WO2022215755A1 - 眼科装置、眼科装置の制御方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents
眼科装置、眼科装置の制御方法、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012014 optical coherence tomography Methods 0.000 description 61
- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 23
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000005252 bulbus oculi Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001110 axial length eye Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
Definitions
- the technology of the present disclosure relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus, an ophthalmologic apparatus control method, and a program.
- An ophthalmic device includes: an interference optical system for detecting interference light between signal light obtained by scanning an eye to be inspected with light from a light source and reference light obtained by splitting the light from the light source; arranged in the optical path of at least one of the signal light and the reference light, and adjusting the polarization state of the light propagating in the at least one optical path such that the polarization state of the signal light and the reference light are the same an adjusting unit for adjusting; a control unit that controls the adjustment unit according to a scanning angle at which the eye to be inspected is scanned; Prepare.
- a control method for an ophthalmologic apparatus includes: A control method performed by a processor of the ophthalmic device, comprising: arranged in the optical path of at least one of the signal light and the reference light, and adjusts the polarization state of light propagating in the at least one optical path such that the polarization state of the signal light and the polarization state of the reference light are the same; obtaining an adjustment amount of the adjustment unit corresponding to the scanning angle of the OCT signal light; controlling the adjustment unit based on the adjustment amount; including.
- a program includes to the computer, arranged in the optical path of at least one of the signal light and the reference light, and adjusts the polarization state of light propagating in the at least one optical path such that the polarization state of the signal light and the polarization state of the reference light are the same; obtaining an adjustment amount of the adjustment unit corresponding to the scanning angle of the OCT signal light; controlling the adjustment unit based on the adjustment amount; to run.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an ophthalmologic system
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of an ophthalmologic apparatus
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wide-angle optical system included in an ophthalmologic apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of functions of an ophthalmologic apparatus
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of table creation processing
- FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an example of contents of a table
- 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of imaging processing by OCT
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen including a tomographic image
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of table creation processing;
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an example regarding derivation of an optimum adjustment amount;
- FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an example of contents of a table;
- 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an OCT unit;
- scanning laser ophthalmoscope Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope
- OCT optical coherence tomography
- the ophthalmic system 100 includes an ophthalmic device 110, an eye axial length measuring device 120, a server device (hereinafter referred to as “server”) 140, and an image display device (hereinafter referred to as "viewer”) 150. and have.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 acquires a fundus image and a tomographic image.
- the axial length measuring device 120 measures the axial length of the subject.
- the server 140 stores a plurality of fundus images and axial lengths obtained by photographing the funduses of a plurality of subjects with the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 in association with the IDs of the subjects.
- the viewer 150 displays the fundus image acquired by the server 140 and the data obtained by analyzing the fundus image.
- the fundus image includes an SLO fundus image captured by SLO, an OCT image (also referred to as a tomographic image) captured by OCT, and the like.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110, the eye axial length measuring apparatus 120, the server 140, and the viewer 150 are interconnected via the network 130.
- the ophthalmic device 110 includes an imager 14 and a controller 16 .
- the photographing device 14 photographs the fundus of the subject's eye.
- the control device 16 is implemented by a computer having a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 16A, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 16B, a ROM (Read-Only Memory) 16C, and an input/output (I/O) port 16D.
- the ophthalmic device 110 is an example of the ophthalmic device of the technology of the present disclosure.
- a storage device 17 is connected to the input/output (I/O) port 16D.
- the storage device 17 is configured by, for example, a non-volatile memory (NVM).
- the input/output (I/O) port 16D is connected to the network 130 via the communication interface (I/F) 15 .
- the control device 16 also includes an input/display device 16E connected to the CPU 16A via an I/O port 16D.
- the input/display device 16E has a graphic user interface that displays an image obtained by photographing and receives various instructions including instructions for photographing.
- a graphical user interface is a touch panel display.
- the storage device 17 stores a data processing program 17A.
- a case where the data processing program 17A is stored in the storage device 17 is described, but the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the data processing program 17A is stored in the ROM 16C.
- the data processing program 17A is an example of an ophthalmic program of the technology of the present disclosure.
- the horizontal direction when the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 is installed on a horizontal plane is defined as the "X direction”
- the vertical direction with respect to the horizontal plane is defined as the "Y direction”.
- the direction connecting the eyeball center O is defined as the “Z direction”. Therefore, the X, Y and Z directions are perpendicular to each other.
- Imager 14 operates under the control of controller 16 .
- Imager 14 includes SLO unit 18 , wide-angle optical system 19 , and OCT unit 20 .
- the wide-angle optical system 19 includes a first optical scanner 22 configured by a polygon mirror or the like that deflects light from the SLO unit 18 in the X direction (horizontal direction), and a first optical scanner 22 that deflects light from the OCT unit 10 in the X direction (horizontal direction). ), a dichroic mirror 26, and a third scanner 29 composed of a galvanomirror for deflecting light in the Y direction (vertical direction).
- the optical path of the SLO light and the optical path of the OCT light are synthesized by the dichroic mirror 26, and the SLO light and the OCT light are irradiated through the pupil of the subject's eye 12 via the common optical system 28 onto the imageable region 12A of the fundus.
- the photographable area 12A is within a range of approximately 200 degrees when converted to an internal illumination angle from the center O of the eyeball.
- the SLO unit 18 includes a light source 18A, a detection element 18B, a dichroic mirror 18C, and the like, and is configured to photograph the fundus of the eye 12 to be examined.
- the light source 18A includes an R light (red light) light source, a G light (green light) light source, a B light (blue light) light source, and an infrared light (for example, near infrared light) light source. Or/and it is configured to be switchable between a mode emitting B light and a mode emitting infrared rays (for example, near-infrared rays).
