WO2022194293A1 - 和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统 - Google Patents

和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022194293A1
WO2022194293A1 PCT/CN2022/081814 CN2022081814W WO2022194293A1 WO 2022194293 A1 WO2022194293 A1 WO 2022194293A1 CN 2022081814 W CN2022081814 W CN 2022081814W WO 2022194293 A1 WO2022194293 A1 WO 2022194293A1
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Prior art keywords
phase
traction
power supply
feeder
circuit breaker
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PCT/CN2022/081814
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵印军
李笑倩
林云志
魏应冬
李增勤
李占赫
黄红志
白雪莲
陆超
张树卿
袁志昌
Original Assignee
中铁电气化局集团有限公司
清华大学
中铁电气工业有限公司
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Publication of WO2022194293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022194293A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources

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  • the present application relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular, to a full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply.
  • in-phase power supply technology Through the in-phase power supply technology, the defects of the traditional out-of-phase power supply method can be overcome to a large extent, which is the future development trend.
  • one of the following power supply systems is usually used: quasi-in-phase power supply technology, through-type in-phase traction power supply mode based on three-phase-single-phase power electronic converters, a Vv wiring traction substation out-of-phase and in-phase compatible synthesis. Compensation device and traction power supply system, etc.
  • the power supply system used in the related art often has the technical problem that it can only pass through the same phase and cannot be compatible with the different phase.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a full-through flexible traction power supply system that is compatible with out-of-phase power supply, cancels electrical phase separation, significantly improves power quality, and brings many advantages to the traction power supply system;
  • the specific wiring method of power supply, and this wiring method is compatible with out-of-phase power supply and through-phase power supply, provides a technical solution for the out-of-phase power supply electrified railway project that will be transformed into through-phase power supply.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply, including:
  • the traction substation includes:
  • the first power input line and the second power input line, the first power supply line and the second power input line are divided into
  • SPC Stat1c Power Converters, static power converters
  • the first ends and the second ends of the plurality of static power converters SPC are respectively connected to the traction transformer, the plurality of static power converters
  • the third terminals of the SPC are all grounded;
  • a second isolating switch arranged at a preset position of the first segmented busbar, wherein the first segmented busbar is connected to the traction transformer through a third circuit breaker to a sixth circuit breaker, and the first segmented busbar is connected to the traction transformer a segmented bus is connected to the fourth ends of the plurality of static power converters SPC;
  • the first to fourth feeders wherein the first feeder and the fourth feeder are connected to the first segmented busbar and the upward line of the catenary through a seventh circuit breaker and a tenth circuit breaker, respectively, the The second feeder and the third feeder are connected to the first segmented busbar and the downlink of the catenary through an eighth circuit breaker and a ninth circuit breaker, respectively;
  • a first electrical phase split structure the first end of the first electrical phase split structure is connected to the down line of the catenary, and the second end of the first electrical phase split structure is connected to the up line of the catenary ;
  • the partition includes:
  • a second isolating switch arranged at the preset position of the second segmented bus
  • a second electrical phase-separation structure the first end of the second electrical-phase-separation structure is connected to the third end of the first electrical-phase-separation structure through the down line of the catenary, and the second electrical phase-separation structure The second end of the catenary is connected with the fourth end of the first electrical phase splitting structure through the upward line of the catenary;
  • the fifth feeder to the eighth feeder are arranged between the second segmented busbar and the second electrical phase splitting structure, and the fifth feeder and the seventh feeder pass through the eleventh circuit breaker and the seventh feeder respectively.
  • the thirteenth circuit breaker is connected with the second segmented busbar and the upward line of the catenary, and the sixth feeder and the eighth feeder are connected with the twelfth and fourteenth circuit breakers respectively.
  • the second segmented bus bar is connected to the down line of the catenary.
  • the all-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with the out-of-phase power supply according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features.
  • the above-mentioned full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply further includes:
  • a third isolation switch disposed between the first feeder and the second feeder
  • a fourth isolation switch is provided between the third feeder and the fourth feeder.
  • the SPC adopts single-phase input/single-phase output SPC;
  • the SPC adopts three-phase input/single-phase output SPC.
  • traction transformers there are multiple traction transformers, so as to control the parallel operation of multiple traction transformers.
  • the electrical phase splitting structure includes an electrical splitting structure without a circuit breaker and an electrical splitting structure with a circuit breaker, wherein the electrical phase splitting structure without a circuit breaker passes through the traction substation or partition.
  • the closing of all busbar isolating switches and on-grid feeder circuit breakers conducts the same-phase power supply.
  • all SPC incoming and outgoing line switches, on-grid feeder circuit breakers, double-sided switches of electrical phase isolation switches, and busbar isolating switches are opened, and all on-grid feeder circuit breakers, the traction transformers are closed.
  • the secondary side feeder switch of the switch makes the switch from the through-in-phase power supply mode to the out-of-phase power supply mode.
  • the fully through-type flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply according to the embodiment of the present application, electrical phase separation can be eliminated, power quality can be significantly improved, many advantages are brought to the traction power supply system, and the problem of electrical phase separation can be effectively solved ;
  • the specific wiring method of through-in-phase traction power supply is proposed, and the connection method can be compatible with out-of-phase power supply and through-in-phase power supply, which provides a technical solution for the out-of-phase power supply electrified railway project that will be transformed into through-in-phase power supply; It can also realize flexible switching between different-phase power supply mode and in-phase power supply mode.
