WO2022194646A1 - Vitre feuilletée pour un toit de véhicule ayant un capteur de sécurité pour une surveillance d'un intérieur - Google Patents

Vitre feuilletée pour un toit de véhicule ayant un capteur de sécurité pour une surveillance d'un intérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022194646A1
WO2022194646A1 PCT/EP2022/056071 EP2022056071W WO2022194646A1 WO 2022194646 A1 WO2022194646 A1 WO 2022194646A1 EP 2022056071 W EP2022056071 W EP 2022056071W WO 2022194646 A1 WO2022194646 A1 WO 2022194646A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
sensor
laminated
electrical connection
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/056071
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gabor Varga
Sara BORHANI HAGHIGHI
Varun RAMESH KUMAR
Clément BOTTOIS
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to EP22710623.4A priority Critical patent/EP4308378A1/fr
Priority to CN202280001097.0A priority patent/CN115461218A/zh
Publication of WO2022194646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022194646A1/fr

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Classifications

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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
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    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laminated pane for use as a vehicle roof pane with at least one sensor that generates safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle.
  • Today's modern vehicles are developed for maximum efficiency and optimal passenger safety and are equipped with a large number of driver assistance systems. These include, for example, rain sensors, daylight sensors, backlight sensors, ultrasonic sensors, optical cameras and radar sensors. As a rule, they are used for traffic monitoring outside the vehicle and can, for example, recognize street signs or the position and speed of objects, such as other road users or obstacles on the roadway.
  • optical cameras or radar systems are mainly used for this purpose.
  • camera systems such as infrared camera systems, for example for driver monitoring, gesture recognition and drowsiness recognition, are mostly used for monitoring the vehicle interior.
  • the field of view of a person for example the driver, can be searched and monitored by a camera.
  • the area around the eyes (eyes open/closed) can then be separated and evaluated from the recorded images.
  • Conclusions about the state of tiredness can then be drawn from the frequency of eyelid closure.
  • Optical sensor systems are usually heavily dependent on environmental influences and ambient brightness in terms of their function and data quality. Camera systems must also be precisely aligned and need free access to the detection area. In principle, people and their position in the vehicle interior can be recognized and determined with a camera.
  • a child in a child seat that is to be protected against the sun with a cloth may not be able to be recognized through the cover.
  • infrared cameras it is possible to detect people from objects in the room Vehicle interior, for example, to distinguish a child in a child seat and an empty child seat.
  • the sensors are usually placed at a distance from the edge and as centrally as possible in relation to the interior space to be monitored.
  • this placement now means that the necessary electrical connections for the power supply of the sensor and/or the connections for data transmission to a controller or evaluation in the case of a vehicle roof window would have to be routed visibly to the edge and are visually conspicuous. Therefore, the sensors are often placed near the edge, i.e. not in the center of the interior, and a black print is applied in the area of the connection guide to conceal the individual lines, or a large cover is provided that also covers the supply lines.
  • the object of the invention is therefore a laminated pane for a vehicle with a good safety monitoring function for the vehicle interior and inside Provide people and high space coverage, which is also inexpensive and easy to produce, ensures a very good interior coverage of the sensor, but at the same time allows maximizing the transparent surface of the roof pane and thus improving the sense of space for the occupants.
  • the invention therefore relates to a composite pane for use as a vehicle roof pane with at least one sensor, at least comprising
  • thermoplastic interlayer that connects the inner side of the outer pane and the inner side of the inner pane.
  • the senor generates safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle and is connected to at least one alarm output device.
  • the sensor is positioned on the composite pane at a distance from the edge of the composite pane in such a way that it protrudes beyond the outside of the inner pane into the vehicle interior, and the sensor is connected to a power source via an electrical connection, the electrical connection being designed to be optically unobtrusive.
  • the composite pane according to the invention with a sensor comprises at least one inner pane and one outer pane, which are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the laminated pane may be a three-dimensional curved vehicle roof laminated pane.
  • the inner pane and the outer pane each have an inner side and an outer side that run essentially parallel to one another.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer connects the inside of the inner pane and the inside of the outer pane.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic film and, in an advantageous embodiment, is formed by a single thermoplastic film. This is advantageous in terms of a simple structure and a small overall thickness of the laminated glass.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer or the thermoplastic film preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, which have proven useful for laminated glasses.
  • the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • thermoplastic films of the standard thickness of 0.76 mm can be used.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.
  • the total transmission through the laminated glass is greater than 70%, in particular if the laminated glass is a windshield or a vehicle roof window.
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1 for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle windows.
  • the laminated glass is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is usual for motor vehicle windows, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the inner pane and/or the outer pane can be thermally or chemically prestressed, partially prestressed or not prestressed.
  • the outer pane is non-prestressed Disc.
  • the outer pane can be exposed to loads such as stone chipping. If a stone, especially a small, pointed stone, hits a pane of glass, it can penetrate the surface. In the case of a prestressed pane, the stone can thus penetrate into the zone of tensile stress inside the pane, which leads to the pane shattering.
