WO2022213685A1 - 一种有活动特征的透明地球仪 - Google Patents

一种有活动特征的透明地球仪 Download PDF

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WO2022213685A1
WO2022213685A1 PCT/CN2022/000027 CN2022000027W WO2022213685A1 WO 2022213685 A1 WO2022213685 A1 WO 2022213685A1 CN 2022000027 W CN2022000027 W CN 2022000027W WO 2022213685 A1 WO2022213685 A1 WO 2022213685A1
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earth
motion
core
vortex
globe
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于日华
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于日华
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B27/00—Planetaria; Globes
    • G09B27/08—Globes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology

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  • the invention relates to an earth model, in particular to an earth model instrument used to reveal the physical properties, geological structure, movement laws and active characteristics of the earth's interior.
  • the earth is the common home of thousands of life, and human beings have lived on this beautiful blue planet for generations. From the ancients' cognition of the roundness of the sky to the establishment of the heliocentric theory, from the measurement of the size of the earth to the weighing of the earth's mass, from the confirmation of the earth's rotation by the Foucault pendulum to the understanding of the four-season climate change caused by revolution, from the detection of seismic waves Knowing the existence of the Moho surface to the deep layering of the Earth on the Gutenberg surface, from the study of ancient geomagnetism to the textual research of paleontological fossils, from the crossing of the polar ice and snow world to the investigation of the dark and deep ocean, all these are the hardships of countless ancestors. The achievements of exploration and continuous efforts to cognition fully illustrate the expectations of human beings for cognition of the earth.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a different earth model from the existing globe, which includes the main contents of the existing globe, especially an earth model that further reveals the physical properties, geological structure and movement laws of the earth's interior.
  • the model of the present invention has three forms of expression.
  • One is to form a hollow sphere by layered positioning and combination of warp and weft meshes from the outside to the inside. Different motion modules are designed on each layer according to the actual situation, and finally the outer surface is covered with different sea and land marks.
  • Transparent materials that form an overall transparent globe pattern.
  • One is the mode of modular assembly into spheres layered from the inside to the outside.
  • Another method is to use AR technology to demonstrate the mode of the movement state of each unit layered from the inside to the outside.
  • the first mode is highlighted here.
  • the earth is stratified by Moholovich who first discovered the different wave speeds of seismic waves. Now it is divided into 8 layers, which are represented by the letters ABCDEFGH; A layer is the crust from the surface to the Moho surface as a solid; B layer is from the Moho surface to the soft surface.
  • the Bayerle surface at the bottom of the stratosphere, the asthenosphere is partially melted material; the C layer is from the Bayerle surface to the Rebaudi surface, the BC is the upper mantle, the lower mantle D layer is from the Rebaudi surface to the Gutenberg surface, The mantle is liquid-solid matter.
  • the outer core E layer is liquid from the Gutenberg surface to 4700 kilometers
  • the F layer is the transition layer of the core from 4700 kilometers to the Lyman surface
  • the inner core G layer is solid from the Lyman surface to the core
  • H is the Luhua Earth.
  • the eight layers are scaled down, and the latitude and longitude mesh is used as the skeleton to make a sphere, and the north and south poles are used as the coaxial axis to form a concentric coaxial 7-layer grid leaking sphere from the inside to the outside, from small to large.
  • the crust A layer is divided into the Eurasian plate, the African plate, the Antarctic plate, the Pacific plate, the American plate, the Indian Ocean plate according to the Wegener continental drift theory and the plate tectonics theory of Le Pichon, Mackenzie and Morgan. Identification and direction of movement.
  • the global mid-ocean ridge is about 80,000 km, from the Lomonosov Ridge in the Arctic Ocean to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Indian Ocean ridge, and finally with the East Pacific Ridge, which Corresponding to the oceanic ridges are the main mountain ranges and volcanoes at the trench island chain, the Benioff belt and the ground suture.
  • the trench island chain in the Pacific Ocean mainly includes Mariana, Tonga, Japan, Thousand Islands, Aleutian, Philippines, Ogasawara, Palau, Peru, Chile, China and the United States.
  • the Atlantic Trench has Puerto Rico, South Sandwich, Romansh, Cayman, Domega and so on.
  • the Indian Ocean Trench has Amirante, Java, Vima, Ob, Mauritius and Chagos.
  • the Arctic Ocean trenches are mainly Litek and Ferama, and the main mountain ranges are the Alps, the Cordillera and the Himalayas.
  • the EFG layer of the earth's core determines the motion state of the outer core and the inner core according to various phenomena of the earth's magnetic field.
  • the Gutenberg surface is the location where the weak current generating the original magnetic field occurs
  • the liquid outer core of the E layer is the The vortex movement state from east to west
  • the vortex axis is the axis connecting the north and south magnetic poles
  • the inner core is in a state of circular displacement movement from east to west relative to the surface.
  • the Americas and Asia are the downward local vortex points
  • Africa and the South Atlantic are the upward local vortex points, which are mostly associated with mantle plumes and gravity field anomalies.
  • the center of the earth H is the Luhua earth motion center, including three parts, one is the center of the earth is the center of motion of the entire earth, one is the displacement trajectory of the center point of the inner core, one year is a spiral column type, and the other is the liquid outer core vortex
  • the line connecting the motion center is the magnetic axis.
  • the shape, movement direction and trajectory of the above units are realized by dynamic LED lights.
  • the sphere is connected with the power switch and with the semi-circular bracket, and the bracket is slidably connected with the base, which is convenient for front display, so that the whole globe is completed.
  • Figure 1 is the overall photo of this globe
  • Figure 2 Diagram of the movement law of each unit in the interior of the earth
  • the layers of the earth are mainly divided according to the different speed of seismic waves.
  • Wilson proposed the concept of hotspots in order to explain the age gradation of volcanic island chains.
