WO2022217778A1 - 一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2022217778A1
WO2022217778A1 PCT/CN2021/108393 CN2021108393W WO2022217778A1 WO 2022217778 A1 WO2022217778 A1 WO 2022217778A1 CN 2021108393 W CN2021108393 W CN 2021108393W WO 2022217778 A1 WO2022217778 A1 WO 2022217778A1
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downhole
signal
ground
communication
quantum
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PCT/CN2021/108393
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French (fr)
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孙哲
冯泽东
贺羽
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国仪石油技术(无锡)有限公司
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/005—Below-ground automatic control systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of quantum well logging, in particular to a surface-to-downhole quantum well-logging communication and control device, and also provides a surface-to-downhole quantum well-logging communication and control method.
  • the data transmission of the existing logging technology is to transmit the control signal from the ground to the drilling through mud pulse or electromagnetic measurement while drilling.
  • Mud pulse transmission using drilling fluid as the medium, encodes the pressure pulse of the drilling fluid through the valve, and its transmission rate is low ( ⁇ 10bps), which is not suitable for gas drilling.
  • the electromagnetic measurement while drilling uses the drill pipe as the antenna to realize the transmission of electromagnetic signals, and repeaters can be added in the middle.
  • the present invention provides a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control device, which enables the ground-to-downhole signal transmission to have the advantages of high transmission rate, good stability, large transmission distance and depth; it has the advantages of detection sensitivity
  • the characteristics of high temperature, wide operating temperature range, low working energy consumption, small occupied volume, large channel width, fast transmission rate and low price have obvious advantages in wireless transmission and real-time control of data communication from ground to underground.
  • a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control device is characterized in that: it includes a ground part and a downhole part, the ground part is provided with a transmitting system and a transmitting coil, the transmitting coil is laid on the ground, and is connected with the The transmitting system is connected, and the transmitting coil is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals underground;
  • the downhole part is integrated with an atomic magnetometer, a signal reading device and a control module, the atomic magnetometer is used to receive the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the transmitting coil, and the signal reading device receives and decodes the received electromagnetic wave signal, The decoded instruction is transmitted to the control module, which controls the action of the downhole instrument.
  • the atomic magnetometer uses a high-sensitivity 87 Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum sensor based on the NV color center to detect the signal, its transmission channel covers 0-100 Hz, and the magnetic field intensity that can be detected is as low as 10-12 T magnitude, The noise floor is as low as 1PT/Hz 1/2 , with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio; thanks to the high detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the device, when the atomic magnetometer is used as a signal receiving device, the When the coil is used as a signal transmitting device, a lower transmitting power is used for signal transmission, which can achieve stable signal transmission and detection effect, and reduce the overall energy consumption of the instrument system;
  • the transmission distance Reduce the transmission frequency and increase the size of the coil, the transmission distance is increased;
  • the downhole part is also integrated with a power module.
  • a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control method characterized in that the control signal to be transmitted is coded and modulated by an uphole electromagnetic wave transmitting system and transmitted through a transmitting coil according to the frequency, and the electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from the ground to the downhole, located in the
  • the downhole atomic magnetometer detects the electromagnetic wave signal, and receives and decodes the electromagnetic wave signal through the corresponding signal reading device to realize the communication function from the surface to the downhole, and then the control module realizes the control of the downhole instrument according to the communication command.
  • the electromagnetic signal emitted by the transmitting coil is a low-frequency electromagnetic signal
  • the low-frequency electromagnetic signal is detected and received with high sensitivity by an atomic magnetometer, and the specific high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity are suitable for detection while drilling.
  • the electromagnetic signal emitted by the transmitting coil is a low-frequency electromagnetic signal
  • the low-frequency electromagnetic signal is detected and received with high sensitivity by an atomic magnetometer
  • the specific high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity are suitable for detection while drilling.
  • the existing rotary steering control is mainly controlled by the mud diverter valve to control the mud flow, which generates pulsed mud to drive the generator, and the turbine of the generator generates intermittent rotation. Coding is used to control the rotary steering, and the mud is the power source of the entire drilling system. During this operation, most of the other instruments lose their power source. After the rotary steering system coding is completed, the pressure of the mud can be restored, and the drilling work can continue.
  • the control signal to be transmitted is coded and modulated by the electromagnetic wave transmitting system on the well and transmitted according to the characteristic frequency when the device is in operation. Detect, and receive and decode it through the corresponding receiving device, realize the communication function from the surface to the downhole, and realize the control of the downhole instrument according to the command of the communication.