  • a non-prestressed outer pane has a wide compressive stress zone and lower tensile stress on the inside and is therefore less susceptible to the impact of a sharp object. An outer pane that is not prestressed is therefore very advantageous overall with regard to the safety of the vehicle occupants.
  • the outer pane contains soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glass is available at low cost and has a proven track record for automotive applications.
  • the inner pane can have any chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the inner pane can contain, for example, soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass or consist of these glasses.
  • the inner pane is a chemically toughened pane. Due to the prestressing, the inner pane can be provided with a special fracture stability and scratch resistance. Chemical toughening is more suitable for very thin glass panes than thermal toughening. Since thermal toughening is based on a temperature difference between a surface zone and a core zone, thermal toughening requires a minimum thickness of the glass pane. Sufficient stresses can typically be achieved with commercially available thermal tempering devices for glass thicknesses from around 2.5 mm. With lower glass thicknesses, the generally required values for toughening cannot usually be achieved (cf. ECE regulation 43, for example).
  • chemical toughening the chemical composition of the glass in the surface area is changed by ion exchange, with the ion exchange being limited to a surface zone by diffusion. Chemical toughening is therefore especially for thin discs suitable.
  • chemical tempering, chemical hardening or chemical strengthening are also commonly used for chemical toughening.
  • a chemically toughened glass pane is to be provided with a recess, the pane is first provided with the desired recess and then toughened. This has the advantage that the stress distribution generated by the prestressing process is not negatively influenced by subsequent machining.
  • both the stability and breakage resistance of the laminated glass and the lowest possible weight of the glazing are of enormous importance.
  • an asymmetry of the outer and inner panes with regard to their thickness has an advantageous effect on the stability of the composite pane.
  • the thickness of the outer pane is generally significantly greater than the thickness of the inner pane.
  • Such a thickness asymmetry with the associated advantages can also be desirable in the case of the laminated pane with sensor according to the invention.
  • the laminated glass can also be provided with an additional function in that the thermoplastic intermediate layer has functional inclusions, for example inclusions with IR-absorbing, UV-absorbing, coloring or acoustic properties.
  • the inclusions are, for example, organic or inorganic ions, compounds, aggregates, molecules, crystals, pigments or dyes.
  • the composite pane according to the invention in vehicles, for example as a windshield or vehicle roof pane, it is advantageous to implement additional functions in order to reduce the negative effects of weather influences such as strong sunlight or ice formation.
  • so-called low-E coatings and/or heatable coatings can be applied to the inside of the inner pane or the outer pane.
  • Suitable material compositions of an electrically heatable Coating that also functions as a low-E coating can be found, for example, in WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438.
  • the senor generates safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle.
  • Safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle can contain both personal information such as a dizzy state of the driver or an excessively high body temperature of the occupants. However, they can also - either alternatively or cumulatively - include non-personal information about the conditions of the interior, such as interior temperatures, brightness and lighting conditions in the interior, CO2 concentration, seat belts on occupied seats, etc.
  • the sensor is connected to an alarm output device either directly or indirectly, for example via a controller.
  • an alarm output device include a horn, optical and other acoustic warning signals that can be directed both into the interior to warn the occupants and outside to transmit an alarm to the outside world such as passers-by or other road users.
  • an alarm output device may include haptic warning signals, such as vibrating the steering wheel or pedals, as well as manipulation of the vehicle's driving behavior, such as a safe mode in which the vehicle stops at the curb.
  • the senor is positioned at a distance from the edge of the laminated pane.
  • a significantly better interior coverage can thus be achieved than positioning at the edge of the laminated pane.
  • the spacing is selected in particular in such a way that the sensor is placed as centrally as possible in relation to the covered vehicle interior in order to achieve optimal spatial coverage and thus optimal spatial monitoring.
  • the sensor is also positioned on the laminated pane in such a way that it protrudes beyond the outside of the inner pane into the vehicle interior. Additionally can be made in this way a very simple assembly and also a simple replacement in case of malfunction. As a result, this is also a very cost-effective and maintenance-friendly configuration.
  • Modern vehicle composite panes are three-dimensionally curved, with a development towards ever more pronounced bends or towards ever larger dimensioned vehicle roof panes in the sense of a striking, visually appealing design.
  • This together with the above-mentioned advantageous conditions for providing a sensor for safety-relevant information on conditions relating to the sense of space and better monitoring of the interior space by the sensor, means that the distance between the position of the sensor and the edge of the pane is increasing.
  • the sensor requires an electrical and/or communicative connection with the connections that usually run along the edge of the pane to a power source or to a controller or alarm output device.
  • the term "designed to be optically unobtrusive" in relation to the electrical connection of the sensor means in particular that the electrical connection from the sensor to the edge of the laminated pane and/or to the power source in the area of the laminated pane at least partly, preferably completely, not provided with a cover.
  • the electrical connection of the sensor to the edge of the composite pane and/or to the power source is at least in the area of the composite pane partially, preferably completely, not covered by a black print to the interior.
  • the term “designed to be optically unobtrusive” means in particular an electrical connection that is transparent.