  • the reliability of the system is high, and it can be adapted to various application scenarios, with strong engineering practical value.
  • All traction power supply systems using various traction transformers can use the technology in this patent to realize the same-phase power supply; with the ability of system-level coordinated control, two traction transformers of each traction substation can be organized to run in parallel, so as to make full use of the traction
  • the capacity of the transformer is reduced, the reserve capacity of the traction transformer is reduced, and the economy of the system is improved; the system can also realize the isolation of the public grid and the catenary, and has the capability of fault ride-through.
  • the influence range of power failure and switching off is small, and the power supply reliability is strong.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the out-of-phase and in-phase compatible comprehensive compensation device of Vv wiring traction substation in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a traction power supply system in the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main wiring of a full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of wiring a traction transformer and a single-phase input/single-phase output SPC according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of wiring a traction transformer and a three-phase input/single-phase output SPC according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the structure of electrical splitting without a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of wiring of an electrical split-phase belt circuit breaker structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a bus bar pass-through mode in the case of electrical phase separation without a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a catenary connection mode in the case of electrical splitting without a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a single feeder with up and down lines in the case of electrical splitting without a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid connection mode in the case of electrical splitting without a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection mode of the contact line in the case of an electrical split-phase band circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the single-feeder belt upstream and downstream lines in the case of the electrical split-phase belt circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an electrified railway power supply mode that can cancel part of the electrical phase separation is proposed. Because the active compensation type in-phase power supply system has the quasi-in-phase power supply capability, the electric phase separation device in the original traction power supply station can be cancelled, and the number of electric separation phases in the power supply system is greatly reduced.
  • the in-phase power supply mode is not a completely connected in-phase power supply, but a power supply mode between out-of-phase power supply and continuous in-phase power supply.
  • the related art discloses an improved parallel-type feed-through traction power supply system based on an existing traction power supply system.
  • a power electronic conversion device for replacing electrical phase separation is provided between the three-phase power grid and the traction power grid.
  • the outputs ⁇ and ⁇ of the traction transformer Q connected to the three-phase power grid are respectively connected to the traction grid through the power electronic conversion device D and the step-up transformer S connected to it; the power electronic conversion device D A single-phase-single-phase converter that produces an AC-DC-AC conversion by more than one in parallel.
  • a through-type traction power supply system based on parallel connection of multi-level converters, which is composed of multiple through-type traction substations connected in parallel, and the traction networks of adjacent substations are directly connected to form a through-type traction power supply network;
  • the input step-down transformer connected to the three-phase power grid connected to the traction substation and more than one multi-level three-phase-AC-DC converter connected in parallel with the output end thereof, and the connection between the converter and the traction substation
  • the output of the network is composed of a step-up transformer.
  • the related art discloses a comprehensive compensation device compatible with out-of-phase and in-phase for Vv wiring traction substation: On the secondary side of the traction substation, both the leading phase and the lagging phase supply power to the traction load; the DC side is back-to-back The AC sides of the first static var generator and the second static var generator are respectively connected to the leading phase and the lagging phase of the traction transformer to form a synthesis that is compatible with the out-of-phase and in-phase structures and is easy to develop and convert from the out-of-phase mode to the in-phase mode. Compensation device to generate negative sequence power flow opposite to traction load, and through reasonable control, taking into account reactive power compensation and harmonic control.
  • Traction transformer and catenary are its two most important parts.
  • the traction transformer is powered by a 110kV or 220kV public grid, which converts high-voltage electricity in the transmission grid into alternating current at a lower voltage level; or supplies low-voltage alternating current to power electronics for further conversion into low-voltage direct current and then supplies the catenary; catenary; It acts as a transmission line; an electric locomotive introduces electrical energy into the locomotive through a pantograph or other means for the operation of the motor on the locomotive.
  • the electrical phase separation is an insulating switch, which is specially used to separate the power supply sections of different voltage phases. Since 1958, 25kV/50Hz single-phase AC has been established as my country's standard electrified railway power supply system, and all electrified railway loads are single-phase loads.
  • the method of "alternating phase sequence” is adopted. For example, if a power supply area uses A-phase power, the next power-supply area uses B-phase power, and the next power-supply area uses C-phase power, which is a method of "rotating phase sequence". Since the voltage phase difference between two adjacent power supply areas is 120° or 60°, in order to avoid the electromagnetic ring network of the traction system, an electrical phase separation structure needs to be set up to separate different power supply areas.
  • the electrical phase separation plays the role of separating the power supply sections and controlling the three-phase imbalance, it is the main source of faults in the traction power supply system, and also causes problems such as the reduction of the running speed of the high-speed rail and the "squatting" of heavy-duty locomotives.
  • this application formally proposes a full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply based on the above problems.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the all-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply includes: at least one traction substation (eg, traction substation T 1 ) and at least one sub-station (eg, sub-zone S 1 ).
  • the traction substation T1 includes: traction transformers (such as TT1-1 , TT1-2 ); the first power supply incoming line TL1-1 and the second power supply incoming line TL1-2 .
  • the first and second power incoming lines are respectively connected to the primary side of the traction transformer through the first circuit breaker B 1-1 and the second circuit breaker B 1-2 ; a plurality of static power converters SPC (Stat1c Power Converter, static power converter) (such as SPC 1-1 ......
