WO2022191133A1 - ヒューズエレメント、ヒューズ素子及び保護素子 - Google Patents
ヒューズエレメント、ヒューズ素子及び保護素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022191133A1 WO2022191133A1 PCT/JP2022/009735 JP2022009735W WO2022191133A1 WO 2022191133 A1 WO2022191133 A1 WO 2022191133A1 JP 2022009735 W JP2022009735 W JP 2022009735W WO 2022191133 A1 WO2022191133 A1 WO 2022191133A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- point metal
- melting
- fuse element
- electrode
- metal plate
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
- H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/0039—Means for influencing the rupture process of the fusible element
- H01H85/0047—Heating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/046—Fuses formed as printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
- H01H85/10—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with constriction for localised fusing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuse element, and a fuse element and a protection element using this fuse element.
- a fuse element that interrupts the current path by heating and fusing the fuse element itself is known.
- a protective element using a heating element is known as a current interrupting element for interrupting a current path when an abnormality other than overcurrent occurs in a circuit board. This protective element is configured to cause the heating element to generate heat by passing current through the heating element in the event of an abnormality other than the occurrence of overcurrent, and use the heat to melt the fuse element.
- a fuse element used as a fuse element and a protection element a laminated fuse element having a low melting point metal plate and a high melting point metal layer laminated on the surface of the low melting point metal plate is known.
- the laminated fuse element a pair of first side edge portions which are formed thicker than the main surface portion and face each other are formed to have a thickness thinner than the first side edge portions and face each other.
- Patent Document 1 One having a pair of second side edges is known (Patent Document 1).
- the second side edge portion is arranged along the current flow direction. It is said that the first side edge portion can be fused quickly with less heat energy than when the first side edge portion is arranged along the direction of current flow.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to prevent the melting and deformation of the low-melting-point metal plate during reflow even if the width in the current-carrying direction is widened, and to prevent overcurrent.
- an object of the present invention is to prevent the melting and deformation of the low-melting-point metal plate during reflow even if the width in the current-carrying direction is widened, and to prevent overcurrent.
- the present invention proposes the following means.
- a fuse element includes a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other, and a first side surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface and facing each other. and a low melting point metal plate having a second side surface, a first high melting point metal layer laminated on the first main surface and the second main surface, and a second laminated on the first side surface and the second side surface and a refractory metal layer, and has a defective portion in which at least a part of the second refractory metal layer is defective.
- the second high melting point metal layer may be thicker than the first high melting point metal layer.
- the melting point of the material constituting the low-melting-point metal plate is in the range of 138° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower, and the first high-melting-point metal layer and The melting point of the material forming the second high-melting-point metal layer may be 100° C. or more higher than the melting point of the material forming the low-melting-point metal plate.
- the second high melting point metal layer has a thickness in the range of 4 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less
- the first high melting point metal layer has a thickness of may be in the range of 3 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- a fuse element according to an aspect of the present invention includes the fuse element according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the first side surface and the second side surface of the fuse element extend along the direction of current flow. arranged to extend in the direction
- a protection element has the fuse element according to any one of the above (1) to (4) and a heating element that heats the fuse element, and the fuse element includes the first The first side surface and the second side surface are arranged so as to extend in a direction along the energization direction.
- the low-melting-point metal plate is less likely to melt and deform during reflow, and the fuse element can be fused quickly in the event of an abnormality such as the occurrence of an overcurrent. Then, it becomes possible to provide a fuse element and a protective element using this fuse element.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuse element according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fuse element shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III--III in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fuse element according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a fuse element according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a protection element according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fuse element according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fuse element shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. is.
- the fuse element 10 of the present embodiment includes a low-melting-point metal plate 11, first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b laminated on the low-melting-point metal plate 11, and second high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b. It has layers 12c and 12d.
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d have defective portions 13 in which at least a portion thereof is defective.
- the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is a rectangular plate in plan view, and has four surfaces connecting the first main surface 11a and the second main surface 11b facing each other, and connecting the first main surface 11a and the second main surface 11b. have sides.
- the four side surfaces are a first side surface 11c and a second side surface 11d, and a third side surface 11e and a fourth side surface 11f, which face each other.
- the thickness of the low melting point metal plate 11 is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more.