  • the surface-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control device and method use an atomic magnetometer to detect and receive low-frequency electromagnetic signals with high sensitivity, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, and are suitable for downhole to downhole detection while drilling. In the field of ground communication, compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission, it has many advantages such as higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement corresponding to the device
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the ground part of the device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific installation structure corresponding to the drill collar in the downhole part
  • a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control device is shown in Figures 1-3: it includes a ground part 10 and a downhole part 20, the ground part 10 is provided with a transmitting system 1, a transmitting coil 2, and the transmitting coil 2 is laid on the ground , and connected with the transmitting system 1, the transmitting coil 2 is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals underground;
  • the downhole part 20 is integrated with an atomic magnetometer 3, a signal reading device 4, and a control module 5.
  • the atomic magnetometer 3 is used to receive the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the transmitting coil 2, and the signal reading device 4 receives and decodes the received electromagnetic wave signal. , and transmit the decoded instruction to the control module 5, and the control module 5 controls the action of the downhole instrument.
  • the atomic magnetometer 3 uses a high-sensitivity 87 Rb atomic magnetometer or a diamond quantum sensor based on NV color center to detect the signal, its transmission channel covers 0-100Hz, and the magnetic field intensity that can be detected is as low as 10-12 T.
  • the noise floor is as low as 1PT/Hz 1/2 , with ultra-high sensitivity and detection signal-to-noise ratio; thanks to the high detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the atomic magnetometer 3, when the atomic magnetometer is used as a signal receiving device, the emission
  • a lower transmitting power can be used for signal transmission, which can achieve stable signal transmission and detection effect, and reduce the overall energy consumption of the instrument system;
  • Transmission distance Reduce the transmission frequency and increase the size of the coil, the transmission distance is increased;
  • the downhole part is also integrated with a power supply module 6 .
  • the atomic magnetometer 3, the signal reading device 4, the control module 5, and the power module 6 are respectively independently arranged in the corresponding inner grooves of the outer ring surface of the drill collar 7, and pass through. Cover plate 8 is covered for protection.
  • the atomic magnetometer 3, the signal reading device 4, the control module 5, and the power supply module 6 are provided with a probe type and a plug-in type. Meter, signal reading device, control module, power module; plug-in type is to place the modules of atomic magnetometer, signal reading device, control module and power module in the corresponding slot of the insert body, and then put the insert body as a whole into the drill in the collar.
  • a ground-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control method the control signal to be transmitted is coded and modulated by the uphole electromagnetic wave transmitting system and transmitted through the transmitting coil according to the frequency, the electromagnetic wave signal is radiated from the ground to the downhole, and the atomic magnetic force located in the downhole
  • the meter detects the electromagnetic wave signal, and receives and decodes the electromagnetic wave signal through the corresponding signal reading device to realize the communication function from the surface to the downhole, and then the control module realizes the control of the downhole instrument according to the communication command.
  • the electromagnetic signal emitted by the transmitting coil is a low-frequency electromagnetic signal, and the low-frequency electromagnetic signal is detected and received with high sensitivity by the atomic magnetometer.
  • the high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity are suitable for the field of downhole to ground communication in the detection while drilling. Compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission, it has many advantages such as higher transmission rate, better stability, larger transmission distance and depth.
  • a coil emission source is set up on the ground, 87 Rb atomic magnetometer or diamond atomic magnetometer is used as the underground receiving device, the transmission power is 10kW, the coil diameter is 100m, the number of turns is 20, the frequency is 100Hz, and the generated magnetic moment is about 2E6A m 2.
  • the transmission power is 10kW
  • the coil diameter is 100m
  • the number of turns is 20
  • the frequency is 100Hz
  • the generated magnetic moment is about 2E6A m 2.
  • the limit transmission distance can reach 7km.
  • Lowering the carrier frequency can further increase the transmission distance; in formations with high conductivity, the transmission distance will be limited.
  • Influence of emission frequency when the frequency increases, the inductive reactance increases, the magnetic moment decreases at the same power, and when the inductive reactance dominates, At the same time the skin depth will also be reduced.
  • Coil size effect Increasing the coil size can increase the magnetic moment and increase the transmission distance.
  • the existing rotary steering control is mainly controlled by the mud diverter valve to control the mud flow, which generates pulsed mud to drive the generator, and the turbine of the generator generates intermittent rotation. Coding is used to control the rotary steering, and the mud is the power source of the entire drilling system. During this operation, most of the other instruments lose their power source. After the rotary steering system coding is completed, the pressure of the mud can be restored, and the drilling work can continue.
  • the control signal to be transmitted is encoded and modulated by the uphole electromagnetic wave transmitting system and transmitted according to the characteristic frequency. Detect, and receive and decode it through the corresponding receiving device, realize the communication function from the surface to the downhole, and realize the control of the downhole instrument according to the command of the communication.
