WO2022218699A1 - Projektionsanordnung mit einer verbundscheibe - Google Patents

Projektionsanordnung mit einer verbundscheibe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022218699A1
WO2022218699A1 PCT/EP2022/058350 EP2022058350W WO2022218699A1 WO 2022218699 A1 WO2022218699 A1 WO 2022218699A1 EP 2022058350 W EP2022058350 W EP 2022058350W WO 2022218699 A1 WO2022218699 A1 WO 2022218699A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
layer
image display
projection arrangement
reflection layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/058350
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas GOMER
Valentin SCHULZ
Martin Arndt
Lars SIMON
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202280001696.2A priority Critical patent/CN115474432A/zh
Priority to EP22719825.6A priority patent/EP4323186A1/de
Publication of WO2022218699A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218699A1/de

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
    • B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
    • B32B17/10449—Wavelength selective transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
    • B32B17/10458—Polarization selective transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
    • B32B17/1066—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments imparting a tint in certain regions only, i.e. shade band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
    • B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
    • B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
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    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projection arrangement, a method for its production and its use.
  • Head-Up Displays are commonly used in vehicles and airplanes today.
  • a HUD works by using an imaging unit that uses an optics module and a projection surface to project an image that the driver perceives as a virtual image. If this image is reflected, for example, on the vehicle windshield as a projection surface, important information can be displayed for the user, which significantly improves road safety.
  • Vehicle windshields usually consist of two panes of glass which are laminated to one another via at least one thermoplastic film.
  • the HUD described above has a problem that the projected image is reflected on both surfaces of the windshield.
  • the driver not only perceives the desired main image, which is caused by the reflection on the interior surface of the windshield (primary reflection).
  • the driver also perceives a slightly offset secondary image, which is usually of weaker intensity, which is caused by the reflection on the outside surface of the windshield (secondary reflection).
  • This problem is commonly solved by arranging the reflective surfaces at a deliberately selected angle to one another, so that the main image and sub-image are superimposed, so that the sub-image is no longer distracting.
  • the radiation from the HUD projector is typically essentially s-polarized due to the better reflection characteristics of the windshield compared to p-polarization.
  • the driver wears polarization-selective sunglasses, which only transmit p-polarized light, he can hardly or not at all perceive the HUD image.
  • a solution to the problem in this context is therefore the use of projection arrangements which use p-polarized light.
  • DE 102014220189A1 discloses a HUD projection arrangement which is operated with p-polarized radiation in order to generate a HUD image. Since the angle of incidence is typically close to the Brewster angle and p-polarized radiation is therefore only in is reflected to a small extent by the glass surfaces, the windshield has a reflective structure that can reflect p-polarized radiation in the direction of the driver.
  • a HUD projection arrangement which is operated with p-polarized radiation in order to generate a HUD image, and has a reflective structure which has p-polarized radiation in Direction of the driver can reflect.
  • the multilayer polymer layers disclosed in WO 96/19347A3 are proposed as the reflective structure.
  • p-polarized light can also be reflected via a reflection coating which has an electrically conductive layer with layer sequences with low-index and high-index layers arranged above and below.
  • a reflection coating and its use in a HUD projection arrangement is known, for example, from WO 2021/004685A1.
  • US 20170208292A1 discloses a HUD projection arrangement which captures reflected light using a special head-mounted projection display system and thus creates a 3-dimensional effect for the viewer.
  • the light from an image display is previously reflected off a curved surface so that the image can be seen easily from multiple perspectives.
  • the projected image can be easily recognized by the viewer.
  • the projected image should be visually perceivable by the viewer with a 3-dimensional effect without the use of certain head-mounted devices that are typically worn in front of the eyes (e.g., 3D glasses).
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved projection arrangement which is based on HUD technology and includes the advantages mentioned above.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a projection arrangement according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • a projection arrangement which comprises a compound pane and an image display device.
  • the laminated pane comprises: an outer pane and an inner pane, a thermoplastic intermediate layer arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, and a reflective layer.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside and an inside.
  • the inside of the outer pane and the outside of the inner pane face each other.
  • the image display device faces the reflection layer and irradiates it with a light, and the reflection layer reflects the light.
  • the image display device has a 3D image display based on light field technology.
  • the 3D image display based on light field technology achieves a stereoscopic, i.e. spatial, effect by means of lens arrays on a high-resolution display or by projecting the image onto a lens array with an array of projectors.
  • the functionality of the 3D image display is based on the physical principle of diffraction of light waves. Pixels of the 3D image display deflect the incident light waves of an illumination as if they had been reflected directly from the displayed objects. The resulting stereoscopic effect also remains when the generated image is reflected via the reflective layer and is visually perceived by a user. The reflected image gives an impression of spatial depth, which physically does not exist.
  • the user can thus efficiently assign a distance to an object viewed in the image and obtain a spatial image of its surroundings (“spatial vision”).
  • spatial vision the 3-dimensional effect can be perceived through the eyes of a viewer without the viewer having to wear aids.
  • the light from the 3D image display based on light field technology is also or exclusively p-polarized, the virtual image reflected on the reflective layer can also be visually perceived when wearing sunglasses.
  • the 3D image of the image display which is reflected via the reflective layer, can be optimally captured visually from different angles. That means the user can do that View image with 3-dimensional effect regardless of whether his eyes are looking at the reflection from, for example, left, right, above or below. This is one of the biggest advantages compared to classic 3D image displays, where the visually perceptible 3D effect can only be optimally visually perceived at a certain distance and/or angle to the image.
  • the 3D image display based on light field technology can be easily switched from displaying 3D images to displaying classic 2D images.
  • 3D image displays based on light field technology are available from Leia INC. available.
  • the laminated pane is intended to separate an interior space from an exterior environment.
