WO2022222240A1 - 一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2022222240A1
WO2022222240A1 PCT/CN2021/098585 CN2021098585W WO2022222240A1 WO 2022222240 A1 WO2022222240 A1 WO 2022222240A1 CN 2021098585 W CN2021098585 W CN 2021098585W WO 2022222240 A1 WO2022222240 A1 WO 2022222240A1
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keys
scale
plucked
musical
tone
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French (fr)
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曾平蔚
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曾平蔚
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/342—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments for guitar-like instruments with or without strings and with a neck on which switches or string-fret contacts are used to detect the notes being played

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electronic musical instruments, in particular to a device and method for scale arrangement of electronic plucked musical instruments.
  • Patent Nos. 201010557582.5 and 201010557184.3 say that the described electric guitar is an electric guitar whose neck keys are designed as chord keys.
  • the technical solution better solves the technical problem that people are difficult to master the left-hand chord fingering during the learning process of folk guitar, and greatly reduces the Difficulty getting started with guitar.
  • guitars often play melody scales, such as preludes and interludes of songs, and some world-famous songs, such as the classical guitar song "Romans of Love” is a typical example, “Romans of Love” is a typical example.
  • “History” is a must-practice piece for every guitar learner. It is almost synonymous with guitar.
  • the present invention provides a device for arranging the scales of an electronic plucked stringed instrument, which can make the electronic plucked stringed instrument to conveniently play various instrumental solo famous songs, and make the electronic plucked stringed instrument have better use value.
  • the invention provides a device for arranging scales of an electronic plucked stringed musical instrument.
  • the plucked stringed musical instrument includes a piano body and a neck, and the piano body and the neck are designed with plucking keys, neck buttons and setting buttons.
  • the keys include chord keys and scale keys, and the scale keys are arranged in a vertical double row in order from top to bottom, or a vertical single row is arranged side by side with the chord keys.
  • the number of the pluck keys is preferably six, the number of scale keys is preferably 12, and the setting keys include but are not limited to music selection keys.
  • Another solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a method for scale arrangement of an electronic plucked stringed musical instrument, comprising the following steps:
  • Reading step read the scale phoneme corresponding to the data table of this musical piece scale in the database;
  • Pluck detection and pronunciation step once detected that there is plectrum key instruction, point to reading the pronunciation data of the scale phoneme of the musical piece according to the pointer in the plucking table of the database, it is decoded into the corresponding scale in the musical piece scale The sound of the phoneme is played.
  • a method for arranging the scales of an electronic plucked stringed musical instrument provided by the invention also includes the steps of arranging and making the data table of the musical piece scales:
  • S1 decomposes the musical composition into N monophonic columns, and the pronunciation of each plucked string in the monophonic column is each a musical tone, and the musical tone is the sound of the same frequency, the same timbre, or a vacant tone;
  • each piano tone of the single tone column is set to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in order from high to low, wherein the melody tone is set to 1 to pluck, the root tone is set to 6 to pluck, The 5th tone of the chord is set at 5 plucked strings, and the remaining tones are set at 2, 3, and 4 plucked strings respectively, and the sound or vacant tone played by the musical instrument can be set at any plucked strings;
  • S3 sorts all monophonic columns from low to high as 1, 2, 3...Y based on the melody tone, sets the monophonic column No. 1 to the 1 scale key, and the other monophonic columns from low to high Assigned to 2, 3...12 scale keys in sequence,
  • compound keys are added to balance the two numbers, and the compound keys refer to the combination of two or more scale keys, or scale keys and chord keys, or chord keys and chords key combination.
  • a method for arranging the scales of an electronic plucked stringed musical instrument of the present invention the electronic musical instrument is powered on to initialize the default No.1 music piece, and No.2, No.3... music scales can be selected by setting.
  • the musical pieces include but are not limited to the solo pieces “Little Star” and "Romantic History of Love”.
  • the plucked stringed instruments include but are not limited to guitar, guzheng, pipa, yueqin, sanxian, liuqin, ruan, harp, cello, double cello
  • the implementation of the present invention can make the electronic plucked stringed instrument more convenient to play various solo or ensemble music pieces that are difficult to perform and improve the cost performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a neck fingerboard key according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the musical score of "Little Star” according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a program of a scale arrangement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. .
