WO2022193165A1 - 储能系统及电池管理系统的供电方法 - Google Patents

储能系统及电池管理系统的供电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193165A1
WO2022193165A1 PCT/CN2021/081249 CN2021081249W WO2022193165A1 WO 2022193165 A1 WO2022193165 A1 WO 2022193165A1 CN 2021081249 W CN2021081249 W CN 2021081249W WO 2022193165 A1 WO2022193165 A1 WO 2022193165A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
energy storage
module
power supply
supply module
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/081249
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张春雷
余士江
吴志鹏
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华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to JP2023557113A priority Critical patent/JP2024511382A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2021/081249 priority patent/WO2022193165A1/zh
Priority to CN202180005219.9A priority patent/CN114424419A/zh
Priority to EP21930760.0A priority patent/EP4287454A1/en
Publication of WO2022193165A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193165A1/zh
Priority to US18/465,716 priority patent/US20230420948A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular, to a power supply method for an energy storage system and a battery management system.
  • the energy storage system can improve the power quality of the power grid and effectively utilize renewable energy, and can be widely used in the power generation and distribution fields of the power system.
  • the independent AC mains or energy storage converter power conversion system, PCS
  • PCS power conversion system
  • BMS battery management system
  • the energy storage system usually uses an alternating current (direct current, AC)/direct current (direct current, DC) conversion module to exchange the energy for the AC market.
  • the alternating current that is, the bus voltage of the alternating current bus
  • the battery management system can monitor the voltage, current and cell temperature of the battery in real time, and at the same time monitor the environment of the energy storage system to ensure the safety of the battery and the service life of the energy storage system.
  • the battery management system will stop working and cannot detect the working status of the battery and the energy storage system.
  • an uninterruptible power supply is configured in the energy storage system, and the uninterruptible power supply is used as a backup power supply to supply power to the battery management system when the AC power fails. , but the cost of the uninterruptible power supply is too high and the applicability is weak.
  • the present application provides an energy storage system and a power supply method for a battery management system, which can improve the reliability of power supply to the battery management system, reduce the cost of the energy storage system, and have strong applicability.
  • the present application provides an energy storage system, which may include an energy storage module, a DC bus, an energy storage converter module, a first power supply module, a second power supply module, and a battery management system. At least one battery cluster (ie, one or more battery clusters) may be included in the energy module.
  • the first input end of the first power supply module is connected to the output end of the energy storage module, the second input end of the first power supply module is connected to the DC bus, and the output end of the first power supply module is connected to the first input end of the second power supply module
  • the second input end of the second power supply module can be connected to the output end of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module through the first power conversion module, and the output end of the second power supply module is connected to the battery management system.
  • the first power supply module can be used to select a larger voltage among the output DC voltage of the energy storage module and the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module based on the input voltage.
  • the input voltage here can be the output DC voltage of the energy storage module or the bus voltage of the DC bus, in other words, the output DC voltage of the energy storage module or the bus voltage of the DC bus can be understood as the DC backup power supply for the battery management system.
  • the first power conversion module has the AC/DC conversion function
  • the first power conversion module can be used to convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module into the second DC voltage, and output the first power to the second power supply module.
  • Two DC voltage At this time, the second power supply module can be used to select the larger voltage of the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage as the target voltage, and supply power to the battery management system based on the target voltage.
  • the target voltage here may be the first DC voltage or the second DC voltage, in other words, the first DC voltage or the second DC voltage may be understood as the DC auxiliary power supply (which may be referred to as DC auxiliary power for short) for supplying power to the battery management system.
  • the AC mains or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module, the output DC voltage of the energy storage module, or the bus voltage of the DC bus can be used as a multi-channel backup for supplying power to the battery management system
  • the power supply improves the reliability of power supply to the battery management system; in addition, power can be taken from the energy storage system to supply power to the battery management system, which reduces the cost of the energy storage system, improves the economy of the energy storage system, and has better applicability. powerful.
  • the first power supply module includes a first diode, a second diode and a second power conversion module.
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the energy storage module as the first input end of the first power supply module
  • the anode of the second diode is connected to the DC bus as the second input end of the first power supply module
  • the first diode The negative electrode of the second power conversion module and the negative electrode of the second diode are connected to the input end of the second power conversion module, and the output end of the second power conversion module is used as the output end of the first power supply module.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus will be lower than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module
  • the output DC voltage of the energy storage module can be understood as the DC backup power supply for the battery management system.
  • the second power conversion module can be configured to use the output DC voltage of the energy storage module as the input voltage when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is greater than the bus voltage of the DC bus, and convert the input voltage to the first DC voltage.
  • power can be obtained from the output DC voltage of the energy storage module to supply power to the battery management system, which improves the reliability of power supply, and does not need to configure an uninterruptible power supply, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage system , which improves the economy of the energy storage system.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus when the DC bus is working normally, the bus voltage of the DC bus will be greater than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus is understood as the DC backup power supply to the battery management system.
  • the second power conversion module can be configured to use the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is less than the bus voltage of the DC bus, and convert the input voltage to the first DC voltage.
  • power can be taken from the bus voltage of the DC bus to supply power to the battery management system, which improves the reliability of power supply and saves battery power; in addition, there is no need to configure an uninterruptible power supply, which reduces storage
  • the cost of the energy storage system improves the economy of the energy storage system.
  • the second power supply module includes a third diode, a fourth diode, and a Three power conversion modules
  • the anode of the third diode is used as the first input end of the second power supply module to connect to the output end of the first power supply module
  • the cathode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode are connected to the third power
  • the input end of the conversion module, the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the first power conversion module as the second input end of the second power supply module, and the output end of the third power conversion module is used as the output end of the second power supply module.
  • the second DC voltage in the event of a power failure or power failure of the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module, the second DC voltage will be less than The first DC voltage, at this time, the first DC voltage can be understood as the DC auxiliary power supplying power to the battery management system.
  • the first DC voltage here is determined by the bus voltage of the DC bus or the output DC voltage of the energy storage module.
  • the third power conversion module may be configured to use the first DC voltage as the target voltage when the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage, convert the target voltage into the target DC voltage, and perform the battery management system based on the target DC voltage. powered by.
  • the battery management system can be powered from the bus voltage of the DC bus or the output DC voltage of the energy storage module, which improves the reliability of power supply; It reduces the cost of the energy storage system and improves the economy of the energy storage system.
  • the second DC voltage when the AC mains or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module is normally supplied with power, the second DC voltage will be greater than the first DC voltage.
  • DC voltage in this case, the second DC voltage can be understood as the DC auxiliary power supplying power to the battery management system.
  • the AC mains or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module can be used as the AC backup power supply for supplying power to the battery management system.
  • the third power conversion module can be configured to use the second DC voltage as the target voltage when the first DC voltage is less than the second DC voltage, convert the target voltage into the target DC voltage, and perform the battery management system based on the target DC voltage. powered by.
  • power can be taken from the AC mains or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module to supply power to the battery management system, which improves the power supply efficiency and saves DC power, thereby improving the energy storage efficiency.
  • System benefits in addition, there is no need to configure an uninterruptible power supply, which reduces the cost of the energy storage system and improves the economy of the energy storage system.
  • the first power conversion module includes a plurality of power conversion units, and the number of power conversion units is greater than The target quantity required by the power supply of the energy storage system (that is, the redundancy design is performed on the first power conversion module).
  • the first power conversion module is used to convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage conversion module based on each power conversion unit other than the target power conversion unit when the target power conversion unit in the multiple power conversion units fails is the second DC voltage.
  • the first power conversion module can be redundantly designed, and other power conversion units can be normally operated when the target power conversion unit fails, so as to supply power to the battery management system, thereby improving the power supply. Reliability and applicability are stronger.
  • the battery management system includes a container monitoring unit, and the container monitoring unit can be used to collect system parameters of the energy storage system Or perform data transmission with the system controller of the energy storage system to monitor the working status of the energy storage system.
  • the system parameters here may include the temperature and humidity of the energy storage system, or other parameters.
  • the energy storage system after the battery management system is normally powered, the energy storage system can be monitored in real time through the container monitoring unit to ensure the service life of the energy storage system.
  • the battery management system further includes a battery control unit, and the energy storage module includes at least one battery cluster.
  • the battery control unit can be used to detect battery cluster parameters of each battery cluster, and control the charging or discharging of battery packs in each battery cluster based on the battery cluster parameters of each battery cluster, so as to balance the current and voltage of each battery cluster.