  • an electrical connection is referred to as transparent if it has a transmission in the visible spectral range of greater than or equal to 20%.
  • the electrical connection can also have a higher transmission, for example greater than or equal to 35%, or greater than or equal to 50%. Since the electrical connection according to the invention has the same or greater transmission in the visible spectral range than the other layers or the other areas of the laminated pane, panes with a transmission in the visible spectral range can be realized which are suitable, for example, as vehicle roof panes.
  • the pane according to the invention preferably has a total transmission of more than 35%, more than 50% or more than 70%.
  • the term total transmission or transmission refers to the procedure specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1 for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle windows.
  • the laminated pane is tinted or colored.
  • the laminated pane can preferably have a transmission in the visible spectral range of less than 50%, for example less than 20%, also in the area of the electrical connection. In this way panes can be realized with a transparent electrical connection of the sensor according to the invention and with a reduced transmission in the visible spectral range.
  • Such tinted or colored lenses may be desirable for aesthetic or thermal reasons, for example.
  • the composite pane includes at least one recess in the inner pane and at least the electrical connection is routed through the recess in the inner pane to the sensor.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention is a laminated vehicle roof pane with a recess in the inner pane of the laminated pane, preferably produced using a laser process or by means of mechanical drilling. A recess created using a laser process can be distinguished from an opening created using mechanical processes in terms of its surface structure and precision.
  • Such a recess has a correspondingly high level of precision and low manufacturing tolerances, so that it is also suitable in three-dimensionally curved panes to accommodate a sensor of a fixed size or just the electrical connection with a precise fit, with the sensor being able to be inserted into the recess in the inner pane, however, this always protrudes towards the interior of the vehicle.
  • Merely routing the electrical supply line or connection of the sensor through a cutout has the advantage that only a very small cutout needs to be provided and the sensor can be installed completely on the outside of the inner pane.
  • the recess can be rectangular, circular, elliptical or irregular in shape.
  • the electrical connection is formed by current paths in an electrically conductive layer, by conductive wires, by a printed current path or by a cable connection to a power source.
  • optically inconspicuous electrical connection All preferred configurations of the optically inconspicuous electrical connection mentioned are almost or completely transparent and thus meet the high requirements of the automobile industry for the largest possible transparent surface of the roof pane.
  • the term "optically inconspicuous” can also include “barely perceptible to the human eye”.
  • the optically inconspicuous electrical connection does not or only very slightly impede the view through the laminated pane. It therefore offers an excellent opportunity to safely establish the power connection, but also, if desired, the communicative connection to a controller or the alarm output device, without the distance from the sensor from the edge of the compound pane in many cases quite a large distance with a cover or a black print and reduce the sense of space for the occupants.
  • the senor can be supplied with electrical power via an electrically conductive layer on one of the pane surfaces.
  • electrically conductive layers are often already used in motor vehicle windows in the form of heatable layers or so-called Low-E (low emissivity) layers, which prevent the vehicle interior from heating up to any great extent.
  • the modern electrically conductive layers are transparent as defined above.
  • it can be applied to the inside of the outer pane, the inside of the inner pane or the outside of the inner pane.
  • any electrically conductive layer is also suitable for making electrical contact between the sensor and the electrical connection.
  • current paths are introduced into the electrically conductive layer, via which two voltage poles are connected to the sensor according to the invention.
  • Methods for structuring electrically conductive layers are well known to those skilled in the art. These include, for example, etching or laser processes. The current paths are particularly preferably generated by laser separating lines in the electrically conductive layer.
  • a sensor can be contacted on a conductive layer, for example, by means of connection elements applied to the electrically conductive layer. If the electrically conductive layer is on the inside of the inner pane or the inside of the outer pane, a film-like connection element can be inserted into the layer stack in the area of the recess.
  • This connection element has two electrical contacts on the surface facing the electrically conductive layer, which are connected to the corresponding current paths of the electrically conductive layer are placed.
  • the surface of the foil-like connection element surrounding the electrical contacts can be provided with an adhesive, for example, which fixes the connection element on the layer.
  • the section of the film-like connection element on which the sensor is to be placed is also provided with contacts.
  • the foil-like connection element preferably has a metallic surface for this purpose.
  • the contacting between the sensor and the film-like connecting element preferably does not take place in a materially bonded manner, that is to say in the form of a detachable connection.
  • the sensor is preferably inserted into a recess in a non-positive manner, with the result that the sensor makes electrical contact with the metal surface of the foil-like connection element.
  • the non-positive connection e.g. clip profile
  • the electrical connection can be made by conductive wires.
  • the necessary transparency or the optically unobtrusive design which is also the subject matter of the present invention, can be achieved in this variant in that the wires are on the one hand very thin and/or on the other hand designed in a serpentine manner.
  • a well-known example in the manufacture of vehicle windows is such wires that are used as heating wires in windshields. They usually have a thickness of about 20 ⁇ m and they are practically undetectable by looking through them.
  • multiple wires can be provided for a current path and/or communication path.