  • the inside of the inner pane faces the interior and the outside of the outer pane faces the outside environment.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane preferably have two opposite side edges and an upper edge and a lower edge.
  • the upper edge is intended to be arranged in the installed position in the upper region, while the opposite lower edge is intended to be arranged in the installed position in the lower region.
  • the image display device can also have a mount for securely arranging the image display.
  • the image display preferably has a liquid crystal (LCD) display, thin film transistor (TFT) display, light emitting diode (LED) display, organic light emitting diode ( OLED) display, electroluminescent (EL) display, microLED display or the like, in particular an LCD display.
  • LCD liquid crystal
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • LED light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • EL electroluminescent
  • microLED microLED display or the like, in particular an LCD display.
  • the reflection layer is preferably arranged on one of the insides or the outsides of the outer pane or the inner pane or within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the laminated pane also includes a first masking strip which is arranged in some areas on one of the outsides or the insides of the inner pane or the outer pane.
  • the reflection layer is arranged spatially in front of the first masking strip in the direction of view from the inner pane to the outer pane, and the first masking strip overlaps at least in one area with the reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer can be arranged on the inside of the outer pane or inner pane, on the outside of the inner pane or within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the reflective layer can be arranged on the first masking strip, on the inside or outside of the inner pane or within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the reflection layer can be arranged on the first masking strip and on the inside of the outer pane.
  • the reflection layer can be arranged on the inside of the inner pane.
  • the reflection layer can be arranged on the inside of the inner pane and the first masking strip.
  • the reflective layer can also be arranged only on the first masking strip.
  • the reflection layer and the first masking strip can be arranged on different outsides or insides of the inner or outer pane.
  • the reflection layer and the first masking strip can also be arranged on the same outside or inside of the inner pane or the inside of the outer pane.
  • the reflective layer can have sections that do not overlap with the first masking strip, i.e. in this embodiment the reflective layer comprises at least one area in which it is located in front of the first masking strip in the viewing direction from the inner pane to the outer pane.
  • the reflective layer is arranged spatially in front of the first masking strip in the direction from the inner pane to the outer pane” means that the reflective layer is spatially closer to the interior than the first masking strip.
  • the reflective layer is therefore spatially arranged in front of the first masking strip when looking through the laminated pane from the interior.
  • the first masking stripe is opaque.
  • the reflection layer can be opaque or transparent.
  • the reflection layer is preferably transparent.
  • transparent means that the overall transmission of the composite pane meets the legal requirements for windshields (e.g. the European Union directives corresponds to ECE-R43) and for visible light preferably a transmittance of more than 50% and in particular more than 60%, for example more than 70% (ISO 9050:2003).
  • opaque means a light transmission of less than 10%, preferably less than 5% and in particular 0%.
  • the reflective layer is arranged on the outside of the inner pane or one of the insides of the inner pane or the outer pane, within the thermoplastic intermediate layer or on the first masking strip.
  • the first masking strip has a larger surface area than the reflective layer and completely overlaps with the reflective layer. In this configuration, the reflected image is particularly rich in contrast since the reflection layer is arranged completely in front of the first masking strip.
  • the first masking strip is preferably arranged in a peripheral frame-like manner in an edge region of the inside or outside of the outer pane and has a greater width in particular in a section that overlaps the reflection layer than in sections that differ from it.
  • the first masking stripe is particularly preferred arranged along the side edges and top and bottom edges on the inside or outside of the outer pane.
  • “having a greater width” means that the masking strip has a greater width in this section perpendicular to the extension than in other sections. In this way, the masking stripe can be suitably adapted to the dimensions of the reflection layer.
  • the first masking stripe is preferably a coating of one or more layers. Alternatively, however, it can also be an opaque element inserted into the laminated pane, for example a film.
  • the first masking strip consists of a single layer. This has the advantage of particularly simple and cost-effective production of the laminated pane, since only a single layer has to be formed for the masking strip.
  • the first masking strip serves to mask a bead of adhesive for gluing the windshield into a vehicle body. This means that it prevents the outside view of the adhesive bead, which is usually applied irregularly, so that the windshield creates a harmonious overall impression.
  • the masking strip serves as UV protection for the adhesive material used. Continuous exposure to UV light damages the adhesive material and would loosen the connection between the pane and the vehicle body over time.
  • the first masking strip can also be used, for example, to cover busbars and/or connection elements.
  • the first masking strip is preferably printed onto the outer pane, in particular using the screen printing method.
  • the printing ink is printed through a fine-meshed fabric onto the glass pane.
  • the printing ink is pressed through the fabric with a rubber squeegee, for example.
  • the fabric has areas that are ink permeable alongside areas that are ink impermeable, thereby defining the geometric shape of the print.
  • the fabric thus acts as a template for the print.
  • the ink contains at least one pigment and glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), for example water or organic solvents such as alcohols.
  • the pigment is typically a Black pigment, for example carbon black, aniline black, bone black, iron oxide black, spinel black and/or graphite.
  • the glass pane is subjected to a temperature treatment, during which the liquid phase is expelled by evaporation and the glass frits are melted and permanently bonded to the glass surface.
  • the thermal treatment is typically performed at temperatures in the range of 450°C to 700°C.
  • the pigment remains in the glass matrix formed by the melted glass frit as a masking strip.
  • the first masking strip is a partially or completely opaque, i.e. colored or pigmented, preferably black-pigmented, thermoplastic composite film, which is preferably based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), preferably PVB.
  • the coloring or pigmentation of the composite film can be freely selected, but black is preferred.
  • the colored or pigmented composite film is preferably arranged between the outer pane and inner pane and more preferably on the inside of the outer pane.
  • the colored or pigmented thermoplastic composite film preferably has a thickness of 0.25 mm to 1 mm.
