WO2022217811A1 - 一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器 - Google Patents

一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022217811A1
WO2022217811A1 PCT/CN2021/115562 CN2021115562W WO2022217811A1 WO 2022217811 A1 WO2022217811 A1 WO 2022217811A1 CN 2021115562 W CN2021115562 W CN 2021115562W WO 2022217811 A1 WO2022217811 A1 WO 2022217811A1
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Prior art keywords
protection circuit
rectifier module
motor controller
energy storage
storage capacitor
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PCT/CN2021/115562
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐小三
陈云生
陈鹏元
孙海荣
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中山大洋电机股份有限公司
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Priority to MX2023000548A priority Critical patent/MX2023000548A/es
Priority to US17/962,436 priority patent/US11804798B2/en
Publication of WO2022217811A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022217811A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • H02P29/0241—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an overvoltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a DC brushless motor controller with a lightning protection and surge protection circuit.
  • the DC reactor In the rectifier module-inverter circuit of the three-phase motor variable frequency controller, due to the introduction of a DC reactor, the DC reactor will be charged and discharged as an energy storage element in the circuit. In the discharge stage of the DC reactor (ie inductance), it has an impact on the entire control circuit, and the rectifier module is impacted by high voltage, which is easy to be damaged by overvoltage; resulting in damage and failure of the controller components, poor stability and reliability.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a DC brushless motor controller with a lightning protection and surge protection circuit, which can solve the problem that in the prior art, the DC reactor discharge stage has an impact on the entire control circuit, and the rectifier module is impacted by high voltage , easy to be damaged by overvoltage; cause the damage and failure of the controller components, and the technical problems of poor stability and reliability.
  • the purpose of this utility model is to provide a DC brushless motor controller with lightning protection and surge protection circuit, including a rectifier module, an inverter circuit, an energy storage capacitor C1, a DC reactor L1 and a microprocessor.
  • the output end is connected to the energy storage capacitor C1 to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, and the two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1 are connected to the inverter circuit to supply power to the inverter circuit.
  • a lightning protection and surge protection circuit is arranged between the energy storage capacitor C1 and the rectifier module, and the lightning protection and surge protection circuit includes a differential mode protection circuit and a primary common Mode protection circuit, a differential mode protection circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the DC reactor L1, and a first-level common mode protection circuit is connected between the positive output terminal A and the negative output terminal F of the rectifier module.
  • the differential mode protection circuit described above uses a varistor R2.
  • the above-mentioned one-stage common mode protection circuit adopts the varistor R1.
  • a voltage clamping circuit is also connected in parallel at both ends of the DC reactor L1.
  • the voltage clamping circuit described above includes a diode D0, a resistor R0 and a capacitor C0, the anode of the diode D0 is connected to the anode access terminal B of the capacitor C1, the resistor R0 and the capacitor C0 are connected in parallel, and one end is connected to the cathode of the diode D0, and the other end is connected to to the positive output terminal A of the rectifier module.
  • the above-mentioned two-level common mode protection circuit is connected between the two input terminals D and E of the inverter circuit.
  • the above-mentioned secondary common mode protection circuit adopts the varistor R3.
  • Both ends of the above-mentioned energy storage capacitor C1 are also connected to a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 for discharging, and the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are connected in series.
  • the above-mentioned rectifier module is a three-phase rectifier module, and the input end of the rectifier module is connected to the three-phase AC input.