  • wires are so thin that the occupants can hardly see them visually, a large number of wires can be used not only as an electrical connection, but also for communication and data transmission without taking up much space, so that in this way there is redundancy for the Power line or for data transmission can be provided without further visual impairment.
  • the electrical connection can be established by a printed current path to a power source.
  • Conductive structures produced by means of imprinting in particular a metallic material, are known in principle to those skilled in the art of producing vehicle windows and are used in a variety of ways, for example as busbars, heating conductors, antenna structures or alarm loops.
  • Exemplary printing methods are described in WO 2019/206592 A1 and the citations cited therein. In terms of the present invention, those printing methods should be selected in particular for applying a printed current path that produce a comparatively small layer thickness of the conductive material.
  • Silver can be selected as the preferred conductive material, which can be easily printed in a small layer thickness in the range of microns.
  • the electrical connection can be made by a cable connection to a power source.
  • the sensor according to the present invention is arranged in the laminated pane in such a way that in the installed position it protrudes downwards over the outside of the inner pane into the vehicle interior and in this way enables optimum space coverage
  • no additional installation space is required that would interfere with the view, and due to the physical proximity, only a very short power connection is required, which can also be set up very cost-effectively and efficiently, for example a cable connection.
  • the power source is inserted into the thermoplastic intermediate layer and is laminated into the laminated pane.
  • Another option is to glue the power source into a corresponding recess within the laminated pane using an adhesive. Suitable adhesives are well known to those skilled in the art, for example adhesives from the group of polyurethane adhesives.
  • the power source can be glued before or after the lamination process. If the power source is glued in before the lamination process, the power source is also integrated via the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer can also the electrical connection of the Serve power source to the sensor, using electrically conductive adhesives.
  • the power source which is provided above the sensor in the laminated pane, is a photovoltaic device and/or a battery.
  • sensors usually have a rather low power requirement, depending on the type, it can be sufficient to provide a photovoltaic panel that is limited to the sensor surface or only slightly larger.
  • very powerful batteries for example nickel metal batteries or lithium batteries, are available, the surface area of which is also not or only slightly larger than the surface area of the sensor with a comparatively small thickness.
  • a combination of both can equally be provided as the current source.
  • no electrical connection leading outwards to the edge of the pane is required.
  • the communicative connection to a controller and/or an alarm output device can also be designed to be optically unobtrusive, for example through a transparent glass fiber connection or through wireless data transmission (WLAN, radio, bluetooth®, etc.) from the sensor to the processing devices.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the senor is a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a high-frequency sensor, a light sensor, a camera, or a combination thereof.
  • the sensor is selected depending on the desired security-related information.
  • a plurality of safety-relevant information or information on the well-being of the occupants can preferably also be recorded simultaneously with the sensor.
  • the integration of at least one radar sensor in a laminated pane according to the invention advantageously enables reliable monitoring of the vehicle interior or of people and/or animals in it provide vehicle interior.
  • the radar sensor or the determination of the radar data is also possible reliably in the dark or in strong sunlight and heat.
  • people and animals covered with textiles and their movements can be easily recorded and monitored.
  • the radar sensor is integrated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer and is thus encapsulated, fixed and protected from environmental influences.
  • the radar signals can penetrate glass and plastics and are also insensitive to vibration.
  • the data recorded is then evaluated by the evaluation unit connected to the radar sensor.
  • the radar sensors are based on radio wave technology to monitor the interior of a vehicle.
  • So-called “4D imaging sensors” use radar to detect a child left behind in the vehicle, for example, and register whether the child is breathing regularly and evenly. This also works when the child is covered or in a child seat. If the sensors notice that the child is breathing faster and that the life of the child could be in danger, it warns the driver. If this does not react, it is conceivable that the system will make an emergency call to a rescue center or switch on the air conditioning and roll down the windows.
  • the sensor system requires fewer sensors and therefore less cabling than camera-based systems and also does not generate any images that could possibly violate the privacy of the vehicle occupants.
  • Cameras as sensors in a composite pane according to the invention can collect a large number of safety-related information about the states of the
  • Vehicle interior and the occupants generate. For example, the wearing or not wearing of seat belts, the occupancy of the seats, dizziness or unconsciousness of the driver, a fixed control gesture of the occupants, dangerous shifting of the load and similar information can be detected.
  • a specific example of a camera sensor is a 3D indoor camera. The 3D interior camera scans the passengers, constantly registering their size, seating position, posture and line of sight.
  • Safety systems such as airbags or belt tensioners always assume that the occupants are in an ideal position, human laxity harbors dangers. For example, if you sit too slanted on a long-distance journey or let the seat slide too far forward, the systems programmed for an emergency, such as the airbag, can no longer develop their full effect. In the event of a dangerous situation with an imminent collision, the information collected by the interior camera should adjust the on-board systems in such a way that the best possible protection is guaranteed even if the sitting position is not optimal.
  • the 3D camera also recognizes, for example, whether the driver has both hands on the steering wheel, whether he is actively steering the vehicle or is looking at the road even with active assistance systems. If he simply looks away for a dangerously long time, a warning can be triggered and attention can be demanded.