  • the scale keys are located below the chord keys on the neck, and there are 12 numbered 1 to 12 from top to bottom, which are arranged longitudinally in double rows.
  • the advantage is that it occupies a small space and is convenient to operate the combined scale keys as needed.
  • it can also be arranged side by side with the chord keys in a single row vertically, and can also be arranged side by side with other keys, such as open string keys and other fret keys, which is convenient to switch to the scale key operation in the process of operating the chord keys or fret keys.
  • the use of the music selection key allows the performer to choose different music to play. For example, the default music No.1 "Little Star” is turned on, and the No.2 music “Love” can be entered by pressing the music selection key. “Romance of Love”, the music option in the database will jump to the scale database of "Romance of Love” for use. Thereby, the tune selection key can be operated to select more other tunes.
  • the first measure that although the 1st string (twice), the 2nd string (four times) and the 3rd string (twice) have been repeatedly plucked many times, they are all the same tone, so the first measure is divided into a single In the sound column, the four strings are not plucked, so they can be designed as vacant sounds (no pronunciation). However, considering that this single tone column can be used as the end of this piece, the down-plucking method requires six tones to be played, so the four strings are designed. 1st chord.
  • the first beat of the twenty-fourth measure is designed to be a monophonic sequence (same as the first measure), and the second beat is designed to end with a high-octave I-level chord sequence, which is different from the first beat with multiple piano tones. is another monophonic sequence, and is the processing of a complex scale key.
  • the tone design of the added chromatic single-tone column can be flexibly designed according to needs, but it is best to design the sixth string as the chord root note, the fifth string as the chord fifth note, and the other notes from high to low correspond to the same four strings, the main consideration For ease of use.
  • chord notes can also be set, so that each string can be pronounced, and it is best to design the same chord note.
  • Each plucked string of each single tone column does not have more than one tone.
  • the advantage of this design is that no matter how repeatedly plucked the string after each scale key is triggered, the pronunciation of the tone column will not be confused and will not affect the performance; some 4 strings also Set it to be silent (of course, you can also set a tone, such as the 3rd tone of the chord, etc.), so that it is not easy to play the wrong tone.
  • Chromatic single-tone columns or vacant tones can also be designed as some special sound effects of the guitar, such as the sound effects of hitting the board and the kick drum, which can make up for the difficulty of electronic plucked products to play some commonly used special effects.
  • the playing of the instrument is convenient and perfectly realistic close to the performance of real traditional instruments.
  • the program defaults to the pronunciation of the six open strings of the guitar (which can also be defaulted to the C chord), that is, the pointer of the data table points to the read database In E, A, D, G, B, and E of the open string pronunciation data, if there is a pluck key command at this time, the open string pronunciation data will be decoded to play the corresponding open string sound.
  • chord key command after power-on initialization, that is, the database pointer points to reading the corresponding pronunciation data of the chord table in the database, and then decodes the relevant pronunciation data of the chord into a chord sound according to the plucking command.
  • the pointer of the lookup table database points to the corresponding pronunciation data of the scale table in the read database, and then the corresponding scale pronunciation data is read according to the plucking command. Decode to scale piano sound to play.
