WO2022200049A1 - Method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material - Google Patents

Method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022200049A1
WO2022200049A1 PCT/EP2022/056100 EP2022056100W WO2022200049A1 WO 2022200049 A1 WO2022200049 A1 WO 2022200049A1 EP 2022056100 W EP2022056100 W EP 2022056100W WO 2022200049 A1 WO2022200049 A1 WO 2022200049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
harvested
insulating material
mycelium
packaging
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PCT/EP2022/056100
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Lang
Christian Lang
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Lang Laser-System Gmbh
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Publication of WO2022200049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022200049A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C08L101/16—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds the macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • macrostructures from mycelium is known for the manufacture of products such as clothing, leather-like structures or packaging material, which can be used to replace Styrofoam, for example.
  • the invention is now based on the object of accelerating the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material while at the same time increasing the profitability of cetacean mushroom cultivation.
  • the object is solved based on the preamble of claim 1 through its characterizing features.
  • Advantageous and expedient developments are specified in the dependent claims.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material based on mycelium, characterized in that:
  • a noble fungus culture is created by mixing a substrate made of preferably finely chopped wood and/or grain pellets with mycelium,
  • the noble mushrooms are brought to maturity and harvested
  • the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation is introduced into a mold prepared for the production of the packaging and/or insulating material,
  • the harvested substrate of cetacean cultivation brought into the desired shape is fixed in its new form in a culture room by further growth of the mycelium through the harvested substrate, and
  • a first advantage of this method is that mushrooms have already been harvested here and the substrate therefore has a dual use. On the one hand, this results in a cost advantage.
  • the so-called crop residues are of further advantage when using substrate that has already been harvested already covered with mushroom mycelium and simply continue to grow after the new shape and thus also correspondingly faster.
  • the substrate is already braided and intergrown by mycell and is thus pre-fixed to such an extent that it can be handled and shaped as a whole piece.
  • mycelium can be added again to the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation, in particular the same mycelium.
  • the mycelium added again to accelerate further growth of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation can be added in a process step before the introduction of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation into the mould.
  • the mycelium that is added again can be brought to all accessible places on the harvested substrate, even to those places that after the introduction of the harvested substrate are no longer accessible in the new form.
  • the mycelium added again to accelerate the further growth of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation can be added to the mold after the introduction of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation.
  • the areas can be "vaccinated” with additional mycelium where the new shape may cause breaks in the previously grown mycelium structure and/or are to be expected in order to ensure rapid growth in these areas as well.
  • a process step of air filtering for the culture room can be used to prevent unwanted germs from entering the substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation.
  • the advantages are again listed as follows: cost savings, double use of the substrate, faster growth after shaping, high level of safety, since it is already recognized when the cep is harvested whether the substrate can be used for the further process, and the 3D Pressurized mold is dusted before filling with the substrate so that the substrate can be easily removed from the mold and the mold can then be used several times.
  • the invention relates to a method in which, after the biological production of fungi—preferably noble fungi—the remaining substrate is to be used for the production of packaging material.
  • the mushroom substrate can also be used as packaging material independently of a mushroom harvest.
  • the mushroom substrate essentially consists of a mixture made from wood and grain pellets, water and the mushroom mycelium.
  • the substrate is pressed into a specified shape and then stored for about 5 days. During these 5 days, the mycelium grows through the formed substrate and has a stabilizing effect like glue.
  • the molded part is then heated to over 100oC to evaporate the water and a Stable shape that can be used as packaging material instead of, for example, styrofoam.
  • this material is light and shockproof, and it is also insulating. Another advantage is that it is biodegradable and inexpensive. The material is completely biodegradable within a few weeks.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • the process is combined with the production of the molds using the 3D printing process. In this way, any shape can be produced within a very short time and the process can be implemented on an industrial scale.
  • the packaging material is 100% composted and biodegrades within a few weeks.
  • mushroom substrate Another use of the mushroom substrate is the production of insulating materials for modern timber and passive house construction.
  • the method described above can be used here, with the difference that the shape due to the size of the plates - if not sufficiently economical to produce using the 3D printing process - can be produced with simple shaping devices.