  • the surface-to-downhole quantum logging communication and control device and method use an atomic magnetometer to detect and receive low-frequency electromagnetic signals with high sensitivity, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity, and are suitable for downhole to downhole detection while drilling.
  • ground communication compared with traditional mud pulse and electromagnetic transmission, it has many advantages such as higher transmission rate, better stability, greater transmission distance and depth.

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Abstract

一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，包括地面部分(10)和井下部分(20)，所述地面部分(10)设置有发射系统(1)、发射线圈(2)，所述发射线圈(2)铺设于地面上、并与所述发射系统(1)相连接，所述发射线圈(2)用于向地下发射电磁波信号；所述井下部分(20)集成有原子磁力计(3)、信号读取装置(4)、控制模块(5)，所述原子磁力计(3)用于接收发射线圈(2)发出的电磁波信号，所述信号读取装置(4)对所接收的电磁波信号进行接收和解码，并将解码后的指令传送到控制模块(5)，所述控制模块(5)控制井下仪器动作。该装置使得地面向井下传输信号具有传输速率高、稳定性好、传输距离和深度大的优点。

Description

一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及量子测井的技术领域，具体为一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，本发明还提供了地面至井下量子测井通信和控制的方法。
背景技术
现有的测井技术的数据传输是通过泥浆脉冲或电磁随钻测量来进行地面向随钻的控制信号传递。泥浆脉冲传输，以钻井液为介质，通过阀编码钻井液压力脉冲，其传输速率较低(<10bps)，不适用气体钻井。而电磁随钻测量，其利用钻杆作为天线实现电磁信号传输，中途可以添加中继器，传输受地层电阻率影响，低电阻率地层衰减快，故其传输的距离和深度低。
由于测井的距离和深度不断扩大，故需要一种传输速度更高、稳定性更好、传输距离和深度更大的通信和控制装置。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其使得地面向井下传输信号的具有传输速率高、稳定性好、传输距离和深度大的优点；其具有探测灵敏度高、工作温度范围宽、工作能耗低、占用体积小、信道宽度大、传输速率快、价格低廉的特点，在地面至井下数据通讯的无线传输和实时控制方面具有明显优势。
一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特征在于：其包括地面部分和井下部分，所述地面部分设置有发射系统、发射线圈，所述发射线圈铺设于地面上、并与所述发射系统相连接，所述发射线圈用于向地下发射电磁 波信号；
所述井下部分集成有原子磁力计、信号读取装置、控制模块，所述原子磁力计用于接收发射线圈发出的电磁波信号，所述信号读取装置对所接收的电磁波信号进行接收和解码，并将解码后的指令传送到控制模块，所述控制模块控制井下仪器动作。
其进一步特征在于：
所述原子磁力计采用高灵敏度 87Rb原子磁力计或基于NV色心的金刚石量子传感器对信号进行探测，其传输信道覆盖0-100Hz，所能够探测的磁场强度低至10 -12T量级，本底噪声低至1PT/Hz 1/2，具有超高的灵敏度和探测信噪比；得益于该设备的高探测灵敏度和信噪比，在采用该原子磁力计作为信号接收装置时、发射线圈作为信号发射装置时采用更低的发射功率进行信号发射即达到信号的稳定传输和探测效果，降低了仪器系统的整体能耗；
所述发射线圈的直径覆盖范围越大磁矩越大、用于提高传输距离；
所述传输距离
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000001
减低发射频率和增大线圈尺寸，传输距离均增加；
所述井下部分还集成有电源模块。
一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法，其特征在于：由井上电磁波发射系统对要发射的控制信号进行编码和调制并按照频率通过发射线圈进行发射，电磁波信号由地面辐射到井下，位于井下的原子磁力计对电磁波信号进行探测，并通过对应的信号读取装置对电磁波信号进行接收和解码，实现地面到井下的通信功能，之后控制模块根据通信的命令实现对井下仪器的控 制。