  • hotspots on land such as the White Anobun-Principe-Cameroon volcano.
  • Shigeru Maruyama put forward the theory of mantle plume structure.
  • the hot and cold mantle plume convection is the main form of heat conduction in the earth, and runs through the entire evolution of the earth.
  • the large-scale magma controlled by the local mantle plume was ejected to the surface to form a very large overflow basalt area, that is, the Great Igneous Rock province.
  • the Great Igneous province of Northwest China has an area of 2.5X106km2.
  • the Great Igneous Rock province of Mount Emei and the Deccan Plateau are also the Great Igneous Rock province of Mount Emei and the Deccan Plateau.
  • the South Atlantic large igneous province split Gondwana and most of the large igneous provinces are closely related to mass extinction, and most of them are related to asteroid impact.
  • the movement law of the crust is mainly revealed by continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics.
  • the movement law of the mantle is mainly shown by hot spots, mantle plumes, and hot and cold superpolar mantle plumes, while the movement law of the core is mainly based on the law of the earth's magnetic field. judge.
  • the distribution of the dipole magnetic field is the same as that of the magnetic field generated by a magnet bar placed inside the earth.
  • the magnetic field strength is 0.3-0.4 Gauss at the magnetic equator, and gradually increases to the two poles, and reaches 0.6-0.7 Gauss near the two poles.
  • the magnetic dip is zero at the magnetic equator and +90° at the poles.
  • the Curie point of the magnet is 770°C, and this temperature can be reached at 25KM underground, and the temperature in the core is 4000°C. -6000°C, so it can only be the induced magnetic field formed by the ground current.
  • the basic principle of electrical current is the directional movement of electric charges.
  • the basic method of generating induced current is to cut the magnetic field line of part of the conductor of the closed circuit, which will generate induced current. It is characterized by the law of second order, which increases inversely and decreases in the same way.
  • the free electron rotation hypothesis believes that the electrons outside the nucleus of the material under high temperature and high pressure will accelerate and escape outward, and a negative electric field will be formed due to the rotation of the earth, and then a magnetic field will be generated.
  • the magnetic field strength generated by this hypothesis is too weak.
  • a circular displacement motion from east to west is generated relative to the surface, thereby displacing the liquid outer core to do a vortex motion from east to west. Whether it is due to the inertial centrifugal force or the eccentric force of the sun's gravitational force, it will cause the inner core to deviate from the center of the earth, resulting in circular displacement motion, but the ultimate source of force is universal gravitation.
  • the outer core and the mantle force the inner core to return to the earth's center, and the reaction force of the force that forces the inner core to return to the earth's center is the main reason for the westward drift of the continent.
  • the inner core drives the outer core to do a vortex motion to stir, the direction of the force is radial movement from the inside to the outside, and the opposite force is from the outside to the inside, so the vortex motion that moves the outer core to cut the original weak magnetic field is formed.
  • the enhanced current in turn generates the geomagnetic field.
  • stirring the outer core a large amount of thermal energy is formed, which also provides kinetic energy for the convection of the mantle plume, which in turn causes the plates to drift and move in different directions. This explains not only the power source of continental drift, but also the energy source of the geomagnetic field, and can explain various known phenomena of the geomagnetic field.
  • the outer core of the earth is liquid, and the power generated by the earth's revolution and rotation cannot be rigidly transmitted to the inner core, but can only be transmitted flexibly through the liquid. Therefore, the sun's universal gravitational force causes the circular displacement of the inner core to move.
  • the outer core does vortex motion to generate a magnetic field.
  • the inner core is facing the sun and the earth's rotation axis is inclined to the ecliptic plane. The difference between the two forms a magnetic declination angle.
  • the inner core is gravitationally affected by the sun and is also carried by the earth itself. The forcing force continuously adjusts the motion attitude of the outer core vortex, thereby causing the magnetic pole to move and the magnetic declination to change.
  • the geomagnetic field is generated by the vortex motion of the inner core stirring the outer core.
  • This process is the enhanced magnetic field generated by the liquid radially cutting the original weak magnetic field, that is, as long as the liquid moves radially A new magnetic field is created.
  • the inner core also converts the gravitational potential energy into heat energy through friction, and then generates a vortex moving radially from the inside to the outside.
  • the vortices from the outside to the inside are caused by the material that enters the outer core due to the gravitational differentiation of the mantle, and these two kinds of vortices generate local magnetic field anomalies, and this continental magnetic field is mostly associated with the mantle plume.
  • the African magnetic anomaly corresponds to the African super-hot mantle plume
  • the East Asian magnetic anomaly corresponds to the Eurasian super-cold mantle plume.
  • the westward drift of the geomagnetic field is one of the most important features of the long-term change of the geomagnetic field, and it is also one of the test signs of the geomagnetic genesis theory. It includes magnetic declination, zero declination line, non-dipole magnetic field, isovariate line.
  • the geomagnetic field is generated by the vortex movement from east to west by the inner core stirring the liquid outer core, and each unit of the geomagnetic field naturally drifts westward as the liquid flows westward, but the drift speed is much lower than the liquid moving speed.
  • the continental magnetic field is formed in two ways. One is that the energy material is released from the inside to the outside to form a radial Magnetic anomalies produced by motion. Such as the African anomaly, its main location is in the outer core, so it moves faster with the core. One is the magnetic anomaly caused by the radial movement of material from the mantle into the outer core, such as the East Asian continental magnetic anomaly, whose main location is determined by the mantle, which is relatively unmoved; the resulting continental magnetic anomaly moves less. In addition, the motion state of the outer core is poor, so the different positions of the continental magnetic field also determine the different rates of westward movement.