- the film thickness of the low melting point metal plate 11 may be 60 ⁇ m or more, 100 ⁇ m or more, or 500 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the film thickness of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 can be arbitrarily selected, but may be, for example, 3000 ⁇ m or less. If necessary, the thickness may be 2000 ⁇ m or less or 1500 ⁇ m or less.
- First high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are laminated on the first main surface 11a and the second main surface 11b of the low-melting-point metal plate 11, respectively.
- Second high melting point metal layers 12c and 12d are laminated on the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d of the low melting point metal plate 11, respectively.
- the thickness Tc of the second high melting point metal layer 12c laminated on the first side surface 11c and the thickness Td of the second high melting point metal layer 12d laminated on the second side surface 11d are It is thicker than the thickness Ta of the first high melting point metal layer 12a and the thickness Tb of the first high melting point metal layer 12b laminated on the second main surface 11b (see FIG. 3).
- the thickness Tc of the second high-melting-point metal layer 12c and the thickness Td of the second high-melting-point metal layer 12d are preferably in the range of 4 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 4 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. preferable.
- the thickness Ta of the first high melting point metal layer 12a and the thickness Tb of the first high melting point metal layer 12b are preferably in the range of 3 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 3 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. preferable.
- the thicknesses Tc and Td of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are in the range of 110 to 150. is preferable, and it is more preferable to be in the range of 120 or more and 140 or less.
- the cutout portion 13 is provided in the second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d.
- the shape of the missing portion 13 is triangular in plan view (see FIG. 2), but the shape of the missing portion 13 is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the cutout portion 13 may be, for example, a semicircle or a quadrangle (square, rectangle, trapezoid) in plan view.
- the depth of the cutout portion 13 is set to the depth at which the low melting point metal plate 11 is exposed, but the depth of the cutout portion 13 is not particularly limited.
- the depth of the missing portion 13 may be, for example, a depth at which the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is not exposed, or may be a depth at which a portion of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is lost. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the number of cutouts 13 is two in each of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d, but the number of cutouts 13 is not particularly limited. The number of missing portions 13 may be, for example, one, or may be three or more. It is preferable that the ratio of the total area of the defective portion 13 to the area of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d is more than 0% and 50% or less.
- the melting point of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is equal to or lower than the heating temperature during reflow when manufacturing fuse elements and protective elements.
- the melting point TL of the material forming the low melting point metal plate 11 is preferably in the range of 138.degree. C. to 250.degree.
- the melting point TL may be in the range of 138° C. or higher and 218° C. or lower or in the range of 218° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower as necessary.
- the melting point of the material forming the low melting point metal plate 11 may be the liquidus temperature of the material.
- the material of the low melting point metal plate 11 is preferably tin or a tin alloy containing tin as a main component.
- the content of tin in the tin alloy is preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more.
- the tin content may be 70% by mass or more, or 80% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the tin content can be arbitrarily selected, but may be, for example, 99% by mass or less or 97% by mass or less.
- Examples of tin alloys include Sn--Bi alloys, In--Sn alloys, and Sn--Ag--Cu alloys.
- the high-melting-point metal layer 12 is a layer made of a metal material that is dissolved in the melt of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 .
- the material of the low melting point metal plate 11 is tin or a tin alloy
- the material of the high melting point metal layer 12 is at least one selected from the group consisting of zinc, antimony, aluminum, silver, gold, copper, nickel, cobalt and iron. It is preferably an alloy containing such metals or said metals as a main component.
- the content of the metal in the alloy is preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more.
- the content of the metal may be 70% by mass or more, or 80% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the metal can be arbitrarily selected, but may be, for example, 99% by mass or less or 97% by mass or less.
- Examples of such alloys include phosphor bronze, silver-palladium alloys, nickel-iron alloys and nickel-cobalt alloys.
- the material of the high-melting-point metal layer 12 is preferably copper, a copper alloy, silver, or a silver alloy from the viewpoint of increasing the electrical conductivity of the fuse element 10 during normal operation.
- the melting point TH of the material forming the high-melting-point metal layer 12 is preferably higher than the melting point TL of the material forming the low-melting-point metal plate 11 by 100°C or more. That is, the melting point of the high-melting-point metal layer 12 is preferably higher than that of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 by 100° C. or more.