  • the mushroom substrate can also be used as a base material for all common manufacturing processes for fiber insulation materials. With this process, the biological raw materials can first be used to grow cep mushrooms and then the remaining substrate can be used to manufacture packaging materials or insulation materials.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing mycelium-based compostable packaging and/or insulating material. This method is characterised in that: - in a first step, a mushroom culture is created by mixing a substrate made of preferably finely-chopped pellets of wood and or grain with mycelium; - in a second step, the mushrooms are ripened and harvested; - in a third step, the harvested substrate from the mushroom cultivation is brought into a shape ready for production of the packaging and/or insulating material; - in a fourth step, the harvested substrate from the mushroom cultivation brought into the required shape is fixed in its new shape in a culture chamber by means of further mycelium growing through the harvested substrate; and - in a fifth step, the mixture fixed in the required shape is dehydrated.

Description

"Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial" "Method for the production of compostable packaging and/or insulation material"
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. The invention relates to a method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der Technik: State of the art:
Zur Herstellung von Produkten, wie Kleidung, lederähnlichen Strukturen oder auch Verpackungsmaterial, mit dem zum Beispiel Styropor ersetzt werden kann, ist die Verwendung von Makrostrukturen aus Myzel bekannt. The use of macrostructures from mycelium is known for the manufacture of products such as clothing, leather-like structures or packaging material, which can be used to replace Styrofoam, for example.
Ebenfalls bekannt ist die Züchtung von Edelpilzen auf mit Myzel geimpften Substrat. Also known is the cultivation of noble mushrooms on substrate inoculated with mycelium.
Weiterhin ist bekannt, Strukturen, wie z.B. Formen, mittels 3D- Druckverfahren herzustellen. It is also known to produce structures, such as molds, using 3D printing processes.
Aufgabe und Vorteile der Erfindung: Object and advantages of the invention:
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial zu beschleunigen bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Edelpilzzuchten. Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt ausgehend vom Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen angegeben. The invention is now based on the object of accelerating the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material while at the same time increasing the profitability of cetacean mushroom cultivation. The object is solved based on the preamble of claim 1 through its characterizing features. Advantageous and expedient developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Demnach betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial auf Myzelbasis, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass: Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material based on mycelium, characterized in that:
- in einem ersten Schritt eine Edelpilzkultur erstellt wird, indem ein Substrat aus vorzugsweise kleingehäckseltem Holz- und/oder Getreidepellets mit Myzel gemischt wird, - in a first step, a noble fungus culture is created by mixing a substrate made of preferably finely chopped wood and/or grain pellets with mycelium,
- in einem zweiten Schritt die Edelpilze zur Reife gebracht und abgeerntet werden, - in a second step, the noble mushrooms are brought to maturity and harvested,
- in einem dritten Schritt das abgeerntete Substrat der Edelpilzzucht in eine zur Herstellung des Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial vorbereitete Form eingebracht wird, - in a third step, the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation is introduced into a mold prepared for the production of the packaging and/or insulating material,
- in einem vierten Schritt das derart in die gewünschte Form gebrachte abgeerntete Substrat der Edelpilzzucht in einem Kulturraum mittels weiterem Durchwachsen des Myzels durch das abgeernteten Substrat in seiner neuen Form fixiert wird, und- in a fourth step, the harvested substrate of cetacean cultivation brought into the desired shape is fixed in its new form in a culture room by further growth of the mycelium through the harvested substrate, and
- in einem fünften Schritt das in der gewünschten Form fixierte Gemisch dehydriert wird. - in a fifth step, the mixture fixed in the desired form is dehydrated.
Ein erster Vorteil dieses Verfahrens liegt darin, dass hier bereits Pilze geerntet wurden und somit das Substrat einen Doppelnutzen hat. Hieraus ergibt sich zum einen ein Kostenvorteil . A first advantage of this method is that mushrooms have already been harvested here and the substrate therefore has a dual use. On the one hand, this results in a cost advantage.
Zum anderen sind in weiter vorteilhafter Weise bei dem Einsatz von bereits abgeerntetem Substrat die sogenannten Erntereste bereits mit Pilz Myzell ummantelt und wachsen nach der neuen Formgebung einfach weiter und damit auch entsprechend schneller ein. D.h., das Substrat ist bereits vom Myzell umflochten und durchwachsen und dadurch soweit vorfixiert, dass es als ganzes Stück gehandhabt und in die Form verbracht werden kann. On the other hand, the so-called crop residues are of further advantage when using substrate that has already been harvested already covered with mushroom mycelium and simply continue to grow after the new shape and thus also correspondingly faster. This means that the substrate is already braided and intergrown by mycell and is thus pre-fixed to such an extent that it can be handled and shaped as a whole piece.