- the light from the light source 18A passes through the dichroic mirror 18C and travels toward the wide-angle optical system 19.
- the SLO light is deflected in the X direction (horizontal direction) by the first optical scanner 22 , passes through the dichroic mirror 26 , and is deflected in the Y direction (vertical direction) by the third optical scanner 29 of the common optical system 28 .
- the first optical scanner 22 and the third optical scanner 29 are controlled by the control device 16 to scan the photographable region 12A of the fundus.
- Reflected light from the fundus passes through the wide-angle optical system 19, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 18C, and is received by the detection element 18B.
- the controller 16 generates an SLO fundus image (hereinafter referred to as an "SLO image”), which is a front image of the fundus, based on the detection signal from the detection element 18B.
- SLO image an SLO fundus image
- the OCT unit 20 will be described using Fourier domain type OCT as an example.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 according to the technology of the present disclosure has an OCT unit 20 for swept-source type OCT (SS-OCT) using a swept-wavelength light source.
- SS-OCT swept-source type OCT
- the OCT unit 20 includes a light source 20A, a sensor 20B, fiber couplers 20C and 20D, and a reference optical system 20G including a polarization adjuster 20F.
- the light source 20A is a wavelength swept light source that emits light in the near-infrared wavelength region.
- Signal light Light from the light source 20A of the OCT unit 20 (hereinafter referred to as signal light (LS)) is split by the fiber coupler 20C, and one signal light is scanned by the second optical scanner 24 of the wide-angle optical system 19 in the X direction (horizontal direction). ), reflected by the dichroic mirror 26 , and deflected in the Y direction (vertical direction) by the third optical scanner 29 of the common optical system 28 .
- the second optical scanner 22 and the third optical scanner 29 are controlled by the control device 16 to scan the area for OCT imaging in the imaging area 12A of the fundus.
- a region for OCT imaging is specified by the user of the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 or the like.
- A-scan which is a single-point scan of the fundus
- linear B-scan for acquiring a tomographic image of the fundus
- planar C-scan for acquiring OCT volume data. scans, etc.
- the signal light reflected by the fundus enters the fiber coupler 20D via the wide-angle optical system 19 and the fiber coupler 20C.
- the other signal light that is, the signal light traveling to the light source 20A, fiber coupler 20C, polarization adjuster 20F, and sensor 20B is called reference light (LR).
- the other reference light branched by the fiber coupler 20C has its polarization state adjusted by the polarization adjuster 20F and enters the fiber coupler 20D.
- the reference light whose polarization is adjusted interferes with the signal light reflected by the fundus, and the interference light enters the sensor 20B.
- the sensor 20B detects the intensity of the interference light for each wavelength and outputs it to the controller 16 as a detection signal.
- control device 16 performs processing such as Fourier transform on the detection signal of the sensor 20B to generate an OCT image or a tomographic image (hereinafter referred to as an "OCT image").
- the optical path length of the signal light is determined from the light source 20A to the fundus and from the fundus to the sensor 20B.
- the optical path length of the reference light is also controlled to be the same as the optical path length of the signal light.
- the reflected light reflected from the fundus and incident on the signal optical fiber coupler 20D is particularly referred to as return light.
- the OCT unit 20 is an example of an interference optical system of the technology of the present disclosure.
- the polarization adjuster 20F is an example of the adjuster of the technology of the present disclosure.
- the polarization adjusting section 20F is connected to the driving section 20E, adjusts the incident light into a polarized state according to the driving amount of the driving section 20E, and emits the light.
- Polarization states are indicated including azimuth angles. It should be noted that the polarization state may be represented by an amplitude ratio and a phase difference in orthogonal coordinates.
- a half-wave plate that provides a phase difference ( ⁇ /2) is used as an example of the polarization adjustment unit 20F, and the incident linearly polarized light is rotated by the half-wave plate and emitted.
- a half-wave plate, which is an example of the polarization adjuster 20F is an example of an optical member of the technology of the present disclosure.
- both the SLO light and the signal light are light that is two-dimensionally scanned in the X and Y directions.
- the signal light is generically called "scanning light”.
- common optical system 28 includes slit mirror 30 and elliptical mirror 32 in addition to third optical scanner 29 .
- the dichroic mirror 26, the slit mirror 30, and the elliptical mirror 32 are shown in a side end view.
- the common optical system 28 may be configured using a mirror such as a concave mirror, a parabolic mirror, or a free-form mirror, or a plurality of lens groups, instead of the slit mirror 30 and the elliptical mirror 32 .
- the slit mirror 30 has an elliptical first reflecting surface 30A.
- the first reflecting surface 30A has a first focus P1 and a second focus P2.
- the elliptical mirror 32 also has an elliptical second reflecting surface 32A.
- the second reflecting surface 32A has a first focus P3 and a second focus P4.
- the slit mirror 30, the elliptical mirror 32, and the third optical scanner 29 are arranged so that the first focus P3 and the second focus P2 are at a common position on the third optical scanner 29.
- the slit mirror 30, the elliptical mirror 32, and the third optical scanner 29 are arranged so that the second focal point P4 is positioned at the center of the pupil of the eye 12 to be examined.
- the first optical scanner 22 , the second optical scanner 24 and the slit mirror 30 are arranged such that the first focal point P 1 is located at the first optical scanner 22 and the second optical scanner 24 .
- the first optical scanner 22, the second optical scanner 24, and the third optical scanner 29 are arranged at positions conjugate with the center of the pupil of the eye 12 to be examined.
