WO2022205689A1 - 一种激光器发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜 - Google Patents

一种激光器发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜 Download PDF

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WO2022205689A1
WO2022205689A1 PCT/CN2021/107552 CN2021107552W WO2022205689A1 WO 2022205689 A1 WO2022205689 A1 WO 2022205689A1 CN 2021107552 W CN2021107552 W CN 2021107552W WO 2022205689 A1 WO2022205689 A1 WO 2022205689A1
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light
collimating lens
laser
emitting surface
light emitting
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PCT/CN2021/107552
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王灏
秦海棠
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杭州耀芯科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022205689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022205689A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
    • G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
    • G02B17/0668—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror having non-imaging properties
    • G02B17/0684—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror having non-imaging properties for light collecting, e.g. for use with a detector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/0808—Mirrors having a single reflecting layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4206—Optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4296—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B2003/0093—Simple or compound lenses characterised by the shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/0014—Measuring characteristics or properties thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
    • H01S5/0225—Out-coupling of light
    • H01S5/02251—Out-coupling of light using optical fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a laser luminous power monitoring system, a laser luminous power monitoring method, and a collimating lens used in the monitoring system or the monitoring method.
  • the light emitted by the laser is coupled into the optical fiber after passing through the optical system to realize the optical signal transmission.
  • the laser-to-fiber system will be optimized in design and packaged so that the output optical power of the fiber meets the application requirements.
  • the stability of the luminous power of the laser itself will be affected by factors such as driving current, temperature, time, and its own life.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser luminous power monitoring system, a monitoring method and a collimating lens thereof, so as to at least to a certain extent solve the above-mentioned defects in monitoring the luminous power of a laser without a backlight design.
  • a collimating lens is used for receiving a divergent light beam and converting it into a collimated light beam
  • the collimating lens comprises a lens body, wherein the lens body comprises: a light incident surface for inputting the divergent light beam; a first light emitting surface; a second light emitting surface; and a reflective surface for reflecting a certain proportion of light beams to the second light emitting surface.
  • the lens body includes a cylindrical segment and a truncated circular segment, the free end of the cylindrical segment constitutes the light incident surface, and the free end of the circular truncated segment constitutes the first light exit surface
  • the free end of the circular truncated segment is formed with a protruding part along the optical axis direction, the protruding part is coated with a reflective film to form the reflective surface, and the other end of the circular truncated segment protrudes from the side of the cylindrical segment
  • the part constitutes the second light emitting surface.
  • the included angle ⁇ between the plane where the second light emitting surface is located and the optical axis of the first light emitting surface is configured such that the included angle ⁇ is such that the reflected light is reflected by the light.
  • the incident angle of the light beam reflected by the surface on the second light emitting surface is smaller than the total reflection angle; and the height of the second light emitting surface is configured so that the light beam reflected by the reflective surface can be completely incident on the second light emitting surface.
  • the projection of the reflective surface on the free end of the truncated circular segment is a sector, and the area S 13 of the sector is configured as
  • S13 is the area of the fan
  • S12 is the area of the first light-emitting surface
  • W1 is the required power of the feedback beam
  • W2 is the total power of the beam input to the light - incident surface.
  • the light incident surface is a convex spherical surface
  • the first light exit surface is a flat surface
  • the light incident surface is a plane
  • the first light exit surface is a convex spherical surface
  • a laser luminous power monitoring system comprising: a laser; the collimating lens according to any one of the above; The chip is connected to the optical path of the second light emitting surface of the collimating lens.
  • a method for monitoring the luminous power of a laser comprising the following steps: a laser emits a beam to a light incident surface of a collimating lens; a first light emitting surface of the collimating lens emits a collimated beam and transmits it to an optical fiber; The second light emitting surface emits a feedback beam to the photoelectric conversion chip; and generates the luminous power of the laser according to the converted electrical signal of the photoelectric conversion chip; wherein, the collimating lens is any one of the above-mentioned collimating lenses.
