WO2022193199A1 - 一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法 - Google Patents

一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法 Download PDF

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WO2022193199A1
WO2022193199A1 PCT/CN2021/081400 CN2021081400W WO2022193199A1 WO 2022193199 A1 WO2022193199 A1 WO 2022193199A1 CN 2021081400 W CN2021081400 W CN 2021081400W WO 2022193199 A1 WO2022193199 A1 WO 2022193199A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
formwork
cantilever
longitudinal
hole
template
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PCT/CN2021/081400
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴小松
刘开扬
贾瑞华
苏长毅
谷海华
叶亦盛
陈伟
谢小飞
周浩
崔健
罗义生
鲁文博
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中建三局基础设施建设投资有限公司
中建三局集团有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/081400 priority Critical patent/WO2022193199A1/zh
Priority to US17/228,686 priority patent/US11898447B2/en
Publication of WO2022193199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193199A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a long-distance tunnel full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction formwork system and a formwork transfer method.
  • the present invention provides a long-distance full-circular double-lined inverted arch.
  • the construction formwork system and the formwork transfer method solve the above technical problems.
  • a long-distance tunnel full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction template system including customized steel molds, steel pipe supports and flower basket bolts, the steel pipe supports are arranged on the longitudinal main flute, and the longitudinal rail and the initial Between the linings, it is used to support the vertical buoyancy, and the flower basket bolts are set between the two sides of the formwork and the reserved steel bars to resist the horizontal load generated during asymmetric pouring.
  • the customized steel mold is composed of a panel, a flange plate, an annular secondary flute, a longitudinal main flute, a longitudinal rail, a diagonal support system and a cover plate.
  • the longitudinal rail is installed on the ring-shaped secondary corrugation, and the end face is flush with the flange plate.
  • the ring width of the panel is smaller than the clear distance between the two sets of longitudinal rails integrated on the customized steel mold, and is also smaller than the distance between the columns on both sides of the cantilever door crane.
  • Clearance between the two, the oblique support system is composed of a fixed seat plate, an adjustable pin cylinder, an oblique support rod and a limit pin shaft.
  • a through hole is set in the middle of the fixed seat plate and has an internal thread, and the adjustable pin cylinder matches the external thread. And screw it into the through hole of the fixed seat plate, and adjust the length of the oblique strut through the thread.
  • Limit holes two limit holes are provided on the diagonal struts. Before concrete is poured, the limit holes at the top of the diagonal struts are aligned with the limit holes of the adjustable pin cylinder, and are locked with limit pins to support the dead weight of the formwork.
  • the invention also provides a formwork transfer method for full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction of long-distance tunnels. , there is no need to lay additional tracks, and the formwork transfer method includes the following construction steps:
  • S2 Start the longitudinal hoist, transport the formwork through the cantilever door and hang the column to the cantilever in the hole, and rotate the formwork by 90°;
  • S6 The formwork is reinforced with steel pipe supports and flower basket bolts, and concrete is poured. After the concrete is poured, the diagonal struts are withdrawn to the formwork surface for maintenance;
  • S8 The first-installed formwork is hoisted by the cantilever at the opening and rotated by 90°, the longitudinal hoist is activated, and the formwork is transported through the cantilever door to hang the column to the other end of the cantilever, and the formwork is rotated by 90°, and placed on the formwork transport flatbed;
  • the formwork strength is high, the rigidity is large, the formwork system is simple, and the degree of mechanization is high, can reduce labor intensity, save labor input, reduce labor Cost, the hoop direction of the template is a whole, there is no longitudinal seam, the hoop flange connection, the flatness is high, there is no wrong platform, and the molding quality of the inverted arch is good;
  • a kind of long-distance tunnel full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction template transfer method of the present invention has the advantages of simple operation and high work efficiency, can improve the long-distance tunnel full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction efficiency, and saves the construction period.
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of long-distance tunnel full-circle two-lined inverted arch construction formwork system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the design schematic diagram of the template system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the template of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the template transfer process according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the template transfer and rotation process according to the present invention.
