WO2022220245A1 - 通信機、通信処理システム、通信制御方法 - Google Patents
通信機、通信処理システム、通信制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022220245A1 WO2022220245A1 PCT/JP2022/017614 JP2022017614W WO2022220245A1 WO 2022220245 A1 WO2022220245 A1 WO 2022220245A1 JP 2022017614 W JP2022017614 W JP 2022017614W WO 2022220245 A1 WO2022220245 A1 WO 2022220245A1
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to technology for controlling data communication between communication devices used in vehicles and application servers.
- Patent Document 1 a communication device that can selectively perform cellular communication, which is wireless communication using a mobile phone network, and Wi-Fi (registered trademark) communication, is used to determine whether the vehicle has changed to a parking preparation state.
- a configuration is disclosed in which communication lines are switched depending on whether or not there is. Specifically, when the vehicle is not in the parking preparation state, cellular communication is selected, and when the vehicle transitions to the parking preparation state, the communication line used for data communication is switched from cellular communication to Wi-Fi. disclosed.
- the parking preparation state in Patent Document 1 when the vehicle speed changes to a predetermined speed or less, when the own vehicle reaches the vicinity of the user's home, when the vehicle reaches the vicinity of the destination, etc., the vehicle is still backing up. It is assumed that it is possible to run such as. Moreover, the case where the shift lever is set to the drive position is exemplified as the case where the parking preparation state is canceled.
- the communication device in Patent Literature 1 is mainly assumed to be a terminal such as a smart phone, which is basically assumed to be powered on.
- the communication device disclosed herein is a communication device used in a vehicle as an interface for at least one in-vehicle device to perform data communication with an information processing device existing outside the vehicle, and performs short-range communication.
- a short-range communication control unit that controls the operation of the short-range communication unit, a parking detection unit that detects that the vehicle is parked based on a signal from an in-vehicle sensor, and a parking detection unit that detects that the vehicle is parked.
- a short-range communication enable/disable determination unit that determines whether or not data communication using short-range communication is possible at the location where the short-range communication is performed, and stores the determination result in a predetermined memory; a request reception unit for receiving a communication start request, which is a message requesting start of data communication from one side to the other; The operation of the short-range communication unit is stopped based on , the vehicle is parked, and data indicating that data communication using short-range communication is possible is recorded in the memory.
- the short-range communication control unit restarts the operation of the short-range communication unit, and then causes the in-vehicle device to perform data communication with the information processing device using short-range communication.
- the short-range communication unit is basically stopped while the vehicle is parked. Further, when the communication start request is received, the short-range communication unit is temporarily operated, and then data communication between the in-vehicle device and the information processing device is performed using the short-range communication. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the amount of cellular communication. In other words, it is possible to reduce the amount of cellular communication while suppressing power consumption during parking.
- the communication processing system disclosed herein includes a communication device used in the vehicle as an interface for the in-vehicle device to perform data communication with an information processing device existing outside the vehicle, and a communication device and the information processing device.
- a communication processing system including a relay server that relays communication, wherein the communication device includes a short-range communication control unit that controls the operation of a short-range communication unit that performs short-range communication, and a cellular communication.
- a cellular control unit that controls the operation of the cellular communication unit for doing so, a parking detection unit that detects that the vehicle is parked based on a signal from an in-vehicle sensor, and a parking detection unit that detects that the vehicle is parked.
- a short-range communication enable/disable determination unit that determines whether or not data communication using short-range communication is possible at the location where the short-range communication is performed, and stores the determination result in a predetermined memory; a request receiving unit for receiving a communication start request, which is a message requesting the start of data communication from one side to the other;
- the communication control unit stops the operation of the short-range communication unit when the parking detection unit detects that the vehicle is parked, and the cellular communication is performed at the point where the parking detection unit detects that the vehicle is parked.
- the short-range communication unit is intermittently operated at predetermined polling intervals
- the relay server Based on at least one of the report and the result of communication confirmation with the communication device, specify whether or not the communication device is incapable of performing cellular communication and whether or not data communication by short-range communication is possible.
- the communication control method disclosed herein is a communication control method for performing data communication between at least one in-vehicle device and an information processing device existing outside the vehicle, wherein the in-vehicle device performs data communication based on a signal from an in-vehicle sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an overview of a communication processing system
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an in-vehicle system
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram for explaining functions of an in-vehicle communication device and an ECU
- 3 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration and functions of a relay server
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the controller during parking
- FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram when an application server outputs a communication start request
- FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram when an ECU outputs a communication start request
- FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the operation of the controller when the parking spot is out of the cellular service area
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a response mode of a relay server according to a communication state of an in-vehicle communication device in response to a push request from an application server;
- a communication processing system 100 of the present disclosure includes an in-vehicle communication device 1 and an ECU 2 mounted on each vehicle Vc, and an application server 4 and a relay server 5 disposed outside the vehicle, as shown in FIG.
- ECU is an abbreviation for Electronic Control Unit, and refers to an electronic control unit.
- Application server is an abbreviation for application server.
- FIG. 1 shows only two vehicles Vc equipped with the in-vehicle communication device 1, there may be three or more vehicles Vc in the system as a whole.
- the specifications of the ECU 2 mounted on each vehicle Vc may differ.
- the specifications of the ECU 2 may include an OS (Operating System), an activation state when the vehicle power supply (for example, an accessory power supply) is turned off, and the like.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is a device used in the vehicle as an interface for the ECU 2 to perform data communication with the application server 4 located outside the vehicle.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is configured to be able to perform cellular communication, which is wireless communication using a cellular line, and Wi-Fi (registered trademark) communication.
- the cellular line here refers to a communication line via the cellular base station 7, in other words, a communication line conforming to the LTE/4G/5G standards.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 includes a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) associated with an arbitrary communication carrier.
- SIM Subscriber Identity Module
- the cellular base station 7 is a facility that transmits and receives radio signals that conform to standards such as LTE with the in-vehicle communication device 1.
- the cellular base station 7 is also called an eNB (evolved NodeB).
- the cellular base station 7 may be a gNB (next generation NodeB) used in 5G.
- the cellular base station 7 exchanges control signals with the in-vehicle communication device 1 to realize connection of the in-vehicle communication device 1 to the wide area communication network 9 and data communication between the in-vehicle communication device 1 and various servers.
- the wide area communication network 9 is, for example, the Internet.
- the wide area communication network 9 may be, for example, an IP (Internet Protocol) network other than the Internet, or a network provided by a telecommunications carrier such as a mobile phone network.
- the wide area communication network 9 may be any network to which the application server 4, relay server 5, cellular base station 7, and Wi-Fi base station 8 are connected.
- Wi-Fi communication here refers to communication via the Wi-Fi base station 8.
- the Wi-Fi base station 8 is communication equipment for forming a Wi-Fi-compliant wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
- Wi-Fi standard various standards such as IEEE802.11n, IEEE802.11ac, and IEEE802.11ax (so-called Wi-Fi6) can be adopted.
- Wi-Fi base stations 8 are placed at arbitrary locations by various service providers as infrastructure equipment.
- Wi-Fi in the present disclosure refers to Wi-Fi that can be used by the in-vehicle communication device 1, such as free Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi for which a user or vehicle manufacturer has concluded a usage contract.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 can perform Wi-Fi communication when the vehicle Vc exists within the communication area of the Wi-Fi base station 8 .
- Wi-Fi base stations 8 can be called access points or routers. Although only one cellular base station 7 and one Wi-Fi base station 8 are shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of these may exist.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is a device that provides the wireless communication function described above.
- the vehicle Vc becomes a connected car that can be connected to the Internet by installing the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 can also be called a DCM (Data Communication Module) or a TCU (Telematics Control Unit).
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is housed in, for example, an instrument panel.
- the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 may be configured to be removable by the user.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be a mobile terminal such as a smart phone brought into the vehicle by the user.
- the vehicle-mounted device here includes the state of being brought into the vehicle interior.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 used in each vehicle Vc basically has the same configuration, but does not necessarily have to have completely the same specifications.
- the OS, the number of antennas, the contracted communication carrier, the number of available communication lines, the communication fee plan, etc. may be different.
- the own vehicle hereinafter refers to the vehicle Vc in which it is mounted/used for the in-vehicle communication device 1, the ECU 2, and the in-vehicle sensor 3.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is used in connection with the ECU 2 and the in-vehicle sensor 3 mounted on the own vehicle.
- the ECU 2 is a control device mounted on the vehicle Vc.
- the ECU 2 may be any of a body system ECU, a vehicle control system ECU, an ADAS system or automatic driving system ECU, and an HMI system ECU.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is configured to be able to communicate with each ECU 2 via an in-vehicle network, which is a communication network built in the vehicle.