  • the battery cluster parameters here may include state-of-charge values, state-of-health values, power-state values, and other parameters.
  • the current and voltage of each battery cluster can be balanced by the battery control unit, which is more applicable.
  • the battery management system further includes a plurality of battery management units, and the energy storage module includes at least one battery cluster, One battery cluster includes multiple battery packs, one battery pack corresponds to one battery management unit, and each battery management unit in the multiple battery management units is used to balance the battery parameters of each battery pack in each battery cluster.
  • the battery parameters here may include a state of charge value, a state of health value, a power state value, a maximum operating current, and other parameters.
  • the battery parameters of each battery pack in each battery cluster can be balanced by each battery management unit, which is more applicable.
  • the energy storage system further includes a fourth power conversion module, and the energy storage module can pass the fourth power conversion module.
  • the power conversion module is connected to the DC bus, and the fourth power conversion module can be used to convert the output DC voltage of the energy storage module into a bus voltage required by the DC bus.
  • the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module is the same as the bus voltage of the DC bus, and the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module can be understood as a DC backup power supply for supplying power to the battery management system.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus will be greater than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module; on the contrary, when the fourth power conversion module fails or cannot work normally, the bus voltage of the DC bus will be higher than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module. will be less than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module.
  • power can be obtained from the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module (that is, power is obtained from the bus voltage of the DC bus) to supply power to the battery management system, thereby improving the reliability of power supply, Moreover, the battery power is saved; in addition, there is no need to configure an uninterruptible power supply, which reduces the cost of the energy storage system and improves the economy of the energy storage system.
  • the battery control unit in the battery management system is integrated in the fourth power conversion module.
  • the battery control unit in the battery management system can also be integrated outside the fourth power conversion module, which can be determined according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited here.
  • the present application provides a power supply method for a battery management system.
  • the method is suitable for an energy storage system.
  • the energy storage system includes an energy storage module, a DC bus, an energy storage converter module, a first power supply module, a second power supply module, and a second power supply module.
  • a power supply module and a battery management system the first input end of the first power supply module is connected to the energy storage module, the second input end of the first power supply module is connected to the DC bus, and the output end of the first power supply module is connected to the first input of the second power supply module
  • the second input end of the second power supply module is connected to the AC mains or the energy storage converter module through the first power conversion module, and the output end of the second power supply module is connected to the battery management system.
  • the first power supply module selects the larger voltage of the output DC voltage of the energy storage module and the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage, and outputs the first DC voltage to the second power supply module based on the input voltage.
  • the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module is converted into a second DC voltage by the first power conversion module, and the second DC voltage is output to the second power supply module.
  • the larger voltage of the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage is selected as the target voltage by the second power supply module, and power is supplied to the battery management system based on the target voltage.
  • the output DC voltage of the energy storage module when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is greater than the bus voltage of the DC bus, the output DC voltage of the energy storage module can be used as the input voltage through the first power supply module, and the output DC voltage of the energy storage module can be used as the input voltage.
  • the input voltage is converted into a first DC voltage, and the first DC voltage is output to the second power supply module.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is less than the bus voltage of the DC bus, the bus voltage of the DC bus can be used as the input voltage through the first power supply module, and the input voltage can be used as the input voltage. Converted to a first DC voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module.
  • the second power supply module when the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage, the second power supply module may The DC voltage is used as the target voltage, the target voltage is converted into the target DC voltage, and the battery management system is powered based on the target DC voltage.
  • the second power supply module when the first DC voltage is less than the second DC voltage, the second power supply module may The second DC voltage is used as the target voltage, the target voltage is converted into the target DC voltage, and the battery management system is powered based on the target DC voltage.
  • the above-mentioned first power conversion module includes a plurality of power conversion units, and the number of power conversion units is greater than that of the storage unit. The target amount of power required to power the system. When the target power conversion unit in the multiple power conversion units fails, the first power conversion module can convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage conversion module into a the second DC voltage.
  • the battery management system can be powered by multiple backup power sources, which improves the reliability of power supply to the battery management system; in addition, the power is taken from the energy storage system to supply power to the battery management system, which reduces the energy consumption of the energy storage system.
  • the cost of the energy storage system improves the economy and applicability of the energy storage system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system structure of a battery management system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a power supply method of a battery management system provided by the present application.
  • the energy storage system provided by this application is suitable for various types of power generation equipment such as photovoltaic power generation equipment or wind power generation equipment, as well as different types of electrical equipment (such as power grid, household equipment or industrial and commercial electrical equipment), and can be applied to automobiles field or microgrid field, etc.
  • the energy storage system provided in this application is suitable for energy storage of different types of energy storage units.
  • the components in different types of energy storage units may include lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries (or lead-acid batteries), and super batteries.
  • Capacitors also known as electrochemical capacitors, etc. This application does not specifically limit the specific types of components in the energy storage unit. For the convenience of description, this application will take a battery as an example to describe the energy storage system provided in this application.
  • the energy storage system may include an energy storage module, a DC bus, an energy storage converter module, a first power supply module, a second power supply module, and a battery management system.
  • the first input end of the first power supply module is connected to the output end of the energy storage module
  • the second input end of the first power supply module is connected to the DC bus
  • the output end of the first power supply module is connected to the first input end of the second power supply module
  • the second input end of the second power supply module can be connected to the output end of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module through the first power conversion module, and the output end of the second power supply module is connected to the battery management system.
  • the first power supply module can select the larger voltage of the output DC voltage of the energy storage module and the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module based on the input voltage.
  • the first power conversion module can convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage conversion module into the second DC voltage, and output the second DC voltage to the second power supply module.
  • the second power supply module may select the larger voltage among the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage as the target voltage, and supply power to the battery management system based on the target voltage.
  • the battery management system can be powered by multiple backup power sources, thereby improving the reliability of power supply to the battery management system; in addition, the battery management system can be powered by taking electricity from the energy storage system , reduces the cost of the energy storage system, improves the economy of the energy storage system, and has stronger applicability.
  • the energy storage system provided by this application can be adapted to different application scenarios, such as photovoltaic power generation scenarios, wind power generation scenarios, or power supply scenarios of electrical equipment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • the energy storage system eg, the energy storage system 1
  • the energy storage system may include a power supply device, a DC/AC converter, and a battery management system.
  • the power supply device here may include at least one battery cluster and a DC/DC converter, and each battery cluster is connected in parallel, and one battery cluster may be composed of multiple battery groups connected in series.
  • the battery pack can be a battery pack, and a battery pack can be composed of one or more battery cells (the voltage of the battery cells is usually between 2.5V and 4.2V) in series and parallel to form the smallest energy storage and management unit.
  • the battery management system can be powered by the AC mains or the output voltage of the DC/AC converter to work normally.
  • At least one battery cluster can provide a DC voltage to the DC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter performs power conversion on the DC voltage and then outputs the DC voltage to the DC/AC converter, that is, the power supply device can output the DC voltage to the DC/AC converter.
  • the DC/AC converter can perform power conversion on the DC voltage input by the power supply device to obtain an AC voltage, and output the AC voltage to the grid 2 or the household equipment 3 to supply power to the grid 2 and the household equipment 3 .
  • the battery management system can be powered by the energy storage system 1 to enable the battery management system to work normally.
  • the battery management system is powered by the output voltage of at least one battery cluster, or the output voltage of a DC/DC converter.
  • the battery management system can monitor the voltage, current and cell temperature of the battery in real time, and can also monitor the working environment of the energy storage system 1 to ensure the safety of the battery and the service life of the energy storage system 1, so that the energy storage system 1 Better power supply to the load or grid.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • the energy storage system 1 may include an energy storage module 10 , a fourth power conversion module 20 , a DC bus 30 , an energy storage conversion module 40 , an AC mains 50 , a first power supply module 60 , and a first power The conversion module 70 , the second power supply module 80 and the battery management system 90 .
  • the energy storage system 1 here may be integrated in a container, and the AC mains 50 may refer to AC with a sinusoidal waveform, such as AC provided by an AC grid.
  • the first input end of the first power supply module 60 is connected to the output end of the energy storage module 10 and the input end of the fourth power conversion module 20, and the second input end of the first power supply module 60 is connected to the DC bus 30 and the fourth power
  • the output end of the conversion module 20, the output end of the first power supply module 60 is connected to the first input end of the second power supply module 80, and the second input end of the second power supply module 80 can be connected to the AC mains 50 through the first power conversion module 70.