  • the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
  • the light-emitting power can be split without adding additional optical elements, which is beneficial to the realization of low cost and miniaturization of the light emitting unit.
  • the ratio of the monitored power can also be controlled.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a collimating lens
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light incident surface and a second light exit surface
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first light-emitting surface and a light-reflecting surface
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an embodiment of a laser luminous power monitoring system
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of adjusting the beam direction by ⁇ angle
  • 6-8 are schematic diagrams of adjusting the ratio of the feedback light to the total luminous power of the laser
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a collimating lens
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a light incident surface and a second light exit surface of the collimating lens of the other embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a first light-emitting surface and a light-reflecting surface of the collimating lens of the other embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of another embodiment of a laser luminous power monitoring system
  • Lens body 11. Light incident surface; 12. First light-emitting surface; 13. Reflective surface; 14. Second light-emitting surface;
  • FIGS. 1-3 One embodiment of a collimating lens is shown in FIGS. 1-3 .
  • the collimating lens integrates two functions: the first is to collimate the emitted light of the laser, and the second is to intercept a certain proportion of the optical power for optical power control.
  • the collimating lens includes a lens body 1, and the lens body 1 includes: a light incident surface 11 for input of divergent beams; a first light exit surface 12 for output of collimated beams; a second light exit surface 14 ; and the reflective surface 13 for reflecting a certain proportion of the light beam to the output of the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • the lens body 1 includes a cylindrical section and a circular truncated section, the free end of the cylindrical section constitutes the light incident surface 11, the light incident surface 11 is specifically designed as a convex spherical surface, and the free end of the circular truncated section constitutes the first light exit surface 12,
  • the light emitting surface 12 is specifically designed as a plane, and the free end of the circular truncated section is formed with a protruding portion along the direction of the optical axis. , the part of the other end of the circular truncated segment protruding from the side of the cylindrical segment constitutes the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • FIG. 4 An optical path of an embodiment of a laser luminous power monitoring system is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the laser luminous power monitoring system includes: a laser 2; the above-mentioned collimating lens; and a photoelectric conversion chip 3; It is connected with the optical path of the second light emitting surface 14 of the collimating lens.
  • the method for monitoring the luminous power of the laser is as follows: the laser 2 emits a beam with a certain divergence angle, and after passing through the light incident surface 11 of the collimating lens, it becomes a collimated beam. After most of the collimated light beams reach the first light-emitting surface 12, the transmission direction does not change, and exits from the first light-emitting surface 12 to enter the subsequent fiber coupling system, that is, the coupling lens 4 in FIG. 4, the coupling system will The collimated light beam is focused and coupled into the optical fiber 5 to transmit the optical signal, and this part of the light is also referred to as the transmitted light energy 62 .
  • This part of the beam is referred to as the feedback beam or the feedback light energy 61. Because the ratio of the feedback beam to the total beam is fixed, the luminous power of the laser 2 can be monitored according to the power of the feedback beam.
  • the diameter of the first light-emitting surface 12 can be determined according to the divergence angle, focal length of the laser 2, and the thickness between the light-incident surface 11 of the collimating lens and the first light-emitting surface 12, and the diameter should be slightly larger than the size of the beam after collimation, That is, L1+2*L2.
  • the second light emitting surface 14 is of axisymmetric design, distributed on the periphery of the first light emitting surface 12 , and will not interfere with the divergent light beams incident on the first light emitting surface 12 and the reflective surface 13 .
  • the angle formed by the second light emitting surface 14 and the direction of the optical axis is ⁇ , and the value of the angle ⁇ is configured such that the angle ⁇ makes the incident angle of the light beam reflected by the reflective surface 13 on the second light emitting surface 14 smaller than the full angle ⁇ .
  • the reflection angle is set to avoid total reflection of the light beam inside the lens, so that the light beam exits from the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • the height (ie, L2 ) of the second light emitting surface 14 is configured so that the light beam reflected by the light reflecting surface 13 can be completely incident on the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • a and B represent the positions of different ⁇ angle values.