- the difference between the melting point TH and the melting point TL (melting point TH ⁇ melting point TL) is more preferably 500° C. or higher, particularly preferably 800° C. or higher.
- a difference between the melting point TH and the melting point TL may be 1500° C. or less.
- the melting point TH is preferably in the range of 400° C. or higher and 1700° C. or lower.
- the melting point TH may be in the range of 400° C. or higher and 600° C. or lower, 600° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower, or 1000° C. or higher and 1600° C. or lower as
- the fuse element 10 of this embodiment can be manufactured, for example, by coating the surface of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 with a high-melting-point metal forming the high-melting-point metal layer 12 .
- Electroplating can be used as a method for coating the low-melting-point metal plate 11 with the high-melting-point metal. By using the electroplating method, it is possible to continuously obtain a coated low-melting-point metal plate coated with a high-melting-point metal by continuously transporting a long low-melting-point metal plate in the longitudinal direction to a plating bath. can.
- the electric field strength is relatively increased at the edge portion of the low-melting-point metal plate, that is, the side portion in the width direction of the long low-melting-point metal plate.
- a metal layer 12 is thickly plated.
- a long covered low-melting-point metal plate is obtained in which the high-melting-point metal layer on the side surface portion is thicker than the high-melting-point metal layer on the main surface portion.
- the fuse element 10 of the present embodiment is obtained by cutting the obtained elongated covered low-melting-point metal plate into a predetermined length, and forming the missing portion 13 in the side surface portion of the obtained covered low-melting-point metal plate piece. is generated. The cutting of the coated low-melting-point metal plate and the formation of the missing portion 13 may be performed at the same time, or the cutting of the coated low-melting-point metal plate may be performed after forming the missing portion 13 .
- the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are laminated on the first main surface 11a and the second main surface 11b of the low-melting-point metal plate 11, respectively.
- second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d are laminated on the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d, respectively. Therefore, by arranging the fuse element 10 so that the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d extend in the direction along the direction of current flow, the low-melting-point metal plate 11 will not melt during reflow even if the width in the direction of current flow is increased. It becomes difficult for the material to be deformed as a result of the reflow, and the shape after reflow is stabilized.
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d have a defect portion 13. As shown in FIG. Thus, in the event of an abnormality such as the occurrence of an overcurrent, since the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are preliminarily divided by the defect portion 13, it is possible to prevent a delay in fusing time due to undissolved portions thereof.
- the fuse element 10 of the present embodiment when the thicknesses Tc and Td of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are thicker than the thicknesses Ta and Tb of the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b, the fuse element 10 Since the strength is further improved, the shape after reflow is more stable.
- the melting point of the material forming the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is in the range of 138° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower, the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is Melts are more likely to form, so the speed of fusing in the event of an abnormality becomes faster. Further, when the melting point of the material forming the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a, 12b and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c, 12d is 100° C.
- first high-melting-point metal layers 12a, 12b and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c, 12d are sometimes difficult to melt, the shape after reflow is further stabilized.
- the thicknesses Tc and Td of the second high melting point metal layers 12c and 12d are in the range of 4 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m
- the thicknesses Ta and Tb of the first high melting point metal layers 12a and 12b are in the range of 4 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m. is in the range of 3 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, the stability of the shape after reflow and the speed of fusing in the event of an abnormality are improved in a well-balanced manner.
- the high melting point metal layer is not laminated on the third side face 11e and the fourth side face 11f of the low melting point metal plate 11, but the third side face 11e and the fourth side face of the low melting point metal plate 11
- a refractory metal layer may be laminated on 11f.
- the thickness of the refractory metal layer laminated on the third side surface 11e and the fourth side surface 11f is not particularly limited, and may be thicker than the thicknesses Tc and Td of the second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d. , can be thin.
- the surface of the fuse element 10 of the present embodiment may be coated with flux.
- the application of flux prevents oxidation of the fuse element 10 . Therefore, when the fuse element 10 is connected to the electrode or terminal of the fuse element or protection element using a bonding material such as solder, the wettability of the fuse element 10 to the bonding material is improved.
- by applying flux adhesion of molten metal generated by arc discharge can be suppressed, and the insulation of the fuse element 10 after melting can be improved.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fuse element according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.