  • the masking strip after the lamination, preferably joins together with other transparent thermoplastic composite films to form the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the masking stripe can also be opaque in only one area, with the reflective layer preferably overlapping at least in some areas with the opaque area of the masking stripe.
  • the reflection layer can also completely overlap with the opaque area of the masking strip. If the masking layer is completely opaque, it preferably only extends over a section of the laminated pane.
  • the sections without masking strips are preferably provided with an additional transparent thermoplastic composite film with the same thickness as that of the masking strip, so that the masking strip, which is designed as an opaque thermoplastic composite film, extends together with the additional transparent thermoplastic composite film over the entire area of the laminated pane.
  • At least one further masking strip is arranged on the outside of the inner pane and/or on the inside of the inner pane.
  • the further masking strip serves to improve the adhesion of the outer pane and inner pane and is preferably mixed with ceramic parts, which give the masking strip a rough and adhesive surface, which on the inside of the inner pane, for example, supports the bonding of the laminated pane into the vehicle body.
  • a further masking strip applied to the inside of the inner pane can also be provided for aesthetic reasons, for example in order to conceal the edge of the reflection layer or to shape the edge of the transition to the transparent area.
  • the first and further masking strips preferably have a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 8 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • a high-index coating is applied to all or part of the inside of the inner pane.
  • the high-index coating is preferably in direct spatial contact with the inside of the inner pane.
  • the high-index coating is arranged at least in an area on the inside of the inner pane, which completely overlaps the reflection layer when viewed through the laminated pane.
  • the reflection layer is therefore arranged spatially closer to the outside of the outer pane, but spatially further away from the inside of the inner pane than the high-index coating. This means that the light, preferably with a majority portion of p-polarized light, which is projected from the image display device onto the reflective layer, passes through the high-index coating before striking the reflective layer.
  • the high-index coating has a refractive index of at least 1.7, particularly preferably at least 1.9, very particularly preferably at least 2.0.
  • the increase in the refractive index brings about a high refractive index effect.
  • the high-refraction coating causes a weakening of the reflection of light and in particular p-polarized light on the interior-side surface of the inner pane, so that the desired reflection of the reflective coating appears with higher contrast. According to a statement by the inventors, the effect is based on the increase in the refractive index of the interior-side surface as a result of the high-index coating.
  • the high-index coating is preferably formed from a single layer and has no further layers below or above this layer.
  • a single layer is sufficient to achieve a good effect and technically simpler than applying a stack of layers.
  • the high-index coating can also comprise a number of individual layers, which can be desirable in individual cases in order to optimize certain parameters.
  • Suitable materials for the high-index coating are silicon nitride (S1 3 N 4 ), a silicon-metal mixed nitride (for example silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrN), silicon-aluminum mixed nitride, silicon-hafnium mixed nitride or silicon-titanium mixed nitride), aluminum nitride, tin oxide , manganese oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, tin-zinc composite oxide and zirconium oxide.
  • transition metal oxides such as scandium oxide, yttrium oxide, tantalum oxide
  • lanthanide oxides such as lanthanum oxide or cerium oxide
  • the high-index coating preferably contains one or more of these materials or is based on them.
  • the high-index coating can be applied by a physical or chemical vapor deposition, ie a PVD or CVD coating (PVD: physical vapor deposition, CVD: chemical vapor deposition).
  • Suitable materials on the basis of which the coating is preferably formed are in particular silicon nitride, a silicon-metal mixed nitride (for example silicon zirconium nitride, silicon-aluminum mixed nitride, silicon-hafnium mixed nitride or silicon-titanium mixed nitride), aluminum nitride, tin oxide, manganese oxide , tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride or tin-zinc mixed oxide.
  • the high-index coating is preferably a coating applied by cathode sputtering (“sputtered”), in particular a coating applied by cathode sputtering with the assistance of
  • the high refractive index coating is a sol-gel coating.
  • a sol containing the precursors of the coating is first prepared and matured. Ripening may involve hydrolysis of the precursors and/or a (partial) reaction between the precursors.
  • the precursors are usually present in a solvent, preferably water, alcohol (especially ethanol) or a water-alcohol mixture.
  • the sol preferably contains silicon oxide precursors in a solvent.
  • the precursors are preferably silanes, in particular tetraethoxysilanes or methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS).
  • MTEOS methyltriethoxysilane
  • silicates can also be used as precursors, in particular sodium, lithium or potassium silicates, for example tetramethyl orthosilicate, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS),
  • R1 is preferably an alkyl group
  • R2 is an alkyl, epoxy, acrylate, methacrylate, amine, phenyl or vinyl group
  • n is an integer from 0 to 2.
  • Silicon halides or alkoxides can also be used.
  • the silica precursors result in a sol-gel coating of silica.
  • refractive index increasing additives are added to the sol, preferably titanium oxide and/or zirconium oxide, or their precursors.
  • the refractive index enhancing additives are present in a silicon oxide matrix.
  • the molar ratio of silicon oxide to additives that increase the refractive index can be freely selected depending on the desired refractive index and is, for example, around 1:1.
  • the high-index coating is applied in regions to the further masking strip, with the further masking strip being applied to the inside of the inner pane.
  • the word “regionally” means that the high-index coating is arranged partially or completely on the further masking strip, but is also applied to the inside of the inner pane. This has the advantage that the high-index layer can be applied to the entire inner pane, regardless of whether a masking strip was previously applied to the inner pane.
  • the projection arrangement comprises a functional element which is intended to capture the field of vision of a user and which interacts with the image display device and the laminated pane in such a way that the user can visually optimally capture the image reflected via the reflection layer.
  • the functional element includes at least one eye camera and an infrared light source.
  • the functional element works like a visual field camera based on the “Remote Eye Tracker” principle.
  • the functional element can therefore be fastened in the dashboard area or on the laminated pane.