  • the template system includes a customized steel mold 1, a steel pipe support 7 and a flower basket bolt 8, a steel pipe
  • the support 7 is arranged on the longitudinal main flute, and between the longitudinal rail and the primary lining 6, for supporting the vertical buoyancy, and the flower basket bolts 8 are arranged between the two sides of the formwork and the reserved steel bars for resisting the level of asymmetric pouring. load.
  • the customized steel mold 1 is composed of a panel 101, a flange 102, an annular secondary flute, a longitudinal main flute, a longitudinal rail 103, an oblique support system 104 and a cover plate 105.
  • the flange 101, the annular The secondary flute and the longitudinal main flute are welded on the panel 101 and are subjected to common force.
  • the longitudinal rail 103 is installed on the annular secondary flute, and the end face is flush with the flange 102.
  • the ring width of the panel 101 is smaller than the two integrated on the customized steel mold 1.
  • the clear distance between the longitudinal rails 103 is also smaller than the clear space between the columns on both sides of the cantilever door crane 2, and the cover plate 105 is located on the annular secondary corrugation to prevent concrete from contaminating the formwork during the pouring process.
  • the oblique support system 104 is composed of a fixed seat plate, an adjustable pin cylinder, an oblique strut and a limit pin shaft.
  • the middle part of the fixed seat plate is provided with a through hole and has an internal thread
  • the adjustable pin cylinder is matched with an external thread and has an internal thread. Screw it into the through hole of the fixed seat plate, and adjust the length of the oblique strut through the thread.
  • Position holes, the diagonal struts are provided with two limit holes. Before concrete is poured, the limit holes at the top of the diagonal struts are aligned with the limit holes of the adjustable pin cylinder, and are locked with the limit pins to support the self-weight of the formwork and the concrete. After the pouring is completed, pull out the limit pin and align the limit hole at the bottom of the diagonal strut with the limit hole of the adjustable pin cylinder, and use the limit pin to lock it as the template surface.
  • the present invention also provides a formwork transfer method for full-circle double-lined inverted arch construction of long-distance tunnels.
  • the form transfer method includes the following construction steps:
  • Step 1 Install a cantilever door crane 2 at the entrance of the hole, and cantilever a custom steel mold 1 at one end outside the hole and rotate it 90°, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6;
  • Step 2 Start the longitudinal hoist, transport the template through the cantilever door and hang 2 columns to the cantilever in the hole, and rotate the template by 90°;
  • Step 3 the cantilever in the hole lowers the template, and simultaneously the oblique struts are passed through the template to provide support, ensuring that the template integrated longitudinal track 103 is aligned with the track of the cantilever door hanger 2;
  • Step 4 Repeat the above-mentioned template transfer steps, install the second template, and connect the flanges 105 of the two templates;
  • Step 5 Repeat the above steps to complete the installation of the remaining templates.