- the fuse element 20 of this embodiment includes an insulating substrate 21, and a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 23 arranged at a pair of opposite ends of the insulating substrate 21. , a fuse element 10 electrically connecting a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 23 .
- a current flows between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 of the fuse element 20 via the fuse element 10 .
- the fuse element 10 is arranged such that the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 extend in the direction along which the current of the fuse element 20 flows (the current flow direction). That is, the second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d of the fuse element 10 are arranged so that one end is connected to the first electrode 22 and the other end is connected to the second electrode 23. .
- the insulating substrate 21 is not particularly limited as long as it has electrical insulation, and known insulating substrates used as circuit substrates, such as resin substrates, ceramic substrates, and composite substrates of resin and ceramics, can be used.
- resin substrates include epoxy resin substrates, phenol resin substrates, and polyimide substrates.
- ceramic substrates include alumina substrates, glass ceramic substrates, mullite substrates, and zirconia substrates.
- a glass epoxy substrate can be mentioned as an example of the composite substrate.
- the first electrode 22 has an upper surface electrode 22a formed on the upper surface 21a of the insulating substrate 21, a lower surface electrode 22b formed on the lower surface 21b of the insulating substrate 21, and a castellation 22c connecting the upper surface electrode 22a and the lower surface electrode 22b. .
- the connection between the upper surface electrode 22a and the lower surface electrode 22b is not limited to the castellation, and may be made by a through hole.
- the second electrode 23 similarly has an upper surface electrode 23a, a lower surface electrode 23b, and a castellation 23c.
- the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 are each formed of a conductive pattern such as silver wiring or copper wiring.
- the surfaces of the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 may be covered with an electrode protective layer for suppressing deterioration of electrode characteristics due to oxidation or the like.
- an electrode protective layer for suppressing deterioration of electrode characteristics due to oxidation or the like.
- a material of the electrode protection layer for example, a Sn plating film, a Ni/Au plating film, a Ni/Pd plating film, a Ni/Pd/Au plating film, or the like can be used.
- the fuse element 10 is electrically connected to the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 via a bonding material 24 such as solder.
- An insulating dam 25 is provided along the bonding material 24 on the upper surface electrode 22 a of the first electrode 22 and the upper surface electrode 23 a of the second electrode 23 .
- the insulating dam 25 prevents the bonding material 24 from melting and flowing out.
- the insulating dam 25 can prevent a joining material such as solder used when mounting the fuse element 20 on a circuit board from flowing into the fuse element.
- the fuse element 20 may be attached with a cover member. By attaching the cover member, it is possible to protect the inside of the fuse element 20 and prevent the scattering of melted material generated when the fuse element 10 is blown.
- Various engineering plastics and ceramics can be used as the material of the cover member.
- the fuse element 20 is mounted on the current path of the circuit board via the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 .
- the low melting point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10 provided in the fuse element 20 does not melt while a current below the rating is flowing on the current path of the circuit board.
- the low melting point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10 heats up and melts.
- the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are melted by the molten material thus generated, and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are divided starting from the missing portions 13 of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d.
- the fuse element 10 is fused.
- the wire between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 is broken, and the current path of the circuit board is cut off.
- the fuse element 20 of the present embodiment configured as described above uses the fuse element 10 described above as the fuse element, and is laminated on the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d of the low melting point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10.
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are arranged to extend in the direction along which the current of the fuse element 20 flows (current-carrying direction).
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d support the low-melting-point metal plate 11 during reflow when manufacturing the fuse element 20, so that the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is less likely to be melted and deformed.
- the shape of the fuse element 10 after reflow is stabilized.
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are preliminarily separated by the cutout portion 13, it is possible to prevent delay of the fusing time due to undissolved portions thereof.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a fuse element according to a third embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG.
- the fuse element 30 of this embodiment includes a lower case 31, an upper case 32, a first terminal 33, a second terminal 34, and a first terminal 33 and a second terminal 34. and a fuse element 10a for electrically connecting the In the fuse element 30, current flows between the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 via the fuse element 10a.
- the fuse element 10a has a low-melting-point metal plate 11, and first high-melting-point metal layers 12a, 12b and second high-melting-point metal layers 12c, 12d laminated on the low-melting-point metal plate 11.