  • the output end of the energy storage converter module 40 and the output end of the second power supply module 80 are connected to the battery management system 90 .
  • the second input end of the second power supply module 80 can be connected to the output end of the first power conversion module 70 , and the input end of the first power conversion module 70 is connected to the output end of the AC mains 50 or the energy storage converter module 40 .
  • one or more functional modules with the AC/DC conversion function in the energy storage system may be collectively referred to as the first power conversion module.
  • One or more functional modules of the function are collectively referred to as the fourth power conversion module.
  • the first power supply module 60 can select the larger voltage of the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 and the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 as the input voltage, and provide the second power supply module 80 based on the input voltage.
  • a first DC voltage is output.
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 here can also be understood as the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module 20 .
  • the first power conversion module 70 can convert (ie rectify) the output AC voltage of the AC mains 50 or the energy storage converter module 40 into a second DC voltage, and output the second DC voltage to the second power supply module 80 .
  • the second power supply module 80 may select the larger voltage of the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage as the target voltage, and supply power to the battery management system 90 based on the target voltage.
  • the battery management system 90 can monitor the voltage, current and cell temperature of the battery in the energy storage module 10 in real time, and can also monitor the working environment of the energy storage system 1 to ensure battery safety and storage.
  • the service life of the energy storage system 1 can be increased, so that the energy storage system 1 can better supply power to the load, and the power supply efficiency of the energy storage system 1 can be improved.
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • the energy storage module 10 shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the fourth power conversion module 20 through the circuit breaker S1 , and the fourth power conversion module 20 can be connected to the energy storage conversion module 40 through the DC bus 30 and the circuit breaker S2
  • the input end of the energy storage converter module 40 and the AC mains 40 can be connected to the input end of the first power conversion module 70 through the circuit breaker S3.
  • the fourth power conversion module 20 may be a DC/DC conversion module
  • the energy storage conversion module 40 may be a DC/AC conversion module
  • the first power conversion module 70 may be an AC/DC conversion module.
  • the fourth power conversion module 40 can convert the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 into the bus voltage required by the DC bus 30 .
  • the circuit breaker here can refer to a switchgear that can close, carry and turn off current under normal circuit conditions, and can close, carry and turn off current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time.
  • the circuit breaker S1, the circuit breaker S2 and the circuit breaker S3 is closed; on the contrary, when the energy storage module 10 fails, the circuit breaker S1 is automatically turned off, and when the fourth power conversion module 20 fails, the circuit breaker S2 is automatically turned off.
  • the circuit breaker S3 will be automatically turned off to protect the energy storage system.
  • the first power supply module 60 shown in FIG. 3 may include a first diode D1 , a second diode D2 and a second power conversion module 600 .
  • the anode of a diode D1 is used as the first input terminal of the first power supply module 60 to connect the energy storage module 10 and the input terminal of the fourth power conversion module 20
  • the anode of the second diode D2 is used as the first input terminal of the first power supply module 60 .
  • the two input terminals are connected to the DC bus 30 and the output terminal of the fourth power conversion module 20, the cathode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the input terminal of the second power conversion module 600, and the second power conversion module
  • the output terminal of the module 600 serves as the output terminal of the first power supply module 60 .
  • one or more functional modules having a DC/DC conversion function (ie, a rectification function) or a DC boost function in the first power supply module may be collectively referred to as a second power conversion module.
  • the second power conversion module 600 may It is a DC/DC conversion module.
  • the fourth power conversion module 40 can convert the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 into the bus voltage required by the DC bus 30 , in other words, the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module 40 is the same as the DC voltage.
  • the bus voltages of the bus bars 30 are the same.
  • the fourth power conversion module 20 fails or cannot work normally, the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 will be lower than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10.
  • the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 can be understood as the The DC backup power supplied by the management system 90 is provided.
  • the first diode D1 When the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 is lower than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is turned off, so that the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 pass through
  • the top selection is performed to output the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 to the second power conversion module 600 .
  • the second power conversion module 600 can use the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 as the input voltage, convert the input voltage into the first DC voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module 80 .
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 when the fourth power conversion module 20 is working normally, the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 will be greater than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 .
  • the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 can be understood as The DC backup power supply for supplying power to the battery management system 90 , in other words, the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module 20 is understood as the DC backup power supply for supplying power to the battery management system 90 .
  • the first diode D1 When the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 is greater than the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10, the first diode D1 is turned off, and the second diode D2 is turned on, so that the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 pass through
  • the top selection is performed to output the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 to the second power conversion module 600 .
  • the second power conversion module 600 can use the bus voltage of the DC bus 30 as the input voltage, convert the input voltage into the first DC voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module 80 .
  • the first power conversion module 70 shown in FIG. 4 includes a plurality of power conversion units (such as power conversion units 700 a to 700 n ), and the number of power conversion units is greater than that of the energy storage system 1
  • the target quantity required by the power supply, and the power conversion unit may be an AC/DC conversion unit.
  • the target quantity may be determined by the ratio between the power supply power required by the load of the energy storage system 1 and the power supply power of a single power conversion unit, for example, the target quantity may be a value obtained by rounding the ratio.
  • the number of power conversion units in the first power conversion module 70 is at least 1 larger than the target number. Redundant design of the transformation module 70 .
  • the first power conversion module 70 can convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains 50 or the energy storage converter module 40 based on each power conversion unit other than the target power conversion unit when the target power conversion unit in the multiple power conversion units fails. converted to a second DC voltage.
  • the present application may collectively refer to the faulty power conversion units in the first power conversion module as target power conversion units.
  • the following will take the power conversion unit 700a to the power conversion unit 700n as an example for description.
  • the first power conversion module 70 is configured with one more power conversion unit (such as the power conversion unit 700n) on the basis of the target number
  • the first power conversion module 70 can convert the AC mains 50 or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module 40 into a second DC voltage based on the power conversion unit 700b to the power conversion unit 700n, and supply the second DC voltage to the second power supply module 80 A second DC voltage is output.
  • the redundant design of the first power conversion module can normally operate other power conversion units to supply power to the battery management system when the target power conversion unit fails, thereby improving the reliability of power supply and making it more applicable.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • the second power supply module 80 shown in FIG. 5 includes a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4 and a third power conversion module 800, and the anode of the third diode D3 serves as the first
  • the first input terminal of the second power supply module 80 is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply module 60
  • the cathode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 are connected to the input terminal of the third power conversion module 800
  • the fourth and second The anode of the pole tube D4 is used as the second input terminal of the second power supply module 80 to connect to the output terminal of the first power conversion module 70
  • the output terminal of the third power conversion module 800 is used as the output terminal of the second power supply module 80 .
  • one or more functional modules having a DC/DC conversion function (ie, a rectification function) or a DC boost function in the second power supply module may be collectively referred to as a third power conversion module.
  • the third power conversion module 800 may Being a DC/DC conversion module, the third power conversion module 800 may include at least one DC/DC conversion unit (ie, one or more DC/DC conversion units).
  • the second DC voltage output by the first power conversion module 70 will be lower than the first power supply module
  • the first DC voltage output by 60 can be understood as the DC auxiliary power supplying power to the battery management system 90 (ie, the DC auxiliary power available to the battery management system 90 ).
  • the third diode D3 is turned on, and the fourth diode D4 is turned off, so that the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are used for pairwise selection, so as to The first DC voltage is output to the third power conversion module 800 .
  • the third power conversion module 800 may use the first DC voltage as the target voltage, convert the target voltage into the target DC voltage, and supply power to the battery management system 90 based on the target DC voltage.
  • the second DC voltage output by the first power conversion module 70 will be greater than the output by the first power supply module 60
  • the second DC voltage can be understood as the DC auxiliary power supplying power to the battery management system 90 (that is, the DC auxiliary power available to the battery management system 90 ).
  • the AC mains 50 or the output AC voltage of the energy storage converter module 40 can be used as the AC backup power supply for powering the battery management system 90 .
  • the third diode D3 When the second DC voltage is greater than the first DC voltage, the third diode D3 is turned off, and the fourth diode D4 is turned on, so that the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are used for pairing selection, so as to
  • the second DC voltage is output to the third power conversion module 800 .
  • the third power conversion module 800 may use the second DC voltage as the target voltage, convert the target voltage into the target DC voltage, and supply power to the battery management system based on the target DC voltage.
