WO2022213168A1 - Formulations for pumpable thermite with an energetic fluid phase and method for closing and abandoning oil wells - Google Patents
Formulations for pumpable thermite with an energetic fluid phase and method for closing and abandoning oil wells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022213168A1 WO2022213168A1 PCT/BR2022/050124 BR2022050124W WO2022213168A1 WO 2022213168 A1 WO2022213168 A1 WO 2022213168A1 BR 2022050124 W BR2022050124 W BR 2022050124W WO 2022213168 A1 WO2022213168 A1 WO 2022213168A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- isomers
- pumpable
- thermite
- oxide
- ether
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000026 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl formate Chemical compound CCCCOC=O NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
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- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008344 egg yolk phospholipid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940035105 lead tetroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CFNJLPHOBMVMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CCC CFNJLPHOBMVMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FGPPDYNPZTUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)CCCC FGPPDYNPZTUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGCQZYRSTIRJFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O AGCQZYRSTIRJFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FXRJDJNKKJZYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)COCCO FXRJDJNKKJZYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017356 Fe2C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- PNYYBUOBTVHFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bismuthate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Bi](=O)=O PNYYBUOBTVHFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OC HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010755 BS 2869 Class G Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 but not limited to Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/40—Spacer compositions, e.g. compositions used to separate well-drilling from cementing masses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
- E21B33/16—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes using plugs for isolating cement charge; Plugs therefor
Definitions
- the present invention discloses pumpable thermite formulations with energetic fluid phase for closing and abandoning oil wells and a method comprising the use thereof.
- a variation of the method employing cement is described in WO2015116261 and comprises launching a thermite charge during ignition in contact with a static mass (such as a solid steel cylinder between 500 kg-1,500 kg, or other object of density similar), this will 'hot press' the barrier formed during the reaction process, reduce its porosity and press the thermite reaction material more firmly into the surrounding medium.
- a static mass such as a solid steel cylinder between 500 kg-1,500 kg, or other object of density similar
- lower melting point oxides or eutectic materials such as calcium oxide
- Patent US8020619 provides a method for cutting pipe in a well comprising steps of positioning torches within the pipe. The torches are fired to produce the first cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are directed from the first cutting torch in a partial circumferential arc towards the cable so as to cut the circumference of the pipe.
- Publication US 2006/144591 describes a sealing system containing an exothermic reagent comprising introducing a fusible repair material close to a structure in an underground pit where a fluid seal. Exothermic reagent materials are located close to the fusible repair material. The exothermic reagent is ignited or otherwise started to create an exothermic reaction that provides heat and melts the fusible repair material into a molten mass. Examples of this application are the use of exothermic chemical reactions, such as the reaction between ammonium chloride and sodium nitrite, while preferred fusible materials include weld metals and eutectic systems that expand upon cooling and solidification to a state fused.
- the present invention discloses pumpable thermite formulations for abandonment of oil wells from which it is possible to form a barrier capable of preventing the formation of leakage points.
- the modified formulation of thermite proposed here is positioned in the application zone (intended location of the barrier to be formed) through hydraulic transport, being driven by wiper plugs that initiate the combustion process of the pumpable thermite by means of a remote control of the surface.
- the heat and liquid metal generated by the reaction cause the well materials to partially melt and form a barrier as they cool and solidify.
- the wiper plugs work as thermal insulators at the top and bottom of the application area, in order to reduce heat transfer to adjacent regions during the reaction.
- the rheology of the formulation also allows it to be positioned in the application area through pumping and circulation through the well, being able to occupy the spaces of the production column and also in the region of the Annular A - events that do not would be obtained from traditional compositions.
- This invention provides a significant reduction in costs related to the closure and abandonment of oil wells relative to the conventional cement barrier method by offering a means of generating a permanent barrier that does not require prior removal or destruction of parts of the production column. and that keeps changes to systems previously installed on regular platforms to a necessary minimum, also reducing the time and number of maneuvers required in the process of closing and abandoning wells.
- Figure 1 illustrates a typical oil well arrangement for closure and abandonment.
- Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of the method for closing and abandoning oil wells employing the thermite formulation as claimed.
- wiper plug (or plug) will be used as structures manufactured from elastomeric materials that reduce contamination and maintain predictable performance in well closing and abandonment operations.
- the wiper plug has communication systems capable of receiving ignition commands that allow the reaction of the pumpable thermite to start, reaching high temperatures (above 1500°C).
- [Pumpable thermite has rheological (flow) properties close to that of the Class G Portland Cement suspension used in plugging traditional oil well, and may consist of colloid, suspension, mud, slurry and/or slurry, with the ability to be safely hydraulically transported through ducts, valves, piping and hydraulic transport equipment such as displacement pumps positive: piston pumps (lunger umps), progressive cavity pumps, gear pumps, lobe pumps, piston pumps, helical pumps, peristaltic pumps, sine pumps and diaphragm pumps.
- piston pumps lunger umps
- progressive cavity pumps gear pumps
- lobe pumps piston pumps
- piston pumps helical pumps
- peristaltic pumps sine pumps and diaphragm pumps.
- the pumpable formulation is in the form of a colloid, that is, dispersed systems of two or more phases, which can be immiscible or partially miscible solids or liquids, and the particles of the dispersed phase can have diameters that vary between 0.001 pm to 100 pm, which can be composed of a predominantly polar phase and/or a predominantly apolar phase.
- the solid phase of the pumpable thermite formulation comprises a mixture of metals or metallic alloys with metallic oxides, nanostructured or not.
- thermite compositions there are serious limitations due to voids between the particles, voids that are filled with air or inert gas, and that prevent proper heat propagation.
- Possible solid phase embodiments include mass fractions of metals and/or alloys such as aluminum, iron, steel, manganese, boron (amorphous or metallic), magnesium, tungsten, titanium, bismuth, lead, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc , gallium, indium, silicon and/or tin and also metallic oxides such as iron oxides (Fe 2 C> 3 , FesCU, FeO, hematite and/or magnetite), copper oxide (CuO), chromium oxide (Cr 2 C> 3 ), titanium oxide (TIO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), cobalt oxide (C0 3 O 4 ), vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 0s), molybdenum oxide (M0O 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 0s), boron trioxide (B 2 O 3 ), lead oxide (PbC
- Possible solid phase mass fraction ranges are contained within between 30% to 95% of the total mass of the pumpable thermite formulation.
- the fluid phase it must be energetic and comprises from 5% to 70% of the total mass of pumpable thermite formulation and may have fractions or mixtures of the following substances: water, mineral oil (hydrogenated or not aliphatic hydrocarbons) , vegetable oils (soybean, castor, cotton, sunflower and/or peanut), diethanolamine, polyisobutylene with succinic anhydride ends (PIBSA), sorbitan monooleate (SMO), soy lecithin, egg lecithin, liquid petroleum jelly, liquid paraffin, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol and its isomers, pentanol and its isomers, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate and its isomers, butyl formate and its isomers,
- the pumpable thermite formulation can be added with surfactants or flux agents to improve its adhesion to other materials.
- Surfactants applicable to the termite formulation can be selected from those known to the person skilled in the art and commercially available.
- fluxes can be selected from a wide variety of compounds, including, but not limited to, borax, ammonium chloride, zinc chloride, rosin and/or commercial products intended for fluidity enhancement and/or oxide separation. of molten metal alloys.
- the pumpable thermite formulation differs from the conventional ones in the State of the Art by: (1) its ability to be hydraulically transported through oil well components, regardless of their geometries, using pumps, and; (2) present a fluid phase that fills the voids between the particles, which is capable of releasing energy in the form of heat upon reaching the auto-ignition temperature, unlike gases and other liquids which would otherwise absorb energy during the reaction.
- the formulation can be obtained from the following steps: a) Preparation and homogenization of the solid phase; b) Preparation of a continuous liquid phase, from the addition of one or more dispersants and/or solvents and a necessary amount of reactive liquid substances; c) Preparation of a fluid phase by dispersing solid components in the liquid phase of Step b), maintaining its fluidity, and; d) Combination of the phase from Step a) with the fluid phase from Step c) and optionally proceed with the addition of surfactants, fluxes and/or other additives.