- the fuse element 10a As for the fuse element 10a, the same members as those of the fuse element 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the fuse element 10a is arranged such that the first side surface 11c and the second side surface 11d of the low-melting-point metal plate 11 extend in the direction along which the current of the fuse element 20 flows (the conducting direction).
- a second high-melting-point metal layer 12c is laminated on the first side surface 11c of the low-melting-point metal plate 11, and a second high-melting-point metal layer 12d is laminated on the first side surface 11d of the low-melting-point metal plate 11.
- the second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d of the fuse element 10a are arranged so that one end is connected to the first terminal 33 and the other end is connected to the second terminal 34. .
- the material of the lower case 31 and the upper case 32 is not particularly limited as long as it has electrical insulation, and resins, ceramics, composites of resin and ceramics, and the like can be used.
- the resin preferably has a high glass transition temperature.
- As the resin having a high glass transition temperature it is preferable to use a nylon-based resin because of its high tracking resistance.
- nylon-based resins it is particularly preferable to use nylon 46, nylon 6T, and nylon 9T.
- the first terminal 33 has an external terminal hole 33a.
- the second terminal 34 has an external terminal hole 34a.
- materials for the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 for example, copper, brass, nickel, or the like can be used.
- a material for the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 it is preferable to use brass from the viewpoint of strengthening rigidity, and it is preferable to use copper from the viewpoint of reducing electrical resistance.
- the materials of the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 may be the same or different.
- the fuse element 10a is provided with one defective portion 13a in each of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d. Further, the shape of the missing portion 13a is trapezoidal.
- the fuse element 30 is mounted on the current path of the circuit board via the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 .
- the low melting point metal plate of the fuse element 10a provided in the fuse element 30 does not melt while a current below the rating is flowing on the current path of the circuit board.
- the low melting point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10a heats up and melts.
- the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are melted by the molten material thus generated, and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are divided starting from the missing portions 13a of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d.
- the fuse element 10a is fused.
- the first terminal 33 and the second terminal 34 are disconnected, and the current path of the circuit board is interrupted.
- the fuse element 30 of the present embodiment uses the above-described fuse element 10a as the fuse element, and the second refractory metal layers 12c and 12d of the fuse element 10a allow the current of the fuse element 30 to flow. It is arranged so as to extend in a direction along the direction of flow (direction of current flow).
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d support the low-melting-point metal plate 11 during reflow when manufacturing the fuse element 30, so that the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is less likely to be melted and deformed.
- the shape of the fuse element 10a after reflow is stabilized.
- the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are preliminarily divided by the cutout portion 13a, so that the fusing time can be prevented from being delayed due to undissolved portions thereof.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a protective element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 8
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. It is a diagram.
- the protection element 40 of this embodiment includes an insulating substrate 21, and a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 23 arranged at a pair of opposite ends of the insulating substrate 21. , a fuse element 10 electrically connecting a first electrode 22 and a second electrode 23 .
- the insulating substrate 21, the first electrode 22, the second electrode 23, and the fuse element 10 are the same as the fuse element 20 described above, so they are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the protection element 40 further includes a third electrode 41 , a heating element 42 connected to the third electrode 41 , an insulating member 43 covering the heating element 42 , and a fourth electrode 44 .
- the fourth electrode 44 has one end connected to the heating element 42 and is connected to the first refractory metal layer 12b laminated on the second main surface 11b of the fuse element 10 via the bonding material 45 .
- the third electrode 41 includes an upper surface electrode 41a formed on the upper surface 21a of the insulating substrate 21, a lower surface electrode 41b formed on the lower surface 21b of the insulating substrate 21, and a castellation 41c connecting the upper surface electrode 41a and the lower surface electrode 41b. have.
- the connection between the upper surface electrode 41a and the lower surface electrode 41b is not limited to the castellation, and may be made by a through hole.
- the third electrode 41 is formed of a conductive pattern such as silver wiring or copper wiring.
- the surface of the third electrode 41 may be covered with an electrode protective layer for suppressing deterioration of electrode characteristics due to oxidation or the like.
- As a material of the electrode protection layer for example, a Sn plating film, a Ni/Au plating film, a Ni/Pd plating film, a Ni/Pd/Au plating film, or the like can be used.