- Various standards such as Controller Area Network (CAN is a registered trademark) and Ethernet (registered trademark) can be adopted as standards for the in-vehicle network.
- CAN Controller Area Network
- Ethernet registered trademark
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 and the ECU 2 may be configured to communicate directly without going through the in-vehicle network. Only one ECU 2 may be connected to the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be configured to be able to communicate with other ECUs via a central ECU, which is an ECU that controls the entire vehicle, or a gateway ECU that separates the inside of the vehicle from the outside and ensures security. .
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 is configured to maintain an online state connected to the wide area communication network 9 by cellular communication even when the driving power source is off, such as when the vehicle is parked.
- the power supply for running is, for example, an ignition power supply in an engine vehicle. In an electric vehicle, the system main relay corresponds to a running power supply.
- Each in-vehicle communication device 1 is assigned a communication device ID as unique identification information.
- the communication device ID functions as information for identifying the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 (vehicle Vc).
- a communication device ID can also be called a DCM-ID or a TCU-ID. Details of the in-vehicle communication device 1 will be described separately later.
- Each ECU 2 is configured as a computer including an arithmetic core such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory). Each ECU 2 executes a program stored in a non-volatile memory of the ECU 2, thereby performing processing according to the program. Each ECU 2 is assigned an ECU-ID as an identification number. The ECU 2 corresponds to an in-vehicle device.
- arithmetic core such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- Each ECU 2 executes a program stored in a non-volatile memory of the ECU 2, thereby performing processing according to the program.
- Each ECU 2 is assigned an ECU-ID as an identification number.
- the ECU 2 corresponds to an in-vehicle device.
- the ECU 2 is configured to be able to execute one or more applications (hereinafter referred to as apps 21).
- apps 21 The ECU 2 corresponds to an end ECU in an in-vehicle system.
- the application 21 provides predetermined services to the user of the vehicle Vc by communicating with the application server 4 .
- the application 21 is implemented by a calculation core such as a CPU provided in the ECU 2 executing predetermined application software.
- the descriptions of "application” and "app” in the present disclosure can be read as a device/computing core that executes the application.
- a calculation core corresponds to a processor such as a CPU.
- Each application 21 is assigned an application ID, which is unique identification information for each application.
- Each application 21 outputs transmission data destined for the application server 4 corresponding to the application 21 to the in-vehicle communication device 1 and acquires data from the corresponding application server 4 via the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- communication between the application server 4 and the application 21 is performed not only through the in-vehicle communication device 1 but also through the relay server 5 .
- Each application 21 outputs a communication start request to the in-vehicle communication device 1 when data for transmission to the application server 4 is generated.
- a communication start request corresponds to a message (signal) requesting the start of data communication with a device designated as a destination.
- the application 21 includes an encryption processing unit that encrypts transmission data and decrypts encrypted data transmitted from the application server 4 .
- the application 21 has a function for performing encrypted communication using TLS (Transport Layer Security).
- the ECU 2 also includes an ACP client 22 and a power control unit 23 as shown in FIG.
- the ACP client 22 is configured to play a role of mediating communication between the application 21 and the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the ACP client 22 can also be called an in-vehicle relay module.
- the ACP client 22 can be arranged for each ECU 2 or for each application 21 .
- the ACP client 22 is also implemented by hardware such as a CPU executing ACP client software, which is predetermined software.
- the ACP client 22 transmits a communication start request from the application 21 to the in-vehicle communication device 1 and also transmits a response from the in-vehicle communication device 1 to the communication start request to the application 21 .
- the ACP client 22 notifies the in-vehicle communication device 1 of the application ID and ECU-ID periodically or when a predetermined event occurs. Thereby, the in-vehicle communication device 1 can identify which application 21 exists in which ECU 2 .
- the various IDs may be notified, for example, at the timing when the traveling power source is turned on or at a predetermined time.
- the function of the ACP client 22 may be provided by the application 21 itself.
- the ACP client 22 may be configured as part of the application 21 . Additionally, the ACP client 22 may be configured as hardware. Further, the ACP client 22 may be provided with the cryptographic processing unit included in the application 21 . The functional arrangement of each configuration can be changed as appropriate.
- the ACP client 22 of the ECU 2 can manage the application ID and activation state of each application 21 .
- the power control unit 23 switches the ON/OFF state of the power supply of the ECU 2 based on the instruction signal from the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the power supply control unit 23 switches the power supply of the ECU 2 from off to on based on the activation request signal input from the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the ECU 2 is basically in a state in which data communication with the application server 4 is disabled in order to reduce power consumption when the vehicle Vc is powered off. For example, when the running power supply is set to be off, the ECU 2 shifts to a power off state in which power supply to components other than the power supply control unit 23 is stopped.
- the ECU 2 may be configured to be able to set a sleep state or hibernation state in addition to ON and OFF as the power state.
- the sleep state refers to a state in which the supply of power to the arithmetic core or the like is stopped while working data, in other words, the execution state of the program, is saved in a volatile memory such as a RAM.
- the hibernation state refers to a state in which the power supply to the arithmetic core or the like is stopped while the program execution state is saved in a writable nonvolatile memory such as a flash memory.
- the power-off state described above may be, for example, a hibernation state or a sleep state.
- the power control unit 23 may be implemented as one function of the ACP client 22 . That is, the power control unit 23 may be integrated with the ACP client 22 .
- the in-vehicle sensor 3 is a sensor that detects predetermined items related to the state of the vehicle Vc.
- the in-vehicle sensor 3 includes a shift position sensor that detects the shift position, a vehicle speed sensor that detects the vehicle speed, and the like.
- the in-vehicle sensor 3 also includes a sensor/switch that detects the state of operation of the parking brake, a sensor/switch that detects the power state of the vehicle, and the like.
- the vehicle-mounted sensors 3 also include a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver as a sensor for detecting the position of the vehicle.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- Information such as the state of the vehicle power source detected by the vehicle-mounted sensor 3, the shift position, and the operating state of the parking brake may be input to the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 via the ECU 2 . That is, one or a plurality of ECUs 2 may be interposed between the vehicle-mounted sensor 3 and the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 .
- the application server 4 is equipment for providing a predetermined service in cooperation with the application 21 used in the vehicle Vc.
- the application server 4 performs predetermined processing on data received from the application 21 used in the vehicle Vc.
- the application server 4 becomes a substantial communication partner of the ECU 2 and the application 21 .
- the application server 4 corresponds to an information processing device.
- the application server 4 transmits data according to the provided service to the application 21 and collects data from the application 21 .
- the application server 4 is configured to be able to actively (spontaneously) send a message as push transmission to a specific application 21 used in a specific vehicle Vc.
- Push transmission can be understood as message transmission to the application 21 that is not operating or running in the background, in other words, to the application 21 that is not communicating with the application server 4 .
- Push transmissions are implemented using tokens.
- a token is information that acts as a search key for uniquely identifying the destination of a message or the source of a received message, and is issued by relay server 5
- the application server 4 When performing push transmission to an application 21 installed in a specific vehicle Vc, the application server 4 transmits a push request, which is a signal requesting push transmission to the vehicle-mounted communication device 1, to the relay server 5. .
- a push request includes at least one of an application ID and a token as destination information together with a message body.
- tokens are mainly used as destination information.
- the application server 4 has a token database 41 that stores data indicating the correspondence between tokens for identifying destinations and vehicles Vc. The application server 4 reads from the token database 41 the token associated with the message transmission target. Then, the message to which the read token is added is transmitted to the relay server 5 as a push request.
- DB in FIG. 1 stands for database.
- a push request issued by the application server 4 mainly corresponds to a request to start communication with a specific ECU 2 (application 21).
- the message pushed from the application server 4 may be a command instructing execution of predetermined vehicle control, such as starting an air conditioner or locking a door.
- predetermined vehicle control such as starting an air conditioner or locking a door.
- the application 21 will eventually perform data communication with the application server 4 for reporting the control result. Therefore, a command for executing predetermined vehicle control is also included in the concept of a message for starting data communication (that is, a communication start request).
- Communication between the application server 4 and the application 21 is encrypted.
- Various methods can be adopted as the cryptographic communication method.
- the application server 4 and application 21 are configured to be able to perform TLS encrypted communication.
- the application 21 and the application server 4 not only the application 21 and the application server 4 but also other devices such as the relay server 5 and the in-vehicle communication device 1 are configured to be able to perform TLS communication.
- the relay server 5 is a server that relays communication between the vehicle Vc and the application server 4 .
- the relay server 5 integrally performs communication connection control and communication state monitoring between the vehicle Vc and the application server 4 .