  • the geomagnetic field is generated by the inner core moving the outer core vortex motion, the force is the sun, and the inner core is displaced only under the combined action of the earth's rotation, thus moving the entire outer core into a spherical rotation
  • the body direction is from east to west
  • the magnetic axis is the vortex axis
  • the magnetic pole is the intersection of the vortex axis extending to the surface.
  • the movement of the earth also includes the movement of the earth's core, which makes the movement posture of the earth's core continuously adjust, and then causes the magnetic pole to move. Because the magnetic axis rotation axis is formed by the earth's rotation and revolution, the two generally coincide.
  • the magnetic pole is the central axis of the magnetic field, that is, the outer core vortex axis, and the outer core vortex is caused by the inner core, so the daily trajectory of the magnetic pole is related to the movement of the inner core.
  • the polarity of the geomagnetic field is reversed; the polarity inversion of the geomagnetic field is one of the main research results of paleomagnetism, and it is also one of the important test marks for the theory of the origin of the geomagnetic field.
  • the earth's magnetic field is formed by the ground current.
  • the basic form of current generation is that part of the conductors of the closed circuit do the movement of cutting the original magnetic field, and a current is formed in the circuit.
  • the conditions for the formation of the current mentioned here are: (1) closed circuit, (2) Some conductors do the motion of cutting magnetic field lines, (3) the original magnetic field.
  • the liquid outer core is equivalent to a closed circuit without the problem of turning.
  • the vortex motion of the liquid outer core performs radial motion, which is equivalent to the cutting motion of some conductors.
  • This is the radial motion generated by the inner core displacement stirring the outer core, and the inner core displacement is caused by the gravity of the sun and the revolution and rotation of the earth, because the sun It is impossible to hit the west side, so the direction of cutting the magnetic field lines cannot be changed.
  • the only condition that can change the direction of the current is the original magnetic field, that is to say, the reversal of the geomagnetic polarity is formed because the direction of the original magnetic field changes, and the original magnetic field is formed by the change of the direction of the original weak current, and the direction of the original weak current is formed.
  • the most fundamental reason for the change is that the electrons outside the nuclei that make up matter can move freely.
  • the earth's core as a large atom.
  • the inner core performs the circular displacement to replace the outer core's vortex motion, the gravitational potential energy is converted into heat energy, so that the extra-nuclear electrons of this large atom of the earth's core obtain kinetic energy and escape to the mantle.
  • the electrons escaping from the continuous movement of the core form a negative electron flow from west to east, and a weak current from east to west is formed at the core-mantle boundary to generate the original weak magnetic field.
  • the volume of the core is limited, the large atom in the core loses all the electrons that can be lost, and the continuously generated heat energy is transferred to the mantle to make the electrons in the mantle become free electrons and recaptured by the core, thus forming a reverse current, thus The original magnetic field is changed, and the resulting time span is called a period.
  • the direction of the formation of the original current is determined by the direction of free electrons entering and exiting the core-mantle boundary.
  • the huge impact force is directly transmitted to the core-mantle boundary through the crust and mantle, thus changing the equilibrium state of the pressure inside and outside the core-mantle boundary.
  • the free electrons are changed from loss to capture to change the direction of the current, which in turn changes the direction of the geomagnetic field.
  • Cretaceous ultra-quiet tape the direction of the geomagnetic field is determined by the direction of free electrons entering and exiting the core-mantle boundary. It is impossible to maintain the number of lost free electrons for 40 million years only by the number of electrons contained in the core itself. The only way is to recycle and replenish matter to supply the continuous loss of free electrons. This is exactly what the Cretaceous hyperstatic tape achieved.
  • the Cretaceous which lasted 79 million years, is the longest period of the Phanerozoic.
  • the anomalies in the entire history of the earth include the separation of continents by oceans, the accelerated cracking of ocean ridges, the intense volcanic and magmatic activity, the overtime of geomagnetic polarity, giant Metal mineralization, oceanic seawater hypoxia, seawater temperature rise, sea level rise, CO2 gas eruption violently, black rock series giant oil and gas formation, etc.
  • the most obvious changes are typical representatives of extreme greenhouse climates in geological history.
  • the relationship between the geomagnetic field and the climate; the reasons for the cold and warm climate are various and closely related to the geomagnetic field.
  • the geomagnetic field is an enhanced magnetic field formed by cutting the original magnetic field from the outer core. According to Lenz's law, the increase is reversed and the decrease is the same.
  • the newly formed electromagnetic force hinders the original force generated by it, and also hinders the amplitude of the circumferential displacement of the inner core.
  • the geomagnetic field weakens, the displacement of the inner core increases, thereby reducing the gravitational force.
  • the increase in the amount of potential energy converted into heat energy also causes the earth to release more heat energy, which is why the strength of the geomagnetic field has historically been negatively correlated with climate.
  • the center point of the earth is the in-situ point, which is the center of motion of the entire earth; (2) The displacement trajectory of the center point of the inner core is a circle every day and a cylinder every year; (3) The center of the vortex motion of the liquid outer core
  • the connecting line is the magnetic axis connecting line segment. So far this globe is complete.
  • Figure 1 shows the overall appearance of this globe, including the sphere bracket and the power switch.
