WO2022220442A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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WO2022220442A1
WO2022220442A1 PCT/KR2022/004292 KR2022004292W WO2022220442A1 WO 2022220442 A1 WO2022220442 A1 WO 2022220442A1 KR 2022004292 W KR2022004292 W KR 2022004292W WO 2022220442 A1 WO2022220442 A1 WO 2022220442A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
liquid crystal
film
positive
retardation
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PCT/KR2022/004292
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김성수
송제훈
정재욱
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동우 화인켐 주식회사
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Priority to CN202280019654.1A priority Critical patent/CN116940886A/zh
Publication of WO2022220442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022220442A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134372—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for fringe field switching [FFS] where the common electrode is not patterned

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having an improved slope viewing angle.
  • a thin display device using a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emitting diode display (OLED) has received great attention.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light emitting diode display
  • these thin display devices are implemented in the form of a touch screen panel, and are characterized by portability to various wearable devices as well as smart phones and tablet PCs. It is widely used in various smart devices.
  • the liquid crystal display device is divided into modes according to the initial arrangement of the liquid crystal, the electrode structure and the physical properties of the liquid crystal, for example, TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, VA (vertical alignment) mode, IPS (in-plane switching) mode, FFS (fringe) mode. Fringe Field Switching (Fringe Field Switching) mode and the like are known.
  • the pixel structure of the LCD is also different depending on the driving method.
  • a pixel electrode is formed on one side of a pair of substrates and a common electrode is formed on the other side. By controlling the orientation of the pixel, the transmittance of the pixel is controlled.
  • a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed to face each other with an insulating layer interposed therebetween in a lower substrate.
  • the common electrode is usually installed in a plane at the bottom, and a plurality of patterns are formed parallel to each other with slits in the pixel electrode. Since it is controlled almost parallel to the IPS, the FFS mode has a wide viewing angle and has a higher transmittance compared to IPS by using a transparent electrode.
  • Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2015-0033623 discloses a retardation film for an IPS mode liquid crystal device and a liquid crystal display including an acrylic film and a negative C plate.
  • a retardation film for an IPS mode liquid crystal device and a liquid crystal display including an acrylic film and a negative C plate.
  • the condition of the oblique viewing angle required in the art is not satisfied.
  • the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having an excellent oblique viewing angle.
  • the present invention is a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate including a polarizer and a first retardation layer on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell; A polarizer and a second polarizing plate including a second retardation layer are stacked, respectively, the first retardation layer includes a positive C layer and a positive B layer, and a thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of the positive C layer is -180 nm to -100 nm, and provides a liquid crystal display device characterized in that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are parallel.
  • the liquid crystal display device can provide an excellent effect of a slope viewing angle by reducing the slope luminance and at the same time preventing light leakage by adjusting the alignment angle of the polarizing plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Example 2 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Example 3 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Example 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Comparative Example 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Comparative Example 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Comparative Example 6 of the present invention.
  • first polarizing plate 20 second polarizing plate
  • first retardation layer 21 second retardation layer
  • first polarizer 30 liquid crystal cell
  • first protective film 40 light source (backlight)
  • a member when a member is said to be located "on" another member, this includes not only a case in which a member is in direct contact with another member but also a case in which another member is interposed between the two members.
  • spatially relative terms “lower”, “bottom”, “lower”, “upper”, “upper”, etc. can be used to easily describe the correlation with components such as layers.
  • Spatially relative terms should be understood as terms including different orientations of the device during use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings. For example, when an element shown in the drawing is turned over, an element described as “below” or “below” another element may be placed “above” or “above” the other element. Accordingly, the exemplary term “down” may include both the downward and upward directions.
  • the device may also be oriented in other orientations, and thus spatially relative terms may be interpreted according to orientation.
  • the liquid crystal display device includes a structure in which a positive B layer is laminated on a positive C layer having a specific retardation value, and by adjusting the orientation angle of the polarizing plate, the slope luminance is lowered and light leakage is prevented at the same time, so that the slope viewing angle is improved. It has an excellent effect.
  • the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate including a polarizer and a first retardation layer on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell; A polarizer and a second polarizing plate including a second retardation layer are stacked, respectively, the first retardation layer includes a positive C layer and a positive B layer, and a thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of the positive C layer is -180 nm to -100 nm, and may be a liquid crystal display device characterized in that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are parallel.
  • Liquid crystal cell according to the present invention can be used without any particular limitation that is generally used in the art.
