WO2022217465A1 - 打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备 - Google Patents

打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022217465A1
WO2022217465A1 PCT/CN2021/087027 CN2021087027W WO2022217465A1 WO 2022217465 A1 WO2022217465 A1 WO 2022217465A1 CN 2021087027 W CN2021087027 W CN 2021087027W WO 2022217465 A1 WO2022217465 A1 WO 2022217465A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
coding
period
switch
energy storage
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PCT/CN2021/087027
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢浩
Original Assignee
深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/087027 priority Critical patent/WO2022217465A1/zh
Priority to CN202180000821.3A priority patent/CN113302580A/zh
Priority to US17/494,474 priority patent/US11416088B1/en
Publication of WO2022217465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022217465A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/038—Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
    • G06F3/0383—Signal control means within the pointing device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/04162—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for exchanging data with external devices, e.g. smart pens, via the digitiser sensing hardware
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03545—Pens or stylus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/038—Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K17/9622—Capacitive touch switches using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0442—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using active external devices, e.g. active pens, for transmitting changes in electrical potential to be received by the digitiser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/96071—Capacitive touch switches characterised by the detection principle
    • H03K2217/960725—Charge-transfer

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of touch technology, and more particularly, to a coding circuit, an active pen, and an electronic device.
  • Active pens on the market generally use a high-voltage square wave coding scheme. Because the voltage at the edge of the square wave changes rapidly, and the coding frequency is high, for example, the coding frequency is generally 50Khz ⁇ 500Khz. , the power consumption will be very large at the equivalent capacitance of the pen tip electrode.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a coding circuit, an active pen, and an electronic device, which can reduce the power consumption of a tip electrode of the active pen.
  • a coding circuit is provided, the coding circuit is used for an active pen, and the coding circuit includes: a power supply assembly, at least one energy storage capacitor, a switch assembly and a coding electrode, and the switch assembly is used for The voltage of the at least one energy storage capacitor is controlled to be connected to the power supply component, so that the at least one energy storage capacitor reaches the energy storage voltage.
  • the switch component is used to control the connection between the power supply component, the at least one energy storage capacitor and the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs a first voltage, at least one The second voltage and the third voltage, the first voltage and the third voltage are respectively the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage output by the coding electrode, and the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is the
  • the coding voltage of the active pen the at least one second voltage includes the sum of the energy storage voltages of i energy storage capacitors, i is a positive integer less than or equal to n, and i takes values in an increasing or decreasing order, and n is The number of the at least one energy storage capacitor, and the sum of the energy storage voltage of the at least one energy storage capacitor is smaller than the first voltage.
  • the coding electrode can output a plurality of unequal outputs.
  • the voltage that is, the existing pulse width modulation (Pulse width modulation, PWM) square wave is converted into a stepped waveform, and the voltage change is slowed down to reduce the instantaneous charging current of the pen tip capacitor, thereby reducing the power consumption of the coding electrode; and , the at least one energy storage capacitor set in the coding circuit can also recycle the charge of the pen tip capacitor, so as to further reduce the coding power consumption.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the third voltage is equal to zero, and in the coding period: in the first period, the switch component is used to control the power component to be connected to the coding electrode, so that the The coding electrode outputs the first voltage, and in a second period after the first period, the switch component is used to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrode, so that the The coding electrode outputs the at least one second voltage, i takes values in descending order, and the at least one second voltage is all greater than zero; in the third period after the second period, the switch component is used to control The coding electrode is grounded so that the output voltage of the coding electrode is zero.
  • the third voltage is equal to zero, and in the coding period: in a fourth period after the third period, the switch component is used to control the i storage capacitors be connected in series with the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the at least one second voltage, i takes values in an increasing order; in the fifth period after the fourth period, the switch component is used for The power supply assembly is controlled to be connected with the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the first voltage.
  • the third voltage is less than zero, and in the coding period: in the first period of time, the switch component is used to control the power component to be connected to the coding electrode, so as to Make the coding electrode output the first voltage; in the second period after the first period, the switch component is used to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrode, so that all the The coding electrode outputs at least one fourth voltage, i takes values in descending order, the at least one fourth voltage is all greater than zero, and the at least one second voltage includes the at least one fourth voltage; In the third period after the second period, the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode is zero, and the at least one second voltage includes zero voltage; in the third In the sixth period after the period, the switch assembly is used to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrodes, so that the coding electrodes output at least one fifth voltage, and i takes values in an increasing order
  • the third voltage is less than zero, and in the coding period: in an eighth period after the seventh period, the switch component is used to control the i energy stores A capacitor is connected in series with the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the at least one fifth voltage, and i takes values in descending order; in the ninth period after the eighth period, the switch component uses In controlling the coding electrode to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode is zero; in the fourth period after the ninth period, the switch component is used to control the i energy storage capacitors and the The coding electrodes are connected in series, so that the coding electrodes output the at least one fourth voltage, and i takes values in an increasing order; in the fifth period after the fourth period, the switch component is used to control the The power supply assembly is connected to the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the first voltage.
  • the absolute value of the third voltage is equal to the absolute value of the first voltage.
  • the switch assembly includes a first switch, one end of the first switch is connected to the first output end included in the power supply assembly, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the switch
  • the code electrodes are connected, the first switch is turned on in the first period and the fifth period in the coding period, and in the period other than the first period and the fifth period in the coding period disconnected, the first output terminal is used for outputting the first voltage.
  • the switch assembly includes a second switch, one end of the second switch is grounded, the other end of the second switch is connected to the coding electrode, and the second switch is located at the The third period and the ninth period in the coding period are turned on, and the periods other than the third period and the ninth period are turned off in the coding period.
  • the switch assembly includes a third switch, one end of the third switch is connected to the second output end included in the power supply assembly, and the other end of the third switch is connected to the switch
  • the code electrode is connected, the third switch is turned on in the seventh period of the coding period, and is turned off during the period other than the seventh period of the coding period, and the second output terminal for outputting the third voltage.
  • the switch assembly includes n fourth switches and fifth switches, the n fourth switches are in one-to-one correspondence with the n energy storage capacitors, and each of the n fourth switches One end of each fourth switch is connected to the coding electrode, the other end of each fourth switch is connected to the first end of the corresponding energy storage capacitor, one end of the fifth switch is grounded, and the fifth switch is connected to the ground.
  • the other end is connected to the second end of the at least one energy storage capacitor, wherein the n fourth switches are turned on in sequence during the second and fourth periods of the coding cycle to control the i energy storage capacitors are connected to the coding electrodes, the n fourth switches are disconnected during the coding period except for the second period and the fourth period, and the fifth switch is used for It is turned on during the second period and the fourth period of the coding period, and turned off during the period other than the second period and the fourth period of the coding period.
  • the switch assembly includes a sixth switch and n seventh switches, one end of the sixth switch is grounded, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the first end is connected, the n seventh switches are in one-to-one correspondence with the n energy storage capacitors, one end of each seventh switch in the n seventh switches is connected with the coding electrode, and each of the n seventh switches is connected to the coding electrode.
  • the other end of the seven switches is connected to the second end of the corresponding energy storage capacitor, wherein the sixth switch is used for conducting in the sixth and eighth periods of the coding period, and during the coding period
  • the periods other than the sixth period and the eighth period are turned off, and the n seventh switches are turned on in sequence during the sixth and eighth periods of the coding cycle to control the i Energy storage capacitors are connected to the coding electrodes, and the n seventh switches are turned off during periods other than the sixth period and the eighth period of the coding cycle.
  • the switch assembly further includes an eighth switch, one end of the eighth switch is connected to the third output end included in the power supply assembly, and the other end of the eighth switch is connected to the third output end of the power source assembly.
  • the first end of at least one energy storage capacitor is connected, the eighth switch is turned on during the first period and the fifth period of the coding period, and the first period and the fifth period are divided in the coding period.
  • the period other than the fifth period is disconnected, and the third output terminal is used to provide the energy storage voltage for the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the at least one energy storage capacitor is a plurality of energy storage capacitors, and the capacitances of the plurality of energy storage capacitors are equal.
  • the capacitance of each energy storage capacitor in the at least one energy storage capacitor is 20 times to 100 times the preset capacitance, and the preset capacitance is between the coding electrode and the touch screen the capacitance of the equivalent capacitor.
  • the power supply component includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a ninth switch and a tenth switch, and one end of the first capacitor is connected to the first output end of the power supply component, so The other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the ninth switch, and is connected to one end of the tenth switch, the other end of the ninth switch is grounded, and the other end of the tenth switch is connected to the One end of the two capacitors is connected, and one end of the second capacitor is the second output end of the power supply assembly, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
  • the first output terminal is used to output the first voltage
  • the ninth switch is turned on
  • the tenth switch is turned off
  • the first output terminal outputs the voltage If it is zero
  • the ninth switch is turned off
  • the tenth switch is turned on, so that the second output terminal outputs the third voltage, and the third voltage is less than zero.
  • a coding circuit is provided, the coding circuit is used for an active pen, the coding circuit includes a switch assembly and a coding electrode, and the coding electrode includes the pen tip of the active pen.
  • the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to output the first voltage
  • the switch component is used to control the coding electrode at least one second voltage is output, and the at least one second voltage is all smaller than the first voltage
  • the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to output a third voltage, the third voltage is less than the at least one second voltage, and the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is the coding voltage of the active pen
  • a fourth time after the third time the switch component is used to control the coding voltage to output the at least one second voltage
  • the switch component is used to control the coding voltage to output the first voltage a voltage.
  • the coding circuit includes: at least one energy storage capacitor, the at least one second voltage includes a sum of energy storage voltages of i energy storage capacitors, where i is a positive value less than or equal to n Integer and i take values in ascending or descending order, n is the number of the at least one energy storage capacitor, and the sum of the energy storage voltages of the at least one energy storage capacitor is less than the first voltage.
  • the third voltage is equal to zero
  • the coding circuit further includes a power supply component and a switch component, and in the coding cycle: in the first period included in the first time, all The switch component is used to control the power supply component to be connected to the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the first voltage, and in the second period included in the second time, the switch component is used for The i energy storage capacitors are controlled to be connected in series with the coding electrodes, so that the coding electrodes output the at least one second voltage, i takes values in a decreasing order, and the at least one second voltage is greater than zero ; In the third period included in the third time, the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode is zero.
  • the switch component in a fourth period included in the fourth time, is configured to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrodes , so that the coding electrode outputs the at least one second voltage, and i takes values in an increasing order; in the fifth period included in the fifth time, the switch component is used to control the power supply component and the The coding electrodes are connected, so that the coding electrodes output the first voltage.
  • the third voltage is less than zero
  • the coding circuit further includes a power supply component and a switch component, and in the coding cycle: during the first period included in the first time, The switch assembly is used to control the power source assembly to be connected to the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the first voltage; in the second period included in the second time, the switch assembly uses In order to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrodes, so that the coding electrodes output at least one fourth voltage, i takes values in a decreasing order, and the at least one fourth voltage is all greater than zero,
  • the at least one second voltage includes the at least one fourth voltage; in a third period after the second period, the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to be grounded, so that the coding electrode outputs
  • the voltage is zero, the at least one second voltage includes zero voltage, and the second time includes the third period; in a sixth period after the third period, the switch component is used to control the i
  • the energy storage capacitor is connected in series
  • the voltage includes the at least one fifth voltage, the second time includes the sixth time period; and in the seventh time period included in the third time, the switch assembly is used to control the power supply assembly and the coding
  • the electrodes are connected, so that the coding electrode outputs the third voltage, and the absolute value of the third voltage is greater than the sum of the energy storage voltages of the at least one energy storage capacitor.
  • the switch component in the eighth period included in the fourth time, the switch component is used to control the i energy storage capacitors to be connected in series with the coding electrodes , so that the coding electrode outputs the at least one fifth voltage, and i takes values in descending order; in the ninth time period after the eighth time period, the switch component is used to control the coding electrode to be grounded , so that the output voltage of the coding electrode is zero, and the fourth time includes the ninth period; in the fourth period after the ninth period, the switch component is used to control the i energy storage A capacitor is connected in series with the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the at least one fourth voltage, i takes values in an increasing order, and the fourth time includes the fourth period; The time includes the fifth period, the switch component is used to control the power supply component to be connected to the coding electrode, so that the coding electrode outputs the first voltage.
  • the absolute value of the third voltage is equal to the absolute value of the first voltage.
  • the at least one energy storage capacitor is a plurality of energy storage capacitors, and the capacitances of the plurality of energy storage capacitors are equal.
  • the capacitance of each energy storage capacitor in the at least one energy storage capacitor is 20 times to 100 times the preset capacitance, and the preset capacitance is between the coding electrode and the touch screen the capacitance of the equivalent capacitor.
  • an active pen including: the coding circuit in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • an electronic device including: a touch screen; and the active pen in the third aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of cooperative work of an electronic device and an active pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an active pen according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coding circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of the coding circuit in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a coding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a coding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the states of each switch in the coding circuit in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of the coding electrodes of the coding circuit in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another coding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the states of each switch in the coding circuit in FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of the coding electrodes of the coding circuit in FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of still another coding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the storage voltage obtained by the storage capacitor in the coding circuit of FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor and the number of times of charging required to obtain a stable energy storage voltage according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor and the energy saving effect according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a power supply assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the coordinate position detection of the active pen 100 .
  • the detection system of the capacitive active pen mainly includes the active pen 100 and the touch screen.
  • the active pen 100 in this embodiment of the present application may be used in an electronic device having a touch screen, for example, the electronic device may be a notebook, a tablet, or a smart phone.
  • the electronic device with the active pen function will actively inform the active pen 100 after recognizing that the active pen 100 is approaching, and the active pen 100 can automatically print codes, so that the electronic device can determine the coordinates of the active pen 100, thereby realizing the writing function; , the active pen 100 can also have a pressure detection function, and the active pen 100 can transmit pressure data to the electronic device synchronously, so that handwriting with different thick lines can also be realized.
  • a certain number of vertical and horizontal detection electrodes are distributed on the touch screen of an electronic device, for example, the driving electrodes and the sensing electrodes of the mutual capacitive touch screen, which are respectively connected to the driving circuit and the sensing circuit.
  • the active pen 100 can transmit a coding signal through the electrode located at the tip of the pen.
  • the coding signal can be an excitation signal.
  • the coding signal After the coding signal is detected by the touch screen, it can be used to calculate the coordinates of the active pen 100 on the touch screen. For example, When the coding signal output by the pen tip acts on a certain position of the screen, the horizontal electrode and vertical electrode corresponding to the position will generate corresponding detection signals. 2D position coordinates on .
