WO2022218525A1 - Thermal switching device - Google Patents

Thermal switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022218525A1
WO2022218525A1 PCT/EP2021/059689 EP2021059689W WO2022218525A1 WO 2022218525 A1 WO2022218525 A1 WO 2022218525A1 EP 2021059689 W EP2021059689 W EP 2021059689W WO 2022218525 A1 WO2022218525 A1 WO 2022218525A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
actuating element
contact portion
actuating
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/059689
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Rabien
Lothar BARL
Original Assignee
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V. filed Critical Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.
Priority to PCT/EP2021/059689 priority Critical patent/WO2022218525A1/en
Publication of WO2022218525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218525A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F2013/005—Thermal joints
    • F28F2013/008—Variable conductance materials; Thermal switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device for thermal connection of a first component with a second component in order to transmit thermal energy, preferably under vacuum and/or cryogenic conditions.
  • cryostats Good thermal coupling between heat sinks and heat sources is required for cooling processes or warm-up processes to run efficiently.
  • Static parts of cryostats can be coupled by attaching thermally conductive tapes or straps, or by direct physical contact.
  • dynamic parts i.e. moving devices such as optical wheels.
  • Moving devices in cryostats are connected to, for example, cold plates only by ball bearings that provide minimum contact surfaces and poor conductivity. Connecting moving devices to heat sinks by trailing cooper cables, for example, can result in heavy connections, possi ble failure sources and increased driving forces.
  • the connection of such moving devices with heat switching devices can reduce mass, increase thermal connection and improve reliability.
  • thermal switching devices are desirable, for example, for redundant refrigerators of space crafts. In general, thermal switching devices are required to disconnect components when cooling is not required.
  • Thermal switching devices in different configurations are known from the prior art. Many thermal switching devices may be based on non-moving principles such as thermal diodes with heat pipe technology, superconducting switching devices or magneto resistivity. Thermal switching devices may alternatively be based on moving principles by generation of a differential thermal expansion, piezoelectric actuators or shape memory alloys (see for example publication "Heat switch technol ogy for cryogenic thermal management” by Q S Shu et al 2017, published in IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 278012133, DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/278/1/012133).
  • the object is achieved by the switching device according to independent claim 1. Further examples and applications of the present invention result from the dependent claims and are explained in the following description with partial reference to the figures.
  • a first general aspect of the present invention relates to a switching device for connection of a first component with a second component.
  • the switching device comprises a first contact portion being configured for thermal connection with the first component and a second contact portion being configured for thermal connection with the second component.
  • the first contact portion is coupled to the second contact portion via an actuating unit, the actuating unit comprising a first actuating element and a second actuating element.
  • the first actuating element is connected to or coupled to the second actuating element via a spring element.
  • the first actuating element and the second actuating element form at least partially a chamber of variable volume, preferably adjustably vari able.
  • the chamber is configured for pressurizing with a working medium for actuating at least one of the first actuating element and the second actuating element, preferably essentially in a longitu dinal direction.
  • the thermal connection can comprise preferably the transmission of thermal energy such as heat conduction.
  • the longitudinal direction may be preferably, for example, the direction of switching.
  • the first contact portion and the first actuating element may be connected via a form-fit and/or via a material-fit connection. It is also possible that the first contact portion and the first actuating element are formed integrally as one piece. The same aspect can apply for the second contact por tion and the second actuating element.
  • the present invention provides a switching device that is characterized by a simpler configuration and that is more reliable, preferably when compared to mechanical thermal switching devices that use electrical or piezo motors.
  • a switching device that is characterized by a simpler configuration and that is more reliable, preferably when compared to mechanical thermal switching devices that use electrical or piezo motors.
  • piezo stack actuators much higher strokes or distances can be reached for example.
  • the first actuating element may be movably arranged at least partially in or within the second actuating element, preferably movably arranged in the longitudinal direction.
  • This allows, for example, a compact configuration or design of the switching device, preferably in the longitudinal direction that may be an actuating direction of the switching device.
  • the first actuating element may be at least partially surrounded by the spring element, preferably in the longitudinal direction and/or in circumferential direction of the first ac tuating element.
  • the first actuating element may be at least partially movably supported in the second actuating element via the spring element, preferably in the lon gitudinal direction.
  • the spring element may be configured to guide the first actuating element.
  • the spring element may be configured at least partially bellows-shaped and/or meander-shaped, preferably in the longitudinal direction; and/or wherein the first actuating ele ment and/or the second actuating element can be configured at least partially essentially cylindri- cally.
  • the spring element may close the chamber, prefer ably may seal the chamber medium-tight, preferably liquid tight and/or gas tight.
  • the first actuating element may be configured at least partially as an essentially cylindrically, self-contained hollow body. However, it is alternatively and/or additionally possible that the first actuating element being configured at least partially as an essentially cylindrically body comprising at least one recess. The at least one recess may be configured to apply working medium the spring element.