  • the earth rotates clockwise from west to east
  • the free electrons that continuously enter the mantle form a negative electron flow from west to east with the mantle
  • the inner core stirs the outer core to make a circular vortex motion
  • the liquid outer core radially cuts the original weak magnetic field, forming an enhanced current from east to west
  • the East Asian Magnetic Anomaly Vortex is from outside to inside

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Abstract

一种有活动特征的透明地球模型仪器，包括现有地球仪的内容，是全面揭示地球内部物理结构、地质结构和运动规律的仪器。地球各部分的运动状态由动态的LED灯来实现。地球仪从外到内有三种表现形式，第一种为用经纬网分层定位组合成镂空球体，在各层按实际设置不同运动模块，最后在外层表面覆盖有不同海陆标识的透明材料，组成一个整体透明地球仪模式；第二种是由内到外分层模块化组装成球体的模式；第三种是用AR技术由内到外分层演示各单元运动状态的模式。地球仪从外到内由ABCDEFGH八层经纬网结构（1）组成：A层由六大板块及边界运动方向组成，且覆有各种标识的透明材料；BCD由软流层、贝尼奥夫带、热点和亚洲超级冷地幔柱（3）、非洲超级热地幔柱（7）和南太平洋超级热地幔柱（4）组成；G做相对于地表的自东向西圆周位移运动，地核E做自东向西的内地核搅拌外核圆周涡旋运动（15），并有下行的东亚磁异常涡旋（19），上行的南大西洋磁异常涡旋和非洲磁异常涡旋（18）；H为鲁花地球运动中心，包括地球中心点，内地核中心点位移轨迹和外地核涡旋中心轴。球体与支架电源开关相连。

Description

一种有活动特征的透明地球仪 一、技术领域
本发明涉及一种地球模型，尤其是用来揭示地球内部的物理性质、地质结构、运动规律、有活动特性的地球模型仪器。
二、背景技术
地球是万千生命的共同家园，人类世世代代也都生活在这个美丽的蓝色星球上。从古人对天圆地方的认知到日心学说的建立，从对地球大小的丈量到地球质量的称重，从傅科摆对地球自转的证实到公转引起四季气候变化的理解，从地震波探测知道莫霍面的存在到深入古登堡面的地球分层，从对古地磁的研究到对古生物化石的考证，从极地冰雪世界的穿越到漆黑幽深大洋考察，所有这些都是无数先辈苦苦探索，不断努力认知的成果，这也充分说明了人类对地球认知的企盼。
因为地球的体积对人类来说是巨大的，为了使人们更直观的认识地球，于是建立了地球仪。它在球体表面印有不同颜色、形状、符号以表示海洋、陆地、山川、国家和地区，用来整体展示全球的状况。
随着各种科学技术的发展，通过地球物理、化学、重力场、地震波、地磁场等方法对地球由外到内进行了全面的勘探测量和研究分析，也对地球有了更深的了解，但现今各种涉及地球内部知识都是以图片形式零散介绍，常见有地球各圈层的化分，冷热地幔柱的形成等，并且人们对于地球内部的认识，还存在许多争议，在这种情况下，人们迫切需要一个全面合理的地球模型，用来加深对地球各种状况的理解，这样才能正确的认识地球，合理利用各种资源，使人类与自然和谐相处，最大限度的避免火山、地震、海啸等自然灾害对人类的伤害。
三、发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种与现有地球仪不同的地球模型，它包括现有地球仪的主要内容，尤其是进一步揭示地球内部物理性质、地质结构和运动规律的地球模型。
本发明的模型有叁种表现形式，一种是由外到内用经纬网分层定位组合成漏空球体，在各层按实际设制不同运动模块，最后在外层表面覆盖有不同海陆标识的透明材料，组成一个整体透明地球仪模式。一种是由内到外分层模块化组装成球体的模式。再一种方法是用AR技术由内到外分层演示各单元运动状态的模式。
在此重点说明第一种模式。地球由莫霍洛威奇首先发现地震波的波速不同来分层，现在分成8个层次，分别以字母ABCDEFGH代表；A层为地壳是地表到莫霍面为固态；B层是莫霍面到软流层底部的拜尔勒面，软流层为部分溶融物质；C层从拜尔勒面到雷波蒂面，BC为上地幔，下地幔D层从雷波蒂面到古登堡面，地幔是液态-固态物质。外地核E层从古登堡面到4700公里处为液态，F层是地核过渡层从4700公里到莱曼面；内地核G层从莱曼面到地心为固态，H为鲁花地球运动中心。把这八个层等比例缩小，以经纬网为骨架做成球体，以南北极为共轴由内到外、由小到大组合成同心共轴7层网格漏空球体。
地壳A层根据魏格纳大陆漂移学说和勒皮雄、麦肯齐与摩根的板块构造学说分为亚欧板块、非洲板块、南极洲板块、太平洋板块、美洲板块、印度洋板块、各板块标有不同标识及运动方向。