  • the transport flat car 3 can be used to cooperate to improve the efficiency;
  • Step 6 Use steel pipe supports 7 and flower basket bolts 8 to reinforce the formwork, and pour concrete, and immediately withdraw the diagonal struts to the formwork surface for maintenance after the concrete is poured;
  • Step 7 Remove the steel pipe support 7 and the turnbuckle bolt 8, and install the second cantilever door crane 2 at the hole;
  • Step 8 The first installed formwork is hoisted by the cantilever at the opening and rotated by 90°, the longitudinal hoist is started, and the transport formwork is lifted through the cantilever door from the 2 column to the other end of the cantilever, and the formwork is rotated by 90°, and placed on the formwork transport flatbed 3;
  • Step 9 The formwork transport flatbed 3 travels to another cantilever door crane 2, the formwork is hoisted by one end of the cantilever and rotates 90°, the longitudinal hoist is activated, and the formwork is transported through the cantilever door hangs 2 columns to the other end of the cantilever and rotates the formwork by 90 degrees. °, lower the template to complete the transfer and installation;
  • Step 10 Repeat steps 8 and 10 to complete the transfer of the remaining formwork, install support reinforcement, and pour concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系，该模板体系包括定制钢模（1）、钢管支撑（7）和花篮螺栓（8），钢管支撑（7）设置在纵向主楞，以及纵向轨道与初衬（6）之间，用于支撑竖向浮力，花篮螺栓（8）设置在模板两侧与预留钢筋之间，用于抵抗不对称浇筑时产生的水平荷载；此外该仰拱施工模板的转运方法被公开，模板转运采用悬臂门吊（2）以及运输平板车（3）实施，悬臂门吊（2）及运输平板车（3）的行进轨道集成在定制钢模（1）上，无需另外铺设轨道。该模板体系强度高、刚度大，模板体系简单，模板转运方法操作简单，工作效率高，可提高长距离全圆隧道二衬仰拱施工效率，节约工期。

Description

一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法 技术领域
本发明涉及隧道施工技术领域，具体为一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法。
背景技术
随着社会发展的需要及施工技术的进步，长距离全圆隧道日益增多，在长距离全圆隧道二衬仰拱施工中，采用小模板拼接方式，模板体系复杂，模板转运工作量大，人员投入多，质量难以控制，整圆度差；采用仰拱台车施工，单次施工长度有限，且设备造价高，不利于大量投入。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中长距离全圆隧道二衬仰拱施工时，模板转运工作量大、人员投入多、质量难以控制等技术缺陷，本发明提供了一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法，解决了上述技术问题。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的，一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系，包括定制钢模、钢管支撑和花篮螺栓，钢管支撑设置在纵向主楞，以及纵向轨道与初衬之间，用于支撑竖向浮力，花篮螺栓设置在模板两侧与预留钢筋之间，用于抵抗不对称浇筑时产生的水平荷载。