- obtaining the formulation is carried out under conditions of vigorous agitation.
- High speed agitators such as turbines, propellers or Cowles discs can be used. They can also be used low speed mixers, such as sigma or planetary mixers.
- low speed mixers such as sigma or planetary mixers.
- the typical oil well consists of an external environment (1), which contains rock and cement, a casing tube (2), a production column (5), a sealing equipment of the annul called packer(6), a production column sealing artifact called bridge plug (7), the annular region A (4) delimited between the production column and the casing tube, which is filled with aqueous liquids, and perforations (3) in the production column that are made in perforation operations, in order to communicate the interior of the production column with the region of the annulus A and allow the circulation of fluids through the well.
- Figure 2 illustrates the series of steps involved in the method of closing and abandoning wells using the pumpable thermite formulation described: a) calculating the amount of the pumpable thermite formulation as defined in claim 1; b) perforating the production column and hydraulically communicating it with the annular region A; c) launching at least one wiper plug to isolate the pumpable thermite formulation from the fluid that occupies the interior of the production column; d) optionally transporting a pumpable thermal insulator to the application zone followed by the optional release of a wiper plug-, e) transporting the pumpable thermite formulation to the application zone by means of a pumping operation; f) flow of the pumpable thermite formulation and occupation of the spaces of the production column and the region of the annulus A in the application area, and; g) ignition of the pumpable thermite formulation and generation of metals in liquid phase, destruction of part of the production column and its auxiliary lines and/or generation of a metallic barrier solidary to the well structure
- the pumpable thermite formulation is transported to the application area using equipment designed to transport cement in oil wells or similar with the aid of wiper plugs and/or coiled tubing (CT).
- CT coiled tubing
- the thermite flow passes through the holes generated by a perforation operation, flowing to the annular region A.
- the pump is carried out from the surface towards the bottom of the well, through the interior of the production column, optionally sending an insulator to the application area pumpable thermal, followed by a lower wiper plug, which is hydraulically pushed like a piston by the pumpable energetic material, which is pushed likewise by the upper wiper plug, which in turn is pushed in the same way by fluid to the desired position.
- the pumpable thermal insulator can circulate from inside the production column to the annulus A region, passing through the perforations made specifically for this purpose by perforating operation.
- the quantities of materials transferred into the well can be counted in order to determine the volume occupied by them.
- the pumpable energy material starts to circulate to annular A, over the pre-established optional layer of pumpable thermal insulation, accommodating and occupying most of the spaces previously occupied by well fluid, usually aqueous.
- the density of the pumpable thermite must be greater than that of the well fluid in question.
- the wiper plugs Upon receiving the ignition command, the wiper plugs initiate the pumpable thermite reaction, generating a temperature above 1500°C, causing partial destruction of the production column and electrical cable lines and associated hydraulic pipes, which may cause partial damage to the casing pipe and its surroundings, and allowing solid and liquid phase residues from the pumpable thermite reaction to accumulate inside the well.
- the end product of the process will be the destruction of part of the production column (milling) and/or the deposition of one or more solid phases inside the well, which constitute a permanent barrier against the leakage of hydrocarbons, effecting what is classified in the industry of Oil and Gas as the permanent closing of the well ( plugging ).
- the method described here does not require the previous removal of the production column to close the wells, enabling what is classified in the Oil and Gas industry as a through tubing process.
- oil wells are sealed by means of ignition of pumpable thermite composed of metals, metal oxides and a fluid phase.
- Metals and metallic oxides participate in the thermite reaction, while the continuous fluid phase has sufficient reactivity to undergo chemical transformations in the process and generate heat.
- Other approaches to employing the method and formulation may include defense systems, surface extraction, underground mining, quarrying, construction, and/or seismic exploration or other geological formations on land or at sea. It should be noted that many different modalities can be used, and therefore the description should not be construed as limiting.
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Abstract
The present invention discloses formulations for pumpable thermite and a method for closing and abandoning oil wells involving the use of said formulations. The technical effect provided by the aspects of the invention relates to the removal of part of the production string and/or to the elimination of hydrocarbon leaks, and also the enhanced efficiency of sealing operations under different conditions for closing and abandoning wells.
Description
Formulações de termita bombeável com fase fluída energética e método para fechamento e abandono de poços de petróleo Pumpable thermite formulations with energetic fluid phase and method for closing and abandoning oil wells
Campo da Invenção Field of Invention
[001] A presente invenção revela formulações de termita bombeável com fase fluída energética para fechamento e abandono de poços de petróleo e método compreendendo o uso das mesmas. [001] The present invention discloses pumpable thermite formulations with energetic fluid phase for closing and abandoning oil wells and a method comprising the use thereof.
[002] O efeito técnico proporcionado pelos aspectos da invenção reside na eliminação de pontos de fuga de hidrocarbonetos assim como maior efetividade nas operações de tamponamento em diferentes condições de fechamento e abandono de poços. [002] The technical effect provided by the aspects of the invention resides in the elimination of hydrocarbon leakage points as well as greater effectiveness in plugging operations in different conditions of closure and abandonment of wells.
Descrição do Estado da Técnica Description of the State of the Technique
[003] De modo geral, poços de petróleo são submetidos ao processo conhecido como fechamento e abandono ( Plugging and Abandonment, P&A) por diversas razões, entre elas se destacam o baixo retorno financeiro e as emergências de cunho ambiental. Este consiste em uma etapa preliminar de descomissionamento de um sistema offshore, e de acordo com a portaria da Agência Nacional do Petróleo (Portaria AN PI n° 25, de 06/3/2002) deve "assegurar o perfeito isolamento das zonas de petróleo e/ou gás e também dos aquíferos existentes, prevenindo a migração dos fluidos entre as formações quer pelo poço, quer pelo espaço anular entre o poço e o revestimento; e a migração de fluidos até a superfície do terreno ou o fundo do mar”. [003] In general, oil wells are subjected to the process known as plugging and abandonment (P&A) for several reasons, among them low financial returns and environmental emergencies. This consists of a preliminary stage of decommissioning an offshore system, and according to the decree of the National Petroleum Agency (Decree AN PI No. 25, of 3/6/2002) it must "ensure the perfect isolation of the oil and /or gas and also existing aquifers, preventing the migration of fluids between the formations either through the well or through the annular space between the well and the casing; and the migration of fluids to the surface of the land or the sea floor”.
[004] Os processos convencionais de fechamento e abandono consistem no posicionamento de uma barreira física no interior do poço de petróleo, de modo a prevenir vazamentos de hidrocarbonetos. Normalmente a barreira física é constituída por cimento, bombeado em suspensão aquosa para a região aonde será posicionada a barreira. Esta operação pode demandar retrabalhos, devido às propriedades físicas do cimento e da suspensão. Especificamente, a diferença de densidade do cimento em relação ao fluido não raro gera desvios no posicionamento da barreira, comprometendo a estanqueidade do sistema de tamponamento. O processo utilizando cimento possui diversos requisitos para aplicação, sobretudo relacionados à preparação da região de interesse, o que envolve a remoção de partes da coluna de produção ( tubing ) e a
inspeção da adesão entre o tubo estruturante ( casing ) e a rocha seladora. A remoção de parte da coluna de produção é uma atividade onerosa, pois as taxas de ascensão da tubulação são lentas e as plataformas aptas a realizar esse tipo de serviço possuem elevados custos operacionais. [004] Conventional closure and abandonment processes consist of positioning a physical barrier inside the oil well, in order to prevent hydrocarbon leaks. Normally, the physical barrier consists of cement, pumped in aqueous suspension to the region where the barrier will be positioned. This operation may require rework, due to the physical properties of cement and suspension. Specifically, the difference in cement density in relation to the fluid often generates deviations in the positioning of the barrier, compromising the watertightness of the plugging system. The process using cement has several requirements for application, mainly related to the preparation of the region of interest, which involves the removal of parts of the production column (tubing) and the inspection of the adhesion between the structuring tube (casing) and the sealing rock. Removing part of the production column is an expensive activity, as pipe rise rates are slow and platforms capable of performing this type of service have high operating costs.
