WO2022191498A1 - 연료전지 막가습기 - Google Patents
연료전지 막가습기 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022191498A1 WO2022191498A1 PCT/KR2022/002975 KR2022002975W WO2022191498A1 WO 2022191498 A1 WO2022191498 A1 WO 2022191498A1 KR 2022002975 W KR2022002975 W KR 2022002975W WO 2022191498 A1 WO2022191498 A1 WO 2022191498A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- fuel cell
- hollow fiber
- cell stack
- module
- Prior art date
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 65
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 161
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004954 Polyphthalamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006375 polyphtalamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04149—Humidifying by diffusion, e.g. making use of membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/08—Flow guidance means within the module or the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/10—Specific supply elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/21—Specific headers, end caps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell membrane humidifier, and more particularly, to a fuel cell membrane humidifier capable of improving humidification efficiency by selectively supplying exhaust gas discharged from a fuel cell stack to each part of a hollow fiber membrane module.
- a fuel cell is a power generation type cell that produces electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike general chemical cells such as dry cells and storage batteries, fuel cells can continuously produce electricity as long as hydrogen and oxygen are supplied, and there is no heat loss, so the efficiency is about twice that of an internal combustion engine.
- the fuel cell has the advantage of being environmentally friendly and reducing concerns about resource depletion due to increased energy consumption.
- PEMFC Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
- PAFC Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell
- MCFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
- SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- AFC Alkaline Fuel Cell
- PEMFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
- PEMFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell
- MEA membrane-electrode assembly
- a bubbler humidification method in which water is supplied by passing a target gas through a diffuser after filling a pressure-resistant container with water, 2) the amount of supplied water required for fuel cell reaction
- a direct injection method in which moisture is calculated and directly supplying moisture to a gas flow pipe through a solenoid valve
- 3) a humidification membrane method in which moisture is supplied to a fluidized bed of gas using a polymer membrane.
- the membrane humidification method of humidifying the polymer electrolyte membrane by providing water vapor to the air supplied to the polymer electrolyte membrane using a membrane that selectively transmits only water vapor contained in the flue gas is advantageous in that the humidifier can be reduced in weight and size.
- the selective permeable membrane used in the membrane humidification method is preferably a hollow fiber membrane having a large permeation area per unit volume when forming a module. That is, when a humidifier is manufactured using a hollow fiber membrane, the high integration of the hollow fiber membrane with a large contact surface area is possible, so that the fuel cell can be sufficiently humidified even with a small capacity, low-cost materials can be used, and the fuel cell discharges at high temperature. It has the advantage that it can be reused through a humidifier by recovering moisture and heat contained in the off-gas.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to the prior art.
- the fuel cell membrane humidifier 10 of the prior art moisture exchange is performed between the dry gas supplied from the blower (B) and the wet air (exhaust gas) discharged from the fuel cell stack (S). It includes caps (12: 12a, 12b) coupled to both ends of the humidification module 11 and the humidification module 11 that takes place.
- a drying gas inlet 13 is formed in one of the caps 12 (12a) to supply the dry gas supplied from the blower (B) to the humidification module 11, and the other (12b) has a dry gas outlet (14). is formed and supplies the air humidified by the humidification module 11 to the fuel cell stack (S).
- the humidification module 11 is a mid-case having an off-gas inlet 11aa and an off-gas outlet 11ab and a mid-case 11a and a mid-case 11a). It includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (11b) in the. Both ends of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes 11b are fixed to the potting part 11c.
- the potting part 11c is generally formed by curing a liquid polymer such as a liquid polyurethane resin through a casting method.
- Dry gas supplied from the blower (B) flows along the hollow of the hollow fiber membranes (11b).
- the exhaust gas introduced into the mid-case 11a through the exhaust gas inlet 11aa comes into contact with the outer surface of the hollow fiber membranes 11b and then is discharged from the mid-case 11a through the exhaust gas outlet 11ab.
- moisture contained in the exhaust gas penetrates the hollow fiber membranes 11b, thereby humidifying the dry gas flowing along the hollow of the hollow fiber membranes 11b.
- the dry gas flowing into the humidification module 11 from the blower B is arranged in the central part (refer to H1 in FIG. 2) of the hollow fiber membranes 11b.
- the exhaust gas flowing mainly along the inside of the hollow fiber membranes and flowing into the mid-case 11a from the fuel cell stack S through the exhaust gas inlet 11aa is located at the periphery of the hollow fiber membranes 11b (see H2 in FIG. 2). It mainly flows along the outside of the arranged hollow fiber membranes, the contact between the dry gas and the exhaust gas is reduced, there is a problem that the humidification efficiency is lowered.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell membrane humidifier capable of improving humidification efficiency by selectively supplying exhaust gas discharged from a fuel cell stack to each part of a hollow fiber membrane module.