根据赫斯和迪茨的海底扩张学说，全球大洋中脊约有8万公里，从北冰洋罗蒙诺索夫海岭到大西洋中脊与印度洋入字形洋脊相连，最后与东太平洋海岭相接，与洋脊相对应的为海沟岛链、贝尼奥夫带及地缝合线处的主要山脉及火山。其中太平洋的海沟岛链主要有马里亚纳、汤加、日本、千岛、阿留申、菲律宾、小笠原、帕劳、秘鲁、智利、中美等。大西洋海沟有波多黎各、南桑威奇、罗曼什、开曼、多米加等。印度洋海沟有阿米兰特、爪哇、维马、鄂毕、毛里球斯、查戈斯。北冰洋海沟主要有利特克、费拉马，主要山脉有阿尔卑斯山脉、科迪勒拉山脉、喜马拉雅山脉。
地幔BCD层根据威尔逊热点学说，全球主要热点有夏威夷、萨摩亚、土布艾、土阿莫、降神岛、复活节岛、西亚詹玛因、峨眉山、埃塞俄比亚、肯尼亚、留尼旺、盖尔克朗、冰岛、亚速尔、佛得角、阿森松、费尔南多、喀麦隆、维苏维、黄石等。
根据摩根地幔柱学说，全球有亚洲超级冷地幔柱、大洋洲和非洲超级热地幔柱，还有大西洋中脊和美洲初级地幔柱。
地核EFG层根据地磁场的各种现象，判定外核和内核的运动状态。根据拉莫尔、埃尔萨塞、帕克、布拉德、利利等人的地磁场成因理论，发展推断出古登堡面为产生原始磁场的弱电流发生位置，E层液态外核为自东向西涡旋运动状态，涡旋轴为南北磁极连线轴，内核相对于地表为自东向西圆周位移运动状态。由大陆磁场判定，美洲、亚洲为下行局部涡旋点，非洲、南大西洋为上行局部涡旋点，且多与地幔柱和重力场异常相关联。
地心H为鲁花地球运动中心，包括三部分，一是地球中心点是整个地球的运动中心点，一个为内地核中心点位移轨迹、一年为螺旋柱型，一个为液态外地核涡旋运动中心连线为磁轴。
以上各单元的形状、运动方向及轨迹由动态的led灯来实现。球体与电源开关相连，并与半圆支架相连，支架与底座滑动连接，便于正面展示，这样整个地球仪完成。
四、附图说明
图一、是这种地球仪整体照片；
图二、地球内部各单元运动规律图；
图三、鲁花地球运动中心轨迹图；
五、具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明，下面就本发明所依据原理做详细说明。
地球各圈层主要依据地震波波速不同来划分的，
下面是根据1970年布伦地球结构分层整理的详细表格
Figure PCTCN2022000027-appb-000001
1912年，魏格纳提出了大陆漂移学说，依据有大西洋两岸的互补，如巴西东岸的直角突出部分与非洲西岸呈直角凹进的几内亚湾非常吻合。美洲和非洲、欧洲在地层岩石构造上遥相呼应，如非洲南端和南美阿根廷南部晚古生代 构造方向，岩石层序和所含化石相一致。大西洋两岸古生物化石具有亲缘关系，如中龙化石和寒代植物化石舌羊齿。
在二叠纪南美洲、非洲南部、印度、澳大利亚都发生过广泛的冰川作用，而其它地方则没有同期的遗迹，这说明这些地区曾为一个大陆地，这证明陆地在活动。现代技术测量也证明大陆每年以2-10厘米速度移动。
1962年，赫斯和迪茨提出海底扩张学说，认为地幔物质沿大洋中脊穿过岩石圈形成新洋壳，把原有洋壳向两侧扩张到海沟岛弧一线，便府冲于地幔使洋底2-3亿年更新一次。其证据(1)1963年瓦因和马休斯发现大洋中脊磁异常呈条带状正负相间，平行于中脊两侧，对称延伸，其顺序与地磁反向年表一致。(2)1965年威尔逊提出转换断层证明板块水平位移。(3)1949年贝尼奥夫发现震源深度分布构成一个由大洋向大陆方向的倾斜带。(4)郎科恩发现由岩石剩磁判定古地磁极随地质时代发生迁移。
1967年，摩根、麦肯齐和勒皮顺等提出板块构造学说，认为地球表层被许多活动带如大洋中脊、海沟、转换断层、地缝合线、大陆裂谷分割成大大小小的块体。板块在大洋中脊分离扩张，在府冲带和地缝合线处府冲、消减。全球分成欧亚、美洲、非洲、太平洋、澳洲、南极洲六大板块和若干小板块。
1963年，威尔逊为解释火山岛链年龄递变现象，提出热点的概念，在太平洋存在夏威夷-天皇海岭，莱恩-土阿莫土海岭和土布艾-吉尔伯特-马绍尔海岭三列热点轨迹。在陆地上也有热点，如白安诺本-普林西比-喀麦隆火山等。
1972年，摩根为解释热点的成因提出地幔柱的概念，发现在全球重力图上重力高的地方是板块生长和火山分布的地方。全球热点地幔柱大多位于洋中脊的拐点处或三联点中，少数在板块内，约有50几个。
1994年，丸山茂德提出地幔柱构造说，全球主要有南太平洋、非洲两个上涌的超级热地幔柱及大西洋中脊次级热柱，和亚洲下降的冷地幔柱及美洲、南极洲次级冷柱。在南太平洋和非洲地区存在两个巨大的低波速异常带，在亚洲下面有高波速异常区。冷热地幔柱对流是地球内部热传导的主要形式，并贯穿于地球的整个演化过程中。
当地幔柱控制的大规模岩浆喷出地表就形成面积十分巨大的溢流玄武岩区，也就是大火成岩省。如西北利亚大火成岩省，其面积为2.5X106km2。还有俄嵋山大火成岩省和德干高原。在侏罗纪中期，南大西洋大火成岩省使冈瓦纳大陆分裂，且大火成岩省多与生物大灭绝密切相关，并且多与小行星撞击有关。
以上来源于《百度百科》。
在对地球的认识不断加深过程中，还有另一种现象的认知，它也是打开地球内部大门的一把金钥匙，它就是地球磁场。
地壳的运动规律主要由大陆漂移、海底扩张、板块构造来揭示，地幔的运动规律主要由热点、地幔柱、冷热超极地幔柱来展示，而地核的运动规律则主要依据地球磁场规律来判断。