[005] Técnicas de fechamento de poços empregando termita com reação in loco estão sendo desenvolvidas por empresas, notadamente Interwell e Olympic Research. Nas propostas existentes, a alimentação da termita é realizada no interior de artefatos (cápsulas metálicas) e posicionada movimentando os artefatos até a zona de aplicação. Deste modo, o preenchimento da coluna de produção e da região chamada de “Anular A” utilizando termita bombeável com fase fluída energética é mais eficaz do que aquele feito através de artefatos supracitados, o que viabiliza energeticamente o fechamento do poço através da coluna de produção ( through tubing). [005] Well closure techniques using thermite with in situ reaction are being developed by companies, notably Interwell and Olympic Research. In the existing proposals, the feeding of the thermite is carried out inside artifacts (metallic capsules) and positioned by moving the artifacts to the application area. In this way, the filling of the production column and the region called “Annular A” using pumpable thermite with energetic fluid phase is more efficient than that done through the aforementioned artifacts, which energetically enables the closing of the well through the production column. (through tubing).
[006] Uma variação do método empregando cimento é descrito em WO2015116261 e compreende o lançamento de uma carga de termita durante a ignição em contato com uma massa estática (como um cilindro de aço sólido entre 500 kg-1.500 kg, ou outro objeto de densidade semelhante), isso irá 'pressionar a quente' a barreira formada durante o processo de reação, reduzir sua porosidade e pressionar o material de reação de termita com mais firmeza no meio circundante. Para reduzir ainda mais a porosidade do produto final, óxidos de ponto de fusão inferior ou materiais eutéticos (como óxido de cálcio) podem ser adicionados aos reagentes de termita na carga para reduzir a temperatura de fusão do produto e mantê-lo na forma líquida por um período mais longo. [006] A variation of the method employing cement is described in WO2015116261 and comprises launching a thermite charge during ignition in contact with a static mass (such as a solid steel cylinder between 500 kg-1,500 kg, or other object of density similar), this will 'hot press' the barrier formed during the reaction process, reduce its porosity and press the thermite reaction material more firmly into the surrounding medium. To further reduce the porosity of the final product, lower melting point oxides or eutectic materials (such as calcium oxide) can be added to the thermite reagents in the charge to reduce the melting temperature of the product and keep it in liquid form for a long time. a longer period.
[007] A patente US8020619 fornece um método para corte da tubulação em um poço compreendendo etapas de posicionamento de tochas dentro da tubulação. As tochas são acionadas para produzir os primeiros fluidos de corte. Os fluidos de corte são direcionados da primeira tocha de corte em um arco circunferencial parcial na direção do cabo, de modo a fazer um corte da circunferência da tubulação. [007] Patent US8020619 provides a method for cutting pipe in a well comprising steps of positioning torches within the pipe. The torches are fired to produce the first cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are directed from the first cutting torch in a partial circumferential arc towards the cable so as to cut the circumference of the pipe.
[008] A publicação US 2006/144591 descreve um sistema de vedação contendo um reagente exotérmico compreendendo a introdução de um material de reparo fundível próximo a uma estrutura em um poço subterrâneo onde é desejada uma
vedação de fluido. Os materiais reagentes exotérmicos estão localizados próximos ao material de reparo fundível. O reagente exotérmico é inflamado ou de outro modo iniciado para criar uma reação exotérmica que fornece calor e derrete o material de reparo fundível em uma massa fundida. Neste pedido, citam-se como exemplos o emprego de reações químicas exotérmicas, como a reação entre cloreto de amónio e nitrito de sódio, enquanto materiais fundíveis preferidos incluem metais de solda e sistemas eutéticos que se expandem após o resfriamento e a solidificação de um estado fundido. Uma estratégia similar é descrita em US7124820, na qual se descreve um método empregando peletes ( pellets ) metálicos e na patente EP2825719. Esta descreve um método para vedação usando uma mistura de termita e compreendendo as etapas de posicionamento da mistura geradora de calor em um recipiente e abaixamento do recipiente para a posição por uso de linha de arame ou tubulação espiralada. A quantidade desejada de mistura geradora de calor é preparada na superfície e posicionada em um recipiente. A mistura pode por exemplo ser uma mistura granular ou em pó. [008] Publication US 2006/144591 describes a sealing system containing an exothermic reagent comprising introducing a fusible repair material close to a structure in an underground pit where a fluid seal. Exothermic reagent materials are located close to the fusible repair material. The exothermic reagent is ignited or otherwise started to create an exothermic reaction that provides heat and melts the fusible repair material into a molten mass. Examples of this application are the use of exothermic chemical reactions, such as the reaction between ammonium chloride and sodium nitrite, while preferred fusible materials include weld metals and eutectic systems that expand upon cooling and solidification to a state fused. A similar strategy is described in US7124820, in which a method employing metallic pellets is described and in patent EP2825719. This describes a method for sealing using a thermite mixture and comprising the steps of positioning the heat generating mixture in a container and lowering the container into position using wire line or coiled tubing. The desired amount of heat-generating mixture is prepared on the surface and placed in a container. The mixture may for example be a granular or powder mixture.
[009] Uma abordagem mais sofisticada é revelada em US2018/0094504 que descreve compósitos intermoleculares metaestáveis (ou MIC) para obstruir um poço de petróleo durante as operações de obstrução/fechamento e abandono (P&A) e método de uso. Especificamente, uma composição de nano-termita, preferencialmente compreendendo alumínio e outro metal como o bismuto, é utilizada como um material de barreira de poço e para poços de fusão, especialmente aqueles com diâmetro reduzido. Conforme pode ser notado, nenhuma das anterioridades no Estado da Técnica descreve propostas que permitam realizar o fechamento do poço pelo método through tubing , o qual não necessite da remoção de partes da coluna de produção e das linhas auxiliares que frequentemente a acompanham. Da mesma forma, o emprego de artefatos como tampões para transportar e isolar a suspensão de cimento utilizada em fechamento convencional de poços apresentam limitações. Normalmente possuem formato aproximado a um cilindro, com um núcleo rígido e superfícies externas com aletas flexíveis que raspam as paredes internas das tubulações conforme o artefato é movimentado, com auxílio de bombas e fluidos de transporte aquosos. O
posicionamento ou interação com sistema de termita não permite o correto preenchimento por conta da elevada variação e desvios dimensionais na zona de aplicação. [009] A more sophisticated approach is revealed in US2018/0094504 which describes metastable intermolecular composites (or MIC) for plugging an oil well during plugging/shutdown and abandonment (P&A) operations and method of use. Specifically, a nanothermite composition, preferably comprising aluminum and another metal such as bismuth, is used as a well barrier material and for melt wells, especially those with reduced diameter. As can be seen, none of the prior art in the State of the Art describes proposals that allow closing the well by the through tubing method, which does not require the removal of parts of the production column and the auxiliary lines that often accompany it. Likewise, the use of artifacts such as plugs to transport and isolate the cement suspension used in conventional well closures has limitations. They usually have an approximate shape of a cylinder, with a rigid core and external surfaces with flexible fins that scrape the internal walls of the pipes as the artifact is moved, with the aid of pumps and aqueous transport fluids. O positioning or interaction with the thermite system does not allow the correct filling due to the high variation and dimensional deviations in the application area.
[010] Outros sistemas descritos no Estado da Técnica se amparam em reações comuns a base de termita, como é o caso da publicação internacional WO2013/135583. Tais abordagens são, do ponto de vista energético, termodinamicamente ineficientes devido à propagação e perda do calor. As propriedades hidrofóbicas da termita (indesejáveis em ambientes aquosos) e a tendência a formar aglomerados em superfícies marinhas reduzem a eficácia da aplicação. [010] Other systems described in the State of the Art are based on common thermite-based reactions, as is the case of the international publication WO2013/135583. Such approaches are, from an energy point of view, thermodynamically inefficient due to the propagation and loss of heat. Thermite's hydrophobic properties (undesirable in aqueous environments) and the tendency to form agglomerates on marine surfaces reduce application effectiveness.