  • the infrared light source emits an infrared light that the eye camera detects via the reflection on the user's eye and can thus follow the position of the eyes.
  • the information obtained in this way about the user's eye position is used and can lead to an adjustment of the orientation of the image display device.
  • the orientation change of the image display device depends on the user's eye position and leads to angle changes in the reflection of the image on the reflective layer.
  • the generated image is then generated in ideal optical quality where the eyes are located.
  • the reflected image hits the user's eyes at an improved angle, allowing the user to better perceive the image visually.
  • the projection arrangement comprises a movement-sensitive functional element which is intended to detect freehand movements by the user and which interacts with the image display device in such a way that usable information for operating the image display device can be obtained from the freehand movements of the user.
  • the movement-sensitive functional element can contain one or more optical sensors that are able to create a 3D image of a defined area. For example, movements, gestures or approaches can be recognized from the 3D image and used to control and monitor image representations that are made visually accessible to the user via the reflection on the reflective layer.
  • the movement-sensitive functional element is connected to an evaluation unit for determining movement and/or the presence of parts of a person's body.
  • the optical sensor radiates and detects in a frequency range of preferably at least 300 GHz and particularly preferably in the infrared light frequency range. Infrared light systems for recognizing hand signals or gestures have already been extensively researched and are therefore particularly suitable for commercial use.
  • the optical sensor radiates and detects in a frequency range of preferably at most 300 GHz.
  • Low-frequency beams are particularly useful for detecting movement and gestures because they are less subject to radiation pollution in the form of light beams in the visible or infrared range.
  • the movement-sensitive functional element can contain a number of capacitive sensors.
  • the capacitive sensors form switching areas, which can be formed by a surface electrode or by an arrangement of two coupled electrodes. As an object approaches the capacitive switching region, the capacitance of the surface electrode to ground or the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the two coupled electrodes changes. The change in capacitance is measured using a circuit arrangement or sensor electronics and a switching signal is triggered when a threshold value is exceeded.
  • the switching signals triggered in this way can be used to operate the image display device that is electrically connected to the movement-sensitive functional element. Movements at a closer distance of preferably up to 15 cm, in particular up to 10 cm, can be detected particularly well. By activating different switching signals in a specific order, it is also possible to detect the direction of movement. In this way, image representations, which are made visually accessible to the user via the reflection on the reflective layer, can be controlled and monitored.
  • the projection arrangement comprises an acoustic functional element which is intended to recognize acoustic signals, preferably spoken words, from the user. It also interacts with the image display device in such a way that usable information for controlling the image display device can be obtained from the acoustic signals.
  • spoke words also mean individual words and multiple words.
  • the acoustic functional element includes one or more microphones, which converts sound waves, including acoustic signals or spoken words, into an electrical signal voltage.
  • the acoustic functional element also includes at least one recognition system, so that the spoken words or acoustic signals are first detected as an electrical signal voltage and then fed to the recognition system. The detection system checks and analyzes the electrical signal voltage and the signals are then examined for one or more predefined commands. If a predefined voice or sound command stored in the recognition system is now detected, such as "brighter picture display" or "switch on!, it is processed.
  • the recognition system preferably has an extensive vocabulary of more than 10,000 words and is able To also recognize word sequences, but preferably only becomes active after a command has been recognized by the recognition system.Commands corresponding to the recognized commands or word sequences are then determined and used to control the image display device, for example for menu control or menu navigation In this way, image representations, which are made visually accessible to the user via the reflection on the reflective layer, can be controlled and monitored.
  • the recognition system for speech is preferably based on an acoustic model and/or a language model.
  • the acoustic model uses a large number of speech patterns, using mathematical algorithms to identify the acoustically best match for a spoken word.
  • the language model is based on an analysis that uses a large number of document samples to determine in which context and how often certain words are normally used. With such speech recognition systems, it is not only possible to recognize individual words, but also fluently spoken sentences with high recognition rates.
  • the acoustic functional element preferably functions largely independently of the dialect or the user. However, it is also possible that the acoustic functional element is equipped with voice recognition and only works if the preset voice of a specific user is recognized.
  • the functional element, the movement-sensitive functional element and/or the acoustic functional element are preferably attached to the composite pane, but can also be arranged within the composite pane, i.e. between the outer pane and inner pane, or not be in physical contact with the composite pane at all. An arrangement on the inside of the outer pane and the outside of the inner pane is also possible.
  • the functional element, the motion-sensitive functional element and/or the acoustic functional element is fastened to the dashboard area when the projection arrangement according to the invention is installed in a vehicle
  • the light reflected by the reflective layer is preferably visible light, ie light in a wavelength range from approximately 380 nm to 780 nm.
  • the reflective layer is therefore suitable for reflecting visible light in a wavelength range from approximately 380 nm to 780 nm.
  • the reflection layer preferably has a high and uniform degree of reflection (over different angles of incidence) with respect to p-polarized and/or s-polarized radiation, so that a high-intensity and color-neutral image representation is ensured.
  • the reflective layer is preferably partially translucent, which means in the context of the invention that it has an average transmission (according to ISO 9050:2003) in the visible spectral range of preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70% and in particular less than 85% and thereby View through the pane is not significantly restricted.
  • the reflective layer preferably reflects at least 15%, particularly preferably at least 20%, very particularly preferably at least 30% of the light impinging on the reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer preferably reflects only p-polarized or s-polarized light.
  • the reflective layer can also be opaque.
  • the reflective layer is preferably opaque if it is arranged congruently with the opaque area of the masking layer or if the reflective layer completely overlaps with the opaque area of the masking layer.
  • the opaque reflection layer preferably reflects at least 60%, particularly preferably at least 70%, very particularly preferably at least 80% of the light impinging on the reflection layer.
  • the reflective layer preferably reflects 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and most preferably 90% or more of the light incident on the reflective layer from the image display device.