  • a pressure sensor can be connected to the electrodes of the pen tip.
  • the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure generated by the active pen 100 on the touch screen, so that the active pen 100 can sense the change of the user's writing force, and the touch screen can change the thickness of the handwriting according to the change of the writing force, so as to achieve an excellent user effect experience.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the active pen 100 .
  • the active pen 100 includes a main board 110 , a main electrode 120 , an inclined electrode 130 , a pen tip housing 150 and a pen body housing 140 .
  • the head of the main electrode 120 may be the tip of the active pen 100 for writing on the touch screen surface of the electronic device, and the rest of the main electrode 120 may be covered by at least a part of the pen tip housing 150 and the pen body housing 140
  • the pen tip shell 150 and the pen body shell 140 can be made of insulating materials, such as silicone or plastic; the main board 110 is usually located inside the active pen 100 and is wrapped by the pen body shell 140; the inclined electrode 130 is usually located at the pen tip shell 150, for example , can be used as part of the nib housing 150 .
  • the main electrode 120 and the inclined electrode 130 are combined together and can be used to detect the gesture of the active pen.
  • the main board 110 can control the main electrode 120 to emit drive signals outward, so as to calculate the position coordinates of the pen tip of the active pen 100 based on the principle shown in FIG.
  • the driving signal emitted by the tilt electrode 130 can be used to calculate the tilt angle of the active pen 100 .
  • the touch screen 200 can present a handwriting shape matching the tilt degree to the user, thereby improving user experience.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a square wave coding scheme.
  • the circuit includes two switches Ka and Kb.
  • the two switches Ka and Kb are voltage-controlled switches as an example.
  • the two switches can also be metal-oxide semiconductor field effect.
  • Transistor Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the capacitor C0 in the circuit represents the equivalent capacitor between the coding electrode of the active pen 100 and the touch screen.
  • the pen tip capacitor C0 in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the coding electrode can be such as
  • the difference between the maximum and the minimum peak value of the voltage output by the coding electrode of the active pen 100 is the coding voltage of the active pen 100 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the coding voltage output by the active pen 100.
  • the coding electrodes of the active pen 100 output The waveform of the voltage is a traditional PWM square wave.
  • the voltage changes rapidly between 40V and 0V, resulting in a larger instantaneous charging current of the tip capacitor C0, and due to the high coding frequency, for example, the coding frequency is generally 50Khz ⁇ 500Khz, therefore, in this high-voltage coding process, the power consumption at the tip capacitor C0 will be very large; in addition, since the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 changes from 40V to 0V, there is no charge recovery, As a result, the charge stored in the tip capacitor C0 is completely wasted, thereby further increasing the overall power consumption.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a coding circuit, which can solve the above problems.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a coding circuit 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the coding circuit 200 may be applied to the active pen 100.
  • the coding circuit 200 may include: a switch assembly 230 and a coding The code electrode 240, wherein the switch assembly 230 can be used to control the output voltage of the code electrode 240.
  • the switch assembly 230 can control the coding electrode 240 to output a first voltage, at least one second voltage and a third voltage, where the first voltage and the third voltage are output by the coding electrode 240 respectively.
  • the difference between the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage, and the first voltage and the third voltage is the coding voltage of the active pen 100 .
  • the coding period may include a plurality of different time periods.
  • the coding period may include: during a first time, the switch component 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to output a first voltage; during a second time after the first time, the switch component 230 is used to control The coding electrode 240 outputs at least one second voltage, and the at least one second voltage is smaller than the first voltage; in a third time after the second time, the switch component 230 is used to control the output of the coding electrode 240 a third voltage, the third voltage is smaller than the at least one second voltage; at a fourth time after the third time, the switch component 230 is used to control the coding voltage to output the at least one second voltage; at the fourth time At the fifth time after the time, the switch component 230 is used to control the coding voltage to output the first voltage.
  • the coding circuit 200 of the embodiment of the present application controls the coding electrode 240 to output a plurality of unequal voltages through the switch component 230, that is, converts the existing PWM square wave into a stepped waveform, slows down the voltage change, and reduces the pressure of the pen tip.
  • the instantaneous charging current of the capacitor reduces the power consumption of the coding electrode 240 .
  • the coding circuit 200 may further include a power supply component 210 and at least one energy storage capacitor 220 .
  • the switch component 230 may also be used to control the voltage of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 so that the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 reaches the energy storage voltage.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the connection between the power supply assembly 210, at least one energy storage capacitor 220 and the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs the first voltage and at least one second voltage and a third voltage, wherein at least one second voltage includes the sum of the energy storage voltages of i energy storage capacitors 220, i is a positive integer less than or equal to n, and i takes values in an increasing or decreasing order, and n is at least The number of one energy storage capacitor 220 and the sum of the energy storage voltages of at least one energy storage capacitor 220 are smaller than the first voltage.
  • the coding electrode 240 can output more output An unequal voltage, that is, converting the existing PWM square wave into a stepped waveform, slowing down the voltage change to reduce the instantaneous charging current of the pen tip capacitor, thereby reducing the power consumption of the coding electrode 240; and, the coding circuit
  • the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 provided in 200 can also recycle the electric charge of the pen tip capacitor, so as to further reduce the power consumption of coding.
  • the coding circuit 200 of the embodiment of the present application can be used for the active pen 100, wherein the coding electrode 230 of the coding circuit 200 can be the pen tip of the active pen 100, for example, the coding electrode 230 can be as shown in the figure
  • the main electrode 120 in the active pen 100 shown in 2 is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the first voltage and the third voltage in the embodiment of the present application are the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage output by the coding electrode 240, respectively. Therefore, the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage is the coding voltage of the active pen 100, That is, the difference between the first voltage and the third voltage can meet the coding requirement of the active pen 100 , so that the corresponding touch screen can obtain the coding signal of the active pen 100 . Therefore, according to the coding requirements of the active pen 100, the first voltage and the third voltage can be respectively set to different values.
  • the third voltage in this embodiment of the present application may be less than zero, while the first voltage is greater than 0.
  • the at least one second voltage may include voltages greater than, less than, and equal to zero.
  • the above coding period may include five times.
  • the coding period may be further divided into multiple time periods according to different voltages output during the coding period.
  • one coding cycle may include the following periods: in the first period, the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a first voltage, wherein , the first time may include the first period; in the second period after the first period, the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one first Four voltages, i takes values in descending order, at least one fourth voltage is greater than zero, and at least one second voltage includes at least one fourth voltage; in the third period after the second period, the switch component 230 is used to control the coding The electrode 240 is grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero, and at least one second voltage includes zero voltage; in the sixth period after the third period, the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 and the coding electrode.
  • the coding electrode 240 are connected in series, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs at least one fifth voltage, i takes values in an increasing order, at least one fifth voltage is less than zero, and at least one second voltage includes at least one fifth voltage, wherein the second time It can include a second period, a third period and a sixth period; in the seventh period after the sixth period, the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to connect with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a third voltage , the absolute value of the third voltage is greater than the sum of the energy storage voltages of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 , wherein the third time period may include the seventh time period.
  • the switch assembly 230 can control i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series, and the i energy storage capacitors 220 are connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 outputs at least one fourth voltage, i takes values in descending order, and the at least one second voltage includes at least one fourth voltage.
  • i can be taken from n to 1 in sequence, and the corresponding coding electrodes 240 can output n fourth voltages in sequence, and the n fourth voltages decrease in sequence according to the output time sequence.
  • the The voltage output by the code electrode 240 is the maximum value among the n fourth voltages, and when only one energy storage capacitor 220 is set, the voltage output by the code electrode 240 is the minimum value among the n fourth voltages, but each fourth voltage is the minimum value among the n fourth voltages. voltage is greater than zero.
  • the switch component 230 can control the i storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series, and the i storage capacitors 220 are connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output At least one fifth voltage, i takes values in an increasing order, and at least one second voltage includes at least one fifth voltage.
  • i can be taken from 1 to n in sequence, and the corresponding coding electrodes 240 can sequentially output n fifth voltages, and each fifth voltage is less than zero, and the n fifth voltages decrease in the order of output time, and also That is, the absolute values of the n fifth voltages increase sequentially according to the output time sequence, that is, when one energy storage capacitor 220 is set, the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 is the maximum value among the n fifth voltages, and the n energy storage capacitors are set. When the capacitor 220 is used, the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 is the minimum value among the n fifth voltages.
  • the above time period is a process in which the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 changes from the maximum value (ie the first voltage) to the minimum value (ie the third voltage) in the coding period.
  • the coding period may also include The process of changing from the minimum value (ie the third voltage) to the maximum value (ie the first voltage).
  • one coding cycle may further include: in an eighth period after the above-mentioned seventh period, the switch component 230 is configured to control i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one The fifth voltage, i takes values in descending order; in the ninth period after the eighth period, the switch component 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero; after the ninth period In the fourth period of time, the switch assembly 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one fourth voltage, i takes values in an increasing order, wherein the fourth time It can include an eighth period, a ninth period and a fourth period; in the fifth period after the fourth period, the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to connect with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding
  • the switch component 230 can control the i storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series, and the i storage capacitors 220 are connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one fifth voltage , i takes values in descending order.
  • i can be taken from n to 1 in sequence, and the corresponding coding electrodes 240 can output n fifth voltages in sequence, and each fifth voltage is less than zero, and the n fifth voltages are sequentially increased according to the output time sequence, that is, The absolute values of the n fifth voltages decrease sequentially according to the output time sequence, that is, when n energy storage capacitors 220 are set, the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 is the minimum value among the n fifth voltages output in the eighth period, When n energy storage capacitors 220 are provided, the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 is the maximum value among the n fifth voltages.
  • At least one fifth voltage can be output in both the sixth period and the eighth period, for example, n fifth voltages can be output, but the values of the n fifth voltages respectively output in the two periods can be equal, but the output order is different. different.
  • the n fifth voltages output in the sixth period decrease sequentially according to the time sequence of output, while the n fifth voltages output in the eighth period increase sequentially according to the time sequence of output; however, the n fifth voltages output in the sixth period
  • the fifth voltage may be identical in value to the n fifth voltages output in the eighth period.
  • the switch component 230 can control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series, and the i energy storage capacitors 220 are connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output At least one fourth voltage, i, takes values in an increasing order.
  • i can be taken from 1 to n in sequence, and the corresponding coding electrodes 240 can sequentially output n fourth voltages, and each fourth voltage is greater than zero, and the n fourth voltages are sequentially increased according to the output time sequence, that is, set
  • the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 is the minimum value among the n fourth voltages output in the fourth period, and when n energy storage capacitors 220 are set, the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is: The maximum value among the n fourth voltages.
  • At least one fourth voltage can be output in both the second period and the fourth period, for example, n fourth voltages can be output, but the values of the n fourth voltages respectively output in the two periods can be equal, but the output order is different. different. Specifically, the n fourth voltages output in the second period decrease sequentially according to the time sequence of output, and the n fourth voltages output in the fourth period increase sequentially according to the time sequence of output; however, the n fourth voltages output in the second period The fourth voltage and the n fourth voltages output in the fourth period may be identical in value.
  • the coding period in this embodiment of the present application may include some or all of the above nine time periods, the duration of each time period in the coding period may be set according to actual applications, and the coding period includes multiple When there are multiple time periods, the durations of the multiple time periods may be equal or unequal. For example, taking the coding cycle including the above nine periods as an example, the durations of the nine periods may be set to be completely equal; or, the durations of some of the nine periods may also be set equal, for example, the first The durations of the period and the fifth period are set equal, and the durations of the second period, the sixth period, the eighth period and the fourth period are set to be equal, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 6 shows an implementation of the coding circuit 200 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the coding circuit 200 includes only one energy storage capacitor 220 as an example, that is, when n is equal to 1, the one energy storage capacitor 220 Indicated as C1;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the states of each switch included in the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 6 , in FIG. 7 "1.00" indicates that the state of the corresponding switch is on, and "0.00" indicates the state of the corresponding switch
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 when using the coding circuit 200 shown in Fig. 6, wherein the horizontal axis of the coordinates shown in Fig. 8 represents time, and the vertical axis represents the output of the coding electrode 240 , and FIG. 7 also includes a schematic diagram of the voltage V0 output by the coding electrode 240 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the power supply component 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs the first voltage.
  • the first period may be from time t1 to time t2
  • the switch assembly 230 may include a first switch K1, one end of the first switch K1 and the first switch K1 included in the power supply assembly 210 The output end is connected, and the other end of the first switch K1 is connected to the coding electrode 240.
  • a pen tip capacitor C0 is formed between the coding electrode 240 and the touch screen.
  • the first switch K1 is turned on during the first period of time, so that the pen tip is
  • the capacitor C0 is connected to the first output terminal of the power supply component 210.
  • the voltage output by the first output terminal of the power supply component 210 is the first voltage, and the first voltage is +HV.
  • the +HV is equal to +20V as an example here.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is the first voltage +HV, or the voltage output by the coding electrode 230 is the first voltage +HV.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is +20V.
  • the switch component 230 may also be used to control the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 to be connected to the power supply component 210, so that the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 has an energy storage voltage. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
  • the switch assembly 230 in this embodiment of the present application may further include a fifth switch K5 and an eighth switch K8, one end of the eighth switch K8 and the third output end included in the power supply assembly 210 connected, the other end of the eighth switch K8 is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1, the voltage output by the third output end of the power supply component 210 is +Vmid; one end of the fifth switch K5 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth switch K5 One end is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor C1, and the fifth switch K5 and the eighth switch K8 can be turned on during the first period of the coding cycle, so that the third output end can provide energy storage for the energy storage capacitor C1 voltage, the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 is equal to the output voltage of the third output terminal +Vmid.
  • the energy storage voltage +Vmid of the energy storage capacitor C1 is greater than zero and less than the first voltage +HV.
  • the energy storage voltage +Vmid of the energy storage capacitor C1 may be equal to half of the first voltage +HV.
  • the energy storage capacitor The energy storage voltage +Vmid of C1 may be +10V, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control a storage capacitor 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a fourth voltage,
  • the one fourth voltage is greater than zero, and the at least one second voltage includes the one fourth voltage.
  • the second period is from time t 2 to time t 3
  • the corresponding switch assembly 230 may further include a fourth switch K4 , and one end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the switch K4 .
  • the code electrode 240 is connected to the pen tip capacitor C0, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1.
  • the first switch K1 and the eighth switch K8 are turned off, the fifth switch K5 is still turned on, and the fourth switch K4 is turned on, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is changed from the first voltage in the first period +HV is reduced to a fourth voltage, which is equal to the storage voltage +Vmid of the storage capacitor C1 .