  • another camera also monitors the second row of seats and detects careless behavior, for example by children traveling with you.
  • Ultrasonic sensors as sensors in a laminated pane according to the invention can detect movements and can be used, for example, as anti-theft sensors when the vehicle is parked.
  • the senor In a preferred embodiment of the laminated pane according to the invention, the sensor generates a plurality of safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle, in particular simultaneously.
  • a sensor or a combination of sensors is advantageously able to determine different safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle simultaneously or one after the other. This reduces the effort required for assembly, but at the same time increases the usefulness of the information.
  • the electrical connection is also used for information transmission, in particular data transmission, and for communication with a controller or with the alarm output device.
  • information transmission in particular data transmission
  • controller or with the alarm output device the electrical connection provided according to the invention.
  • the information transmission, in particular the data transmission, and the communication with a controller or with the alarm output device can also take place wirelessly, for example via a WLAN, Bluetooth® or radio connection, or wired via a fiber optic connection.
  • This also avoids having to set up optically disruptive cabling for the transmission of information, with a high data rate being able to be achieved in the case of a fiber optic connection with a transparent cable connection at the same time.
  • the glass fiber connection is arranged on the inside of the outer pane, on the inside of the inner pane or on the outside of the inner pane.
  • the fiberglass webs can be inserted, for example, on the inside of the respective pane before lamination with the intermediate layer, or they can be fixed on the respective side of the pane with an adhesion promoter.
  • adhesion promoters are well known to those skilled in the art, for example adhesives from the group of polyurethane adhesives.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of another composite pane according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of another composite pane according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of another composite pane according to the invention with a transparent electrical connection for power transmission
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention in a cross-sectional view
  • 8 shows a further embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the invention in a schematic cross-sectional view.
  • the composite pane 1 according to the invention with a sensor 2 comprises at least one inner pane 3 and one outer pane 4 which are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 .
  • the composite pane 1 is a vehicle roof composite pane with a three-dimensional curvature.
  • the inner pane 3 and the outer pane 4 each have an inside (II, III) and an outside (I, IV), which run essentially parallel to one another.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 connects the inside of the inner pane III and the inside of the outer pane II.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 contains at least one thermoplastic film and, in an advantageous embodiment, is formed by a single thermoplastic film. This is advantageous in terms of a simple structure and a small overall thickness of the laminated glass.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer or the thermoplastic film preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, which have proven useful for laminated glasses.
  • the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • thermoplastic films of the standard thickness of 0.76 mm can be used.
  • the outer pane 4, the inner pane 3 and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.
  • the total transmission through the laminated glass is greater than 70%, in particular if the laminated glass is a windshield.
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1 for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle windows.
  • the laminated glass 1 is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary for motor vehicle windows, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the inner pane 3 and/or the outer pane 4 can be thermally or chemically prestressed, partially prestressed or not prestressed.
  • the outer pane 4 is a non-prestressed pane.
  • the outer pane 4 can be exposed to loads such as stone chipping. If a stone, especially a small, pointed stone, hits a pane of glass, it can penetrate the surface. In the case of a prestressed pane, the stone can thus penetrate into the zone of tensile stress inside the pane, which leads to the pane shattering.
  • a non-prestressed outer pane 4 has a wide compressive stress zone and lower tensile stress on the inside and is therefore less susceptible to the impact of a sharp object. An outer pane 4 that is not prestressed is therefore very advantageous overall with regard to the safety of the vehicle occupants.
  • the outer pane 4 contains soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass, in particular soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glass is available at low cost and has a proven track record for automotive applications.
  • the inner pane 3 can have any chemical composition known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the inner pane 3 can contain, for example, soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass or consist of these glasses.
  • the inner pane 3 is a chemically toughened pane. Due to the prestressing, the inner pane 3 can be provided with a special fracture stability and scratch resistance. Chemical toughening is more suitable for very thin glass panes than thermal toughening.
  • thermal toughening is based on a temperature difference between a surface zone and a core zone
  • thermal toughening requires a minimum thickness of the glass pane.
  • Sufficient stresses can typically be achieved with commercially available thermal tempering devices for glass thicknesses from around 2.5 mm. With lower glass thicknesses, the generally required values for toughening cannot usually be achieved (cf. ECE regulation 43, for example).
  • ECE regulation 43 the generally required values for toughening cannot usually be achieved (cf. ECE regulation 43, for example).
  • chemical toughening the chemical composition of the glass in the surface area is changed by ion exchange, with the ion exchange being limited to a surface zone by diffusion. Chemical toughening is therefore particularly suitable for thin panes.
  • chemical tempering, chemical hardening or chemical strengthening are also commonly used for chemical toughening.
  • a chemically toughened glass pane 3 is to be provided with a recess, the pane 3 is first provided with the desired recess and then toughened. This has the advantage that the stress distribution generated by the prestressing process is not negatively influenced by subsequent machining.
  • both the stability and breakage resistance of the laminated glass and the lowest possible weight of the glazing are of enormous importance.