  • it may include a liquid crystal layer as a display medium disposed between a pair of substrates.
  • a color filter and a black matrix may be provided on one substrate (a color filter substrate), and a switching element (typically a TFT) for controlling the electro-optical properties of the liquid crystal on the other substrate (active matrix substrate);
  • a scanning line for providing a git signal to the switching element, a signal line for providing a source signal to the switching element, and a pixel electrode and a counter electrode may be provided.
  • the color filter may be provided on the active matrix substrate side.
  • a gap (cell gap) between the substrates may be controlled by a spacer, and an alignment layer made of, for example, polyimide may be provided on the side of the substrates in contact with the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal cell according to the present invention are aligned in the rubbing direction.
  • the rubbing is a substrate surface treatment method for aligning liquid crystals in one direction.
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in an even manner according to the rubbing direction.
  • the absorption axis of the second polarizer when viewed from the viewer's side, is parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell, that is, the rubbing direction, and the absorption axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell characterized in that
  • the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell are vertical rather than parallel, the viewing angle compensation efficiency may be relatively low due to the optical path, which is not preferable.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal cell of the present invention is 1 to 7 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 4 ⁇ m.
  • any suitable driving mode may be employed as the driving mode of the liquid crystal cell without particular limitation, for example, STN (Super Twisted Nematic) mode, TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode, VA (Vertical Aligned) mode, OCB (Optically Aligned Biregringence) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetric Aligned Microcell) mode, FFS (Fringe-Field Switching) mode, and the like.
  • STN Super Twisted Nematic
  • TN Transmission Nematic
  • IPS In-Plane Switching
  • VA Very Aligned
  • OCB Optically Aligned Biregringence
  • ASM Axially Symmetric Aligned Microcell
  • FFS Fringe-Field Switching
  • the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate may be laminated on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell, respectively, and the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate may include a polarizer and a first retardation layer, respectively; and a polarizer and a second retardation layer.
  • first and second according to the present invention are divided in order to clarify the difference in configuration, and preferably, the first polarizing plate may be disposed on the viewer side, and the second polarizing plate may be disposed on the light source side.
  • the first retardation layer included in the first polarizing plate may be laminated on one surface of the liquid crystal cell, and may be provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer to change the polarization state of light.
  • the first retardation layer according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a positive C layer and a positive B layer.
  • the first phase difference layer includes a positive C layer and a positive B layer, it can serve to change the path of polarized light, and in particular, it is preferable because it can serve to prevent light leakage from an inclined surface in an FFS mode liquid crystal display device. .
  • the positive B layer can be applied to the biaxial film production process in the present invention, it is easy to control the retardation in the thickness direction, so it is preferable in terms of proper retardation production.
  • the first retardation layer according to the present invention may include a structure in which a positive B layer is stacked on a positive C layer or a structure in which a positive C layer is stacked on a positive B layer.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the optical axis of the positive B layer must be parallel
  • the positive C layer When the positive C layer is stacked on the positive B layer in the order of the liquid crystal cell/positive B layer/positive C layer, it is characterized in that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the optical axis of the positive B layer are perpendicular (90°).
  • the retardation layer or retardation film may be classified into a uniaxial film and a biaxial film.
  • a uniaxial film is an anisotropic birefringent film having only one optical axis
  • a biaxial film is an anisotropic birefringent film having two optical axes.
  • the uniaxial film may be divided into an A-layer film and a C-layer film according to the direction and size of the optical axis
  • the biaxial film is divided into a B-layer film.
  • the B-layer film is characterized in that the refractive index (nx) in the x-axis direction, the refractive index (ny) in the y-axis direction, and the refractive index (nz) in the z-axis direction have different values.
  • positive (positive) B-layer film, negative (negative) depending on the magnitude of the refractive index in the x-axis direction (nx), the refractive index in the y-axis direction (ny), and the refractive index in the z-axis direction (nz) It can be classified into a B-layer film and a Z-axis stretched B-layer film.
  • a positive (positive) B-layer film has a refractive index value of nz>nx>ny
  • a negative (negative) B-layer film has a refractive index value of nx>ny>nz
  • a Z-axis stretched B-layer film has a refractive index value of nx>nz>ny.
  • the retardation value of the retardation layer or retardation film it may be determined by the refractive index (nx), the refractive index in the y-axis direction (ny), and the refractive index in the z-axis direction (nz), and is calculated from the following Equations 1 and 2 It can mean a given value.