- the wide-angle optical system 19 shown in FIG. 3 makes the field of view (FOV) of the fundus large and allows observation of a wide fundus area.
- the wide fundus region will be described by distinguishing between the external irradiation angle of the scanning light from the outside by the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 and the internal irradiation angle as the irradiation angle inside the subject's eye irradiated with the scanning light.
- an external illumination angle of 120 degrees corresponds to an internal illumination angle of approximately 160 degrees.
- the internal illumination angle is 200 degrees.
- the external irradiation angle is the light irradiation angle from the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 side, that is, from the outside of the subject's eye 12 .
- the external illumination angle is the angle at which the scanning light travels toward the center 27 of the pupil of the eye 12 to be inspected (that is, the central point of the pupil in the normal view (see also FIG. 2)) with respect to the fundus of the eye 12 to be inspected.
- This external illumination angle is also equal to the angle of light reflected from the fundus and exiting the subject's eye 12 from the center of the pupil 27 toward the ophthalmic device 110 .
- the internal irradiation angle represents a light irradiation angle that can be substantially photographed by irradiating the fundus of the subject's eye 12 with scanning light, with the center O of the eyeball of the subject's eye 12 as a reference position.
- the external illumination angle A and the internal illumination angle B are in a corresponding relationship, the external illumination angle is used as the illumination angle corresponding to the viewing angle of the fundus in the following description because it is an ophthalmologic apparatus.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 captures an image within the imageable area 12A (see also FIG. 2), which is the fundus area of the subject's eye 12 at the external illumination angle.
- the photographable area 12A is, for example, the maximum area that can be scanned by the wide-angle optical system 19 with the scanning light.
- UWFSLO image An SLO image obtained by imaging the imageable region 12A of the eye 12 to be examined by the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 is referred to as a UWFSLO image.
- UWF is an abbreviation for Ultra-Widefield.
- the wide-angle optical system 30, which has an ultra-wide field of view (FOV) of the fundus, can image the area beyond the posterior pole of the fundus of the eye 12 to be examined and beyond the equator. You can take pictures of existing structures.
- FOV ultra-wide field of view
- the data processing program 17A has a setting function, an SLO image acquisition function, an OCT image acquisition function (image acquisition function, image processing function, image display function), and a transmission function.
- the CPU 16A executes the data processing program 17A having these functions, the CPU 16A, as shown in FIG. 212 , image display unit 214 ), and transmission unit 208 .
- the control device 16 of the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 includes an input/display device 16E, but the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- the controller 16 of the ophthalmic device 110 may not have the input/display device 16E and may have a separate display device that is physically separate from the ophthalmic device 110 .
- the display device includes an image processing processor unit that operates under the control of the CPU 16A of the control device 16, and the image processing processor unit displays an SLO image or the like based on an image signal instructed to be output by the image display section 214. You may make it display.
- table data may be transmitted to the server 140 and acquired from the server 140 .
- the table data may be derived and stored at the time of setup such as installation of the apparatus, or may be stored in the server 140 and acquired.
- the table TB is an example of the table of the technique of the present disclosure.
- the information for adjusting the polarization state is information indicating to adjust the relationship between the polarization state of the signal light and the polarization state of the reference light when acquiring an OCT image in a preferable state.
- tomography of interference light obtained by causing each return light obtained by irradiating the fundus from the pupil of the eye 12 to be inspected with the signal light to interfere with the reference light is performed.
- tomography with coherent light By performing tomography with coherent light in this manner, a tomographic region is imaged, and an OCT image showing the tomographic region is acquired by the image acquisition unit 210 .
- the polarization state of the signal light and the polarization state of the reference light are the same.
- the polarization states (for example, the polarization directions) of the measurement light and the reference light may not match, and interference is suppressed when the polarization states do not match, resulting in a decrease in the contrast of the OCT image.
- the amount of change in polarization changes depending on the scanning angle corresponding to the external illumination angle
- the amount of change in polarization changes according to the imaging region of the fundus.
- the reflecting surfaces 30A and 32A of the elliptical mirror may not be perfectly elliptical due to manufacturing precision limits.
- the shape of the ellipsoidal surface of the elliptical mirror may vary even among a plurality of ophthalmologic apparatuses 110 due to errors in manufacturing the elliptical mirrors. Due to variations in shape during manufacture of these elliptical mirrors, each ophthalmologic apparatus 110 has a different polarization state.
- the change in the polarization state of the signal light (return light) suppresses the interference between the signal light (return light) and the reference light.
- the image quality of the captured OCT image deteriorates. For this reason, it is preferable to make the polarization state of each of the signal light and the reference light common according to the scanning angle at which the signal light is scanned. Further, it is more preferable to share the polarization state of each of the signal light and the reference light according to the fundus position (hereinafter referred to as scanning position) when the signal light is scanned.
- the fundus is spherical, and when the signal light is scanned through the center of the pupil, which is far from the center of the eyeball, the total optical path length of the signal light and the return light changes according to the scanning position. This is because it is possible to suppress the
- the relationship between the scanning angle and the polarization state of the signal light at that scanning angle can be derived in advance. Therefore, based on the relationship between the scanning angle and the polarization state of the signal light at that scanning angle, adjustment is performed to suppress the change in the polarization state of the signal light and the polarization state of the reference light at each scanning angle.
- the polarization state of each of the light and the reference light is made common.
- the relationship between this scanning angle and the polarization state of the signal light at that scanning angle is created in advance as a table, and the polarization state is adjusted according to the scanning angle when acquiring an OCT image.
- the CPU 16A of the control device 16 of the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 executes the table creation processing process included in the data processing program 17A, thereby realizing the table creation processing shown in FIG.