  • SPC Stat1c Power Converter, static power converter
  • the two second isolating switches GT 96 and GT 97 are arranged at the preset positions of the first segmented busbar divided into two sections, wherein the first segmented busbar passes through the third circuit breaker to the sixth circuit breaker (ie circuit breakers B 1-11 , B 1-12 , B 1-21 , B 1-22 ) are connected to the traction transformers, and the first segmented bus is connected to the plurality of static power converters SPC via the output circuit breaker BO
  • the fourth end is connected; the first to fourth feeders, wherein the first feeder and the fourth feeder are connected with the first segmented busbar and the catenary through the seventh circuit breaker BT 1-1 and the tenth circuit breaker BT 1-4 , respectively
  • the second feeder and the third feeder are connected to the first segmented busbar and the downlink of the catenary through the eighth circuit breaker BT 1-2 and the ninth circuit breaker BT 1-3 respectively;
  • Phase structure, the first end of the first electrical phase separation structure is connected with the down
  • the partition station S1 includes: two second isolating switches GS 1-96 and GS 1-97 arranged at the preset positions of the second segmented busbar divided into two sections; the first end of the second electrical phase separation structure The down line of the catenary is connected to the third end of the first electrical phase splitting structure, and the second end of the second electrical phase splitting structure is connected to the fourth end of the first electrical phase splitting structure via the up line of the catenary; The fifth feeder to the eighth feeder between the second segmented busbar and the second electrical split-phase structure, the fifth feeder and the seventh feeder pass through the eleventh circuit breaker BS 1-1 and the thirteenth circuit breaker BS 1 , respectively -3 is connected to the second segmented busbar and the overhead line of the catenary, the sixth feeder and the eighth feeder are connected to the second segment through the twelfth circuit breaker BS 1-2 and the fourteenth circuit breaker BS 1-4 respectively
  • the busbar is connected to the down line of the catenary.
  • the above-mentioned full-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply further includes: third isolation switches GT 1-12 arranged between the first feeder and the second feeder; A fourth isolating switch GT 1-34 is provided between the third feeder and the fourth feeder.
  • the first power line can be TL 1-1
  • the second power line can be TL 1- 2
  • its voltage level can be but not limited to 220kV, 110kV, 35kV, 10kV several voltage levels.
  • the first power supply incoming line TL 1-1 and the second power incoming line TL 1-2 are respectively connected to the primary side of the traction transformer through the first circuit breaker B 1-1 and the second circuit breaker B 1-2 .
  • the rated voltage of the busbar of the traction substation is 27.5kV, and there are isolating switches GT 1-96 and GT 1-97 in the middle.
  • the SPC when the secondary side of the traction transformer is two-phase power, the SPC adopts single-phase input/single-phase output SPC; when the secondary side of the traction transformer is three-phase power, the SPC is Adopt three-phase input/single-phase output SPC.
  • the traction transformer and the SPC in the fully through-type flexible traction power supply system compatible with the out-of-phase power supply in the embodiment of the present application have two different connection modes: if the secondary side of the traction transformer has only two phases, the The wiring form of the traction transformer can be balanced wiring such as SCOTT wiring, Wood bridge wiring, impedance balance wiring, etc., or other wiring forms such as Vv, then the SPC adopts single-phase input/single-phase output SPC, as shown in Figure 4; if There are three-phase power on the secondary side of the traction transformer, such as YNd11 and other wiring form transformers, SPC uses three-phase input/single-phase output SPC, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the wiring form of the traction transformer can be balanced wiring such as SCOTT wiring, Wood bridge wiring, impedance balance wiring, etc., or other wiring forms such as Vv, then the SPC adopts single-phase input/single-phase output SPC, as shown in Figure 4; if There are three-phase
  • multiple traction transformers in a traction substation can run in active and standby mode, and can also run in parallel.
  • all SPCs are connected to one traction transformer; when the traction transformer fails, another standby traction transformer is used to supply power.
  • the parallel operation mode the traction transformers run at the same time, and the SPC is connected to different traction transformers; if a traction transformer fails, the power output of each traction substation can be coordinated through system-level control, so that the nearby normal running traction substations can support Traction substations with failed traction transformers.
  • the advantages of the parallel operation of the traction transformers are: make full use of the capacity of the traction transformers, reduce the backup capacity of the traction transformers, and improve the economy of the system.
  • the electrical phase splitting structure includes an electrical splitting structure without a circuit breaker and an electrical splitting structure with a circuit breaker, wherein the electrical splitting structure without a circuit breaker passes through the traction substation. Or the closing of the bus isolation switch and the on-grid feeder circuit breaker of the sub-zone to carry out the same-phase power supply.
  • the electrical phase splitting in the fully-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with the out-of-phase power supply according to the embodiment of the present application can have two different structures: as shown in FIG. 6 , the electrical splitting phase does not have a circuit breaker structure; As shown in Figure 7, the structure of the electrical split-phase belt circuit breaker.
  • the traction substation and the substation all adopt the bus through mode: through the closing of the busbar isolation switch and the corresponding circuit breaker in the traction substation or substation, Realize the in-phase power supply of the line; the electric phase isolation switch of the traction substation and the substation is unilaterally bypassed to realize the electrification of the electric phase non-electric area, as shown in Figure 8, the black square in Figure 8 represents when the circuit breaker is closed The black circle represents the situation when the isolation switch is closed. Those skilled in the art can adjust the closed state according to the actual situation.