- a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hollow fiber membrane module accommodating therein a plurality of hollow fiber membranes for humidifying the dry gas by exchanging moisture with the dry gas supplied from the blower and the exhaust gas introduced from the fuel cell stack; a humidification module having a first exhaust gas inlet for introducing the exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack and a first exhaust gas outlet for discharging the water-exchanged exhaust gas, and accommodating the hollow fiber membrane module therein; a sub-module dividing the hollow fiber membrane module into a central portion and a peripheral portion, the sub-module having a second exhaust gas inlet for introducing the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack and a second exhaust gas outlet for discharging the water-exchanged exhaust gas; and an active flow controller formed between the fuel cell stack and the humidification module and automatically controlling the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack to be supplied to at least one selected from the first and second exhaust gas inlets; include
- the active flow control unit may be formed of a bimetal formed in the shape of one rod by superimposing two or more metal plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion.
- the active flow controller may supply the exhaust gas to at least one selected from the first and second exhaust gas inlets according to the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack. can be controlled automatically.
- the active flow control unit automatically supplies the exhaust gas to at least one selected from the first and second exhaust gas inlets according to the output condition of the fuel cell stack. can be controlled
- the fuel cell membrane humidifier according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include a turbulence generator for changing the flow direction of the drying gas flowing in from the blower so that the drying gas is evenly distributed to the hollow fiber membranes.
- the fuel cell membrane humidifier may include caps fastened to both ends of the humidification module, and the turbulence generator may be formed on an inner wall of a dry gas inlet formed in the cap.
- the turbulence generator may include a plurality of protrusions protruding from the inner wall of the dry gas inlet, and the plurality of protrusions may be spaced apart in a zigzag shape.
- the turbulence generating unit comprises:
- It may further include a through hole formed through the drying gas in a direction parallel to the flow direction of the drying gas in the inlet.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack can be selectively supplied to each part of the hollow fiber membrane module, thereby improving the humidification efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to the prior art.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a problem of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to the prior art.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an active flow control unit of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating an operation state of the active flow controller of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 7 to 9 are cross-sectional views illustrating an operating state of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a turbulence generator, which is a component of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an operation state of the turbulence generator of FIG. 10 .
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of an application example of a turbulence generator.
- the fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a humidification module ( 110). Each of both ends of the humidification module 110 is coupled to the cap (120: 120a, 120b).
- the humidification module 110 and the cap 120 may be formed separately or may be formed integrally.
- a drying gas inlet 130 is formed in one of the caps 120 (120a) to supply the dry gas supplied from the blower (B) to the humidification module 110, and the other one (120b) has a dry gas outlet (140). is formed and supplies air humidified by the humidification module 110 to the fuel cell stack (S).
- the humidification module 110 is a device in which moisture exchange occurs between the dry gas supplied from the blower (B) and the exhaust gas, and a first off-gas inlet (111a) and a second off-gas outlet (off-gas outlet) ) (111b) having a mid-case (mid-case) 111 and the mid-case 111 is installed in the plurality of hollow fiber membranes (F) includes a hollow fiber membrane module 150 is accommodated. Both ends of the hollow fiber membranes F are fixed to a potting part (not shown).
- a plurality of exhaust gas inlet holes 151 are formed through the hollow fiber membrane module 150, and the plurality of hollow fiber membranes F included therein are directed to the central portion H1 and the peripheral portion H2 by the sub-module 160. separated and compartmentalized.
- the exhaust gas inlet hole 151 introduces the exhaust gas supplied into the humidification module 110 into the hollow fiber membrane module 150 .
- the hollow fiber membrane module 150 may be divided into a central portion H1 and a peripheral portion H2 by the sub-module 160 .
- the sub-module 160 may be formed in a hollow pipe shape.
- the sub-module 160 may be formed in a coaxial structure within the hollow fiber membrane module 150 .
- a second exhaust gas inlet 112a for introducing the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack S is formed, and on the other side, the exhaust gas supplied with moisture inside the hollow fiber membrane F is discharged.
- the second exhaust gas outlet (112b) is formed through.
- the second exhaust gas inlet 112a and the second exhaust gas outlet 112b are formed through the mid-case 111 and the hollow fiber membrane module 150 .
- the exhaust gas supplied to the first exhaust gas inlet 111a of the humidification module 110 flows into the hollow fiber membrane module 150 through the exhaust gas inlet hole 151 and is disposed in the peripheral portion H2 of the hollow fiber membrane module 150. Supplied only with hollow fiber membranes.