  • the light of the image display device is at least 80% and preferably at least 90% p-polarized.
  • the reflective layer preferably reflects 10% or more, more preferably 50% or more, particularly 70% or more, particularly 90% of a p-polarized light.
  • the light of the image display device is at least 80% and preferably at least 90% s-polarized.
  • the reflective layer reflects preferably 10% or more, more preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, particularly 90% of an s-polarized light.
  • the specification of the direction of polarization refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the laminated pane.
  • P-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence.
  • S-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence.
  • the plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the laminated pane in the geometric center of the irradiated area.
  • the polarization ie in particular the proportion of p- and s-polarized radiation, is determined at a point in the area irradiated by the image display device, preferably in the geometric center of the irradiated area. Since composite panes can be curved (for example when they are designed as windshields), which affects the plane of incidence of the image display device radiation, slightly different polarization components can occur in the other areas, which is unavoidable for physical reasons.
  • the reflection layer preferably comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tin, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold or mixed alloys thereof.
  • the reflection layer particularly preferably contains aluminum or a nickel-chromium alloy.
  • the reflection layer consists of aluminum or a nickel-chromium alloy.
  • Aluminum and nickel-chromium alloys have a particularly high reflection of visible light.
  • the reflection layer is a coating containing a thin layer stack, ie a layer sequence of thin individual layers.
  • This thin layer stack contains one or more electrically conductive layers based on silver.
  • the electrically conductive layer based on silver gives the reflective coating the basic reflective properties and also an IR-reflecting effect and electrical conductivity.
  • the electrically conductive layer is based on silver.
  • the conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of silver, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of total silver more preferably at least 99.9% by weight silver.
  • the silver layer can have dopings, for example palladium, gold, copper or aluminum.
  • Silver-based materials are particularly suitable for reflecting light, particularly preferably p-polarized light. The use of silver in reflective layers has proven to be particularly advantageous when reflecting light.
  • the coating has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m and preferably 8 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the reflective layer can also be designed as a reflective coated or uncoated film that reflects light, preferably p-polarized light.
  • the reflective layer can be a carrier film with a reflective coating or an uncoated reflective polymer film.
  • the reflective coating preferably comprises at least one metal-based layer and/or a dielectric layer sequence with alternating refractive indices.
  • the metal-based layer preferably contains or consists of silver and/or aluminum.
  • the dielectric layers can, for example, be based on silicon nitride, zinc oxide, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon-zirconium nitride, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, tungsten oxide or silicon carbide.
  • the oxides and nitrides mentioned can be deposited stoichiometrically, under-stoichiometrically or over-stoichiometrically. They can have dopings, for example aluminum, zirconium, titanium or boron.
  • the reflective uncoated polymer film preferably comprises or consists of dielectric polymer layers.
  • the dielectric polymer layers preferably contain PET. If the reflective layer is in the form of a reflective film, it is preferably from 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m and in particular from 100 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m thick.
  • the reflection layer is designed as a coating, it is preferably applied to the inner pane or the outer pane by physical vapor deposition (PVD), particularly preferably by cathode sputtering (“sputtering”) and very particularly preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”).
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the coating can also be applied, for example, by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma-enhanced vapor deposition (PECVD), by vapor deposition or by atomic layer deposition (ALD).
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • PECVD plasma-enhanced vapor deposition
  • ALD atomic layer deposition
  • the coating is preferably applied to the panes before lamination.
  • the reflective layer is designed as a reflective, coated carrier film or uncoated polymer film and is arranged within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the reflection layer does not have to be applied to the outer pane or inner pane using thin-layer technology (for example CVD and PVD). This results in uses of the reflection layer with further advantageous functions such as more homogeneous reflection of the light on the reflection layer.
  • the production of the laminated pane can be simplified, since the reflection layer does not have to be arranged on the outer or inner pane by an additional method before lamination.
  • the reflective layer is a reflective film that is metal-free and reflects visible light rays, preferably with p-polarization.
  • the reflective layer is a film that works on the basis of synergistically acting prisms and reflective polarizers. Such films for use with reflective layers are commercially available, for example from 3M Company.
  • the reflection layer is a holographic optical element (HOE).
  • HOE holographic optical element
  • the term HOE means elements based on the functional principle of holography. HOE change light in the beam path due to the information stored in the hologram, usually as a change in the refractive index. Their function is based on the superimposition of different plane or spherical light waves, whose interference pattern causes the desired optical effect. HOE are already being used in the transport sector, for example in head-up displays.
  • the advantage of using an HOE compared to simply reflecting layers results from greater geometric design freedom with regard to the arrangement of the eye and projector positions and the respective angles of inclination, for example of the projector and reflecting layer. Furthermore, with this variant, double images are particularly greatly reduced or even prevented.
  • the HOE are suitable for displaying real images or virtual images in different image widths.
  • the geometric angle of the reflection can be adjusted with the HOE so that, for example, when used in a vehicle, the information transmitted to the driver can be displayed very well from the desired viewing angle.
  • the properties of the reflected light can be improved by the reflection layer compared to a mere reflection of the light on the pane.
  • the proportion of reflected p-polarized light is preferably high, with the reflectivity of light being approximately 90%, for example.
  • the outer pane and inner pane preferably contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, alumino-silicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate , polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.
  • glass particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, alumino-silicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate , polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.
  • the outer pane and inner pane can have other suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflective coatings,
  • Non-stick coatings Non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings or solar control coatings or low-e coatings.
  • the thickness of the individual panes can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case.
  • Discs with standard thicknesses of 0.5 mm to 5 mm and preferably 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm are preferably used.
  • the size of the discs can vary widely and depends on the use.
  • the composite pane can have any three-dimensional shape.