- the relay server 5 can communicate with the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 via the wide-area communication network 9. Become.
- the relay server 5 transmits data to the ECU 2 mounted on the specified vehicle Vc, and acquires data from the vehicle Vc.
- the relay server 5 corresponds to a server that provides main functions on the cloud side in an automotive wireless communication platform (ACP).
- ACP is a technique for enabling secure data communication between the application server 4 and the application 21 while concealing (abstracting) differences in system configuration for each vehicle. For example, the combination of an ECU whose power is turned off during parking and an ECU whose power is not turned off may differ for each vehicle Vc due to differences in model, release year (generation), grade, and the like. Also, the configuration itself of the in-vehicle system including the ECU may be different for each vehicle Vc.
- the relay server 5 plays a role of hiding, from the application server 4 side, the difference in system configuration for each vehicle and the difference in power supply state for each ECU, that is, the diversity for each vehicle Vc and each ECU 2 . Then, a pseudo constant connection is realized as if each ECU 2 and the application server 4 are always connected. Since the relay server 5 is a server that configures ACP in one aspect, it can also be called an ACP server.
- the relay server 5 is configured using a communication device 51, a server processor 52, a RAM 53, and a storage 54, as shown in FIG.
- the communication device 51 is configured to communicate with the in-vehicle communication device 1 and various application servers 4, and is configured to be capable of performing encrypted communication with other devices such as the application server 4 using, for example, TLS.
- the server processor 52 is, for example, an arithmetic core such as a CPU.
- the RAM 53 is a rewritable volatile memory.
- Storage 54 is a rewritable non-volatile memory.
- the storage 54 stores a relay server program, which is a program for relaying data communication between the in-vehicle communication device 1 and the application server 4 .
- the relay server program can also be called ACP cloud software.
- the relay server 5 By exchanging control signals with the in-vehicle communication device 1 and the application server 4, the relay server 5 acquires communication route information (so-called 5-tuple) such as address information and port numbers of various devices.
- the address information is one or both of an IP address and a MAC (Media Access Control) address.
- the relay server 5 notifies the application server 4 of information necessary for communication between the application 21 and the application server 4 , such as the port number assigned to the application 21 in the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the relay server 5 includes, for example, a token management unit G1 and a relay processing unit G2 as functional modules that are realized when the server processor 52 executes the relay server program stored in the storage 54.
- the token management unit G1 and the relay processing unit G2 respectively correspond to subsystems of the ACP cloud Gx, which is a cloud-side functional unit that constitutes the ACP.
- the token management unit G1 manages the application ID, ECU-ID, and communication device ID in association with a token as unique identification information (ID) for each combination thereof.
- a token is an ID for specifying a specific application 21 on a specific ECU 2 , and plays a role of linking the application 21 , the ECU 2 and the in-vehicle communication device 1 . Even if the same application 21 is loaded on a plurality of vehicles Vc and their application IDs are the same, the application server 4 and the relay server 5 can identify the specific vehicle Vc by using the token.
- the application 21 installed in the ECU 2 can be set as a notification destination. Also, the application server 4 and the relay server 5 can uniquely identify the sender of the received message/data by using the token.
- a token has a predetermined number of bits, for example 16 bits.
- the token management unit G1 issues a token when a predetermined token issue event occurs.
- a token issuing event for example, the case where the application 21 is newly installed in the ECU 2, or the case where the user of the vehicle Vc provided for the sharing service is changed can be adopted.
- Token issuance in other words, payout, can be executed based on a request from the application 21 , the ACP client 22 , or the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the relay server 5 as the token management unit G1 synchronizes token information related to each application server 4 by communicating with each application server 4 .
- a token associated with a certain application server 4 refers to a token associated with an application ID corresponding to the application server 4 .
- the relay server 5 as the token management unit G1 synchronizes token information related to the communication device ID of the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 by communicating with the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 .
- the token is stored in association with the port number assigned to the application 21 by the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- the relay processing unit G2 When receiving a push request from a certain application server 4, the relay processing unit G2 identifies the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 corresponding to the destination based on the token included in the push request, and sends the message to the vehicle-mounted communication device 1. to send. Based on the message transferred from the relay server 5, the in-vehicle communication device 1 secures a communication path from the application 21 to the application server 4, and starts data communication between the application 21 and the application server 4.
- the final destination of the push request is the application 21 or the ECU 2.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 corresponds to an (intermediate) destination as a transfer destination.
- the transfer destination may be identified using an application ID, port number, destination IP address, destination MAC address, or the like.
- the relay processing unit G2 When the relay processing unit G2 receives the push request and the in-vehicle communication device 1 corresponding to the destination application 21 is not connected to the wide area communication network 9, the relay processing unit G2 returns that push delivery has failed to the request source. . Note that the relay processing unit G2 suspends the push delivery based on the Wi-Fi enabled/disabled information, which will be described separately later, when the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 serving as the destination can be expected to connect to the wide area communication network 9 within a predetermined time. may be returned to the application server 4 to that effect.
- the relay server 5 may have a function of authenticating the application server 4, the in-vehicle communication device 1, the application 21, etc. as a communication partner using an electronic certificate or the like.
- Each application server 4 may have part or all of the functions provided by the relay server 5 .
- the functional arrangement can be changed as appropriate.
- Various applications 21 such as a vehicle status confirmation application, a video application, an emergency call application, a probe application, and a control support application can be installed in the vehicle Vc.
- the vehicle status confirmation application is an application for checking the vehicle status such as total mileage, remaining battery level, remaining fuel level, opening/closing status of each door, opening/closing status of each window, and interior temperature from an external device such as a smartphone.
- the vehicle state may include the lighting state of the hazard lamps and the lighting state of the interior lights.
- the open/closed state of the door includes the locked state.
- the vehicle status confirmation application uploads various information to the corresponding application server 4 when, for example, the driving power supply is turned off.
- the vehicle status confirmation application has a function of controlling the locked/unlocked state of the doors, the opening degree of the windows, and the lighting state of the lighting device based on the instruction signal from the user transmitted via the application server 4. It's okay to be there.
- the vehicle state confirmation application may be configured as an application for remotely controlling body system electrical equipment and an in-vehicle air conditioner of the vehicle Vc.
- the body system electrical equipment includes various lighting devices, door lock motors, window motors, and the like. Communication for remotely locking the door corresponds to communication with relatively high urgency, while communication for remote activation of the air conditioner corresponds to communication with relatively low urgency. Even for communications of the same application 21, the urgency, in other words, the immediacy of communication may differ depending on the content and purpose of the communication.
- a video application is, for example, an application for streaming playback of videos stored on the cloud.
- the moving image application may be an application that transfers data such as moving images recorded by the in-vehicle television system to a predetermined device such as a smartphone in cooperation with the application server 4 .
- Communication for transferring recorded data corresponds to an example of communication with a large data size and low urgency.
- the emergency call application is an application that uses an accident or an abnormality of a passenger as a trigger to contact a predetermined center or a smartphone or the like owned by the user.
- the emergency notification application may be an application that detects an abnormality related to theft, such as unauthorized unlocking of the vehicle Vc, and notifies the center or the like.
- the emergency call application corresponds to an example of the application 21 with a relatively high demand for immediacy of communication.
- the probe app is an app that uploads probe data such as road shapes recognized by an in-vehicle camera to the server.
- the application server corresponding to the probe application updates the map data by, for example, statistically integrating the probe data uploaded from multiple vehicles Vc, and transmits the updated map data to the vehicle Vc or the server for map distribution. can be done.
- a probe application corresponds to an example of an application with a large data size and low urgency.
- a control support application is an application that receives dynamic map information (that is, control support information) that serves as a reference for creating a control plan from the application server 4 periodically or when a predetermined event occurs.
- Control support information is information about semi-dynamic map elements that indicate the position and type of obstacles on the road, such as sections where traffic is restricted, the end of traffic jams, and the position of fallen objects on the road. There may be.
- the control support information may be information indicating the position and lighting state of a traffic signal existing in front of the vehicle Vc, or information indicating a running track according to the direction of travel inside or outside an intersection.
- the event that requests control support information can be, for example, that the remaining time/distance to an intersection or a merging junction becomes less than a predetermined value.
- the application server 4 corresponding to the control assistance application can distribute control assistance information according to the current position of the vehicle Vc on which the application 21 is installed, for example, based on a request from the application 21 .
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 Based on a request from the application 21 or the application server 4, the in-vehicle communication device 1 performs data communication with the application server 4 corresponding to the application 21 provided in the ECU 2 using the cellular communication function or the Wi-Fi communication function. As described above, communication between the in-vehicle communication device 1 and the application server 4 is performed via the relay server 5, the wide area communication network 9, and the cellular base station 7 or Wi-Fi base station 8.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 can selectively use the cellular line and the Wi-Fi line according to the communication traffic occurrence situation in each ECU 2. That is, the in-vehicle communication device 1 selectively uses various communication lines based on the purpose of communication and the communication status.