人们对地磁场的了解有2000多年的历史，中国古代战国时期《古矿录》记录的司南，它就是利用了磁场与磁石相互吸引的原理，是中国古代四大发明之一。宋代沈括《梦溪笔谈》明确记录磁偏角的存在。1600年，古尔伯特第一个提出地磁场理论概念的人。1893年高斯创立了描绘地磁场的数学方法。地磁场成因理论主要能合理解释与地磁场相关各种现象，也就是判断地磁场成因的各种条件如下：
一、符合偶极子磁场的分布规律；偶极子磁场与一个磁铁棒置于地球内部产生的磁场形成各要素的分布相同。如：存在南北两个磁极和磁赤道，磁场强度在磁赤道为0.3-0.4高斯，逐步向两极增强，到两极附近为0.6-0.7高斯。磁倾角在磁赤道为零，在两极为+90°。
二、符合居里点的限制；因为磁体在高于居里点后失去磁性，磁铁的居里点770℃，而地下25KM处就可以达到这一温度，地核内的温度更高为4000℃-6000℃，所以只能是地电流形成的感应磁场。
三、符合电磁学的基本规律；根据地磁北极在地理南极附近判断地电流的方向是自东向西与纬线相近。电流的基本原理是电荷的定向移动。产生感应电流的基本方法是闭合电路的部分导体做切割磁感线的运动，就会产生感应电流。其特点是椤次定律，增反减同。
四、符合地球已知的地质运动规律；通过对地球质量的测量知道地球的平均密度为5.5克/厘米 3，而岩石圈的密度2.5-2.7克/厘米 3。加上宇宙元素丰度密度及形成来判断地核大部分为铁镍组成。根据地震波横波不能通过外核判断外核为液态。根据地壳板块每年的移动距离为2-8cm，而磁场异常单元和磁极移动规模每年20-30公里，判断地磁场生成场所为地核。地磁场和地质运动规律是相符相成、相互界定。
五、较合理的磁流体发电机假说和自由电子旋转假说；因地磁场产生于外地核，外地核为高温高压液态金属流体，所以磁流体发电机假说和自由电子旋转假说较为合理。1945年由埃尔萨塞、拉莫尔、帕克、布拉德和利利等人根据磁流体发电机原理，提出当液态的外地核在最初的微弱磁场中运动，像磁流体发电机一样产生电流，电流产生的磁场又使原来的弱磁场增强。自由电子旋转假说认为高温高压中的物质的原子核外电子会加速而向外逃逸，因地球自转形成负电场，继而产生磁场，这种假说产生的磁场强度太弱。这两个假说独立存在都有不足，现合并二者，也就是自由电子旋转生成的弱磁场补充作为磁流体发电机假说中的最初的微弱原始磁场，使这一假说进一步完善，现只剩下能量来源问题。
六、合理的能量来源；从大陆漂移到全球地幔柱构造再到地磁场的成因理论中都存在动力来源问题没有合理解释。人们考虑了各种可能的能量来源，如放射性元素衰变，地球形成时的余热，重力分异，内核的凝固，地幔携迫地核运动的能量等，都不为人们所接受，并且还有一个环形回路问题没有解决，这说明动力另有来源。
七、符合磁轴同心学说：古地磁学中，对世界2千万年来火山岩观测结果，计算出一千多个古地磁极的位置图，这些地磁极是以地理极为中心分布的，就平均而言，两千万年来古地磁场是轴向地心偶极子场，这说明磁轴与地球自转轴相关联，说明磁场的形成与地球自转密切相关。
八、符合地球公转自转的规律；地球在围绕太阳公转的同时也在自转。做个实验，用绳子系住装有水和小铁球的瓶子的瓶口做拎圈运动，瓶子内的小铁球因惯性离心力的作用，偏向瓶子的外端底部，据此判断地球绕日公转的时候，内地核中心偏离地球中心，因地球连续自转，内地核中心连续偏离地球中 心，也就是地球自转一圈，内地核中心连续偏离地球中心一周，这样内地核会形成相对于地表一周的位移运动。我们也可以这样理解，把装有水和铁球的瓶子躺放在桌了上，铁球因地球的万有引力大于小铁球自身的万有引力，沉于下部位，向右滚动瓶子，小铁球也会向右移动，相对于瓶子外壁小铁球的中心是由右向左位移，瓶子的水也是由右向左运动。因为太阳的质量是地球的33万倍，远远大于地球，因此内地核因太阳的引力大于地球自身的万有引力，内地核中心会偏向太阳的一面，在地球自西向东自转的作用下，内地核产生相对于地表的自东向西的圆周位移运动，从而代动液态外核做自东向西涡旋运动。不论是因为惯性离心力还是太阳引力偏心力，都是会引起内地核偏离地球中心，从而产生圆周位移运动，但最终力源都是万有引力。在内地核做圆周位移同时，外核地幔地壳迫使内核回归地球中心，而迫使内地核回归地球中心作用力的反作用力是大陆西向漂移的主要动因。内地核带动外核做涡旋运动起到搅拌作用，力的方向是由内向外径向运动，而其反向力是由外向内，这样代动外核做切割原始弱磁场的涡旋运动形成增强的电流继而产生地磁场。在搅拌外核的同时，形成大量的热能，也为地幔柱对流提供动能，继而引发板块不同方向漂移运动。这样既说明了大陆漂移的动力来源，也说明了地磁场的能量来源，并且能够解释地磁场各种已知的现象。
九、解释磁偏角形成的原因；地球的外核为液态，地球公转和自转产生的动力不能刚性传给内地核，只能通过液体柔性传递，因此太阳的万有引力引起内核圆周位移运动，代动外核做涡旋运动产生磁场，在这一过程中内核正对太阳而地球自转轴倾斜于黄道面，二者存在差异便形成磁偏角，内地核受到太阳引力的同时也受到地球自身的携迫力，也就不断的调整外核涡旋运动姿态，从而引起磁极移动和磁偏角的变化。
十、解释非偶极子磁场形成原因；地磁场是内核搅拌外核做涡旋运动产生的，这个过程是液体做径向切割原始弱磁场产生的增强磁场，也就是说只要液体做径向移动就会产生新的磁场。内地核在搅拌外核的过程中也把引力势能通过摩擦转化成热能，继而产生由内向外径向运动涡旋。同样，由地幔因重力分异进入外核的物质引起由外向内涡旋，这两种涡旋产生局部磁场异常，而这种 大陆磁场多与地幔柱相关联。如非洲磁异常与非洲超级热地幔柱相对应，东亚磁异常与亚欧超级冷地幔柱相对应。