  • the AC mains 50 or the energy storage conversion module when the energy storage module 10 , the fourth power conversion module 20 , and the AC mains 50 or the energy storage conversion module 40 are all working normally, the AC mains 50 or the energy storage conversion module
  • the priority of the output AC voltage of 40 as the AC backup power supply to supply power to the battery management system 90 is greater than the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module 20 (that is, the bus voltage of the DC bus 30) as the DC backup power supply to supply power to the battery management system 90.
  • Priority the priority of the output DC voltage of the fourth power conversion module 20 as the DC backup power supply to supply power to the battery management system 90, which is greater than the priority of the output DC voltage of the energy storage module 10 as the DC backup power supply to supply power to the battery management system 90.
  • the energy storage system 1 may also An uninterruptible power supply is configured to power the battery management system 90 .
  • the battery management system 90 includes a container monitoring unit (CMU), a battery control unit (BCU), and a plurality of battery management units (BMU).
  • CMU container monitoring unit
  • BCU battery control unit
  • BMU battery management units
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the energy storage system provided by the present application.
  • the battery management system 90 shown in FIG. 6 may be a distributed battery management system with a three-layer structure, which can be divided into a container monitoring unit 901 , a battery control unit 902 , and a plurality of Battery management units (eg, battery management unit 903a to battery management unit 903m).
  • the battery control unit 902 may be integrated in the fourth power conversion module 20, or the battery control unit 902 may also be integrated outside the fourth power conversion module 20, which can be determined according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited here.
  • One of the battery management units 903a to 903m may be connected to one battery pack in the energy storage module 10, that is, one battery pack corresponds to one battery management unit. As shown in FIG.
  • the third power conversion module 800 may include three DC/DC conversion units (for example, the DC/DC conversion unit 8001 to the DC/DC conversion unit 8003), the three DC/DC conversion units here can be respectively connected to the container monitoring unit 901, the battery control unit 902, and the battery management unit 903a to the battery management unit 903m. It is powered.
  • the DC/DC conversion unit 8001 can supply power to the packaging monitoring unit 901 based on the power requirements of the packaging monitoring unit 901; the DC/DC conversion unit 8002 can supply power to the battery control unit 902 based on the power requirements of the battery control unit 902; The DC/DC conversion unit 8003 can supply power to the battery management unit 903a to the battery management unit 903m based on the power requirements of the battery management unit 903a to the battery management unit 903m.
  • the container monitoring unit 901 can collect the system parameters of the energy storage system 1 in real time or conduct data with the system controller of the energy storage system 1 Transmission (eg, receiving different dispatch instructions from the system controller of the energy storage system 1 ) to monitor the working state of the energy storage system 1 in real time.
  • the system parameters here may include the temperature and humidity of the energy storage system 1, or other parameters.
  • the container monitoring unit 901 may send alarm information to the system controller of the energy storage system 1 to prompt the user to maintain the energy storage system 1 in time.
  • the battery control unit 902 can detect the batteries of each battery cluster cluster parameters, and control the charging or discharging of battery packs in each battery cluster based on the battery cluster parameters of each battery cluster, so as to balance the current and voltage of each battery cluster.
  • the battery cluster parameters here may include a state of charge (SOC), a state of health (SOH), a state of power (SOP), and other parameters.
  • each of the battery management units from the battery management unit 903a to the battery management unit 903m can balance the battery parameters of each battery pack in each battery cluster, here
  • the battery parameters can include state of charge value, state of health value, power state value, maximum operating current and other parameters.
  • the battery management system 90 can monitor the voltage, current and cell temperature of the battery in the energy storage module 10 in real time, and can also monitor the working state of the energy storage system 1 to ensure battery safety and energy storage.
  • the service life of the system 1 can be improved, so that the energy storage system 1 can better supply power to the load, improve the power supply efficiency of the energy storage system 1, and have stronger applicability.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a power supply method for a battery management system provided by the present application.
  • the method is suitable for an energy storage system (such as the energy storage system provided in the above-mentioned FIGS. 3 to 7 ), and the energy storage system includes an energy storage module, a DC bus, an energy storage converter module, a first power supply module, and a second power supply module.
  • the first input end of the first power supply module is connected to the energy storage module
  • the second input end of the first power supply module is connected to the DC bus
  • the output end of the first power supply module is connected to the first input end of the second power supply module
  • the second input end of the second power supply module is connected to the AC mains or the energy storage converter module through the first power conversion module
  • the output end of the second power supply module is connected to the battery management system.
  • the method includes the following steps S101 to S103:
  • Step S101 the first power supply module selects the larger voltage among the output DC voltage of the energy storage module and the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage, and outputs the first DC voltage to the second power supply module based on the input voltage.
  • the first power supply module when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is greater than the bus voltage of the DC bus, the first power supply module can use the output DC voltage of the energy storage module as the input voltage, and convert the input voltage to the first DC voltage, and output the first DC voltage to the second power supply module. Conversely, when the output DC voltage of the energy storage module is less than the bus voltage of the DC bus, the first power supply module can use the bus voltage of the DC bus as the input voltage, convert the input voltage into the first DC voltage, and supply the second power supply module. A first DC voltage is output.
  • Step S102 converting the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage converter module into a second DC voltage through the first power conversion module, and outputting the second DC voltage to the second power supply module.
  • the first power conversion module includes a plurality of power conversion units, and the number of power conversion units is greater than the target number required by the power supply of the energy storage system.
  • the first power conversion module can convert the output AC voltage of the AC mains or the energy storage conversion module into a The second DC voltage is output to the second power supply module.
  • Step S103 select a larger voltage among the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage as the target voltage through the second power supply module, and supply power to the battery management system based on the target voltage.
  • the first DC voltage when the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage, the first DC voltage can be used as the target voltage through the second power supply module, the target voltage can be converted into the target DC voltage, and based on the target DC voltage The battery management system provides power. Conversely, when the first DC voltage is less than the second DC voltage, the second DC voltage can be used as the target voltage through the second power supply module, the target voltage can be converted into the target DC voltage, and the battery management system can be powered based on the target DC voltage.
  • the first power supply module for more operations in the power supply method of the battery management system provided by the present application, please refer to the first power supply module, the first power conversion module and the second power supply module in the energy storage system and its working principle shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 .
  • the implementation manner performed by the power supply module will not be repeated here.
  • the battery management system can be powered by multiple backup power sources, which improves the reliability of power supply to the battery management system; in addition, the power is taken from the energy storage system to supply power to the battery management system, which reduces the energy consumption of the energy storage system.
  • the cost of the energy storage system improves the economy and applicability of the energy storage system.

