WO2022214274A1

WO2022214274A1 - Fuel cell system and valve for a fuel cell system

Info

Publication number: WO2022214274A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/056658
Authority: WO
Inventors: Armin RICHTER; Hans-Christoph Magel
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-04-06
Filing date: 2022-03-15
Publication date: 2022-10-13
Also published as: DE102021203378A1

Abstract

A valve (100) for a fuel cell system (200) comprises: a valve housing (1) which defines an interior (10) and has an inlet (11) opening into the interior for feeding gaseous fuel into the interior and an outlet (12) leading out of the interior for discharging the fuel, which outlet extends along a longitudinal axis (LI) and comprises a diffusor portion (12B) widening along the longitudinal axis; and a valve body (2) which is located in the interior and which is movable between a closing position in which the valve body gas-tightly closes the outlet and at least one opening position in which the valve body opens the outlet.

Description

description

title

Fuel cell system and valve for a fuel cell system

technical field

The present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a valve for a fuel cell system.

State of the art

Fuel cells are increasingly used as energy converters, including in vehicles, to convert chemical energy stored in a fuel, such as hydrogen, directly into electrical energy together with oxygen. Fuel cells typically have an anode, a cathode, and an electrolytic layer sandwiched between the anode and the cathode. The fuel is oxidized at the anode and the oxygen is reduced at the cathode.

Typically, the anode of the fuel cell is continuously supplied with excess gaseous fuel, that is, more fuel than would be stoichiometrically necessary for a given amount of oxygen supplied to the cathode. The excess fuel is usually recirculated or fed back to the anode. In this case, a suction jet pump is generally provided in a supply line through which fuel is supplied to the fuel cell, the suction inlet of which is connected to a recirculation line connected to a fuel outlet of the fuel cell. A propulsion nozzle of the recirculation line is connected to a fuel source, with a shut-off valve and a flow control valve usually being provided between the fuel source and the ejector pump, to vary a fuel mass flow which is supplied to the ejector pump through the propulsion nozzle.

A shut-off valve for a fuel cell system is disclosed, for example, in JP 4398349 B2.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the invention, a valve having the features of claim 1 and a fuel cell system having the features of claim 9 are provided.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a valve for a fuel cell system comprises a valve housing, which defines an interior space, with an inlet opening into the interior space for supplying gaseous fuel into the interior space and an outlet opening out of the interior space for discharging the fuel, which extends along extends along a longitudinal axis and has a diffuser section that widens along the longitudinal axis, and a valve body arranged in the interior space, which can be moved between a closed position, in which the valve body closes the outlet gas-tight, and at least one open position, in which the valve body releases the outlet, wherein the valve body can be movable in particular along the longitudinal axis.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a fuel cell system is provided. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell arrangement with at least one fuel cell, a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, a supply line which is connected to the fuel inlet, and a valve according to the first aspect of the invention which is arranged in the supply line.

One idea on which the invention is based is to provide a valve arranged, for example, as a shut-off valve or flow control valve in a supply line of a fuel cell system with an outlet or drain, which is designed at least in sections as a diffuser. That is, a discharge channel through which gas flows out of the valve has a flow cross-section or diameter increasing in flow direction or along a longitudinal axis of the outlet. When the valve body is arranged in the open position, a fluid flow from the inlet into the interior space and from there through the outlet is made possible, with the static pressure in the fluid flow being increased due to the diffuser section.

It is therefore an advantage of the valve according to the invention that the diffuser section can at least partially compensate for pressure losses in the gas flow, which have occurred, for example, in hydraulic components located upstream of the valve. This makes it easier to supply fuel at a defined pressure to components located downstream of the valve, in particular the fuel cell and possibly a suction jet pump.