- the second exhaust gas inlet 112a supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack S to the inside of the sub-module 160, that is, to the central portion H1 of the hollow fiber membrane module 150, and the second exhaust gas outlet 112b. discharges the exhaust gas exchanging moisture with the dry gas in the hollow fiber membrane in the central part (H1) of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 to the outside.
- the exhaust gas supplied to the second exhaust gas inlet 112a is supplied only to the hollow fiber membrane disposed in the central portion H1 of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 .
- the mid-case 111 and the caps 120 may each independently be formed of a hard plastic or metal, and may have a circular or polygonal cross-section in the width direction.
- a circle includes an ellipse, and a polygon includes a polygon with rounded corners.
- the rigid plastic may be polycarbonate, polyamide (PA), polyphthalamide (PPA), polypropylene (PP), or the like.
- the hollow fiber membranes (F) include polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, sulfonated polysulfone resin, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) resin, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, It may include a polyester imide resin, or a polymer film formed of a mixture of at least two or more thereof, and the potting part may be formed by curing a liquid resin such as a liquid polyurethane resin through a casting method such as dip potting or centrifugal potting.
- moisture contained in the exhaust gas penetrates the hollow fiber membranes (F) to humidify the dry gas flowing along the hollows of the hollow fiber membranes (F).
- An active flow control unit 200 is formed between the fuel cell stack S and the humidification module 110 .
- the active flow controller 200 may supply the exhaust gas to at least one selected from the first and second exhaust gas inlets 111a and 112a according to the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack S.
- the active flow control unit 200 controls the flow direction of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack S and introduced into the humidification module 110 to increase the utilization area of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 and the fuel cell stack S. Allows the humidification amount to be actively adjusted according to the output condition of the This will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an active flow control unit of a fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating an operation state of the active flow control unit of FIG. 4 .
- the active flow control unit 200 is formed between the fuel cell stack S and the first and second exhaust gas inlets 111a and 112a.
- the fuel cell stack S and the active flow control unit 200 are connected to the discharge flow path L0, the active flow control unit 200 and the first exhaust gas inlet 111a are connected to the first flow path L1, and active flow
- the control unit 200 and the second exhaust gas inlet 112a are connected to the second flow path L2.
- the exhaust gas flowing through the discharge flow path L0 in the fuel cell stack S is controlled by the active flow control unit 200 formed at the end of the discharge flow path L0 to control the flow direction of the first flow path L1 and the second flow path ( L2) flows through at least a portion of the first and second exhaust gas inlets (111a, 112a).
- the active flow controller 200 controls the flow direction of the exhaust gas flowing into the first exhaust gas inlet 111a and the second exhaust gas inlet 112a according to the output state of the fuel cell stack.
- the active flow controller 200 actively controls the flow direction of the exhaust gas according to a temperature change of the exhaust gas according to the high or low output of the fuel cell stack.
- the active flow control unit 200 may be formed of a bimetal manufactured in the shape of one rod by stacking two or more metal plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion.
- the exhaust gas supplied from the fuel cell stack S to the humidification module 110 is relatively low temperature
- the exhaust gas supplied from the fuel cell stack S to the humidification module 110 has a relatively high temperature.
- the active flow control unit 200 automatically adjusts the opening degrees of the first flow path L1 and the second flow path L2 using a bimetal, so that the humidification amount in the humidification module 110 is small when the output is low, and the high output In this case, the amount of humidification in the humidification module 110 is increased.
- the humidification amount may be determined by the number N1 of the hollow fiber membranes F accommodated in the central portion H1 and the number N2 of the hollow fiber membranes F accommodated in the peripheral portion H2.
- the active flow control unit 200 may deform the bimetal so that the exhaust gas is supplied to the central portion H1 at high output, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the peripheral portion H2 at low output.
- the bimetal can be deformed. That is, the active flow control unit 200 may deform the bimetal so that the exhaust gas is supplied to the second exhaust gas inlet 112a as shown in FIG. 6 at the time of high output, and to the first exhaust gas inlet 111a as shown in FIG. 5 when the output is low.
- the bimetal can be deformed so that the flue gas is supplied.
- the metal plate 210 on the side of the first exhaust gas inlet 111a is a metal having a small coefficient of thermal expansion
- the metal plate 220 on the side of the second exhaust gas inlet 112a, The second flow path side metal plate) may be made of a metal having a high coefficient of thermal expansion.
- the active flow control unit 200 does not include a valve for controlling the flow direction of the exhaust gas or a sensor for sensing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the valve, according to the output state of the fuel cell stack.