  • the first circuit breaker B 1-1 and the second circuit breaker B 1-2 are both in the closed state
  • the first circuit breaker B 1-1 is in the open state and the second circuit breaker B 1-2 is in the closed state
  • the first circuit breaker B 1-1 is in the closed state and the second circuit breaker B 1-2 is in the closed state.
  • catenary break-through refers to the connection of the line through the double-sided bypass of the electrical phase isolation switch (or circuit breaker).
  • the black square in Figure 9 represents the state of the circuit breaker when the circuit breaker is closed, and the black circle represents the isolation switch. As for the closed state, those skilled in the art can adjust the closed state according to the actual situation, which is not specifically limited here.
  • a single feeder with upstream and downstream lines can be used, that is, the faulty circuit breaker is disconnected, the isolation switch between adjacent feeders is closed, and another The breaker belt of a feeder runs up and down.
  • the black square in FIG. 10 represents the state when the circuit breaker is closed, and the black circle represents the state when the isolation switch is closed. Those skilled in the art can adjust the closed state according to the actual situation.
  • the traction substation and the sub-zone all adopt the catenary connection method.
  • the black square in FIG. 12 represents the state when the circuit breaker is closed, and the black circle represents the state when the isolation switch is closed. Those skilled in the art can adjust the closed state according to the actual situation.
  • the single feeder can be operated with the upstream and downstream lines.
  • the black square in FIG. 13 represents the state when the circuit breaker is closed, and the black circle represents the state when the isolation switch is closed. Those skilled in the art can adjust the closed state according to the actual situation.
  • all SPC incoming and outgoing line switches, on-grid feeder circuit breakers, double-sided switches of electrical phase-disconnecting switch, and busbar isolating switches are opened, and all on-grid feeder circuit breakers and secondary switches of traction transformers are closed.
  • the side feeder switch makes the switch from the through-in-phase power supply mode to the out-of-phase power supply mode, so as to implement the out-of-phase operation mode and the out-of-phase cross-area operation mode.
  • the fully-through flexible traction power supply system compatible with the out-of-phase power supply in the embodiment of the present application can also be switched from the through-in-phase power supply mode to the out-of-phase power supply mode. That is to say, no matter what kind of connection mode it is in, if all SPCs are locked, then all SPC incoming and outgoing switches, feeder circuit breakers, electrical phase isolating switches (or circuit breakers) double-sided switches, and bus isolating switches are opened.