Abstract

一种储能系统（1）及电池管理系统（90）的供电方法，该储能系统（1）包括储能模块（10）、直流母线（30）、储能变流模块（40）、第一供电模块（60）、第二供电模块（80）以及电池管理系统（90）。该第一供电模块（60）用于选择储能模块（10）的输出直流电压和直流母线（30）的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块（80）输出第一直流电压。第一功率变换模块（70）用于将交流市电（50）或者储能变流模块（40）的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块（80）输出第二直流电压。第二供电模块（80）用于选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压向电池管理系统（90）进行供电。该储能系统（1）能够提高对电池管理系统（90）供电的可靠性，同时降低了储能系统（1）的成本，适用性强。

Description

储能系统及电池管理系统的供电方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电力电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种储能系统及电池管理系统的供电方法。
背景技术
储能系统可以改善电网的电能质量且有效利用可再生能源，可以广泛应用于电力系统的发电和配电领域。在储能系统中，可将独立的交流市电或者储能变流器(power conversion system，PCS)作为交流电源，对电池管理系统(battery management system，BMS)进行供电，这时电池管理系统可检测电池以及储能系统的工作状态。
本申请的发明人在研究和实践过程中发现，如图1所示，现有技术中，储能系统通常是通过交流(direct current，AC)/直流(direct current，DC)变换模块对交流市电和/或储能变流器提供的交流电(即交流母线的母线电压)进行整流，用以对储能系统中的电池管理系统进行供电。电池管理系统可以实时监测电池的电压、电流以及电芯温度等信息，同时监控储能系统的环境以确保电池安全和储能系统的使用寿命。然而，在交流电停电时电池管理系统将停止工作，无法检测电池以及储能系统的工作状态。因此，现有技术中，如图1所示，储能系统中配置了不间断电源(uninterruptible power supply，UPS)，由不间断电源作为备用电源，用以在交流电停电时对电池管理系统进行供电，但是不间断电源的成本过高，适用性弱。
发明内容
本申请提供一种储能系统及电池管理系统的供电方法，可提高对电池管理系统供电的可靠性，同时降低了储能系统的成本，适用性强。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种储能系统，该储能系统可包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统，这里的储能模块中可包括至少一个电池簇(即一个或者多个电池簇)。其中，该第一供电模块的第一输入端连接储能模块的输出端，第一供电模块的第二输入端连接直流母线，第一供电模块的输出端连接第二供电模块的第一输入端，第二供电模块的第二输入端可通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出端，第二供电模块的输出端连接电池管理系统。该第一供电模块可用于选择储能模块的输出直流电压和直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。这里的输入电压可以为储能模块的输出直流电压或者直流母线的母线电压，换言之，可以将储能模块的输出直流电压或者直流母线的母线电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流备用电源。由于第一功率变换模块具备AC/DC变换功能，因此第一功率变换模块可用于将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第二直流电压。这时，第二供电模块可用于选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压 向电池管理系统进行供电。这里的目标电压可以为第一直流电压或者第二直流电压，换言之，可以将第一直流电压或者第二直流电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流辅助电源(可以简称为直流辅电)。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压、储能模块的输出直流电压、或者直流母线的母线电压作为对电池管理系统供电的多路备用电源，提高了对电池管理系统供电的可靠性；另外，可从储能系统中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性，适用性更强。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实施方式中，该第一供电模块中包括第一二极管、第二二极管以及第二功率变换模块。其中，第一二极管的正极作为第一供电模块的第一输入端连接储能模块，第二二极管的正极作为第一供电模块的第二输入端连接直流母线，第一二极管的负极和第二二极管的负极连接第二功率变换模块的输入端，第二功率变换模块的输出端作为第一供电模块的输出端。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第二种可能的实施方式中，在直流母线发生故障或者无法正常工作的情况下，直流母线的母线电压会小于储能模块的输出直流电压，这时可以将储能模块的输出直流电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流备用电源。这时，第二功率变换模块可用于在储能模块的输出直流电压大于直流母线的母线电压时，将储能模块的输出直流电压作为输入电压，并将输入电压转换为第一直流电压。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可从储能模块的输出直流电压中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了供电可靠性，且不需要配置不间断电源，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第三种可能的实施方式中，在直流母线正常工作的情况下，直流母线的母线电压会大于储能模块的输出直流电压，这时可以将直流母线的母线电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流备用电源。这时，第二功率变换模块可用于在储能模块的输出直流电压小于直流母线的母线电压时，将直流母线的母线电压作为输入电压，并将输入电压转换为第一直流电压。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可从直流母线的母线电压中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了供电可靠性，且节省了电池电量；另外不需要配置不间断电源，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性。
结合第一方面至第一方面第三种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第四种可能的实施方式中，该第二供电模块中包括第三二极管、第四二极管以及第三功率变换模块，第三二极管的正极作为第二供电模块的第一输入端连接第一供电模块的输出端，第三二极管的负极和第四二极管的负极连接第三功率变换模块的输入端，第四二极管的正极作为第二供电模块的第二输入端连接第一功率变换模块，第三功率变换模块的输出端作为第二供电模块的输出端。
结合第一方面第四种可能的实施方式，在第五种可能的实施方式中，在交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压掉电或者停电的情况下，第二直流电压会小于第一直流电压，这时可以将第一直流电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流辅电。这里的第一直流电压由上述直流母线的母线电压或者储能模块的输出直流电压确定。这时，第三功率变换模块可用于在第一直流电压大于第二直流电压时，将第一直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可从直流母线的母线电压或者储能模块的输出直流电压中取电对电池管理系统进 行供电，提高了供电可靠性；另外不需要配置不间断电源，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性。
结合第一方面第四种可能的实施方式，在第六种可能的实施方式中，在交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压正常供电的情况下，第二直流电压会大于第一直流电压，这时可以将第二直流电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流辅电。换言之，可将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压作为对电池管理系统供电的交流备用电源。这时，第三功率变换模块可用于在第一直流电压小于第二直流电压时，将第二直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可从交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了供电效率，同时节省了直流电，从而提高了储能系统收益；另外不需要配置不间断电源，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性。
结合第一方面至第一方面第六种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第七种可能的实施方式中，该第一功率变换模块中包括多个功率变换单元，功率变换单元的数量大于储能系统的供电功率所需求的目标数量(即对第一功率变换模块进行冗余设计)。第一功率变换模块，用于在多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，基于目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可对第一功率变换模块进行冗余设计，在目标功率变换单元发生故障时正常运行其它的功率变换单元，以对电池管理系统进行供电，从而提高了供电可靠性，适用性更强。
结合第一方面至第一方面第七种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第八种可能的实施方式中，电池管理系统包括集装箱监控单元，集装箱监控单元可用于采集储能系统的系统参数或者与储能系统的系统控制器进行数据传输，以监控储能系统的工作状态。这里的系统参数可包括储能系统的温度和湿度、或者其它参数。在本申请提供的储能系统中，在对电池管理系统正常供电之后，可通过集装箱监控单元实时监控储能系统，以确保储能系统的使用寿命。
结合第一方面至第一方面第八种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第九种可能的实施方式中，电池管理系统还包括电池控制单元，储能模块包括至少一个电池簇。该电池控制单元可用于检测各电池簇的电池簇参数，并基于各电池簇的电池簇参数控制各电池簇中的电池包充电或者放电，以均衡各电池簇的电流和电压。这里的电池簇参数可包括荷电状态值、健康状态值、功率状态值以及其它参数。在本申请提供的储能系统中，在对电池管理系统正常供电之后，可通过电池控制单元均衡各电池簇的电流和电压，适用性更强。
结合第一方面至第一方面第九种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第十种可能的实施方式中，电池管理系统还包括多个电池管理单元，储能模块包括至少一个电池簇，一个电池簇中包括多个电池包，一个电池包对应一个电池管理单元，多个电池管理单元中各电池管理单元用于均衡各电池簇中各电池包的电池参数。这里的电池参数可以包括荷电状态值、健康状态值、功率状态值、最大工作电流以及其它参数。在本申请提供的储能系统中，在对电池管理系统正常供电之后，可通过各电池管理单元均衡各电池簇中各电池包的电池参数，适用性更强。
结合第一方面至第一方面第十种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第十一种可能的实施方式中，储能系统中还包括第四功率变换模块，储能模块可通过第四功率变换模块连接直流母线，该第四功率变换模块可用于将储能模块的输出直流电压转换为直流母线所需的母线电压。换言之，第四功率变换模块的输出直流电压与直流母线的母线电压相同，可以将第四功率变换模块的输出直流电压理解为对电池管理系统供电的直流备用电源。在第四功率变换模块正常工作的情况下，直流母线的母线电压会大于储能模块的输出直流电压；反之，在第四功率变换模块发生故障或者无法正常工作的情况下，直流母线的母线电压会小于储能模块的输出直流电压。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可从第四功率变换模块的输出直流电压中取电(即从直流母线的母线电压中取电)，对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了供电可靠性，且节省了电池电量；另外不需要配置不间断电源，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性。