- the flue gas flows evenly into the first flue gas inlet 111a and the second flue gas inlet 112a, or the first flue gas inlet 111a and the second flue gas inlet 112a flow a lot toward either side, or the first flue gas
- the flow rate may be adjusted by adjusting the inlet 111a and the second exhaust gas inlet 112a so as not to flow in either one.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack S by the flow control of the active flow controller 200 is supplied only to the peripheral portion H2 of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 as shown in FIG. 7 and flows, or a hollow as shown in FIG. It may be supplied and flowed only by being supplied to the central part (H1) of the desert module 150, or may be simultaneously supplied and flowed to the central part (H1) and the peripheral part (H2) of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 as shown in FIG. 9, and such an active flow control unit ( 200), the utilization area of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 can be changed and controlled, thereby improving the humidification efficiency of the membrane humidifier.
- the amount of humidification can be changed and adjusted according to the state of the fuel cell stack S by changing and adjusting the utilization area of the hollow fiber membrane module 150 by the operation of the active flow controller 200 .
- the humidification degree of the dry gas supplied to the stack is adjusted according to the state of the fuel cell stack, thereby making it possible to properly humidify the air according to the operating conditions of the stack.
- the dry gas flowing into the humidification module 11 from the blower B is the central part of the hollow fiber membranes 11b (in FIG. 2 ).
- H1 mainly flows along the inside of the hollow fiber membranes arranged in the. Therefore, even if the active flow control unit 200 adjusts the flow direction of the exhaust gas flowing into the first exhaust gas inlet 111a and the second exhaust gas inlet 112a according to the output state of the fuel cell stack S, the dry gas is evenly distributed. If it is not distributed properly, it is impossible to effectively control the humidification degree of the dry gas.
- the drying gas inlet 130 may further include a turbulence generating unit 131 for evenly distributing the drying gas to the hollow fiber membranes F.
- the turbulence generator 131 is formed on the inner wall of the drying gas inlet 130 to change the flow direction of the drying gas so that the drying gas is evenly distributed to the hollow fiber membranes F.
- the drying gas inlet 130 may be a part of the cap 120a connected to the blower B or a separate pipe connecting the blower B and the cap 120a.
- the turbulence generator 131 may be formed on the inner wall of the dry gas inlet 130 .
- the turbulence generator 131 may be formed of a plurality of protrusions protruding from the inner wall of the dry gas inlet 130 .
- the plurality of protrusions may be spaced apart in a zigzag shape.
- the shape of the protrusion is exemplified as a spherical shape, but is not particularly limited.
- a fixing groove (not shown) may be formed on the inner wall of the drying gas inlet 130 , and the turbulence generating unit 131 may be formed in a spherical or protrusion shape to be inserted and fixed in the fixing groove (not shown).
- FIG. 11 is a view showing the flow state of the dry gas by the turbulence generator 131 of FIG. 10 .
- the turbulence generating unit 131 may allow the drying gas to be evenly distributed to the hollow fiber membranes F, but at the same time, the pressure of the drying gas as the drying gas collides with the turbulence generating unit 131 . cause a loss Due to this, the flow rate of the drying gas may be lowered, and humidification efficiency may be lowered.
- a through hole 131a may be additionally formed in the turbulence generating unit 131 as shown in FIG. 12 .
- the through hole 131a is formed through at least a portion of the turbulence generating unit 131 .
- the through hole 131a may be formed in a direction parallel to the drying gas flow direction in the drying gas inlet 130 .
- a part of the dry gas flowing into the drying gas inlet 130 collides with the turbulence generator 131 to change the flow direction, but the remaining part moves straight through the through hole 131a.
- the dry gas whose flow direction is changed contributes to the formation of turbulence, and a part of the dry gas that moves straight through the through hole 131a flows as it is without pressure loss.
- the dry gas is mixed with turbulence (dry gas flow that has lost straightness) and direct current (dried gas flow that has maintained straightness), so that the dry gas is distributed relatively evenly across the hollow fiber membranes (F), and also the dry gas pressure loss can be reduced.