  • the fully-connected flexible traction power supply system compatible with out-of-phase power supply converts the three-phase power of the public grid into single-phase AC power through the power electronic converter SPC composed of full-control devices; Amplitude and phase, control the voltage phase in the catenary to be near a certain reference value, eliminate the no-power area of the catenary, and realize the full connection of the catenary, which largely solves the problems that have plagued China's traction power supply technology for decades. Defects and deficiencies of the phase power supply method.
  • the no-power area is eliminated, the power quality is significantly improved, many advantages are brought to the traction power supply system, and the problem of electrical phase separation is effectively solved; at the same time,
  • the specific wiring method of through-in-phase traction power supply is proposed, and this connection method is compatible with out-of-phase power supply and through-in-phase power supply, which provides a technical solution for the out-of-phase power supply electrified railway project that will be transformed into through-in-phase power supply.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with “first”, “second” may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
  • N means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.
  • N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
  • a suitable instruction execution system For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following techniques known in the art, or a combination thereof: discrete with logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals Logic circuits, application specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gates, Programmable Gate Arrays (PGA), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), etc.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. If the integrated modules are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，包括：至少一个牵引变电所和至少一个分区所，牵引变电所包括：牵引变压器；第一路电源进线和第二路电源进线；静止功率转换器SPC的第一端和第二端与牵引变压器相连；第二隔离开关，第一分段式母线通过第三断路器至第六断路器与牵引变压器相连，第一分段式母线与多个静止功率转换器SPC的第四端相连；第一至第四馈线；第一电分相结构；分区所包括：第二隔离开关；第二电分相结构的第一端通过下行线与第一电分相结构的第三端相连，第二电分相结构的第二端通过上行线与第一电分相结构的第四端相连；设置于第二分段式母线与第二电分相结构之间的第五馈线至第八馈线。

Description

和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202110293122.4、申请日为2021年03月18日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力系统技术领域，特别涉及一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统。
背景技术
贯通同相供电技术，可以在很大程度上克服传统的异相供电方式的缺陷，是未来的发展趋势。相关技术中，通常采用以下供电系统之一：准同相供电技术、基于三相-单相电力电子变流器的贯通式同相牵引供电方式、一种Vv接线牵引变电所异相与同相兼容综合补偿装置以及牵引供电系统等。
然而，相关技术中采用的供电系统，往往存在仅能贯通同相，无法与异相兼容的技术问题。
由此，由于我国的主要交通线路都已经完成了铁路运输的电气化，所以必然要对既有电气化铁路线路进行改造；同时为了提高系统的可靠性，有必要研究与异相供电方式兼容的贯通同相供电方案。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明的目的在于提出一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，取消电分相，显著提升电能质量，给牵引供电系统带来很多优点；同时，提出贯通同相牵引供电的具体接线方式，且该接线方式可以兼容异相供电与贯通同相供电，为将要改造为贯通同相供电的异相供电电气化铁路工程提供了技术方案。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例提供一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，包括：
至少一个牵引变电所和至少一个分区所，其中，
所述牵引变电所包括：
牵引变压器；
第一路电源进线和第二路电源进线，所述第一路和第二路电源进线分
别通过第一断路器和第二断路器与所述牵引变压器的一侧相连；
多个静止功率转换器SPC(Stat1c Power Converter，静止功率转换器)，所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第一端和第二端分别与所述牵引变压器相连，所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第三端均接地；
设置于第一分段式母线预设位置处的第二隔离开关，其中，所述第一分段式母线通过第三断路器至第六断路器与所述牵引变压器相连，且所述第一分段式母线与所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第四端相连；
第一至第四馈线，其中，所述第一馈线和第四馈线分别通过第七断路器和第十断路器与所述第一分段式母线和所述接触网的上行线相连，所述第二馈线和所述第三馈线分别通过第八断路器和第九断路器与所述第一分段式母线和所述接触网的下行线相连；