- the table creating process shown in FIG. 5 is performed by the creating unit 200 of the CPU 16A.
- the creation unit 200 confirms placement of the eye model on the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 . In this case, confirmation is made by the doctor or operator operating the input/display device 16E to instruct the completion of the placement of the model eye.
- a scanning range is set.
- the scanning range is the range in which signal light is scanned when acquiring an OCT image in the ophthalmologic apparatus 110, that is, the range of scanning angles.
- the scanning angle is set to an initial value. As an initial value, any scanning angle in scanning within the scanning range set in step S102 is predetermined. For example, a maximum scan angle is set.
- step S106 the eye model is scanned at the set scanning angle, and in step S108, the polarization state of the signal light obtained by scanning is acquired and stored. Specifically, the polarization state of signal light is measured and stored.
- a polarization measurement device such as a polarization camera is used to measure the polarization state.
- the polarimetry device is installed in the sensor 20B of the OCT unit 20.
- FIG. The sensor 20B of the OCT unit 20 according to this embodiment has a polarization measurement function and can operate as a polarization measurement device.
- a polarization camera which is an example of a polarization measurement device, is equipped with a polarizer having a different azimuth angle for each pixel on the light incident side of a line sensor and a two-dimensional sensor. , the azimuth angle (direction of polarization) can be measured as the polarization state of the incident light.
- a polarimeter can also be used as another example of the polarimeter. That is, the polarization state of light is measured by transmitting light through a polarizer and rotating the polarizer.
- a table TBw is set for each ophthalmologic apparatus 110 based on the standardized eye model. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the influence of changes in the polarization state caused by variations in shape during manufacture of the elliptical mirror. Therefore, any ophthalmologic apparatus 110 can be used to eliminate the influence of variations in polarization state in the eye to be examined and an optical system such as an elliptical mirror, and stable OCT imaging can be performed.
- step S110 the adjustment amount of the polarization adjustment unit 20F corresponding to the polarization state stored in step S108 is derived.
- the polarization adjustment section 20F adjusts the polarization state according to the driving amount of the drive section 20E.
- the relationship between the driving amount of the driving section 20E and the azimuth angle of the polarized light is known, and the driving amount of the polarization adjusting section 20F corresponding to the polarization state is derived as the adjustment amount.
- the scan angle in the direction along the optical axis passing through the center of the pupil and the center of the eyeball is used as a reference, and the drive amount from the polarization state of the signal light on that reference is used as the adjustment amount.
- step S112 the scanning angle, the polarization state, and the adjustment amount are associated and stored.
- step S114 it is determined whether or not scanning of the scanning angle covering the scanning range has been completed. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S118, and if the determination is negative, the process proceeds to step S116. In step S116, the scan angle is updated and the process returns to step S106. In step S118, each of the scanning angle, polarization state, and adjustment amount associated in step S112 is created and stored as a table TB.
- a table TBw is shown in FIG. 6 as an example of the table TB.
- the table TBw in the example shown in FIG. 6 associates the scanning angle ⁇ that determines the scanning position, the polarization state PZ corresponding to the scanning angle, and the adjustment amount W of the polarization adjusting section 20F.
- the table TBw is stored in the storage device 17 of the control device 16 as the table TB.
- the table TBw in the example shown in FIG. 8 shows the signal light when the scanning angle ⁇ in the direction along the optical axis passing through the center of the pupil and the center of the eyeball is used as the reference (0 degrees), and the scanning angle ⁇ is increased or decreased by 10 degrees.
- the adjustment amount W which is the driving amount for driving the polarization adjusting section 20F, are associated with each other.
- the range of scanning angles of ⁇ 70 degrees is shown in the table TB, but the range of scanning angles shown in FIG. 6 is not limiting.
- a predetermined range may be set such as a range of scanning angles of ⁇ 75 degrees and ⁇ 80 degrees, or a range of scanning angles of ⁇ 100 degrees corresponding to the field of view of a person.
- the range of scanning angles is not limited to being set evenly from the reference (0 degrees).
- a partial angular range within the scanning angle range of ⁇ 100 degrees may be set.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the table TB in which the scanning angle ⁇ for every 10 degrees, the polarization state PZ of the signal light, and the adjustment amount W are associated with each other. is not limited to the correspondence relationship between the polarization state PZ and the adjustment amount W of . For example, it may be less than 10 degrees or more than 10 degrees.
- the created table TB may be transmitted to the server 140 and acquired from the server 140 .
- the table data may be derived and stored at the time of setup such as installation of the apparatus, or may be stored in the server 140 and acquired.
- OCT Imaging Using Polarization Information of Table imaging processing using OCT by the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 will be described.
- the OCT imaging process shown in FIG. 7 is realized by the CPU 16A of the control device 16 of the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 executing the OCT imaging process included in the data processing program 17A.
- the setting unit 202 performs initial settings.
- the initial setting includes, for example, adjusting the optical system for focus and alignment in the ophthalmologic apparatus 110, performing control such as eye tracking that follows the movement of the eye, and identifying the subject. Refers to the process of accepting input of information. Further, in step S200, the reading process of the table TB described above is also performed.
- step S202 the SLO image acquisition unit 204 acquires an SLO image by executing SLO imaging, and then proceeds to step S208.
- a live SLO image is displayed on the input/display device 16E by executing the process of step S202 by the SLO image acquisition unit 204.
- FIG. The SLO image is displayed as a live view image on the input/display device 16E.