Zusätzlich verbinden sich diese so entstandenen „Klebefäden" in wesentlich kürzerer Zeit als neu zu erstellende Myzelstrukturen, die erst anwachsen müssen. Dies gesamt und im Speziellen an ggf. auftretenden Bruchstellen und fixieren dadurch das Substrat in der neuen Form dementsprechend wesentlich rascher. In addition, these resulting "adhesive threads" connect in a much shorter time than new mycelium structures that have to grow first. This overall and in particular at any fracture points that may occur and thus fix the substrate in the new form accordingly much faster.
Zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens dieses Substrats mit Myzel kann dem abgeernteten Substrat der Edelpilzzucht nochmals Myzel beigegeben werden, insbesondere das gleiche Myzel. To accelerate further mycelium growing through this substrate, mycelium can be added again to the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation, in particular the same mycelium.
Damit kann der Prozess des Durchwachsens weiter beschleunigt werden. Somit kommt man auf kürzere Lagerzeiten, bis dann der geformten Substratmasse in einem Durchlaufofen das Wasser entzogen (verdampft) werden kann. This can further accelerate the process of growing through. This results in shorter storage times until the water can be removed (evaporated) from the shaped substrate mass in a continuous furnace.
Das zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht nochmals beigegebene Myzel kann in einem Verfahrensschritt vor der Einbringung des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die Form beigegeben werden. The mycelium added again to accelerate further growth of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation can be added in a process step before the introduction of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation into the mould.
Hierbei kann das nochmals beigegebene Myzel an allen zugänglichen Stellen an das abgeerntete Substrats gebracht werden, auch an solche Stellen, die nach der Einbringung des abgeernteten Substrats in die neue Form nicht mehr zugänglich sind. Here, the mycelium that is added again can be brought to all accessible places on the harvested substrate, even to those places that after the introduction of the harvested substrate are no longer accessible in the new form.
In einem alternativen oder weiteren Verfahrensschritt kann das zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht nochmals beigegebene Myzel nach der Einbringung des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die Form beigegeben werden. Hierdurch können z.B. besonders die Stellen mit nochmals beigegebenem Myzel „geimpft" werden, an denen durch die neue Formgebung ggf. Brüche in der bereits zuvor gewachsenen Myzelstruktur auftreten und/oder zu erwarten sind, um auch an diesen Stellen ein rasches Wachstum zu gewährleisten. In an alternative or further process step, the mycelium added again to accelerate the further growth of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation can be added to the mold after the introduction of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation. In this way, for example, the areas can be "vaccinated" with additional mycelium where the new shape may cause breaks in the previously grown mycelium structure and/or are to be expected in order to ensure rapid growth in these areas as well.
Das Durchwachsen des Pilzsubstrats muss unter sehr hygienischen Bedingungen erfolgen, da sonst ein „falscher" Pilz wachsen kann oder Infektionen entstehen können. Growing through the mushroom substrate must take place under very hygienic conditions, otherwise a "wrong" mushroom can grow or infections can occur.
Auch bei der Herstellung dieses Verpackungs- oder Dämmmaterials ist es extrem wichtig in der Produktion keine Keime einzufangen, da bei einem schlechten einwachsen des Pilzmyzell auch keine Formgebung möglich ist. Es würde dann die Klebeeigenschaft fehlen. It is also extremely important not to catch any germs in the production of this packaging or insulating material, since if the fungal mycelium does not grow properly, it is also not possible to shape it. It would then lack the adhesive property.
Um dem entgegenzuwirken, kann deshalb mittels eines Verfahrensschrittes einer Luftfilterung für den Kulturraum bewirkt werden, dass ein Eintrags von unerwünschten Keimen in das Substrat der Edelpilzzucht vermieden werden kann. In order to counteract this, a process step of air filtering for the culture room can be used to prevent unwanted germs from entering the substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation.
Um am Ende des Herstellungsprozesses das Entnehmen der fertigen Strukturen aus den Formen zu erleichtern, kann vor dem Einbringen des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die vorbereitete Form diese Form mit Staub beaufschlagt werden um ein Anhaften des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht an der Form möglichst zu verhindern. In order to make it easier to remove the finished structures from the molds at the end of the manufacturing process, before introducing the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation into the prepared form this form with dust to prevent sticking of the harvested substrate of noble mushroom cultivation to the form as possible.