十一、解释地磁西向飘移；地磁场西向漂移是地磁场长期变化的最重要的特征之一，也是地磁成因理论的检验标志之一。它包括磁偏角、零偏线、非偶极子磁场、等变线。地磁场是内核搅拌液态外核做自东向西的涡旋运动产生的，地磁场的各单元也就自然而然随液体向西流动而产生的西向漂移，只是漂移的速度远低于液体移动速度。
十二、地磁场西向漂移的各地漂移的速率差异的原因；造成这种差异与非偶极子磁场的形成有关，大陆磁场形成有两种方式，一种是能量物质由内向外释放形成径向运动产生的磁异常。如非洲异常，它的形成主体位置在外地核，因此随地核移动较快。一种是物质由地幔进入外核形成径向运动产生的磁异常，如东亚大陆磁异常，它的形成主体位置是由地幔决定，地幔相对不动；由此产生的大陆磁异常移动较小。另外外核的运动状态为较差运动，因此大陆磁场所处的位置不同也决定西移的速率不同。
十三、解释磁极移动的原因：地磁场是内核代动外核涡旋运动产生的，施力是太阳，在地球自转的共同作用下内核才产生位移，这样代动整个外核成一个球状旋转体方向自东向西，而磁轴就是涡旋轴，磁极就是涡旋轴延伸到地表的交点。地球运动过程中也括携地核运动，使地核的运动姿态不断调整，继而引起磁极移动。因为磁轴自转轴都是地球自转公转形成，因此二者总体重合。
十四、解释北磁极和南磁极移动速度差别的原因；近年来北磁极每年的移动速度加快，达到每年55公里，甚至影响人们日常出行，引起人们的关注，而南磁极移动相对较慢，为每年10多公里。形成的主要原因是北极附近存在两个磁异常，一个为东亚的下行涡旋，对于北极涡旋的拖拽，一个为加拿大北大西洋附近上行涡旋对北极涡旋的推送，再加上地核自身调整，共同推动北磁极的快速移动。
十五、解释北磁极每天移动的轨迹为椭圆形；这个就是内地核做圆周位移运动的直接证据。磁极是磁场的中心轴，也就是外核涡旋轴，外核涡旋由内核引起，因此磁极每天轨迹与内核的运动有关。
十六、地磁场极性倒转；地磁场极性倒转是古地磁学主要研究成果之一，也是地磁场成因理论的重要检验标志之一。地磁场是地电流形成，电流产生的基本形式是闭合电路的部分导体做切割原始磁场的运动，在电路中形成电流，这里所说的电流形成的条件是：(1)闭合电路，(2)部分导体做切割磁感线运动，(3)原始磁场。在地磁场中液态外核相当于闭合电路不存在转向的问题。液态外核涡旋运动做径向运动，相当于部分导体做切割运动，这是由内核位移搅拌外核产生的径向运动，而内核位移是因太阳引力与地球的公转自转引起的，因为太阳不可能打西边出来，因此切割磁感线的方向也不可能改变。现在唯一能改变电流方向的条件只剩下原始磁场，也就是说地磁极性倒转是因为原始磁场方向改变而形成的，原始磁场则是原始弱电流的方向改变而形成的，而原始弱电流方向的改变最根本的原因是组成物质的原子核外的电子可以自由移动。我们把地核看作一个大原子，当内地核做圆周位移代动外地核涡旋运动的同时把引力势能转化成热能，使地核这个大原子的核外电子获得动能逃逸到地幔，因地核不断运动连续逃逸的电子形成自西向东的负电子流，也就在核幔边界形成自东向西弱电流产生原始弱磁场。因为地核的体积是有限的，当地核这个大原子失去所有可以失去的电子，连续产生的热能传到地幔使地幔的电子成为自由电子从而被地核重新捕获，这样就形成反向电流，从而改变原始磁场，由此形成的时间跨度被称为期。
十七、布容正向期中哥德堡事件；现在所处的布容正向期中存在一个极性事件，是13750-12350年期间发生的一次反向事件，它是根据对哥德堡冰川纹泥研究并命名的。在对北京王府井东方广场的钻探勘测中也发现这次转向的证据，并且在同一时期，出现了新仙女木气候变化事件；还有猛马象、剑齿虎等大型动物灭绝事件，且与北美克劳维斯人消失相关联。
专家在格陵兰岛的冰芯中，甚至在欧洲、西亚、北美、南美的巴塔哥尼亚，都发现了同一时期铂的峰值，判断是陨石撞击形成的，并且在格陵兰岛北部海华沙冰川下发现一个直径31公里的陨石坑，陨石坑的边缘是新形成的，且当地没有发现超过12800年冰芯存在，说明这个陨石坑与新仙女木陨石撞击有关。
形成原始电流的方向是由自由电子进出核幔边界的方向决定的，当小行星撞击地球，巨大的撞击力通过壳幔直接传递到核幔边界，从而改变了核幔边界内外压力的平衡状态，从而促使自由电子由失去转变成捕获而改变电流方向，继而改变地磁方向。
十八、布容正向期中拉尚事件；在对法国中央高原地区一个名为拉尚的小村庄附近的岩浆流磁性分析发现，在4万1千年前期间，岩浆中冻结的磁场线的方向与当今相反，这个电磁学特征被称做拉尚事件。这一时间正是尼安德特人从欧洲消失的时间。取自格陵兰冰架那个时期的冰心中放射性元素10Bb的浓度有一个峰值，就是记录了这个事件。
在北半球过去10万年中，最大火山爆发是3.9万年前位于意大利那不勒斯的一处火山爆发，它产生约350立方公里的岩石岩浆。地磁场的快速翻转，气候的剧烈变化和意大利这一处火山爆发，这三种极端情景，同时被黑海沉积岩芯证明，这说明这次极性事件与火山爆发相关。
大规模火山产生于地幔以热地幔柱的形式传递热能，它大规模的喷发会直接扰动核幔边界内外压力的平衡，从而改变自由电子进出方向，促使地磁极性的改变。