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +20V to +10V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero, and at least one of the second voltages includes zero voltage.
  • the third time period may be from time t3 to time t4, and the switch assembly 230 may include a second switch K2, one end of the second switch K2 is grounded, and the other end of the second switch K2 It is connected to the coding electrode 240, that is, to the pen tip capacitor C0.
  • the second switch K2 is turned on in the third time period, and the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 that are turned on in the second time period are turned off, so that both ends of the pen tip capacitor C0 are grounded, and the voltage is determined by the first
  • the fourth voltage +Vmid drops to zero, that is, the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 drops to zero.
  • the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 drops from +10V to 0V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control a storage capacitor 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a fifth voltage
  • the one fifth voltage is less than zero, and the at least one second voltage includes the one fifth voltage.
  • the sixth period is from time t4 to time t5
  • the switch assembly 230 may further include a sixth switch K6 and a seventh switch K7, wherein one end of the sixth switch K6 is grounded , the other end of the sixth switch K6 is connected to the first end of the energy storage capacitor C1, one end of the seventh switch K7 is connected to the coding electrode 240, that is, is connected to the pen tip capacitor C0, and the other end of the seventh switch K7 is connected to the energy storage The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected.
  • the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are turned on, and the second switch K2, which is turned on in the third period, is turned off, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 drops from zero to the fifth voltage.
  • the fifth voltage is equal to -Vmid, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 is reduced from zero to the fifth voltage -Vmid.
  • the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 can be reduced from 0V to -10V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the connection between the power supply component 210 and the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a third voltage whose absolute value is greater than at least one The sum of the storage voltages of the storage capacitors 220 .
  • the seventh period is from time t 5 to time t 6
  • the switch assembly 230 may include a third switch K3 , and one end of the third switch K3 is connected to the second switch K3 included in the power supply assembly 210 . The output end is connected, and the other end of the third switch K3 is connected to the coding electrode 240, that is, to the pen tip capacitor C0.
  • the third switch K3 is turned on, and the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 that are turned on in the sixth period are turned off, so that the pen tip capacitor C0 is connected to the second output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 connected, the voltage output by the second output terminal of the power supply component 210 is a third voltage, the third voltage is less than zero and less than the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 continues to decrease from -Vmid to the third voltage, that is, the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is reduced to the third voltage.
  • the third voltage in this embodiment of the present application may be set according to practical applications, that is, the third voltage may be set to any value less than -Vmid.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the third voltage as -HV as an example, that is, the absolute value of the third voltage is equal to the absolute value of the first voltage.
  • the third voltage is Taking -20V as an example, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from -10V to -20V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control a storage capacitor 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a fifth voltage, which is The fifth voltage is equal to the fifth voltage output in the sixth period.
  • the eighth time period is from time t 6 to time t 7 , the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are turned on, and the third switch that is turned on in the seventh time period is turned on.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from -HV to a fifth voltage, which is equal to -Vmid, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 is increased from -HV to a fifth voltage -Vmid, for example, as shown in Fig. 8, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 can be increased from -20V to -10V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero.
  • the ninth time period is from time t7 to time t8, the second switch K2 is turned on, and the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch that are turned on in the eighth time period are turned on K7 is turned off, so that the voltage of the nib capacitor C0 increases from the fifth voltage to zero, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 increases from the fifth voltage -Vmid to zero.
  • the voltage of the nib capacitor C0 can be Increase from -10V to 0V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control a storage capacitor 220 to be connected to the coding electrode 240 in series, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a fourth voltage , the fourth voltage is equal to the fourth voltage output in the second period. Specifically, as shown in FIGS.
  • the fourth period is from time t8 to time t9
  • the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 are turned on
  • the second switch that is turned on in the ninth time period is turned on K2 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 increases from zero to a fourth voltage equal to +Vmid, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 increases from 0 to the fourth voltage +Vmid, for example, as shown in FIG. 8
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 can be increased from 0V to 10V.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to be connected with the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs the first voltage.
  • the fifth time period is from time t9 to time t10
  • the first switch K1 is turned on
  • the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch that are turned on in the fourth time period are turned on K5 is turned off
  • the first output terminal of the power component 210 outputs the first voltage
  • the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 increases from the fourth voltage to the first voltage
  • the voltage of the coding electrode 240 increases from the fourth voltage +Vmid to
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 may be increased from 10V to 20V.
  • the coding electrodes 240 of the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 6 can sequentially output the following voltages in each coding cycle in time sequence: +HV, +Vmid, 0, -Vmid, -HV, -Vmid , 0, +Vmid and +HV, that is, a stepped voltage can be output.
  • the voltage changes more slowly, so the instantaneous current of the tip capacitor C0 is lower, which reduces power consumption; and the energy storage capacitor also Part of the charge of the tip capacitor C0 can be recovered, so the overall power consumption is further reduced.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 are described by using one energy storage capacitor 220 as an example.
  • An energy storage capacitor 200 is taken as an example.
  • FIG. 9 shows another implementation manner of the coding circuit 200 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the coding circuit 200 includes three energy storage capacitors 220 as an example, that is, n is equal to 3, and the three The energy storage capacitors 220 are respectively denoted as C2, C3 and C4;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the state of each switch included in the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 9 , and “1.00” in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 when the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 9 is used, wherein the horizontal axis of the coordinates shown in FIG. 11 represents Time, the vertical axis represents the voltage V0 output by the coding electrode 240, and FIG. 10 also includes a schematic diagram of the voltage V0 output by the coding electrode 240 shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the power supply component 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs the first voltage.
  • the first period may be from time t 11 to time t 12
  • the switch assembly 230 may include a first switch K1 , and one end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first switch K1 included in the power supply assembly 210 . The output end is connected, and the other end of the first switch K1 is connected to the coding electrode 240.
  • a pen tip capacitor C0 is formed between the coding electrode 240 and the touch screen.
  • the first switch K1 is turned on during the first period of time, so that the pen tip is
  • the capacitor C0 is connected to the first output terminal of the power supply component 210, and the voltage output by the first output terminal of the power supply component 210 is the first voltage, and the first voltage is +HV, for example, the +HV is equal to +20V as an example here , the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is the first voltage +HV, or the voltage output by the coding electrode 230 is the first voltage +HV.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is +20V.
  • the switch component 230 may also be used to control the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 to be connected to the power supply component 210, so that the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 has an energy storage voltage. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
  • the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 is connected in series, and the switch assembly 230 in this embodiment of the present application may further include a fifth switch K5 and an eighth switch K8, and one end of the eighth switch K8 is connected to The third output end included in the power supply component 210 is connected, the other end of the eighth switch K8 is connected with the first end of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220, and the voltage output by the third output end of the power supply component 210 is +Vmid; the fifth switch One end of the K5 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth switch K5 is connected to the second end of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220.
  • the fifth switch K5 and the eighth switch K8 can be turned on during the first period of the coding cycle, so that the The third output terminal can provide a storage voltage for at least one storage capacitor 220, so that each storage capacitor 220 can obtain a corresponding storage voltage, wherein the output voltage +Vmid of the third output terminal is equal to the voltage of all storage capacitors 220.
  • the sum of the energy storage voltages, and the energy storage voltage of each energy storage capacitor 220 is related to the output voltage +Vmid of the third output terminal, and is also related to the capacitance of each energy storage capacitor 220 .
  • the first voltage in the embodiment of the present application is greater than the sum of the energy storage voltages of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 , that is, the first voltage is greater than the output voltage +Vmid of the third output terminal.
  • the capacitance of each energy storage capacitor 220 may be the same or different.
  • the capacitances of the plurality of storage capacitors 220 may be set to be the same. Specifically, as shown in FIGS.
  • the capacitances of the three energy storage capacitors C2 to C4 are taken as the same as an example, and correspondingly, the energy storage voltages of the three energy storage capacitors C2 to C4 are also the same;
  • the output voltage +Vmid of the three output terminals is equal to three-quarters of the first voltage +HV, that is, the output voltage +Vmid of the third output terminal is equal to 15V, then the storage capacity of each of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4
  • the energy voltage is a quarter of the first voltage +HV, that is, the energy storage voltage of each energy storage capacitor is 5V, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one fourth voltage, i according to decreasing
  • the value of i is 1 in sequence from n, at least one fourth voltage is greater than zero, and at least one second voltage includes at least one fourth voltage.
  • the second period is from time t 12 to time t 15
  • the corresponding switch component 230 may further include n fourth switches K4 , n fourth switches and n energy storage capacitors 220 are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, when n is equal to 3, the three fourth switches K41, K42 and K43 correspond to the three energy storage capacitors C2, C3 and C4 respectively, wherein one end of each fourth switch is connected to the coding electrode 240, That is, it is connected to the tip capacitor C0, and the other end of each fourth switch is connected to the first end of the corresponding storage capacitor C1.
  • the first switch K1 and the eighth switch K8 are turned off, the fifth switch K5 is still turned on, and the n fourth switches are turned on in sequence to output different voltages, that is, the second period can be divided into In the n stages, a total of n fourth voltages are output.
  • n is equal to 3
  • the first fourth switch K41 is turned on, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from the first voltage +HV in the first period to the first A fourth voltage
  • the first fourth voltage is equal to the sum of the storage voltages of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4 +Vmid, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +20V to +15V .
  • the second fourth switch K42 is turned on and the first fourth switch K41 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +Vmid to the second fourth voltage,
  • the second fourth voltage is equal to the sum of the storage voltages of the two storage capacitors C3 to C4. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +15V to +10V.
  • the third fourth switch K43 is turned on and the second fourth switch K42 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from the second fourth voltage to the third
  • the fourth voltage is equal to the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C4 corresponding to the third fourth switch K43.
  • the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +10V to +5V. That is, during the second period, a total of three fourth voltages are output, which are +15V, +10V, and +5V in sequence according to the output time.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero, and at least one of the second voltages includes zero voltage.
  • the third period may be from time t 15 to time t 16
  • the switch assembly 230 may include a second switch K2 , one end of the second switch K2 is grounded, and the other end of the second switch K2 It is connected to the coding electrode 240, that is, to the pen tip capacitor C0.
  • the second switch K2 is turned on in the third period, and the n fourth switches K41 to K43 and the fifth switch K5 that are turned on in the second period are all turned off, so that both ends of the tip capacitor C0 When grounded, the voltage drops to zero from the last third and fourth voltage output, that is, the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 drops to zero. For example, as shown in FIG. 11 , the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 drops from +5V to 0V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least a fifth voltage, i is incremented according to , i.e., i is sequentially taken from 1 to n, at least one fifth voltage is smaller than zero, and at least one second voltage includes at least one fifth voltage.
  • i incremented according to , i.e., i is sequentially taken from 1 to n
  • at least one fifth voltage is smaller than zero
  • at least one second voltage includes at least one fifth voltage.
  • the sixth period is from time t 16 to time t 19
  • the switch assembly 230 may further include a sixth switch K6 and n seventh switches K7 , wherein n seventh switches One-to-one correspondence with the n energy storage capacitors 220, that is, when n is equal to 3, the three seventh switches K42, K43 and K71 correspond to the three energy storage capacitors C2, C3 and C4, respectively, and one end of each seventh switch is marked with the code.
  • the electrodes 240 are connected, and the other end of each seventh switch is connected to the second end of the corresponding energy storage capacitor 220; one end of the sixth switch is grounded, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the first end of the n energy storage capacitors 220 .
  • the n seventh switches and the n fourth switches in this embodiment of the present application may include the same switches, and the complexity of the circuit has been simplified, or, the n seventh switches and the n fourth switches may also be combined.
  • the n fourth switches are set as completely different switches, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the sixth switch K6 is turned on, and the second switch K2 that is turned on in the third period is turned off, and the n seventh switches K7 are turned on sequentially in time sequence, so that the tip capacitor C0 outputs n That is, the sixth period can be divided into n stages, and n fifth voltages are output in total.
  • n is equal to 3
  • the first seventh switch K42 is turned on, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is reduced from 0 in the third period to the first fifth voltage
  • the first fifth voltage is equal to the negative value of the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 , for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is reduced from +0V to -5V. From time t17 to time t18, the second seventh switch K43 is turned on and the first seventh switch K42 is turned off, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 continues to drop to the second fifth voltage.
  • the two fifth voltages are equal to the negative value of the sum of the storage voltages of the two storage capacitors C2 to C3. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from -5V to -10V.
  • the third seventh switch K71 is turned on and the second seventh switch K43 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from the second fifth voltage to the third
  • the fifth voltage, the third fifth voltage is equal to the negative value of the sum of the storage voltages of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4, for example, as shown in Figure 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from -10V to -15V . That is, in the sixth period, a total of three fifth voltages are output, which are -5V, -10V, and -15V in sequence according to the output time.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs a third voltage whose absolute value is greater than at least The sum of the storage voltages of one storage capacitor 220 .
  • the seventh period is from time t 19 to time t 20
  • the switch assembly 230 may include a third switch K3 , and one end of the third switch K3 is connected to the second switch K3 included in the power supply assembly 210 . The output end is connected, and the other end of the third switch K3 is connected to the coding electrode 240 , that is, the pen tip capacitor C is connected.
  • the third switch K3 is turned on, and the sixth switch K6 and the n seventh switches that are turned on in the sixth period are all turned off, so that the pen tip capacitor C0 is connected to the second switch of the power supply assembly 210 .
  • the output terminal is connected, and the voltage output by the second output terminal of the power supply component 210 is a third voltage, which is less than zero and less than the negative value of the sum of the storage voltages of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4, so that The voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 continues to decrease to the third voltage, that is, the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 decreases to the third voltage.
  • the third voltage in this embodiment of the present application may be set according to practical applications, that is, the third voltage may be set to any value less than -Vmid.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the third voltage as -HV as an example, that is, the absolute value of the third voltage is equal to the absolute value of the first voltage.
  • the third voltage is Taking -20V as an example, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced from -15V to -20V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least a fifth voltage, where i decreases according to , i.e., i is sequentially taken from n to 1, wherein the value of the at least one fifth voltage is the same as that of the at least one fifth voltage output in the sixth period, but the output order is different.
  • i decreases according to , i.e., i is sequentially taken from n to 1
  • the value of the at least one fifth voltage is the same as that of the at least one fifth voltage output in the sixth period, but the output order is different.
  • the eighth time period is from time t 20 to time t 23 , the sixth switch K6 is turned on, and the third switch K3 that is turned on in the seventh time period is turned off, and The n seventh switches K7 are turned on in sequence, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is gradually increased from -HV, and n fifth voltages are output in total, that is, the eighth period can be divided into n stages, and n fifth voltages are output in total Voltage.