第一电分相结构，所述第一电分相结构的第一端与所述接触网的下行线相连，所述第一电分相结构的第二端与所述接触网的上行线相连；
所述分区所包括：
设置于第二分段式母线预设位置处的第二隔离开关；
第二电分相结构，所述第二电分相结构的第一端通过所述接触网的下行线与所述第一电分相结构的第三端相连，所述第二电分相结构的第二端通过所述接触网的上行线与所述第一电分相结构的第四端相连；
设置于所述第二分段式母线与所述第二电分相结构之间的第五馈线至第八馈线，所述第五馈线和所述第七馈线分别通过第十一断路器和第十三断路器与所述第二分段式母线和所述接触网的上行线相连，所述第六馈线和所述第八馈线分别通过第十二断路器和第十四断路器与所述第二分段式母线和所述接触网的下行线相连。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统还可以具有以下附加的技术特征。
可选地，上述的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，还包括：
设置在所述第一馈线和所述第二馈线之间的第三隔离开关；
设置在所述第三馈线和所述第四馈线之间的第四隔离开关。
可选地，其中，
在所述牵引变压器的二次侧为两相电时，SPC采用单相输入/单相输出SPC；
在所述牵引变压器的二次侧为三相电时，SPC采用三相输入/单相输出SPC。
可选地，所述牵引变压器为多台，以控制多台牵引变压器并列运行。
可选地，电分相结构包括不带断路器的电分相结构和带断路器的电分相结构，其中，所述不带断路器的电分相结构通过所述牵引变电所或分区所母线隔离开关和上网馈线断路器的闭合进行贯通同相供电。
可选地，在所述SPC闭锁时，打开所有的SPC进出线开关、上网馈线断路器、电分相隔离开关双侧开关、母线隔离开关，且闭合所有的上网馈线断路器、所述牵引变压器的二次侧馈线开关，使得从贯通同相供电方式切换到异相供电方式。
由此，根据本申请实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，可以取消电分相，显著提升电能质量，给牵引供电系统带来很多优点，有效解决电分相的难题；同时，提出贯通同相牵引供电的具体接线方式，且该接线方式可以兼容异相供电与贯通同相供电，为将要改造为贯通同相供电的异相供电电气化铁路工程提供了技术方案；并且，该系统还可以实现异相供电方式和同相供电方式之间的灵活切换，系统的可靠性很高，同时可以适应于各类应用场景，工程实用价值很强。采用各种牵引变压器的牵引供电系统均可以利用本专利中的技术，实现贯通同相供电；具备系统级协调控制的能力，可以组织各个牵引变电所的两台牵引变压器并列运行，从而充分利用牵引变压器的容量，降低牵引变压器的备用容量，提升系统的经济性；该系统还可以实现公共电网和接触网隔离，具有故障穿越能力。在贯通同相供电方式下，故障时停电倒闸影响范围小，供电可靠性强。
本申请附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为相关技术中的Vv接线牵引变电所异相与同相兼容综合补偿装置的示意图；
图2为相关技术中的牵引供电系统。
图3根据本申请一个实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统主接线示意图；
图4根据本申请一个实施例的牵引变压器与单相输入/单相输出SPC接线示意图；
图5根据本申请一个实施例的牵引变压器与三相输入/单相输出SPC接线示意图；
图6根据本申请一个实施例的电分相不带断路器结构的接线示意图；
图7根据本申请一个实施例的电分相带断路器结构的接线示意图；
图8根据本申请一个实施例的电分相不带断路器情况下母线贯通方式示意图；
图9根据本申请一个实施例的电分相不带断路器情况下接触网贯通方式示意图；
图10根据本申请一个实施例的电分相不带断路器情况下单馈线带上下行线路方式示意图；
图11根据本申请一个实施例的电分相不带断路器情况下混合贯通方式示意图；
图12根据本申请一个实施例的电分相带断路器情况下接触网上贯通方式示意图；
图13根据本申请一个实施例的电分相带断路器情况下单馈线带上下行线路运行方式示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参照附图描述根据本发明实施例提出的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统。
在介绍本申请实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统之前，先简单介绍下相关技术中的几种仅能够贯通同相的供电系统。
(1)准同相供电技术；
相关技术中提出了一种可以取消部分电分相的电气化铁路供电方式。由于该有源补偿式同相供电系统具有准同相供电能力，可以取消原有牵引供电所内的电分相装置，大大减少了供电系统的电分相数目。
由于每个牵引供电所的输出电压主要决定于牵引变压器的某个输出绕组，相邻牵引变电所的输出电压相位一般不能保证完全相同，而是有显著差异，这就导致该供电方式无法取消牵引变电所之间的电分相，无法解决机车过分相难题。该同相供电方式并非完全贯通的同相供电，而是介于异相供电与贯通同相供电之间的供电方式。
(2)基于三相-单相电力电子变流器的贯通式同相牵引供电方式；
相关技术中公开了一种基于既有牵引供电系统改进的并联型贯通式牵引供电系统，在三相电网与牵引网间设置用于替代电分相的电力电子变换装置。在每个牵引变电所内，接入三相电网的牵引变压器Q的输出α座和β座分别通过电力电子变换装置D及与之相连的升压变压器S与牵引网连接；电力电子变换装置D由并联的一个以上产生交-直-交变换的单相-单相变换器。
以及一种基于多电平变换器并联的贯通式牵引供电系统，由多个贯通式牵引变电所并联建网组成，邻近变电所的牵引网直接相连，形成贯通式牵引供电网络；贯通式牵引变电所由与之相连的三相电网接入的输入降压变压器和与之输出端相连的呈并联状态的一个以上多电平三相-交-直交变换器，以及连接变换器和牵引网的输出升压变压器组成。
上述两种虽然都介绍了使电气化铁路牵引网全线电压相位同相的方法，但是仅仅涉及到电力电子设备，尚未有关于贯通同相牵引供电方式的具体的贯通方式及其主接线的研究。
(3)一种Vv接线牵引变电所异相与同相兼容综合补偿装置；
如图1所示，相关技术中公开了一种Vv接线牵引变电所异相与同相兼容综合补偿装置： 在牵引变电所次边,超前相、滞后相均向牵引负载供电；直流侧背靠背的第一静止无功发生器和第二静止无功发生器的交流侧分别连接牵引变压器的超前相和滞后相，构成异相与同相结构兼容且易于由异相模式发展转换为同相模式的综合补偿装置，以产生与牵引负荷相反的负序潮流，并通过合理控制，兼顾无功补偿、谐波治理。
但是，其只针对Vv接线牵引变电所，不适用于所有接线形式的牵引变电所。同时，该技术无法同时兼顾负序治理和无功补偿，为了产生与牵引负荷相反的负序潮流，需要引入大量的无功功率，浪费牵引变电所容量。
(4)牵引供电系统；
牵引变压器和接触网是其最主要的两个部分。牵引变压器由110kV或220kV公共电网供电，它将输电网中的高压电转变为较低电压等级的交流电；或者将低压交流电供给电力电子装置，以进一步转化为低压直流电再供给接触网；接触网起输电线的作用；电力机车通过电弓或其他方式将电能引入机车中，以供机车上的电动机运行。
如图2所示，需要特别说明的是电分相结构，电分相是一个起绝缘作用的开关，专门用来把不同电压相位的供电区段分隔开。由于自1958年起，25kV/50Hz单相交流电被确立为我国的标准电气化铁路供电制式，所有的电气化铁路负荷均为单相负荷。
为了避免大量单相负荷引起的三相不平衡问题，采用“轮换相序”的办法。例如，一段供电区域用A相电，则下一段供电区域采用B相电，再下一段供电区域采用C相电，依次循环，就是一种“轮换相序”的方法。由于相邻的两个供电区域的电压相位相差120°或60°，为了避免牵引系统电磁环网，需要设置电分相结构来分隔不同的供电区域。