  • the incident angle of the light beam on the second light emitting surface 14 is AOIA
  • the incident angle of the light beam on the second light emitting surface 14 is AOIB
  • the two directions are different, which are the A1 and B1 directions respectively. Therefore, in order to meet the actual patch position requirements of the photoelectric conversion chip 3, it can be achieved by adjusting the angle ⁇ .
  • S13 is the fan shape area
  • S12 is the area of the first light-emitting surface 12
  • W1 is the required power of the feedback beam
  • W2 is the total power of the beam input to the light-incident surface 11 .
  • Figures 6 to 8 show three types of reflective surfaces 13 with different ratios. The ratio in Figure 6 is less than 25%, the ratio in Figure 7 is equal to 25%, and the ratio in Figure 8 is greater than 25%. Design specific proportions.
  • FIGS. 9-11 Another embodiment of a collimating lens is shown in FIGS. 9-11 .
  • the collimating lens integrates two functions: the first is to collimate the emitted light of the laser, and the second is to intercept a certain proportion of the optical power for optical power control.
  • the collimating lens includes a lens body 1, and the lens body 1 includes: a light incident surface 11 for inputting divergent beams; a first light exit surface 12 for outputting collimated beams; a second light exit surface 14 ; and the reflective surface 13 for reflecting a certain proportion of the light beam to the output of the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • the lens body 1 includes a cylindrical segment and a circular truncated segment, the free end of the cylindrical segment constitutes the light incident surface 11, the light incident surface 11 is specifically designed as a plane, the free end of the circular truncated segment constitutes the first light exit surface 12, the first The light emitting surface 12 is specifically designed as a convex spherical surface, and the free end of the circular truncated segment is formed with a protruding portion along the direction of the optical axis. The protruding portion is coated with a highly reflective film to form the reflective surface 13. An ellipsoid surface, the part of the other end of the truncated truncated segment protruding from the side of the cylindrical segment constitutes the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • FIG. 12 An optical path of another embodiment of a laser luminous power monitoring system is shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the laser luminous power monitoring system includes: a laser 2; the collimating lens of another embodiment described above; and a photoelectric conversion chip 3;
  • the photoelectric conversion chip 3 is optically connected to the second light emitting surface 14 of the collimating lens.
  • the method for monitoring the luminous power of the laser is as follows: the laser 2 emits a light beam with a certain divergence angle, and after passing through the light incident surface 11 of the collimating lens, most of the light beam is incident on the first light exit surface 12, and after being collimated by the first light exit surface 12, Outgoing to the subsequent fiber coupling system, namely the coupling lens 4 in FIG. 12 , the coupling system focuses the collimated beam and couples it into the fiber 5 to transmit the optical signal. This part of the light is also called the transmitted light energy 62 .
  • the luminous power of laser 2 After passing through the light incident surface 11 of the collimating lens, a small part of the light beam is incident on the reflective surface 13, and after being totally reflected by the reflective surface 13, it exits from the second light emitting surface 14, and then enters the photoelectric conversion chip 3. Part of the beam is called feedback beam or feedback light energy 61. Because the proportion of feedback beam to the total beam is fixed, the luminous power of laser 2 can be monitored according to the power of the feedback beam.
  • the diameter of the first light-emitting surface 12 can be determined according to the divergence angle, focal length of the laser 2, and the thickness L3 between the light-incident surface 11 of the collimating lens and the first light-emitting surface 12, and the diameter should be slightly larger than the beam size after collimation. , which is L1+2*L2.
  • the second light emitting surface 14 is of axisymmetric design, distributed on the periphery of the first light emitting surface 12 , and will not interfere with the divergent light beams incident on the first light emitting surface 12 and the reflective surface 13 .
  • the angle formed by the second light emitting surface 14 and the direction of the optical axis is ⁇ , and the value of the angle ⁇ is configured such that the angle ⁇ makes the incident angle of the light beam reflected by the reflective surface 13 on the second light emitting surface 14 smaller than the full angle ⁇ .