  • the first seventh switch K71 is turned on, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 increases from the third voltage to the first fifth voltage.
  • a fifth voltage is equal to the negative value of the sum of the storage voltages of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from -20V to -15V.
  • the second seventh switch K43 is turned on and the first seventh switch K71 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 continues to increase to the second fifth voltage, which
  • the two fifth voltages are equal to the negative value of the sum of the storage voltages of the two storage capacitors C2 to C3. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from -15V to -10V.
  • the third seventh switch K42 is turned on and the second seventh switch K43 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from the second fifth voltage to the third
  • the fifth voltage, the third fifth voltage is equal to the negative value of the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C2 corresponding to the third seventh switch K42, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is -10V Increase to -5V. That is, in the eighth period, a total of three fifth voltages are output, which are -15V, -10V, and -5V in sequence according to the output time.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero.
  • the ninth time period is from time t 23 to time t 24
  • the second switch K2 is turned on
  • the sixth switch K6 and the nth switch K6 that are turned on in the eighth time period are turned on.
  • the seven switches K7 are turned off, so that the voltage of the nib capacitor C0 continues to increase to zero, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 increases from the third and fifth voltage to zero.
  • the voltage of the nib capacitor C0 can be Increase from -5V to 0V.
  • the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one fourth voltage, i is incremented according to , that is, i is sequentially taken from 1 to n, wherein the value of the at least one fourth voltage is the same as that of the at least one fourth voltage output in the second period, but the output order is different. Specifically, as shown in FIGS.
  • the fourth time period is from time t 24 to time t 27 , the fifth switch K4 is turned on, and the second switch K2 that is turned on in the ninth time period is turned off, and The n fourth switches are turned on in sequence, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 gradually increases from zero, and a total of n fourth voltages are output, that is, the fourth period can be divided into n stages, and a total of n fourth voltages are output.
  • the first fourth switch K43 when n is equal to 3, from time t 24 to time t 25 , the first fourth switch K43 is turned on, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 increases from zero to the first fourth voltage, the first The fourth voltage is equal to the energy storage voltage of the energy storage capacitor C4. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 is increased from 0V to 5V. From time t25 to time t26 , the second fourth switch K42 is turned on and the first fourth switch K43 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 continues to increase to the second fourth voltage, which The two fourth voltages are equal to the sum of the storage voltages of the two storage capacitors C3 to C4. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from 5V to 10V. From time t26 to time t27 , the third fourth switch K41 is turned on and the second fourth switch K42 is turned off, so that the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 increases from the second fourth voltage to the third
  • the fourth voltage is equal to the sum of the storage voltages of the three storage capacitors C2 to C4. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 is increased from 10V to 15V. That is, in the fourth period, a total of three fourth voltages are output, which are 5V, 10V, and 15V in sequence according to the output time.
  • the switch assembly 230 is used to control the power supply assembly 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so that the coding electrode 240 outputs the first voltage.
  • the fifth time period is from time t 27 to time t 28
  • the first switch K1 is turned on
  • the five switch K5 is turned off, and the first output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 outputs the first voltage, so that the voltage of the pen tip capacitor C0 increases from the third and fourth voltage to the first voltage, that is, the voltage of the coding electrode 240 is increased from +Vmid Increasing to the first voltage +HV, for example, as shown in FIG. 11 , the voltage of the tip capacitor C0 can be increased from 15V to 20V.
  • each switch is a voltage-controlled switch as an example, or other types of switches may also be used.
  • the switch in the form of, for example, an N-type or P-type MOSFET may be used, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the coding electrodes 240 of the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 9 can sequentially output the following voltages in each coding cycle in chronological order: +HV, +3/4HV, +1/2HV, +1/ 4HV, 0, -1/4HV, -1/2HV, -3/4HV, -HV, -3/4HV, -1/2HV, -1/4HV, 0, +1/4HV, +1/2HV, + 3/4HV and +HV, that is, a stepped voltage can be output.
  • the voltage of the coding circuit 200 in FIG. 9 changes more slowly, so the pen tip capacitor The instantaneous current of C0 is lower, which reduces power consumption; and the energy storage capacitor can also recover part of the charge of the tip capacitor C0, so the overall power consumption is further reduced.
  • the power consumption P of the tip capacitor C0 can be expressed as:
  • C represents the capacitance of the pen tip capacitor C0;
  • V is the coding voltage, for example, as shown in Figure 4, the coding voltage is 40V;
  • f is the coding frequency. If the coding circuit shown in Figure 6 is used, the power consumption P of the tip capacitor C0 can be expressed as:
  • V is the voltage difference between the first voltage and the third voltage.
  • V is still 40V. Therefore, the power consumption of using the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 6 is 25% of that of using the coding circuit shown in FIG. 3 , which greatly reduces the power consumption.
  • the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 9 is used, its power consumption is 12.5% of the power consumption of the coding circuit shown in FIG. 3 , which greatly reduces the power consumption.
  • the coding circuit 200 is more complicated.
  • the third output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 can also be eliminated, that is, the supply of the storage voltage to the at least one storage capacitor 220 by the third output terminal is eliminated.
  • FIG. 12 shows another schematic diagram of the coding circuit 200 , and the difference between FIG. 12 and FIG. 6 is only that the third output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 is eliminated. Since there is no third output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 to initialize the voltage of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220, the energy storage voltage of the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 can only be gradually increased by recycling the charge of the pen tip capacitor C0 for many times. For example, compared with the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 6 or FIG.
  • the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 12 has the advantage that the circuit is simpler, and the disadvantage is that the output of the coding circuit 200 is
  • the trapezoidal wave needs a certain stabilization time, that is, after the stabilization time, it can enter the coding cycle that can output the coding voltage stably.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the storage voltage obtained by the storage capacitor 220 in the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the pen tip capacitor is initially supplied to the power supply assembly 210 When C0 is charged, if the output voltage of the power supply component 210 is Vcc, the charge amount Q tip of the tip capacitor C0 can be expressed as:
  • C tip represents the capacitance of the tip capacitor C0.
  • the energy storage voltage V cp of the energy storage capacitor 220 is:
  • C p is the capacitance of the storage capacitor 220 .
  • the amount of charge Q cp on the energy storage capacitor 220 can be expressed as:
  • the tip capacitor C0 is charged through the energy storage capacitor 220, and the voltage Q cp-tip when the balance is reached is:
  • the remaining charge Q cp-1 of the energy storage capacitor 220 after the first discharge of energy can be expressed as:
  • the stable energy storage voltage may be equal to each energy storage voltage with the third output terminal of the power supply assembly 210 as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 .
  • the energy storage voltage of the capacitor 220 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude relationship between the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor 220 and the capacitance of the pen tip capacitor C0, so that the energy storage capacitor 220 can obtain a stable energy storage voltage more quickly.
  • FIG. 14 shows the number of charging times required for the energy storage capacitor 220 to obtain a stable energy storage voltage when the ratio between the capacitance C p of the energy storage capacitor 220 and the capacitance C tip of the pen tip capacitor C0 is different.
  • FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor 220 and the energy saving effect.
  • the capacitance C p of the energy storage capacitor 220 can be set larger to make the power consumption better without considering the stabilization time of the energy storage capacitor 220 .
  • the power supply assembly 210 is not used to provide the energy storage voltage for the energy storage capacitor 220, for example, the coding circuit as shown in FIG. 12 is used, combined with FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, considering that the larger the capacitance C p of the energy storage capacitor 220 is, The effect of reducing power consumption is better, but the time to obtain a stable energy storage voltage is too long, so a compromise is required.
  • the capacitance C p of the energy storage capacitor 220 can be set to 20 to 50 times of the tip capacitor C tip , The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the active pen 100 in this embodiment of the present application may be powered by a dry battery or a lithium battery or by other means.
  • the dry battery or lithium battery supplies power to the motherboard through a buck-boost direct current/direct current (DC/DC) module; and the coding circuit 200 is powered through a power supply assembly 210 .
  • the power supply assembly 210 may include a boost (Boost) DC/DC module and a charge pump, thereby outputting the first voltage through the first output terminal and outputting the third voltage through the second output terminal.
  • Boost boost
  • the absolute values of the first voltage and the third voltage are equal.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a power supply assembly 210 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply assembly 210 may include a boost module 210 and a charge pump 220 .
  • the charge pump 220 may specifically include: a first capacitor Ca, a second capacitor Cb, a ninth switch K9 and a tenth switch K10.
  • one end of the first capacitor Ca is connected to the first output end of the power supply assembly 210 , the other end of the first capacitor Ca is connected to one end of the ninth switch K9 and is connected to one end of the tenth switch K10 connected, the other end of the ninth switch K9 is grounded, the other end of the tenth switch K10 is connected to one end of the second capacitor Cb, and one end of the second capacitor Cb is the second output end of the power supply component 210, and the other end of the second capacitor Cb One end is grounded.
  • the first output end of the power supply assembly 210 may be the output end of the Boost module 210, and the dry battery or lithium battery that supplies power to the active pen 100 may input the voltage Vin to the Boost module 210, so that the output of the Boost module 210
  • the terminal can output the first voltage +HV or zero.
  • the boost module 210 may output the first voltage +HV to the charge pump 220 during the first period, and may also output the first voltage +HV to the coding circuit 200 .
  • the power supply assembly 210 may further include an eleventh switch K11 and a third capacitor Cc, one end of the eleventh switch K11 is connected to the third capacitor Cc, and the other end of the eleventh switch K11 is connected to the boost module 210 If the output terminal of the boost module 210 is connected to the output terminal of the Boost module 210, the output terminal of the boost module 210 outputs the first voltage +HV and is input to the coding circuit 200 through the eleventh switch.
  • the ninth switch K9 is turned on, the tenth switch K10 is turned off, and the first capacitor Ca is turned off.
  • the voltage is the first voltage +HV, and the voltage of the second capacitor Cb is zero, then the output voltage V1 of the first output terminal of the power component 210 is equal to the first voltage +HV; on the contrary, when the output terminal of the boost module 210 outputs
  • the ninth switch K9 is turned off, the tenth switch K10 is turned on, the voltage of the first capacitor Ca is -HV, and the second capacitor Cb
  • the voltage of is also -HV, at this time, the output voltage V1 of the second output terminal of the power component 210 is equal to the third voltage -HV.
  • the power supply assembly 210 shown in FIG. 16 can be used to output the first voltage +HV and the third voltage -HV.
  • the circuit has a simple structure and high efficiency. By connecting two switches and two capacitors The conversion from +HV to -HV can be realized. The advantage of this is that the absolute value of the voltage of -HV can change synchronously with +HV.
  • the ninth switch K9 to the eleventh switch K11 in FIG. 16 is taken as an example of a diode, and other forms of switches may also be used.
  • a MOSFET may be used instead of the diode in the figure.
  • the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the third voltage in this embodiment of the present application may also be equal to zero.
  • the second output terminal of the power supply component 210 in the coding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 11 can be canceled, and the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 in the coding cycle can be cancelled. period so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is greater than or equal to zero, excluding voltages less than zero.
  • one coding cycle may include the following periods: in the first period, the switch assembly 230 is used to control the connection between the power supply assembly 210 and the coding electrode 240, so that the The code electrode 240 outputs the first voltage, wherein the first time may include the first period; in the second period after the first period, the switch component 230 is used to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the code electrode 240, so as to Make the coding electrode 240 output at least one second voltage, i takes values in descending order, and at least one second voltage is greater than zero, wherein the second time may include the second period; the third period after the second period , the switch component 230 is used to control the coding electrode 240 to be grounded, so that the output voltage of the coding electrode 240 is zero, wherein the third time may include the third period.
  • the above period is a process in which the voltage output by the coding electrode 240 changes from the maximum value (ie the first voltage) to the minimum value (ie the third voltage 0V) in the coding period.
  • the coding period can also be It includes the process of changing from the minimum value (ie the third voltage 0V) to the maximum value (ie the first voltage).
  • one coding cycle may further include: in a fourth period after the third period, the switch component 230 is configured to control the i energy storage capacitors 220 to be connected in series with the coding electrodes 240, so that the coding electrodes 240 output at least one first
  • the second voltage, i takes values in an increasing order, wherein the fourth time may include the fourth period; in the fifth period after the fourth period, the switch component 230 is used to control the power supply component 210 to be connected to the coding electrode 240, so as to The coding electrode 240 is caused to output the first voltage, wherein the fifth time may include the fifth period.
  • the first to fifth time periods in the coding cycle correspond to the first to fifth time periods in the coding cycle when the third voltage is less than zero, respectively. Repeat.
  • the coding circuit 200 can also output a stepped voltage.
  • the coding electrodes 240 can sequentially output the following voltages: + HV, +Vmid, 0+Vmid and +HV, compared with the traditional square wave voltage, this stepped voltage has a slower voltage change, and the instantaneous current of the tip capacitor C0 is reduced, which can reduce 50% of the power of the traditional square wave voltage. consumption.
  • the coding electrode 240 can output more output An unequal voltage, that is, converting the existing PWM square wave into a stepped waveform, slowing down the voltage change to reduce the instantaneous charging current of the pen tip capacitor, thereby reducing the power consumption of the coding electrode 240; and, the coding circuit
  • the at least one energy storage capacitor 220 provided in 200 can also recycle the electric charge of the pen tip capacitor, so as to further reduce the power consumption of coding.
  • the power supply assembly 210 in this embodiment of the present application can be used to provide a first voltage greater than zero and a third voltage less than zero.
  • the power management unit Power Management Unit, PMU
  • the power supply assembly 210 shown in FIG. 16 may be included to provide the first voltage +HV and the third voltage -HV with equal absolute values, while effectively improving the overall efficiency of the power management unit, thereby further reducing power consumption.