  • an asymmetry of the outer and inner panes with regard to their thickness has an advantageous effect on the stability of the composite pane.
  • the thickness of the outer pane 4 is generally significantly greater than the thickness of the inner pane 3.
  • Such an asymmetry in thickness with the associated advantages can also be desirable for the composite pane 1 with sensor 2 according to the invention.
  • the inclusions are, for example, organic or inorganic ions, compounds, aggregates, molecules, crystals, pigments or dyes.
  • the composite pane according to the invention in vehicles, for example as a roof pane, it is advantageous to implement additional functions in order to reduce the negative effects of weather influences such as strong solar radiation or ice formation.
  • so-called low-E coatings and/or heatable coatings can be applied to the inside of the inner pane or the outer pane.
  • Suitable material compositions of an electrically heatable coating that also functions as a low-E coating can be found, for example, in WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438.
  • a recess 6 is provided in the inner pane 3, in which a sensor 2 is positioned.
  • the laminated pane 1 according to the invention is a laminated vehicle roof pane with a recess 6 in the inner pane 3 of the laminated pane 1, preferably produced using a laser process or by means of mechanical drilling.
  • a recess 6 produced using a laser process can be distinguished from an opening produced using mechanical processes in terms of its surface structure and precision.
  • Such a recess 6 has a correspondingly high level of precision and low manufacturing tolerances, so that it is also suitable in three-dimensionally curved panes to accommodate a sensor 2 of a fixed size with a precise fit, with the sensor 2 being inserted into the recess 6 of the inner pane 3, but this being the case protrudes towards the interior of the vehicle.
  • the sensor 2 is a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a high-frequency sensor, a light sensor, a camera or a combination thereof. According to the present invention, the sensor 2 generates safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle. Safety-relevant information about conditions in the interior of the vehicle can contain both personal information such as a dizzy state of the driver or an excessively high body temperature of the occupants. Equally, however, they can also - either alternatively or cumulatively - include non-personal information about conditions in the interior, such as interior temperatures, brightness and lighting conditions in the interior, CC>2 concentration, seat belts on occupied seats, etc.
  • the sensor 2 is or can be connected either directly or indirectly, for example via a controller, to an alarm output device (not shown in the figure).
  • an alarm output device include a horn, optical and other acoustic warning signals that can be directed both into the interior to warn the occupants and outside to transmit an alarm to the outside world such as passers-by or other road users.
  • an alarm output device may include haptic warning signals, such as vibrating the steering wheel or pedals, as well as manipulation of the vehicle's driving behavior, such as a safe mode in which the vehicle stops at the curb.
  • the senor 2 is positioned at a distance from the edge of the laminated pane 1 .
  • the spacing is selected in particular in such a way that the sensor 2 is placed as centrally as possible in relation to the covered vehicle interior in order to achieve optimal spatial coverage and thus optimal spatial monitoring.
  • the sensor 2 is also positioned on the laminated pane 1 in such a way that it protrudes beyond the outside IV of the inner pane 3 into the vehicle interior.
  • the overhang of the sensor 2 into the interior is made visually appealing by a cover 9 .
  • the cover 9 includes a through-opening through which the sensor can transmit signals into the interior space underneath and/or receive signals from the interior space.
  • the cover 9 can also be made of material that is transparent to the sensor signals and can be designed without a through opening. The cover 9 protects the sensor from mechanical influences and from dust and moisture.
  • the senor 2 is protected against disturbing solar radiation by a black print 10, which is attached to the inner surface II of the outer pane 4 and corresponds in its dimensions to the contact surface of the sensor or is selected slightly larger in order to also keep out incident light from the side. This ensures trouble-free operation of the sensor and also protects the sensor against UV light aging.
  • the sensor 2 is or can be connected to a power source (not shown) via an electrical connection 7 .
  • the electrical connection 7 is made from an optically inconspicuous material and is preferably transparent.
  • an electrical connection is referred to as transparent if it has a transmission in the visible spectral range of greater than or equal to 20%.
  • the electrical connection can also have a higher transmission, for example greater than or equal to 35%, or greater than or equal to 50%. Since the electrical connection according to the invention has the same or greater transmission in the visible spectral range than the other layers or the other areas of the laminated pane, panes with a transmission in the visible spectral range can be realized which are suitable, for example, as vehicle roof panes.
  • the disc according to the invention preferably has a Total transmission greater than 35%, greater than 50% or greater than 70%.
  • the term total transmission or transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmittance of ECE-R 43, Annex 3, Section 9.1
  • the laminated pane is tinted or colored.
  • the laminated pane can preferably have a transmission in the visible spectral range of less than 50%, for example less than 20%, also in the area of the electrical connection. In this way panes can be realized with a transparent electrical connection of the sensor according to the invention and with a reduced transmission in the visible spectral range.
  • Such tinted or colored lenses may be desirable for aesthetic or thermal reasons, for example.
  • the electrical connection 7 is formed by current paths in an electrically conductive layer or by conductive wires designed in a serpentine manner.
  • the current paths can, for example, be introduced into or formed from a very thin metal layer.