  • the spring element may be made of metallic material and/or configured spring elastic.
  • the second actuating element may comprise at least one inlet/outlet port for the working medium. This allows chamber 34 to be filled or preferably pressurized with working medium.
  • the switching device may comprise a first bracket and a second bracket, wherein the first bracket may be arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second bracket, wherein each the first bracket and the second bracket can be connected to the first contact portion and the second contact portion, preferably form-fit and/or force-fit.
  • the first bracket and/or the second bracket may, for example, not only support the first contact portion but also allow heat conduction from component A to component B or vice versa.
  • the first contact portion may be arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second contact portion, and/or wherein the actuating unit can be arranged between the first contact portion and the second contact portion.
  • a monitoring element and/or a sensor element may be arranged in the chamber and/or connected to the inlet/outlet port in order to monitor the working medium, preferably a pressure of the working medium in the chamber.
  • At least the first contact portion and/or the second contact portion comprises a contact body, preferably a separate contact body, for direct contacting the first component and/or the second component, wherein the contact body is made of one of the following material or material combinations: pyrolytic graphite, gold and/or copper.
  • the con tact body may be configured, for example, as contact pad or as contact layer.
  • first actuating element and/or the second actuating element may be config ured to change and/or to adjust its thermal conductivity depending on a pressure and/or a temper ature of the working medium.
  • the pressure and/or the temperature of the working medium in the chamber may vary the thermal conductivity of the first actuating element and/or the second actuating element.
  • the working medium can be subjected to a heat treatment to change the pressure of the working medium, preferably to adjust the pressure of the working medium accordingly.
  • the switching device according to the present invention can be used as an electrical switching device for transmission of electrical signals and/or electrical energy, preferably high currents.
  • a further general aspect of the present invention relates to a method of connecting the first com ponent with the second component by the switching device as disclosed herein, wherein the cham ber is pressurized with the working medium to actuate at least one of the first actuating element and the second actuating element, preferably essentially in the longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first example of the switching device according to the present invention in an initial state
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device in the initial state
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a further perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device in an actuated state
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a front view of a second example of the switching device according to the present invention in an actuated state.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention in an initial state.
  • the switching device 1 is configured for thermal connection of a first component A with a second component B.
  • the switching device 1 is configured that more than two components A, B can be thermally connected.
  • Thermal connection may be the transmission of thermal energy, i.e. heat conduction due to a difference of temperature.
  • the first component A and/or the second component B can be made of a thermally conductive material such as a metallic material or a combination of metallic materials. Flowever, it is possible that a non-metallic material or a combination of a metallic and a non-metallic material is used for the first component A and/or for the second component B or for at least parts thereof.
  • the first component A and the second component B are configured at least partially essentially cuboid or plate-shaped. This allows, for example, a simplified connection or coupling to the switching device 1 that has to be configured complementary, preferably form-fit and/or more preferably essentially mechanically backslash-free, i.e. almost without clearance.
  • different configurations of the first component A and/or of the second component B and respective first and second contact portions 10, 20 are possible.
  • the switching device 1 is preferably a mechanical device being configured to transmit thermal en ergy.
  • the switching device 1 comprises a first contact portion 10 being configured for thermal con nection with the first component A.
  • the switching device 1 further comprises a second contact portion 20 being configured for thermal connection with the second component B.
  • the first contact portion 10 and/or the second contact portion 20 can be configured, for example, essentially cuboid or plate-shaped as it is illustrated with regard to the first example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention. However, it is possible that the first contact portion 10 and/or the second contact portion 20 is preferably configured complementary or correspondingly to the configuration of the first component A and/or of the second component B or at least a part thereof.
  • the transmission of thermal energy is preferably realized by heat conduction due to a contact of corresponding surfaces of the first component A with the first contact portion 10, and of corre sponding surfaces of the second component B with the second contact portion 20.
  • the surfaces can be flattened and/or polished to ensure an increased contact area for heat conduction.
  • the first contact portion 10 comprises a contact body 11, preferably a separate contact body 11, for direct contacting the first component A.
  • the contact body 11 is made of one of the following material or material combinations: pyrolytic graphite, gold and/or copper.
  • the switching device 1 is mounted to one of the first and second components A, B, for example via form-fit connection (e.g. screw connection) or material-fit connection (e.g. ad hesive connection or welded connection).
  • form-fit connection e.g. screw connection
  • material-fit connection e.g. ad hesive connection or welded connection
  • the first contact portion 10 is coupled to the second contact portion 20 via an actuating unit 30 of the switching device 1.
  • the actuating unit 30 comprises a first actuating element 31 and a second actuating element 32.
  • the first and the second actuating elements 31, 32 are at least partially mov- ably arranged relative to one another, preferably arranged linearly or translationally movable in a longitudinal direction X in order to switch the switching device 1, which is described in further detail below.