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Abstract

一种打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备，该打码电路用于主动笔，该打码电路（200）包括：电源组件（210）、至少一个储能电容器（220）、开关组件（230）和打码电极（240）。在打码周期内：该开关组件（230）用于控制该电源组件（210）、该至少一个储能电容器（220）和该打码电极（240）之间的连接，以使该打码电极（240）输出第一电压、至少一个第二电压和第三电压，该第一电压和该第三电压分别为该打码电极（240）输出的最大电压和最小电压，该第一电压和该第三电压的差为该主动笔的打码电压，该至少一个储能电容器（220）的储能电压的和小于该第一电压。所述打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备，能够减少主动笔的笔尖电极的功耗。

Description

打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及触控技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备。
背景技术
市面上的主动笔一般采用高压方波打码方案，由于方波的边沿位置电压变化较快，且打码频率较高，例如，打码频率一般为50Khz～500Khz，这样，在高压打码时，在笔尖电极的等效电容处消耗的功耗会很大。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备，能够减少主动笔的笔尖电极的功耗。
第一方面，提供一种打码电路，所述打码电路用于主动笔，所述打码电路包括：电源组件、至少一个储能电容器、开关组件和打码电极，所述开关组件用于控制所述至少一个储能电容器的电压与所述电源组件连接，使得所述至少一个储能电容器达到储能电压。在打码周期内：所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件、所述至少一个储能电容器和所述打码电极之间的连接，以使所述打码电极输出第一电压、至少一个第二电压和第三电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压分别为所述打码电极输出的最大电压和最小电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压的差为所述主动笔的打码电压，所述至少一个第二电压包括i个储能电容器的储能电压的和，i为小于或者等于n的正整数且i按照递增或者递减的顺序依次取值，n为所述至少一个储能电容器的数量，所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和小于所述第一电压。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过在打码电路中设置至少一个储能电容器，并由开关组件控制该至少一个储能电容器和打码电极的连接，可以使得打码电极输出多个不相等的电压，即将现有的脉冲宽度调制(Pulse width modulation，PWM)方波转换为阶梯型的波形，减缓电压变化，以降低笔尖电容器的瞬间充电电流，从而降低了打码电极的功耗；并且，该打码电路中设置的至少一个储能电容器还可以回收笔尖电容器的电荷，以进一步降低打 码功耗。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压等于零，在所述打码周期内：在第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压，在所述第一时段之后的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第二电压均大于零；在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压等于零，在所述打码周期内：在所述第三时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；在所述第四时段之后的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压小于零，在所述打码周期内：在第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压；在所述第一时段之后的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第四电压均大于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第四电压；在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述至少一个第二电压包括零电压；在所述第三时段之后的第六时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述至少一个第五电压均小于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第五电压；在所述第六时段之后的第七时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第三电压，所述第三电压的绝对值大于所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压小于零，在所述打码周期内：在所述第七时段之后的第八时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第五电压，i 按照递减的顺序取值；在所述第八时段之后的第九时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零；在所述第九时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；在所述第四时段之后的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压的绝对值与所述第一电压的绝对值相等。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件包括第一开关，所述第一开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第一输出端连接，所述第一开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第一开关在所述打码周期内的第一时段和第五时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第一时段和所述第五时段以外的时段断开，所述第一输出端用于输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件包括第二开关，所述第二开关的一端接地，所述第二开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第二开关在所述打码周期内的第三时段和第九时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第三时段和所述第九时段以外的时段断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件包括第三开关，所述第三开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第二输出端连接，所述第三开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第三开关在所述打码周期的所述第七时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第七时段以外的时段断开，所述第二输出端用于输出所述第三电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件包括n个第四开关和第五开关，所述n个第四开关与n个储能电容器一一对应，所述n个第四开关中每个第四开关的一端与所述打码电极连接，所述每个第四开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器的第一端连接，所述第五开关的一端接地，所述第五开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第二端连接，其中，所述n个第四开关在所述打码周期的第二时段和第四时段按顺序导通，以控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极连接，所述n个第四开关在所述打码周期的除所述第二时段和所述第四时段以外的时段断开，所述第五开关用于在所述打码周期的第二时段和第四时段导通，且在所述打码周期的除所述第二时段和所述第四时段以 外的时段断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件包括第六开关和n个第七开关，所述第六开关的一端接地，所述第六开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第一端连接，所述n个第七开关与n个储能电容器一一对应，所述n个第七开关中每个第七开关的一端与所述打码电极连接，所述每个第七开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器的第二端连接，其中，所述第六开关用于在所述打码周期的第六时段和第八时段导通，且在所述打码周期的除所述第六时段和所述第八时段以外的时段断开，所述n个第七开关在所述打码周期的第六时段和第八时段按顺序导通，以控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极连接，所述n个第七开关在所述打码周期的除所述第六时段和所述第八时段以外的时段断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开关组件还包括第八开关，所述第八开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第三输出端连接，所述第八开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第一端连接，所述第八开关在所述打码周期的所述第一时段和第五时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第一时段和所述第五时段以外的时段断开，所述第三输出端用于为所述至少一个储能电容器提供储能电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述至少一个储能电容器为多个储能电容器，所述多个储能电容器的电容相等。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述至少一个储能电容器中每个储能电容器的电容为预设电容的20倍至100倍，所述预设电容为所述打码电极与触摸屏之间的等效电容器的电容。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述电源组件包括第一电容器、第二电容器、第九开关和第十开关，所述第一电容器的一端和所述电源组件的第一输出端连接，所述第一电容器的另一端和所述第九开关的一端连接、且和所述第十开关的一端连接，所述第九开关的另一端接地，所述第十开关的另一端和所述第二电容器的一端连接、且所述第二电容器的一端为所述电源组件的第二输出端，所述第二电容器的另一端接地，在所述打码周期的第一时段和第五时段，所述第一输出端用于输出所述第一电压，所述第九开关导通，所述第十开关断开，在所述打码周期的第七时段，所述第一输出端输出电压为零，所述第九开关断开，所述第十开关导通，以使所述第二输出端输出所述第三 电压，所述第三电压小于零。
第二方面，提供一种打码电路，所述打码电路用于主动笔，所述打码电路包括开关组件和打码电极，所述打码电极包括所述主动笔的笔尖，在打码周期内：第一时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极输出第一电压；在所述第一时间之后的第二时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极输出至少一个第二电压，所述至少一个第二电压均小于所述第一电压；在所述第二时间之后的第三时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极输出第三电压，所述第三电压小于所述至少一个第二电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压的差为所述主动笔的打码电压；在所述第三时间之后的第四时间，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电压输出所述至少一个第二电压；在所述第四时间之后的第五时间，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电压输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述打码电路包括：至少一个储能电容器，所述至少一个第二电压包括i个储能电容器的储能电压的和，i为小于或者等于n的正整数且i按照递增或者递减的顺序依次取值，n为所述至少一个储能电容器的数量，所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和小于所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压等于零，所述打码电路还包括电源组件和开关组件，在所述打码周期内：在所述第一时间包括的第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压，在所述第二时间包括的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第二电压均大于零；在所述第三时间包括的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述打码周期内：在所述第四时间包括的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；在所述第五时间包括的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压小于零，所述打码电路还包括电源组件和开关组件，在所述打码周期内：在所述第一时间包括的第一时段， 所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压；在所述第二时间包括的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第四电压均大于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第四电压；在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述至少一个第二电压包括零电压，所述第二时间包括所述第三时段；在所述第三时段之后的第六时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述至少一个第五电压均小于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第五电压，所述第二时间包括所述第六时段；在所述第三时间包括的第七时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第三电压，所述第三电压的绝对值大于所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在所述打码周期内：在所述第四时间包括的第八时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值；在所述第八时段之后的第九时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述第四时间包括所述第九时段；在所述第九时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述第四时间包括所述第四时段；在所述第五时间包括的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三电压的绝对值与所述第一电压的绝对值相等。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述至少一个储能电容器为多个储能电容器，所述多个储能电容器的电容相等。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述至少一个储能电容器中每个储能电容器的电容为预设电容的20倍至100倍，所述预设电容为所述打码电极与触摸屏之间的等效电容器的电容。
第三方面，提供一种主动笔，包括：第一方面、第二方面或者第一方面至第二方面中任一种可能的实施方式中的打码电路。
第四方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：触摸屏；以及第三方面中的主动笔。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的电子设备和主动笔配合工作的示意图。
图2是根据本申请实施例的主动笔的示意图。
图3是一种打码电路的示意图。
图4是图3中打码电路的输出电压的示意图。
图5是根据本申请实施例的打码电路的示意性框图。
图6是根据本申请实施例的一种打码电路的示意图。
图7是图6中打码电路中各个开关的状态的示意性图。
图8是图6中打码电路的打码电极输出电压的示意图。
图9是根据本申请实施例的另一种打码电路的示意图。
图10是图9中打码电路中各个开关的状态的示意性图。
图11是图9中打码电路的打码电极输出电压的示意图。
图12是根据本申请实施例的再一种打码电路的示意图。
图13是图12的打码电路中储能电容器获得储能电压的示意图。
图14是根据本申请实施例的储能电容器的电容与其获得稳定的储能电压时所需的充电次数之间的关系的示意图。
图15是根据本申请实施例的储能电容器的电容与节能效果之间的关系的示意图。
图16是根据本申请实施例的一种电源组件的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
图1是主动笔100的坐标位置检测的原理图。电容式主动笔的检测系统主要包括主动笔100和触摸屏。本申请实施例的主动笔100可以用于具有触摸屏的电子设备，例如，该电子设备可以为笔记本、平板或者智能手机等。带主动笔功能的电子设备在识别到主动笔100靠近后会主动告知主动笔100， 主动笔100可以通过主动打码，以使电子设备确定该主动笔100的坐标，从而实现了书写功能；另外，主动笔100还可以带压力检测功能，主动笔100可以同步传输压力数据至电子设备，从而还可以实现不同粗线的笔迹。
如图1所示，电子设备的触摸屏上分布着一定数量的竖直方向和水平方向的检测电极，例如可以是互容式触摸屏的驱动电极和感应电极，分别连接驱动电路和感应电路。主动笔100可以通过位于笔尖处的电极向外发射打码信号，该打码信号可以为激励信号，该打码信号被触摸屏检测后，可以用于计算主动笔100在触摸屏上的坐标，例如，当笔尖输出的打码信号作用在屏幕的某一位置时，该位置对应的横向电极和纵向电极都会产生相应的检测信号，触摸屏可以通过触摸控制器，根据该检测信号，计算主动笔100在屏幕上的二维位置坐标。另外，笔尖的电极还可以连接有一个压力传感器。该压力传感器用于检测主动笔100对触摸屏产生的压力，从而可以使主动笔100感测用户书写力度的变化，并使触摸屏根据书写力度的变化来改变笔迹的粗细，达到优异的用户效果体验。
图2是主动笔100的剖面示意图。如图2所示，主动笔100包括主板110、主电极120、倾斜电极130、笔尖外壳150和笔身外壳140。其中，主电极120的头部可以为该主动笔100的笔尖，以用于在电子设备的触摸屏表面书写，而该主电极120的其余部分可以被笔尖外壳150和笔身外壳140中的至少一部分包裹，其中，该笔尖外壳150和笔身外壳140可以采用绝缘材料，例如硅胶或者塑料；主板110通常位于主动笔100内部，被笔身外壳140包裹；倾斜电极130通常位于笔尖外壳150处，例如，可以作为该笔尖外壳150的一部分。主电极120和倾斜电极130组合在一起，可以用来检测主动笔的姿态。例如，主板110可以控制主电极120向外发射驱动信号，从而基于图1所示的原理计算主动笔100的笔尖位置坐标；主板110还可以控制倾斜电极130向外发射驱动信号，尤其在主动笔100的笔身倾斜时，倾斜电极130发射的驱动信号可以用于计算主动笔100的倾斜角度。触摸屏200可以根据该倾斜角度，向用户呈现与倾斜程度相匹配的笔迹形态，从而提升用户体验。
应理解，主动笔100一般采用高压方波打码方案。图3示出了采用方波打码方案的电路原理图。如图3所示，该电路包括两个开关Ka和Kb，这里以该两个开关Ka和Kb为压控开关为例，可选地，该两个开关还可以为金属-氧化层半导体场效晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect  Transistor，MOSFET)，并且为了简化说明，MOSFET的驱动电路已省略。另外，该电路中的电容器C0表示主动笔100的打码电极与触摸屏之间的等效电容器，为了便于描述，本申请实施例中称之为笔尖电容器C0，其中，该打码电极可以为如图2所示的主电极120，主动笔100的打码电极输出的电压的最大和最小峰值之差则为该主动笔100的打码电压。
图4示出了主动笔100输出的打码电压的示意图，如图3和图4所示，通过交替导通两个开关Ka和Kb，在打码周期内，主动笔100的打码电极输出的电压的波形为传统的PWM方波，图4中以主动笔100的打码电极输出的电压等于40V和0V为例，即该主动笔100的打码电压等于40V-0V＝40V。
这种PWM方波的边沿位置处，电压在40V和0V之间变化的速度较快，导致笔尖电容器C0的瞬间充电电流较大，并且，由于打码频率较高，例如，打码频率一般为50Khz～500Khz，因此，在这种高压打码过程中时，在笔尖电容器C0处消耗的功耗会很大；另外，由于笔尖电容器C0的电压在由40V变化至0V的阶段，没有电荷回收，导致笔尖电容器C0内存储的电荷完全被浪费掉，从而进一步增加了整体的功耗。
因此，本申请实施例提供了一种打码电路，可以解决上述问题。