- the OCT image acquisition unit 206 acquires OCT images. Specifically, first, in step S206, the image acquisition unit 210 receives designation of a scanning range, which is an OCT imaging range. Specifically, the operator looks at the live SLO image displayed as the live view image on the input/display device 16E, and confirms the location where the OCT imaging is performed based on the data indicating the instruction sheet. The operator sets the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 so that OCT imaging is performed on the confirmed location. Specifically, for example, the operator operates the mouse to specify the scanning range 872, which is the OCT imaging range. That is, in step S ⁇ b>206 , image acquisition unit 210 accepts designation of scanning range 872 . A B-scan line is designated as the scanning range 872 . Note that the OCT imaging range may be specified as a C-scan rectangular range.
- step S208 OCT imaging is performed on the scanning range 872 with the polarization states of the signal light and the reference light being common.
- image acquisition unit 210 sets the scanning angle to an initial value.
- the initial value of the scanning angle for example, the maximum value or minimum value of the scanning angle within the scanning range is set.
- step S210 the table TB is referenced to acquire the polarization adjustment amount corresponding to the scanning angle. Scan the subject's eye in the adjusted state.
- step S216 the image acquisition unit 210 determines whether scanning of the scanning range has ended. If the determination in step S216 is negative, the scanning angle is incremented or decremented in step S218, the process returns to step S210, and the above process is repeated. When the scanning of the scanning range is completed and the determination in step S216 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S220. In step S ⁇ b>220 , the image acquiring unit 210 outputs to the image processing unit 212 a detection signal of interference light obtained by scanning the scanning range.
- step S222 the image processing unit 212 performs signal processing such as Fourier transform on the detection signal of the interference light to generate OCT data composed of a plurality of pieces of A-scan data. Then, image processing such as averaging processing and eyeball shape correction processing is performed on the OCT data to generate a tomographic image. After generating the tomographic image, the process proceeds to step S224.
- step S224 the image display unit 214 causes the input/display device 16E to display the tomographic image obtained by performing the image processing by executing the process of step S222, and then the process proceeds to step S226. Transition.
- FIG. 8 shows a tomographic image displayed on the input/display device 16E.
- the display screen 800 includes a tomographic image 810 and a navigation image in which an arrow 830 indicating the positional information of the tomographic image is superimposed on a reduced SLO image 820 as positional information about the position where the OCT data was acquired. ing.
- step S226 the transmission unit 208 transmits the image data representing the tomographic image obtained by the image processing performed in step S222 together with the identification information of the subject to the server 140. , terminate this data processing.
- OCT data may be sent to the server 140 together with the image data.
- the content of the control in step S212 described above is an example of the content of control by the control unit of the technique of the present disclosure.
- the server 140 transmits image data and the like to the viewer 150 based on a request from the viewer 150 .
- the viewer 150 causes the display 156 to display SLO images and OCT images, which are images of the eye to be inspected, based on the image data.
- the user can diagnose the subject's eye 12 while viewing the SLO image and the OCT image displayed on the display 156 .
- the signal light is scanned, and the return light reflected by the retina of the eye to be inspected is caused to interfere with the reference light branched from the signal light.
- the polarization state of the reference light is adjusted according to the scanning angle so that interference occurs when the tomographic region of the retina at the position in the depth direction is imaged.
- the second embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the polarization state of the polarization adjustment section 20F is measured, and the adjustment amount of the polarization adjustment section 20F is derived from the measurement result and stored as a table.
- the adjustment amount of the polarization adjuster 20F that optimizes the polarization state is experimentally determined and stored as a table.
- the table creation process shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by replacing steps S106 to S112 in the table creation process shown in FIG. 5 with steps S120 to S132.
- the table creating process shown in FIG. 9 is performed by the creating unit 200 .
- the creating unit 200 sets the scanning range and sets the scanning angle to an initial value.
- step S120 the adjustment amount of the polarization adjustment section 20F is set to the initial value.
- An example of an initial value is to set the azimuth angle of polarization to 0 degrees.
- step S122 similar to step S106 in FIG. 5, the model eye is scanned at the scanning angle set in step S104.
- step S124 the image contrast of the signal light obtained by scanning is obtained and stored as the polarization state of the signal light.
- step S126 it is determined whether or not the processing of steps S122 and S124 has been completed for the range in which the polarization state of the polarization adjustment unit 20F can be adjusted.
- step S126 the adjustment amount is updated by driving the polarization adjustment unit 20F by a predetermined adjustment amount in step S128. Specifically, by setting the drive amount of the drive unit 20E to a predetermined drive amount, the polarization state is adjusted to the updated adjustment amount.
- step S130 the optimum adjustment amount is derived in step S130. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, among the plurality of image contrasts stored in step S124, the maximum image contrast adjustment amount (indicated as the optimum value in FIG. 10) is set to the polarization adjustment at the set scanning angle. It is derived as an adjustment amount of the part 20F. Then, in step S132, the image contrast adjustment amount derived in step S130 and the scanning angle are associated and stored.
- steps S114 to S118 the correspondence between the scanning angles covering the scanning range and the adjustment amounts is created and stored as a table TB.
- Table TBv is shown in FIG. 11 as an example of table TB.
- the scanning angle ⁇ that determines the scanning position is associated with the adjustment amount V of the adjusting section 20F corresponding to the scanning angle.
- Table TBv is stored in storage device 17 of control device 16 as table TB.
- the table TBv in the example shown in FIG. 11 is based on the scanning angle ⁇ in the direction along the optical axis passing through the center of the pupil and the center of the eyeball, and the scanning angle ⁇ is increased or decreased by 10 degrees. It is associated with an adjustment amount V that is a drive amount for driving the portion 20F.
- the adjustment amount that provides the maximum contrast is derived based on the image contrast obtained by driving the polarization adjustment section 20F, so the polarization state is adjusted according to the actual equipment.