- H1 Central part
- H2 Peripheral part
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Air Humidification (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 블로워로부터 공급되는 건조가스와 연료전지 스택으로부터 유입된 배가스와 수분 교환하여 상기 건조가스를 가습하는 복수의 중공사막들을 내부에 수용하는 중공사막 모듈;상기 연료전지 스택으로부터 배가스를 유입하는 제1 배가스 유입구와 수분 교환된 배가스를 배출하는 제1 배가스 배출구를 구비하며, 상기 중공사막 모듈을 내부에 수용하는 가습 모듈;상기 중공사막 모듈을 중앙부와 주변부로 구획하며, 상기 연료전지 스택에서 배출된 배가스를 유입하기 위한 제2 배가스 유입구와 수분 교환된 배가스를 배출하는 제2 배가스 배출구를 구비하는 서브 모듈; 및,상기 연료전지 스택과 상기 가습 모듈 사이에는 형성되며, 상기 연료전지 스택에서 배출된 배가스를, 상기 제1 및 제2 배가스 유입구 중 선택된 적어도 어느 하나로 공급할 수 있도록 자동으로 제어하는 능동형 유동 제어부;를 포함하는 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 능동형 유동 제어부는,열팽창률이 상이한 2개 이상의 금속판을 포개어 하나의 막대 형상으로 제조된 바이메탈로 형성되는 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 능동형 유동 제어부는,상기 연료전지 스택에서 배출된 배가스의 온도에 따라, 상기 제1 및 제2 배가스 유입구 중 선택된 적어도 어느 하나로 배가스를 공급할 수 있도록 자동으로 제어하는 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 능동형 유동 제어부는,상기 연료전지 스택의 출력 상황에 따라, 상기 제1 및 제2 배가스 유입구 중 선택된 적어도 어느 하나로 배가스를 공급할 수 있도록 자동으로 제어하는 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 블로워로부터 유입되는 건조가스의 유동 방향을 변화시켜서 상기 건조가스가 상기 중공사막들에 균등하게 분배되도록 하는 난류 발생부를 더 포함하는 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 가습 모듈의 양단과 체결되는 캡을 포함하며,상기 난류 발생부는 상기 캡에 형성된 건조가스 유입구의 내벽에 형성되는, 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 6에 있어서, 상기 난류 발생부는,상기 건조가스 유입구의 내벽에서 돌출 형성된 복수개의 돌기를 포함하며,상기 복수개의 돌기는 지그재그 형상으로 이격 배치되는, 연료전지 막가습기.
- 청구항 6에 있어서, 상기 난류 발생부는,상기 건조가스 유입구 내에서의 건조가스 유동 방향과 평행한 방향으로 관통 형성된 관통홀을 더 포함하는 연료전지 막가습기.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202280014885.3A CN116897450A (zh) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | 用于燃料电池的膜加湿器 |
CA3207744A CA3207744A1 (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | Membrane humidifier for fuel cell |
JP2023546361A JP2024505549A (ja) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | 燃料電池膜加湿器 |
US18/262,423 US20240079613A1 (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | Membrane humidifier for fuel cell |
EP22767394.4A EP4270559A1 (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | Membrane humidifier for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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KR10-2021-0032468 | 2021-03-12 | ||
KR1020210032468A KR20220127989A (ko) | 2021-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | 연료전지 막가습기 |
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WO2022191498A1 true WO2022191498A1 (ko) | 2022-09-15 |
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PCT/KR2022/002975 WO2022191498A1 (ko) | 2021-03-12 | 2022-03-03 | 연료전지 막가습기 |
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US (1) | US20240079613A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP4270559A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2024505549A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR20220127989A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN116897450A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA3207744A1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2022191498A1 (ko) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2002298883A (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 加湿モジュール |
JP2006156203A (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用加湿装置 |
KR20140029803A (ko) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 막 가습 장치 |
KR20140086217A (ko) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템의 가습장치 |
JP2019046585A (ja) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 加湿装置及びそれを備えた燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101459455B1 (ko) | 2012-12-12 | 2014-11-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 연료전지의 가습 장치 및 방법 |
KR101655619B1 (ko) | 2014-12-17 | 2016-09-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 막 가습기 및 이를 이용한 공기흐름 시스템 |
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2021
- 2021-03-12 KR KR1020210032468A patent/KR20220127989A/ko unknown
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2022
- 2022-03-03 CN CN202280014885.3A patent/CN116897450A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-03 JP JP2023546361A patent/JP2024505549A/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-03 US US18/262,423 patent/US20240079613A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-03 CA CA3207744A patent/CA3207744A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-03 EP EP22767394.4A patent/EP4270559A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-03 WO PCT/KR2022/002975 patent/WO2022191498A1/ko active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002298883A (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 加湿モジュール |
JP2006156203A (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用加湿装置 |
KR20140029803A (ko) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 막 가습 장치 |
KR20140086217A (ko) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템의 가습장치 |
JP2019046585A (ja) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 加湿装置及びそれを備えた燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20240079613A1 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
JP2024505549A (ja) | 2024-02-06 |
CN116897450A (zh) | 2023-10-17 |
EP4270559A1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
CA3207744A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
KR20220127989A (ko) | 2022-09-20 |
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