十九、白垩纪超静磁带；地磁场的方向是由自由电子进出核幔边界的方向来决定的。单靠地核自身所包含电子数量不可能维持4000万年的失去自由电子的数量，唯一的方法就是循环补充物质以供给自由电子连续失去，白垩纪超静磁带正是这样实现的。
白垩纪历经7900万年，是显生宙最长的一个阶段，这个时期在地球整个历史中的异常现象有大陆被海洋分开，洋脊开裂速度加快，火山岩浆活动剧烈，地磁极性超时，巨型金属成矿，大洋海水缺氧，海水温度升高，海平面上升，CO 2气体喷发剧烈，黑色岩系巨型油气成臧等，变化最为明显是地质历史中极端温室气候的典型代表。在这一时期，海洋洋脊快速扩张和大规模的海底火山喷发，形成众多海底大火成岩省，有太平洋的翁通爪哇，赫斯海岭、马尼希基、降灵岛等；印度洋的盖尔凯朗、马达加斯加、南非东高原、布罗肯脊；大西洋的加勒比海、穆德海岭等。
所有这些证据都说明在白垩纪时期，地球内部向外输送了大量的物质和能量，当地球内部能量和物质通过地幔环流和地幔柱的形式传到地壳，形成大洋扩张和海底高原，同时代动大陆漂移，使原海洋板块潜没地幔形成下降的冷地幔柱，冷地幔柱与上升的热物质在地幔形成环流，物质流在D”层因重力分异进入地核，地核产生的热能物质因高温高压进入地幔，在地核也形成物质循环流，这样由地幔进入地核的物质代入富足的电子，这些电子补充供给外核失去的电子数量，继而维持原始弱磁场的电流的产生，形成白垩纪超静磁带。
二十、地磁场与气候的关系；气候冷暖的原因多种多样，与地磁场也是密切相关。地磁场是外核切割原始磁场形成的增强磁场。根据楞次定律，增反减同，新形成的电磁力阻碍其产生的原始力，也就阻碍内地核圆周位移的幅度，而在地磁场减弱的时候，内地核位移幅度增大，从而把引力势能转化成热能的数量增加，也使地球释放更多的热能，这就是历史上地磁场强度与气候呈负相关性的原因。
另外还有磁矩的减弱以及磁场中的Jerk现象也都有合理解释，不再哕嗦，以上这些就是地磁场各种现象说明，若解释某一种现象可能会有许多种答案，但要把所有各种条件都完美解释清楚，只有补充完整的由埃尔萨塞提出的地磁场成因理论才是正确的，它不仅说明了地磁场的成因，也解释了大陆漂移等地质运动规律，也说明了地震波、重力场所观测到的各种数据，也明确了古气候和生物演化过程中的各种现象。
大繁至简，造成地球万千物种欣欣向荣的原因是因为地球本身就是一个活动的生命体，而支配其活动的原动力就是万有引力。其生命活动规律归结于一点就有了运动的鲁花地球中心点，是三个中心的合称：
(1)地球的中心点是原位点，是整个地球的运动中心；(2)内地核中心点位移轨迹，每天为一圆周，每年为圆柱形；(3)液态外地核涡旋运动中心的连线为磁轴连接线段。至此这种地球仪完成。
下面结合附图对这种地球仪做详细说明：
图一、是这种地球仪整体外观样式，包括球体支架和电源开关。
图二、为地球内部各单元运动规律详解图
1、为地球由外到内ABCDEFGH经纬分层结构
2、地球表面磁场方向垂直纸面向里
3、亚洲超级冷地幔柱，运动方向由外向地心
4、南太平洋超级热地幔柱，运动方向由内向外
5、南美洲初级下行地块
6、大西洋中脊由内向外
7、非洲超级热地幔柱由内向外
8、地球自西向东顺时针自转方向
9、地核物质的核外电子脱离地核进入地幔
10、连续进入地幔的自由电子，随地幔形成自西向东的负电子流
11、在形成负电子流的同时，在核幔边界形成自东向西的原始弱电流
12、原始弱电流产生垂直纸面向外的弱磁场
13、太阳万有引力使内地核偏离地球中心
14、内地核做斜径向圆周位移的相对运动方向
15、内地核搅拌外核做圆周涡旋运动
16、液态外核径向切割原始弱磁场，形成自东向西增强电流
17、南大西洋磁异常涡旋由内向外
18、非洲磁异常涡旋由内向外
19、东亚磁异常涡旋由外向内
20、南太平洋地震波低速区
21、非洲地震波低速区
22、地球中心点
23、内地核中心点
图三、鲁花地球运动中心轨迹图

Claims (5)

  1. 一种全新的地球模型仪器，它包含现有地球仪的内容，其特征是：通过动态的LED灯来演示地球自身的物理性质和地质运动规律。
  2. 这种地球仪其特征是：由外到内分为ABCDEFGH八个圈层，是同心共轴等比例经纬网架结构组成的镂空球体(1)；A层为6大板块，板块扩张和汇聚的边界及运动方向；BCD层为热点地幔柱(3、4、5、6、7等)，软流圈层，贝尼奥夫切入带和地震波低速体(20、21)；G为圆周位移运动状态代动E作自西向东涡旋运动(15)，E层有大陆磁异常涡旋(17、18、19等)；H为鲁花地球运动中心，为三心合一，包括地球的中心，内地核中心圆周位移轨迹和外地核涡旋运动中心轴；球体与支架相接并和电源开关相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2，球体表面盖有材料其特征是：透明材料，并标有不同标识。
  4. 根据权利要求2，球体安装在支架上其特征是：滑动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1，这种地球仪表现方式其特征：用AR技术来展示内部各单元的活动规律，或用模块组成球体。
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