  • a DC brushless motor controller with lightning protection and surge protection circuit of the present invention includes a rectifier module, an inverter circuit, an energy storage capacitor C1, a DC reactor L1 and a microprocessor, and the output of the rectifier module is The terminal is connected to the energy storage capacitor C1 to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, and the two ends of the energy storage capacitor C1 are connected to the inverter circuit to supply power to the inverter circuit, between the positive output terminal A of the rectifier module and the positive access terminal B of the capacitor C1
  • the series DC reactor L1 is characterized in that: a lightning protection and surge protection circuit is arranged between the energy storage capacitor C1 and the rectifier module, and the lightning protection and surge protection circuit includes a differential mode protection circuit and a first-level common mode Protection circuit, a differential mode protection circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the DC reactor L1, a first-level common mode protection circuit is connected between the positive output terminal A and the negative output terminal F of the rectifier module, and the entire control is performed during the discharge stage of the DC reactor
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a brushless DC motor controller with a lightning protection and surge protection circuit, including a rectifier module, an inverter circuit, an energy storage capacitor C1, DC reactor L1 and microprocessor, the output signal of the microprocessor controls the operation of the inverter circuit, the microprocessor can use the single chip MCU, the output end of the rectifier module is connected to the energy storage capacitor C1 to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, and the energy storage capacitor C1 Both ends are connected to the inverter circuit to supply power to the inverter circuit.
  • a DC reactor L1 is connected in series between the positive output terminal A of the rectifier module and the positive access terminal B of the capacitor C1. The DC reactor L1 improves the current imbalance of the motor controller.
  • a lightning protection and surge protection circuit is arranged between the energy storage capacitor C1 and the rectifier module, and the lightning protection and surge protection circuit includes a differential mode protection circuit and a first-level common mode protection circuit Circuit, a differential mode protection circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the DC reactor L1, a first-level common mode protection circuit is connected between the positive output terminal A and the negative output terminal F of the rectifier module, and the entire control circuit is in the discharge stage of the DC reactor L1. It has an impact effect.
  • the differential mode protection circuit and the first-level common mode protection circuit are used to effectively prevent the rectifier module from being damaged by overvoltage due to high voltage impact, protect the components of the motor controller from damage, and improve the stability and reliability of the motor controller.
  • the above differential mode protection circuit adopts varistor R2, which can effectively protect the rectifier module and improve product reliability in the 6KV surge immunity test of the whole machine.
  • the above-mentioned first-level common mode protection circuit adopts varistor R1, which can effectively protect the rectifier module and improve product reliability in the 6KV surge immunity test of the whole machine.
  • a voltage clamping circuit is also connected in parallel at both ends of the DC reactor L1, and the peak high voltage formed by the DC reactor L1 is absorbed by the voltage clamping circuit to protect the rectifier module.
  • the above-mentioned voltage clamping circuit includes a diode D0, a resistor R0 and a capacitor C0.
  • the anode of the diode D0 is connected to the anode access terminal B of the capacitor C1.
  • the resistor R0 and the capacitor C0 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the cathode of the diode D0, and the other end is connected to the rectifier.
  • the positive output terminal A of the module absorbs the peak high voltage formed by the DC reactor L1 through the voltage clamping circuit to protect the rectifier module from failure.
  • the voltage clamping circuit is used to reduce the withstand voltage of the rectifier module crystal and reduce the cost of the controller.
  • the above-mentioned two-level common mode protection circuit is connected between the two input terminals D and E of the inverter circuit, and the second-level common mode protection circuit protects the inverter circuit to avoid failure of its internal power devices due to high voltage breakdown.
  • the above-mentioned secondary common mode protection circuit adopts varistor R3, which absorbs high frequency and peak interference voltage at the end of the inverter circuit and protects the power devices of the inverter circuit.
  • Both ends of the above-mentioned energy storage capacitor C1 are also connected to a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 for discharging, and the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are connected in series.
  • the above-mentioned rectifier module is a three-phase rectifier module, and the input end of the rectifier module is connected to the three-phase AC input.