[011] Neste contexto, existe uma demanda por processos eficazes para fechamento e abandono de poços, que contornem as desvantagens mencionadas em termos de eficiência com ausência de pontos de fuga. Especificamente, existe a necessidade de formulações que gerem reações exotérmicas de forma controlada e adaptável às condições variáveis de poços de petróleo e que apresentem propriedades físicas adequadas para o processo de fechamento de poços de petróleo. [011] In this context, there is a demand for effective processes for closing and abandoning wells, which circumvent the mentioned disadvantages in terms of efficiency with the absence of leakage points. Specifically, there is a need for formulations that generate exothermic reactions in a controlled and adaptable way to the changing conditions of oil wells and that present adequate physical properties for the process of closing oil wells.
Vantagens da invenção Advantages of the invention
[012] Visando contornar as limitações descritas acima, a presente invenção revela formulações de termita bombeável para abandono de poços de petróleo a partir da qual é possível formar uma barreira capaz de impedir a formação de pontos de fuga. A formulação modificada de termita aqui proposta é posicionada na zona de aplicação (localização pretendida da barreira a ser formada) através de transporte hidráulico, sendo conduzida por wiper plugs que iniciam o processo de combustão da termita bombeável por meio de um comando remoto da superfície. O calor e o metal líquido gerados pela reação causam a fusão parcial dos materiais do poço e formam uma barreira ao resfriar e solidificar. [012] In order to circumvent the limitations described above, the present invention discloses pumpable thermite formulations for abandonment of oil wells from which it is possible to form a barrier capable of preventing the formation of leakage points. The modified formulation of thermite proposed here is positioned in the application zone (intended location of the barrier to be formed) through hydraulic transport, being driven by wiper plugs that initiate the combustion process of the pumpable thermite by means of a remote control of the surface. The heat and liquid metal generated by the reaction cause the well materials to partially melt and form a barrier as they cool and solidify.
[013] Os wiper plugs funcionam como isolantes térmicos no topo e no fundo da zona de aplicação, de modo a reduzir a transferência de calor para regiões adjacentes durante a reação. A reologia da formulação permite ainda que esta seja posicionada na zona de aplicação através de bombeio e circulação pelo poço, podendo ocupar os espaços da coluna de produção e também da região do Anular A - eventos que não
seriam obtidos a partir das composições tradicionais. [013] The wiper plugs work as thermal insulators at the top and bottom of the application area, in order to reduce heat transfer to adjacent regions during the reaction. The rheology of the formulation also allows it to be positioned in the application area through pumping and circulation through the well, being able to occupy the spaces of the production column and also in the region of the Annular A - events that do not would be obtained from traditional compositions.
[014] Esta invenção proporciona uma significativa redução de custos relacionados ao fechamento e abandono de poços de petróleo relativos ao método convencional de barreira de cimento ao oferecer um meio de geração de barreira permanente que não requeira remoção ou destruição prévia de partes da coluna de produção e que mantenha as alterações aos sistemas previamente instalados em plataformas regulares a um mínimo necessário, diminuindo também o tempo e número de manobras requeridos no processo de fechamento e abandono de poços. [014] This invention provides a significant reduction in costs related to the closure and abandonment of oil wells relative to the conventional cement barrier method by offering a means of generating a permanent barrier that does not require prior removal or destruction of parts of the production column. and that keeps changes to systems previously installed on regular platforms to a necessary minimum, also reducing the time and number of maneuvers required in the process of closing and abandoning wells.
Breve descrição das Figuras Brief description of Figures
[015] A Figura 1 ilustra um arranjo típico de poço de petróleo para fechamento e abandono. [015] Figure 1 illustrates a typical oil well arrangement for closure and abandonment.
[016] A Figura 2 ilustra um fluxograma do método para fechamento e abandono de poços de petróleo empregando a formulação de termita conforme reivindicada. [016] Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of the method for closing and abandoning oil wells employing the thermite formulation as claimed.
Descrição detalhada da invenção Detailed description of the invention
[017] A seguir serão discutidas algumas modalidades da presente invenção. Naturalmente, trata-se de concretizações preferenciais; abordagens alternativas também estão abarcadas no escopo do pedido de patente. Para fins de esclarecimento, os termos usados no relatório descritivo são fornecidos conforme a seguir: Se um termo químico não for especificamente definido, aplica-se os entendimentos cabíveis da IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2a Ed. (1997) desde que esta não entre em conflito com qualquer outro tipo de divulgação ou definição adotada no relatório deste pedido. [017] Some embodiments of the present invention will be discussed below. Of course, these are preferred embodiments; Alternative approaches are also within the scope of the patent application. For clarity, terms used in the specification are provided as follows: If a chemical term is not specifically defined, then the appropriate understandings of the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd Ed apply. (1997) provided that it does not conflict with any other type of disclosure or definition adopted in the report of this application.
[018] A expressão wiper plug (ou tampão) será empregada como estruturas fabricadas a partir de materiais elastoméricos que reduzem a contaminação e mantém desempenho previsível em operações de fechamento e abandono de poços. Em uma concretização preferencial, o wiper plug apresenta sistemas de comunicação capazes de receber comandos de ignição que permitem iniciar a reação da termita bombeável, atingindo temperaturas elevadas (acima de 1500°C). [018] The expression wiper plug (or plug) will be used as structures manufactured from elastomeric materials that reduce contamination and maintain predictable performance in well closing and abandonment operations. In a preferred embodiment, the wiper plug has communication systems capable of receiving ignition commands that allow the reaction of the pumpable thermite to start, reaching high temperatures (above 1500°C).
[019] [A termita bombeável tem propriedades reológicas (de escoamento) aproximadas à da suspensão de Cimento Portland Classe G utilizada no tamponamento
tradicional de poços de petróleo, e pode ser constituída de coloide, suspensão, lama, pasta e/ou slurry, com a capacidade de ser transportada hidraulicamente de modo seguro através de dutos, válvulas, tubulações e equipamentos de transporte hidráulico, como bombas de deslocamento positivo: bombas de êmbolos ( lunger umps ), bombas de cavidades progressivas, bombas de engrenagens, bombas de lóbulos, bombas de pistão, bombas helicoidais, bombas peristálticas, bombas senoidais e bombas de diafragma. [019] [Pumpable thermite has rheological (flow) properties close to that of the Class G Portland Cement suspension used in plugging traditional oil well, and may consist of colloid, suspension, mud, slurry and/or slurry, with the ability to be safely hydraulically transported through ducts, valves, piping and hydraulic transport equipment such as displacement pumps positive: piston pumps (lunger umps), progressive cavity pumps, gear pumps, lobe pumps, piston pumps, helical pumps, peristaltic pumps, sine pumps and diaphragm pumps.
[020] Em uma concretização preferencial, a formulação bombeável se apresenta na forma de coloide ou seja, sistemas dispersos de duas ou mais fases, podendo ser sólidos ou líquidos imiscíveis ou parcialmente miscíveis, sendo que as partículas da fase dispersa podem ter diâmetros que variam entre 0,001 pm a 100 pm, podendo ser composta por uma fase predominantemente polar e/ou uma fase predominantemente apoiar. [020] In a preferred embodiment, the pumpable formulation is in the form of a colloid, that is, dispersed systems of two or more phases, which can be immiscible or partially miscible solids or liquids, and the particles of the dispersed phase can have diameters that vary between 0.001 pm to 100 pm, which can be composed of a predominantly polar phase and/or a predominantly apolar phase.
[021] Mais especificamente, a fase sólida da formulação de termita bombeável compreende uma mistura de metais ou ligas metálicas com óxidos metálicos, nano estruturados ou não. Para as composições de termita convencional, existem sérias limitações devido aos espaços vazios entre as partículas, vazios que são preenchidos por ar ou gás inerte, e que impedem a propagação adequada do calor. [021] More specifically, the solid phase of the pumpable thermite formulation comprises a mixture of metals or metallic alloys with metallic oxides, nanostructured or not. For conventional thermite compositions, there are serious limitations due to voids between the particles, voids that are filled with air or inert gas, and that prevent proper heat propagation.