- the concept of communication lines/communication paths that can be used by the in-vehicle communication device 1 can include not only cellular lines but also Wi-Fi lines.
- the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 includes an in-vehicle communication unit 11, a cellular communication unit 12, a Wi-Fi communication unit 13, and a controller 14, as shown in FIG.
- the in-vehicle communication unit 11 receives transmission data output by each ECU 2 and outputs it to the controller 14 .
- the in-vehicle communication unit 11 outputs data input from the controller 14 to the ECU 2 specified as a destination.
- the in-vehicle communication unit 11 obtains the original data by separating data multiplexed and input from each ECU 2 by a predetermined method.
- the in-vehicle communication unit 11 is a circuit module for communicating with the ECU 2 via the in-vehicle network.
- the in-vehicle communication unit 11 is implemented using an analog circuit element, an IC, a PHY chip conforming to the communication standard of the in-vehicle network, or the like.
- the cellular communication unit 12 is a communication module that takes charge of the data link layer and physical layer in a wireless communication protocol such as LTE.
- the cellular communication unit 12 includes an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves in the frequency band used in LTE.
- the cellular communication unit 12 includes a transceiver that performs signal processing corresponding to conversion from a baseband signal to a high-frequency signal and its inverse conversion in accordance with the LTE communication standard, and conversion between an IP packet and a physical channel signal. and a packet processing unit that performs
- the cellular communication unit 12 establishes communication connection with the cellular base station 7 based on a predetermined signaling procedure. Also, the cellular communication unit 12 wirelessly connects to the cellular base station 7 based on a control signal from the cellular base station 7 such as CRS (Cell-specific RS). The cellular communication unit 12 performs so-called handover to switch the wirelessly connected cellular base station 7 (in other words, the serving cell) as the own vehicle moves. Note that the controller 14 may have the function of switching (reselecting) the serving cell.
- the cellular communication unit 12 continues to operate using battery power even when the vehicle Vc is powered off, such as when the vehicle is parked. Specifically, the power stored in the battery is used to periodically exchange control signals for confirming communication (maintaining connection) with the cellular base station 7 . As a result, the in-vehicle communication device 1 can maintain an online state connected to the wide area communication network 9 when it exists within the communication range of the cellular base station 7 .
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 is a communication module for connecting to the Internet via the Wi-Fi base station 8 and communicating with the application server 4.
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 corresponds to the short range communication unit.
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 is configured using an antenna for transmitting and receiving radio waves in the frequency band used in the Wi-Fi standard, such as the 2.4 GHz band and the 5 GHz band, a modulation circuit, a demodulation circuit, and the like. there is
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 emits radio signals corresponding to data input from the controller 14 . Also, the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 outputs data corresponding to the reception signal received by the antenna to the controller 14 .
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 recognizes the presence of the Wi-Fi base station 8 by receiving a beacon emitted from the Wi-Fi base station 8. A communication connection between the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 and the Wi-Fi base station 8 is controlled by the controller 14 .
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 does not necessarily have to be built in the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 .
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 may be provided outside the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 in such a manner that the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 can control its operating state.
- the operating state of the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 for example, the power state, is controlled by the controller 14 .
- the controller 14 is mainly composed of a computer equipped with a processor 15, a RAM 16, a storage 17, and a bus connecting them.
- Processor 15 is hardware for arithmetic processing coupled with RAM 16 .
- the processor 15 is configured to include at least one arithmetic core such as a CPU.
- the processor 15 accesses the RAM 16 to perform various processes.
- the storage 17 is configured to include a non-volatile storage medium such as flash memory.
- a communication control program is stored in the storage 17 as a program executed by the processor 15 . Execution of the program by the processor 15 corresponds to execution of a communication control method, which is a method corresponding to the communication control program.
- information for example, profiles
- APNs Access Point Names
- Wi-Fi SSIDs Service Set Identifiers
- the controller 14 includes, as functional blocks, a cellular control unit F1, a Wi-Fi control unit F2, a parking detection unit F3, a Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4, a Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5, a relay processing unit F6, and an activation instruction unit. Equipped with F7.
- the relay processing unit F6 includes, as sub-functions, a request reception unit F61, a route allocation unit F62, and an ID management unit F63.
- Each of the functional units provided in the controller 14 corresponds to a subsystem of the ACP engine Fx, which is a vehicle-side functional unit that constitutes the ACP.
- the cellular control unit F1 controls the operation of the cellular communication unit 12.
- the cellular control unit F1 basically drives the cellular communication unit 12 all the time.
- the case of stopping the cellular communication unit 12 is assumed, for example, when it detects that a user operation for stopping cellular communication has been performed, or when the remaining battery level falls below a predetermined limit value.
- the cellular control unit F1 executes procedures for establishing a cellular line in response to the occurrence of a predetermined connection event.
- the connection event is when the software of the controller 14 itself is updated, when the in-vehicle communication device 1 is restarted due to a problem, or when the cellular communication function is enabled by the user or the staff of the maintenance shop. etc.
- Procedures for establishing a communication connection include transmission of an attach request, transmission of APN information, and the like.
- the Wi-Fi control unit F2 controls the operation of the Wi-Fi communication unit 13.
- the Wi-Fi control unit F2 corresponds to the short range communication control unit.
- the controller 14 starts communication connection with the Wi-Fi base station 8 based on the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 receiving the beacon. That is, it exchanges control signals with the Wi-Fi base station 8 for obtaining an IP address and setting security (exchange of encryption keys, etc.).
- the Wi-Fi control unit F2 cuts off power supply to the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 when the parking detection unit F3 detects that the vehicle is parked. In other words, the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 is switched off.
- the OFF state corresponds to a state in which operation is stopped. Accordingly, even if the own vehicle is within the communication range of the Wi-Fi base station 8 and the Wi-Fi connection is possible, the Wi-Fi connection is temporarily disconnected.
- the Wi-Fi connection here refers to connecting to the wide area communication network 9 using Wi-Fi communication.
- Wi-Fi control unit F2 switches the power supply to the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 from off to on when a predetermined Wi-Fi activation condition is satisfied.
- Wi-Fi activation conditions include normal activation conditions and parking activation conditions.
- the normal start condition for example, it is possible to adopt that the driving power supply is turned on.
- the parked activation condition is that a communication start request arrives from the application 21 or the application server 4 while the vehicle is parked and a Wi-Fi connection flag, which will be described later, is set to ON. can be done. Since the Wi-Fi connection is basically set to OFF while the vehicle is parked, a communication start request from the application server 4 is received via the cellular line.
- the parking detection unit F3 detects that the own vehicle is parked based on the signal input from the in-vehicle sensor 3. Detecting that the vehicle has been parked corresponds to determining that the vehicle has been parked. For example, the parking detection unit F3 determines that the vehicle is parked when the power source for running is set to OFF. The parking detection unit F3 may determine that the vehicle is parked based on the fact that the shift position is set to the parking position. The parking detection unit F3 may determine that the vehicle is parked when the shift position is set to the parking position and the parking brake is set to ON. The conditions for determining that the own vehicle is parked can be changed as appropriate.
- the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 cooperates with the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 to perform Wi-Fi communication at the parking point based on the parking detection unit F3 detecting that the vehicle is parked. is used to determine whether connection to the wide area communication network 9 is possible.
- the Wi-Fi enable/disable determination unit F4 corresponds to the short range communication enable/disable determination unit.
- the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 transmits a predetermined confirmation message to the relay server 5 using Wi-Fi communication based on the fact that the vehicle is parked by the parking detection unit F3. do. Then, when the Wi-Fi possibility/impossibility determination unit F4 can receive a predetermined response message from the relay server 5, it determines that the Wi-Fi connection is possible. In addition, when the message transmission to the relay server 5 fails, or when the response message from the relay server 5 is not received even after a predetermined response waiting time has passed, the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 Determine that Wi-Fi connection is not possible. The determination result of the Wi-Fi enable/disable determination unit F4 is held using, for example, a Wi-Fi connection flag, which is a processing flag.
- a state in which the Wi-Fi connection flag is on (1) corresponds to a state in which Wi-Fi connection is possible.
- a state in which the Wi-Fi connection flag is off (0) corresponds to a state in which Wi-Fi connection is not possible.
- the determination result of the Wi-Fi availability determining unit F4 indicates whether or not the parking spot where the vehicle is parked is a Wi-Fi connectable spot.