图5示出了本申请实施例的打码电路200的示意性框图，该打码电路200可以应用于主动笔100，如图5所示，该打码电路200可以包括：开关组件230和打码电极240，其中，该开关组件230可以用于控制打码电极240的输出电压。具体地，在打码周期内，该开关组件230可以控制该打码电极240输出第一电压、至少一个第二电压和第三电压，第一电压和第三电压分别为打码电极240输出的最大电压和最小电压，第一电压和第三电压的差为主动笔100的打码电压。
可选地，根据打码电极240输出的电压的不同，打码周期可以包括多个不同的时间段。例如，该打码周期可以包括：第一时间内，该开关组件230用于控制该打码电极240输出第一电压；在该第一时间之后的第二时间内，该开关组件230用于控制该打码电极240输出至少一个第二电压，该至少一个第二电压均小于该第一电压；在该第二时间之后的第三时间内，该开关组件230用于控制该打码电极240输出第三电压，该第三电压小于该至少一个第二电压；在该第三时间之后的第四时间，该开关组件230用于控制该打码电压输出该至少一个第二电压；在该第四时间之后的第五时间，该开关组件 230用于控制该打码电压输出该第一电压。
因此，本申请实施例的打码电路200，通过开关组件230控制打码电极240输出多个不相等的电压，即将现有的PWM方波转换为阶梯型的波形，减缓电压变化，以降低笔尖电容器的瞬间充电电流，从而降低了打码电极240的功耗。
可选地，如图5所示，该打码电路200还可以包括电源组件210和至少一个储能电容器220。具体地，开关组件230还可以用于控制至少一个储能电容器220的电压，使得至少一个储能电容器220达到储能电压。另外，在打码周期内：开关组件230用于控制电源组件210、至少一个储能电容器220和打码电极240之间的连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压、至少一个第二电压和第三电压，其中，至少一个第二电压包括i个储能电容器220的储能电压的和，i为小于或者等于n的正整数且i按照递增或者递减的顺序依次取值，n为至少一个储能电容器220的数量，至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压的和小于第一电压。
因此，本申请实施例的打码电路200，通过设置至少一个储能电容器220，并由开关组件230控制该至少一个储能电容器220和打码电极240的连接，可以使得打码电极240输出多个不相等的电压，即将现有的PWM方波转换为阶梯型的波形，减缓电压变化，以降低笔尖电容器的瞬间充电电流，从而降低了打码电极240的功耗；并且，该打码电路200中设置的至少一个储能电容器220还可以回收笔尖电容器的电荷，以进一步降低打码功耗。
应理解，本申请实施例的打码电路200可以用于主动笔100，其中，打码电路200的打码电极230可以为该主动笔100的笔尖，例如，该打码电极230可以为如图2所示的主动笔100中的主电极120，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例的第一电压和第三电压分别为打码电极240输出的最大电压和最小电压，因此，第一电压和第三电压的差为该主动笔100的打码电压，即该第一电压和第三电压的差能够满足该主动笔100的打码需求，以使得对应的触摸屏能够获得主动笔100的打码信号。因此，根据主动笔100的打码需求，该第一电压和第三电压可以分别设置为不同的数值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，本申请实施例的第三电压可以小于零，而第一电压大于0，相应的，至少一个第二电压可以包括大于、小于和等于零的 电压。具体地，上文中的打码周期可以包括五个时间，为了便于描述，根据打码周期内输出的电压的不同，可以进一步将打码周期划分为多个时段。可选地，一个打码周期内可以包括下述几个时段：在第一时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压，其中，第一时间可以包括该第一时段；在第一时段之后的第二时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，至少一个第四电压均大于零，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第四电压；在第二时段之后的第三时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零，至少一个第二电压包括零电压；在第三时段之后的第六时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，至少一个第五电压均小于零，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第五电压，其中，第二时间可以包括第二时段、第三时段和第六时段；在第六时段之后的第七时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第三电压，第三电压的绝对值大于至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压的和，其中，第三时间可以包括该第七时段。
应理解，对于打码周期中第一时段之后的第二时段，开关组件230可以控制i个储能电容器220串联，并且该i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第四电压。例如，i可以从n依次取至1，对应打码电极240依次可以输出n个第四电压，并且该n个第四电压按照输出时间顺序依次减小，设置n个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为n个第四电压中的最大值，而仅设置一个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为n个第四电压中的最小值，但每个第四电压均大于零。
对于打码周期中的第三时段之后的第六时段，开关组件230可以控制i个储能电容器220串联，并且该i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第五电压。例如，i可以从1依次取至n，对应打码电极240依次可以输出n个第五电压，并且每个第五电压均小于零，该n个第五电压按照输出时间顺序依次减小，也就是n个第五电压的绝对值按照输 出时间顺序依次增加，即设置1个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为n个第五电压中的最大值，而设置n个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为n个第五电压中的最小值。
应理解，上述时段为打码周期中打码电极240输出的电压由最大值(即第一电压)变化至最小值(即第三电压)的过程，可选地，该打码周期还可以包括由最小值(即第三电压)变化至最大值(即第一电压)的过程。具体地，一个打码周期还可以包括：在上述第七时段之后的第八时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值；在第八时段之后的第九时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零；在第九时段之后的第四时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，其中，第四时间可以包括第八时段、第九时段和第四时段；在第四时段之后的第五时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压，其中，第五时间可以包括该第五时段。
对于打码周期中的第八时段，开关组件230可以控制i个储能电容器220串联，并且该i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值。例如，i可以从n依次取至1，对应打码电极240依次可以输出n个第五电压，并且每个第五电压均小于零，该n个第五电压按照输出时间顺序依次增加，也就是n个第五电压的绝对值按照输出时间顺序依次减小，即设置n个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为该第八时段输出的n个第五电压中的最小值，而设置n个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为n个第五电压中的最大值。
应理解，第六时段和第八时段均可以输出至少一个第五电压，例如，均可以输出n个第五电压，但两个时段分别输出的n个第五电压的数值可以相等，输出顺序却不同。具体地，第六时段输出的n个第五电压按照输出的时间顺序依次减小，而第八时段输出的n个第五电压按照输出的时间顺序依次增加；但是，第六时段输出的n个第五电压与第八时段输出的n个第五电压在数值上可以完全相同。
对于打码周期中的第九时段之后的第四时段，开关组件230可以控制i 个储能电容器220串联，并且该i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值。例如，i可以从1依次取至n，对应打码电极240依次可以输出n个第四电压，并且每个第四电压均大于零，该n个第四电压按照输出时间顺序依次增加，即设置1个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为该第四时段输出的n个第四电压中的最小值，而设置n个储能电容器220时，打码电极240输出的电压为该n个第四电压中的最大值。
应理解，第二时段和第四时段均可以输出至少一个第四电压，例如，均可以输出n个第四电压，但两个时段分别输出的n个第四电压的数值可以相等，输出顺序却不同。具体地，第二时段输出的n个第四电压按照输出的时间顺序依次减小，而第四时段输出的n个第四电压按照输出的时间顺序依次增加；但是，第二时段输出的n个第四电压与第四时段输出的n个第四电压在数值上可以完全相同。
应理解，本申请实施例中的打码周期可以包括上述九个时段中的部分或者全部，该打码周期内的每个时段的时长可以根据实际应用进行设置，并且，打码周期内包括多个时段时，该多个时段的时长可以相等，也可以不相等。例如，以打码周期包括上述九个时段为例，该九个时段的时长可以设置为完全相等的；或者，也可以将该九个时段中部分时段的时长设置为相等，例如，将第一时段和第五时段的时长设置为相等，将第二时段、第六时段、第八时段和第四时段的时长设置为相等，本申请实施例并不限于此。
下面将结合具体实施例，针对上述第三电压小于零的实施例，进行详细描述。
图6示出了本申请实施例的打码电路200的一种实现方式，图6中以该打码电路200仅包括一个储能电容器220为例，即n等于1，该一个储能电容器220表示为C1；图7为图6所示的打码电路200中包括的各个开关的状态的示意图，图7中“1.00”表示对应开关的状态为导通，“0.00”表示对应的开关的状态为断开；图8为采用图6所示的打码电路200时打码电极240输出的电压的示意图，其中，图8所示的坐标的横轴表示时间，纵轴表示打码电极240输出的电压V0，并且，图7还包括图8所示的打码电极240输出的电压V0的示意图。
为了便于说明，这里以一个打码周期为例进行说明。对于该打码周期的 第一时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第一时段可以为t 1时刻至t 2时刻，开关组件230可以包括第一开关K1，第一开关K1的一端与电源组件210包括的第一输出端连接，第一开关K1的另一端与打码电极240连接，该打码电极240与触摸屏之间形成笔尖电容器C0，该第一开关K1在该第一时段内导通，以使得该笔尖电容器C0与电源组件210的第一输出端连接，该电源组件210的第一输出端输出的电压为第一电压，该第一电压为+HV，例如，这里以该+HV等于+20V为例，则笔尖电容器C0的电压为第一电压+HV，或者说打码电极230输出的电压为第一电压+HV，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压为+20V。
可选地，在该第一时段，开关组件230还可以用于控制至少一个储能电容器220与电源组件210连接，以使至少一个储能电容器220具有储能电压。具体地，如图6所示图8所示，本申请实施例的开关组件230还可以包括第五开关K5和第八开关K8，第八开关K8的一端与电源组件210包括的第三输出端连接，第八开关K8的另一端与储能电容器C1的第一端连接，该电源组件210的第三输出端输出的电压为+Vmid；第五开关K5的一端接地，第五开关K5的另一端与储能电容器C1的第二端连接，该第五开关K5和第八开关K8可以在该打码周期的第一时段导通，以使得第三输出端能够为储能电容器C1提供储能电压，该储能电容器C1的储能电压等于第三输出端的输出电压+Vmid。
其中，该储能电容器C1的储能电压+Vmid大于零，且小于第一电压+HV。例如，该储能电容器C1的储能电压+Vmid可以等于第一电压+HV的一半，以如图7至图8为例，当第一电压+HV以+20V为例时，该储能电容器C1的储能电压+Vmid可以为+10V，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
对于打码周期中第一时段之后的第二时段，当n等于1时，开关组件230用于控制一个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出一个第四电压，该一个第四电压大于零，至少一个第二电压包括该一个第四电压。具体地，n等于1时，如图6至图8所示，该第二时段为t 2时刻至t 3时刻，对应开关组件230还可以包括第四开关K4，第四开关K4的一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接，而第四开关的另一端与储能电容器C1的第一端连接。在第二时段，第一开关K1和第八开关K8断开，第 五开关K5仍然导通，并将第四开关K4导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第一时段内的第一电压+HV降低为第四电压，该第四电压等于储能电容器C1的储能电压+Vmid，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+20V降低为+10V。
对于打码周期中的第二时段之后的第三时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零，至少一个第二电压包括零电压。具体地，如图6至图8所示，第三时段可以为t 3时刻至t 4时刻，开关组件230可以包括第二开关K2，第二开关K2的一端接地，第二开关K2的另一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接。该第二开关K2在该第三时段内导通，并且将在第二时段内导通的第四开关K4和第五开关K5断开，从而使得该笔尖电容器C0的两端接地，电压由第四电压+Vmid降为零，即打码电极240输出电压降为零，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+10V降为0V。
对于打码周期中的第三时段之后的第六时段，n等于1时，开关组件230用于控制一个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出一个第五电压，该一个第五电压小于零，至少一个第二电压包括该一个第五电压。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第六时段为t 4时刻至t 5时刻，开关组件230还可以包括第六开关K6和第七开关K7，其中，第六开关K6的一端接地，第六开关K6的另一端与储能电容器C1的第一端连接，第七开关K7的一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接，而第七开关K7的另一端与储能电容器C1的第二端连接。在该第六时段，第六开关K6和第七开关K7导通，并将第三时段内导通的第二开关K2断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由零降为第五电压，该第五电压等于-Vmid，即打码电极240的电压由零降为第五电压-Vmid，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由0V降为-10V。
对于打码周期的第六时段之后的第七时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第三电压，第三电压的绝对值大于至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压的和。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第七时段为t 5时刻至t 6时刻，开关组件230可以包括第三开关K3，该第三开关K3的一端与电源组件210包括的第二输出端连接，第三开关K3的另一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接。在该第七 时段，该第三开关K3导通，并且将第六时段内导通的第六开关K6和第七开关K7断开，以使得该笔尖电容器C0与电源组件210的第二输出端连接，该电源组件210的第二输出端输出的电压为第三电压，该第三电压小于零，且小于储能电容器C1的储能电压，以使得该笔尖电容器C0的电压由-Vmid继续降低至第三电压，即打码电极240输出电压降低为第三电压。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三电压可以根据实际应用进行设置，即可以将该第三电压设置为小于-Vmid的任意值。例如，本申请实施例以将该第三电压设置为-HV为例进行说明，即第三电压的绝对值与第一电压的绝对值相等，例如，如图8所示，以该第三电压等于-20V为例，则笔尖电容器C0的电压由-10V降为-20V。
对于打码周期的第七时段之后的第八时段，n等于1时，开关组件230用于控制一个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出一个第五电压，该第五电压等于第六时段输出的第五电压。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第八时段为t 6时刻至t 7时刻，将第六开关K6和第七开关K7导通，并将第七时段内导通的第三开关K3断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由-HV增加至第五电压，该第五电压等于-Vmid，即打码电极240的电压由-HV增加至第五电压-Vmid，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由-20V增加至-10V。
在该打码周期的第八时段之后的第九时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第九时段为t 7时刻至t 8时刻，将第二开关K2导通，并将第八时段内导通的第六开关K6和第七开关K7断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第五电压增加至零，即打码电极240的电压由第五电压-Vmid增加至零，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由-10V增加至0V。
在该打码周期的在第九时段之后的第四时段，n等于1时，开关组件230用于控制一个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出一个第四电压，该第四电压与第二时段输出的第四电压相等。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第四时段为t 8时刻至t 9时刻，将第四开关K4和第五开关K5导通，并将第九时段内导通的第二开关K2断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由零增加至第四电压，该第四电压等于+Vmid，即打码电极240的电压由0增加至第四电压+Vmid，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压 可以由0V增加至10V。
在该打码周期的在第四时段之后的第五时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压。具体地，如图6至图8所示，该第五时段为t 9时刻至t 10时刻，将第一开关K1导通，并将第四时段内导通的第四开关K4和第五开关K5断开，该电源组件210的第一输出端输出第一电压，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第四电压增加至第一电压，即打码电极240的电压由第四电压+Vmid增加至第一电压+HV，例如，如图8所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由10V增加至20V。
因此，如图6所示的打码电路200的打码电极240按照时间顺序，在每个打码周期内可以依次输出如下电压：+HV、+Vmid、0、-Vmid、-HV、-Vmid、0、+Vmid和+HV，即能够输出阶梯型电压，这相比传统方波型电压，电压变化更缓，因此笔尖电容器C0的瞬间电流更低，降低了功耗；并且储能电容器还可以回收笔尖电容器C0的部分电荷，所以整体功耗进一步降低。
上述图6至图8以采用一个储能电容器220为例进行说明，下面将结合附图，对打码电路200采用多个储能电容器200的情况进行说明，为了便于描述，本申请以采用3个储能电容器200为例。具体地，图9示出了本申请实施例的打码电路200的另一种实现方式，图9中以该打码电路200包括三个储能电容器220为例，即n等于3，该三个储能电容器220分别表示为C2、C3和C4；图10为图9所示的打码电路200中包括的各个开关的状态的示意图，图10中“1.00”表示对应开关的状态为导通，“0.00”表示对应的开关的状态为断开；图11为采用图9所示的打码电路200时打码电极240输出的电压的示意图，其中，图11所示的坐标的横轴表示时间，纵轴表示打码电极240输出的电压V0，并且，图10还包括图11所示的打码电极240输出的电压V0的示意图。
为了便于说明，这里仍然以一个打码周期为例进行说明。对于该打码周期的第一时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第一时段可以为t 11时刻至t 12时刻，开关组件230可以包括第一开关K1，第一开关K1的一端与电源组件210包括的第一输出端连接，第一开关K1的另一端与打码电极240连接，该打码电极240与触摸屏之间形成笔尖电容器C0，该第一开关K1在该第一时段内导通，以使得该笔尖电容器C0与电源组件210 的第一输出端连接，该电源组件210的第一输出端输出的电压为第一电压，该第一电压为+HV，例如，这里以该+HV等于+20V为例，则笔尖电容器C0的电压为第一电压+HV，或者说打码电极230输出的电压为第一电压+HV，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压为+20V。