结合第一方面至第一方面第十一种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第十二种可能的实施方式中，电池管理系统中的电池控制单元集成在第四功率变换模块中。可选的，电池管理系统中的电池控制单元也可以集成在第四功率变换模块之外，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不作限制。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电池管理系统的供电方法，该方法适用于储能系统，该储能系统包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统，第一供电模块的第一输入端连接储能模块，第一供电模块的第二输入端连接直流母线，第一供电模块的输出端连接第二供电模块的第一输入端，第二供电模块的第二输入端通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者储能变流模块，第二供电模块的输出端连接电池管理系统。在该方法中，通过第一供电模块选择储能模块的输出直流电压和直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。通过第一功率变换模块将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第二直流电压。通过第二供电模块选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压向电池管理系统进行供电。
结合第二方面，在第一种可能的实施方式中，在储能模块的输出直流电压大于直流母线的母线电压时，可通过第一供电模块将储能模块的输出直流电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。
结合第二方面，在第二种可能的实施方式中，在储能模块的输出直流电压小于直流母线的母线电压时，可通过第一供电模块将直流母线的母线电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。
结合第二方面至第二方面第二种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第三种可能的实施方式中，在第一直流电压大于第二直流电压时，可通过第二供电模块将第一直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。
结合第二方面至第二方面第二种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第四种可能的实施方式中，在第一直流电压小于第二直流电压时，可通过第二供电模块将第二直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。
结合第二方面至第二方面第四种可能的实施方式中任一种，在第五种可能的实施方式 中，上述第一功率变换模块包括多个功率变换单元，功率变换单元的数量大于储能系统的供电功率所需求的目标数量。在多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，可通过第一功率变换模块基于目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压。
在本申请中，可通过多路备用电源对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了对电池管理系统供电的可靠性；另外，从储能系统中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性，适用性更强。
附图说明
图1是电池管理系统的供电系统结构示意图；
图2是本申请提供的储能系统的应用场景示意图；
图3是本申请提供的储能系统的一结构示意图；
图4是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图；
图5是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图；
图6是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图；
图7是本申请提供的储能系统的又一结构示意图；
图8是本申请提供的电池管理系统的供电方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供的储能系统适用于光伏发电设备或者风力发电设备等多种类型的发电设备，以及不同类型的用电设备(如电网、家用设备或者工业和商业用电设备)，可应用于汽车领域或者微电网领域等。本申请提供的储能系统适用于不同类型的储能单元的储能，这里，不同类型的储能单元中的元器件可以包括锂离子电池、铅酸电池(或称铅酸蓄电池)，以及超级电容(又名电化学电容)等，本申请对储能单元中元器件的具体类型不做具体限定。为方便描述，本申请将以电池为例对本申请提供的储能系统进行说明。
本申请提供的储能系统可包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统。其中，该第一供电模块的第一输入端连接储能模块的输出端，第一供电模块的第二输入端连接直流母线，第一供电模块的输出端连接第二供电模块的第一输入端，第二供电模块的第二输入端可通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出端，第二供电模块的输出端连接电池管理系统。该第一供电模块可选择储能模块的输出直流电压和直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。第一功率变换模块可将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第二直流电压。这时，第二供电模块可选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压向电池管理系统进行供电。在本申请提供的储能系统中，可通过多路备用电源对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了对电池管理系统供电的可靠性；另外，可从储能系统中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性，适用性更 强。本申请提供的储能系统可适配不同的应用场景，比如，光伏发电场景、风力发电场景、或者用电设备供电场景，下面将以用电设备供电场景为例进行说明，以下不再赘述。
请一并参见图2，图2是本申请提供的储能系统的应用场景示意图。如图2所示，储能系统(如储能系统1)中可包括供电器件、DC/AC变换器以及电池管理系统。这里的供电器件中可包括至少一个电池簇和DC/DC变换器，且各电池簇并联，一个电池簇可由多个电池组串联组成。该电池组可以为一个电池包，一个电池包可由一个或者多个电池单元(电池单元的电压通常在2.5V到4.2V之间)串并联组成，形成最小的能量存储和管理单元。储能系统1对电网(如电网2)或者负载(如家用设备3)供电的过程中，电池管理系统可由交流市电或者DC/AC变换器的输出电压供电以正常开启工作，供电器件中的至少一个电池簇可向DC/DC变换器提供直流电压，DC/DC变换器对直流电压进行功率变换后向DC/AC变换器输出直流电压，即供电器件可向DC/AC变换器输出直流电压。此时，DC/AC变换器可对供电器件输入的直流电压进行功率变换得到交流电压，并向电网2或者家用设备3输出交流电压，以对电网2和家用设备3进行供电。在交流市电或者DC/AC变换器的输出电压无法对电池管理系统进行供电的情况下，电池管理系统可由储能系统1内部供电，以使电池管理系统正常开启工作。例如，电池管理系统由至少一个电池簇的输出电压、或者DC/DC变换器的输出电压进行供电。这时，电池管理系统可实时监测电池的电压、电流以及电芯温度等信息，还可以监控储能系统1的工作环境以确保电池安全和储能系统1的使用寿命，从而使储能系统1更好地对负载或者电网进行供电。
下面将结合图3至图7对本申请提供的储能系统及其工作原理进行示例说明。
参见图3，图3是本申请提供的储能系统的一结构示意图。如图3所示，储能系统1中可包括储能模块10、第四功率变换模块20、直流母线30、储能变流模块40、交流市电50、第一供电模块60、第一功率变换模块70、第二供电模块80以及电池管理系统90。这里的储能系统1可以集成在一个集装箱内，交流市电50可以指具有正弦波形的交流电，如交流电网提供的交流电。其中，该第一供电模块60的第一输入端连接储能模块10的输出端和第四功率变换模块20的输入端，第一供电模块60的第二输入端连接直流母线30和第四功率变换模块20的输出端，第一供电模块60的输出端连接第二供电模块80的第一输入端，第二供电模块80的第二输入端可通过第一功率变换模块70连接交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出端，第二供电模块80的输出端连接电池管理系统90。可以理解，第二供电模块80的第二输入端可连接第一功率变换模块70的输出端，第一功率变换模块70的输入端连接交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出端。本申请可以将储能系统中具有交流AC/直流DC变换功能的一个或者多个功能模块统称为第一功率变换模块，本申请也可以将与储能模块并联，且具有直流DC/直流DC变换功能的一个或者多个功能模块统称为第四功率变换模块。
在一些可行的实施方式中，该第一供电模块60可选择储能模块10的输出直流电压和直流母线30的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块80输出第一直流电压。这里的直流母线30的母线电压也可以理解为第四功率变换模块20的输出直流电压。第一功率变换模块70可将交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压转换(即整流)为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块80输出第二直流电压。这时，第二 供电模块80可选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压向电池管理系统90进行供电。在对电池管理系统90进行供电之后，电池管理系统90可实时监测储能模块10中电池的电压、电流以及电芯温度等信息，还可以监控储能系统1的工作环境以确保电池安全和储能系统1的使用寿命，从而可以使储能系统1更好的对负载进行供电，提高了储能系统1的供电效率。
在一些可行的实施方式中，请参见图4，图4是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图。如图4所示，如图3所示的储能模块10通过断路器S1连接第四功率变换模块20，第四功率变换模块20可通过直流母线30和断路器S2连接储能变流模块40的输入端，储能变流模块40的输出端和交流市电40可通过断路器S3连接第一功率变换模块70的输入端。其中，第四功率变换模块20可以为DC/DC变换模块，储能变流模块40可以为DC/AC变换模块，第一功率变换模块70可以为AC/DC变换模块。该第四功率变换模块40可将储能模块10的输出直流电压转换为直流母线30所需的母线电压，换言之，第四功率变换模块40的输出直流电压与直流母线30的母线电压相同。这里的断路器可以指能够闭合、承载和关断正常回路条件下的电流，并能在规定的时间内闭合、承载和关断异常回路条件下的电流的开关装置。在对电池管理系统90正常供电的过程中，储能模块10、第四功率变换模块20、以及交流市电50或者储能变流模块40均正常工作，断路器S1、断路器S2以及断路器S3均闭合；反之，在储能模块10发生故障时断路器S1会自动关断，在第四功率变换模块20发生故障时断路器S2会自动关断，在交流市电50或者储能变流模块40发生故障或者停电时断路器S3会自动关断，以保护储能系统。
在一些可行的实施方式中，如图4所示，如图3所示的第一供电模块60中可包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2以及第二功率变换模块600，第一二极管D1的正极作为第一供电模块60的第一输入端连接储能模块10和第四功率变换模块20的输入端，第二二极管D2的正极作为第一供电模块60的第二输入端连接直流母线30和第四功率变换模块20的输出端，第一二极管D1的负极和第二二极管D2的负极连接第二功率变换模块600的输入端，第二功率变换模块600的输出端作为第一供电模块60的输出端。本申请可以将第一供电模块中具有直流DC/直流DC变换功能(即整流功能)或者直流升压功能的一个或者多个功能模块统称为第二功率变换模块，如第二功率变换模块600可以为DC/DC变换模块。