  • circuit principle of the present invention has been described in a number of related patent publications before, such as patents with patent numbers 201010557582.5 and 201010557184.3, and will not be repeated here.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法。装置：包括设置在琴身上的数个拨弦键(200)以及设置在琴颈指板上的和弦键和音阶键(100)，拨弦键(200)优选为6个，音阶键(100)优选为12个。方法包括音阶琴音数据表制作步骤：S1将乐曲拆分为N个单音列，S2将各单音列对应于1至6拨弦，S3以各单音列的最高音为准将所有单音列由低到高排序，并由低到高依序分配于音阶键。可以降低演奏乐曲难度，使电子拨弦乐器更易于被人们接受。

Description

一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电子乐器，尤其涉及一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法。
 背景技术
专利号201010557582.5和201010557184.3说描述的电子吉他是一种琴颈按键设计为和弦按键的电子吉他，其技术方案较好解决了人们在民谣吉他学习过程中左手和弦指法难于掌握的技术问题，大大降低了吉他入门难度。然而吉他除了和弦演奏外还有很多时候是演奏旋律音阶，比如弹唱歌曲的前奏、间奏，更有一些世界名曲，如古典吉他曲《爱的罗曼史》就是一个典型的例子，《爱的罗曼史》是每一个学习吉他的必练曲目，它几乎就是吉他的代名词，通常绝大多数吉他学习者都只能演奏这首乐曲的前面十来小节，因为这首名曲前面的十来小节的指法很是简单，只需要按一弦，其它都是弹空弦音，但乐曲后面的指法就难了，尤其是B段，即使是专业吉他老师，能清晰完整演奏每个音符的也不多见，主要原因就是左手琴颈按键指法难度太大。
若能将琴颈按键的音阶排列中设计出一系列的不同按法操作，像专利号201010557582.5和201010557184.3的电子吉他演奏和弦的简单按法那样就能将《爱的罗曼史》的每一个音符，包括旋律、和声和低音都设置好，右手拨弦的设计尽量也设计得跟传统木吉他的拨弦一样，由此可以极大方便人们的演奏，每个人弹奏这首吉他名曲都不会有太多技术负担，而且通过同样的方法可以编辑任何一首独奏乐曲的指法布局，使乐曲演奏没有困难，电子吉他以及其它电子弹拨乐器，如电子琵琶、电子阮、电子三弦等都可以由此设计，使电子拨弦乐器的市场有一个更大的发展可能。
 技术解决方案
为克服现有技术所存在的问题，本发明提供一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置，可以使电子拨弦乐器方便演奏各种器乐独奏名曲，使电子拨弦乐器有更好的使用价值。
本发明提供的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置，所述拨弦乐器包括琴身和琴颈，所述琴身、琴颈上设计有拨弦键、琴颈按键和设置按键，所述琴颈按键包括和弦键和音阶键，所述音阶键由上至下顺序纵向双排排列，或者纵向单排与所述和弦键并列排列。
本发明的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置，所述拨弦键优选为六个，所述音阶键优选为12个，所述设置按键包括但不限于乐曲选择键。
本发明解决技术问题的另一方案是提供一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，包括以下步骤：
设置步骤，通过设置进入乐曲演奏模式并选择当前演奏乐曲;
读取步骤，根据音阶键指令查表读取数据库中该乐曲音阶的数据表格所对应的音阶音位；
拨弦检测及发音步骤，一旦检测到有拨弦键指令即根据数据库拨弦表格中的指针指向读取所述乐曲的音阶音位的发音数据，将其解码为所述乐曲音阶中对应的音阶音位的琴音进行播放。
本发明提供的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，还包括所述乐曲音阶的数据表格的编排制作步骤:
S1将所述乐曲分解为N个单音列，所述单音列中各拨弦的发音各为一个琴音，所述一个琴音为同一频率、同一音色的声音，或一个空置音；
S2将所述单音列的各个琴音由高到低依次分别设置于1、2、3、4、5、6拨弦，其中，旋律音设置于1拨弦、根音设置于6拨弦、和弦5音设置于5拨弦、其余音分别设置于2、3、4拨弦，所述乐器演奏的声音或空置音可以设置于任何拨弦；