  • Equation 1 Re is a retardation value in the horizontal direction, nx ⁇ ny, and d is the thickness of the film.
  • Equation 2 Rth is the retardation value in the thickness direction, nx ⁇ ny, and d is the thickness of the film.
  • the nx, ny, and nz refractive index values are based on the optical properties for 589 nm, which can be most easily obtained when there is no mention of the wavelength of the light source, and Re in Equation 1 is the light of the retardation film. It means a phase difference value in the front or horizontal direction, which is a substantial phase difference when passing through the normal direction (vertical direction), and Rth in Equation 2 is the refractive index (nz) in the thickness direction with respect to the in-plane average refractive index (nx and ny) It means the phase difference value in the thickness direction showing the difference.
  • the horizontal retardation value (Re) may be -5 to 5 nm, preferably -2 to 2 nm.
  • the thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of the positive C layer film may be -180 to -100 nm, preferably -160 to -130 nm.
  • the thickness of the positive C layer film included in the first retardation layer according to the present invention may be 0.3 to 1.0 ⁇ m. When the thickness range is satisfied, it is preferable to achieve thinness of the display.
  • the horizontal retardation value Re may be 80 to 160 nm, preferably 100 to 140 nm.
  • the thickness direction retardation value (Rth) may be 70 to 145 nm, preferably 90 to 120 nm.
  • the thickness of the positive B layer included in the first retardation layer according to the present invention may be 20 to 70 ⁇ m. When the thickness range is satisfied, it is preferable because it is possible to continuously maintain the light leakage prevention effect on the inclined surface by suppressing the change due to the contraction or expansion behavior of the polarizer in the durability condition.
  • the positive C layer film included in the first retardation layer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies optical characteristics such as retardation value presented in the present invention, for example, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), consisting of cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer (COC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polysulfone (PSF) and polymethyl materylate (PMMA). It may be prepared to include one or more selected from the group.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • COP cycloolefin polymer
  • COC cycloolefin copolymer
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PSF polysulfone
  • PMMA polymethyl materylate
  • the first retardation layer may be made of a stretch-type film, and the stretching method of the retardation layer may be divided into fixed-end stretching and free-end stretching.
  • Fixed-end stretching is a method of fixing the length in a direction other than the stretching direction during the stretching process of the film
  • free-end stretching is a method of imparting a degree of freedom in a direction other than the stretching direction during the stretching process of the film. In general, when a film is stretched, it is shrunk in a direction other than the stretching direction.
  • the direction in which the film in the roll state is unwound during stretching is called the MD direction (Machine Direction), and the direction perpendicular thereto is called the TD direction (Transverse Direction).
  • Free-end stretching means stretching in the MD direction
  • fixed-end stretching means stretching in the TD direction.
  • nz may vary depending on the stretching method (however, when only the primary process is applied). ) direction, phase difference value, and optical properties such as nz value can be controlled, so this is a matter that can be variously applied to satisfy the configuration of the present invention, and a general process known in the art can be applied.
  • the content is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • an adhesive layer or an alignment layer may be additionally included between or above and below the positive C layer film and the positive B layer film, if necessary.
  • the positive B layer film included in the first retardation layer of the present invention is preferably a cycloolefin polymer (COP).
  • COP cycloolefin polymer
  • the second retardation layer according to the present invention is a layer included in a second polarizing plate attached to the opposite surface of the liquid crystal cell with respect to the first polarizing plate, and is provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer to change the polarization state of light It serves, and may be the same as or different from the film configuration of the first retardation layer described above.
  • the configuration and retardation value of the second retardation layer are not particularly limited, but may preferably include a biaxially stretched film, and Re and Rth of the second retardation layer are each -5 to 5 nm to compensate for the optical path preferred in terms of
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate, and the first and second polarizing plates include a first polarizer and a second polarizer, respectively.
  • the first and second polarizers according to the present invention are optical films that serve to change incident natural light into a desired single polarization state (linear polarization state). It may be a polarizer commonly used in the art manufactured according to a process including steps such as.
  • the type is not particularly limited as long as it is a dichroic material, that is, a film that can be dyed with iodine.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film a dehydrated polyvinyl alcohol film, dehydrochloric acid A treated polyvinyl alcohol film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film, a cellulose film, these partially saponified films, etc. are mentioned.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol-based film is preferable in that it is excellent in the effect of enhancing the uniformity of the degree of polarization in the plane and also has excellent dyeing affinity to iodine.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin constituting the polarizer can be produced by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate-based resin.