- the reference optical system 20G including the polarization adjustment section 20F such as a half-wave plate is provided.
- the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- the reference optical system 20G is provided with a depolarizer that emits light that is incident in a constant polarization state as non-polarized light instead of the polarization adjusting section 20F such as a half-wave plate. be.
- a mirror type depolarizer 20M is provided in the reference optical system 20G instead of the polarization adjustment unit 20F such as the half-wave plate shown in FIG. It is.
- the other signal light branched by the fiber coupler 20C has its polarization state adjusted by reflection at the mirror-type depolarizer 20M, and enters the sensor 20B via the fiber coupler 20D.
- the depolarizer 20M is connected to the drive unit 20E as described above, and adjusts the incident light into a polarized state according to the amount of drive of the drive unit 20E and emits the light.
- the reference optical system 20G in the optical path of the other light split by the fiber coupler 20C is provided with the polarization adjusting section 20F such as a half-wave plate.
- the technique of the present disclosure is not limited to providing the polarization adjusting section 20F only in the reference optical system 20G.
- the polarization adjusting section 20F may be provided between the fiber coupler 20C and the fiber coupler 20D, which is the optical path of the return light of the signal light, specifically, the optical path of the return light toward the sensor 20B.
- the polarization adjuster 20F may be provided on both the optical path of the other light split by the fiber coupler 20C and the optical path of the returned light toward the sensor 20B.
- the ophthalmic system 100 including the ophthalmic device 110, the axial length measuring device 120, the server 140, and the viewer 150 has been described as an example, but the technology of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- the axial length measuring device 120 may be omitted.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 may further have the functions of at least one of the server 140 and the viewer 150 . Accordingly, at least one of the server 140 and the viewer 150 corresponding to the functions of the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 can be omitted. Further, server 140 may be omitted and viewer 150 may perform the functions of server 140 .
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 has been described as an OCT unit using swept source type OCT (SS-OCT), a type other than the swept source type, for example, spectral domain OCT (SD- It can also be applied to an ophthalmic apparatus using OCT).
- SS-OCT swept source type OCT
- SD- It can also be applied to an ophthalmic apparatus using OCT.
- the ophthalmologic apparatus 110 having the SLO imaging system function and the OCT imaging system function has been described. It is also possible to combine OCT units having such configurations.
- the technique of the present disclosure can be applied to a stand-alone OCT apparatus including a control device, an OCT unit, and a wide-angle optical system.
- a stand-alone OCT apparatus is an ophthalmologic device specialized for acquiring an OCT image of an eye to be examined.
- a stand-alone OCT apparatus uses a front image generated from OCT volume data instead of an SLO image to determine an OCT imaging position.
- a CPU is used as an example of a general-purpose processor, but in the above, the processor refers to a processor in a broad sense, and may be a general-purpose processor (for example, CPU: Central Processing Unit, etc.) or , dedicated processors such as GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), programmable logic devices, etc.).