  • the outer pane and inner pane preferably have no shadow zones, so that they can be coated by cathode sputtering, for example.
  • the outer pane and inner pane are preferably flat or slightly or strongly curved in one direction or in several spatial directions.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains or consists of at least one thermoplastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and/or polyurethane (PU) or copolymers or derivatives thereof, optionally in combination with polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be, for example, polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene-propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, or a copolymer or mixture thereof.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably designed as at least one thermoplastic composite film and contains or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains at least one plasticizer.
  • Plasticizers are chemical compounds that make plastics softer, more flexible, more supple and/or more elastic. They shift the thermoelastic range of plastics to lower temperatures so that the plastics have the desired more elastic properties in the operating temperature range.
  • Preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, especially low-volatility carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins and camphor.
  • Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of triethylene or tetraethylene glycol. Particular preference is given to using 3G7, 3G8 or 4G7 as plasticizers, the first digit denoting the number of ethylene glycol units and the last digit denoting the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid part of the compound.
  • 3G8 stands for triethylene glycol bis-(2-ethylhexanoate), ie for a compound of the formula C 4 H 9 CH (CH 2 CH 3 ) CO (0CH 2 CH 2 ) 3 0 2 CCH (CH 2 CH 3 ) C 4 H9 .
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer based on PVB preferably contains at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, particularly preferably at least 20% by weight, even more preferably at least 30% by weight and in particular at least 35% by weight a plasticizer.
  • the plasticizer contains or consists, for example, of triethylene glycol bis-(2-ethylhexanoate).
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by one or more thermoplastic films arranged one on top of the other, the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably being from 0.25 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a functional thermoplastic intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties, an intermediate layer reflecting infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing infrared radiation and/or an intermediate layer absorbing UV radiation.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a band filter film that blocks out narrow bands of visible light.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer In a first method step, arranging the outer pane, the thermoplastic intermediate layer, the reflection layer and the inner pane to form a stack of layers, with the thermoplastic intermediate layer being arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane.
  • the layer stack is laminated under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure, the individual layers being connected (laminated) to one another by at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • Methods known per se can be used to produce a laminated pane. For example, so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an increased pressure of about 10 bar to 15 bar and temperatures of 130° C. to 145° C. for about 2 hours.
  • Known vacuum bag or vacuum ring methods work, for example, at about 200 mbar and 130°C to 145°C.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be pressed in a calender between at least one pair of rollers to form a composite pane.
  • Plants of this type are known for the production of laminated panes and normally have at least one heating tunnel in front of a pressing plant.
  • the temperature during the pressing process is, for example, from 40°C to 150°C.
  • Combinations of calender and autoclave processes have proven particularly useful in practice.
  • vacuum laminators can be used. These consist of one or more chambers that can be heated and evacuated, in which the outer pane and the inner pane can be laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80°C to 170°C.
  • the invention also extends to the use of the projection arrangement according to the invention in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles, with the laminated pane being used, for example, as a windshield, rear window, side windows and/or glass roof, preferably as a windshield can be.
  • the laminated pane as a vehicle windshield is preferred.
  • the various configurations of the invention can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of the laminated pane
  • FIG. 1a shows a cross-sectional view of a projection arrangement according to the invention with the composite pane from FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the laminated pane
  • FIG. 2a shows a cross-sectional view of a projection arrangement according to the invention with the composite pane from FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 3 shows a further cross-sectional view of a projection arrangement according to the invention with the composite pane
  • FIG. 4-9 enlarged cross-sectional views of different configurations of the projection arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of the laminated pane 1 in a vehicle in a highly simplified, schematic representation.
  • FIG. 1a shows a cross-sectional view of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 in the projection arrangement 100 according to the invention. The cross-sectional view of FIG.
  • the laminated pane 1 is designed in the form of a laminated pane and comprises an outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3 with a thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 which is arranged between the outer and inner panes 2 , 3 .
  • the laminated pane 1 is installed in a vehicle, for example, and separates a vehicle interior 13 from an external environment 14 .
  • the laminated pane 1 is the windshield of a motor vehicle.
  • the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3 are each made of glass, preferably thermally toughened soda-lime glass, and are transparent to visible light.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 consists of a thermoplastic material, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the outside I of the outer pane 2 faces away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 and is at the same time the outer surface of the laminated pane 1.
  • the inside II of the outer pane 2 and the outside III of the inner pane 3 each face the intermediate layer 4.
  • the inside IV of the inner pane 3 faces away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 and is at the same time the inside of the composite pane 1.
  • the composite pane 1 can have any suitable geometric shape and/or curvature. As a composite pane 1, it typically has a convex curvature.
  • the laminated pane 1 also has an upper edge located at the top in the installed position and a lower edge located at the bottom in the installed position, as well as a side edge located on the left and right.
  • first masking strip 5 is opaque and prevents the view of structures arranged on the inside of the laminated pane 1, for example a bead of adhesive for gluing in the laminated pane 1 a vehicle body.
  • the first masking stripe 5 is preferably black.
  • the first masking strip 5 consists of an electrically non-conductive material conventionally used for masking strips, for example a black-colored screen printing ink that is baked.
  • the laminated pane 1 has a second masking strip 6 in the edge region 12 on the inside IV of the inner pane 3.
  • FIG. The second masking strip 6 is designed in the form of a frame.
  • the second masking strip 6 consists of an electrically non-conductive material conventionally used for masking strips, for example a black-colored screen printing ink that is baked.
  • a reflective layer 9 is located in areas on the inside II of the outer pane 2, which is vapour-deposited using the PVD process.
  • the reflection layer 9 is arranged within the frame formed by the first and second masking strips 5,6. When looking through the laminated pane 1, the reflection layer 9 does not coincide with the first and second masking strips 5, 6.