在一些可行的实施方式中，该第四功率变换模块40可将储能模块10的输出直流电压转换为直流母线30所需的母线电压，换言之，第四功率变换模块40的输出直流电压与直流母线30的母线电压相同。在第四功率变换模块20发生故障或者无法正常工作的情况下，直流母线30的母线电压会小于储能模块10的输出直流电压，此时可以将储能模块10的输出直流电压理解为对电池管理系统90供电的直流备用电源。在直流母线30的母线电压小于储能模块10的输出直流电压时，第一二极管D1导通，第二二极管D2截止，从而通过第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2进行对顶选择，以向第二功率变换模块600输出储能模块10的输出直流电压。这时，第二功率变换模块600可将储能模块10的输出直流电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块80输出第一直流电压。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在第四功率变换模块20正常工作的情况下，直流母线30的母线电压会大于储能模块10的输出直流电压，这时可以将直流母线30的母线电压理解 为对电池管理系统90供电的直流备用电源，换言之，将第四功率变换模块20的输出直流电压理解为对电池管理系统90供电的直流备用电源。在直流母线30的母线电压大于储能模块10的输出直流电压时，第一二极管D1截止，第二二极管D2导通，从而通过第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2进行对顶选择，以向第二功率变换模块600输出直流母线30的母线电压。这时，第二功率变换模块600可将直流母线30的母线电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块80输出第一直流电压。
在一些可行的实施方式中，请参见图5，图5是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图。如图5所示，如图4所示的第一功率变换模块70中包括多个功率变换单元(如功率变换单元700a至功率变换单元700n)，且功率变换单元的数量大于储能系统1的供电功率所需求的目标数量，功率变换单元可以为AC/DC变换单元。其中，目标数量可以由储能系统1的负载所需的供电功率和单个功率变换单元的供电功率之间的比值确定，如目标数量可以为该比值上取整后得到的数值。可以理解，第一功率变换模块70中功率变换单元的数量比目标数量至少大1，换言之，第一功率变换模块70在目标数量的基础上多配置至少一个功率变换单元，以实现对第一功率变换模块70的冗余设计。第一功率变换模块70可在多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，基于目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压。本申请可以将第一功率变换模块中出现故障的功率变换单元统称为目标功率变换单元。
为方便描述，下面将以功率变换单元700a至功率变换单元700n为例进行说明。假设第一功率变换模块70在目标数量的基础上多配置一个功率变换单元(如功率变换单元700n)，在功率变换单元700a至功率变换单元700n中的目标功率变换单元(如功率变换单元700a)故障时，第一功率变换模块70可基于功率变换单元700b至功率变换单元700n将交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块80输出第二直流电压。由此可见，对第一功率变换模块进行冗余设计，可在目标功率变换单元发生故障时正常运行其它的功率变换单元对电池管理系统进行供电，从而提高了供电可靠性，适用性更强。
在一些可行的实施方式中，请参见图6，图6是本申请提供的储能系统的另一结构示意图。如图6所示，如图5所示的第二供电模块80中包括第三二极管D3、第四二极管D4以及第三功率变换模块800，第三二极管D3的正极作为第二供电模块80的第一输入端连接第一供电模块60的输出端，第三二极管D3的负极和第四二极管D4的负极连接第三功率变换模块800的输入端，第四二极管D4的正极作为第二供电模块80的第二输入端连接第一功率变换模块70的输出端，第三功率变换模块800的输出端作为第二供电模块80的输出端。本申请可以将第二供电模块中具有直流DC/直流DC变换功能(即整流功能)或者直流升压功能的一个或者多个功能模块统称为第三功率变换模块，如第三功率变换模块800可以为DC/DC变换模块，该第三功率变换模块800可包括至少一个DC/DC变换单元(即一个或者多个DC/DC变换单元)。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压掉电或者停电的情况下，第一功率变换模块70输出的第二直流电压会小于第一供电模块60输出的第一直流电压，这时可以将第一直流电压理解为对电池管理系统90供电的直流辅电 (即电池管理系统90可用的直流辅电)。在第二直流电压小于第一直流电压时，第三二极管D3导通，第四二极管D4截止，从而通过第三二极管D3和第四二极管D4进行对顶选择，以向第三功率变换模块800输出第一直流电压。这时，第三功率变换模块800可将第一直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统90进行供电。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压正常供电的情况下，第一功率变换模块70输出的第二直流电压会大于第一供电模块60输出的第一直流电压，这时可以将第二直流电压理解为对电池管理系统90供电的直流辅电(即电池管理系统90可用的直流辅电)。换言之，可将交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压作为对电池管理系统90供电的交流备用电源。在第二直流电压大于第一直流电压时，第三二极管D3截止，第四二极管D4导通，从而通过第三二极管D3和第四二极管D4进行对顶选择，以向第三功率变换模块800输出第二直流电压。这时，第三功率变换模块800可将第二直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在储能模块10、第四功率变换模块20、以及交流市电50或者储能变流模块40均正常工作的情况下，交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压作为交流备用电源对电池管理系统90供电的优先级、大于第四功率变换模块20的输出直流电压(即直流母线30的母线电压)作为直流备用电源对电池管理系统90供电的优先级；第四功率变换模块20的输出直流电压作为直流备用电源对电池管理系统90供电的优先级、大于储能模块10的输出直流电压作为直流备用电源对电池管理系统90供电的优先级。由此可见，通过多路备用电源对电池管理系统进行供电，可提高供电可靠性，同时也降低了储能系统的成本。可选的，在储能模块10、第四功率变换模块20、以及交流市电50或者储能变流模块40均无法对电池管理系统90进行供电的情况下，也可以在储能系统1中配置不间断电源，以对电池管理系统90进行供电。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电池管理系统90中包括集装箱监控单元(container monitoring unit，CMU)、电池控制单元(battery control unit，BCU)、以及多个电池管理单元(battery management unit，BMU)中的多种组合方式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不作限制。请一并参见图7，图7是本申请提供的储能系统的又一结构示意图。如图7所示，如图6所示的电池管理系统90可以为分布式电池管理系统，具有三层结构，根据结构等级的高低可分为集装箱监控单元901、电池控制单元902、以及多个电池管理单元(如电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m)。其中，该电池控制单元902可集成在第四功率变换模块20中，或者电池控制单元902也可以集成在第四功率变换模块20之外，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不作限制。电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m中的一个电池管理单元可连接储能模块10中的一个电池包，即一个电池包对应一个电池管理单元。如图7所示，为了满足集装箱监控单元901、电池控制单元902、以及电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m的不同功率需求，第三功率变换模块800中可包括3个DC/DC变换单元(如DC/DC变换单元8001至DC/DC变换单元8003)，这里的3个DC/DC变换单元可分别连接集装箱监控单元901、电池控制单元902、以及电池管理单元903a至电池管理 单元903m以对其进行供电。例如，DC/DC变换单元8001可基于装箱监控单元901的功率需求对装箱监控单元901进行供电；DC/DC变换单元8002可基于电池控制单元902的功率需求对电池控制单元902进行供电；DC/DC变换单元8003可基于电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m的功率需求，对电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m进行供电。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在通过DC/DC变换单元8001对集装箱监控单元901供电之后，集装箱监控单元901可实时采集储能系统1的系统参数或者与储能系统1的系统控制器进行数据传输(如接收储能系统1的系统控制器的不同调度指令)，以实时监控储能系统1的工作状态。这里的系统参数可包括储能系统1的温度和湿度、或者其它参数。在检测到储能系统1的工作状态异常之后，集装箱监控单元901可向储能系统1的系统控制器发送告警信息，以提示用户及时对储能系统1进行维护。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在储能系统10中包括多个电池簇的情况下，在通过DC/DC变换单元8002对电池控制单元902供电之后，电池控制单元902可检测各电池簇的电池簇参数，并基于各电池簇的电池簇参数控制各电池簇中的电池包充电或者放电，以均衡各电池簇的电流和电压。这里的电池簇参数可包括荷电状态值(state of charge，SOC)、健康状态值(state of health，SOH)、功率状态值(state of power，SOP)以及其它参数。在通过DC/DC变换单元8003对电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m进行供电之后，电池管理单元903a至电池管理单元903m中各电池管理单元可均衡各电池簇中各电池包的电池参数，这里的电池参数可以包括荷电状态值、健康状态值、功率状态值、最大工作电流以及其它参数。由此可见，在通过交流市电50或者储能变流模块40的输出交流电压、第四功率变换模块20的输出直流电压(即直流母线30的母线电压)、或者储能模块10的输出直流电压对电池管理系统90供电之后，电池管理系统90可实时监测储能模块10中电池的电压、电流以及电芯温度等信息，还可以监控储能系统1的工作状态以确保电池安全和储能系统1的使用寿命，从而可以使储能系统1更好的对负载进行供电，提高了储能系统1的供电效率，适用性更强。
参见图8，图8是本申请提供的电池管理系统的供电方法的流程示意图。该方法适用于储能系统(如上述图3至图7所提供的储能系统)，该储能系统包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统，第一供电模块的第一输入端连接储能模块，第一供电模块的第二输入端连接直流母线，第一供电模块的输出端连接第二供电模块的第一输入端，第二供电模块的第二输入端通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者储能变流模块，第二供电模块的输出端连接电池管理系统。如图8所示，该方法包括以下步骤S101至步骤S103：
步骤S101，通过第一供电模块选择储能模块的输出直流电压和直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于输入电压向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在储能模块的输出直流电压大于直流母线的母线电压时，可通过第一供电模块将储能模块的输出直流电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。反之，在储能模块的输出直流电压小于直流母线的母线电压时，可通过第一供电模块将直流母线的母线电压作为输入电压，将输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第一直流电压。