- the operations of the processors in the above-described embodiments may be performed not only by a single processor but also by a plurality of processors working together. It may be something that is made by working.
- data processing is realized by a software configuration using a computer
- data processing may be executed only by a hardware configuration such as FPGA or ASIC.
- a part of the data processing may be performed by a software configuration, and the rest of the data processing may be performed by a hardware configuration.
- a program written in computer-processable code for the above-described processes may be stored in a storage medium such as an optical disc and distributed.
Abstract
Description
光源からの光により被検眼を走査して得られた信号光と、前記光源からの光が分割された参照光との干渉光を検出する干渉光学系と、
前記信号光及び前記参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部と、
前記被検眼を走査した走査角度に応じて、前記調整部を制御する制御部と、
を備える。
前記眼科装置のプロセッサが行う制御方法であって、
信号光及び参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部の、OCTの信号光の走査角度に対応する、調整量を取得するステップと、
前記調整量に基づいて、前記調整部を制御するステップと、
を含む。
コンピュータに、
信号光及び参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部の、OCTの信号光の走査角度に対応する、調整量を取得するステップと、
前記調整量に基づいて、前記調整部を制御するステップと、
を実行させる。
図1を参照して、眼科システム100の構成の一例を説明する。
図1に示すように、眼科システム100は、眼科装置110と、眼軸長測定装置120と、サーバ装置(以下、「サーバ」という)140と、画像表示装置(以下、「ビューワ」という)150と、を備えている。眼科装置110は、眼底画像と断層画像とを取得する。眼軸長測定装置120は、被検者の眼軸長を測定する。サーバ140は、眼科装置110によって複数の被検者の眼底が撮影されることにより得られた複数の眼底画像及び眼軸長を、被検者のIDに対応して記憶する。ビューワ150は、サーバ140により取得した眼底画像や眼底画像を解析して得られたデータを表示する。眼底画像には、SLOで撮影されたSLO眼底画像や、OCTで撮影されたOCT画像(あるいは、断層画像とも称する)などが含まれる。
図2に示すように、眼科装置110は、撮影装置14および制御装置16を含む。撮影装置14は、被検眼の眼底を撮影する。制御装置16は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)16A、RAM(Random Access Memory)16B、ROM(Read-Only memory)16C、および入出力(I/O)ポート16Dを備えたコンピュータによって実現される。
眼科装置110は、本開示の技術の眼科装置の一例である。
データ処理プログラム17Aは、本開示の技術の眼科プログラムの一例である。
広角光学系19は、SLOユニット18からの光をX方向(水平方向)に光を偏向するポリゴンミラーなどで構成される第1光学スキャナ22と、OCTユニット10からの光をX方向(水平方向)に光を偏向するガルバノミラーなどによって構成される第2スキャナ24と、ダイクロイックミラー26と、Y方向(垂直方向)に光を偏向するガルバノミラーなどで構成する第3スキャナ29を含む共通光学系28を、含む。ダイクロイックミラー26で、SLO光の光路とOCT光の光路が合成され、SLO光とOCT光は、共通光学系28を介して被検眼12の瞳孔を通して眼底の撮影可能領域12Aに照射される。なお、撮影可能領域12Aは、眼球の中心Oからの内部照射角に換算すると約200度の範囲内である。
OCTユニット20は、本開示の技術の干渉光学系の一例である。また、偏光調整部20Fは、本開示の技術の調整部の一例である。
偏光調整部20Fの一例である1/2波長板は、本開示の技術の光学部材の一例である。
図3に示すように、共通光学系28は、第3光学スキャナ29の他に、スリットミラー30および楕円鏡32を含む。なお、ダイクロイックミラー26、スリットミラー30、および楕円鏡32が側面視端面図で表されている。なお、共通光学系28は、スリットミラー30および楕円鏡32に代えて、凹面鏡、放物面鏡、自由曲面鏡などのミラーや、複数のレンズ群を用いた構成でもよい。
データ処理プログラム17Aは、設定機能、SLO画像取得機能、OCT画像取得機能(画像取得機能、画像処理機能、画像表示機能)、送信機能を備えている。CPU16Aがこの各機能を有するデータ処理プログラム17Aを実行することで、CPU16Aは、図5に示すように、設定部202、SLO画像取得部204、OCT画像取得部206(画像取得部210、画像処理部212、画像表示部214)、送信部208として機能する。
最初に、眼科システム100の眼科装置110を使用するより前に、OCT画像を取得する場合に用いる偏光状態を調整する情報を収集する。収集した情報はテーブルTBとして記憶しておき、後述するOCT画像を取得する際に用いる。なお、テーブルTBのデータ(以下、テーブルデータという。)は、サーバ140へ送信し、サーバ140から取得してもよい。また、テーブルデータは、装置の設置時等のセットアップ時に導出して記憶してもよく、サーバ140に記憶しておき、取得してもよい。
なお、テーブルTBは、本開示の技術のテーブルの一例である。
眼科装置110の制御装置16のCPU16Aがデータ処理プログラム17Aに含まれるテーブル作成処理プロセスを実行することで、図5に示すテーブル作成処理が実現される。
先ず、ステップS100で、作成部200は、眼科装置110に模型眼の設置を確認する。この場合、医者またはオペレータが入力/表示装置16Eを操作して模型眼の設置の完了を指示することで、確認される。次のステップS102では、走査範囲を設定する。走査範囲とは、眼科装置110においてOCT画像を取得する場合に信号光を走査する範囲、すなわち走査角度の範囲である。次に、ステップS104では、走査角度を初期値に設定する。初期値はステップS102で設定された走査範囲の内を走査する場合における何れかの走査角度が予め定められる。例えば、最大の走査角度が設定される。
次に、眼科装置110によるOCTを用いた撮影処理を説明する。
眼科装置110の制御装置16のCPU16Aがデータ処理プログラム17Aに含まれるOCT撮影処理プロセスを実行することで、図7に示すOCT撮影処理が実現される。
ステップS224では、画像表示部214は、ステップS222の処理が実行されることによって画像処理が施されて得られた断層画像を、入力/表示装置16Eに表示させ、その後、本処理はステップS226へ移行する。
上述したステップS212の制御の内容は、本開示の技術の制御部による制御の内容の一例である。
次に、第2の実施形態を説明する。なお、第2の実施形態は、第1の実施形態と同様の構成のため、同一部分には同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
第1の実施形態では、偏光調整部20Fの偏光状態を測定し、測定結果から偏光調整部20Fの調整量を導出してテーブルとして記憶した。第2の実施形態は、偏光状態が最適になる偏光調整部20Fの調整量を実験的に求めてテーブルとして記憶するものである。
図9に示すテーブル作成処理のプロセスは、図5に示すテーブル作成処理におけるステップS106からステップS112の処理を、ステップS120からステップS132の処理に代えたものである。図9に示すテーブル作成処理は、作成部200によって行われる。