[022] Concretizações possíveis da fase sólida compreendem frações mássicas de metais e/ou ligas como alumínio, ferro, aço, manganês, boro (amorfo ou metálico), magnésio, tungsténio, titânio, bismuto, chumbo, mercúrio, cromo, cobre, zinco, gálio, índio, silício e/ou estanho e também de óxidos metálicos como óxidos de ferro (Fe2C>3, FesCU, FeO, hematita e/ou magnetita), óxido de cobre (CuO), óxido de cromo (Cr2C>3), óxido de titânio (TÍO2), óxido de magnésio (MgO), óxido de níquel (NiO), óxido de cobalto (C03O4), óxido de vanádio (V2O5), óxido de tântalo (Ta20s), óxido de molibdênio (M0O3), óxido de tungsténio (WO3), pentóxido de nióbio (Nb20s), trióxido de boro (B2O3), óxido de chumbo (PbC>2), tetróxido de chumbo (PbsCU) óxido de manganês (MnC>2), óxido de silício (S1O2), e/ou óxido de bismuto (BÍ2O3). Faixas de fração mássica possíveis da fase sólida estão contidas em entre 30% a 95% da massa total da formulação de termita bombeável.
[023] Em relação à fase fluída, esta deverá ser energética e compreende de 5% a 70% da massa total de formulação de termita bombeável e pode ter frações ou mistura das seguintes substâncias: água, óleo mineral (hidrocarboneto alifáticos hidrogenados ou não), óleos vegetais (soja, rícino, algodão, girassol e/ou amendoim), dietanolamina, poliisobutileno com terminações de anidrido succínico (PIBSA), monooleato de sorbitan (SMO), lecitina de soja, lecitina de ovo, vaselina líquida, parafina líquida, glicerina, metanol, etanol, n-propanol, álcool isopropílico, butanol e seus isõmeros, pentanol e seus isõmeros, formiato de metila, formiato de etila, formiato de propila e seus isõmeros, formiato de butila e seus isõmeros, formiato de pentila e seus isõmeros, acetato de metila, acetato de etila, acetato de propila e seus isõmeros, acetato de butila e seus isõmeros, acetato de pentila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de metila, butanoato de etila, butanoato de propila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de butila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de pentila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de metila, pentanoato de etila, pentanoato de propila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de butila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de pentila e seus isõmeros, acetona, butanona, metil-isobutil-cetona, 2- pentanona e seus isõmeros, 2-hexanona e seus isõmeros, éter dimetílico, éter dietílico e seus isõmeros, metil-etil éter, éter dipropílico e seus isõmeros, metil-propil éter, etil- propil éter, éter dibutílico e seus isõmeros, 2-metoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2- etoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-propoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-isopropoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-butoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-fenoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2- benziloxietanol e seus isõmeros, 1-metox-2-propanol e seus isõmeros, dietilenoglicol monometil éter, dietilenoglicol monoetil éter, dipropilenoglicol monometil éter, dimetilformamida (DMF), dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO), 1-metil 2-pirrolidona, nitroglicerina, dinitrato de trietilenoglicol, dinitrato de dietilenoglicol, tetranitrato de pentaeritritol (PETN), trinitrotolueno (TNT), nitrocelulose, nitroguanidina, ciclotrimetilenotrinitramina (RDX), ciclotetrametileno-tetranitramina (HMX), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), nitrato de amónio, nitrato de sódio, nitrato de potássio, bismutato de sódio, perclorato de amónio, perclorato de sódio, perclorato de potássio, clorato de potássio, cromato de bário, enxofre, permanganato de potássio, permanganato de sódio, dicromato de potássio, peróxido de hidrogénio, fosfato de cálcio, fosfato dicálcico, fosfato tricálcico, pirofosfato
de sódio, fosfato de alumínio, fosfato de sódio, fosfato de potássio, fosfato de amónio, carbonato de cálcio, carbonato de sódio e/ou carbonato de chumbo. [022] Possible solid phase embodiments include mass fractions of metals and/or alloys such as aluminum, iron, steel, manganese, boron (amorphous or metallic), magnesium, tungsten, titanium, bismuth, lead, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc , gallium, indium, silicon and/or tin and also metallic oxides such as iron oxides (Fe 2 C> 3 , FesCU, FeO, hematite and/or magnetite), copper oxide (CuO), chromium oxide (Cr 2 C> 3 ), titanium oxide (TIO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), cobalt oxide (C0 3 O 4 ), vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 0s), molybdenum oxide (M0O 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 0s), boron trioxide (B 2 O 3 ), lead oxide (PbC> 2 ), lead tetroxide (PbsCU), manganese oxide (MnC> 2 ), silicon oxide (S1O 2 ), and/or bismuth oxide (BÍ 2 O 3 ). Possible solid phase mass fraction ranges are contained within between 30% to 95% of the total mass of the pumpable thermite formulation. [023] Regarding the fluid phase, it must be energetic and comprises from 5% to 70% of the total mass of pumpable thermite formulation and may have fractions or mixtures of the following substances: water, mineral oil (hydrogenated or not aliphatic hydrocarbons) , vegetable oils (soybean, castor, cotton, sunflower and/or peanut), diethanolamine, polyisobutylene with succinic anhydride ends (PIBSA), sorbitan monooleate (SMO), soy lecithin, egg lecithin, liquid petroleum jelly, liquid paraffin, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol and its isomers, pentanol and its isomers, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate and its isomers, butyl formate and its isomers, pentyl formate and its isomers isomers, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate and its isomers, butyl acetate and its isomers, pentyl acetate and its isomers, methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, propyl butanoate and its isomers, b-butanoate utila and its isomers, pentyl butanoate and its isomers, methyl pentanoate, ethyl pentanoate, propyl pentanoate and its isomers, butyl pentanoate and its isomers, pentyl pentanoate and its isomers, acetone, butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone , 2-pentanone and its isomers, 2-hexanone and its isomers, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and its isomers, methyl ethyl ether, dipropyl ether and its isomers, methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, dibutyl ether and its isomers , 2-methoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-ethoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-propoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-isopropoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-butoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-phenoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-benzyloxyethanol and its isomers, 1-methox-2-propanol and its isomers, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1-methyl 2-pyrrolidone, nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate icol, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitrocellulose, nitroguanidine, cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium bismutate , ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium chlorate, barium chromate, sulfur, potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate, potassium dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, pyrophosphate sodium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and/or lead carbonate.
[024] Opcionalmente, a formulação da termita bombeável pode ser aditivada com agentes tensoativos ou fundentes (flux) para melhorar sua adesão a outros materiais. Os tensoativos aplicáveis à formulação de térmita podem ser selecionados dentre aqueles conhecidos do técnico no assunto e comercialmente disponíveis. Igualmente, os fundentes podem ser selecionados de uma ampla variedade de compostos, que inclui, mas não se limita a, bórax, cloreto de amónio, cloreto de zinco, colofónia e/ou produtos comerciais destinados ao aumento de fluidez e/ou separação de óxidos de ligas metálicas fundidas. [024] Optionally, the pumpable thermite formulation can be added with surfactants or flux agents to improve its adhesion to other materials. Surfactants applicable to the termite formulation can be selected from those known to the person skilled in the art and commercially available. Also, fluxes can be selected from a wide variety of compounds, including, but not limited to, borax, ammonium chloride, zinc chloride, rosin and/or commercial products intended for fluidity enhancement and/or oxide separation. of molten metal alloys.
[025] A formulação de termita bombeável se diferencia das convencionais no Estado da Técnica por: (1) sua capacidade de ser transportada hidraulicamente através de componentes de poços de petróleo, independentemente de suas geometrias, utilizando bombas, e; (2) apresentar uma fase fluída que preenche os vazios entre as partículas, a qual é capaz de liberar energia na forma de calor ao atingir a temperatura de autoignição, ao contrário dos gases e outros líquidos quaisquer que outrossim absorveriam energia durante a reação. [025] The pumpable thermite formulation differs from the conventional ones in the State of the Art by: (1) its ability to be hydraulically transported through oil well components, regardless of their geometries, using pumps, and; (2) present a fluid phase that fills the voids between the particles, which is capable of releasing energy in the form of heat upon reaching the auto-ignition temperature, unlike gases and other liquids which would otherwise absorb energy during the reaction.