虽然电分相起到了分隔各供电区段，治理三相不平衡的作用，但是它是牵引供电系统故障的主要来源，更造成高铁运行速度下降、重载机车“趴窝”等问题。
因此，本申请正式基于上述问题，而提出了一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统。
具体而言，图3为本申请实施例所提供的一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统的方框示意图。
如图3所示，该和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统包括：至少一个牵引变电所(如牵引变电所T 1)和至少一个分区所(如分区所S 1)。
其中，牵引变电所T 1包括：牵引变压器(如TT 1-1、TT 1-2)；第一路电源进线TL 1-1和第二路电源进线TL 1-2，其中，第一路和第二路电源进线分别通过第一断路器B 1-1和第二断路器B 1-2与牵引变压器的原边相连；多个静止功率转换器SPC(Stat1c Power Converter，静止功率转换器)(如SPC 1-1……SPC 1-k)，SPC的第一端和第二端分别经过输入断路器BI与牵引变压器的副边相连，且与两台牵引变压器均连接，SPC的第三端均接地，SPC的第四端与第 一分段式母线相连。
其中，设置于分为两段的第一分段式母线预设位置处的两个第二隔离开关GT 96和GT 97，其中，第一分段式母线通过第三断路器至第六断路器(即断路器B 1-11，B 1-12，B 1-21，B 1-22)与牵引变压器相连，且第一分段式母线经过输出断路器BO与多个静止功率转换器SPC的第四端相连；第一至第四馈线，其中，第一馈线和第四馈线分别通过第七断路器BT 1-1和第十断路器BT 1-4与第一分段式母线和接触网的上行线相连，第二馈线和第三馈线分别通过第八断路器BT 1-2和第九断路器BT 1-3与第一分段式母线和接触网的下行线相连；第一电分相结构，第一电分相结构的第一端与接触网的下行线相连，第一电分相结构的第二端与接触网的上行线相连；分区所包括：
分区所S 1包括：设置于分为两段的第二分段式母线预设位置处的两个第二隔离开关GS 1-96和GS 1-97；第二电分相结构的第一端通过接触网的下行线与第一电分相结构的第三端相连，第二电分相结构的第二端通过接触网的上行线与第一电分相结构的第四端相连；设置于第二分段式母线与第二电分相结构之间的第五馈线至第八馈线，第五馈线和第七馈线分别通过第十一断路器BS 1-1和第十三断路器BS 1-3与第二分段式母线和接触网的上行线相连，第六馈线和第八馈线分别通过第十二断路器BS 1-2和第十四断路器BS 1-4与第二分段式母线和接触网的下行线相连。
可选地，如图3所示，上述的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，还包括：设置在第一馈线和第二馈线之间的第三隔离开关GT 1-12；设置在第三馈线和第四馈线之间的第四隔离开关GT 1-34。
可以理解的是，如图3所示，对于牵引变电所T 1，有两路电源进线，第一路电源进线可以为TL 1-1，第二路电源进线可以为TL 1-2，其电压等级可以为但不限于220kV、110kV、35kV、10kV几种电压等级。第一路电源进线TL 1-1和第二路电源进线TL 1-2分别通过第一断路器B 1-1和第二断路器B 1-2接入牵引变压器一次侧。牵引变电所母线的额定电压为27.5kV，中间设有隔离开关GT 1-96、GT 1-97。牵引变电所母线和上、下行接触网之间共有4条馈线，分别接入第一至第四断路器BT 1-1、BT 1-2、BT 1-3、BT 1-4。在牵引变电所中有电分相结构。电分相左侧和右侧的两条馈线均一条接入上行线，一条接入下行线；且分别通过隔离开关GT 1-12、GT 1-34相互连接。对于分区所S 1，母线中间设有隔离开关GS 1-96、GS 1-97。分区所母线和上、下行接触网之间共有4条馈线，分别接入断路器BS 1-1、BS 1-2、BS 1-3、BS 1-4。在分区所中有电分相结构。电分相左侧和右侧的两条馈线均一条接入上行线，一条接入下行线。
可选地，在一些实施例中，其中，在牵引变压器的二次侧为两相电时，SPC采用单相输入/单相输出SPC；在牵引变压器的二次侧为三相电时，SPC采用三相输入/单相输出SPC。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统中的牵引 变压器与SPC有两种不同结构的接线方式：如果牵引变压器二次侧只有两相电，该类牵引变压器的接线形式可以为SCOTT接线、伍德桥接线、阻抗平衡接线等平衡接线形式，或者为Vv等其他接线形式，那么SPC采用单相输入/单相输出SPC，如图4所示；如果牵引变压器二次侧有三相电，如YNd11等接线形式的变压器，SPC用三相输入/单相输出SPC，如图5所示。
可选地，在一些实施例中，牵引变压器可以为多台，以控制多台牵引变压器并列运行。
可以理解的是，一个牵引变电所中的多台牵引变压器可以主备运行，也可以并列运行。主备运行方式下，所有SPC均接入一台牵引变压器；该牵引变压器故障情况下，由另一台备用牵引变压器供电。并列运行方式下，牵引变压器同时运行，SPC接入不同牵引变压器；如果某台牵引变压器发生故障，可以通过系统级控制协调各个牵引变电所的功率输出，使附近正常运行的牵引变电所支援牵引变压器发生故障的牵引变电所。牵引变压器可以并列运行的好处是：充分利用牵引变压器的容量，降低牵引变压器的备用容量，提升系统的经济性。
可选地，在一些实施例中，电分相结构包括不带断路器的电分相结构和带断路器的电分相结构，其中，不带断路器的电分相结构通过牵引变电所或分区所母线隔离开关和上网馈线断路器的闭合进行贯通同相供电。
也就是说，本申请实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统中的电分相可以有两种不同的结构：如图6所示，电分相不带断路器结构；如图7所示，电分相带断路器结构。
进一步地，如果电分相结构中没有断路器，正常运行情况下，牵引变电所、分区所均采用母线贯通方式：通过牵引变电所或分区所母线隔离开关和对应的断路器的闭合，实现线路的贯通同相供电；牵引变电所和分区所的电分相隔离开关单侧旁路，实现电分相无电区带电，如图8所示，图8中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态，例如，第一断路器B 1-1和第二断路器B 1-2均处于闭合状态，再如第一断路器B 1-1处于断开状态和第二断路器B 1-2均处于闭合状态，再如第一断路器B 1-1处于闭合状态和第二断路器B 1-2均处于断开状态等，在此不做具体限定。
当牵引变电所母线发生故障或者牵引变电所解列时，故障牵引变电所采用接触网贯通，其他牵引变电所、分区所继续采用母线贯通，可以保证贯通同相供电的继续供应。如图9所示，接触网贯通是指通过电分相隔离开关(或断路器)双侧旁路实现线路的贯通，图9中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态，在此不做具体限定。
进一步地，如图10所示，当牵引变电所上网断路器故障时，可以采用单馈线带上下行线路方式，即断开故障的断路器，闭合相邻馈线之间的隔离开关，用另一馈线的断路器带上 下行运行。需要说明的是，图10中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态。