  • the degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be 85 to 100 mol%, preferably 90 mol% or more, and more preferably 98 to 100 mol%.
  • polyvinyl acetate-based resin examples include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, or a copolymer of vinyl acetate and other copolymerizable monomers.
  • specific examples of the other monomer copolymerizable with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated sulfonic acids, olefins, unsaturated amines, vinyl ethers, and acrylamides having an ammonium group.
  • polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be modified, for example, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetal or polyvinyl butyral modified with aldehydes may be used.
  • the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be 1,000 to 10,000, preferably 1,500 to 5,000.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be formed into a film and used as a polarizer.
  • a method for forming a film of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and various methods known in the art may be used. For example, the process of uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol-type resin film; dyeing the stretched film with a dichroic dye to adsorb the dye; a process of treating the dye-adsorbed film with an aqueous solution of boric acid; And it can be manufactured through a process of washing with water.
  • Uniaxial stretching may be performed before dyeing with a dye, may be performed simultaneously with dyeing, and may be performed after dyeing.
  • uniaxial stretching may be performed before a boric-acid process, may be performed during a boric-acid process, and may be performed after a boric-acid process.
  • uniaxial stretching can be performed in several steps.
  • a raw film can be uniaxially stretched between different rolls, or can be uniaxially stretched using a hot roll.
  • the draw ratio is usually 3 to 8 times.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol-type film can be immersed in the aqueous solution containing a dichroic dye, and can be dyed.
  • the dichroic dye iodine or dichroic dye can be used.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is preferably immersed in water before the dyeing treatment.
  • iodine When iodine is used as a dichroic dye, it can be carried out by immersing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide and dyeing the film.
  • the content of iodine in the aqueous solution may be 0.01 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of water, and the content of potassium iodide may be usually included in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the temperature of the aqueous solution used for dyeing is 20 to 40 °C, the immersion time for the aqueous solution may be 20 to 1,800 seconds.
  • a dichroic dye as the dichroic dye, it may be carried out by immersing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble dichroic dye and dyeing the film.
  • the content of the dichroic dye in the aqueous solution may be included in an amount of 1 ⁇ 10 -4 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -3 to 1 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the aqueous solution may further contain an inorganic salt such as sodium sulfate as a dyeing aid.
  • the temperature of the aqueous dye solution used for dyeing is 20 to 80 °C, and the immersion time for the aqueous solution may be 10 to 1,800 seconds.
  • the boric acid treatment after dyeing with a dichroic dye is performed by immersing the dyed polyvinyl alcohol-type resin film in a boric-acid containing aqueous solution.
  • the amount of boric acid in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution may be included in an amount of 2 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 12 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of water.
  • the said boric-acid containing aqueous solution contains potassium iodide.
  • the potassium iodide may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 12 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of water, and the immersion time in the boric acid-containing aqueous solution is 60 to 1,200 seconds, preferably 150 to 600 seconds, More preferably, it may be 200 to 400 seconds.
  • the temperature of the boric acid-containing aqueous solution may be 50 °C or higher, preferably 50 to 85 °C, and more preferably 60 to 80 °C.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film after the boric acid treatment may be washed with water.
  • the said water washing process is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-type resin film by which the boric acid process was carried out, for example in water.
  • the preferable water temperature in a water washing process is 5-40 degreeC, and immersion time is 1 to 120 second.
  • a polarizer After washing with water, a polarizer can be obtained through a drying process.
  • the said drying process can use a hot-air dryer or a far-infrared heater.
  • the temperature of the drying treatment is 30 to 100°C, preferably 50 to 80°C, and the time for the drying treatment is 60 to 600 seconds, preferably 120 to 600 seconds.
  • the thickness of the polarizer according to the present invention may be 5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 35 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the polarizer is less than 5 ⁇ m, there is a problem of insufficient fairness and mass productivity during the polarizer stretching process, and when it exceeds 50 ⁇ m, there is a problem that the thinning of the polarizing plate cannot be achieved.
  • the absorption axis of the second polarizer when viewed from the viewer's side, is parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell, that is, the rubbing direction, and the absorption axis of the first polarizer is the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell It is characterized in that it is perpendicular to the direction.
  • absorption axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer may be disposed to be perpendicular to each other.