步骤S102，通过第一功率变换模块将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第二直流电压。
在一些可行的实施方式中，上述第一功率变换模块中包括多个功率变换单元，功率变换单元的数量大于储能系统的供电功率所需求的目标数量。在多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，可通过第一功率变换模块基于目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将交流市电或者储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向第二供电模块输出第二直流电压。
步骤S103，通过第二供电模块选择第一直流电压和第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于目标电压向电池管理系统进行供电。
在一些可行的实施方式中，在第一直流电压大于第二直流电压时，可通过第二供电模块将第一直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。反之，在第一直流电压小于第二直流电压时，可通过第二供电模块将第二直流电压作为目标电压，将目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于目标直流电压对电池管理系统进行供电。
具体实现中，本申请提供的电池管理系统的供电方法中的更多操作可参见图3至图7所示的储能系统及其工作原理中第一供电模块、第一功率变换模块以及第二供电模块所执行的实现方式，在此不再赘述。
在本申请中，可通过多路备用电源对电池管理系统进行供电，提高了对电池管理系统供电的可靠性；另外，从储能系统中取电对电池管理系统进行供电，降低了储能系统的成本，提高了储能系统的经济性，适用性更强。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种储能系统，其特征在于，所述储能系统包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统，所述第一供电模块的第一输入端连接所述储能模块，所述第一供电模块的第二输入端连接所述直流母线，所述第一供电模块的输出端连接所述第二供电模块的第一输入端，所述第二供电模块的第二输入端通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者所述储能变流模块，所述第二供电模块的输出端连接所述电池管理系统；
    所述第一供电模块用于选择所述储能模块的输出直流电压和所述直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于所述输入电压向所述第二供电模块输出第一直流电压；
    所述第一功率变换模块用于将所述交流市电或者所述储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向所述第二供电模块输出所述第二直流电压；
    所述第二供电模块用于选择所述第一直流电压和所述第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于所述目标电压向所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第一供电模块包括第一二极管、第二二极管以及第二功率变换模块，所述第一二极管的正极作为所述第一供电模块的第一输入端连接所述储能模块，所述第二二极管的正极作为所述第一供电模块的第二输入端连接所述直流母线，所述第一二极管的负极和所述第二二极管的负极连接所述第二功率变换模块的输入端，所述第二功率变换模块的输出端作为所述第一供电模块的输出端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第二功率变换模块用于在所述储能模块的输出直流电压大于所述直流母线的母线电压时，将所述储能模块的输出直流电压作为输入电压，并将所述输入电压转换为所述第一直流电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第二功率变换模块用于在所述储能模块的输出直流电压小于所述直流母线的母线电压时，将所述直流母线的母线电压作为输入电压，并将所述输入电压转换为所述第一直流电压。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第二供电模块包括第三二极管、第四二极管以及第三功率变换模块，所述第三二极管的正极作为所述第二供电模块的第一输入端连接所述第一供电模块的输出端，所述第三二极管的负极和所述第四二极管的负极连接所述第三功率变换模块的输入端，所述第四二极管的正极作为所述第二供电模块的第二输入端连接所述第一功率变换模块，所述第三功率变换模块的输出端作为所述第二供电模块的输出端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第三功率变换模块用于在所述第一直流电压大于所述第二直流电压时，将所述第一直流电压作为目标电压，将所述目标 电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于所述目标直流电压对所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第三功率变换模块用于在所述第一直流电压小于所述第二直流电压时，将所述第二直流电压作为目标电压，将所述目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于所述目标直流电压对所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述第一功率变换模块包括多个功率变换单元，所述功率变换单元的数量大于所述储能系统的供电功率所需求的目标数量；
    所述第一功率变换模块，用于在所述多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，基于所述目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将所述交流市电或者所述储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为所述第二直流电压。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统包括集装箱监控单元；
    所述集装箱监控单元用于采集所述储能系统的系统参数或者与所述储能系统的系统控制器进行数据传输，以监控所述储能系统的工作状态；
    其中，所述系统参数包括所述储能系统的温度和湿度。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统还包括电池控制单元，所述储能模块包括至少一个电池簇；
    所述电池控制单元用于检测各电池簇的电池簇参数，并基于所述各电池簇的电池簇参数控制所述各电池簇中的电池包充电或者放电，以均衡所述各电池簇的电流和电压；
    其中，所述电池簇参数包括荷电状态值、健康状态值以及功率状态值。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统还包括多个电池管理单元，所述储能模块包括至少一个电池簇，一个所述电池簇中包括多个电池包，一个所述电池包对应一个所述电池管理单元；
    所述多个电池管理单元中各电池管理单元用于均衡各电池簇中各电池包的电池参数。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述储能系统还包括第四功率变换模块，所述储能模块通过所述第四功率变换模块连接所述直流母线；
    所述第四功率变换模块用于将所述储能模块的输出直流电压转换为所述直流母线所需的母线电压。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的储能系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统中的电池控制单元集成在所述第四功率变换模块中。
  14. 一种电池管理系统的供电方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于储能系统，所述储能系统包括储能模块、直流母线、储能变流模块、第一供电模块、第二供电模块以及电池管理系统，所述第一供电模块的第一输入端连接所述储能模块，所述第一供电模块的第二输入端连接所述直流母线，所述第一供电模块的输出端连接所述第二供电模块的第一输入端，所述第二供电模块的第二输入端通过第一功率变换模块连接交流市电或者所述储能变流模块，所述第二供电模块的输出端连接所述电池管理系统；
    所述方法包括：
    通过所述第一供电模块选择所述储能模块的输出直流电压和所述直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于所述输入电压向所述第二供电模块输出第一直流电压；
    通过所述第一功率变换模块将所述交流市电或者所述储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，并向所述第二供电模块输出所述第二直流电压；
    通过所述第二供电模块选择所述第一直流电压和所述第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于所述目标电压向所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述第一供电模块选择所述储能模块的输出直流电压和所述直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于所述输入电压向所述第二供电模块输出第一直流电压，包括：
    在所述储能模块的输出直流电压大于所述直流母线的母线电压时，通过所述第一供电模块将所述储能模块的输出直流电压作为输入电压，将所述输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向所述第二供电模块输出所述第一直流电压。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述第一供电模块选择所述储能模块的输出直流电压和所述直流母线的母线电压中的较大电压作为输入电压，并基于所述输入电压向所述第二供电模块输出第一直流电压，包括：
    在所述储能模块的输出直流电压小于所述直流母线的母线电压时，通过所述第一供电模块将所述直流母线的母线电压作为输入电压，将所述输入电压转换为第一直流电压，并向所述第二供电模块输出所述第一直流电压。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述第二供电模块选择所述第一直流电压和所述第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于所述目标电压向所述电池管理系统进行供电，包括：
    在所述第一直流电压大于所述第二直流电压时，通过所述第二供电模块将所述第一直流电压作为目标电压，将所述目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于所述目标直流电压对所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  18. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述第二供电模块选择所述第一直流电压和所述第二直流电压中的较大电压作为目标电压，并基于所述目标电压向所述电池管理系统进行供电，包括：
    在所述第一直流电压小于所述第二直流电压时，通过所述第二供电模块将所述第二直流电压作为目标电压，将所述目标电压转换为目标直流电压，并基于所述目标直流电压对所述电池管理系统进行供电。
  19. 根据权利要求14-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一功率变换模块包括多个功率变换单元，所述功率变换单元的数量大于所述储能系统的供电功率所需求的目标数量；
    所述通过所述第一功率变换模块将所述交流市电或者所述储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压，包括：
    在所述多个功率变换单元中的目标功率变换单元故障时，通过所述第一功率变换模块基于所述目标功率变换单元之外的各功率变换单元将所述交流市电或者所述储能变流模块的输出交流电压转换为第二直流电压。
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CN117096922B (zh) * 2023-10-20 2024-02-20 珠海中力新能源科技有限公司 一种分布式储能变流器及储能系统

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