上記では、OCTユニット20の一例として、1/2波長板などの偏光調整部20Fを含む参照光学系20Gを備えた場合を説明した。本開示の技術はこれに限定されない。第1の変形例は、1/2波長板などの偏光調整部20Fに代えて、一定の偏光状態で入射された光を非偏光の光として射出するデポラライザを参照光学系20Gに備えたものである。
図12に示すように、変形例は、OCTユニット20の一例として、図2に示す1/2波長板などの偏光調整部20Fに代えて、ミラー型のデポラライザ20Mを参照光学系20Gに備えたものである。
ファイバカプラ20Cで分岐した他方の信号光は、ミラー型のデポラライザ20Mにおける反射により偏光状態が調整されて、ファイバカプラ20Dを介してセンサ20Bに入射する。デポラライザ20Mは、上述のように、駆動部20Eに連結されており、入射された光を、駆動部20Eの駆動量に応じた偏光状態に調整して射出する。
上記では、OCTユニット20の一例として、ファイバカプラ20Cで分割された他方の光の光路における参照光学系20Gに1/2波長板などの偏光調整部20Fを設けた場合を説明した。本開示の技術は、参照光学系20Gのみに偏光調整部20Fを設けることに限定されない。例えば、信号光の戻り光の光路、具体的には戻り光がセンサ20Bへ向かう光路であるファイバカプラ20Cとファイバカプラ20Dとの間に偏光調整部20Fを設けてもよい。また、ファイバカプラ20Cで分割された他方の光の光路、及び戻り光がセンサ20Bへ向かう光路の双方に偏光調整部20Fを設けてもよい。
上記では、OCT撮影位置を定めるためにSLO画像(UWFSLO画像)を用いる例を説明したが、眼底カメラによる眼底画像でもよいし、画角が比較的小さい(例えば、内部照射角で100°以下)のSLO眼科装置あるいは眼底カメラなど、さまざまな眼科装置で撮影された眼底画像でも適用できることは言うまでもない。
上記では、走査角度に応じて信号光と参照光の各々の偏光状態が共通になるように、信号光の偏光状態、及び参照光の偏光状態の少なくとも一方の偏光状態を調整する場合を説明した。本開示の技術は、走査角度に応じて偏光状態を調整することに限定されるのもではなく、例えば被検眼の眼底の走査位置に応じて、信号光と参照光の各々の偏光状態が共通になるように、偏光状態を調整してもよい。例えば、A-Scan単位で、信号光と参照光の各々の偏光状態が共通になるように、信号光の偏光状態、及び参照光の偏光状態の少なくとも一方の偏光状態を調整してもよい。
上記実施形態では、眼科装置110、眼軸長測定装置120、サーバ140、及びビューワ150を備えた眼科システム100を例として説明したが、本開示の技術はこれに限定されない。例えば、第1の例として、眼軸長測定装置120を省略してもよい。
また、第2の例として、眼科装置110が、サーバ140及びビューワ150の少なくとも一方の機能を更に有してもよい。これにより、眼科装置110が備える機能に対応するサーバ140及びビューワ150の少なくとも一方の装置を省略することができる。
更に、サーバ140を省略し、ビューワ150がサーバ140の機能を実行するようにしてもよい。
また、本開示の技術では、SLO撮影系機能及びOCT撮影系機能を有する眼科装置110について説明したが、眼底カメラ等の眼底撮影装置、スリットランプ、眼科手術用顕微鏡などと、本開示の技術に係る構成を有するOCTユニットを組み合わせることも可能である。
また、本開示の技術を、制御装置、OCTユニット及び広角光学系とから構成されるスタンドアローン型のOCT装置に適用することも可能である。スタンドアローン型のOCT装置とは、被検眼のOCT画像を取得することに特化した眼科機器である。スタンドアローン型のOCT装置では、OCT撮影位置を決定するにあたり、SLO画像に代えてOCTボリュームデータから生成した正面画像を用いる。
また、上記実施形態では、汎用的なプロセッサの一例としてCPUを用いて説明したが、上記において、プロセッサとは広義的なプロセッサを指し、汎用的なプロセッサ(例えばCPU: Central Processing Unit、等)や、専用のプロセッサ(例えばGPU(Graphics Processing Unit)、ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)、プログラマブル論理デバイス、等)を含むものである。
また、上述した実施形態におけるプロセッサの動作は、1つのプロセッサによって成すのみでなく、複数のプロセッサが連携して成すものであってもよく、物理的に離れた位置に存在する複数のプロセッサが協働して成すものであってもよい。
さらに、上述した実施形態における処理をコンピュータにより実行させるために、上述した処理をコンピュータで処理可能なコードで記述したプログラムを光ディスク等の記憶媒体等に記憶して流通するようにしてもよい。
Claims (10)
- 光源からの光により被検眼を走査して得られた信号光と、前記光源からの光が分割された参照光との干渉光を検出する干渉光学系と、
前記信号光及び前記参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部と、
前記被検眼を走査した走査角度に応じて、前記調整部を制御する制御部と、
を備えた眼科装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記被検眼を走査した走査角度に対応する前記被検眼を走査した位置に応じて、前記少なくとも一方の光路の偏光状態を調整する制御を行う
請求項1に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記調整部は、偏光の方向を調整する光学部材を含む、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記光学部材は、1/2波長板を含み、前記1/2波長板を回転することで偏光の方向を調整する、
請求項3に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記光学部材は、光路長を調整する反射部材を含み、前記反射部材の光軸方向の位置を調整することで偏光の方向を調整する、
請求項3又は請求項4に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記光学部材は、デポラライザを含み、前記デポラライザによる非偏光の光を射出することで、偏光の方向を調整する、
請求項3乃至請求項5の何れか1項に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記被検眼を走査する走査角度を検出し、
検出された走査角度に基づく調整量を算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6の何れか1項に記載の眼科装置。 - 前記調整部は、前記被検眼を走査した走査角度と前記偏光状態を調整する調整量とを対応付けて予め記憶されたテーブルに基づいて、前記調整量を導出する
請求項7に記載の眼科装置。 - 請求項1の眼科装置のプロセッサが行う制御方法であって、
信号光及び参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部の、OCTの信号光の走査角度に対応する、調整量を取得するステップと、
前記調整量に基づいて、前記調整部を制御するステップと、
を含む眼科装置の制御方法。 - コンピュータに、
信号光及び参照光の少なくとも一方の光路に配置され、前記信号光の偏光状態と前記参照光の偏光状態とが同じになるように、前記少なくとも一方の光路を伝播する光の偏光状態を調整する調整部の、OCTの信号光の走査角度に対応する、調整量を取得するステップと、
前記調整量に基づいて、前記調整部を制御するステップと、
を実行させるプログラム。
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JP2017184874A (ja) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-12 | 株式会社トプコン | 眼科撮影装置 |
JP2018102789A (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 株式会社ニデック | 光干渉断層撮像装置 |
JP2021112610A (ja) * | 2017-04-28 | 2021-08-05 | 株式会社ニコン | 画像処理方法及び眼科用画像システム |
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