Advantageous refinements and developments result from the further dependent claims and from the description with reference to the figures of the drawing.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the outlet is formed as a channel that extends between a first opening facing the interior and a second opening formed on an outer surface of the valve housing, and wherein the diffuser section ends in the area of the second opening. In particular, the diffuser section can end at the second opening. In this case, an outlet cross section of the diffuser section corresponds to the cross section of the second opening. These embodiments offer the advantage that this further reduces pressure losses within the outflow channel. Irrespective of the arrangement of the diffuser section within the outlet, the outlet can be designed as a channel which extends along the longitudinal axis between a first opening facing the interior and a second opening formed on an outer surface of the valve housing. The inlet can also be designed as a channel or generally as an opening that is located between the outer surface of the housing and the interior of the Housing facing inner surface extends, for example, along a transverse to the longitudinal axis radial direction.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the outflow has a first section, which extends from the first opening and has a constant first flow cross section, and the diffuser section adjoins the first section along the longitudinal axis. In particular, the first section has a circular cross section. One advantage of the first section with a constant flow cross-section is that the circumference of the first section and a region of the housing surrounding the first opening can be configured so as to be essentially at right angles to one another, which advantageously reduces pressure losses when the fuel flows out of the interior of the housing.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the first section has a length along the longitudinal axis which is in a range between 1.5 times and 2.5 times the first flow cross section. The first section can thus be made relatively short, as a result of which the valve can advantageously be made more compact.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the diffuser section widens along the longitudinal axis from an inlet flow cross section to an outlet flow cross section, and at least one of the following geometric conditions is met: a) the outlet flow cross section is in a range between 1.2 times and the 1.8 times the inlet flow cross section, b) the diffuser section has a length along the longitudinal axis which is in a range between 2.5 times and 5 times the inlet flow cross section. Condition a) defines a moderate widening of the flow cross section of the diffuser section, particularly in combination with condition b). This is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of the pressure increase achieved by the diffuser section. They are particularly advantageous due to the conditions a) and b) defined geometries for a pressure range between 15 bar and 25 bar.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the valve has an actuator, which is kinematically coupled to the valve body, for moving the valve body between the closed position and the open position, with the actuator being set up to move the valve body between the closed position and exactly one further open position, or to move the valve body between the closed position and a plurality of further open positions in which different flow cross sections are formed between the valve body and a valve seat area of the housing surrounding the outlet. A clear width between the valve seat area, i.e. an area that surrounds an opening where the drain from the interior opens out, and the valve body can thus be set to exactly one value in the open position, e.g. to open the valve or in the closed position close. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the clear width between the valve seat area and the valve body can assume a large number of values, e.g. in order to vary the flow rate of gas. It can be possible to set a large number of discrete values for the clear width or to set the clear width steplessly.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the actuator has an armature connected to the valve body made of a magnetic or magnetizable material and a coil which encloses the armature and is designed to generate a magnetic field in order to move the armature, in particular along the longitudinal axis.

According to some embodiments, it can be provided that the fuel cell system has an ejector pump arranged in the supply line, which has a driving nozzle for connection to a fuel source and a suction inlet, and a recirculation line, which connects the fuel outlet to the suction inlet of the ejector pump, the valve being upstream of the Suction jet pump, in particular is arranged upstream of the driving nozzle. Through the diffuser section of the valve can at the Flow through the valve occurring pressure losses are reduced, which facilitates efficient operation of the ejector pump

According to some embodiments it can be provided that a shut-off valve and/or a flow control valve is arranged in the supply line, and wherein the shut-off valve and/or the flow control valve is formed by the valve according to one of the preceding embodiments. An advantage of designing the shut-off valve and/or the flow control valve in the manner described above is that a pressure recovery of any losses that may occur at the outlet of the valve takes place, so that the pressure losses that occur when flowing through are advantageously reduced.

Here, a “flow cross-section” can be understood in particular as a diameter, where in the case of a non-circular cross-section the diameter corresponds to that of a circle which has the same surface area as the non-circular cross-section.

The invention is explained below with reference to the figures of the drawings. From the figures show:

1 shows a schematic representation of a hydraulic circuit diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a valve for a

Fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the valve shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

In the figures, the same reference symbols designate identical or functionally identical components, unless otherwise stated. 1 shows a purely schematic hydraulic circuit diagram of a fuel cell system 200. The fuel cell system 200 has a fuel cell arrangement 201, a supply line 202, a shut-off valve 100A and/or a flow control valve 100B. Optionally, the fuel cell system 200 may further include a control device 230 . As also shown in FIG. 1, a recirculation line 203 and a suction jet pump 220 can also optionally be provided. A fuel source S shown symbolically in FIG. 1 , for example in the form of a tank, can also be part of the fuel cell system 200 .