  • the reflection angle is set to avoid total reflection of the light beam inside the lens, so that the light beam exits from the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • the height (ie, L2 ) of the second light emitting surface 14 is configured so that the light beam reflected by the light reflecting surface 13 can be completely incident on the second light emitting surface 14 .
  • the direction of the light beam after it is emitted from the second light emitting surface 14 can be adjusted.
  • the area of the reflective surface 13 the ratio of the feedback beam to the total luminous power of the laser 2 can be adjusted.
  • the present invention makes the collimating lens have the spectroscopic function through the design of the collimating lens, so that in the monitoring of the luminous power of the laser, for the laser without the back light design, the additional optical elements are not added.
  • the splitting of the luminous power is realized, which is beneficial to realize the low cost and miniaturization of the light emitting unit.
  • the ⁇ angle value By changing the ⁇ angle value, the actual patch position requirement of the photoelectric conversion chip can be met.
  • the ratio of the monitoring power can be controlled.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

一种激光器（2）发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜，涉及光通信领域。准直透镜包括透镜本体（1），透镜本体（1）包括：供发散光束输入的入光面（11）；供准直光束输出的第一出光面（12）；第二出光面（14）；以及用于使一定比例的光束反射至第二出光面（14）输出的反光面（13）。激光器（2）发光功率监测系统包括：激光器（2）；准直透镜；以及光电转换芯片（3）；激光器（2）与准直透镜的入光面（11）光路连接，光电转换芯片（3）与准直透镜的第二出光面（14）光路连接。激光器（2）发光功率监测方法利用准直透镜分光给光电转换芯片（3），实现激光器（2）发光功率的监测。有利于实现光发射单元的低成本及小型化。

Description

一种激光器发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种激光器发光功率监测系统，激光器发光功率监测方法，以及该监测系统或监测方法中采用的准直透镜。
背景技术
在光通信系统中，激光器发出的光经过光学系统后耦合进光纤中，实现光信号传输。激光器到光纤的系统，会经过设计优化、封装固定以使光纤输出光功率满足应用需求。但是，激光器本身发光功率的稳定性会受驱动电流、温度、时间、本身寿命等因素的影响。为了防止激光器发光功率的波动对光纤通信系统的影响，需要对激光器的光功率值进行实时监测，并通过闭环控制系统，以达到稳定的光功率输出。