- the determination result of the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 that is, the Wi-Fi connection flag is saved in the RAM 16 or storage 17.
- the Wi-Fi connection flag may be stored in a storage medium that retains data even when the power for running is turned off. Note that the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 may determine whether the Wi-Fi connection is available by attempting communication with a predetermined application server 4 instead of the relay server 5 via Wi-Fi.
- the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 of this embodiment not only determines whether a beacon from the Wi-Fi base station 8 is received, but also enables data communication with an external device such as the relay server 5. Confirm that the communication network 9 can be connected. According to this configuration, although the Wi-Fi connection is actually impossible due to a connection failure or the like between the Wi-Fi base station 8 and the wide area communication network 9, it is mistakenly assumed that the Wi-Fi connection is possible. The fear of judgment can be reduced.
- the Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5 reports to the relay server 5 Wi-Fi availability information indicating the determination result of the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4.
- the reporting of the Wi-Fi availability information by the Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5 may be carried out by Wi-Fi communication or may be carried out by a cellular line.
- the relay server 5 grasps whether the vehicle using the in-vehicle communication device 1 is parked and whether it is in an environment where Wi-Fi connection is possible. do.
- the relay server 5 based on the reception of the message for confirming whether the Wi-Fi connection is possible from the in-vehicle communication device 1, determines that the target vehicle has shifted to the parking state and that the Wi-Fi connection is possible. environment.
- the Wi-Fi availability reporting section F5 corresponds to the reporting section.
- the request reception unit F61 is a module that receives requests for data communication from inside and outside the vehicle.
- a communication start request from inside the vehicle corresponds to a communication start request from the ECU 2 /application 21
- a communication start request from outside the vehicle corresponds to a communication start request from the application server 4 . Since the communication start request from the application server 4 reaches the in-vehicle communication device 1 via the relay server 5 , the communication start request from outside the vehicle can be interpreted as the communication start request from the relay server 5 .
- the request receiving unit F61 receives a communication start request between the application 21 and the corresponding application server 4 based on the reception of the communication start request from the application 21 . Further, when the relay server 5 notifies that there is data for the application 21 specified by the application server 4, the request reception unit F61 issues a communication start request between the target application 21 and the application server 4. accept.
- the route allocation unit F62 secures a source port for the application 21 and establishes a communication route from the application 21 to the application server 4. set.
- a source port is assigned to each application 21 . That is, one application ID is set for one port. Note that a plurality of ports may be assigned to one application.
- the elements that make up the communication path can include types of communication lines such as cellular lines and Wi-Fi lines, as well as allocated frequencies and types of communication protocols. Communication protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
- the route allocation unit F62 sets a communication route according to the running state of the own vehicle, the availability of Wi-Fi communication, and the characteristics of the application 21/data communication. For example, when the vehicle is parked and Wi-Fi communication is possible, the route allocation unit F62 preferentially allocates Wi-Fi communication regardless of the type of the application 21 . In other words, cellular communication is assigned as communication means between the application 21 and the application server 4 when Wi-Fi communication is disabled while the vehicle is parked.
- the route allocation unit F62 allocates a cellular line with low latency to the application 21 that requires, for example, real-time performance or communication stability.
- applications 21 expected to have a relatively large data size such as probe data and software update data, are preferentially assigned to Wi-Fi communication or put on hold to start communication.
- the ID management unit F63 manages which ECU 2 has the application 21 based on the notification from each ACP client 22.
- the ID management unit F63 associates the application ID of each application 21, the ECU-ID, and the token, and stores them in a memory such as the RAM 16 or the like.
- a token for each application 21 is acquired through communication with the relay server 5 .
- the ID management unit F63 also manages the port number assigned to each application 21 by the route allocation unit F62 in association with the application ID and the token.
- the ID management unit F63 notifies the relay server 5 of the port number for each application ID or each token together with the communication device ID and the ECU-ID.
- the controller 14 as the relay processing unit F6 returns a communication permission response, which is a message to the effect that communication is permitted, to the ACP client 22.
- the communication authorization response contains at least the source port number.
- the on-vehicle communication device 1 may include a source IP address, a destination IP address, a destination port number, and a protocol in the communication permission response.
- the relay processing unit F6 Upon receiving a communication start request from the application server 4, the relay processing unit F6 identifies the ECU 2 to which the application 21 corresponding to the destination belongs based on the token managed by the ID management unit F63. Then, the relay processing unit F6 cooperates with the in-vehicle communication unit 11 and transmits the received data to the selected ECU2. When the ECU 2 corresponding to the communication partner of the application server 4 is powered off, the relay processing unit F6 requests the activation instructing unit F7 to activate the target ECU 2. It waits until the power source of the ECU 2 is turned on.
- the activation instruction unit F7 When the ECU 2 corresponding to the destination of the push information is powered off, the activation instruction unit F7 outputs an activation request signal, which is a control signal for switching to the power-on state, toward the ECU 2 .
- the relay processing unit F6 transmits the message/data from the application server 4 toward the ECU 2 whose power is on.
- the relay processing unit F6 The Wi-Fi control unit F2 is requested to activate the Fi communication unit 13.
- the Wi-Fi control unit F2 activates the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 assuming that the parking activation condition is satisfied.
- the controller 14 establishes the Wi-Fi connection.
- the application 21 is caused to start data communication.
- the route allocation unit F62 selects Wi-Fi communication as the communication route for the application 21.
- the operation of the in-vehicle communication device 1 when the vehicle is parked will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- a series of processes of the in-vehicle communication device 1 that are performed when the vehicle is parked will be referred to as parking-related processes.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is executed at predetermined determination cycles while predetermined execution conditions are satisfied, such as when the vehicle speed is equal to or less than a predetermined value (for example, 0) or when the driving power supply is set to ON. It can be executed repeatedly. A determination period of 100 milliseconds, 200 milliseconds, 1 second, or the like can be adopted.
- the parking-related processing includes steps S11 to S14. It should be noted that the number of steps constituting the parking-related processing and the order of execution can be changed as appropriate.
- step S11 the parking detection unit F3 determines whether or not the vehicle is parked based on the information input from the in-vehicle sensor 3. For example, it is determined that the own vehicle is parked based on the fact that the driving power supply is turned off. If it is determined that the vehicle is not parked, a negative determination is made in step S11 and this flow ends. When it is determined that the vehicle is parked, an affirmative determination is made in step S11 and the process proceeds to step S12.
- step S12 the Wi-Fi availability determination unit F4 determines whether or not Wi-Fi connection is possible at the parking spot, and the process proceeds to step S13.
- step S13 the Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5 transmits the determination result in step S12 to the relay server 5, and the process proceeds to step S14.
- step S14 the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 shifts to power saving mode.
- the power saving mode can be a state in which, for example, the power supply to the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 is cut off and the operation is stopped.
- Such a power saving mode corresponds to a mode in which the in-vehicle communication unit 11, the cellular communication unit 12 and the controller 14 operate normally.
- the power saving mode may be a mode that suspends some or all of the functions of the controller 14 in addition to suspending the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 .
- the controller 14 may be configured to return to the normal mode when the in-vehicle communication unit 11 or the cellular communication unit 12 receives a signal corresponding to the communication start request.
- the power saving mode can be set to a state in which only the in-vehicle communication unit 11, the cellular communication unit 12, and the request reception unit F61 are operating.
- the normal mode corresponds to a state in which the power saving mode is not set, that is, a state in which the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 and the like are operating.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram when a demand for communication arises in the application server 4, in other words, when a push request is transmitted.
- FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram when communication demand arises in the ECU 2 .
- the ECU 2 and the application 21 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 can be any ECU 2 and the application 21 .
- the application server 4 shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7 is the application server 4 corresponding to the application 21 with which ECU2 shown in FIG.5 and FIG.6 is provided.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 establishes a communication connection with the relay server 5 using a cellular line.
- the relay server 5 and the application server 4 are also in a state of being able to communicate with each other, and perform communication and data communication for communication confirmation at any time.
- the application server 4 When the application server 4 generates transmission data for the application 21 while the vehicle Vc is parked (step S21), the application server 4 transmits a push request as a communication start request to the relay server 5 (step S21). S22).
- the push request includes a message body and a token corresponding to the destination application 21 .
- the application server 4 may notify the relay server 5 of communication condition information, which is information that serves as reference for communication control, such as an allowable waiting time and an assumed data size.
- the communication condition information may be included in the push request or sent separately.
- the allowable waiting time is a parameter that indicates the allowable length of time until the start of communication.
- the assumed data size is a parameter indicating the size of data scheduled to be transmitted.