The fuel cell arrangement 201 is shown only schematically in FIG. 1 and has at least one fuel cell 210 . For example, the fuel cell arrangement 201 can have a fuel cell stack or stack in which a multiplicity of fuel cells 201 are electrically connected in series. As shown symbolically in Fig. 1, the fuel cell 210 has an anode 210A, a cathode 210B and an electrolyte layer 210C arranged between anode 210A and cathode 210B, for example in the form of a membrane. As also shown in Fig. 1, the fuel cell arrangement 201 has a fuel inlet 211, via which the fuel cell or cells 210 can be supplied with fuel, e.g. hydrogen, from the fuel source S to the anode 210A, and a fuel outlet 212, via which non-reacting Fuel can be removed from the anode 210A. In the same way, the fuel cell arrangement 201 can have an oxygen inlet (not shown) via which the fuel cell or cells 210 can be supplied with oxygen, e.g. from the ambient air, to the cathode 210B, and an oxygen outlet (not shown) via which the reaction products of of the cathode 210B can be discharged. The at least one fuel cell 210 is thus set up to convert the chemical energy stored in the fuel together with oxygen directly into electrical energy.

As also shown schematically in FIG. 1 , the supply line 202 is connected to the fuel inlet 211 in a fluidically conducting manner. Furthermore, the supply line 202 can be connected to the fuel source S or have a connection 202A for connection to the fuel source S . As in Fig. 1 by way of example 1, a shut-off valve 100A and a flow control valve 100B can be arranged in the supply line 202 in series or hydraulically connected in series. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to provide only one of the two valves 100A, 100B. As further illustrated in FIG. 1 , the shut-off valve 100A may be positioned between the flow control valve 100B and the port 202A, if desired.

Flow control valve 100B is configured to vary a flow or mass flow of fuel through supply line 202 . For example, the flow control valve 100B can be connected to the control device 230 in a signal-conducting manner, wherein the control device 230 can be set up to generate an actuating signal which causes the flow control valve 100B to change its open or closed state. For this purpose, the control device 230 can be signal-connected to a pressure sensor 206, for example, which detects a pressure of the fuel at a point downstream between the flow control valve 100B and the fuel inlet 211 of the fuel cell arrangement 201, in particular at the fuel inlet 211, and be set up to transmit the control signal based on the detected to generate pressure. In particular, the controller 230 may be an electronic controller and may include, for example, a processor such as a CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or the like, and non-volatile data storage such as a hard disk, flash memory, or the like.

The shut-off valve 100A can be switched in particular between a closed position, in which the shut-off valve 100A closes off the supply line 202 in a fluid-tight manner and thus does not allow any fuel mass flow through the supply line 202, and an open position, in which the shut-off valve 100A allows a fluid mass flow from the connection 202A to the fuel inlet 211. The shut-off valve 100A can also be connected to the control device 230 and can be switched by a control signal generated by the control device.

A pressure regulator 208 can optionally also be installed between the connection 202A and the flow control valve 100B, in particular between the shut-off valve 100A and the terminal 202A. The pressure regulator 208 is designed to reduce the pressure with which the fuel source S provides the gaseous fuel. For example, the fuel can be stored in the fuel cell S at a pressure in the range of 700 bar, with the pressure regulator 208 reducing the pressure of the fuel to a predetermined value, eg to a value in a range between 15 bar and 25 bar.