- the heating element 42 has a relatively high resistance and is made of a high-resistance conductive material that generates heat when energized.
- a high-resistance conductive material for example, nichrome, W, Mo, Ru, etc., or an alloy, composition, or compound powder containing these can be used.
- a paste made by mixing a high-resistance conductive material and a resin binder is prepared. It can be formed by a method such as baking.
- glass can be used as the material of the insulating member 43 .
- the fourth electrode 44 is arranged to face the heating element 42 with the insulating member 43 interposed therebetween.
- Solder for example, is used as the bonding material 45 .
- the heating element 42 overlaps the fuse element 10 via the insulating member 43 , the fourth electrode 44 and the bonding material 45 . With such a superimposed structure, the heat generated by the heating element 42 can be efficiently transferred to the fuse element 10 within a narrow range.
- a cover member may be attached to the protective element 40 .
- By attaching the cover member it is possible to protect the inside of the protective element 40 and prevent the scattering of melted matter generated when the fuse element 10 is fused.
- Various engineering plastics and ceramics can be used as the material of the cover member.
- the protection element 40 is mounted on the current path of the circuit board via the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 .
- the low-melting-point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10 provided in the protective element 40 does not melt while a current below the rating is flowing on the current path of the circuit board.
- the low melting point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10 heats up and melts.
- the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are melted by the molten material thus generated, and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are divided starting from the missing portions 13 of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d.
- the fuse element 10 is blown. By blowing the fuse element 10, the wire between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 is broken, and the current path of the circuit board is cut off.
- the protection element 40 energizes the heating element 42 via the third electrode 41 by the current control element provided on the circuit board. This energization causes the heating element 42 to generate heat. Then, the heat is transferred to the fuse element 10 via the insulating member 43 , the fourth electrode 44 and the bonding material 45 . This heat melts the low-melting-point metal plate 11 of the fuse element 10 to produce a molten material.
- the first high-melting-point metal layers 12a and 12b are melted by the molten material thus generated, and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are divided starting from the missing portions 13 of the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d. , the fuse element 10 is blown. By blowing the fuse element 10, the wire between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23 is broken, and the current path of the circuit board is cut off.
- the protection element 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention configured as described above uses the above-described fuse element 10 as a fuse element, and the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d of the fuse element 10 are fused. It is arranged so as to extend in a direction along the direction in which the current of the element 20 flows (current conducting direction). As a result, the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d support the low-melting-point metal plate 11 during reflow when manufacturing the protective element 40, so that the low-melting-point metal plate 11 is less likely to be melted and deformed. , the shape of the fuse element 10 after reflow is stabilized. In addition, since the second high-melting-point metal layers 12c and 12d are preliminarily divided by the defect 13 in the event of an abnormality such as an overcurrent, it is possible to prevent a delay in fusing time due to undissolved portions.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年3月9日に、日本に出願された特願2021-037365号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(3)上記(1)または(2)に記載の態様において、前記低融点金属板を構成する材料の融点は、138℃以上250℃以下の範囲内にあり、前記第1高融点金属層及び第2高融点金属層を構成する材料の融点は、前記低融点金属板を構成する材料の融点に対して100℃以上高い構成とされていてもよい。
