserted into the installation groove.
  • a wire hole 313 is provided on the lamp holder 303 at one end along the axial direction, and the high frequency connection wire of the inner electrode metal sheet 331 and the outer electrode metal mesh 341 is passed through the wire hole 313 and connected to the high frequency voltage.
  • the materials of the optical filter film are hafnium dioxide (H f O 2 ) and silicon dioxide ( Si O 2 ). Therefore, using 222nm transparent optical coating materials (hafnium dioxide (H f O 2 ) and silicon dioxide (Si O 2 )), the optical filter film is designed as a narrow light band filter film, so that the lamp body 301 emits light. The 222nm light can pass through, and the harmful accompanying light of (230, 270)nm is isolated.
  • the conventional coating umbrella 901 is used for coating, and the substrate holder 902 is used to rotate, which can only ensure that the plane or nearly plane surface is coated with the optical film layer.
  • the optical coating process of workpiece disk rotation and lamp tube rotation is adopted. During the coating process, a quartz lamp is placed. While the substrate of the tube 302 is rotating, the quartz lamp tube 302 itself is also rotating around the central axis, which ensures that the film layer is evenly deposited on the wall surface of the lamp tube cylinder. The optical film layer that meets the design requirements is manufactured.
  • the coating device for coating the quartz lamp 302 includes: a coating umbrella 901 and a plurality of substrate frames 902 , and the plurality of substrate frames 902 are used for coating
  • the axis of the umbrella 901 is the center line, and is evenly arranged on the edge of the coating umbrella 901 along the circumferential direction of the coating umbrella 901, and can be rotated circumferentially along the axis of the coating umbrella 901, and the axis of each substrate holder 902 is along the coating umbrella 901.
  • the quartz lamp tube 302 is rotatably mounted on the substrate holder 902 and can rotate along the axis of the substrate holder 902 .
  • the coating umbrella 901 is a conical structure, and each substrate holder 902 is located on the conical surface of the conical structure.
  • the substrate holder 902 is provided with a rotating shaft 904, and the quartz lamp 302 is detachably mounted on the rotating shaft 904, and rotates as the coating umbrella 901 rotates.
  • the rotating shaft 904 is provided with a transmission wheel