定制钢模由面板、法兰盘、环型次楞、纵向主楞、纵向轨道、斜向支撑系统和盖板组成，法兰盘、环型次楞和纵向主楞焊接在面板上， 共同受力，纵向轨道安装在环型次楞上，端面与法兰盘平齐，面板的环宽小于定制钢模上集成的两组纵向轨道之间的净间距，也小于悬臂门吊两侧立柱之间的净空，斜向支撑系统由固定座板、可调节销筒、斜向撑杆和限位销轴组成，固定座板中部设置通孔并车内螺纹，可调节销筒车相匹配外螺纹并拧入固定座板的通孔内，通过螺纹调节斜向撑杆的撑出长度，斜向撑杆为钢管，底部设置封端钢板，顶部设置拉环，所述可调节销筒设置有一个限位孔，斜向撑杆设置有两个限位孔，混凝土浇筑前，斜向撑杆顶部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死，支撑模板自重，混凝土浇筑完成后，拔出限位销轴并将斜向撑杆底部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死当作模板面，盖板位于环型次楞上，防止浇筑过程中混凝土污染模板。
本发明还提供了一种用于长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工的模板转运方法，模板转运采用悬臂门吊以及运输平板车实施，悬臂门吊及运输平板车的行进轨道集成在定制钢模上，无需另外铺设轨道，模板转运方法包括以下施工步骤：
S1：在洞口安装一台悬臂门吊，位于洞外一端悬臂吊起一块定制钢模并旋转90°；
S2：启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊立柱至洞内悬臂，并将模板旋转90°；
S3：洞内悬臂将模板下放，同时将斜向撑杆穿出模板提供支撑，保证模板集成纵向轨道与悬臂门吊的轨道对齐；
S4：重复上述的模板转运步骤，安装第二块模板，并连接两块模 板的法兰盘；
S5：重复上述步骤，完成剩余模板安装，当模板数量较多时，可利用运输平板车配合，提高效率；
S6：利用钢管支撑及花篮螺栓对模板进行加固，并浇筑混凝土，混凝土浇筑完成立即将斜向撑杆退出至模板面进行养护；
S7：拆除钢管支撑及花篮螺栓，并在洞口安装第二台悬臂门吊；
S8：洞口悬臂吊起最先安装的模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放至模板运输平板车上；
S9：模板运输平板车行进至另一台悬臂门吊处，由一端悬臂吊起模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放模板完成转运及安装；
S10：重复步骤S8和步骤S9，完成剩余模板转运并安装支撑加固，浇筑混凝土。
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，可以达到以下有益效果：
1、本发明一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系及模板转运方法，模板强度高、刚度大，模板体系简单，且机械化程度高，可降低劳动强度、节约人工投入，降低人工成本，模板环向为整体，无纵向拼缝，环向法兰连接，平整度高，无错台，仰拱成型质量好；
2、本发明一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板转运方法，操作简单，工作效率高，可提高长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工效率，节 约施工工期。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步详细的说明，其中：
图1为本发明一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系的整体结构示意图；
图2为图1的横断面示意图；
图3为本发明所述模板体系的设计示意图；
图4为本发明所述模板的结构示意图；
图5为本发明所述模板转运过程示意图；
图6为本发明所述模板转运旋转过程示意图；
图中：1-定制钢模，2-悬臂门吊，3-运输平板车，4-已浇筑仰拱，5-待浇筑仰拱，6-初衬，7-钢管支撑，8-花篮螺栓，9-二衬钢筋，101-面板，102-法兰盘，103-纵向轨道，104-斜向支撑系统，105-盖板。
具体实施方式
如图1至图3所示，为一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系的整体结构示意图和横断面示意图，模板体系包括定制钢模1、钢管支撑7和花篮螺栓8，钢管支撑7设置在纵向主楞，以及纵向轨道与初衬6之间，用于支撑竖向浮力，花篮螺栓8设置在模板两侧与预留钢筋之间，用于抵抗不对称浇筑时产生的水平荷载。
定制钢模1由面板101、法兰盘102、环型次楞、纵向主楞、纵向轨道103、斜向支撑系统104和盖板105组成，如图4所示，法兰 盘101、环型次楞和纵向主楞焊接在面板101上，共同受力，纵向轨道103安装在环型次楞上，端面与法兰盘102平齐，面板101的环宽小于定制钢模1上集成的两组纵向轨道103之间的净间距，也小于悬臂门吊2两侧立柱之间的净空，盖板105位于环型次楞上，防止浇筑过程中混凝土污染模板。
斜向支撑系统104由固定座板、可调节销筒、斜向撑杆和限位销轴组成，所述固定座板中部设置通孔并车内螺纹，可调节销筒车相匹配外螺纹并拧入固定座板的通孔内，通过螺纹调节斜向撑杆的撑出长度，所述斜向撑杆为钢管，底部设置封端钢板，顶部设置拉环，可调节销筒设置有一个限位孔，斜向撑杆设置有两个限位孔，混凝土浇筑前，斜向撑杆顶部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死，支撑模板自重，混凝土浇筑完成后，拔出限位销轴并将斜向撑杆底部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死当作模板面。