现有的监测方法有大概两类。一类是，对于带有背向光设计的激光器，例如边发射类FP/DFP半导体激光器，可以直接利用背向光实现输出光功率的监测；另一类是，对于无背向光设计的激光器，例如垂直腔面发射激光器(vcsel)，除了必须的准直/耦合透镜之外，需要使用分光片、分光棱镜等，从激光器的发出光功率中，获取一部分光功率用于监测光功率，但是这种方法会增加额外的光学元件，会增加光发射单元的体积及成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种激光器发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜，以至少在一定程度解决监测无背向光设计的激光器的发光功率所存在的上述缺陷。
为达上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种准直透镜，用于接收发散光束并转换成准直光束，所述准直透镜包括 透镜本体，其中，所述透镜本体包括：供发散光束输入的入光面；供准直光束输出的第一出光面；第二出光面；以及用于使一定比例的光束反射至所述第二出光面输出的反光面。
在上述的准直透镜中，优选地，所述透镜本体包括圆柱段和圆台段，所述圆柱段的自由端构成所述入光面，所述圆台段的自由端构成所述第一出光面，所述圆台段的自由端沿光轴方向形成有一凸出部，所述凸出部镀设反光膜构成所述反光面，所述圆台段的另一端的凸出于所述圆柱段侧部的部分构成所述第二出光面。
在上述的准直透镜中，优选地，所述第二出光面所在的平面与所述第一出光面的光轴的夹角θ的大小被配置为，所述夹角θ使得被所述反光面反射后的光束在所述第二出光面的入射角小于全反射角；且所述第二出光面的高度被配置为，能够使被所述反光面反射后的光束完全入射到所述第二出光面。
在上述的准直透镜中，优选地，所述反光面在所述圆台段的自由端的投影为扇形，所述扇形的面积S 13被配置为
S 13/(S 12+S 13)＝W 1/W 2
其中，S 13为所述扇形的面积，S 12为所述第一出光面的面积，W 1为需要的反馈光束的功率，W 2为输入所述入光面的光束的总功率。
在上述的准直透镜中，优选地，所述入光面为凸球面，所述第一出光面为平面。
在上述的准直透镜中，优选地，所述入光面为平面，所述第一出光面为凸球面。
一种激光器发光功率监测系统，其包括：激光器；如上述任意一项所述的准直透镜；以及光电转换芯片；所述激光器与所述准直透镜的入光面光路连接，所述光电转换芯片与所述准直透镜的第二出光面光路连接。
一种激光器发光功率监测方法，其包括以下步骤：激光器出射光束到准直 透镜的入光面；所述准直透镜的第一出光面出射准直光束，传输给光纤；所述准直透镜的第二出光面出射反馈光束至光电转换芯片；以及根据光电转换芯片的转换后的电信号生成所述激光器的发光功率；其中，所述准直透镜为上述任意一项所述的准直透镜。
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有以下有益效果：
对于无背向光设计的激光器，在不增加额外光学元件的基础上，实现了发光功率的分光，有利于实现光发射单元的低成本及小型化。还可控制监测功率的比例。
附图说明
图1为准直透镜的一实施例的立体图；
图2为其入光面和第二出光面的示意图；
图3为其第一出光面和反光面的示意图；
图4为激光器发光功率监测系统的一实施例的光路原理图；
图5为通过θ角调节光束方向的示意图；
图6-图8为调节反馈光占激光器总发光功率比值的示意图；
图9为准直透镜的另一实施例的立体图；
图10为该另一实施例准直透镜的入光面和第二出光面的示意图；
图11为该另一实施例准直透镜的第一出光面和反光面的示意图；
图12为激光器发光功率监测系统的另一实施例的光路原理图；
附图标记：
1、透镜本体；11、入光面；12、第一出光面；13、反光面；14、第二出光面；
2、激光器；
3、光电转换芯片；
4、耦合透镜；
5、光纤；
61、反馈光能量；
62、传输光能量。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
图1至图3中示出了准直透镜的一个实施例。本准直透镜集成有两种功能：第一是进行激光器出射光的准直，第二是截取一定比例的光功率用于光功率控制。
请结合图1至图3，本准直透镜包括透镜本体1，所述透镜本体1包括：供发散光束输入的入光面11；供准直光束输出的第一出光面12；第二出光面14；以及用于使一定比例的光束反射至所述第二出光面14输出的反光面13。
其中，透镜本体1包括圆柱段和圆台段，圆柱段的自由端构成所述入光面11，入光面11具体设计为凸球面，圆台段的自由端构成所述第一出光面12，第一出光面12具体设计为平面，圆台段的自由端沿光轴方向形成有一凸出部，凸出部镀设高反膜构成反光面13，反光面13的形状具体可设计为抛物面或者椭球面，圆台段另一端的凸出于所述圆柱段侧部的部分构成所述第二出光面14。
图4中示出了激光器发光功率监测系统的一实施例的光路。