- the relay server 5 Upon receiving the push request from the application server 4, the relay server 5 identifies the in-vehicle communication device 1 and the application 21 to which the message is sent, based on the token attached to the message. Then, a message from the application server 4 is transmitted to the in-vehicle communication device 1 (step S23). At least one of the application ID and the token is also added to the message sent in this step.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 When the in-vehicle communication device 1 receives the message from the relay server 5 via cellular (step S23a), it refers to the set value (on/off) of the Wi-Fi connection flag to determine whether Wi-Fi connection is possible. is determined (step S24). If the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to ON (step S24 YES), the Wi-Fi control unit F2 activates the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 (step S25). Then, it exchanges control signals for obtaining an IP address, exchanging encryption keys, etc. with the Wi-Fi base station 8, and connects to the wide area communication network 9 by Wi-Fi communication.
- the route allocation unit F62 allocates Wi-Fi communication as the communication line between the application 21 and the application server 4 (step S26). On the other hand, if the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to OFF (step S24 NO), the route allocation unit F62 allocates cellular communication as the communication line between the application 21 and the application server 4 (step S27).
- the application 21 and ECU 2 to be processed are specified based on the application ID or token added to the message.
- the activation instruction unit F7 activates the ECU 2 and sends a message from the application server 4 to the application 21 (step S28). It should be noted that the activation process of the ECU 2 by the activation instruction section F7 can be omitted when the ECU 2 is already powered on.
- step S29 Upon receiving the message from the application server 4 via the ACP client 22, the application 21 returns a predetermined message to the application server 4 (step S29).
- the message transmitted in step S29 may be, for example, an initial message (so-called ClientHello) for starting TLS communication, or may be another predetermined message.
- step S30 The application 21 and the application server 4 establish a session by exchanging messages in a predetermined data communication sequence such as a handshake protocol, and start encrypted communication (step S30).
- Data communication between the application server 4 and the application 21 is started by the above processing.
- step S30 can be omitted if the content of the push request does not require two-way communication.
- the processing after step S29 can be omitted.
- the application 21 can spontaneously output a communication start request based on a preset schedule, such as communication for software update.
- the application 21 may issue a request to start communication when a predetermined report event such as detection of vibration exceeding a predetermined threshold, breakage of a window, unauthorized unlocking, or the like is detected. Reporting events can include things like leaving a child in the car.
- the ECU 2 shifts from the OFF state to the ON state and activates the application 21 based on a preset schedule or detection of a predetermined event.
- the ECU 2 described here may be an ECU 2 that maintains an ON state even during parking.
- the application 21 When the application 21 generates transmission data for the application server 4 while the vehicle Vc is parked, the application 21 transmits a communication start request to the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 via the ACP client 22 (step S41).
- the communication initiation request includes at least an application ID or token.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 When the in-vehicle communication device 1 receives a communication start request from the ECU 2 (step S41a), it first secures a port for the application 21 as a communication request source. If the port for the request source has already been secured, securing the port may be omitted.
- the route allocation unit F62 allocates a new port to the application 21, the ID management unit F63 associates the port number allocated to the target application 21 with at least one of the application ID and the token and relays the port number. Notify the server 5.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 refers to the set value of the Wi-Fi connection flag and determines whether Wi-Fi connection is possible (step S42). If the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to ON (step S42 YES), the Wi-Fi control unit F2 activates the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 (step S43). Also, it performs routing processing according to a predetermined signaling procedure, and connects to the wide area communication network 9 by Wi-Fi communication. Then, the route allocation unit F62 allocates Wi-Fi communication as a communication line between the application 21 and the application server 4 (step S44). On the other hand, when the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to OFF, the route allocation unit F62 allocates cellular communication as the communication line between the application 21 and the application server 4 (step S45).
- the communication authorization response can include routing information such as the source port number and IP address, for example.
- the application 21 acquires the communication permission response via the ACP client 22, it exchanges messages with the application server 4 in a predetermined data communication sequence to establish a session and start encrypted communication (step S47). Data transmission from the application 21 to the application server 4 and the like are performed by the above processing.
- Patent Document 1 does not mention at all how to control the communication line in the in-vehicle communication device when the driving power supply is turned off after parking is completed.
- the power consumption of the battery is large if both communication modules are activated even while the car is parked.
- Wi-Fi communication modules consume more power than cellular communication modules.
- the developers of the present disclosure considered a configuration in which the operation of the Wi-Fi communication module is stopped while the operation of the cellular communication module is continued while the vehicle is parked.
- the present disclosure has been made based on the above considerations or points of view, and one of the purposes thereof is to provide a communication device and a communication processing system capable of reducing cellular communication traffic while suppressing power consumption during parking. , to provide a communication control method.
- Wi-Fi communication is assigned as a communication path between the application 21 and the application server 4 . That is, before the application 21-application server 4 data communication is started, the Wi-Fi connection is established and communication is performed via Wi-Fi. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the amount of communication on the cellular line while the vehicle is parked. In other words, it is possible to achieve both suppression of cellular communication traffic and reduction of power consumption.
- the relay server 5 also holds Wi-Fi availability information as a more preferred embodiment.
- the relay server 5 in response to a communication start request from the application server 4, the relay server 5 can return a response according to whether Wi-Fi connection is possible. For example, when the in-vehicle communication device 1 cannot be connected to Wi-Fi at a parking spot, the relay server 5, in response to a large-capacity communication start request that is not urgent, communicates to the application server 4 as a request source. A non-response may be returned. A no communication response can be a message requesting that communication is not possible now or to try again after a certain amount of time.
- Non-urgent communications are communications for which the allowable waiting time is set to 12 hours, 1 day, 1 week, etc.
- distribution of software update data for an application 21 that is not related to vehicle travel control such as an entertainment application 21 such as a video application, may correspond to non-urgent communication.
- an entertainment application 21 such as a video application
- the allowable waiting time for software distribution may be appropriately set by the software distributor.
- the relay server 5 can send a response corresponding to the communication state of the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 without inquiring the vehicle-mounted communication device 1. , can be returned to the application server 4.
- the relay server 5 changes the state of the in-vehicle communication device 1 in response to the push request from the application server 4. It becomes possible to implement a more appropriate response in response.
- the parking point may be a place where cellular communication is not possible, that is, outside the communication range of the cellular base station 7 .
- a request to start communication from the application server 4 cannot be delivered to the in-vehicle communication device 1 when Wi-Fi connection is possible at the parking spot but outside the cellular communication range. Therefore, when the cellular communication is out of range at the parking point and the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to ON, the controller 14 may intermittently activate the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 at predetermined polling intervals. .
- the polling interval can be, for example, 5 minutes or 10 minutes.
- the polling interval may be set according to the responsiveness required by the service (application). It is assumed that the setting value of the polling interval is registered in advance in the relay server 5 by communication with the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 or as a system design value.
- the relay server 5 is configured to hold the push request for a predetermined time corresponding to the polling interval upon receiving the push request addressed to the in-vehicle communication device 1 with the Wi-Fi connection flag set to ON. It shall be A state in which a push request is held corresponds to a state in which retries are repeated at regular intervals, or a state in which a message can be transmitted based on an inquiry from the in-vehicle communication device 1 .
- step S51 the cellular control unit F1 determines whether wireless connection with the cellular base station 7 has been established based on the signal from the cellular base station 7. If cellular communication is not possible, that is, if the parking spot is outside the cellular communication range, an affirmative decision is made in step S51 and the process proceeds to step S52. On the other hand, if the cellular communication is possible, a negative decision is made in step S51, and this flow ends. Whether or not cellular communication is possible may be managed by a cellular connection flag, which is a processing flag.
- step S52 it is determined whether or not the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to ON.
- the process moves to step S53.
- the Wi-Fi connection flag is set to OFF, this flow ends.
- step S53 the Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5 reports the communication environment of the parking spot to the relay server 5 via Wi-Fi. That is, it notifies that the Wi-Fi connection is possible but the cellular communication is impossible.
- the Wi-Fi availability reporting unit F5 informs the relay server 5 of the current polling interval setting. You can notify the value.
- step S54 the polling timer, which is a timer for activating the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 and connecting to the network, is activated, and the process proceeds to step S55.
- the polling timer is configured to continue operating even in the power save mode.
- step S55 the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 shifts to power saving mode.
- step S56 it is determined whether or not the polling timer has expired. For example, if the polling timer does not output a signal indicating that the polling timer has expired, the flow advances to step S57 to determine whether or not the running power source has been turned on. Step S57 corresponds to a step of determining whether or not the parking state has been released. If the running power source remains off, the determinations of steps S56 and S57 are repeated. When the polling timer expires, step S58 is executed.
- step S58 the in-vehicle communication device 1 returns to the normal mode and executes processing related to Wi-Fi connection.