  • the first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20 are configured at least partially es sentially cylindrically and are arranged at least partially inside each other and/or movable to each other that will be described in further detail below.
  • the first actuating element 31 is configured as self-contained hollow body and comprises a recess 36 towards the spring element 33.
  • the switching device 1 further comprises a first bracket 41 and a second bracket 42.
  • the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 represent holding structures or support structures for the first contact portion 10.
  • the first bracket 41 is spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second bracket 42.
  • the first bracket 41 and/or the second bracket 42 is configured spring elastic and/or made of metallic material or a combination of metallic materials.
  • Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 is releasable or detachably mounted to the second contact portion 20 via a screw con nection.
  • Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 comprises a semicircular section each connecting and/or supporting the first contact portion 10.
  • Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 support the first contact portion 10 in an initial state of the switching device 1, i.e.
  • the first contact portion 10 occupies the position as illustrated in figure 1, wherein this position is a non-contacting position of the switching device 1 with regard to the first component A.
  • first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 can be omitted if a small heat conductivity of the switching device is needed. Then, a working medium such as helium with increased heat conducting characteristics can be used preferably.
  • the switching device 1 is connected with a conduit 50.
  • the conduit 50 is configured for conveying a working medium M, wherein preferably the working medium M being conveyable under pressure in the conduit 50.
  • the conduit 50 can be preferably configured as a pipe of essentially circular cross- section and/or made of a metallic material. Further details in connection with conduit 50 are de scribed with regard to figures 2 and 3.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device 1 in the initial state.
  • the distance between the first component A and the first contact portion 10 is clearly visible which represents the condition according to which the switching device 1 is in a non- actuating condition. This condition does not result in heat conduction between the first component A and the second component B via the first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20.
  • the example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention can be further described in detail with regard to the configuration and/or the mode of operation, preferably with regard to the actuating unit 30.
  • the actuating unit 30 is arranged between the first contact portion 10 and the second contact por tion 20 in a sandwich-like manner.
  • the actuating unit 30 is the main component for realizing the switching principle of the switching device 1 in order to connect thermally the first component A with the second component B to realize heat conduction.
  • the actuating unit 30 comprises, as de scribed above, a first actuating element 31 and a second actuating element 32.
  • the first actuating element 31 is configured at least partially essentially cylindrically and the second actuating element 32 is configured at least partially essentially cylindrically.
  • the first actuating ele ment 31 is connected to the second actuating element 32 via a spring element 33.
  • the first actuat ing element 31 and the second actuating element 32 form at least partially a chamber 34 in the form of a hollow chamber of variable volume.
  • the spring element 33 does not form chamber 34 of variable volume.
  • the spring element 33 helps to ensure that the volume of the chamber 34 is closed but variable, preferably adjustably variable.
  • the spring element 33 closes the chamber 34, preferably seals the chamber 34 medium-tight, more preferably liquid tight and/or gas tight.
  • the chamber 34 is configured for pressurizing with a working medium M, prefer ably with a gaseous medium such as a noble gas of non-reacting character (e.g. helium or argon).
  • a gaseous medium such as a noble gas of non-reacting character (e.g. helium or argon).
  • the working medium M may preferably comprise highly conducting characteristics such as helium.
  • the spring element 33 is configured at least partially bellows-shaped and/or meander-shaped, pref erably in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the spring element 33 can preferably be made of a metallic material and/or combination of metallic materials.
  • the spring element 33 is configured spring elas tic, which means that it can be deformed as a result of a force and returns back into the original position after termination of the force application.
  • the spring element 33 extends at least partially along the first actuating element 31 and/or along the second actuating element 32.
  • the spring ele ment 33 is connected to both the first actuating element 31 and the second actuating element 32, for example preferably via a material-fit connection such as an adhesive connection or welded con nection (not shown in the figures).
  • the second actuating element 32 comprises an inlet/outlet port 35 in a ground area, i.e. in a side- wall of the second actuating element 32 being adjacent to a bottom wall of the second actuating element 32.
  • the inlet/outlet port 35 is connected to conduit 50.
  • the working medium M can be conveyed into the chamber 34 via conduit 50 and inlet/outlet port 35.
  • the first actuating element 31 is movably arranged and/or movably supported at least partially in or within the second actuating element 32, preferably movably arranged and/or movably sup ported in the longitudinal direction X of the spring element 33.
  • the spring element 33 is located between an outer wall of the first actuating element 31 and an inner wall of the second actuating element 32.
  • the working medium M can be pressed into the chamber 34 by a pump (not illustrated in the figures for the sake of clarity).
  • a resulting overpressure serves to overcome the resulting holding force at the first con tact portion 10 caused by the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42, and in the further the resulting resistance force generated by the spring element 33.
  • the pump can be configured as atmospheric pressure entering, or as reservoir, or as pressure via heating the working medium.