  • the current paths are preferably formed by laser technology in an existing Low-E layer. Examples of layer structures that have both high electrical conductivity and an infrared-reflecting effect are known to the person skilled in the art from WO 2013/104439 and WO 2013/104438.
  • any electrically conductive layer is also suitable for making electrical contact between the sensor and the electrical connection. In this case, current paths are introduced into the electrically conductive layer, via which two voltage poles are connected to the sensor according to the invention.
  • Methods for structuring electrically conductive layers are well known to those skilled in the art. These include, for example, etching or laser processes.
  • the current paths are particularly preferably generated by laser separating lines in the electrically conductive layer. In the embodiment shown, the current paths are used equally for communication and data transmission with a controller and/or with the alarm output device (not shown here).
  • the electrical connection 7 can be established by conductive wires.
  • the necessary transparency or the optically unobtrusive design which is the subject matter of the present invention, can be achieved in this variant in that the wires are on the one hand very thin and/or on the other hand designed in a serpentine manner.
  • a well-known example in the manufacture of vehicle windows is such wires that are used as heating wires in windshields.
  • wires usually have a thickness of about 20 ⁇ m and they are practically undetectable by looking through them.
  • multiple wires can be provided for a current path and/or communication path. Since the wires are so thin that the occupants can hardly see them visually, a large number of wires can be used not only as an electrical connection, but also for communication and data transmission without taking up much space, so that in this way there is redundancy for the Power line or for data transmission can be provided without further visual impairment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the laminated pane 1 according to the invention in a schematic cross-sectional view.
  • the general structure of the laminated pane 1 with sensor 2, outer pane 4, inner pane 3 and intermediate layer 5 laminated in between corresponds to the structure as shown in FIG. 1, so that only the different versions are discussed below.
  • the sensor 2 is attached to the outside IV of the inner pane, for example by gluing.
  • the sensor 2 is covered from the interior with a cover 9, as already described above.
  • the inner pane 3 there is a recess 6 in the area of the sensor 2, but in any case within the area of the inner pane 3 covered by the cover 9, in the form of a through opening.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the laminated pane 1 according to the present invention.
  • the composite pane 1 comprises an outer pane 4 with an outer side I and an inner side II, an inner pane 3 with an outer side IV, which faces the vehicle interior, and an inner side III, and an intermediate layer 5 arranged between the two panes 3 and 4.
  • the sensor 2 is inserted into a recess 6 of the inner pane and projects beyond this into the interior of the vehicle.
  • the sensor 2 is covered with its protruding into the interior section by a cover 9, which is attached to the outside IV of the inner pane 3.
  • the cover 9 has an opening for the beam path of the sensor 2 .
  • the upper side of the sensor 2 is fixed to the intermediate layer 5 .
  • a current source 8 is integrated in the intermediate layer above the sensor 2 .
  • the power source 8 can be a battery and/or a photovoltaic device, for example.
  • the sensor 2 is electrically conductively connected to the power source 8 by a cable connection 7 . Due to the spatial proximity, the cable connection can be made so short that it is visually unobtrusive and is also covered by the cover 9 for a vehicle occupant.
  • the data transmission from the sensor 2 to a controller and/or to the alarm output device can take place wirelessly in this exemplary embodiment, for example via a WLAN, Bluetooth® or radio connection. In contrast to the previous embodiments, a conductive layer 7 is not provided.
  • a black print 10 is provided on the inside II of the outer pane 4 in the surface area of the sensor and its cover, which, in contrast to the previous embodiments, however, only covers the areas that lie outside the power source 8 arranged underneath. In this way, the sunlight can radiate onto the photovoltaic device, with the sensor 2 arranged below the power source 8 still being protected from the solar radiation. This protection against radiation is also provided if a battery is used as the power source 8 . In this case, the black print 10 can also cover the battery.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further example of a laminated pane 1 according to the invention with a sensor 2 for monitoring the interior of the vehicle.
  • the senor 2 is not fixed in a recess in the inner pane but on the outside IV of the inner pane 3.
  • the electrical connection 7 is designed, for example, as a cable connection or as a foil conductor and is passed through a through-opening 6 in the inner pane 3 led to the power source 8.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a current source 8 is arranged above the sensor 2 in the intermediate layer 5 and is conductively connected to the sensor 2 by an electrical connection 7 .
  • the electrical connection 7 is routed through a through-opening 6 in the inner pane to the sensor 2 and connected to it.
  • the data transmission of the sensor 2 to a controller and/or to an alarm output device is not made possible and implemented wirelessly but via a fiber optic connection 11 .
  • the glass fiber connection 11 is transparent and in the present case is guided along the inside III of the inner pane 3 to the edge of the composite pane 1 .
  • the glass fiber connection 11 is made so thin that the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 can also be made with the usual thickness and can be laminated without cutouts with the other two panes when the glass fiber connection is inserted.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the electrical connection 7 is routed through a through-opening 6 in the inner pane to the sensor 2 and connected to it.
  • the data transmission of the sensor 2 to a controller and/or to an alarm output device is not wireless or via the electrical connection 7 but made possible and realized via a fiber optic connection 11 .