可选地，在该第一时段，开关组件230还可以用于控制至少一个储能电容器220与电源组件210连接，以使至少一个储能电容器220具有储能电压。具体地，如图9所示图11所示，该至少一个储能电容器220串联，本申请实施例的开关组件230还可以包括第五开关K5和第八开关K8，第八开关K8的一端与电源组件210包括的第三输出端连接，第八开关K8的另一端与至少一个储能电容器220的第一端连接，该电源组件210的第三输出端输出的电压为+Vmid；第五开关K5的一端接地，第五开关K5的另一端与至少一个储能电容器220的第二端连接，该第五开关K5和第八开关K8可以在该打码周期的第一时段导通，以使得第三输出端能够为至少一个储能电容器220提供储能电压，以使的每个储能电容器220获得相应的储能电压，其中，第三输出端输出电压+Vmid等于全部储能电容器220的储能电压的和，而每个储能电容器220的储能电压与第三输出端输出电压+Vmid有关，也与每个储能电容器220的电容有关。并且，本申请实施例的第一电压大于至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压的和，即第一电压大于第三输出端输出电压+Vmid。
可选地，当打码电路200中具有多个储能电容器220时，每个储能电容器220的电容可以相同或者不同。例如，为了获得相对均匀变化的至少一个第二电压，可以将多个储能电容器220的电容设置为相同。具体地，如图9至图11所示，本文以三个储能电容器C2至C4的电容相同为例，对应的，三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压也相同；例如，以第三输出端的输出电压+Vmid等于第一电压+HV的四分之三为例，即第三输出端的输出电压+Vmid等于15V，则三个储能电容器C2至C4中每个储能电容器的储能电压均为第一电压+HV的四分之一，即每个储能电容器的储能电压均为5V，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
对于打码周期中在第一时段之后的第二时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，即i从n依次取值1，至少一个第四电压均 大于零，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第四电压。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第二时段为t 12时刻至t 15时刻，对应开关组件230还可以包括n个第四开关K4，n个第四开关与n个储能电容器220一一对应，即n等于3时，3个第四开关K41、K42和K43分别对应三个储能电容器C2、C3和C4，其中，每个第四开关的一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接，而每个第四开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器C1的第一端连接。
在第二时段，第一开关K1和第八开关K8断开，第五开关K5仍然导通，而n个第四开关依次导通，以输出不同的电压，即可以将该第二时段分为n个阶段，共输出n个第四电压。具体地，n等于3时，在t 12时刻至t 13时刻，将第一个第四开关K41导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第一时段内的第一电压+HV降低为第一个第四电压，该第一个第四电压等于三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压的和+Vmid，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+20V降低为+15V。在t 13时刻至t 14时刻，将第二个第四开关K42导通并将第一个第四开关K41断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由+Vmid降低为第二个第四电压，该第二个第四电压等于两个储能电容器C3至C4的储能电压的和，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+15V降低为+10V。在t 14时刻至t 15时刻，将第三个第四开关K43导通并将第二个第四开关K42断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第二个第四电压降低为第三个第四电压，该第三个第四电压等于个与第三个第四开关K43对应的储能电容器C4的储能电压，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+10V降低为+5V。即在该第二时段，共输出3个第四电压，按照输出时间顺序依次为+15V、+10V和+5V。
对于打码周期中在第二时段之后的第三时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零，至少一个第二电压包括零电压。具体地，如图9至图11所示，第三时段可以为t 15时刻至t 16时刻，开关组件230可以包括第二开关K2，第二开关K2的一端接地，第二开关K2的另一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C0连接。该第二开关K2在该第三时段内导通，并且将在第二时段内导通的n个第四开关K41至K43和第五开关K5均断开，从而使得该笔尖电容器C0的两端接地，电压由最后输出的第三个第四电压降为零，即打码电极240输出电压降为零，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+5V降为0V。
对于打码周期中在第三时段之后的第六时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，即i从1依次取至n，至少一个第五电压均小于零，至少一个第二电压包括至少一个第五电压。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第六时段为t 16时刻至t 19时刻，开关组件230还可以包括第六开关K6和n个第七开关K7，其中，n个第七开关与n个储能电容器220一一对应，即n等于3时，3个第七开关K42、K43和K71分别对应三个储能电容器C2、C3和C4，每个第七开关的一端与打码电极240连接，每个第七开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器220的第二端连接；第六开关的一端接地，第六开关的另一端与n个储能电容器220的第一端连接。应理解，如图9所示，本申请实施例的该n个第七开关和n个第四开关可以包括相同的开关，已简化电路的复杂程度，或者，也可以将n个第七开关和n个第四开关设置为完全不同的开关，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在该第六时段，第六开关K6导通，并将第三时段内导通的第二开关K2断开，而n个第七开关K7按照时间顺序依次导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0输出n个第五电压，即可以将该第六时段分为n个阶段，共输出n个第五电压。具体地，n等于3时，在t 16时刻至t 17时刻，将第一个第七开关K42导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第三时段内的0降低为第一个第五电压，该第一个第五电压等于储能电容器C2的储能电压的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由+0V降低为-5V。在t 17时刻至t 18时刻，将第二个第七开关K43导通并将第一个第七开关K42断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压继续降为第二个第五电压，该第二个第五电压等于两个储能电容器C2至C3的储能电压的和的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由-5V降低为-10V。在t 18时刻至t 19时刻，将第三个第七开关K71导通并将第二个第七开关K43断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第二个第五电压降低为第三个第五电压，该第三个第五电压等于三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压的和的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由-10V降低为-15V。即在该第六时段，共输出3个第五电压，按照输出时间顺序依次为-5V、-10V和-15V。
对于打码周期中在第六时段之后的第七时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第三电压，第三电 压的绝对值大于至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压的和。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第七时段为t 19时刻至t 20时刻，开关组件230可以包括第三开关K3，该第三开关K3的一端与电源组件210包括的第二输出端连接，第三开关K3的另一端与打码电极240连接，即与笔尖电容器C连接。在该第七时段，该第三开关K3导通，并且将第六时段内导通的第六开关K6和n个第七开关均断开，以使得该笔尖电容器C0与电源组件210的第二输出端连接，该电源组件210的第二输出端输出的电压为第三电压，该第三电压小于零，且小于三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压的和的负值，以使得该笔尖电容器C0的电压继续降低至第三电压，即打码电极240输出电压降低为第三电压。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三电压可以根据实际应用进行设置，即可以将该第三电压设置为小于-Vmid的任意值。例如，本申请实施例以将该第三电压设置为-HV为例进行说明，即第三电压的绝对值与第一电压的绝对值相等，例如，如图8所示，以该第三电压等于-20V为例，则笔尖电容器C0的电压由-15V降为-20V。
对于打码周期中在第七时段之后的第八时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，即i从n依次取至1，其中，该至少一个第五电压与第六时段输出的至少一个第五电压的值相同，但是输出顺序不同。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第八时段为t 20时刻至t 23时刻，将第六开关K6导通，并将第七时段内导通的第三开关K3断开，而n个第七开关K7依次导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由-HV逐渐增加，共输出n个第五电压，即可以将该第八时段分为n个阶段，共输出n个第五电压。
具体地，n等于3时，在t 20时刻至t 21时刻，将第一个第七开关K71导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第三电压增加为第一个第五电压，该第一个第五电压等于三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压的和的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由-20V增加为-15V。在t 21时刻至t 22时刻，将第二个第七开关K43导通并将第一个第七开关K71断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压继续增加至第二个第五电压，该第二个第五电压等于两个储能电容器C2至C3的储能电压的和的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由-15V增加至-10V。在t 22时刻至t 23时刻，将第三个第 七开关K42导通并将第二个第七开关K43断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第二个第五电压增加至第三个第五电压，该第三个第五电压等于与第三个第七开关K42对应的储能电容器C2的储能电压的负值，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由-10V增加为-5V。即在该第八时段，共输出3个第五电压，按照输出时间顺序依次为-15V、-10V和-5V。
对于打码周期中在第八时段之后的第九时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第九时段为t 23时刻至t 24时刻，将第二开关K2导通，并将第八时段内导通的第六开关K6和n个第七开关K7断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压继续增加至零，即打码电极240的电压由第三个第五电压增加至零，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由-5V增加至0V。
对于打码周期中在第九时段之后的第四时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，即i从1依次取至n，其中，该至少一个第四电压与第二时段输出的至少一个第四电压的值相同，但是输出顺序不同。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第四时段为t 24时刻至t 27时刻，将第五开关K4导通，并将第九时段内导通的第二开关K2断开，而n个第四开关依次导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由零逐渐增加，共输出n个第四电压，即可以将该第四时段分为n个阶段，共输出n个第四电压。
具体地，n等于3时，在t 24时刻至t 25时刻，将第一个第四开关K43导通，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由零增加为第一个第四电压，该第一个第四电压等于储能电容器C4的储能电压，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由0V增加为5V。在t 25时刻至t 26时刻，将第二个第四开关K42导通并将第一个第四开关K43断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压继续增加至第二个第四电压，该第二个第四电压等于两个储能电容器C3至C4的储能电压的和，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由5V增加至10V。在t 26时刻至t 27时刻，将第三个第四开关K41导通并将第二个第四开关K42断开，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第二个第四电压增加至第三个第四电压，该第三个第四电压等于三个储能电容器C2至C4的储能电压的和，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压由10V增加为15V。即在该第四时段，共输出3个第四电压，按照输出时间顺序依次为5V、10V和15V。
对于打码周期中在第四时段之后的第五时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压。具体地，如图9至图11所示，该第五时段为t 27时刻至t 28时刻，将第一开关K1导通，并将第四时段内导通的n个第四开关K4和第五开关K5断开，该电源组件210的第一输出端输出第一电压，以使得笔尖电容器C0的电压由第三个第四电压增加至第一电压，即打码电极240的电压由+Vmid增加至第一电压+HV，例如，如图11所示，笔尖电容器C0的电压可以由15V增加至20V。
应理解，本申请上述各个实施例的开关组件230包括的各个开关的类型可以根据实际应用进行选择，例如，图6和图9中以各个开关为压控开关为例，或者，还可以采用其他形式的开关，例如，可以采用N型或者P型的MOSFET，本申请实施例并不限于此。
因此，如图9所示的打码电路200的打码电极240按照时间顺序，在每个打码周期内可以依次输出如下电压：+HV、+3/4HV、+1/2HV、+1/4HV、0、-1/4HV、-1/2HV、-3/4HV、-HV、-3/4HV、-1/2HV、-1/4HV、0、+1/4HV、+1/2HV、+3/4HV和+HV，即能够输出阶梯型电压，这相比传统方波型电压，或者相比于图6的阶梯型电压，图9的打码电路200的电压变化更缓，因此笔尖电容器C0的瞬间电流更低，降低了功耗；并且储能电容器还可以回收笔尖电容器C0的部分电荷，所以整体功耗进一步降低。
具体地，如果采用如图3所示的打码电路，其笔尖电容器C0的功耗P可以表示为：
P＝CV 2f
其中，C表示笔尖电容器C0的电容；V为打码电压，例如，如图4所示，打码电压为40V；f为打码频率。若采用如图6所示的打码电路，其笔尖电容器C0的功耗P可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000001
其中，对于打码电压V，对于采用如图6所示的打码电路，V即为第一电压和第三电压之间的电压差，例如，如图8所示，V仍然为40V。所以，采用如图6所示的打码电路200的功耗是采用图3所示的打码电路的功耗的25％，大幅度减少了功耗。类似的，如果采用图9所示的打码电路200，其功耗是采用图3所示的打码电路的功耗的12.5％，大幅度减少了功耗，但是 图9相比于图6的打码电路200更为复杂。
可选地，对于图6和图9所示的打码电路200，还可以取消电源组件210的第三输出端，即取消由该第三输出端为至少一个储能电容器220提供储能电压。例如，图12示出了打码电路200的另一示意图，该图12与图6的区别仅在于取消了电源组件210的第三输出端。由于没有电源组件210的第三输出端给至少一个储能电容器220的电压进行初始化，至少一个储能电容器220的储能电压只能通过多次回收笔尖电容器C0的电荷来逐渐升高，这种例如图12所示的打码电路200相比于图6或者图9所示的具有电源组件210的第三输出端的打码电路200，其优势是电路更加简单，劣势是打码电路200输出的梯形波需要一定的稳定时间，即在稳定时间之后，才可以进入上述能够稳定输出打码电压的打码周期。
下面针对不采用电源组件210的第三输出端的打码电路中，至少一个储能电容器220如何获得储能电压进行说明。图13示出了图12所示的打码电路200中储能电容器220获得储能电压的示意图，如图13所示，以设置一个储能电容器220为例，在电源组件210初次给笔尖电容器C0充电时，若电源组件210输出电压为Vcc，则笔尖电容器C0的电荷量Q tip可以表示为：
Q tip＝V cc·C tip
其中，C tip表示笔尖电容器C0的电容。
当储能电容器220回收该笔尖电容器C0的能量时，储能电容器220的储能电压V cp为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000002
其中，C p为储能电容器220的电容。
完成能量回收后，储能电容器220上的电荷量Q cp可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000003
之后，通过储能电容器220给笔尖电容器C0充电，达到平衡时的电压Q cp-tip为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000004
根据该平衡电压，储能电容器220经过上述第一次释放能量后的剩余电 荷量Q cp-1可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000005
依次类推，在经过N次释放能量后，储能电容器220剩余的电荷量Q cp-N以及电压V cp-N可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021087027-appb-000007
根据上述公式，为了使得储能电容器220获得稳定的储能电压，例如，该稳定的储能电压可以等于如图6和图9所示的具有电源组件210的第三输出端时每个储能电容器220的储能电压，可以通过调节储能电容器220的电容和笔尖电容器C0的电容之间的大小关系，以使得储能电容器220更加快速的获得稳定的储能电压。
具体地，图14示出了储能电容器220的电容C p和笔尖电容器C0的电容C tip之间比值不同时，储能电容器220获得稳定的储能电压时所需的充电次数。如图14所示，储能电容器220的电容C p越大，储能电容器220获得稳定的储能电压时所需的充电次数越多，也就是储能电容器220获得稳定的储能电压越慢。
另外，图15示出了储能电容器220的电容与节能效果之间的关系曲线，如图15所示，储能电容器220的电容C p越大，功耗降低的效果更优，但储能电容器220的电容C p达到一定阈值时，再增加储能电容器220的电容C p，其功耗降低的效果会保持不变。
因此，如果采用如图6或者图9所示的打码电路200，不必考虑储能电容器220的稳定时间时，可以将储能电容器220的电容C p设置的较大，以使得功耗更优。但如果不采用电源组件210为储能电容器220提供储能电压，例如，采用如图12所示的打码电路，结合图14和图15，考虑到储能电容器220的电容C p越大，功耗降低的效果更优，但获得稳定的储能电压的时间过长，因此需要折中选择，例如，可以将储能电容器220的电容C p设置为笔尖电容器C tip的20至50倍，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，本申请实施例的主动笔100可以采用干电池或锂电池供电或者其他方式供电。例如，以采用干电池或锂电池供电为例，干电池或锂电池通过升降压(buck-boost)直流/直流(DC/DC)模块为主板供电；并且，通过电源组件210为打码电路200供电。具体地，该电源组件210可以包括升压(Boost)DC/DC模块和电荷泵(charge pump)，从而通过第一输出端输出第一电压，并通过第二输出端输出第三电压。这里以第一电压和第三电压的绝对值相等为例。