  • orthogonal means not only a case in which two absorption axes are at 90° to each other, but also a case in which an error range of up to ⁇ 10° is included with respect to the 90°.
  • each of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate described above may further include a protective film layer.
  • the position of the protective film is not particularly limited in the present invention, but according to one embodiment, the polarizer included in each may be located on the other surface of the surface facing the liquid crystal cell.
  • each configuration laminated on the protective film layer may include, for example, a protective film, a surface treatment layer formed on the protective film, and a surface protective film.
  • the configuration included in the protective film layer is a configuration that can be further added to protect a layer such as a polarizer, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin film layer having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture shielding property, isotropy, and the like.
  • the protective film is not particularly limited as long as it is a transparent plastic film.
  • the protective film includes, for example, a cycloolefin-based derivative having a unit of a monomer containing a cycloolefin such as norbornene or a polycyclic norbornene-based monomer; cellulose compounds such as diacetyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose butyrate, isobutyl ester cellulose, propionyl cellulose, butyryl cellulose, and acetyl propionyl cellulose; Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, polyetherimide, polyacrylic, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, poly selected from vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polyether ether
  • the thickness of the protective film is not particularly limited, but may be 8 to 1,000 ⁇ m, preferably 40 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the protective film is less than 8 ⁇ m, the strength of the film is lowered and workability is deteriorated, and when it exceeds 1000 ⁇ m, there may be problems in that transparency is lowered or the weight of the polarizing plate is increased.
  • the surface treatment layer may be formed by applying a surface treatment coating composition to the protective film, and the surface treatment coating composition may include a light transmitting resin, light transmitting particles, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent.
  • the light-transmitting resin may be a photo-curable resin
  • the photo-curable resin may include a photo-curable (meth)acrylate oligomer and/or monomer.
  • the photocurable (meth)acrylate oligomer epoxy (meth)acrylate, urethane (meth)acrylate, etc. are commonly used, and urethane (meth)acrylate is preferable.
  • the monomer those commonly used can be used without limitation, and a monomer having an unsaturated group such as a (meth)acryloyl group, a vinyl group, a styryl group, and an allyl group in the molecule as a photocurable functional group is preferable, and among them, (meth) A monomer having an acryloyl group is preferred.
  • the light-transmitting particles are used in the art and may be used without particular limitation as long as they are particles capable of imparting surface treatment properties.
  • Examples of the light-transmitting particles include silica particles, silicone resin particles, melamine-based resin particles, acrylic resin particles, styrene-based resin particles, acrylic-styrene-based resin particles, polycarbonate-based resin particles, polyethylene-based resin particles, and vinyl chloride-based particles. resin particles and the like can be used.
  • Each of the light-transmitting particles exemplified above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the average particle diameter of the light-transmitting particles is 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter of the light-transmitting particles is less than 1 ⁇ m, it is difficult to form irregularities on the surface of the surface treatment layer, so that the surface treatment property is lowered. can occur
  • photopolymerization initiator examples include 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]2-morpholinepropanone-1, diphenylketone benzyldimethylketal, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- 1-phenyl-1-one, 4-hydroxycyclophenyl ketone, dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, anthraquinone, fluorene, triphenylamine, carbazole, 3-methylacetophenone, 4-chloroacetophenone , at least one selected from the group consisting of 4,4-dimethoxyacetophenone, 4,4-diaminobenzophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone and benzophenone may be used.
  • the solvent may be used without limitation as long as it is known as a solvent in the art.
  • the solvent include alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.), ketones (methyl group consisting of ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, dipropyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), hexane type (hexane, heptane, octane, etc.), benzene type (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) At least one selected from may be used.
  • the surface treatment coating composition includes components commonly used in the art, for example, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, thermal polymerization inhibitors, leveling agents, surfactants, lubricants, Antifouling agents and the like may be additionally included.
  • the surface treatment layer may be formed by applying the surface treatment coating composition to one or both sides of a protective film, drying it, and then UV curing.
  • the surface treatment coating composition may be coated on a protective film by appropriately using a known method such as a die coater, an air knife, a reverse roll, spray, blade, casting, gravure, micro gravure, or spin coating.
  • the volatiles are evaporated and dried at a temperature of 30 to 150° C. for 10 seconds to 1 hour, more specifically, for 30 seconds to 30 minutes, followed by UV light irradiate and harden.