参照图4，本激光器发光功率监测系统包括：激光器2；上述准直透镜；以及光电转换芯片3；所述激光器2与所述准直透镜的入光面11光路连接，所述光电转换芯片3与所述准直透镜的第二出光面14光路连接。
激光器发光功率监测的方法如下：激光器2发出具有一定发散角的光束，经过准直透镜的入光面11后，变成准直光束。准直后的大部分光束，在到达第一出光面12后，传输方向没有发生改变，从第一出光面12出射，进入后续的光纤耦合系统，即图4中的耦合透镜4，耦合系统将准直光束聚焦后耦合进入 光纤5中，进行光信号的传输，此部分光也称为传输光能量62。准直后的一小部分光束，在到达第一出光面12后，入射到反光面13，在反光面13全反射后，从第二出光面14出射，然后入射到光电转换芯片3，本申请中将该部分光束称为反馈光束或反馈光能量61，因为反馈光束占总光束的比例是固定的，所以根据反馈光束的功率，即可监测激光器2的发光功率。
第一出光面12的直径可根据激光器2的发散角、焦距、以及准直透镜的入光面11和第一出光面12之间厚度的大小确定，该直径应略大于准直后光束大小，即为L1+2*L2。第二出光面14为轴对称设计，分布于第一出光面12的外围，不会干涉发散光束入射到第一出光面12和反光面13上。第二出光面14与光轴方向形成的角度为θ，θ角值的大小被配置为，角度θ使得被所述反光面13反射后的光束在所述第二出光面14的入射角小于全反射角，避免光束在透镜内部发生全反射，使光束从第二出光面14上出射。第二出光面14的高度(即L2)，被配置为，能够使被所述反光面13反射后的光束完全入射到所述第二出光面14。
通过改变θ角值，可以调节光束从第二出光面14出射后的方向。如图5所示，A和B表示不同θ角值的位置。当从反光面13反射后的光束入射到A位置时，第二出光面14上光束的入射角为AOIA，当入射到B位置时，第二出光面14上光束的入射角为AOIB，因AOIA＜AOIB，光束从第二出光面14出射后，两者方向不同，分别为A1和B1方向。所以，为了满足光电转换芯片3的实际贴片位置需求，可以通过调节θ角值来实现。
本申请中，反光面13在所述第一出光面12的投影为扇形，所述扇形的面积S13被配置为：S13/(S12+S13)＝W1/W2，其中，S13为所述扇形的面积，S12为所述第一出光面12的面积，W1为需要的反馈光束的功率，W2为输入所述入光面11的光束的总功率。可以看出，通过改变反光面13的面积，可以调节反馈光束占激光器2总发光功率的比值。图6至图8示出了不同比例的三种反光 面13，图6中的比例小于25％，图7中的比例等于25％，图8中的比例大于25％，可以根据应用场景需求来设计具体的比例。
图9至图11中示出了准直透镜的另一个实施例。该另一个实施例中，准直透镜集成有两种功能：第一是进行激光器出射光的准直，第二是截取一定比例的光功率用于光功率控制。
请参照图9至图11，本准直透镜包括透镜本体1，所述透镜本体1包括：供发散光束输入的入光面11；供准直光束输出的第一出光面12；第二出光面14；以及用于使一定比例的光束反射至所述第二出光面14输出的反光面13。
其中，透镜本体1包括圆柱段和圆台段，圆柱段的自由端构成所述入光面11，入光面11具体设计为平面，圆台段的自由端构成所述第一出光面12，第一出光面12具体设计为凸球面，圆台段的自由端沿光轴方向形成有一凸出部，凸出部镀设高反膜构成所述反光面13，反光面13的形状具体可设计为抛物面或者椭球面，圆台段另一端的凸出于所述圆柱段侧部的部分构成所述第二出光面14。
图12中示出了激光器发光功率监测系统的另一实施例的光路。
参照图12，本激光器发光功率监测系统包括：激光器2；上述另一实施例的准直透镜；以及光电转换芯片3；所述激光器2与所述准直透镜的入光面11光路连接，所述光电转换芯片3与所述准直透镜的第二出光面14光路连接。
激光器发光功率监测的方法如下：激光器2发出具有一定发散角的光束，经过准直透镜的入光面11后，大部分光束入射到第一出光面12，被第一出光面12准直后，出射到后续的光纤耦合系统，即图12中的耦合透镜4，耦合系统将准直光束聚焦后耦合进入光纤5中，进行光信号的传输，此部分光也称为传输光能量62。经过准直透镜的入光面11后，一小部分光束入射到反光面13，在反光面13全反射后，从第二出光面14出射，然后入射到光电转换芯片3，本申请中将该部分光束称为反馈光束或反馈光能量61，因为反馈光束占总光束 的比例是固定的，所以根据反馈光束的功率，即可监测激光器2的发光功率。
第一出光面12的直径可根据激光器2的发散角、焦距、以及准直透镜的入光面11和第一出光面12之间厚度L3的大小确定，该直径应略大于准直后光束大小，即为L1+2*L2。第二出光面14为轴对称设计，分布于第一出光面12的外围，不会干涉发散光束入射到第一出光面12和反光面13上。第二出光面14与光轴方向形成的角度为θ，θ角值的大小被配置为，角度θ使得被所述反光面13反射后的光束在所述第二出光面14的入射角小于全反射角，避免光束在透镜内部发生全反射，使光束从第二出光面14上出射。第二出光面14的高度(即L2)，被配置为，能够使被所述反光面13反射后的光束完全入射到所述第二出光面14。