本发明还提供了一种用于长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工的模板转运方法，模板转运采用悬臂门吊2以及运输平板车3实施，悬臂门吊2及运输平板车3的行进轨道集成在定制钢模1上，无需另外铺设轨道，模板转运方法包括以下施工步骤：
步骤一：在洞口安装一台悬臂门吊2，位于洞外一端悬臂吊起一块定制钢模1并旋转90°，如图5和图6所示；
步骤二：启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊2立柱至洞内悬臂，并将模板旋转90°；
步骤三：洞内悬臂将模板下放，同时将斜向撑杆穿出模板提供支 撑，保证模板集成纵向轨道103与悬臂门吊2的轨道对齐；
步骤四：重复上述的模板转运步骤，安装第二块模板，并连接两块模板的法兰盘105；
步骤五：重复上述步骤，完成剩余模板安装，当模板数量较多时，可利用运输平板车3配合，提高效率；
步骤六：利用钢管支撑7及花篮螺栓8对模板进行加固，并浇筑混凝土，混凝土浇筑完成立即将斜向撑杆退出至模板面进行养护；
步骤七：拆除钢管支撑7及花篮螺栓8，并在洞口安装第二台悬臂门吊2；
步骤八：洞口悬臂吊起最先安装的模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊2立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放至模板运输平板车3上；
步骤九：模板运输平板车3行进至另一台悬臂门吊2处，由一端悬臂吊起模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊2立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放模板完成转运及安装；
步骤十：重复步骤八和步骤十，完成剩余模板转运并安装支撑加固，浇筑混凝土。
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工模板体系，包括定制钢模(1)、钢管支撑(7)和花篮螺栓(8)，其特征在于：
    所述定制钢模(1)由面板(101)、法兰盘(102)、环型次楞、纵向主楞、纵向轨道(103)、斜向支撑系统(104)和盖板(105)组成，所述法兰盘(101)、环型次楞和纵向主楞焊接在面板(101)上，共同受力，所述纵向轨道(103)安装在环型次楞上，端面与法兰盘(102)平齐，所述面板(101)的环宽小于定制钢模(1)上集成的两组纵向轨道(103)之间的净间距，也小于悬臂门吊(2)两侧立柱之间的净空，所述斜向支撑系统(104)由固定座板、可调节销筒、斜向撑杆和限位销轴组成，所述固定座板中部设置通孔并车内螺纹，可调节销筒车相匹配外螺纹并拧入固定座板的通孔内，通过螺纹调节斜向撑杆的撑出长度，所述斜向撑杆为钢管，底部设置封端钢板，顶部设置拉环，所述可调节销筒设置有一个限位孔，斜向撑杆设置有两个限位孔，混凝土浇筑前，斜向撑杆顶部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死，支撑模板自重，混凝土浇筑完成后，拔出限位销轴并将斜向撑杆底部限位孔与可调节销筒限位孔对齐，并用限位销轴锁死当作模板面，所述盖板(105)位于环型次楞上，防止浇筑过程中混凝土污染模板；
    所述钢管支撑(7)设置在纵向主楞，以及纵向轨道与初衬(6)之间，用于支撑竖向浮力；
    所述花篮螺栓(8)设置在模板两侧与预留钢筋之间，用于抵抗不对称浇筑时产生的水平荷载。
  2. 一种长距离隧道全圆二衬仰拱施工的模板转运方法，其特征在于：模板转运采用悬臂门吊(2)以及运输平板车(3)实施，所述悬臂门吊(2)及运输平板车(3)的行进轨道集成在定制钢模上，无需另外铺设轨道，模板转运方法包括以下施工步骤：
    S1：在洞口安装一台悬臂门吊(2)，位于洞外一端悬臂吊起一块定制钢模(1)并旋转90°；
    S2：启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊(2)立柱至洞内悬臂，并将模板旋转90°；
    S3：洞内悬臂将模板下放，同时将斜向撑杆穿出模板提供支撑，保证模板集成纵向轨道(103)与悬臂门吊(2)的轨道对齐；
    S4：重复上述的模板转运步骤，安装第二块模板，并连接两块模板的法兰盘(105)；
    S5：重复上述步骤，完成剩余模板安装，当模板数量较多时，可利用运输平板车(3)配合，提高效率；
    S6：利用钢管支撑(7)及花篮螺栓(8)对模板进行加固，并浇筑混凝土，混凝土浇筑完成立即将斜向撑杆退出至模板面进行养护；
    S7：拆除钢管支撑(7)及花篮螺栓(8)，并在洞口安装第二台悬臂门吊(2)；
    S8：洞口悬臂吊起最先安装的模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊(2)立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放至模板运输平板车(3)上；
    S9：模板运输平板车(3)行进至另一台悬臂门吊(2)处，由一 端悬臂吊起模板旋转90°，启动纵移葫芦，运输模板通过悬臂门吊(2)立柱至另一端悬臂并将模板旋转90°，下放模板完成转运及安装；
    S10：重复步骤S8和步骤S9，完成剩余模板转运并安装支撑加固，浇筑混凝土。
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