[026] Em um aspecto adicional, a formulação pode ser obtida a partir das etapas a seguir: a) Preparação e homogeneização da fase sólida; b) Preparação de uma fase líquida contínua, a partir da adição de um ou mais dispersantes e/ou solventes e uma quantidade necessária de substâncias líquidas reativas; c) Preparação de uma fase fluída por meio da dispersão de componentes sólidos na fase líquida da Etapa b), mantendo sua fluidez, e; d) Combinação da fase da Etapa a) com a fase fluída da Etapa c) e opcionalmente proceder com a adição de tensoativos, fundentes e/ou outros aditivos. [026] In an additional aspect, the formulation can be obtained from the following steps: a) Preparation and homogenization of the solid phase; b) Preparation of a continuous liquid phase, from the addition of one or more dispersants and/or solvents and a necessary amount of reactive liquid substances; c) Preparation of a fluid phase by dispersing solid components in the liquid phase of Step b), maintaining its fluidity, and; d) Combination of the phase from Step a) with the fluid phase from Step c) and optionally proceed with the addition of surfactants, fluxes and/or other additives.
[027] Como princípio geral, a obtenção da formulação é realizada em condições de vigorosa agitação. Podem ser empregados agitadores de alta velocidade como do tipo turbinas, hélices ou discos Cowles. Podem, também, ser utilizados
misturadores de baixa velocidade, como por exemplo misturador sigma ou planetário. [028] Para fins ilustrativos, a seguir serão descritos alguns exemplos de formulação. [027] As a general principle, obtaining the formulation is carried out under conditions of vigorous agitation. High speed agitators such as turbines, propellers or Cowles discs can be used. They can also be used low speed mixers, such as sigma or planetary mixers. [028] For illustrative purposes, some formulation examples will be described below.
Tabela 1 - Exemplo de formulação 1
Tabela 2 - Exemplo de formulação 2
Table 1 - Example of formulation 1 Table 2 - Example of formulation 2
Tabela 3 - Exemplo de formulação 3
Table 3 - Example of formulation 3
Método preferencial de uso das formulações Preferred method of use of formulations
[029] Considerando a Figura 1, o poço de petróleo típico é constituído de um meio externo (1), que contém rocha e cimento, um tubo de revestimento (2), uma coluna de produção (5), um equipamento de vedação do anular denominado packer (6), um
artefato de vedação da coluna de produção denominado bridge plug (7), a região anular A (4) delimitada entre a coluna de produção e o tubo de revestimento, que é preenchida com líquidos aquosos, e perfurações (3) na coluna de produção que são feitas em operações de canhoneio, a fim de comunicar o interior da coluna de produção com a região do anular A e possibilitar a circulação de fluidos pelo poço. [029] Considering Figure 1, the typical oil well consists of an external environment (1), which contains rock and cement, a casing tube (2), a production column (5), a sealing equipment of the annul called packer(6), a production column sealing artifact called bridge plug (7), the annular region A (4) delimited between the production column and the casing tube, which is filled with aqueous liquids, and perforations (3) in the production column that are made in perforation operations, in order to communicate the interior of the production column with the region of the annulus A and allow the circulation of fluids through the well.
[030] A Figura 2 ilustra a série de etapas envolvidas no método de fechamento e abandono de poços empregando a formulação de termita bombeável descrita: a) cálculo da quantidade da formulação de termita bombeável conforme definida na reivindicação 1; b) operação de canhoneio para perfurar a coluna de produção e comunicá-la hidraulicamente com a região do anular A; c) lançamento de pelo menos um wiper plug para isolamento da formulação de termita bombeável em relação ao fluido que ocupa o interior da coluna de produção; d) opcionalmente, transporte de um isolante térmico bombeável até a zona de aplicação seguido pelo lançamento opcional de um wiper plug-, e) transporte da formulação de termita bombeável até a zona de aplicação por meio de operação de bombeamento; f) escoamento da formulação de termita bombeável e ocupação dos espaços da coluna de produção e da região do anular A na zona de aplicação, e; g) ignição da formulação da termita bombeável e geração de metais em fase líquida, destruição de parte da coluna de produção e suas linhas auxiliares e/ou geração de uma barreira metálica solidária à estrutura do poço contra o fluxo de hidrocarbonetos. [030] Figure 2 illustrates the series of steps involved in the method of closing and abandoning wells using the pumpable thermite formulation described: a) calculating the amount of the pumpable thermite formulation as defined in claim 1; b) perforating the production column and hydraulically communicating it with the annular region A; c) launching at least one wiper plug to isolate the pumpable thermite formulation from the fluid that occupies the interior of the production column; d) optionally transporting a pumpable thermal insulator to the application zone followed by the optional release of a wiper plug-, e) transporting the pumpable thermite formulation to the application zone by means of a pumping operation; f) flow of the pumpable thermite formulation and occupation of the spaces of the production column and the region of the annulus A in the application area, and; g) ignition of the pumpable thermite formulation and generation of metals in liquid phase, destruction of part of the production column and its auxiliary lines and/or generation of a metallic barrier solidary to the well structure against the flow of hydrocarbons.
[031] A formulação de termita bombeável é transportada até a zona de aplicação utilizando equipamentos concebidos para transporte de cimento em poços de petróleo ou semelhantes com auxílio de wiper plugs e/ou coiled tubing (CT). O fluxo de termita passa através dos orifícios gerados por uma operação de canhoneio, escoando para a região Anular A. O bombeio é realizado da superfície em direção ao fundo do poço, pelo interior da coluna de produção, enviando opcionalmente à zona de aplicação um isolante térmico bombeável, seguido de um wiper plug inferior, que é empurrado hidraulicamente como um pistão pelo material energético bombeável, que é empurrado
do mesmo modo pelo wiper plug superior, que por sua vez é empurrado do mesmo modo por fluido até a posição desejada. Nesta etapa o isolante térmico bombeável pode circular de dentro da coluna de produção para a região do anular A, passando pelas perfurações feitas especificamente para esse fim por operação de canhoneio. As quantidades de materiais transferidos para o interior do poço podem ser contabilizadas a fim de determinar o volume por eles ocupado. [031] The pumpable thermite formulation is transported to the application area using equipment designed to transport cement in oil wells or similar with the aid of wiper plugs and/or coiled tubing (CT). The thermite flow passes through the holes generated by a perforation operation, flowing to the annular region A. The pump is carried out from the surface towards the bottom of the well, through the interior of the production column, optionally sending an insulator to the application area pumpable thermal, followed by a lower wiper plug, which is hydraulically pushed like a piston by the pumpable energetic material, which is pushed likewise by the upper wiper plug, which in turn is pushed in the same way by fluid to the desired position. At this stage, the pumpable thermal insulator can circulate from inside the production column to the annulus A region, passing through the perforations made specifically for this purpose by perforating operation. The quantities of materials transferred into the well can be counted in order to determine the volume occupied by them.
[032] Conforme o wiper plug inferior ultrapassa a primeira linha de perfurações na coluna de produção o material energético bombeável passa a circular para o anular A, sobre a camada opcional pré-estabelecida de isolante térmico bombeável, se acomodando e ocupando a maior parte dos espaços antes ocupados por fluido do poço, geralmente aquoso. Para que essa etapa seja bem-sucedida, a densidade da termita bombeável deve ser maior que a do fluido do poço em questão. [032] As the lower wiper plug goes beyond the first line of perforations in the production column, the pumpable energy material starts to circulate to annular A, over the pre-established optional layer of pumpable thermal insulation, accommodating and occupying most of the spaces previously occupied by well fluid, usually aqueous. For this step to be successful, the density of the pumpable thermite must be greater than that of the well fluid in question.