- step S59 is executed.
- the request receiving unit F61 communicates with the relay server 5 to confirm whether or not a message (data) for the own vehicle has arrived at the relay server 5 from the application server 4.
- step S60 If the relay server 5 has not received the message for the own vehicle, a negative decision is made in S60, and the processes from step S54 onward are executed again.
- the message for the host vehicle has arrived at the relay server 5
- an affirmative determination is made in S60 and S61 is executed.
- S61 the message arriving at the relay server 5 is acquired via Wi-Fi, and a response corresponding to the message is made.
- the application 21 communicates with the application server 4 to receive distribution data from the application server 4 and transmit data requested by the application server 4 .
- the series of communication processes in S61 is completed, the processes after step S54 are executed again.
- the Wi-Fi communication unit 13 is periodically activated as described above and the presence or absence of a communication start request from the application server 4 is confirmed to the relay server 5 via Wi-Fi, battery consumption can be suppressed. , it is possible to achieve a certain degree of serviceability even outside the cellular service area.
- the polling interval may be dynamically changed according to the elapsed time since the vehicle was parked or the time period. For example, immediately after the vehicle is parked, there is a relatively high possibility that the user will notice that the user has forgotten to lock the door or close the window, and will want to operate the vehicle remotely. Therefore, in a state where the elapsed time since parking is less than the predetermined wait-and-see time, the polling interval may be shorter than when the elapsed time after parking is equal to or longer than the wait-and-see time. For example, if the elapsed time since the vehicle was parked is longer than the wait-and-see time, the polling interval is set to a relatively long value such as 5 minutes or 10 minutes.
- the polling interval is 2 minutes, or a value that is less than half the value applied when the elapsed time since parking is longer than the wait-and-see time.
- the wait-and-see time is, for example, 15 minutes or 30 minutes, and may be set by the user.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 identifies a time at which the driving power supply is likely to be set to ON based on the history of the user's daily usage start time of the own vehicle, and before and after that time, within the wait-and-see time period. may have shorter polling intervals than other time periods.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be configured such that the polling interval is shorter in a time period specified in advance by the user than in other time periods.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be configured to be able to set the polling interval for each time period based on the user's operation.
- the relay server 5 can identify that the in-vehicle communication device 1 exists outside the cellular service area and is Wi-Fi connectable, the relay server 5 immediately sends the push request to the application server 4. You may notify that communication is not possible. As a notification that communication is not possible immediately, it is possible to adopt any of (i) a standby instruction, (ii) waiting time until communication starts, or (iii) transmission of a message indicating that communication is not possible. More specifically, the content to be notified as the waiting time until the start of communication may be notification of the set value of the polling interval, or the time when communication becomes possible next time or the remaining time until that time. .
- the relay server 5 When communication cannot be started immediately because the in-vehicle communication device 1 is out of the cellular service area, the relay server 5 notifies the application server 4 to that effect. It is possible to perform processing according to the characteristics of For example, the application server 4 can implement an alternative response such as sending a predetermined message to a smartphone or the like owned by the user. More specifically, it is possible to display the waiting time on the screen of a smartphone or the like held by the user, and to display an option for selecting whether to wait for a response from the vehicle or cancel it.
- the application server 4 may transmit to the relay server 5, as the push request, data to which attribute information indicating whether or not the message requires immediacy, such as the allowable waiting time, is added.
- the relay server 5 receives a push request destined for the in-vehicle communication device 1 with the Wi-Fi connection flag set to ON, different processing is performed based on the result of comparison between the requested immediacy and the polling interval.
- the relay server 5 pushes the polling interval and the remaining time until the destination vehicle-mounted communication device 1/ECU 2/application 21 becomes ready for communication next time. You can notify the source.
- the relay server 5 identifies the communication environment at the parking point of the on-board communication device 1 based on the report from the on-board communication device 1. is not limited to this.
- the relay server 5 and the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be configured to periodically transmit and receive messages for communication confirmation.
- the relay server 5 can identify that the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 is in an environment in which neither cellular communication nor Wi-Fi connection is possible, based on the fact that the state in which communication cannot be confirmed has continued for a period of time corresponding to the polling interval or longer. can.
- the relay server 5 intermittently enables data communication with the in-vehicle communication device 1 at a period corresponding to the polling interval.
- a connection may be determined to exist in a possible environment.
- the relay server 5 When the relay server 5 receives a push request whose destination is the ECU 2/application 21 associated with the in-vehicle communication device 1 determined to be in an environment in which neither cellular communication nor Wi-Fi connection is possible, the destination may notify that communication is impossible.
- the relay server 5 receives a push request addressed to the ECU 2/application 21 associated with the in-vehicle communication device 1 capable of cellular communication but not Wi-Fi connectable, assumed data provided from the application server 4 is received. The response may vary depending on size.
- the application server 4 can perform measures such as displaying a screen asking whether or not large-capacity communication can be performed on a terminal such as a smartphone owned by a user.
- the relay server may change the response to the push request from the application server 4 according to the communication state of the in-vehicle communication device 1, in other words, the communication environment at the parking point.
- FIG. 9 is a table summarizing an example of a response policy according to the communication state of the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 described above.
- the vehicle-mounted communication device 1 cannot perform cellular communication but can connect to Wi-Fi, various responses can be adopted according to the immediacy required for the service.
- the short-range communication unit may be a module that performs communication conforming to the Bluetooth (registered trademark) standard.
- the short range communication unit may be a communication module that performs Impulse Radio (IR) Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication.
- the short-range communication may conform to the DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) corresponding to the IEEE802.11p standard or the WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment) standard disclosed in IEEE1609 or the like.
- Short range communication in one aspect, can be communication that can be networked via a wireless LAN/access point.
- An access point is a facility that forms a wireless LAN.
- the concept of access point can include not only routers but also roadside units.
- the cellular communication unit 12 can be understood as a communication module capable of network connection using communication using a mobile phone line or SIM.
- the short range communication may be cellular V2X, such as C-V2X (LTE-V2X), NR-V2X (5G-V2X), LTE Direct.
- the short range communication unit may be included in the cellular communication unit as one functional element of the cellular communication unit.
- the in-vehicle communication device 1 may wirelessly connect to the roadside device by cellular V2X, and communicate with the relay server 5 and the application server 4 via the roadside device.
- V2X is an abbreviation for Vehicle to X (everything/something), and refers to a communication technology that directly connects a vehicle to various things.
- the concept of V2X includes road-to-vehicle communication and vehicle-to-vehicle communication.
- NR stands for New Radio.
- the apparatus, systems, and techniques described in the present disclosure may be implemented by a special purpose computer comprising a processor programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by the computer program. .
- the apparatus and techniques described in this disclosure may also be implemented using dedicated hardware logic.
- the apparatus and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by one or more special purpose computers configured in combination with a processor executing a computer program and one or more hardware logic circuits.
- part or all of the functions of the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be implemented as hardware.
- Implementation of a function as hardware includes implementation using one or more ICs.
- a CPU, MPU, GPU, DFP (Data Flow Processor), or the like can be used as the processor (calculation core).
- the functions of the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be implemented by combining multiple types of arithmetic processing units. Some or all of the functions of the in-vehicle communication device 1 may be implemented using a system-on-chip (SoC), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or the like.
- SoC system-on-chip
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- the computer program may also be stored as computer-executable instructions on a computer-readable non-transitory tangible storage medium.
- a HDD Hard-disk Drive
- an SSD Solid State Drive
- flash memory an SD (Secure Digital) card, or the like can be used as a program storage medium.