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，包括整流模块、逆变电路、储能电容C1、直流电抗器L1和微处理器，整流模块的输出端连接储能电容C1，储能电容C1的两端连接到逆变电路，在储能电容C1与整流模块之间设置有防雷及浪涌保护电路，防雷及浪涌保护电路包括差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1的两端并联差模保护电路，在整流模块的正极输出端A和负极输出端F之间连接一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1放电阶段对整个控制电路有冲击作用，利用差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路有效防止整流模块受高压冲击而出现过压损坏，保护电机控制器元件不易损坏，提高电机控制器的稳定性和可靠性。

Description

一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器 技术领域：
本实用新型涉及一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器。
背景技术：
随着变频技术日异月新的变革，在电机控制中也更多的采用变频控制策略；加上用户使用环境的复杂多变，对于控制器各方面性能要求也更为严苛；电磁兼容问题也是其中一个很大的难题，下面针对电机变频控制器在浪涌的冲击抗扰度试验而言。
在三相电机变频控制器的整流模块-逆变电路中由于引入直流电抗器，直流电抗器作为储能元件在电路中会中充、放电。在直流电抗器(即电感)放电阶段对整个控制电路有冲击作用，整流模块受高压冲击，容易过压损坏；造成控制器元器件损坏和失效，稳定性和可靠性差。
发明内容：
本实用新型的目的是提供一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，能解决现有技术中在直流电抗器放电阶段对整个控制电路有冲击作用，整流模块受高压冲击，容易过压损坏；造成控制器元器件损坏和失效，稳定性和可靠性差的技术问题。
本实用新型的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
本实用新型的目的是提供一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，包括整流模块、逆变电路、储能电容C1、直流电抗器L1和微处理器，整流模块的输出端连接储能电容C1给储能电容C1充电，储能电容C1的两端连接到逆变电路为逆变电路供电，在整流模块的正极输出端A与电容C1的正极接入端B之间串联直流电抗器L1，其特征在于：在储能电容C1与整流模块之间设置有防雷及浪涌保护电路，所述的防雷及浪涌保护电路包括差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1的两端并联差模保护电路，在整流模块的正极输出端A和负极输出端F之间连接一级共模保护电路。
上述所述的差模保护电路采用压敏电阻R2。
上述所述的一级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R1。
上述所述的在直流电抗器L1的两端还并联电压钳位电路。
上述所述的电压钳位电路包括二极管D0、电阻R0和电容C0，二极管D0的正极连接到电容C1的正极接入端B，电阻R0和电容C0并联后一端连接二极管D0的负极，另一端连接到整流模块的正极输出端A。
上述所述的在逆变电路的两个输入端D、E之间连接二级共模保护电路。
上述所述的二级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R3。
上述所述的储能电容C1的两端还连接用于放电的电阻R4和电阻R5，电阻R4和电阻R5串联。
上述所述的整流模块是三相整流模块，整流模块的输入端连接三相交流输入。
本实用新型与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)本实用新型的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，包括整流模块、逆变电路、储能电容C1、直流电抗器L1和微处理器，整流模块的输出端连接储能电容C1给储能电容C1充电，储能电容C1的两端连接到逆变电路为逆变电路供电，在整流模块的正极输出端A与电容C1的正极接入端B之间串联直流电抗器L1，其特征在于：在储能电容C1与整流模块之间设置有防雷及浪涌保护电路，所述的防雷及浪涌保护电路包括差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1的两端并联差模保护电路，在整流模块的正极输出端A和负极输出端F之间连接一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1放电阶段对整个控制电路有冲击作用，利用差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路有效防止整流模块受高压冲击而出现过压损坏，保护电机控制器元件不易损坏，提高电机控制器的稳定性和可靠性。
2)本实用新型的其它优点在实施例部分展开详细描述。
附图说明：
图1是本实用新型实施例一提供的原理图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：