其进一步特征在于：所述发射线圈发出的电磁信号为低频电磁信号，通过原子磁力计对低频电磁信号进行高灵敏度探测和接收，具体极高的信噪比和探测灵敏度，适用于随钻探测中的井下至地面通信领域，相较于传统的泥浆脉冲和电磁传输具有传输速率更高、稳定性更好、传输距离和深度更大等多方面优势；
其适用于地面至井下的旋转导向系统实时通信控制，现有旋转导向的控制主要由泥浆分流阀来控制泥浆流量，产生脉冲式泥浆驱动发电机，发电机的涡轮产生间歇性旋转，通过该信号进行编码来实现旋转导向的控制，而泥浆作为整个钻井系统的动力来源在进行该操作时其他大部分仪器均丧失动力来源，需要等待旋转导向系统编码完成后才能恢复泥浆的压力，钻井工作才能继续进行，采用本发明的方法后其建立了一个全新的传输信道，不再使用泥浆脉冲，大幅度提高了钻井的效率，并且泥浆编码的准确性在井深过大时并不好，采用该方法有效的避开了这个弊端；
其适用于生产测井产油剖面流量阀的控制。
采用本发明后，装置在工作时由井上电磁波发射系统对要发射的控制信号进行编码和调制并按照特点的频率进行发射，电磁波信号由地层辐射到井下，位于井下的原子磁力计对电磁波信号进行探测，并通过对应的接收装置对其进行接收和解码，实现地面到井下的通信功能，根据通信的命令实现对井下仪器的控制。这种地面至井下的量子测井通信及控制装置及方法通过原子磁力计对低频电磁信号进行高灵敏度探测和接收，具体极高的信噪比和探测灵敏度，适用于随钻探测中的井下至地面通信领域，相较于传统的泥浆脉 冲和电磁传输具有传输速率更高、稳定性更好、传输距离和深度更大等多方面优势。
附图说明
图1为装置所对应的布置示意简图；
图2为装置的地面部分的布置示意简图；
图3为井下部分的对应于钻铤的具体安装结构示意图；
图中序号所对应的名称如下：
地面部分10、井下部分20、发射系统1、发射线圈2、原子磁力计3、信号读取装置4、控制模块5、电源模块6、钻铤7、盖板8。
具体实施方式
一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，见图1-图3：其包括地面部分10和井下部分20，地面部分10设置有发射系统1、发射线圈2，发射线圈2铺设于地面上、并与发射系统1相连接，发射线圈2用于向地下发射电磁波信号；
井下部分20集成有原子磁力计3、信号读取装置4、控制模块5，原子磁力计3用于接收发射线圈2发出的电磁波信号，信号读取装置4对所接收的电磁波信号进行接收和解码，并将解码后的指令传送到控制模块5，控制模块5控制井下仪器动作。
原子磁力计3采用高灵敏度 87Rb原子磁力计或基于NV色心的金刚石量子传感器对信号进行探测，其传输信道覆盖0-100Hz，所能够探测的磁场强度低至10 -12T量级，本底噪声低至1PT/Hz 1/2，具有超高的灵敏度和探测信噪比；得益于原子磁力计3高探测灵敏度和信噪比，在采用该原子磁力计作为信号 接收装置时、发射线圈2作为信号发射装置时可以采用更低的发射功率进行信号发射即可达到信号的稳定传输和探测效果，降低了仪器系统的整体能耗；
发射线圈2的直径覆盖范围越大磁矩越大、用于提高传输距离；
传输距离
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000002
减低发射频率和增大线圈尺寸，传输距离均增加；
井下部分还集成有电源模块6。
井下部分在具体布置(见图2)时，原子磁力计3、信号读取装置4、控制模块5、电源模块6分别独立布置于钻铤7的外环面的对应内凹槽内、并通过盖板8盖装保护。此外，原子磁力计3、信号读取装置4、控制模块5、电源模块6的设置有探管式和插入式，其中探管式具体为在钻铤上挖圆柱形孔，直接放入原子磁力计、信号读取装置、控制模块、电源模块；插入式为将原子磁力计、信号读取装置、控制模块、电源模块的模块放置于插入体的对应插槽，之后将插入体整体放入钻铤中。
一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法：由井上电磁波发射系统对要发射的控制信号进行编码和调制并按照频率通过发射线圈进行发射，电磁波信号由地面辐射到井下，位于井下的原子磁力计对电磁波信号进行探测，并通过对应的信号读取装置对电磁波信号进行接收和解码，实现地面到井下的通信功能，之后控制模块根据通信的命令实现对井下仪器的控制。
发射线圈发出的电磁信号为低频电磁信号，通过原子磁力计对低频电磁信号进行高灵敏度探测和接收，具体极高的信噪比和探测灵敏度，适用于随钻探测中的井下至地面通信领域，相较于传统的泥浆脉冲和电磁传输具有传 输速率更高、稳定性更好、传输距离和深度更大等多方面优势。
具体实施时，在地面设立线圈发射源， 87Rb原子磁力计或金刚石原子磁力计作为井下接收装置，发射功率10kW，线圈直径100m，匝数20匝，频率100Hz，产生的磁矩大约2E6A·m 2，考虑信号衰减：e -r/δ，r为距离，δ为趋肤深度(频率100Hz，电导率0.001S/m时约1500m)，极限接收灵敏度和极限传输距离的传输参数见表1
表1
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000003
选取10fT/√Hz为极限接收灵敏度，以50bps的极限传输速率(载波频率的一半)，极限传输距离可达7km。