  • the power source for the power supply of the sensor 2 can be provided in the sensor 2 itself.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the electrical connection 7 is also routed through the recess 6 in the inner pane 3 to the sensor 2 and connected to it.
  • the data transmission of the sensor 2 to a controller and/or to an alarm output device is not enabled and implemented wirelessly or via the electrical connection 7 but via a fiber optic connection 11 .
  • the power source for the power supply of the sensor 2 can be provided in the sensor 2 itself.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further example of a laminated pane 1 according to the invention with a sensor 2 for monitoring the interior of the vehicle.
  • the laminated pane 1 comprises an outer pane 4 with an outside I and an inside II and an inner pane 3 with an outside IV and an inside III.
  • the two disks 3 and 4 are laminated together with an intermediate layer 5 made of a thermoplastic material.
  • An electrical connection 7 is provided on the outside IV of the inner pane 3 , which electrically conductively connects the sensor 2 to a controller and/or an alarm device outside of the composite pane 1 .
  • the sensor 2 is attached to the electrical connection 7 oriented downward into the interior of the vehicle and makes conductive contact with the electrical connection 7 .
  • the electrically conductive connection 7 is designed to be optically unobtrusive and, for example, through current paths in a thin metallic coating, through a metal print, in particular through a silver print. or a low-E coating.
  • the thin metallic coating can consist of copper or silver, for example.
  • the power source can be provided outside of the laminated pane 1 . However, it can also be integrated in the sensor 2 . Toward the interior, the sensor 2 is optically pleasingly covered by a cover 9, which has a recess through which the beam path of the sensor is guided.
  • a black print 10 is provided on the inside II of the outer pane 4 in the surface area of the sensor 2 and the cover 9, which protects the sensor from solar radiation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une vitre feuilletée (1) destinée à être utilisée comme vitre de toit de véhicule ayant au moins un capteur (2), comprenant au moins une vitre interne (3) ayant un côté interne (III) et un côté externe (IV), une vitre externe (4) ayant un côté interne (II) et un côté externe (I), une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (5) qui joint le côté interne (II) de la vitre externe (4) et le côté interne (III) de la vitre interne (3) l'un à l'autre, le capteur (2) produisant des informations relatives à la sécurité concernant des conditions dans l'intérieur du véhicule et étant relié à au moins un dispositif d'émission d'alarme, le capteur (2) étant positionné sur la vitre feuilletée (1) à une certaine distance du bord de la vitre feuilletée de telle sorte qu'il fait saillie dans l'intérieur du véhicule à partir du côté externe (IV) de la vitre interne (3), et le capteur (2) étant relié à une source d'alimentation (8) par l'intermédiaire d'un raccordement électrique (7), le raccordement électrique (7) étant visuellement discret, et l'utilisation de la vitre feuilletée (1) comme vitre de toit de véhicule.
PCT/EP2022/056071 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 Vitre feuilletée pour un toit de véhicule ayant un capteur de sécurité pour une surveillance d'un intérieur WO2022194646A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22710623.4A EP4308378A1 (fr) 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 Vitre feuilletée pour un toit de véhicule ayant un capteur de sécurité pour une surveillance d'un intérieur
CN202280001097.0A CN115461218A (zh) 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 具有用于监控内部空间的安全传感器的用于交通工具天窗的复合板

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21163119.7 2021-03-17
EP21163119 2021-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022194646A1 true WO2022194646A1 (fr) 2022-09-22

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PCT/EP2022/056071 WO2022194646A1 (fr) 2021-03-17 2022-03-09 Vitre feuilletée pour un toit de véhicule ayant un capteur de sécurité pour une surveillance d'un intérieur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4308378A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115461218A (fr)
WO (1) WO2022194646A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2013104438A1 (fr) 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque transparent avec revêtement conducteur électrique
WO2013104439A1 (fr) 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque transparent avec revêtement conducteur électrique
WO2019206592A1 (fr) 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé d'impression d'un revêtement structuré en argent présentant une intensité maximale admissible de courant améliorée
DE202020106458U1 (de) * 2020-11-11 2020-12-02 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Radarsensorsystem zur Fahrzeuginnenraumüberwachung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0876608B1 (fr) 1995-11-27 2002-04-17 Fuhr, Günter Procede et dispositif de production de phenomenes de resonance dans des suspensions de particules
WO2011033313A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Pilkington Group Limited Vitrage feuilleté
WO2013104438A1 (fr) 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque transparent avec revêtement conducteur électrique
WO2013104439A1 (fr) 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 Saint-Gobain Glass France Disque transparent avec revêtement conducteur électrique
WO2019206592A1 (fr) 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procédé d'impression d'un revêtement structuré en argent présentant une intensité maximale admissible de courant améliorée
DE202020106458U1 (de) * 2020-11-11 2020-12-02 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Radarsensorsystem zur Fahrzeuginnenraumüberwachung

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CN115461218A (zh) 2022-12-09
EP4308378A1 (fr) 2024-01-24

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