Zusammenfasend werden nochmals die Vorteile wie folgt angeführt: Kostenersparnis, doppelter Nutzen des Substrats, schnelleres Einwachsen nach der Formgebung, hohe Sicherheit, da bereits bei der Ernte der Edelpilze erkannt wird, ob das Substrat für den weiteren Prozess eingesetzt werden kann, und die im 3D Druck hergestellte Form wir vor der Füllung mit dem Substrat mit Staub beaufschlagt, damit sich das Substrat einfach aus der Form nehmen lässt und diese dann mehrmals verwendet werden kann. In summary, the advantages are again listed as follows: cost savings, double use of the substrate, faster growth after shaping, high level of safety, since it is already recognized when the cep is harvested whether the substrate can be used for the further process, and the 3D Pressurized mold is dusted before filling with the substrate so that the substrate can be easily removed from the mold and the mold can then be used several times.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung mit anderen Worten wie folgt beschrieben. Bei der Erfindung handelt es sich um ein Verfahren, bei dem nach der biologischen Erzeugung von Pilzen -vorzugsweise Edelpilzen- das verbleibende Substrat zur Herstellung von Verpackungsmaterial eingesetzt werden soll. In the following, the invention is described in other words as follows. The invention relates to a method in which, after the biological production of fungi—preferably noble fungi—the remaining substrate is to be used for the production of packaging material.
Der Einsatz des Pilzsubstrates als Verpackungsmaterial kann auch unabhängig von einer Pilzernte erfolgen. The mushroom substrate can also be used as packaging material independently of a mushroom harvest.
Das Pilzsubstrat besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Mischung, hergestellt aus Holz- und Getreidepellets, Wasser und dem Pilzmyzel. The mushroom substrate essentially consists of a mixture made from wood and grain pellets, water and the mushroom mycelium.
Dazu wird das Substrat in eine vorgegebene Form gepresst und anschließend ca. 5 Tage gelagert. In diesen 5 Tagen durchwächst das Myzel das geformte Substrat und wirkt stabilisierend wie ein Kleber. Das geformte Teil wird anschließend auf über lOOoC erhitzt, um das Wasser zu verdampfen und es entsteht eine stabile Form, die anstelle von zum Beispiel Styropor, als Verpackungsmaterial eingesetzt werden kann. To do this, the substrate is pressed into a specified shape and then stored for about 5 days. During these 5 days, the mycelium grows through the formed substrate and has a stabilizing effect like glue. The molded part is then heated to over 100oC to evaporate the water and a Stable shape that can be used as packaging material instead of, for example, styrofoam.
Die Vorteile dieses Materials bestehen darin, dass es leicht und stoßfest ist und zudem noch isoliert. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass es biologisch abbaubar und kostengünstig ist. Das Material ist innerhalb wenigen Wochen vollständig biologisch abbaubar . The advantages of this material are that it is light and shockproof, and it is also insulating. Another advantage is that it is biodegradable and inexpensive. The material is completely biodegradable within a few weeks.
Es bietet eine Alternative zu beispielsweise expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS) - Styropor. It offers an alternative to, for example, expanded polystyrene (EPS) - styrofoam.
Kombiniert wird das Verfahren mit der Herstellung der Formen im 3D-Druckverfahren . So kann jegliche Form innerhalb kürzester Zeit hergestellt werden und das Verfahren Großtechnisch umgesetzt werden. The process is combined with the production of the molds using the 3D printing process. In this way, any shape can be produced within a very short time and the process can be implemented on an industrial scale.
Es dient vornehmlich der Verpackung empfindlicher, hochwertiger Produkte . It is primarily used for packaging sensitive, high-quality products.
Am Ende des Zyklus wird das Verpackungsmaterial zu 100% kompostiert und innerhalb weniger Wochen biologisch abgebaut. At the end of the cycle, the packaging material is 100% composted and biodegrades within a few weeks.
Ein weiterer Einsatz des Pilzsubstrates ist die Herstellung von Dämmstoffen für den modernen Holz- und Passivhausbau. Hier kann das oben beschriebene Verfahren eingesetzt werden, mit dem Unterschied, dass die Form aufgrund der Größe der Platten -wenn nicht im 3D Druckverfahren ausreichend wirtschaftlich herstellbar- mit einfachen Formgebungsvorrichtungen hergestellt werden können. Another use of the mushroom substrate is the production of insulating materials for modern timber and passive house construction. The method described above can be used here, with the difference that the shape due to the size of the plates - if not sufficiently economical to produce using the 3D printing process - can be produced with simple shaping devices.