The optional ejector pump 220 can be arranged in particular between the flow control valve 100B and the fuel inlet 211 of the fuel cell arrangement 201 in the supply line 202, as is shown in FIG. 1 by way of example. As shown schematically in FIG. 1 , the ejector pump 220 has a propulsion nozzle 221 and a suction inlet 222 . The propulsion nozzle 221 is connected to a section of the supply line 202 coming from the connection 202A and thus receives a fuel mass flow which is present at high pressure, e.g. in a range between 15 bar and 25 bar. The suction inlet 222 of the ejector pump 220 is connected to the fuel outlet 212 of the fuel cell arrangement 201 by the recirculation line 203 . The ejector pump 220 thus sucks in unreacted fuel from the fuel outlet 212 via the recirculation line 203 due to the entrainment effect of the driving nozzle 221 . As is further shown in FIG. 1 , a recirculation fan 204 can optionally be arranged in the recirculation line 203 between the fuel outlet 212 and the suction inlet 222 of the ejector pump 220 in order to facilitate the transport of fuel to the suction inlet 222 . Furthermore, a water separator 205 can be arranged between the fuel outlet 212 and the suction inlet 222 of the ejector pump 220, in particular between the fuel outlet 212 and the recirculation fan 204 in the recirculation line 203, as shown schematically in FIG. The water separator 205 is configured to separate water that may be contained in the unreacted fuel.

A valve 100 is shown as an example in FIG. 2 . FIG. 3 shows an enlarged partial view of the valve 100 shown in FIG. 2. The valve 100 shown in FIGS. Valve 100 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be used, for example, as a flow control valve 100B and/or as a shut-off valve 100A may be installed in the fuel cell system 200 shown in FIG. As shown schematically in Fig. 2, the valve 100 comprises a valve housing 1, a valve body 2 and an actuator 3.

The valve housing 1 can have a first housing part 110 and a second housing part 120, for example. As shown schematically in FIG. 2 , the first housing part 110 can have a base plate 111 and a sleeve body 112 which extends from the base plate 111 and defines a sleeve longitudinal axis L112 which extends transversely to the base plate 111 . The second housing part 120 can be a block-shaped part, for example, which is arranged in an end of the sleeve body 112 that faces away from the base plate 111 and is connected to it. For example, the second housing part 120 can be at least partially inserted into an opening 113 of the sleeve body 112, which is located away from the base plate 111, as is shown in FIG. 2 by way of example. The first housing part 110 and the second housing part 120 thus define an interior space 10. The valve housing 1 is not limited to the configuration shown, but generally defines an interior space 10.

As also shown in FIG. 2, the housing 1 has an inlet 11 opening into the interior 10 and an outlet 12 which establishes a fluidically conductive connection between the interior 10 and an outside of the housing 1 or the environment. The inlet 11 can be arranged, for example, as an inner surface facing the interior space 10 and an outer surface of the sleeve body 112, which extends along a sleeve radial direction R112 perpendicular to the sleeve longitudinal axis L112. The outer surface of the sleeve body 112 is part of an outer surface la of the housing 1. The outlet 12 can be designed as a channel which extends along a longitudinal axis LI between a first opening 13 of the housing 1 facing the interior 10 and a second opening 14 of the housing 1 extends. The longitudinal axis LI of the outflow or outlet 12 can optionally run parallel to the longitudinal axis L112 of the sleeve and in particular coaxially to the longitudinal axis L112 of the sleeve, as shown in FIG. 2 by way of example. As shown by way of example in FIG. 2, the outlet 12 can be formed in particular in the second housing part 120, the first opening 13 being at one of the Base plate 111 facing first end face 120i of the second housing part 120 and the second opening 14 is formed on an opposite to this arranged second end face 120a of the second housing part 120, which is part of the outer surface la of the housing 1.

As shown schematically in FIG. 2, the outflow 12 has a diffuser section 12B and optionally also a first section 12A. In particular, the first portion 12A may extend from the first opening 13 a length 111 along the longitudinal axis LI and has a constant diameter or flow cross-section dll, e.g., a circular cross-section. One length 111 of the first section 12A of the outlet 12 can, for example, be in a range between 1.5 times and 2.5 times the first flow cross section dll.

As is also shown schematically in FIG. 2 , the diffuser section 12B has a flow cross section that increases along the longitudinal axis LI in the direction of the second opening 14 . In particular, the diffuser section 12B widens along the longitudinal axis LI from an inlet flow cross section d21 to an outlet flow cross section d22 and has a length 121 along the longitudinal axis LI. It can be provided that the outlet flow cross section d22 is in a range between 1.2 times and 1.8 times the

Input flow cross section d21 is located. Alternatively or additionally, the length 121 of the diffuser section 12B can be in a range between 2.5 times and 5 times the inlet flow cross section d21.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 2 , the diffuser section 12B may adjoin the first section 12A or extend from the first section 12A with respect to the longitudinal axis LI. Alternatively, the diffuser section 12 B can also extend directly from the first opening 13 . As is further illustrated in FIG. 2 , provision can optionally be made for the diffuser section 12A to end at the second opening 14 . But it is also conceivable that the diffuser section 12A ends at a certain distance from the second opening 14 and between the end of the diffuser section 12A and the second opening 14 a second section with constant Flow cross section is provided. In general, the diffuser section 12B can end in the area of the second opening 14 .