同样地，通过改变θ角值，可以调节光束从第二出光面14出射后的方向。改变反光面13的面积大小，可以调节反馈光束占激光器2总发光功率的比值。
由上述实施例可见，本发明通过对准直透镜的设计，使得准直透镜具有分光功能，从而使得在激光器发光功率监测中，对于无背向光设计的激光器，在不增加额外光学元件的基础上，实现了发光功率的分光，有利于实现光发射单元的低成本及小型化。而且，通过对θ角值的改变，即可满足光电转换芯片的实际贴片位置需求。通过改变反光面的面积，即可控制监测功率的比例。
上述通过具体实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，这些详细的说明仅仅限于帮助本领域技术人员理解本发明的内容，并不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员在本发明构思下对上述方案进行的各种润饰、等效变换等均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种准直透镜，用于接收发散光束并转换成准直光束，所述准直透镜包括透镜本体，其特征在于，所述透镜本体包括：
    供发散光束输入的入光面；
    供准直光束输出的第一出光面；
    第二出光面；以及
    用于使一定比例的光束反射至所述第二出光面输出的反光面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的准直透镜，其特征在于，所述透镜本体包括圆柱段和圆台段，所述圆柱段的自由端构成所述入光面，所述圆台段的自由端构成所述第一出光面，所述圆台段的自由端沿光轴方向形成有一凸出部，所述凸出部镀设反光膜构成所述反光面，所述圆台段的另一端的凸出于所述圆柱段侧部的部分构成所述第二出光面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的准直透镜，其特征在于，所述第二出光面所在的平面与所述第一出光面的光轴的夹角θ的大小被配置为，所述夹角θ使得被所述反光面反射后的光束在所述第二出光面的入射角小于全反射角；且所述第二出光面的高度被配置为，能够使被所述反光面反射后的光束完全入射到所述第二出光面。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的准直透镜，其特征在于，所述反光面在所述圆台段的自由端的投影为扇形，所述扇形的面积S 13被配置为
    S 13/(S 12+S 13)＝W 1/W 2
    其中，S 13为所述扇形的面积，S 12为所述第一出光面的面积，W 1为需要的反馈光束的功率，W 2为输入所述入光面的光束的总功率。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的准直透镜，其特征在于，所述入光面为凸球面，所述第一出光面为平面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的准直透镜，其特征在于，所述入光面为平面，所 述第一出光面为凸球面。
  7. 一种激光器发光功率监测系统，其特征在于，包括：
    激光器；
    如权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的准直透镜；以及
    光电转换芯片；
    所述激光器与所述准直透镜的入光面光路连接，所述光电转换芯片与所述准直透镜的第二出光面光路连接。
  8. 一种激光器发光功率监测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    激光器出射光束到准直透镜的入光面；
    所述准直透镜的第一出光面出射准直光束，传输给光纤；
    所述准直透镜的第二出光面出射反馈光束至光电转换芯片；以及
    根据光电转换芯片的转换后的电信号生成所述激光器的发光功率；
    所述准直透镜为如权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的准直透镜。
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CN113131330A (zh) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-16 杭州耀芯科技有限公司 一种激光器发光功率监测系统、监测方法及其准直透镜

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