[033] Ao receber comando de ignição, os wiper plugs iniciam a reação da termita bombeável, gerando uma temperatura superior a 1500°C, causando destruição parcial da coluna de produção e de linhas de cabos elétricos e tubulações hidráulicas a ela associadas, podendo causar danos parciais ao tubo de revestimento e às suas circunvizinhanças, e permitindo que os resíduos em fase sólida e líquida da reação da termita bombeável sejam acumulados no interior do poço. O produto final do processo será a destruição de parte da coluna de produção ( milling ) e/ou a deposição de uma ou mais fases sólidas no interior do poço, que constituem barreira permanente contra a fuga de hidrocarbonetos, efetivando o que é classificado na indústria do Óleo e Gás como o fechamento permanente do poço ( plugging ). O método aqui descrito não requer prévia remoção da coluna de produção para realizar o fechamento de poços, viabilizando o que é classificado na indústria do Óleo e Gás como processo through tubing. [033] Upon receiving the ignition command, the wiper plugs initiate the pumpable thermite reaction, generating a temperature above 1500°C, causing partial destruction of the production column and electrical cable lines and associated hydraulic pipes, which may cause partial damage to the casing pipe and its surroundings, and allowing solid and liquid phase residues from the pumpable thermite reaction to accumulate inside the well. The end product of the process will be the destruction of part of the production column (milling) and/or the deposition of one or more solid phases inside the well, which constitute a permanent barrier against the leakage of hydrocarbons, effecting what is classified in the industry of Oil and Gas as the permanent closing of the well ( plugging ). The method described here does not require the previous removal of the production column to close the wells, enabling what is classified in the Oil and Gas industry as a through tubing process.
[034] De acordo com a presente invenção, poços de petróleo são selados por meio de ignição de termita bombeável composta por metais, óxidos metálicos e uma fase fluída. Os metais e óxidos metálicos participam da reação de termita, enquanto a fase fluída contínua possui reatividade suficiente para sofrer transformações químicas no processo e gerar calor.
[035] Outras abordagens para emprego do método e da formulação podem incluir sistemas de defesa, extração de superfície, mineração subterrânea, pedreiras, construção civil, e/ou exploração sísmica ou em outras formações geológicas na terra ou no mar. Deve ser notado que muitas modalidades diferentes podem ser utilizadas, e, portanto, a descrição não deve ser interpretada como limitativa.
[034] According to the present invention, oil wells are sealed by means of ignition of pumpable thermite composed of metals, metal oxides and a fluid phase. Metals and metallic oxides participate in the thermite reaction, while the continuous fluid phase has sufficient reactivity to undergo chemical transformations in the process and generate heat. [035] Other approaches to employing the method and formulation may include defense systems, surface extraction, underground mining, quarrying, construction, and/or seismic exploration or other geological formations on land or at sea. It should be noted that many different modalities can be used, and therefore the description should not be construed as limiting.
Claims
1. Formulações de termita bombeável, caracterizadas por compreender uma formulação fisicamente estabilizada em forma de coloide, suspensão, lama, pasta e/ou slurry compreendendo uma fase sólida consistindo de metais e/ou ligas metálicas e óxidos metálicos, uma fase fluída energética e, opcionalmente, aditivos, dita fase fluida energética selecionada do grupo consistindo de água, óleo mineral (hidrocarboneto alifáticos hidrogenados ou não), óleos vegetais (soja, rícino, algodão, girassol e/ou amendoim), dietanolamina, poliisobutileno com terminações de anidrido succínico (PIBSA), monooleato de sorbitan (SMO), lecitina de soja, lecitina de ovo, vaselina líquida, parafina líquida, glicerina, metanol, etanol, n-propanol, álcool isopropílico, butanol e seus isõmeros, pentanol e seus isõmeros, formiato de metila, formiato de etila, formiato de propila e seus isõmeros, formiato de butila e seus isõmeros, formiato de pentila e seus isõmeros, acetato de metila, acetato de etila, acetato de propila e seus isõmeros, acetato de butila e seus isõmeros, acetato de pentila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de metila, butanoato de etila, butanoato de propila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de butila e seus isõmeros, butanoato de pentila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de metila, pentanoato de etila, pentanoato de propila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de butila e seus isõmeros, pentanoato de pentila e seus isõmeros, acetona, butanona, metil-isobutil-cetona, 2-pentanona e seus isõmeros, 2-hexanona e seus isõmeros, éter dimetílico, éter dietílico e seus isõmeros, metil-etil éter, éter dipropílico e seus isõmeros, metil-propil éter, etil-propil éter, éter dibutílico e seus isõmeros, 2-metoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-etoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-propoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2- isopropoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-butoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-fenoxietanol e seus isõmeros, 2-benziloxietanol e seus isõmeros, 1-metox-2-propanol e seus isõmeros, dietilenoglicol monometil éter, dietilenoglicol monoetil éter, dipropilenoglicol monometil éter, dimetilformamida (DMF), dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO), 1-metil 2-pirrolidona, nitroglicerina, dinitrato de trietilenoglicol, dinitrato de dietilenoglicol, tetranitrato de pentaeritritol (PETN), trinitrotolueno (TNT), nitrocelulose, nitroguanidina, ciclotrimetilenotrinitramina (RDX), ciclotetrametileno-tetranitramina (HMX), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), nitrato de amónio, nitrato de sódio, nitrato de potássio,
bismutato de sódio, perclorato de amónio, perclorato de sódio, perclorato de potássio, clorato de potássio, cromato de bário, enxofre, permanganato de potássio, permanganato de sódio, dicromato de potássio, peróxido de hidrogénio, fosfato de cálcio, fosfato dicálcico, fosfato tricálcico, pirofosfato de sódio, fosfato de alumínio, fosfato de sódio, fosfato de potássio, fosfato de amónio, carbonato de cálcio, carbonato de sódio e/ou carbonato de chumbo e mistura dos mesmos em uma porcentagem de massa entre 30% a 95% de fase sólida e 5% a 70% de fase fluída. 1. Pumpable thermite formulations, characterized in that they comprise a physically stabilized formulation in colloid, suspension, slurry, paste and/or slurry form comprising a solid phase consisting of metals and/or metal alloys and metal oxides, an energetic fluid phase and, optionally, additives, said energetic fluid phase selected from the group consisting of water, mineral oil (hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons), vegetable oils (soybean, castor, cotton, sunflower and/or peanut), diethanolamine, polyisobutylene with succinic anhydride terminations ( PIBSA), sorbitan monooleate (SMO), soy lecithin, egg lecithin, liquid petroleum jelly, liquid paraffin, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol and its isomers, pentanol and its isomers, methyl formate , ethyl formate, propyl formate and its isomers, butyl formate and its isomers, pentyl formate and its isomers, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, prop acetate yl and its isomers, butyl acetate and its isomers, pentyl acetate and its isomers, methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, propyl butanoate and its isomers, butyl butanoate and its isomers, pentyl butanoate and its isomers, methyl, ethyl pentanoate, propyl pentanoate and its isomers, butyl pentanoate and its isomers, pentyl pentanoate and its isomers, acetone, butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-pentanone and its isomers, 2-hexanone and its isomers , dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and its isomers, methyl ethyl ether, dipropyl ether and its isomers, methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, dibutyl ether and its isomers, 2-methoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-ethoxyethanol and its isomers , 2-propoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-isopropoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-butoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-phenoxyethanol and its isomers, 2-benzyloxyethanol and its isomers, 1-methox-2-propanol and its isomers, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether , monoethyl diethylene glycol is ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1-methyl 2-pyrrolidone, nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitrocellulose, nitroguanidine, cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium bismuthate, ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium chlorate, barium chromate, sulfur, potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate, potassium dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, calcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, phosphate tricalcium, sodium pyrophosphate, aluminum phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and/or lead carbonate and mixing them in a mass percentage between 30% to 95% solid phase and 5% to 70% fluid phase.