The inlet 11 is designed for connection to a section of the supply line 202 coming from the fuel source S or to a section of the supply line 202 facing the connection 202A. The outlet 12 is designed for connection to a section of the supply line 202 connected to the fuel inlet 211 of the fuel cell arrangement 201 . Thus, gaseous fuel can be conducted via the inlet 11 into the interior 10 of the housing 1 and through the outlet 12 from this.

The valve body 2 is shown only schematically in FIG. 2 and has a closure body 20 for covering or closing the first opening 13 or the outlet 12 in general in a gas-tight manner. Optionally, an elastomer coating 21 can be provided on an end face of the closure body 20 facing the outlet 12 . In the figs. 2 and 3, the valve body 2 is shown in a closed position in which it closes the outlet 12 in a gas-tight manner. As in Figs. 2 and 3, the valve body 2 rests in the closed position on a valve seat 15 surrounding the first opening 13. The valve seat 15 is defined by the surface area surrounding the first opening 13, which can be formed by part of the first end face 120i of the first housing part 120, for example. As shown by way of example in Fig. 3, the valve seat 15 can optionally have a sealing edge 16, which can be formed, for example, by a projection formed through the first end face 120i and surrounding the first opening 13. The valve body 2 can be moved between the closed position and at least one open position, in which the valve body 2 releases the outlet 12 or the first opening 13 .

The valve body 2 can, for example, be moved between the closed position and the open position with the aid of the actuator 3 . As shown schematically in FIG. 2 , the actuator 3 can in particular have an armature 30 made of a magnetic or magnetizable material and a conductor coil 31 . The armature 30 is connected to the valve body 2 . For example, an actuating rod 32 can be provided which extends between a first end 31A and a second end 32B. As shown schematically in Fig. 2, the actuating rod 32 can extend through an opening formed in the housing 1, for example an opening 114 formed in the base plate 111 of the first housing part 110, into the interior 10, optionally along the longitudinal axis L112 and/or of the sleeve along the longitudinal axis LI of the drain 12. As exemplified in Fig. 2, the valve body 2 may be attached to the first end 32A of the actuating rod 32, and the armature 30 may be located in one between the first and second ends 32A, 32B Located area may be connected to the actuating rod 32, in particular in an area that is located outside of the interior 10 of the housing 1.

The coil 31 encloses the armature 30 with respect to the sleeve radial direction R112 or with respect to a radial direction RI perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LI. The coil 31 can be mechanically connected to the housing 1 . For example, an actuator housing 38 can be provided, in which the coil 31 is accommodated and which is attached to the housing 1, in particular to the first housing part 110. As shown schematically in FIG protrudes from the base plate 111 on a side of the base plate 111 opposite to the sleeve body 112 and protrudes into a region between the coil 31 and the armature 30, as is shown schematically and purely by way of example in FIG. It would also be conceivable to fix the coil 31 to the fastening section 115 as an alternative or in addition to the fastening of the actuator housing 31 . In general, the coil 31 can be arranged stationary in relation to the housing 1 . When an electric current flows through the coil 31, it generates a magnetic field which exerts a force on the armature and moves it, in particular along the longitudinal axis LI or L112, so that the valve body 2 is lifted from the first opening 13.

It is conceivable that the coil 31 is energized in such a way that the actuator 3 is set up to move the valve body 2 between the closed position and exactly one further open position. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the actuator is set up to move the valve body 2 between the closed position and a large number of other open positions, in which different flow cross sections or clear widths are formed between the valve body 2 and the valve seat 15 in order to control the fuel mass flow through the outlet 12 in stages or infinitely variable.