  • the spring ele ment 33 is compressed in the longitudinal direction X and thus the first actuating element 31 is moved in the longitudinal direction X towards the first component A until the first contact portion 10 abuts against the first component A.
  • the switching device 1 is then switched for thermal con nection of the first component A with the second component B via the actuating unit 30 being coupled to or connected with the first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20, and via the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42.
  • the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 act more or less spring elastic and return the first contact portion 10 to its original position (non-switching position) after a pressure drop in the chamber 34.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a further perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device 1 in an actuated state so that the thermal connection between the first component A and the second component B is realized.
  • the amount of the contact force between the first component A and the first contact portion 10 can be adjusted and/or controlled accordingly via adjusting or varying the pressure of the working medium M.
  • the working medium presses on surfaces of the first actuating element 31 and the spring element 33.
  • the spring element 33 is at least partially compressed by the pressurized working medium M which is located in chamber 34.
  • the first actuating element 31 together with the first contact por tion 10 are displaced or shifted in longitudinal direction X with reference to the second contact portion 20.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a front view of a second example of the switching device 1 according to the pre sent invention in an actuated state.
  • the first component A and the second component B are arranged spaced apart and adjacent to each other forming a gap G arranged between.
  • the second example of the switching device 1 as illustrated in figure 4 comprises a first bracket 41 and a second bracket 42.
  • both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 are not needed since the switch ing device 1, comprising the first actuating element 31 and the second actuating element 32, can form more or less a bridge between the first component A and the second component B such that short paths for heat conduction can be ensured.
  • the switching device 1 as disclosed herein can be preferably used in special environmental condi tions such as vacuum and/or cryogenic conditions since the spring element 33 separates chamber 34 from the outer or external environment. Since the thermal conductivity between the first com ponent A and the first contact portion 10 in a vacuum environment is proportional to the force applied to the first actuating element 31, the switching device 1 thus allows controlling of heat conducting. In order to disconnect the switching device 1 from the first component A, the chamber 34 has just to be evacuated off from the working medium M. Following, the spring element 33 returns back the first actuating element 21 and the first contact portion 10 due to spring forces in the initial position, i.e. in the initial state representing the non-actuating condition.
  • the present invention is not limited to the examples as described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which also make use of the inventive idea and therefore fall within the scope of protection.
  • the present invention also claims protection for the subject matter and the features of the sub-claims independently of the claims referred to.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a switching device (1) for connection of a first component (A) with a second component (B), wherein the switching device (1) comprises a first contact portion (10) being configured for thermal connection with the first component (A) and a second contact portion (20) being configured for thermal connection with the second component (B), wherein the first contact portion (10) is coupled to the second contact portion (20) via an actuating unit (30), the actuating unit (30) comprising a first actuating element (31) and a second actuating element (32), wherein the first actuating element (31) is connected to the second actuating element (32) via a spring element (33) and wherein the first actuating element (31) and the second actuating element (32) form at least partially a chamber (34) of variable volume, the chamber (34) being configured for pressurizing with a working medium (M) for actuating at least one of the first actuating element (31) and the second actuating element (32), preferably in a longitudinal direction (X).

Description

DESCRIPTION
Thermal Switching Device
The present invention relates to a switching device for thermal connection of a first component with a second component in order to transmit thermal energy, preferably under vacuum and/or cryogenic conditions.
Good thermal coupling between heat sinks and heat sources is required for cooling processes or warm-up processes to run efficiently. For example, in relation to cryostats, it is necessary to allow adequate cooling times, or to maintain them in equilibrium state or at a desired temperature. Static parts of cryostats can be coupled by attaching thermally conductive tapes or straps, or by direct physical contact. On the other side, this is not readily possible for dynamic parts, i.e. moving devices such as optical wheels. Moving devices in cryostats are connected to, for example, cold plates only by ball bearings that provide minimum contact surfaces and poor conductivity. Connecting moving devices to heat sinks by trailing cooper cables, for example, can result in heavy connections, possi ble failure sources and increased driving forces. However, the connection of such moving devices with heat switching devices can reduce mass, increase thermal connection and improve reliability. Moreover, thermal switching devices are desirable, for example, for redundant refrigerators of space crafts. In general, thermal switching devices are required to disconnect components when cooling is not required.
Thermal switching devices in different configurations are known from the prior art. Many thermal switching devices may be based on non-moving principles such as thermal diodes with heat pipe technology, superconducting switching devices or magneto resistivity. Thermal switching devices may alternatively be based on moving principles by generation of a differential thermal expansion, piezoelectric actuators or shape memory alloys (see for example publication "Heat switch technol ogy for cryogenic thermal management" by Q S Shu et al 2017, published in IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 278012133, DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/278/1/012133).