  • the irradiation amount of the UV light may be specifically about 0.01 to 10 J/cm 2 , more specifically 0.1 to 2 J/cm 2 .
  • the thickness of the surface treatment layer to be formed may be specifically 1 to 30 ⁇ m, more specifically 1.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the surface protection film is laminated on the surface treatment layer, and serves to prevent the surface treatment layer from being exposed to the outside to prevent an external physical impact.
  • the surface protection film includes a base film and an adhesive layer positioned on the base film.
  • the base film is not particularly limited, but having a polyester-based film such as cellulose, polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate having transparency, a polyether-based film such as polyethersulfone, polyethylene, polypropylene, cyclo or norbornene having a structure A polyolefin, or a polyolefin-based film such as an ethylene propylene copolymer, etc. can be used.
  • the base film may be subjected to surface treatment or primer treatment on one or both sides in order to improve adhesion to the base material with the pressure-sensitive adhesive, as well as an antistatic layer, an antifouling layer, and the like.
  • the method of forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the base film as described above is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of applying and drying the pressure-sensitive adhesive directly on the surface of the base film using a bar coater or the like, applying the pressure-sensitive adhesive to the surface of the releasable substrate and drying it After that, a method of transferring and aging the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the surface of the releasable substrate to the surface of the substrate film may be applied.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be composed of a polymer binder, a crosslinking agent, or the like.
  • the polymer binder is a polyurethane-based resin, polyester-based resin, acrylic resin, polyether-based resin, cellulose-based resin, polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, epoxy-based resin, polyvinylpyrrolidone-based resin, polystyrene-based resin, polyethylene glycol-based resin , an organic binder such as a pentaerythritol-based resin, or an inorganic binder such as silicate may be used, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • a polyurethane-type resin, a polyester-type resin, and an acrylic resin are especially preferable. Most preferably, an acrylic resin is used.
  • the crosslinking agent acts to increase the cohesive force of the pressure-sensitive adhesive by reacting with a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group.
  • the crosslinking agent may be an isocyanate-based compound, an epoxy-based compound, an aziridine-based compound, or a metal chelate-based compound.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive may further include an antistatic agent, a silane-based coupling agent, or a tackifying resin if necessary.
  • the thickness of the surface protection film may be 20 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m, and when the thickness range is satisfied, excellent appearance quality improvement of the polarizing plate can be achieved.
  • Adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives may be used for bonding or bonding between the respective components such as the liquid crystal cell, the retardation layer, the polarizer and the protective film layer according to the present invention.
  • the adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it is a conventional adhesive used in the art, but a water-based adhesive may be preferably used.
  • water-based adhesive examples include isocyanate-based adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesives, gelatin-based adhesives, vinyl-based latex-based adhesives, water-based polyesters, and water-based two-part urethane-based emulsion adhesives.
  • the water-based adhesive is usually used as an adhesive composed of an aqueous solution, and usually contains 0.5 to 60% by weight of solid content. Especially, deionized water or polyvinyl alcohol-type resin aqueous solution is preferable.
  • polyvinyl alcohol-based resin used as an adhesive in addition to the vinyl alcohol homopolymer obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol obtained by saponifying a copolymer of vinyl acetate and another monomer copolymerizable therewith. copolymers, and modified polyvinyl alcohol-based polymers in which hydroxyl groups are partially modified.
  • a polyhydric aldehyde, a water-soluble epoxy compound, a melamine-based compound, a zirconia compound, a zinc compound, and the like may be added to the water-based adhesive as additives.
  • the viscosity of the adhesive may be 5 to 100 cP. When included in the above range, spreadability on the surface of the polarizer is secured, so that fairness can be secured in a slit coater, a slit die coater, and the like.
  • the thickness of the adhesive is not particularly limited, but may preferably be 10 nm to 200 nm.
  • the bonding method between each component using the adhesive is not particularly limited, and for example, the adhesive surface of the polarizer and/or the protective film by a casting method, a Mayer bar coating method, a gravure coating method, a die coating method, an immersion coating method, a spraying method, etc.
  • the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate of the present invention can be manufactured by applying a process method generally used in the art, and the method is not specifically limited in the present invention, but, for example, to Roll) process, sheet to sheet bonding, etc. may be applied. It may be preferable to apply a roll-to-roll process in consideration of the typical yield and efficiency in the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is, as an example, a structure in which a light source 40, a second polarizing plate 20, a liquid crystal cell 30, and a first polarizing plate 10 are sequentially stacked.