(4)上記(1)~(3)に記載の態様において、前記第2高融点金属層は、厚さが4μm以上40μm以下の範囲内にあり、前記第1高融点金属層は、厚さが3μm以上30μm以下の範囲内にある構成とされていてもよい。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係るヒューズエレメントの斜視図であり、図2は、図1に示すヒューズエレメントの平面図であり、図3は、図1のIII-III線断面図である。
図4は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るヒューズ素子の斜視図であり、図5は、図4のV-V線断面図である。
図6は、本発明の第3実施形態に係るヒューズ素子の分解斜視図であり、図7は、図6のVII-VII線断面図である。
ヒューズエレメント10aはヒューズエレメント10と同様に、低融点金属板11と、低融点金属板11に積層された第1高融点金属層12a、12b及び第2高融点金属層12c、12dとを有する。ヒューズエレメント10aについて、ヒューズエレメント10と同じ部材については同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
ヒューズエレメント10aは、低融点金属板11の第1側面11c及び第2側面11dが、ヒューズ素子20の電流が流れる方向(通電方向)に沿う方向に延びるように配置されている。そして、低融点金属板11の第1側面11cに第2高融点金属層12cが積層され、低融点金属板11の第1側面11dに第2高融点金属層12dが積層されている。すなわち、ヒューズエレメント10aの第2高融点金属層12c、12dは、一方の端部が第1の端子33と接続し、他方の端部が第2の端子34と接続するように配置されている。
図8は、本発明の第4実施形態に係る保護素子の分解斜視図であり、図9は、図8のIX-IX線断面図であり、図10は、図8のX-X線断面図である。本実施形態の保護素子40は、図8~図10に示すように、絶縁基板21と、絶縁基板21の対向する一対の端部に配置された第1の電極22及び第2の電極23と、第1の電極22と第2の電極23とを電気的に接続するヒューズエレメント10を備える。絶縁基板21、第1の電極22、第2の電極23及びヒューズエレメント10は、前述のヒューズ素子20と同じであるので、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
11 低融点金属板
11a 第1主面
11b 第2主面
11c 第1側面
11d 第2側面
11e 第3側面
11f 第4側面
12a、12b 第1高融点金属層
12c、12d 第2高融点金属層
13、13a 欠損部
21 絶縁基板
22 第1の電極
22a 上面電極
22b 下面電極
22c キャスタレーション
23 第2の電極
23a 上面電極
23b 下面電極
23c キャスタレーション
24 接合材料
25 絶縁ダム
30 ヒューズ素子
31 下ケース
32 上ケース
33 第1の端子
33a 外部端子孔
34 第2の端子
34a 外部端子孔
40 保護素子
41 第3の電極
41a 上面電極
41b 下面電極
41c キャスタレーション
42 発熱体
43 絶縁部材
44 第4の電極
45 接合材料
Claims (6)
- 互いに対向する第1主面と第2主面、及び前記第1主面と前記第2主面とを接続し、互いに対向する第1側面と第2側面を有する低融点金属板と、
前記第1主面及び前記第2主面に積層された第1高融点金属層と、前記第1側面及び前記第2側面に積層された第2高融点金属層と、を有し、
前記第2高融点金属層は、少なくとも一部が欠損した欠損部を有する、ヒューズエレメント。 - 前記第2高融点金属層は、前記第1高融点金属層よりも厚さが厚い、請求項1に記載のヒューズエレメント。
- 前記低融点金属板を構成する材料の融点は、138℃以上250℃以下の範囲内にあり、
前記第1高融点金属層及び第2高融点金属層を構成する材料の融点は、前記低融点金属板を構成する材料の融点に対して100℃以上高い、請求項1に記載のヒューズエレメント。 - 前記第2高融点金属層は、厚さが4μm以上40μm以下の範囲内にあり、前記第1高融点金属層は、厚さが3μm以上30μm以下の範囲内にある、請求項1に記載のヒューズエレメント。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載のヒューズエレメントを備え、
前記ヒューズエレメントは、前記第1側面と前記第2側面が、通電方向に沿う方向に延びるように配置されているヒューズ素子。 - 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載のヒューズエレメントと、前記ヒューズエレメントを加熱する発熱体と、を有し、
前記ヒューズエレメントは、前記第1側面と前記第2側面が、通電方向に沿う方向に延びるように配置されている保護素子。
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CN202280007713.3A CN116508128A (zh) | 2021-03-09 | 2022-03-07 | 熔丝元件、熔丝器件以及保护器件 |
US18/279,276 US20240234069A9 (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2022-03-07 | Fuse element, fuse device, and protection device |
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- 2022-03-07 KR KR1020237014643A patent/KR20230078772A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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JP2015069728A (ja) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-13 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 短絡素子 |
JP2015097183A (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 可溶導体の製造方法 |
JP2017147210A (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 電流ヒューズ |
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US20240234069A9 (en) | 2024-07-11 |
TW202301398A (zh) | 2023-01-01 |
CN116508128A (zh) | 2023-07-28 |
KR20230078772A (ko) | 2023-06-02 |
US20240136137A1 (en) | 2024-04-25 |
JP7518786B2 (ja) | 2024-07-18 |
JP2022137724A (ja) | 2022-09-22 |
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