2. Formulações de termita bombeável, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizadas pelo fato de a fase sólida ser selecionada do grupo consistindo de metais ou ligas compreendendo alumínio, ferro, aço, manganês, boro (amorfo ou metálico), magnésio, tungsténio, titânio, bismuto, chumbo, mercúrio, cromo, cobre, zinco, gálio, índio, silício e/ou estanho e óxidos metálicos. 2. Pumpable thermite formulations according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid phase is selected from the group consisting of metals or alloys comprising aluminum, iron, steel, manganese, boron (amorphous or metallic), magnesium, tungsten, titanium, bismuth, lead, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc, gallium, indium, silicon and/or tin and metal oxides.
3. Formulações de termita bombeável, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizadas pelo fato dos óxidos metálicos serem selecionados do grupo consistindo de óxidos de ferro (Fe2C>3, FesCU, FeO, hematita e/ou magnetita), óxido de cobre (CuO), óxido de cromo (( 203), óxido de titânio (TÍO2), óxido de magnésio (MgO), óxido de níquel (NiO), óxido de cobalto (C03O4), óxido de vanádio (V2O5), óxido de tântalo (Ta2C>5), óxido de molibdênio (M0O3), óxido de tungsténio (WO3), pentóxido de nióbio (N02qd), trióxido de boro (B2O3), óxido de chumbo (PbC>2), tetróxido de chumbo (PbsCU) óxido de manganês (MnC>2), óxido de silício (S1O2), e/ou óxido de bismuto (BÍ2O3) e mistura dos mesmos. 3. Pumpable thermite formulations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metallic oxides are selected from the group consisting of iron oxides (Fe2C>3, FesCU, FeO, hematite and/or magnetite), copper oxide (CuO), chromium oxide ((203), titanium oxide (TIO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), cobalt oxide (C0 3 O 4 ), vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 C> 5 ), molybdenum oxide (M0O 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), niobium pentoxide (N0 2 q d ), boron trioxide (B 2 O 3 ) , lead oxide (PbC> 2 ), lead tetroxide (PbsCU) manganese oxide (MnC> 2 ), silicon oxide (S1O 2 ), and/or bismuth oxide (BÍ 2 O 3 ) and mixtures thereof.
4. Formulações, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizadas pelo fato de ser aditivadas com agentes tensoativos e/ou componentes fundentes. 4. Formulations, according to claim 1, characterized in that they are added with surfactants and/or fluxing components.
5. Formulações, de acordo com a reivindicação 4, caracterizadas pelo fato dos componentes fundentes serem selecionados dentre bórax, cloreto de amónio, cloreto de zinco, colofónia e/ou produtos comerciais destinados ao aumento de fluidez e/ou separação de óxidos de ligas metálicas fundidas. 5. Formulations, according to claim 4, characterized in that the flux components are selected from borax, ammonium chloride, zinc chloride, rosin and/or commercial products intended to increase fluidity and/or separate oxides from metal alloys fused.
6. Método para fechamento e abandono de poços de petróleo caracterizado por compreender as etapas de: a) cálculo da quantidade da formulação de termita bombeável conforme definida
na reivindicação 1; b) operação de canhoneio para perfurar a coluna de produção e comunicá-la hidraulicamente com a região do anular A; c) lançamento de pelo menos um wiper plug para isolamento da formulação de termita bombeável em relação ao fluido que ocupa o interior da coluna de produção; d) opcionalmente, transporte de um isolante térmico bombeável até a zona de aplicação seguido pelo lançamento opcional de um wiper plug-, e) transporte da formulação de termita bombeável até a zona de aplicação por meio de operação de bombeamento; f) escoamento da formulação de termita bombeável e ocupação dos espaços da coluna de produção e da região do anular A na zona de aplicação, e; g) ignição da formulação da termita bombeável e geração de metais em fase líquida, destruição de parte da coluna de produção e suas linhas auxiliares e/ou geração de uma barreira metálica solidária à estrutura do poço contra o fluxo de hidrocarbonetos. 6. Method for closing and abandoning oil wells characterized by comprising the steps of: a) calculating the amount of pumpable thermite formulation as defined in claim 1; b) perforating the production column and hydraulically communicating it with the annular region A; c) launching at least one wiper plug to isolate the pumpable thermite formulation from the fluid that occupies the interior of the production column; d) optionally transporting a pumpable thermal insulator to the application zone followed by the optional release of a wiper plug-, e) transporting the pumpable thermite formulation to the application zone by means of a pumping operation; f) flow of the pumpable thermite formulation and occupation of the spaces of the production column and the region of the annulus A in the application area, and; g) ignition of the pumpable thermite formulation and generation of metals in liquid phase, destruction of part of the production column and its auxiliary lines and/or generation of a metallic barrier solidary to the well structure against the flow of hydrocarbons.
7. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 6, caracterizado pelo fato da etapa “c” compreender bombeamento de fluidos para deslocar a termita bombeável até a posição desejada na zona de aplicação. 7. Method, according to claim 6, characterized in that step "c" comprises pumping fluids to move the pumpable thermite to the desired position in the application zone.
8. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 6, caracterizado pela barreira ser composta por metais fundidos provenientes da reação da termita bombeável e de fração fundida da coluna de produção. Method, according to claim 6, characterized in that the barrier is composed of molten metals from the reaction of pumpable thermite and molten fraction of the production column.
9. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 6, caracterizado pela destruição de parte da coluna de produção e suas linhas auxiliares, de modo que uma parte do poço esteja isenta de coluna de produção. Method, according to claim 6, characterized by the destruction of part of the production column and its auxiliary lines, so that a part of the well is free from the production column.
10. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 6, caracterizado pelo fato da etapa “c” compreender a utilização de uma estação de bombeamento de cimento ou similar.
10. Method, according to claim 6, characterized in that step "c" comprises the use of a cement pumping station or similar.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRBR1020210068353 | 2021-04-09 | ||
| BR102021006835-3A BR102021006835A2 (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | PUMPABLE TERMITA FORMULATIONS WITH ENERGY FLUID PHASE AND METHOD FOR CLOSING AND ABANDONMENT OF OIL WELLS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2022213168A1 true WO2022213168A1 (en) | 2022-10-13 |
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ID=83544936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2022/050124 WO2022213168A1 (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-07 | Formulations for pumpable thermite with an energetic fluid phase and method for closing and abandoning oil wells |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR102021006835A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022213168A1 (en) |
Citations (8)
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| US5248425A (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1993-09-28 | Corning Incorporated | Aqueous thermite coated filter |
| US5463169A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1995-10-31 | Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. | Process for destroying pyrotechnic material |
| US20140262249A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hydraulic fracturing with exothermic reaction |
| US20160032654A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-02-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Encapsulated explosives for drilling wellbores |
| US20160130903A1 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2016-05-12 | Robertson Intellectual Properties, LLC | Casing Removal Tool And Methods Of Use For Well Abandonment |
| EP3247870B1 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2020-03-11 | Robertson Intellectual Properties, LLC | Casing removal tool and methods of use for well abandonment |
| WO2020144091A2 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | ISOL8 (Holdings) Limited | Downhole method and apparatus |
| WO2020240211A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | Panda-Seal International Ltd | Thermite method of abandoning a well |
-
2021
- 2021-04-09 BR BR102021006835-3A patent/BR102021006835A2/en unknown
-
2022
- 2022-04-07 WO PCT/BR2022/050124 patent/WO2022213168A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5463169A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1995-10-31 | Buck Werke Gmbh & Co. | Process for destroying pyrotechnic material |
| US5248425A (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1993-09-28 | Corning Incorporated | Aqueous thermite coated filter |
| US20160130903A1 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2016-05-12 | Robertson Intellectual Properties, LLC | Casing Removal Tool And Methods Of Use For Well Abandonment |
| US20140262249A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hydraulic fracturing with exothermic reaction |
| US20160032654A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-02-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Encapsulated explosives for drilling wellbores |
| EP3247870B1 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2020-03-11 | Robertson Intellectual Properties, LLC | Casing removal tool and methods of use for well abandonment |
| WO2020144091A2 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | ISOL8 (Holdings) Limited | Downhole method and apparatus |
| WO2020240211A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | Panda-Seal International Ltd | Thermite method of abandoning a well |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR102021006835A2 (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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