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved switching device for thermal con nection of components, preferably in special environmental conditions, wherein the switching de vice is characterized preferably by a more robust and simpler configuration with efficient heat transmission. The object is achieved by the switching device according to independent claim 1. Further examples and applications of the present invention result from the dependent claims and are explained in the following description with partial reference to the figures.
A first general aspect of the present invention relates to a switching device for connection of a first component with a second component. The switching device comprises a first contact portion being configured for thermal connection with the first component and a second contact portion being configured for thermal connection with the second component. The first contact portion is coupled to the second contact portion via an actuating unit, the actuating unit comprising a first actuating element and a second actuating element. The first actuating element is connected to or coupled to the second actuating element via a spring element. The first actuating element and the second actuating element form at least partially a chamber of variable volume, preferably adjustably vari able. The chamber is configured for pressurizing with a working medium for actuating at least one of the first actuating element and the second actuating element, preferably essentially in a longitu dinal direction.
The thermal connection can comprise preferably the transmission of thermal energy such as heat conduction. The longitudinal direction may be preferably, for example, the direction of switching. The first contact portion and the first actuating element may be connected via a form-fit and/or via a material-fit connection. It is also possible that the first contact portion and the first actuating element are formed integrally as one piece. The same aspect can apply for the second contact por tion and the second actuating element.
The present invention, for example, provides a switching device that is characterized by a simpler configuration and that is more reliable, preferably when compared to mechanical thermal switching devices that use electrical or piezo motors. In particular, in comparison to piezo stack actuators, much higher strokes or distances can be reached for example.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the first actuating element may be movably arranged at least partially in or within the second actuating element, preferably movably arranged in the longitudinal direction. This allows, for example, a compact configuration or design of the switching device, preferably in the longitudinal direction that may be an actuating direction of the switching device. It is possible that the first actuating element may be at least partially surrounded by the spring element, preferably in the longitudinal direction and/or in circumferential direction of the first ac tuating element.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the first actuating element may be at least partially movably supported in the second actuating element via the spring element, preferably in the lon gitudinal direction. The spring element may be configured to guide the first actuating element.
It is possible that the spring element may be configured at least partially bellows-shaped and/or meander-shaped, preferably in the longitudinal direction; and/or wherein the first actuating ele ment and/or the second actuating element can be configured at least partially essentially cylindri- cally.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the spring element may close the chamber, prefer ably may seal the chamber medium-tight, preferably liquid tight and/or gas tight. The first actuating element may be configured at least partially as an essentially cylindrically, self-contained hollow body. However, it is alternatively and/or additionally possible that the first actuating element being configured at least partially as an essentially cylindrically body comprising at least one recess. The at least one recess may be configured to apply working medium the spring element.
It is possible that the spring element may be made of metallic material and/or configured spring elastic.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the second actuating element may comprise at least one inlet/outlet port for the working medium. This allows chamber 34 to be filled or preferably pressurized with working medium.
It is possible that the switching device may comprise a first bracket and a second bracket, wherein the first bracket may be arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second bracket, wherein each the first bracket and the second bracket can be connected to the first contact portion and the second contact portion, preferably form-fit and/or force-fit. The first bracket and/or the second bracket may, for example, not only support the first contact portion but also allow heat conduction from component A to component B or vice versa. According to a further aspect of the invention, the first contact portion may be arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second contact portion, and/or wherein the actuating unit can be arranged between the first contact portion and the second contact portion.
It is possible that a monitoring element and/or a sensor element may be arranged in the chamber and/or connected to the inlet/outlet port in order to monitor the working medium, preferably a pressure of the working medium in the chamber.
According to a further aspect of the invention, at least the first contact portion and/or the second contact portion comprises a contact body, preferably a separate contact body, for direct contacting the first component and/or the second component, wherein the contact body is made of one of the following material or material combinations: pyrolytic graphite, gold and/or copper. The con tact body may be configured, for example, as contact pad or as contact layer.
It is possible, that the first actuating element and/or the second actuating element may be config ured to change and/or to adjust its thermal conductivity depending on a pressure and/or a temper ature of the working medium. In other words, the pressure and/or the temperature of the working medium in the chamber may vary the thermal conductivity of the first actuating element and/or the second actuating element. It is possible that the working medium can be subjected to a heat treatment to change the pressure of the working medium, preferably to adjust the pressure of the working medium accordingly.
Additionally, and/or alternatively, the switching device according to the present invention can be used as an electrical switching device for transmission of electrical signals and/or electrical energy, preferably high currents.
A further general aspect of the present invention relates to a method of connecting the first com ponent with the second component by the switching device as disclosed herein, wherein the cham ber is pressurized with the working medium to actuate at least one of the first actuating element and the second actuating element, preferably essentially in the longitudinal direction.
In order to avoid repetition, features which are purely directed to the switching device according to the present invention and/or disclosed in connection therewith should also be considered as disclosed according to the method and be claimable and vice versa. The previously described examples and features of the present invention can be combined with each other in any way.