  • the coating device may further include: a circular guide rail 903 located under the coating umbrella 901 . With the rotation of the coating umbrella 901, the transmission wheel slides on the circular guide rail 903, driving the rotating shaft 904 to rotate, and then driving the quartz lamp 302 to rotate along the axis of the substrate holder 902 (the axis of the rotating shaft 904).
  • the quartz lamp 302 itself is also rotating around the axis of the rotating shaft 904, which ensures that the film can be uniformly deposited on the quartz lamp 302 On the side of the cylinder, the coating operation is completed.

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Abstract

一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置，包括：灯体（301）和滤光片；所述灯体（301）和所述滤光片均为圆柱状，且所述滤光片同轴套设在所述灯体（301）的外侧，所述滤光片的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，以使所述灯体（301）发出的第一波长的光线透过并隔离吸收所述灯体（301）发出的第二波长的伴生光；所述灯体（301）和所述滤光片的两端通过灯头（303）固定。籍此，实现360°大范围的对人体安全的第一波长的紫外光线输出，有效减少了对人体有害的第二波长的伴生光，提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的空间作业范围，减少了第一波长光线的损耗，大大提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的使用效率。

Description

一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置 技术领域
本申请涉及紫外线消毒技术领域，特别涉及一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置。
背景技术
通过222nm的远紫外光波杀灭细菌病毒，包括新型冠状病毒、人猪流感(H1N1)、冠状病毒alpha HCoV-229E和beta HCoV-OC43等，已经在实验室得到验证；同时，由于人体皮肤表面的角质层和眼睛最外的泪液层可以吸收远紫外辐射，从而使其无法进入人体，进而避免了活体细胞受到伤害，因此，该波长对于人体来说是高度安全的。
目前，市面上现有的222nm的对人体安全的紫外消毒灯，普遍通过加装滤光片实现单面安全(对人体安全)紫外线输出。比如，一种常见的紫外消毒灯(如图1所示)，采用紫外级的石英镜片作为出光窗口，将光学滤光膜镀制在该窗口上，通过这个窗口，容许222nm的光透过窗口，用来杀除紫外灯周围的细菌、病毒，其它伴生的紫外线波长((230，270)nm范围内的有害光线)被该窗口的光学薄膜反射回去，依靠光的多次反射、吸收，伴生的有害紫外线最后几乎被完全吸收，保证紫外灯对人体的安全。该方案对有害光线的滤除效果仅对入射角度较小的成分有明显作用，对于以大角度入射的有害光效果不佳，存在隐患。同时该方案采用单侧平面输出窗口，消毒灯的有效消毒范围较小。
另一种常见的紫外消毒灯(如图2所示)，直接在灯管的一个方向沉积光学薄膜，在灯管的圆柱面特定方向的一个很小区域，膜层才具有均匀性，即整个消毒灯管只在1个方向上镀制均匀可靠的光学膜系，灯管的安全出光面积非常小，发光管其它位置出射光包含对人体有害光线波段，不能在有人情况下使用。
因此，需要提供一种针对上述现有技术不足的改进技术方案。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置，以解决或缓解上述现有技术中存在的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供如下技术方案：
本申请提供了一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置，包括：灯体和滤光片；所述灯体和所述滤光片均为圆柱状，且所述滤光片同轴套设在所述灯体的外侧，所述滤光片的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，以使所述灯体发出的第一波长的光线透过并隔离吸收所述灯体发出的第二波长的伴生光；所述灯体和所述滤光片的两端通过灯头固定。
优选的，所述第一波长为(200，230)nm；相应的，所述第二波长为(230，270)nm。
优选的，所述第一波长的峰值中心波长为222nm。
优选的，所述灯体包括：内管和外管；所述内管和所述外管均为中空的柱状结构，所述内管同轴套设于所述外管内，且所述内管和所述外管之间形成密闭的环状腔体，所述环状腔体中充满工作气体；所述内管的内侧设有内电极金属片，所述外管的外侧壁同轴套设有外电极金属网，所述内电极金属片与所述外电极金属网之间能够高压放电，以进行准分子发光。