Ebenfalls kann das Pilzsubstrat als Basismaterial auch für alle gängigen Herstellverfahren für Faserdämmstoffe eingesetzt werden. So können bei diesem Verfahren die biologischen Rohstoffe zunächst zur Züchtung von Edelpilzen und anschließend das verbleibende Substrat zur Herstellung von Verpackungsmaterialien oder für Dämmstoffe eingesetzt werden. The mushroom substrate can also be used as a base material for all common manufacturing processes for fiber insulation materials. With this process, the biological raw materials can first be used to grow cep mushrooms and then the remaining substrate can be used to manufacture packaging materials or insulation materials.

Claims

Ansprüche : Expectations :
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial auf Myzelbasis, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass: 1. Process for the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material based on mycelium, characterized in that:
- in einem ersten Schritt eine Edelpilzkultur erstellt wird, indem ein Substrat aus vorzugsweise kleingehäckseltem Holz- und/oder Getreidepellets mit Myzel gemischt wird, - in a first step, a noble fungus culture is created by mixing a substrate made of preferably finely chopped wood and/or grain pellets with mycelium,
- in einem zweiten Schritt die Edelpilze zur Reife gebracht und abgeerntet werden, - in a second step, the noble mushrooms are brought to maturity and harvested,
- in einem dritten Schritt das abgeerntete Substrat der Edelpilzzucht in eine zur Herstellung des Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial vorbereitete Form eingebracht wird, - in a third step, the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation is introduced into a mold prepared for the production of the packaging and/or insulating material,
- in einem vierten Schritt das derart in die gewünschte Form gebrachte abgeerntete Substrat der Edelpilzzucht in einem Kulturraum mittels weiterem Durchwachsen des Myzels durch das abgeernteten Substrat in seiner neuen Form fixiert wird, und- in a fourth step, the harvested substrate of cetacean cultivation brought into the desired shape is fixed in its new form in a culture room by further growth of the mycelium through the harvested substrate, and
- in einem fünften Schritt das in der gewünschten Form fixierte Gemisch dehydriert wird. - in a fifth step, the mixture fixed in the desired form is dehydrated.
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem abgeernteten Substrat der Edelpilzzucht zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens dieses Substrats mit Myzel nochmals Myzel beigegeben wird, insbesondere das gleiche Myzel. 2. Process for the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that mycelium is added again to the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation to accelerate the further growth of this substrate with mycelium, in particular the same mycelium.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht nochmals beigegebene Myzel vor der Einbringung des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die Form beigegeben wird. 3. A method for the production of compostable packaging and / or insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to accelerate the further growing through of the harvested substrate of noble mushroom cultivation mycelium that is added again is added to the mold before the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation is introduced.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zur Beschleunigung des weiteren Durchwachsens des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht nochmals beigegebene Myzel nach der Einbringung des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die Form beigegeben wird. 4. Process for the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mycelium added again to accelerate further growth of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation is added to the mold after the introduction of the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation .
5. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Luftfilterung für den Kulturraum zur Vermeidung eines Eintrags von unerwünschten Keimen in das Substrat der Edelpilzzucht durchgeführt wird. 5. A method for the production of compostable packaging and / or insulating material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that air filtration for the culture room is carried out to avoid entry of unwanted germs into the substrate of noble mushroom cultivation.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor dem Einbringen des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht in die vorbereitete Form diese Form mit Staub beaufschlagt wird um ein Anhaften des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht an der Form möglichst zu verhindern. 6. Process for the production of compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation is introduced into the prepared mold, this mold is subjected to dust in order to prevent the harvested substrate of the cetacean cultivation from adhering to prevent the shape as much as possible.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Form zur Aufnahme des abgeernteten Substrats der Edelpilzzucht zur Herstellung des kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterials mittels eines 3D-Druckverfahrens hergestellt wird. 7. A method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mold for receiving the harvested substrate of the noble mushroom cultivation for producing the compostable packaging and/or insulating material is produced by means of a 3D printing process.
8. Verfahren zur Herstellung von kompostierbarem Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in der für das kompostierbare Verpackungs- und/oder Dämmmaterial gewünschten Form fixierte Substrat in einem Durchlaufofen dehydriert wird. 8. A method for producing compostable packaging and / or insulation material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the compostable for Packaging and / or insulating material desired shape fixed substrate is dehydrated in a continuous furnace.
PCT/EP2022/056100 2021-03-22 2022-03-09 Method for producing compostable packaging and/or insulating material WO2022200049A1 (en)

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