  • the reflection layer 9 is closer to the lower right edge than to the upper edge and closer to the right side edge than to the left side edge of the laminated pane 1.
  • the reflection layer 9 can be arranged anywhere and in any large area on the inside II of the outer pane 2 .
  • several reflection layers 9 could be provided, which are arranged on different sections and with different extents.
  • the arrangement is not limited to the inside II of the outer pane 2, but can also be implemented on the outside III of the inner pane 3 or within the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4, for example.
  • the reflection layer 9 is, for example, a metal coating that contains at least one thin layer stack with at least one silver layer and one dielectric layer.
  • the reflective layer 9 can also be designed as a reflective film and arranged on the first masking strip 5 .
  • the reflective foil can contain a metal coating or consist of dielectric polymer layers in a layer sequence. Combinations of these variants are also possible.
  • the projection arrangement 100 also has an image display device 8 arranged in the dashboard 7 as an image generator and a functional element 10 .
  • the image display device 8 serves to generate light 11 (image information), which is directed onto the reflection layer 9 and is reflected by the reflection layer 9 as reflected light 11' into the vehicle interior 13, where it can be seen by an observer, e.g. driver.
  • the reflection layer 9 is formed to reflect the light 11 of the image display device 8, i.e. an image of the image display device 8.
  • the light 11 of the image display device 8 preferably strikes the laminated pane 1 at an angle of incidence of 50° to 80°, in particular of 60° to 70°, typically around 65°, as is usual with HUD projection arrangements.
  • the image display device 8 in the A-pillar of a motor vehicle or on the roof (in each case on the vehicle interior side), if the reflection layer 9 is positioned in a suitable manner for this purpose. It would also be possible, for example, for the composite pane 1 to be a roof pane, side pane or rear pane.
  • each reflection layer 9 can be assigned a separate image display device 8, ie several image display devices 8 can be arranged.
  • the image display device 8 contains a 3D image display based on light field technology.
  • the functional element 10 is a visual field camera, for example.
  • the visual field camera detects the position of the driver's eye.
  • the driver's eye positions are evaluated and can lead to an adjustment of the orientation of the image display device 8 .
  • the orientation change of the image display device 8 depends on the user's eye position and leads to Angle changes when the image is reflected on the reflective layer 9.
  • the reflected image thus strikes the user's eyes at an improved angle, as a result of which the user can perceive the image better visually.
  • the functional element 10 can also be an optical sensor for detecting freehand movements by the driver.
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a essentially correspond to the variant from FIGS. 1 and 1a, so that only the differences are discussed here and otherwise reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 and 1a.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the laminated pane 1 in a vehicle in a highly simplified, schematic illustration.
  • FIG. 2a shows a cross-sectional view of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2 in the projection arrangement 100 according to the invention. The cross-sectional view of FIG.
  • the reflection layer 9 is arranged so that it overlaps the first masking strip 5 when viewed through the laminated pane 1, with the first masking strip 5 completely covering the reflection layer 9, i.e. the reflection layer 9 has no section that is not in Coverage to the first masking strip 5 is.
  • the reflection layer 9 is arranged here, for example, only in the lower (engine-side) section 12 ′ of the edge area 12 of the laminated pane 1 . However, it would also be possible to arrange the reflective layer 9 in the upper (roof-side) section 12" or in a lateral section of the edge region 12.
  • reflective layers 9 could be provided, for example in the lower (engine-side) section 12' and in the upper (roof-side ) Section 12 "of the edge region 12 are arranged.
  • the reflection layers 9 could be arranged in such a way that a (partially) circulating image is generated.
  • the reflective layer 9 is arranged spatially in front of the first masking strip 5 when viewed through the laminated pane 1 from the vehicle interior 13 to the external environment 14 .
  • the first masking strip 5 is widened in the lower (engine-side) section 13' of the edge area 12, i.e. the first masking strip 5 has a greater width in the lower (engine-side) section 12' of the edge area 12 than in the upper (roof-side) section 12" of the edge area 12 (as also in the in figure 2a not recognizable lateral sections of the edge region 12) of the laminated pane 1.
  • the “width” is understood to be the dimension of the first masking strip 5 perpendicular to its extent.
  • the reflection layer 9 is arranged here, for example, above the second masking strip 6 (ie not overlapping). Due to the opaque background in the form of the first masking strip 5, the image reflected by the reflection layer 9 can be perceived with a higher contrast. A better visual perception of the reflected image is thus possible and the brightness of the image display device 8 can also be reduced by the increased contrast, resulting in a lower power consumption of the image display device 8 .
  • the reflective layer 9 beyond the area of the first masking strip 5, so that the reflective layer 9 overlaps with the first masking strip 5 in the lower edge region 12', for example, and also does not overlap with the first masking strip in some areas extending towards the upper edge 5 overlapped.
  • Embodiments of Figures 1, 2, 1a and 2a possible, so that, for example, the reflection layer 9 is arranged as shown in Figures 2 and 2a and a further reflection layer 9 is arranged as shown in Figures 1 and 1a.
  • FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to the variant from FIGS. 2 and 2a, so that only the differences are discussed here and otherwise reference is made to the description of FIGS. 2 and 2a.
  • the reflective layer 9 overlaps the entire inner side II of the outer pane 2 when viewed through the laminated pane 1.
  • the reflective layer 9 thus overlaps completely with the first masking strip 5 when viewed through the laminated pane 1.
  • the reflective layer 9 is applied to the first masking strip 5 and the inner side II of the outer pane 2, for example by means of the PVD method.
  • the entire reflection layer 9 it is just as possible for the entire reflection layer 9 to be applied to the inside II, IV of the inner or outer pane 2, 3 or the outside III of the inner pane 2, 3 (not shown in FIG. 3).
  • the first (opaque) masking strip 5 is located on the inside II of the outer pane 2.