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Abstract
Description
車両Vcには、車両状態確認アプリや、動画アプリ、緊急通報アプリ、プローブアプリ、制御支援アプリなど、多様なアプリ21が搭載されうる。車両状態確認アプリは、総走行距離や、バッテリー残量、燃料残量、各ドアの開閉状態、各窓の開閉状態、室内温度といった車両の状態をスマートフォンなどの外部デバイスから確認するためのアプリである。車両状態には、ハザードランプの点灯状態や、室内灯の点灯状態が含まれていても良い。ドアの開閉状態には施錠状態も含まれる。
車載通信機1は、アプリ21又はアプリサーバ4からの要求に基づき、セルラー通信機能又はWi-Fi通信機能を用いて、ECU2が備えるアプリ21に対応するアプリサーバ4とデータ通信を実施する。前述の通り、車載通信機1とアプリサーバ4との通信は、中継サーバ5や広域通信ネットワーク9、及び、セルラー基地局7又はWi-Fi基地局8を介して行われる。
ここでは図5に示すフローチャートを用いて、自車両が駐車されるシーンでの車載通信機1の作動について説明する。便宜上、駐車時に行う車載通信機1の一連の処理を駐車関連処理と称する。図5に示すフローチャートは、車速が所定値以下(例えば0)である場合や、走行用電源がオンに設定されている場合など、所定の実行条件が充足されている間、所定の判定周期で繰り返し実行されうる。判定周期としては100ミリ秒や200ミリ秒、1秒などを採用することができる。ここでは一例として駐車関連処理は、ステップS11~S14を備える。なお、駐車関連処理を構成するステップ数や実行順番は適宜変更可能である。
次に、図6及び図7に示すシーケンス図を用いて、車両Vcが駐車されている間に、通信開始要求が発生した場合の各装置での作動について説明する。図6は、アプリサーバ4で通信需要が生じた場合、換言すれば、プッシュ要求を送信した場合のシーケンス図である。図7は、ECU2で通信需要が生じた場合のシーケンス図である。
駐車地点がセルラー通信できない場所、すなわちセルラー基地局7の通信圏外であることもあり得る。上記の構成では、駐車地点においてWi-Fi接続可能だがセルラー通信圏外である場合には、アプリサーバ4からの通信開始要求を車載通信機1に送達できない。そこで、駐車地点においてセルラー通信が圏外であって且つWi-Fi接続フラグがオンに設定されている場合、コントローラ14は所定のポーリング間隔でWi-Fi通信部13を間欠的に起動させてもよい。ポーリング間隔は、例えば5分や10分などとすることができる。ポーリング間隔はサービス(アプリケーション)が要求する応答性に応じて設定されればよい。ポーリング間隔の設定値は、車載通信機1との通信により、又はシステム設計値として、中継サーバ5に事前に登録されているものとする。
<付言(1)>
Claims (10)
- 少なくとも1つの車載装置が車両外部に存在する情報処理装置とデータ通信を実施するためのインターフェースとして車両で使用される通信機であって、
狭域通信を実施する狭域通信部(13)の動作を制御する狭域通信制御部(F2)と、
車載センサ(3)からの信号に基づき、前記車両が駐車されたことを検出する駐車検出部(F3)と、
前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出した地点において、前記狭域通信を用いた前記データ通信が可能であるか否かを判定し、その判定結果を所定のメモリ(16、17)に保存する狭域通信可否判定部(F4)と、
前記車載装置と前記情報処理装置の何れか一方から他方との前記データ通信の開始を要求するメッセージである通信開始要求を受信する要求受付部(F61)と、を備え、
前記狭域通信制御部は、前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出したことに基づいて前記狭域通信部の動作を停止させ、
前記車両が駐車されており、且つ、前記狭域通信を用いた前記データ通信が可能であることを示すデータが前記メモリに記録されている状態において、前記要求受付部が前記通信開始要求を受信した場合には、前記狭域通信制御部が前記狭域通信部の動作を再開させたのちに、前記狭域通信を用いて前記車載装置に前記情報処理装置と前記データ通信を実施させるように構成されている通信機。 - 請求項1に記載の通信機であって、
前記狭域通信可否判定部は、前記狭域通信を用いたデータ通信が可能か否かを、前記情報処理装置又はネットワーク上の他の装置と実際に所定のメッセージを送受信することで判定するように構成されている通信機。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の通信機であって、
セルラー通信を実施するためのセルラー通信部(12)の動作を制御するセルラー制御部(F1)を備え、
前記セルラー制御部は、前記車両が駐車されている場合であっても前記セルラー通信部の動作は継続させ、
前記要求受付部は、前記セルラー通信によって前記情報処理装置からの前記通信開始要求を受信可能に構成されている通信機。 - 前記情報処理装置と相互通信可能に構成された中継サーバ(5)を介して、前記情報処理装置と通信するように構成された、請求項3に記載の通信機であって、
前記狭域通信可否判定部の判定結果を前記中継サーバに送信するように構成されている通信機。 - 請求項4に記載の通信機であって、
前記狭域通信制御部は、前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出した地点において前記セルラー通信が不可である場合には、前記車両が駐車されている間、所定のポーリング間隔で前記狭域通信部を間欠的に動作させるように構成されている通信機。 - 車載装置(2)が車両外部に存在する情報処理装置とデータ通信を実施するためのインターフェースとして車両で使用される通信機(1)と、前記通信機と前記情報処理装置との通信を中継するサーバである中継サーバ(5)と、を含む通信処理システムであって、
前記通信機は、
狭域通信を実施する狭域通信部(13)の動作を制御する狭域通信制御部(F2)と、
セルラー通信を実施するためのセルラー通信部(12)の動作を制御するセルラー制御部(F1)と、
車載センサ(3)からの信号に基づき、前記車両が駐車されたことを検出する駐車検出部(F3)と、
前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出した地点において、前記狭域通信を用いた前記データ通信が可能であるか否かを判定し、その判定結果を所定のメモリ(16、17)に保存する狭域通信可否判定部(F4)と、
前記車載装置と前記情報処理装置の何れか一方から他方との前記データ通信の開始を要求するメッセージである通信開始要求を受信する要求受付部(F61)と、
前記狭域通信可否判定部の判定結果を前記中継サーバに送信する報告部(F5)と、を備え、
前記狭域通信制御部は、前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出したことに基づいて前記狭域通信部の動作を停止させるとともに、前記車両が駐車されたことを前記駐車検出部が検出した地点において前記セルラー通信が不可であって且つ前記狭域通信による前記データ通信が可能である場合には、所定のポーリング間隔で前記狭域通信部を間欠的に動作させるように構成されており、
前記中継サーバは、
前記通信機からの報告及び前記通信機との疎通確認の結果の少なくとも何れか一方に基づき、前記通信機が前記セルラー通信を実施不可であるか否か、及び、前記狭域通信による前記データ通信が可能であるか否かを特定し、
前記通信機が前記セルラー通信を実施可能であるか否か及び前記狭域通信による前記データ通信が可能であるか否かの組み合わせに応じて、前記情報処理装置からの前記通信開始要求に対する応答を変更するように構成されている通信処理システム。 - 請求項6に記載の通信処理システムであって、
前記中継サーバは、前記通信機が前記セルラー通信を実施不可であり、且つ、前記狭域通信による前記データ通信が可能である状態において、前記情報処理装置から当該通信機に紐づく前記車載装置との前記通信開始要求を受信した場合には、当該通信開始要求を前記ポーリング間隔に応じた時間保持するとともに、前記通信機からの問い合わせを受信したことに基づいて当該通信開始要求を送信するように構成されている通信処理システム。 - 請求項6又は7に記載の通信処理システムであって、
前記中継サーバは、前記通信機が前記セルラー通信を実施不可であり、且つ、前記狭域通信による前記データ通信が可能である状態において、前記情報処理装置から当該通信機に紐づく前記車載装置との前記通信開始要求を受信した場合には、当該通信開始要求の送信元に対し、即座には通信開始できないことを示すメッセージを返送するように構成されている通信処理システム。 - 請求項6から8の何れか1項に記載の通信処理システムであって、
前記中継サーバは、
前記通信機と通信不能な状態が前記ポーリング間隔に対応する時間以上継続したことに基づき、当該通信機は前記セルラー通信も前記狭域通信による前記データ通信もできない環境にあると決定し、
前記セルラー通信も前記狭域通信による前記データ通信もできない環境にある前記通信機に紐づく前記車載装置との前記通信開始要求を前記情報処理装置から受信した場合には、当該通信開始要求の送信元に対して、通信開始できないことを示すメッセージを返送するように構成されている通信処理システム。 - 少なくとも1つの車載装置が車両外部に存在する情報処理装置とデータ通信を実施するための通信制御方法であって、
車載センサからの信号に基づき、前記車載装置が搭載されている車両が駐車されたことを検出すること(S11)と、
前記車両が駐車されたことが検出された場合に、前記車両が駐車された地点において、狭域通信を用いた前記データ通信が可能であるか否かを判定し、その判定結果を所定のメモリ(16、17)に保存すること(S12)と、
前記車載装置と前記情報処理装置の何れか一方から他方との前記データ通信の開始を要求するメッセージである通信開始要求を受信すること(S23a、S41a)と、
前記車両が駐車されたことを検出したことに基づいて、前記狭域通信を実施する通信モジュールである狭域通信部(13)の動作を停止させること(S14)と、
前記車両が駐車されており、且つ、前記狭域通信を用いた前記データ通信が可能であることを示すデータが前記メモリに記録されている状態において、前記通信開始要求を受信した場合には、前記狭域通信部の動作を再開させたのちに、前記狭域通信を用いて前記車載装置と前記情報処理装置との前記データ通信を実施させること(S25~S26、S43~S44)と、含む通信制御方法。
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