优选的，柱状的所述滤光片的直径为80毫米，高度为150毫米，厚度为2毫米；所述内管直径为20mm，所述外管直径为40mm；所述内管和所述外管的厚度均为2mm，长度为120mm。
优选的，所述第二波长的功率占所述灯体的光线出射总功率小于5‰。
优选的，所述工作气体为氯化氪。
优选的，所述滤光片为石英材质。
优选的，所述光学滤光膜的材料为二氧化铪和二氧化硅。
优选的，所述灯头的端面设有柱状台阶和安装凹槽；所述柱状台阶的外侧壁与所述滤光片的内侧壁相适配；所述安装凹槽与所述灯体相适配，以固定安装所述灯体。
有益效果：
本申请提供的技术方案中，通过将滤光片同轴套设于灯体的外侧，滤光片的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，可以有效增加灯体发出的第一波长 的光线的透过率，实现360°大范围的对人体安全的第一波长的紫外光线输出，提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的空间作业范围和功率，减少了第一波长光线的损耗，大大提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的使用效率；由光学滤光膜对灯体发出的第二波长的伴生光进行隔离吸收，有效减少了对人体有害的第二波长的伴生光。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。其中：
图1为现有的一种常见紫外消毒灯的原理示意图；
图2为现有的另一种常见紫外消毒灯的原理示意图；
图3为根据本申请的一些实施例提供的一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示实施例紫外线杀菌消毒装置中A处的局部视图；
图5为根据本申请的一些实施例提供的中心波长为222nm的光谱图；
图6为根据本申请的一些实施例提供的不同角度下的滤光片镀膜透过率曲线图；
图7为根据本申请的一些实施例提供的一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置的不同入射角度下的归一化强度仿真分布图；
图8为根据本申请的一些实施例提供的一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置的不同出射角度下的能量分布仿真图；
图9为根据本申请的一些实施例提供一种镀膜装置的结构示意图；
图10为图9所示镀膜装置的俯视图；
图11为图9所示镀膜装置的侧视图。
附图标记说明：
301、灯体；302、石英灯管；303、灯头；
311、外管；321、内管；331、内电极金属片；341、外电极金属网；313、过线孔；
901、镀膜伞；902、基片架；903、圆形导轨；904、旋转轴。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。各个示例通过本申请的解释的方式提供而非限制本申请。实际上，本领域的技术人员将清楚，在不脱离本申请的范围或精神的情况下，可在本申请中进行修改和变型。例如，示为或描述为一个实施例的一部分的特征可用于另一个实施例，以产生又一个实施例。因此，所期望的是，本申请包含归入所附权利要求及其等同物的范围内的此类修改和变型。
在本申请的描述中，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请而不是要求本申请必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。本申请中使用的术语“相连”、“连接”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间部件间接相连；对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
首先，需要说明的是，在本申请中，灯体301以准分子灯作为具体实施例进行阐述，除此之外，还可以采用LED灯、激光灯等。其中，准分子是一种处于激发状态的双原子分子，不存在稳定的基态，通常情况下，准分子的存在时间为纳秒量级，然后通过自发辐射的方式跃迁回能量较小的状态时就会辐射出光子，同时分解为原子。
在准分子灯的放射光中，与中心波长的光一起放射的还有比中心波长靠长波长侧的光，以及比中心波长靠短波长侧的光。比如，在放射中心波长为222nm的紫外线杀菌消毒装置中，会发出波长区域为(230nm，300nm)的对人体有害的光(有害光)。因而，在将准分子灯用于杀菌、治疗等场景时，需要阻挡这些会对人体带来负面影响的有害光。通常采用带通滤波器来阻挡这些有害光；然而，通过带通滤波器的特性来看，入射角度大的有害光难以被阻挡。
如图5所示，在中心波长为222nm的光谱数据中可以得到，大于230nm波长的强度均小于222nm中心波长归一化强度的2％以下(除去258nm的一 个小峰，258nm处的峰值强度约为222nm处的3.6％，3dB带宽约为1.5nm)，260nm波长以上的强度降低为中心波长归一化强度的1％以下，其中275nm～300nm的强度为中心波长归一化强度的1‰以下；因此有害光(230～300nm)的能量主要集中在258nm的小峰附近。
如图6示，从滤光片透过率与光线入射角的依赖关系(透过率曲线)可知：
在入射角为0°时，即垂直入射的情况下220nm左右的波长区域的光可以透过，波长区域为(230nm，300nm)的有害光被阻挡。
在入射角为20°时，波长区域为(230nm，295nm)的有害光被阻挡，295nm以上的部分可以透过，但295nm以上的波长的实际发光强度非常微弱，(此处的发光强度小于中心波长的1‰)，使用中可以基本忽略。
在入射角为40°时，波长区域为(230nm，278nm)的有害光被阻挡，278nm以上的部分可以透过，但278nm以上的波长的发光强度小于中心波长的1‰，实际非常微弱，使用中可以基本忽略。