其中，趋肤深度的影响：
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000004
信号频率，σ：地层电导率(0.1～0.001S/m)
降低载波频率，可进一步提高传输距离；在高电导率的地层，传输距离将受限。
发射功率的影响：距离
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000005
发射频率影响：频率提高，感抗增加，同功率下磁矩减小，感抗占主导时，
Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-000006
同时趋肤深度也将减小。
线圈尺寸影响：增大线圈尺寸可以增大磁矩，提高传输距离。
其适用于地面至井下的旋转导向系统实时通信控制，现有旋转导向的控制主要由泥浆分流阀来控制泥浆流量，产生脉冲式泥浆驱动发电机，发电机的涡轮产生间歇性旋转，通过该信号进行编码来实现旋转导向的控制，而泥浆作为整个钻井系统的动力来源在进行该操作时其他大部分仪器均丧失动力来源，需要等待旋转导向系统编码完成后才能恢复泥浆的压力，钻井工作才能继续进行，采用本发明的方法后其建立了一个全新的传输信道，不再使用泥浆脉冲，大幅度提高了钻井的效率，并且泥浆编码的准确性在井深过大时并不好，采用该方法有效的避开了这个弊端；
其适用于生产测井产油剖面流量阀的控制。
其工作原理如下：装置在工作时由井上电磁波发射系统对要发射的控制信号进行编码和调制并按照特点的频率进行发射，电磁波信号由地层辐射到井下，位于井下的原子磁力计对电磁波信号进行探测，并通过对应的接收装置对其进行接收和解码，实现地面到井下的通信功能，根据通信的命令实现对井下仪器的控制。这种地面至井下的量子测井通信及控制装置及方法通过原子磁力计对低频电磁信号进行高灵敏度探测和接收，具体极高的信噪比和 探测灵敏度，适用于随钻探测中的井下至地面通信领域，相较于传统的泥浆脉冲和电磁传输具有传输速率更高、稳定性更好、传输距离和深度更大等多方面优势。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特征在于：其包括地面部分和井下部分，所述地面部分设置有发射系统、发射线圈，所述发射线圈铺设于地面上、并与所述发射系统相连接，所述发射线圈用于向地下发射电磁波信号；
    所述井下部分集成有原子磁力计、信号读取装置、控制模块，所述原子磁力计用于接收发射线圈发出的电磁波信号，所述信号读取装置对所接收的电磁波信号进行接收和解码，并将解码后的指令传送到控制模块，所述控制模块控制井下仪器动作。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特征在于：所述原子磁力计采用高灵敏度 87Rb原子磁力计或基于NV色心的金刚石量子传感器对信号进行探测，其传输信道覆盖0-100Hz，所能够探测的磁场强度低至10 -12T量级，本底噪声低至1PT/Hz 1/2，具有超高的灵敏度和探测信噪比；得益于该设备的高探测灵敏度和信噪比，在采用该原子磁力计作为信号接收装置时、发射线圈作为信号发射装置时采用更低的发射功率进行信号发射即达到信号的稳定传输和探测效果，降低了仪器系统的整体能耗。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特征在于：所述发射线圈的直径覆盖范围越大磁矩越大、用于提高传输距离。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特征在于：所述传输距离
    Figure PCTCN2021108393-appb-100001
    减低发射频率和增大线圈尺寸，传输距离均增加。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制装置，其特 征在于：所述井下部分还集成有电源模块。
  6. 一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法，其特征在于：由井上电磁波发射系统对要发射的控制信号进行编码和调制并按照频率通过发射线圈进行发射，电磁波信号由地面辐射到井下，位于井下的原子磁力计对电磁波信号进行探测，并通过对应的信号读取装置对电磁波信号进行接收和解码，实现地面到井下的通信功能，之后控制模块根据通信的命令实现对井下仪器的控制。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法，其特征在于：所述发射线圈发出的电磁信号为低频电磁信号，通过原子磁力计对低频电磁信号进行高灵敏度探测和接收，具体极高的信噪比和探测灵敏度，适用于随钻探测中的井下至地面通信领域。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法，其特征在于：其适用于地面至井下的旋转导向系统实时通信控制。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的一种地面至井下量子测井通信和控制方法，其特征在于：其适用于生产测井产油剖面流量阀的控制。
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