  • the first polarizing plate 10 and the second polarizing plate 20 have retardation layers 11 and 21, polarizers 14 and 24, and protective film layers 15 and 25 sequentially stacked from a liquid crystal cell 30, respectively.
  • the first retardation layer 11 may include a positive C layer 12 and a positive B layer 13 .
  • the alignment direction or rubbing direction of the liquid crystal cell 30 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer 24 are parallel to each other.
  • TECH LCD 1D Sanai System, KOREA
  • the liquid crystal cell 30 was applied to the panel 32′′ of BOE, and absorption of the color filter was not taken into consideration.
  • As the light source 40 LOOK 320 ADS U-Care (M3293), measured data mounted on JC Hyun Systems Co., Ltd. was used.
  • each constituent layer (optical film) used in Example 1 of the present invention was used to have the following optical properties.
  • PE-4500 Karl Fischer Co., Ltd.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell 30 was set to 0°
  • the absorption axis of the first polarizer 14 was set to 90°
  • the absorption axis of the second polarizer 24 was set to 0°.
  • the optical characteristic caused by the difference in internal refractive index according to the direction of each film is the positive B layer 13 of the first retardation layer 11 based on the light source 550 nm, the horizontal retardation value Re is 115 nm, and the thickness A direction retardation value (Rth) of 104 nm was used, and for the positive C layer 12, a thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of -150 nm was used.
  • the protective film 15 located on the outer part of the first polarizing plate 10 used Sumitomo's acrylic base, and the protective film 25 positioned on the outer part of the second polarizing plate 20 was made of Sumitomo's acrylic base.
  • a liquid crystal display device was manufactured.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a light leakage image simulation result according to Example 1. Referring to FIG. Referring to FIG. 2 , it can be seen that light leakage on a 45 degree inclined surface is small. In addition, the side luminance ratio was found to be 7% compared to the 100% reference of the polarizing plate without phase difference compensation, and it can be confirmed that light leakage compensation is achieved on a 45 degree inclined surface.
  • Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1, except that the optical characteristics caused by the difference in the internal refractive index according to the direction of the film are horizontal retardation values with the positive B layer 13 of the first retardation layer 11 based on the light source 550 nm.
  • (Re) is 130 nm
  • the thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of 118 nm was used
  • the positive C layer 12 is a liquid crystal display device using the thickness direction retardation value (Rth) of -140 nm did.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a light leakage image simulation result according to Example 2. Referring to FIG. Referring to FIG. 3 , it can be seen that light leakage is small on a 45 degree inclined surface. As a result of measuring the side luminance ratio, it was found to be 6%, and it can be confirmed that light leakage compensation is achieved on a 45 degree slope.
  • the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the values of each configuration were set to the values in Table 1 below.
  • Liquid crystal cell 30 alignment direction ( ⁇ ) First polarizer 14 absorption axis ( ⁇ ) Second polarizer 24 absorption axis ( ⁇ ) Positive B layer 13 phase difference value (nm) Positive C layer 12 retardation value (Rth, nm) Re Rth Comparative Example 1 0 90 0 0 0 0 nm Comparative Example 2 0 90 0 130 118 -90 nm Comparative Example 3 0 90 0 130 118 -200 nm Comparative Example 4 0 90 0 65 59 -140 nm Comparative Example 5 0 90 0 173 156 -140 nm Comparative Example 6 0 0 90 115 104 -150 nm
  • the liquid crystal display device can provide an excellent effect of a slope viewing angle by lowering the slope luminance and preventing light leakage at the same time by adjusting the alignment angle of the polarizing plate.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides comprenant : une cellule à cristaux liquides ; une première plaque de polarisation comprenant un polariseur et une première couche de retard ; et une seconde plaque de polarisation comprenant un polariseur et une seconde couche de retard, les première et seconde plaques de polarisation étant stratifiées sur les deux surfaces de la cellule à cristaux liquides, respectivement : la première couche de retard comprenant une couche positive C et une couche positive B ; la valeur de retard de la couche positive C dans la direction de l'épaisseur allant de -180 nm à -100 nm ; et la direction d'alignement de la cellule à cristaux liquides et l'axe d'absorption de la seconde plaque de polarisation étant parallèles l'un à l'autre.
PCT/KR2022/004292 2021-04-12 2022-03-28 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides WO2022220442A1 (fr)

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