进一步地，如图11所示，当分区所上网断路器故障时，故障分区所采用混合贯通，其他牵引变电所、分区所继续采用母线贯通。混合贯通是指上(下)行线路采用母线贯通，下(上)行线路采用接触网上贯通的运行方式。需要说明的是，图11中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态。
进一步地，如图12所示，如果电分相结构中有断路器，正常运行情况下，牵引变电所、分区所均采用接触网上贯通方式。需要说明的是，图12中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态。
进一步地，如图13所示，当牵引变电所上网断路器故障时，可以采用单馈线带上下行线路运行的方式。需要说明的是，图13中黑色方形代表断路器闭合时的状态，黑色圆形代表隔离开关闭合时的情况，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况调整闭合状态。
可选地，在一些实施例中，打开所有的SPC进出线开关、上网馈线断路器、电分相隔离开关双侧开关、母线隔离开关，且闭合所有的上网馈线断路器、牵引变压器的二次侧馈线开关，使得从贯通同相供电方式切换到异相供电方式，从而执行异相运行方式以及异相跨区运行方式。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统还可以由贯通同相供电方式切换到异相供电方式。也就是说，不论处于哪种贯通方式下，若将所有的SPC闭锁，再打开所有的SPC进出线开关，上网馈线断路器，电分相隔离开关(或断路器)双侧开关，母线隔离开关(或断路器)；再闭合所有的上网馈线断路器，牵引变压器的二次侧馈线开关，可以从贯通同相供电方式切换到异相供电方式，从而实现贯通方式和异相方式的兼容，在复杂的故障情况下提高供电可靠性。
综上，和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，通过全控器件构成的电力电子变流器SPC，把公共电网的三相电转化为单相交流电；通过调节各SPC出口电压的幅值和相位，把接触网中的电压相位控制到某一基准值附近，消除接触网的无电区，实现接触网全线贯通，很大程度上解决了困扰中国牵引供电技术数十年的异相供电方式的缺陷和不足。
根据本申请实施例提出的和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，取消无电区，显著提升电能质量，给牵引供电系统带来很多优点，有效解决电分相的难题；同时，提出贯通同相牵引供电的具体接线方式，且该接线方式可以兼容异相供电与贯通同相供电，为将要改造为贯通同相供电的异相供电电气化铁路工程提供了技术方案。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或N个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“N个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
应当理解，本申请的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，N个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。如，如果用硬件来实现和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PGA)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。
本技术领域的普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法携带的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
此外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，也可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种和异相供电兼容的全贯通式柔性牵引供电系统，其特征在于，包括：至少一个牵引变电所和至少一个分区所，其中，
    所述牵引变电所包括：
    牵引变压器；
    第一路电源进线和第二路电源进线，所述第一路和第二路电源进线分
    别通过第一断路器和第二断路器与所述牵引变压器的一侧相连；
    多个静止功率转换器SPC，所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第一端和第二端分别与所述牵引变压器相连，所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第三端均接地；
    设置于第一分段式母线预设位置处的第二隔离开关，其中，所述第一分段式母线通过第三断路器至第六断路器与所述牵引变压器相连，且所述第一分段式母线与所述多个静止功率转换器SPC的第四端相连；
    第一至第四馈线，其中，所述第一馈线和第四馈线分别通过第七断路器和第十断路器与所述第一分段式母线和所述接触网的上行线相连，所述第二馈线和所述第三馈线分别通过第八断路器和第九断路器与所述第一分段式母线和所述接触网的下行线相连；
    第一电分相结构，所述第一电分相结构的第一端与所述接触网的下行线相连，所述第一电分相结构的第二端与所述接触网的上行线相连；
    所述分区所包括：
    设置于第二分段式母线预设位置处的第二隔离开关；
    第二电分相结构，所述第二电分相结构的第一端通过所述接触网的下行线与所述第一电分相结构的第三端相连，所述第二电分相结构的第二端通过所述接触网的上行线与所述第一电分相结构的第四端相连；
    设置于所述第二分段式母线与所述第二电分相结构之间的第五馈线至第八馈线，所述第五馈线和所述第七馈线分别通过第十一断路器和第十三断路器与所述第二分段式母线和所述接触网的上行线相连，所述第六馈线和所述第八馈线分别通过第十二断路器和第十四断路器与所述第二分段式母线和所述接触网的下行线相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    设置在所述第一馈线和所述第二馈线之间的第三隔离开关；
    设置在所述第三馈线和所述第四馈线之间的第四隔离开关。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，其中，
    在所述牵引变压器的二次侧为两相电时，SPC采用单相输入/单相输出SPC；
    在所述牵引变压器的二次侧为三相电时，SPC采用三相输入/单相输出SPC。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述牵引变电所包括两台牵引变压器，以控制两台牵引变压器并列运行。所述牵引变压器为多台，以控制多台牵引变压器并列运行。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，电分相结构包括不带断路器的电分相结构和带断路器的电分相结构，其中，所述不带断路器的电分相结构通过所述牵引变电所或分区所母线隔离开关和上网馈线断路器的闭合进行贯通同相供电。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，在所述SPC闭锁时，打开所有的SPC进出线开关、上网馈线断路器、电分相隔离开关双侧开关、母线隔离开关，且闭合所有的上网馈线断路器、所述牵引变压器的二次侧馈线开关，使得从贯通同相供电方式切换到异相供电方式。
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