S3以所述旋律音为准将所有单音列由低到高依次排序为1、2、3...Y，将1号单音列对应所述1音阶键，其余单音列由低到高依序分配于2、3...12音阶键，
若单音列数量小于音阶键数量，即增加半音阶单音列使两者数量相当，
若单音列数量大于音阶键数量，即增加复合键以使两者数量平衡，所述复合键指两个或两个以上的音阶键的组合，或音阶键及和弦键，或和弦键及和弦键的组合。   
    本发明的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，所述电子乐器开电初始化默认No.1乐曲，通过设置可选择No.2、No.3...乐曲音阶。
本发明的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，所述乐曲包括但不限于独奏曲《小星星》和《爱的罗曼史》。
    本发明的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，所述拨弦乐器包括但不限于吉他，古筝，琵琶，月琴，三弦，柳琴，阮，竖琴，大提琴，倍大提琴
实施本发明可以让电子拨弦乐器更便于演奏各种演奏技术难度大的独奏或合奏乐曲，提升性价比。
 附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施例的琴颈指板按键正视示意图。
图2是本发明一个实施例的《小星星》乐谱的示意图。
图3是本发明一个实施例的音阶排列方法的程序流程示意图。。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本发明的目的，技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定此发明。
图1所示实施例的琴颈指板按键示意图可以看出这是一个电子吉他的实施例，其中
[100]音阶键位于琴颈上和弦键的下方，由上至下有编号1至12共12个，呈双排纵向排列。优点在于占据空间位置不大，便于根据需要操作组合音阶键。当然也可以单排纵向的与和弦键并列排列，还可以和其它键，如空弦键等品位键并列排列，便于在操作和弦键或品位键的过程中便捷切换到音阶键的操作，也方便与和弦键进行组合键的进行；
[200]六个拨弦键，和传统木吉他一样从左往右为6,5,4,3,2,1拨弦，即右手的拨弦是可以和普通木吉他的拨弦手法完全一致。
[300]乐曲选择键（图中没有示出）的使用让演奏者可以选择不同的乐曲演奏，如开机默认乐曲No.1《小星星》,按乐曲选择键即可进入No.2乐曲《爱的罗曼史》的演奏，此时数据库的乐曲选项即跳转到《爱的罗曼史》的音阶数据库待用。由此，乐曲选择键可以操作选择更多其它乐曲。
图2所示本发明一个实施例的乐曲《小星星》乐谱,
第一小节可以看出，1弦（两次）、2弦（四次）和3弦（两次）虽然重复拨响过多次，但分别都是同一琴音，所以第一小节划分为一个单音列，四弦没有拨响，可以设计为空置音（不发音），但考虑到这个单音列可作为本乐曲的结束而采用下拨弦手法需奏响六个音，所以四弦设计了和弦1音。
第二十四小节设计第一拍是个单音列（同第一小节），第二拍乐谱设计的是一个高八度的I级和弦音列结束，与第一拍有多个琴音不同而设计为另一个单音列，且是一个复合音阶键的处理。
乐谱末尾还列出了《小星星》音阶六弦发音表，可以让产品使用者清楚了解各个音阶键位的六弦发音而方便演奏其它C大调的乐曲或歌曲。
从发音表中可以看出加多了7个半音阶单音列以平衡单音列的缺少，而且最后还加了一个高八度的do的单音列，从而可以使一弦的演奏形成一个大调自然音阶的完整八度，便于演奏除《小星星》之外的其它大调乐曲。
增加的半音阶单音列的琴音设计可以根据需要灵活设计，但最好都将六弦设计为和弦根音、五弦设计为和弦五音，其它音由高到低对应于一致四弦，主要考虑要便于演奏使用。
四弦较少用到，有些设计了空置音，也可以设置和弦音，方便每根弦都能发音，也最好都设计为同一和弦音。
乐谱的下方的六弦发音表中可以看出整首《小星星》乐曲拆分为①，③，⑤，⑥，⑧，⑩的六个单音列，分别是以旋律音的1,2,3,4,5,6六个音的高低为序，由于单音列是6个，少于音阶键12个的数量，所以在各全音的之间（1和2、2和3、4和5、5和6以及6和7）都增加了半音阶单音列。
每个单音列的每个拨弦没有超过一个琴音，如此设计的好处是每一个音阶键触发后无论怎么反复拨弦该音列的发音都不会错乱，不影响演奏；有的4弦还设置为不发音（当然也可以设置发一个音，如本音列和弦3音等），这样的目的也是不容易演奏错音。
半音阶单音列或空置音（弦）还可以设计为吉他的某些特殊的音效声音，如打板、大鼓奏法等音效，可以弥补电子拨弦产品难以演奏一些常用的特色效果声音，使电子乐器的演奏既便捷又完美逼真接近真实传统乐器的演奏。