Further or other details and advantageous effects of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the attached figures:
Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first example of the switching device according to the present invention in an initial state;
Fig. 2 illustrates a perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device in the initial state;
Fig. 3 illustrates a further perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device in an actuated state;
Fig. 4 illustrates a front view of a second example of the switching device according to the present invention in an actuated state.
Identical or functionally equivalent components or elements are marked or labeled in the figures with the same reference signs. For their explanation, reference is also made to the description of other examples and/or figures in order to avoid repetition.
The following detailed description of the examples shown in the figures serves as a closer illustra tion or exemplification and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention in an initial state.
The switching device 1 is configured for thermal connection of a first component A with a second component B. Alternatively, it is possible that the switching device 1 is configured that more than two components A, B can be thermally connected. Thermal connection may be the transmission of thermal energy, i.e. heat conduction due to a difference of temperature.
The first component A and/or the second component B can be made of a thermally conductive material such as a metallic material or a combination of metallic materials. Flowever, it is possible that a non-metallic material or a combination of a metallic and a non-metallic material is used for the first component A and/or for the second component B or for at least parts thereof. The first component A and the second component B are configured at least partially essentially cuboid or plate-shaped. This allows, for example, a simplified connection or coupling to the switching device 1 that has to be configured complementary, preferably form-fit and/or more preferably essentially mechanically backslash-free, i.e. almost without clearance. However, different configurations of the first component A and/or of the second component B and respective first and second contact portions 10, 20 are possible.
The switching device 1 is preferably a mechanical device being configured to transmit thermal en ergy. The switching device 1 comprises a first contact portion 10 being configured for thermal con nection with the first component A. The switching device 1 further comprises a second contact portion 20 being configured for thermal connection with the second component B.
The first contact portion 10 and/or the second contact portion 20 can be configured, for example, essentially cuboid or plate-shaped as it is illustrated with regard to the first example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention. However, it is possible that the first contact portion 10 and/or the second contact portion 20 is preferably configured complementary or correspondingly to the configuration of the first component A and/or of the second component B or at least a part thereof.
The transmission of thermal energy is preferably realized by heat conduction due to a contact of corresponding surfaces of the first component A with the first contact portion 10, and of corre sponding surfaces of the second component B with the second contact portion 20. The surfaces can be flattened and/or polished to ensure an increased contact area for heat conduction.
The first contact portion 10 comprises a contact body 11, preferably a separate contact body 11, for direct contacting the first component A. The contact body 11 is made of one of the following material or material combinations: pyrolytic graphite, gold and/or copper.
It is possible that the switching device 1 is mounted to one of the first and second components A, B, for example via form-fit connection (e.g. screw connection) or material-fit connection (e.g. ad hesive connection or welded connection).
The first contact portion 10 is coupled to the second contact portion 20 via an actuating unit 30 of the switching device 1. The actuating unit 30 comprises a first actuating element 31 and a second actuating element 32. The first and the second actuating elements 31, 32 are at least partially mov- ably arranged relative to one another, preferably arranged linearly or translationally movable in a longitudinal direction X in order to switch the switching device 1, which is described in further detail below.
The first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20 are configured at least partially es sentially cylindrically and are arranged at least partially inside each other and/or movable to each other that will be described in further detail below. The first actuating element 31 is configured as self-contained hollow body and comprises a recess 36 towards the spring element 33.
The switching device 1 further comprises a first bracket 41 and a second bracket 42. The first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 represent holding structures or support structures for the first contact portion 10. The first bracket 41 is spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second bracket 42. The first bracket 41 and/or the second bracket 42 is configured spring elastic and/or made of metallic material or a combination of metallic materials. Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 is releasable or detachably mounted to the second contact portion 20 via a screw con nection. Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 comprises a semicircular section each connecting and/or supporting the first contact portion 10. Both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 support the first contact portion 10 in an initial state of the switching device 1, i.e. when the actuating unit 30 is not actuated and thus no thermal connection is realized, and in an actuated state of the switching device 1. In the initial state of the switching device 1, the first contact portion 10 occupies the position as illustrated in figure 1, wherein this position is a non-contacting position of the switching device 1 with regard to the first component A.
Alternatively, it is possible that the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 can be omitted if a small heat conductivity of the switching device is needed. Then, a working medium such as helium with increased heat conducting characteristics can be used preferably.
The switching device 1 is connected with a conduit 50. The conduit 50 is configured for conveying a working medium M, wherein preferably the working medium M being conveyable under pressure in the conduit 50. The conduit 50 can be preferably configured as a pipe of essentially circular cross- section and/or made of a metallic material. Further details in connection with conduit 50 are de scribed with regard to figures 2 and 3.
Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device 1 in the initial state. The distance between the first component A and the first contact portion 10 is clearly visible which represents the condition according to which the switching device 1 is in a non- actuating condition. This condition does not result in heat conduction between the first component A and the second component B via the first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20.