在入射角为60°时，波长区域为(230nm，258nm)的有害光被阻挡，258nm以上的部分可以透过，258nm处的发光强度约为中心波长处的3.6％，不能简单忽略。可知，随着入射角度的增大，透过的光线的波长区域向短波长侧偏移，有害光的透过随之增加，因而，要阻挡有害光的透过，必须限制大角度入射光。
在一具体应用场景中，紫外线杀菌消毒装置尺寸如下：柱面滤光片直径80mm，高度：150mm，厚度2mm；紫外线杀菌消毒装置的内管321直径20mm，外管311直径40mm，内管321和外管311的厚度均为2mm，灯管长度为120mm。该紫外线杀菌消毒装置发光光谱如图5所示，该紫外线杀菌消毒装置的不同入射角度下的归一化强度和能量分别如图7、图8所示，紫外线杀菌消毒装置的总发光功率为5W，可知，该紫外线杀菌消毒装置发出的光线中，对人体有害的第二波长的功率占灯体301的光线出射总功率小于5‰。
如图7所示，反映了不同入射角度情况下的出射光的归一化强度分布，(具体到每一条入射光线时柱面滤光片都可以看做平行平板，光线入射平行平板玻璃时，出射光线与入射光线平行，因此出射角度与入射角度相等)，图7横坐标为入射到平面滤光片的入射角，纵坐标为该角度下出射光的归一化 强度，由图7以及具体数据可以得出，随着入射角度的增大，出射光强度迅速减少。具体的：角度为0°时，光强为1；角度为30°时光强为0.356；角度为60°时，光强已经降低为6.9‰。
进一步将图7曲线进行积分，可以得到图8(一定入射角内的光能量百分比)。如图8所示，入射角为30°时，光线出射功率占总出射功率百分比为93.1％，入射角为60°时，光线出射功率占总出射功率百分比为99.8％。因此可以得出该紫外线杀菌消毒装置整体结构可以有效的限制大角度的入射光。
进一步对出射光的光谱分量进行仿真计算，得到波长区域为(200nm，230nm)的光线出射总功率为1.481W，波长区域为(230nm，300nm)的光线的出射总功率为0.006253W，功率损耗为3.512W；有害光的出射总功率占光线的出射总功率百分比为0.42％。
在本申请实施例中，通过在滤光片的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，使灯体301发出的第一波长的光线透过并隔离吸收灯体301发出的第二波长的伴生光，实现360°大范围的对人体安全的第一波长的紫外光线输出，提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的空间作业范围，减少了第一波长光线的损耗，大大提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的使用效率。同时，由于光学滤光膜对灯体301发出的第二波长的伴生光进行隔离吸收，有效减少了对人体有害的第二波长的伴生光。
在本申请实施例中，滤光片为石英材质，具体的，滤光片为柱状的石英管，石英管的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜。石英管光学镀膜的透过性与光线的入射角度相关，随着入射角度的增大，透过率曲线向短波方向偏移，光线的波长截止逐渐变差。为此，一方面可以通过提高紫外线杀菌消毒装置的光学滤光膜的镀膜材料的纯度，使得透过的光线的截止范围增大；另一方面通过灯体301外增加一同轴的光学镀膜的石英灯管302，使得入射在石英灯管302上的光线入射角减少，达到截止有害伴生光的目的。
在本申请实施例中，石英灯管302距离灯体301越远，灯体301发出的光线的入射角越小，在同等镀膜条件下，对有害伴生光的截止越强。将石英灯管302设计为柱面结构，并沿外侧壁的周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，形成柱面滤光片结构，使得灯体301发出的光线的入射角随石英灯管302与灯体301 的结构比例的变化而变化。
在一些可选实施例中，第一波长为(200，230)nm；相应的，第二波长为(230，270)nm。进一步的，第一波长的峰值中心波长为222nm。具体的，采用灯体301发光加石英灯管302镀膜滤波获得的222nm(波长范围(200，230)nm，中心波长222nm)人体安全的紫外波长，有效的消杀周围空间的细菌、病毒，222nm的紫外波长，而几乎不会对人体造成任何损伤，可以在有人的环境下工作。同时，石英灯管302的整个圆柱面，实现360°大范围的人体安全222nm紫外线输出，提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的空间作业范围，减少了222nm光的损耗，大大提高了紫外线杀菌消毒装置的使用效率。相对于传统紫外消毒灯中紫外石英玻璃输出窗口以及背面的高反面，极大的降低了紫外消毒灯的制造成本。
在本申请实施例中，灯体301包括：内管321和外管311；内管321和外管311均为中空的柱状结构，内管321同轴套设于外管311内，且内管321和外管311之间形成密闭的环状腔体，环状腔体中充满工作气体；具体的，工作气体为氯化氪。
内管321的内侧设有内电极金属片331，外管311的外侧壁同轴套设有外电极金属网341，内电极金属片331与外电极金属网341之间能够高压放电，以进行准分子发光。其中，内电极金属片331可采用铝等材料形成筒状结构，筒状结构的外侧壁紧贴内管321的内侧壁，外电极金属网341可采用不锈钢等材料形成网状结构，网状结构的外电极金属网341包覆在外中空柱体的外侧壁。
在本申请实施例中，内电极金属片331、外电极金属网341分别连接高频电源，通过高频电源对内电极金属片331、外电极金属网341之间施加高频电压，从而在环形腔体内产生准分子放电，放射准分子光。