图3所示的一个实施例的音阶排列方法的程序流程示意图中，开电初始化后程序默认吉他的六根空弦音（也可默认为C和弦的）的发音，即数据表格的指针指向读取数据库中E、A、D、G、B、E的空弦发音数据，此时若有拨弦键指令即将该空弦发音数据解码进行相对应的空弦音的播放。
若开电初始化后有和弦按键指令即数据库指针指向读取数据库中和弦表格相对应发音数据，再根据拨弦指令将该和弦的相关发音数据解码为和弦琴音播放。
若开电初始化后直接有音阶键按下或按和弦键后又转入按音阶键，即查表数据库指针指向读取数据库中音阶表格的相应发音数据，再根据拨弦指令将相应音阶发音数据解码为音阶琴音播放。
图3中还可看出1--6弦（拨弦键）的触发没有任何的限制，可以单独拨动触发播放某一个音，也可以任意同时触发某几个或全部拨弦音（如扫弦）的播放，一旦转向其它音阶键（或和弦键）触发而读取数据库中的其它音阶或和弦的发音数据，六拨弦键的触发指令即转向将有关其它发音数据解码为相应的和弦音或音阶音进行播放。
本发明的电路原理由于之前已有多个相关专利的公开文件中阐述，如专利号201010557582.5和201010557184.3的专利，这里就不再赘述。
以上所述的本发明实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置，所述拨弦乐器包括琴身和琴颈，所述琴身、琴颈上设计有设置键、拨弦键和琴颈按键，特征在于，所述琴颈按键包括但不限于和弦键和音阶键，所述音阶键由上至下顺序纵向双排排列，或者纵向单排与其它键并列排列。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置，特征在于，所述设置键包括但不限于乐曲选择键，所述拨弦键优选为1、2、3、4、5、6的六个拨弦，所述音阶键优选为1、2、3...12的12个音阶键。
  3. 一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，特征在于，包括以下步骤：设置步骤，通过设置选择乐曲;读取步骤，根据音阶键指令查表读取数据库中所述乐曲的音阶数据表格所对应的音阶音位；拨弦检测及发音步骤，一旦检测到有拨弦键指令即根据数据库拨弦表格指针指向读取所述乐曲的音阶音位的发音数据，并将其解码为乐曲中所对应的音阶音位的琴音进行播放。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，特征在于，还包括所述乐曲的音阶的琴音数据表格的编排制作步骤: S1将所述乐曲分解为N个单音列，所述单音列中对应各拨弦的发音皆为一个琴音，所述一个琴音为同一频率、同一音色的声音，或一个空置音；S2将所述单音列的各琴音由高到低依次分别设置于所述1、2、3、4、5、6拨弦，其中，旋律音设置于1拨弦、根音设置于6拨弦、和弦5音设置于5拨弦、其余音分别设置于2、3、4拨弦；S3以所述单音列的1拨弦的琴音为基准将所有单音列由低到高依次排号为1、2、3...Y号单音列；S4将所述1、2、3...Y号单音列依序分配于1、2、3...12音阶键，若单音列数量小于音阶键数量，即增加半音阶单音列使两者数量相当，若单音列数量大于音阶键数量，即增加复合音阶键以使两者数量平衡，所述复合音阶键指两个或两个以上的音阶键的组合，或音阶键及和弦键，或音阶键和其它键的组合。
  5. 根据权利要求3的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，特征在于，所述电子乐器开电初始化默认No.1乐曲，通过操作设置键可选择No.2、No.3...乐曲。
  6. 根据权利要求3的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，特征在于，所述乐曲包括但不限于独奏曲《小星星》和《爱的罗曼史》。
  7. 根据权利要求3的一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的方法，特征在于，所述拨弦乐器是指但不限于吉他，古筝，琵琶，月琴，三弦，柳琴，阮，竖琴，大提琴，倍大提琴。
PCT/CN2021/098585 2021-04-19 2021-06-07 一种电子拨弦乐器音阶排列的装置及方法 WO2022222240A1 (zh)

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CN101551996A (zh) * 2009-05-11 2009-10-07 曾平蔚 电子弹拨乐器及其发音控制方法
CN101996624A (zh) * 2010-11-24 2011-03-30 曾科 电子吉它单弦演奏和弦节奏音型的方法
CN102034466A (zh) * 2010-11-13 2011-04-27 曾平蔚 电子吉它琴颈指板和弦按键的排列方法及装置
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