图16示出了本申请实施例的电源组件210的示意图，如图16所示，该电源组件210可以包括Boost模块210和电荷泵220。其中，电荷泵220可以具体包括：第一电容器Ca、第二电容器Cb、第九开关K9和第十开关K10。
具体地，如图16所示，第一电容器Ca的一端和电源组件210的第一输出端连接，第一电容器Ca的另一端和第九开关K9的一端连接、且和第十开关K10的一端连接，第九开关K9的另一端接地，第十开关K10的另一端和第二电容器Cb的一端连接、且第二电容器Cb的一端为电源组件210的第二输出端，第二电容器Cb的另一端接地。
可选地，该电源组件210的第一输出端可以为Boost模块210的输出端，为主动笔100供电的干电池或锂电池可以向该Boost模块210输入电压Vin，以使得该Boost模块210的输出端可以输出第一电压+HV或者零。例如，该Boost模块210可以在第一时段，向电荷泵220输出第一电压+HV，还可以向打码电路200输出该第一电压+HV。可选地，该电源组件210还可以包括第十一开关K11和第三电容器Cc，该第十一开关K11一端与第三电容器Cc连接，该第十一开关K11的另一端与该Boost模块210的输出端连接，则该Boost模块210的输出端输出第一电压+HV经过该第十一开关输入至打码电路200。
如图16所示，当Boost模块210的输出端输出第一电压+HV时，例如在第一时段或者第五时段，第九开关K9导通，第十开关K10断开，第一电容器Ca的电压为该第一电压+HV，而第二电容器Cb的电压为零，则该电源组件210的第一输出端输出电压V1等于第一电压+HV；相反的，当Boost模块210的输出端输出电压由+HV变为零时，例如，在打码周期的第七时段，第九开关K9断开，第十开关K10导通，该第一电容器Ca的电压为-HV，而第二电容器Cb的电压也为-HV，此时，该电源组件210的第二输出端输 出电压V1等于第三电压-HV。
因此，可以采用如图16所示的电源组件210以输出电压第一电压+HV和第三电压-HV，该电路结构简单，并且具备较高的效率，通过接入两个开关和两个电容即可实现+HV到-HV的转换，这样的好处是-HV的电压绝对值可以和+HV同步变化。
可选地，图16中的第九开关K9至第十一开关K11以二极管为例，也可以采用其他形式的开关，例如，还可以采用MOSFET代替图中的二极管，本申请实施例并不限于此。
上文中结合附图描述了第三电压小于零的情况，可选地，本申请实施例的第三电压还可以等于零。对于第三电压等于零，则可以将上述图6至图11所示的打码电路200中的电源组件210的第二输出端取消，并取消打码周期中打码电极240的输出电压小于零的时段，以使得打码电极240的输出电压大于或者等于零，而不包括小于零的电压。
具体地，对于第三电压等于零的情况，在一个打码周期内，可以包括下述几个时段：在第一时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压，其中，第一时间可以包括该第一时段；在第一时段之后的第二时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第二电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，至少一个第二电压均大于零，其中，第二时间可以包括该第二时段；在第二时段之后的第三时段，开关组件230用于控制打码电极240接地，以使打码电极240输出电压为零，其中，第三时间可以包括该第三时段。
应理解，上述时段为打码周期中打码电极240输出的电压由最大值(即第一电压)变化至最小值(即第三电压0V)的过程，可选地，该打码周期还可以包括由最小值(即第三电压0V)变化至最大值(即第一电压)的过程。具体地，一个打码周期还可以包括：在第三时段之后的第四时段，开关组件230用于控制i个储能电容器220与打码电极240串联，以使打码电极240输出至少一个第二电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，其中，第四时间可以包括该第四时段；在第四时段之后的第五时段，开关组件230用于控制电源组件210与打码电极240连接，以使打码电极240输出第一电压，其中，第五时间可以包括该第五时段。
应理解，第三电压等于零时，打码周期内的第一时段至第五时段分别对应上述第三电压小于零时打码周期内的第一时段至第五时段，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
当第三电压等于零时，打码电路200同样可以输出阶梯型电压，以采用一个储能电容器220为例，在一个打码周期内，按照时间顺序，打码电极240可以依次输出如下电压：+HV、+Vmid、0+Vmid和+HV，这种阶梯型电压相比传统方波型电压，电压变化减缓，笔尖电容器C0的瞬间电流降低，可以降低该传统方波型电压的50％的功耗。
因此，本申请实施例的打码电路200，通过设置至少一个储能电容器220，并由开关组件230控制该至少一个储能电容器220和打码电极240的连接，可以使得打码电极240输出多个不相等的电压，即将现有的PWM方波转换为阶梯型的波形，减缓电压变化，以降低笔尖电容器的瞬间充电电流，从而降低了打码电极240的功耗；并且，该打码电路200中设置的至少一个储能电容器220还可以回收笔尖电容器的电荷，以进一步降低打码功耗。另外，对于本申请实施例的电源组件210，可以用于提供大于零的第一电压和小于零的第三电压，此时，主动笔100采用的电源管理单元(Power Management Unit，PMU)拓扑结构可以包括如图16所示的电源组件210，提供绝对值相等的第一电压+HV和第三电压-HV的同时，有效的提升电源管理单元整体效率，从而进一步降低功耗。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种打码电路，其特征在于，所述打码电路用于主动笔，所述打码电路包括：电源组件、至少一个储能电容器、开关组件和打码电极，
    所述开关组件用于控制所述至少一个储能电容器的电压，使得所述至少一个储能电容器达到储能电压；
    在打码周期内：
    所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件、所述至少一个储能电容器和所述打码电极之间的连接，以使所述打码电极输出第一电压、至少一个第二电压和第三电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压分别为所述打码电极输出的最大电压和最小电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压的差为所述主动笔的打码电压，所述至少一个第二电压包括i个储能电容器的储能电压的和，i为小于或者等于n的正整数且i按照递增或者递减的顺序依次取值，n为所述至少一个储能电容器的数量，所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和小于所述第一电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压等于零，在所述打码周期内：
    在第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压；
    在所述第一时段之后的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第二电压均大于零；
    在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的打码电路，其特征在于，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第三时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；
    在所述第四时段之后的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压小于零，在所述打码周期内：
    在第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压；
    在所述第一时段之后的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第四电压均大于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第四电压；
    在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述至少一个第二电压包括零电压；
    在所述第三时段之后的第六时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述至少一个第五电压均小于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第五电压；
    在所述第六时段之后的第七时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第三电压，所述第三电压的绝对值大于所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的打码电路，其特征在于，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第七时段之后的第八时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值；
    在所述第八时段之后的第九时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零；
    在所述第九时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；
    在所述第四时段之后的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压的绝对值与所述第一电压的绝对值相等。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件包括第一开关，所述第一开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第一输出端连接，所述第一开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第一开关在所 述打码周期内的第一时段和第五时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第一时段和所述第五时段以外的时段断开，所述第一输出端用于输出所述第一电压。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件包括第二开关，所述第二开关的一端接地，所述第二开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第二开关在所述打码周期内的第三时段和第九时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第三时段和所述第九时段以外的时段断开。
  9. 根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件包括第三开关，所述第三开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第二输出端连接，所述第三开关的另一端与所述打码电极连接，所述第三开关在所述打码周期的所述第七时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第七时段以外的时段断开，所述第二输出端用于输出所述第三电压。
  10. 根据权利要求2至9中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件包括n个第四开关和第五开关，所述n个第四开关与n个储能电容器一一对应，所述n个第四开关中每个第四开关的一端与所述打码电极连接，所述每个第四开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器的第一端连接，所述第五开关的一端接地，所述第五开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第二端连接，
    其中，所述n个第四开关在所述打码周期的第二时段和第四时段按顺序导通，以控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极连接，所述n个第四开关在所述打码周期的除所述第二时段和所述第四时段以外的时段断开，
    所述第五开关用于在所述打码周期的第二时段和第四时段导通，且在所述打码周期的除所述第二时段和所述第四时段以外的时段断开。
  11. 根据权利要求4-6和9中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件包括第六开关和n个第七开关，所述第六开关的一端接地，所述第六开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第一端连接，所述n个第七开关与n个储能电容器一一对应，所述n个第七开关中每个第七开关的一端与所述打码电极连接，所述每个第七开关的另一端与对应的储能电容器的第二端连接，
    其中，所述第六开关用于在所述打码周期的第六时段和第八时段导通， 且在所述打码周期的除所述第六时段和所述第八时段以外的时段断开，
    所述n个第七开关在所述打码周期的第六时段和第八时段按顺序导通，以控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极连接，所述n个第七开关在所述打码周期的除所述第六时段和所述第八时段以外的时段断开。
  12. 根据权利要求2至11中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述开关组件还包括第八开关，所述第八开关的一端与所述电源组件包括的第三输出端连接，所述第八开关的另一端与所述至少一个储能电容器的第一端连接，所述第八开关在所述打码周期的所述第一时段和第五时段导通，且在所述打码周期内除所述第一时段和所述第五时段以外的时段断开，所述第三输出端用于为所述至少一个储能电容器提供储能电压。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述至少一个储能电容器为多个储能电容器，所述多个储能电容器的电容相等。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述至少一个储能电容器中每个储能电容器的电容为预设电容的20倍至100倍，所述预设电容为所述打码电极与触摸屏之间的等效电容器的电容。
  15. 根据权利要求7或9所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述电源组件包括第一电容器、第二电容器、第九开关和第十开关，所述第一电容器的一端和所述电源组件的第一输出端连接，所述第一电容器的另一端和所述第九开关的一端连接、且和所述第十开关的一端连接，所述第九开关的另一端接地，所述第十开关的另一端和所述第二电容器的一端连接、且所述第二电容器的一端为所述电源组件的第二输出端，所述第二电容器的另一端接地，
    在所述打码周期的第一时段和第五时段，所述第一输出端用于输出所述第一电压，所述第九开关导通，所述第十开关断开，
    在所述打码周期的第七时段，所述第一输出端输出电压为零，所述第九开关断开，所述第十开关导通，以使所述第二输出端输出所述第三电压，所述第三电压小于零。
  16. 一种打码电路，其特征在于，所述打码电路用于主动笔，所述打码电路包括开关组件和打码电极，所述打码电极包括所述主动笔的笔尖；
    在打码周期内：
    第一时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极输出第一电压；
    在所述第一时间之后的第二时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电 极输出至少一个第二电压，所述至少一个第二电压均小于所述第一电压；
    在所述第二时间之后的第三时间内，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极输出第三电压，所述第三电压小于所述至少一个第二电压，所述第一电压和所述第三电压的差为所述主动笔的打码电压；
    在所述第三时间之后的第四时间，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电压输出所述至少一个第二电压；
    在所述第四时间之后的第五时间，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电压输出所述第一电压。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述打码电路包括：至少一个储能电容器，
    所述至少一个第二电压包括i个储能电容器的储能电压的和，i为小于或者等于n的正整数且i按照递增或者递减的顺序依次取值，n为所述至少一个储能电容器的数量，所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和小于所述第一电压。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压等于零，
    所述打码电路还包括电源组件和开关组件，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第一时间包括的第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压，
    在所述第二时间包括的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第二电压均大于零；
    在所述第三时间包括的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的打码电路，其特征在于，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第四时间包括的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第二电压，i按照递增的顺序取值；
    在所述第五时间包括的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压小于零，
    所述打码电路还包括电源组件和开关组件，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第一时间包括的第一时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压；
    在所述第二时间包括的第二时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第四电压，i按照递减的顺序取值，所述至少一个第四电压均大于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第四电压；
    在所述第二时段之后的第三时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述至少一个第二电压包括零电压，所述第二时间包括所述第三时段；
    在所述第三时段之后的第六时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出至少一个第五电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述至少一个第五电压均小于零，所述至少一个第二电压包括所述至少一个第五电压，所述第二时间包括所述第六时段；
    在所述第三时间包括的第七时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第三电压，所述第三电压的绝对值大于所述至少一个储能电容器的储能电压的和。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的打码电路，其特征在于，在所述打码周期内：
    在所述第四时间包括的第八时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第五电压，i按照递减的顺序取值；
    在所述第八时段之后的第九时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述打码电极接地，以使所述打码电极输出电压为零，所述第四时间包括所述第九时段；
    在所述第九时段之后的第四时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述i个储能电容器与所述打码电极串联，以使所述打码电极输出所述至少一个第四电压，i按照递增的顺序取值，所述第四时间包括所述第四时段；
    在所述第五时间包括的第五时段，所述开关组件用于控制所述电源组件与所述打码电极连接，以使所述打码电极输出所述第一电压。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述第三电压的绝对值与所述第一电压的绝对值相等。
  23. 根据权利要求17至22中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述至少一个储能电容器为多个储能电容器，所述多个储能电容器的电容相等。
  24. 根据权利要求17至23中任一项所述的打码电路，其特征在于，所述至少一个储能电容器中每个储能电容器的电容为预设电容的20倍至100倍，所述预设电容为所述打码电极与触摸屏之间的等效电容器的电容。
  25. 一种主动笔，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至24中任一项所述的打码电路。
  26. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    触摸屏；以及
    如权利要求25所述的主动笔。
PCT/CN2021/087027 2021-04-13 2021-04-13 打码电路、主动笔以及电子设备 WO2022217465A1 (zh)

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