在本申请实施例中，灯头303的端面设有柱状台阶和安装凹槽；柱状台阶的外侧壁与滤光片的内侧壁相适配；安装凹槽与灯体301相适配，以固定安装灯体301。具体的，灯头303上的柱状台阶与安装凹槽同轴，柱状台阶的外侧壁与石英灯管302的内侧壁紧配合；灯体301插装在安装凹槽中。其中，在一端的灯头303上沿轴向开设由过线孔313，通过过线孔313使内电极金属片331、外电极金属网341的高频连接线穿过与高频电压连接。
在本申请实施例中，光学滤光膜的材料为二氧化铪(H fO 2)和二氧化硅(S iO 2)。籍而，采用222nm透明的光学镀膜材料(二氧化铪(H fO 2)和二氧化硅(S iO 2))，将光学滤光膜设计窄光带滤光膜，使灯体301发出的222nm的光线可以透过，而(230，270)nm的有害伴生光线被隔离。
在石英灯管302镀膜时，常规镀膜伞901进行镀膜，采用基片架902旋转，只能保证平面或接近平面的表面被接近局黁的镀制上光学膜层。而在本申请实施例中，对石英灯管302的外侧壁进行周向360°全镀光学滤光膜时，采用工件盘旋转和灯管自转的光学镀膜工艺，在镀膜过程中，放置石英灯管302的基片在旋转的同时，石英灯管302自身也在围绕中心轴旋转，籍而，保证了膜层均匀的沉积在灯管圆柱体的壁面上，结合膜层厚度控制，即可镀制处满足设计要求的光学膜层。
在本申请实施例中，如图9、图10、图11所示，对石英灯管302进行镀膜的镀膜装置包括：镀膜伞901和多个基片架902，多个基片架902以镀膜伞901的轴线为中心线，沿镀膜伞901的周向均匀的布置于镀膜伞901的边缘，且可以沿镀膜伞901的轴线周向转动，且每个基片架902的轴线沿镀膜伞901的径向延伸；石英灯管302转动安装在基片架902上，可以沿基片架902的轴线转动。进一步的，镀膜伞901为圆锥形结构，每个基片架902均位于圆锥形结构的锥形面上。
在本申请实施例中，基片架902上设置旋转轴904，石英灯管302可拆卸安装在旋转轴904上，随镀膜伞901转动而旋转。具体的，旋转轴904上设置有传动轮，对应的，镀膜装置还可以包括：位于镀膜伞901下方的圆形导轨903。随镀膜伞901的转动，传动轮在圆形导轨903上滑动，带动旋转轴904转动，继而，带动石英灯管302沿基片架902的轴线(旋转轴904的轴线)转动。
在本申请实施例总，放置石英灯管302的基片架902在旋转的同时，石英灯管302自身也在绕旋转轴904的轴线转动，保证了膜层可以均匀的沉积在石英灯管302圆柱侧面上，完成镀膜作业。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围 之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，包括：灯体和滤光片；
    所述灯体和所述滤光片均为圆柱状，且所述滤光片同轴套设在所述灯体的外侧，所述滤光片的外侧壁沿周向360°全镀光学滤光膜，以使所述灯体发出的第一波长的光线透过并隔离吸收所述灯体发出的第二波长的伴生光；所述灯体和所述滤光片的两端通过灯头固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述第一波长为(200，230)nm；
    相应的，
    所述第二波长为(230，270)nm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述第一波长的峰值中心波长为222nm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述灯体包括：内管和外管；
    所述内管和所述外管均为中空的柱状结构，所述内管同轴套设于所述外管内，且所述内管和所述外管之间形成密闭的环状腔体，所述环状腔体中充满工作气体；
    所述内管的内侧设有内电极金属片，所述外管的外侧壁同轴套设有外电极金属网，所述内电极金属片与所述外电极金属网之间能够高压放电，以进行准分子发光。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，柱状的所述滤光片的直径为80毫米，高度为150毫米，厚度为2毫米；所述内管直径为20mm，所述外管直径为40mm；所述内管和所述外管的厚度均为2mm，长度为120mm。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述第二波长的功率占所述灯体的光线出射总功率小于5‰。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述工作气体为氯化氪。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述滤光片为石英材质。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述光学滤光膜的材料为二氧化铪和二氧化硅。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一所述的紫外线杀菌消毒装置，其特征在于，所述灯头的端面设有柱状台阶和安装凹槽；所述柱状台阶的外侧壁与所述滤光片的内侧壁相适配；所述安装凹槽与所述灯体相适配，以固定安装所述灯体。
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RU225358U1 (ru) * 2023-12-26 2024-04-17 Никита Александрович Ефимов Открытый бактерицидный обеззараживатель для санитарно-бытовых помещений железнодорожного транспорта

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