As also shown in FIG. 2, the valve body 2 can be prestressed into the closed position by means of a prestressing device 33 . For example, the prestressing device 33 can be supported on the second end 32B of the actuating rod 32, in particular via a support plate 34, and on a holder 35 which is stationary in relation to the housing 1. As is shown by way of example in FIG. The carrier sleeve 37 can enclose the longitudinal axis L1 or L112 and can be fixedly connected to the housing 1, in particular to the fastening section 115 of the first housing part 110, by a clamping device 36.

Although the present invention has been explained above by way of example using exemplary embodiments, it is not limited thereto but can be modified in many different ways. In particular, combinations of the above exemplary embodiments are also conceivable.

Claims

Expectations

1. Valve (100) for a fuel cell system (200), comprising: a valve housing (1) which defines an interior space (10), with an inlet (11) opening into the interior space (10) for supplying gaseous fuel into the interior space (10) and an outlet (12) opening out of the interior (10) for discharging the fuel, which extends along a longitudinal axis (LI) and has a diffuser section (12B) that widens along the longitudinal axis (LI); and a valve body (2) arranged in the interior (10) which can be moved between a closed position, in which the valve body (2) closes the outlet (12) in a gas-tight manner, and at least one open position, in which the valve body (2) closes the outlet (12) releases.

2. Valve (100) according to claim 1, wherein the outlet (12) is designed as a channel which extends between a first opening (13) facing the interior (10) and a first opening (13) on an outer surface (la) of the valve housing (1). formed second opening (14), and wherein the diffuser section (12B) ends in the region of the second opening (14).

3. Valve (100) according to claim 2, wherein the outlet (12) has a first section (12A) which extends from the first opening (13) and has a constant first flow cross section (dll), and wherein the diffuser section ( 12B) adjoins the first section (12A) along the longitudinal axis (LI).

4. The valve (100) of claim 3, wherein the first portion (12A) has a circular cross-section.

The valve (100) of claim 3 or 4, wherein the first portion (12A) has a length (111) along the longitudinal axis (LI) ranging from 1.5 times to 2.5 times of the first flow cross section (dll).

6. Valve (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser section (12 B) widens along the longitudinal axis (LI) from an inlet flow cross section (d21) to an outlet flow cross section (d22), and at least one of the following geometric conditions is met : the outlet flow area (d22) is in a range between 1.2 times and 1.8 times the inlet flow area (d21); the diffuser section (12 B) has a length (121) along the longitudinal axis (LI) which is in a range between 2.5 times and 5 times the inlet flow cross-section (d21).

7. Valve (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, additionally comprising: an actuator (3) kinematically coupled to the valve body (2) for moving the valve body (2) between the closed position and the open position; wherein the actuator (3) is set up to move the valve body (2) between the closed position and precisely one further open position, or to move the valve body (2) between the closed position and a large number of further open positions, in which different flow cross-sections between the valve body (2) and a valve seat area (15) of the housing (1) surrounding the outlet (12).

8. Valve (100) according to claim 7, wherein the actuator (3) has an armature (30) connected to the valve body (2) made of a magnetic or magnetizable material and a coil (31) which encloses the armature (30) and is set up to a magnetic field generate to move the armature (30), in particular along the longitudinal axis (LI).

9. Fuel cell system (200), comprising: a fuel cell assembly (201) having at least one fuel cell (210), a fuel inlet (211) and a fuel outlet (212); a supply line (202) connected to the fuel inlet (211); and a valve (100) according to any one of the preceding claims located in the supply line (202).

10. Fuel cell system (200) according to claim 9, additionally comprising: an ejector pump (220) arranged in the supply line (202) and having a propulsion nozzle (221) for connection to a fuel source (S) and a suction inlet (222); and a recirculation line (203) which connects the fuel outlet (212) to the suction inlet (222) of the ejector pump (220); wherein the valve (100) is arranged upstream of the ejector pump (220).

11. The fuel cell system (200) according to claim 9, wherein a shut-off valve (100A) and/or a flow control valve (100B) is arranged in the supply line (202), and wherein the shut-off valve (100A) and/or the flow control valve (100B) is/are connected through the Valve (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is formed.