Due to the sectional view in figure 2, the example of the switching device 1 according to the present invention can be further described in detail with regard to the configuration and/or the mode of operation, preferably with regard to the actuating unit 30.
The actuating unit 30 is arranged between the first contact portion 10 and the second contact por tion 20 in a sandwich-like manner. The actuating unit 30 is the main component for realizing the switching principle of the switching device 1 in order to connect thermally the first component A with the second component B to realize heat conduction. The actuating unit 30 comprises, as de scribed above, a first actuating element 31 and a second actuating element 32.
The first actuating element 31 is configured at least partially essentially cylindrically and the second actuating element 32 is configured at least partially essentially cylindrically. The first actuating ele ment 31 is connected to the second actuating element 32 via a spring element 33. The first actuat ing element 31 and the second actuating element 32 form at least partially a chamber 34 in the form of a hollow chamber of variable volume. In other words, the spring element 33 does not form chamber 34 of variable volume. However, the spring element 33 helps to ensure that the volume of the chamber 34 is closed but variable, preferably adjustably variable. The spring element 33 closes the chamber 34, preferably seals the chamber 34 medium-tight, more preferably liquid tight and/or gas tight. The chamber 34 is configured for pressurizing with a working medium M, prefer ably with a gaseous medium such as a noble gas of non-reacting character (e.g. helium or argon). The working medium M may preferably comprise highly conducting characteristics such as helium.
The spring element 33 is configured at least partially bellows-shaped and/or meander-shaped, pref erably in the longitudinal direction X. The spring element 33 can preferably be made of a metallic material and/or combination of metallic materials. The spring element 33 is configured spring elas tic, which means that it can be deformed as a result of a force and returns back into the original position after termination of the force application. The spring element 33 extends at least partially along the first actuating element 31 and/or along the second actuating element 32. The spring ele ment 33 is connected to both the first actuating element 31 and the second actuating element 32, for example preferably via a material-fit connection such as an adhesive connection or welded con nection (not shown in the figures). The second actuating element 32 comprises an inlet/outlet port 35 in a ground area, i.e. in a side- wall of the second actuating element 32 being adjacent to a bottom wall of the second actuating element 32. The inlet/outlet port 35 is connected to conduit 50. The working medium M can be conveyed into the chamber 34 via conduit 50 and inlet/outlet port 35.
The first actuating element 31 is movably arranged and/or movably supported at least partially in or within the second actuating element 32, preferably movably arranged and/or movably sup ported in the longitudinal direction X of the spring element 33. The spring element 33 is located between an outer wall of the first actuating element 31 and an inner wall of the second actuating element 32.
As regards the switching principle to set the switching device 1 to a switching state, the working medium M can be pressed into the chamber 34 by a pump (not illustrated in the figures for the sake of clarity). A resulting overpressure serves to overcome the resulting holding force at the first con tact portion 10 caused by the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42, and in the further the resulting resistance force generated by the spring element 33.
It is possible that the pump can be configured as atmospheric pressure entering, or as reservoir, or as pressure via heating the working medium.
As soon as the chamber 34 is pressurized with the working medium M accordingly, the spring ele ment 33 is compressed in the longitudinal direction X and thus the first actuating element 31 is moved in the longitudinal direction X towards the first component A until the first contact portion 10 abuts against the first component A. The switching device 1 is then switched for thermal con nection of the first component A with the second component B via the actuating unit 30 being coupled to or connected with the first contact portion 10 and the second contact portion 20, and via the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42. As stated above, the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 act more or less spring elastic and return the first contact portion 10 to its original position (non-switching position) after a pressure drop in the chamber 34.
Figure 3 illustrates a further perspective view (sectional view) of the first example of the switching device 1 in an actuated state so that the thermal connection between the first component A and the second component B is realized. The amount of the contact force between the first component A and the first contact portion 10 can be adjusted and/or controlled accordingly via adjusting or varying the pressure of the working medium M.
The working medium presses on surfaces of the first actuating element 31 and the spring element 33. The spring element 33 is at least partially compressed by the pressurized working medium M which is located in chamber 34. The first actuating element 31 together with the first contact por tion 10 are displaced or shifted in longitudinal direction X with reference to the second contact portion 20.
Figure 4 illustrates a front view of a second example of the switching device 1 according to the pre sent invention in an actuated state.
The first component A and the second component B are arranged spaced apart and adjacent to each other forming a gap G arranged between. The second example of the switching device 1 as illustrated in figure 4 comprises a first bracket 41 and a second bracket 42.
Alternatively, both the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 are not needed since the switch ing device 1, comprising the first actuating element 31 and the second actuating element 32, can form more or less a bridge between the first component A and the second component B such that short paths for heat conduction can be ensured.