如图1所示，本实施例提供的是本实用新型的目的是提供一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，包括整流模块、逆变电路、储能电容C1、直流电抗器L1和微处理器，微处理器输出信号控制逆变电路工作，微处理器可以采用单片机MCU，整流模块的输出端连接储能电容C1给储能电容C1充电，储能电容C1的两端连接到逆变电路为逆变电路供电，在整流模块的正极输出端A与电容C1的正极接入端B之间串联直流电抗器L1，直流电抗器L1改善电机控制器的电流不平衡度和功率因数，其特征在于：在储能电容C1与整流模块之间设置有防雷及浪涌保护电路，所述的防雷及浪涌保护电路包括差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1的两端并联差模保护电路，在整流模块的正极输出端A和负极输出端F之间连接一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1放电阶段对整个控制电路有冲击作用，利用差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路有效防止整流模块受高压冲击而出现过压损坏，保护电机控制器元件不易损坏，提高电机控制器的稳定性和可靠性。
上述的差模保护电路采用压敏电阻R2，在整机6KV浪涌抗扰度试验中，能够有效保护整流模块，提高产品可靠性。
上述的一级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R1，在整机6KV浪涌抗扰度试验中，能够有效保护整流模块，提高产品可靠性。
上述在直流电抗器L1的两端还并联电压钳位电路，通过电压钳位电路吸收直流电抗器L1形成的尖峰高压，保护整流模块。
上述的电压钳位电路包括二极管D0、电阻R0和电容C0，二极管D0的正极连接到电容C1的正极接入端B，电阻R0和电容C0并联后一端连接二极管D0的负极，另一端连接到整流模块的正极输出端A，通过电压钳位电路吸收直流电抗 器L1形成的尖峰高压，保护整流模块避免失效，采用电压钳位电路，降低整流模块晶元耐压，降低控制器成本。
上述在逆变电路的两个输入端D、E之间连接二级共模保护电路，二级共模保护电路保护逆变电路，避免其内部功率器件因高压击穿失效。
上述二级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R3，吸收逆变电路端高频、尖峰干扰电压，保护逆变电路的功率器件。
上述的储能电容C1的两端还连接用于放电的电阻R4和电阻R5，电阻R4和电阻R5串联。
上述的整流模块是三相整流模块，整流模块的输入端连接三相交流输入。
以上实施例为本实用新型的较佳实施方式，但本实用新型的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本实用新型的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，包括整流模块、逆变电路、储能电容C1、直流电抗器L1和微处理器，整流模块的输出端连接储能电容C1给储能电容C1充电，储能电容C1的两端连接到逆变电路为逆变电路供电，在整流模块的正极输出端A与电容C1的正极接入端B之间串联直流电抗器L1，其特征在于：在储能电容C1与整流模块之间设置有防雷及浪涌保护电路，所述的防雷及浪涌保护电路包括差模保护电路和一级共模保护电路，在直流电抗器L1的两端并联差模保护电路，在整流模块的正极输出端A和负极输出端F之间连接一级共模保护电路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：差模保护电路采用压敏电阻R2。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：一级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R1。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：在直流电抗器L1的两端还并联电压钳位电路。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：电压钳位电路包括二极管D0、电阻R0和电容C0，二极管D0的正极连接到电容C1的正极接入端B，电阻R0和电容C0并联后一端连接二极管D0的负极，另一端连接到整流模块的正极输出端A。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：在逆变电路的两个输入端D、E之间连接二级共模保护电路。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：二级共模保护电路采用压敏电阻R3。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：储能电容C1的两端还连接用于放电的电阻R4和电 阻R5，电阻R4和电阻R5串联。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器，其特征在于：整流模块是三相整流模块，整流模块的输入端连接三相交流输入。
PCT/CN2021/115562 2021-04-15 2021-08-31 一种带防雷及浪涌保护电路的直流无刷电机控制器 WO2022217811A1 (zh)

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CN1377114A (zh) * 2002-04-26 2002-10-30 艾默生网络能源有限公司 辅助电源
CN102412573A (zh) * 2011-11-17 2012-04-11 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 大功率电源设备
CN212162801U (zh) * 2020-05-14 2020-12-15 深圳市金锐显数码科技有限公司 一种小功率电路的雷击浪涌保护电路及电视机

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