  • the reflection layer 9 is applied directly to the first masking strip 5.
  • the light 11 from the image display device 8 is reflected by the reflection layer 9 into the vehicle interior 13 as reflected light 11'.
  • the light 11, 11' can have an s- and/or p-polarization. Due to the angle of incidence of the light 11 on the laminated pane 1 close to Brewster's angle, the p-polarized component of the light 11 is hardly prevented from transmitting through the inner pane 3 .
  • This variant has the advantage that a relatively large proportion of the incident, p-polarized light 11 is reflected and then, due to the fact that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection (shown by a in Figures 4 to 9), largely unhindered by the inner pane 3 is transmitted into the vehicle interior 13 .
  • the image is also easily recognizable against the background of the (opaque) first masking layer 5 with high contrast.
  • FIGS. 5 to 9 essentially correspond to the variant from FIGS. 2, 2a and FIG. 4, so that only the differences are discussed here and otherwise reference is made to the description of FIGS.
  • the reflection layer 9 is not applied to the first masking strip 5 but to the inside IV of the inner pane 3 .
  • This variant has the advantage that the incident light 11 is not prevented from being transmitted through the inner pane 3 . It is also preferred for light 11 with a high s-polarized component, since the reflection on the inner pane 3 results in fewer double images.
  • the reflection layer 9 is not applied to the first masking strip 5 but to the outside III of the inner pane 3 .
  • This variant is particularly useful if the first masking strip 5 cannot be coated with the reflection layer 9 or the two-stage application of first the masking strip 5 and second the reflection layer 9 is not feasible.
  • the variant of the laminated pane 1 shown in FIG. 7 differs from the variant of FIG. This variant represents a viable alternative to the reflection layer 9 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, which is vapour-deposited onto the masking strip 5 using the PVD technique, for example.
  • the reflection layer 9 in Figure 7 is laminated between two thermoplastic intermediate layers 4', 4" (e.g. PVB films) in the laminated pane 1.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layers 4', 4'' have a correspondingly smaller thickness than outside the area where the reflection layer 9 is not provided.
  • the reflective layer 9 is not arranged over the entire surface extent of the laminated pane 1. In this way, a uniform distance (i.e. constant overall thickness) can be achieved between the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3, so that any glass breakage during lamination is reliably and safely avoided.
  • the first masking strip 5 is not arranged on the inside II but on the outside I of the outer pane 2 .
  • PVB films these have a smaller thickness in the area of the reflective layer 9 than where no reflective layer 9 is provided.
  • the image is easily recognizable against the background of the opaque (first) masking layer 5 with high contrast.
  • the reflective layer 9 is well protected inside the laminated pane 1 against external influences.
  • the variant of the laminated pane 1 shown in FIG. 8 differs from the variant of FIG. 4 only in that a high-index coating 15 is arranged on the inside IV of the inner pane 3 .
  • the high-index coating 15 is applied, for example, using the sol-gel method and consists of a titanium oxide coating. Due to the higher refractive index (e.g. 1.7) of the high-index coating 15 compared to the inner pane 3, the Brewster angle (for soda-lime glass) which is normally around 56.5° can be increased, which simplifies the application and the Effect of disturbing double images reduced by the reflection on the inside IV of the inner pane 3.
  • the overlapping of the first masking strip 5 with the reflection layer 9 is optional.
  • the reflection layer 9 can also be arranged as described in all examples without the first masking strip 5 .
  • the reflection layer 9 would then be arranged directly on the inside II of the outer pane 2. It is it is also possible for the reflective layer 9 to overlap with the first masking strip 5 only in certain areas (for example in the edge region of the laminated pane 1).
  • the variant of the laminated pane 1 shown in FIG. 9 differs from the variant of FIG.
  • the first masking strip 5 is formed, for example, on the basis of a colored PVB, EVA or PET film.
  • the reflection layer 9 is laminated in between the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 and the first masking strip 5 .
  • the reflective layer 9 can also overlap with the first masking strip 5 only in regions, in contrast to what is shown in FIG. In other words, the reflective layer 9 is not completely laminated between the first masking strip 5 and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4, but has one or more areas in which the reflective layer 9 is only laminated within the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 (similar to FIG. 7).
  • the invention provides an improved projection arrangement 100 which enables good image representation. Undesirable secondary images can be avoided and a high contrast can be achieved.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention can be produced simply and inexpensively using known production methods.
  • thermoplastic interlayer 4, 4', 4" thermoplastic interlayer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
PCT/EP2022/058350 2021-04-12 2022-03-30 Projektionsanordnung mit einer verbundscheibe WO2022218699A1 (de)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024184393A1 (de) 2023-03-09 2024-09-12 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projektionsanordnung

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996019347A2 (en) 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Multilayered optical film
US20040135742A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2004-07-15 Weber Michael F. Head-up display with polarized light source and wide-angle p-polarization reflective polarizer
DE102014220189A1 (de) 2014-10-06 2016-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays
US20170208292A1 (en) 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Gerard Dirk Smits Holographic video capture and telepresence system
US20200400945A1 (en) 2018-03-22 2020-12-24 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projection arrangement for a head-up display (hud) with p-polarised light portions
WO2021004685A1 (de) 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996019347A2 (en) 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Multilayered optical film
US20040135742A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2004-07-15 Weber Michael F. Head-up display with polarized light source and wide-angle p-polarization reflective polarizer
DE102014220189A1 (de) 2014-10-06 2016-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays
US20170208292A1 (en) 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Gerard Dirk Smits Holographic video capture and telepresence system
US20200400945A1 (en) 2018-03-22 2020-12-24 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projection arrangement for a head-up display (hud) with p-polarised light portions
WO2021004685A1 (de) 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024184393A1 (de) 2023-03-09 2024-09-12 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projektionsanordnung

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