The switching device 1 as disclosed herein can be preferably used in special environmental condi tions such as vacuum and/or cryogenic conditions since the spring element 33 separates chamber 34 from the outer or external environment. Since the thermal conductivity between the first com ponent A and the first contact portion 10 in a vacuum environment is proportional to the force applied to the first actuating element 31, the switching device 1 thus allows controlling of heat conducting. In order to disconnect the switching device 1 from the first component A, the chamber 34 has just to be evacuated off from the working medium M. Following, the spring element 33 returns back the first actuating element 21 and the first contact portion 10 due to spring forces in the initial position, i.e. in the initial state representing the non-actuating condition.
The present invention is not limited to the examples as described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which also make use of the inventive idea and therefore fall within the scope of protection. Preferably, the present invention also claims protection for the subject matter and the features of the sub-claims independently of the claims referred to.
List of reference signs
1 switching device
10 first contact portion 11 contact body
20 second contact portion
30 actuating unit
31 first actuating element
32 second actuating element 33 spring element
34 chamber
35 inlet/outlet port
36 recess
41 first bracket 42 second bracket
50 conduit
A first component
B second component G gap
M working medium
X longitudinal direction

Claims

1. A switching device (1) for connection of a first component (A) with a second component (B), wherein the switching device (1) comprises a first contact portion (10) being configured for thermal connection with the first component (A) and a second contact portion (20) be ing configured for thermal connection with the second component (B), wherein the first contact portion (10) is coupled to the second contact portion (20) via an actuating unit (30), the actuating unit (30) comprising a first actuating element (31) and a second actuating element (32), wherein the first actuating element (31) is connected to the second actuating ele ment (32) via a spring element (33) and wherein the first actuating element (31) and the second actuating element (32) form at least partially a chamber (34) of variable volume, the chamber (34) being configured for pressurizing with a working medium (M) for actuating at least one of the first actuating element (31) and the second actuating element (32), preferably in a longitudinal direction (X).
2. The switching device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first actuating element (31) is movably arranged at least partially in the second actuating element (32), preferably movably arranged in the longitudinal direction (X).
3. The switching device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first actuating element (31) is at least partially surrounded by the spring ele ment (33), preferably in the longitudinal direction (X) and/or in circumferential direction of the first actuating element (31).
4. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first actuating element (31) is at least partially movably supported in the sec ond actuating element (32) via the spring element (33), preferably in the longitudinal direc tion (X).
5. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (33) is configured at least partially bellows-shaped and/or me ander-shaped, preferably in the longitudinal direction (X); and/or wherein the first actuat ing element (31) and/or the second actuating element (32) is configured at least partially cylindrically.
6. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (1) closes the chamber (34), preferably seals the chamber (34) medium-tight, preferably liquid tight and/or gas tight.
7. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (33) is made of metallic material and/or configured spring elas tic.
8. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second actuating element (32) comprises at least one inlet/outlet port (35) for the working medium (M).
9. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the switching device (1) comprises a first bracket (41) and a second bracket (42), wherein the first bracket (41) is arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the second bracket (42), wherein each the first bracket (41) and the second bracket (42) is connected to the first contact portion (10) and the second contact portion (20), preferably form-fit and/or force-fit.
10. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first contact portion (10) is arranged spaced apart and/or adjacent to the sec ond contact portion (20), and/or wherein the actuating unit (30) is arranged between the first contact portion (10) and the second contact portion (20).
11. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a monitoring element is arranged in the chamber (34) and/or connected to the inlet/outlet port (35) in order to monitor the working medium (M), preferably a pressure of the working medium (M) in the chamber (34).
12. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first contact portion (10) and/or the second contact portion (20) comprises a contact body (11), preferably a separate contact body (11), for direct contacting the first component (A) and/or the second component (B), wherein the contact body (11) is made of one of the following material or material combinations: pyrolytic graphite, gold and/or copper.
13. The switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first actuating element (31) and/or the second actuating element (32) is con figured to change and/or to adjust its thermal conductivity depending on a pressure and/or a temperature of the working medium (M).
PCT/EP2021/059689 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Thermal switching device WO2022218525A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3399717A (en) * 1966-12-27 1968-09-03 Trw Inc Thermal switch
US3957107A (en) * 1975-02-27 1976-05-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Thermal switch
US4402358A (en) * 1982-10-15 1983-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Heat pipe thermal switch
US20100065263A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2010-03-18 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Thermal Switch

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3399717A (en) * 1966-12-27 1968-09-03 Trw Inc Thermal switch
US3957107A (en) * 1975-02-27 1976-05-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Thermal switch
US4402358A (en) * 1982-10-15 1983-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Heat pipe thermal switch
US20100065263A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2010-03-18 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Thermal Switch

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Q S SHU ET AL.: "Heat switch technology for cryogenic thermal management", IOP CONF. SER.: MATER. SCI. ENG, vol. 278, 2017, pages 012133

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