WO2022189012A1 - Measuring cell for battery modules, battery module, and battery - Google Patents

Measuring cell for battery modules, battery module, and battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022189012A1
WO2022189012A1 PCT/EP2021/079368 EP2021079368W WO2022189012A1 WO 2022189012 A1 WO2022189012 A1 WO 2022189012A1 EP 2021079368 W EP2021079368 W EP 2021079368W WO 2022189012 A1 WO2022189012 A1 WO 2022189012A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring cell
battery
measuring
temperature
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/079368
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred STRIEDINGER
Original Assignee
Smartiq Innovation Technology Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smartiq Innovation Technology Gmbh filed Critical Smartiq Innovation Technology Gmbh
Publication of WO2022189012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022189012A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring cell for battery modules, the measuring cell having electrical contacts, a measuring device for detecting a voltage between the electrical contacts, at least one first measuring device for detecting a temperature and a transmitter for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or the voltage and the temperature corresponding values to a receiving device.
  • the invention also relates to a battery module with storage cells and with a measuring cell, which has a measuring device for detecting a voltage and/or a temperature of the battery module and a transmitting device for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or values corresponding to the voltage and the temperature to a receiving device having.
  • the invention also relates to a battery with a battery housing, at least one battery module and a master battery management system.
  • Battery management systems are used to protect rechargeable electrical storage cells, battery modules and batteries, for example batteries of single-track and multi-track vehicles such as electric cars and e-scooters, electric boats, uninterruptible power supplies, mobile phones or notebooks.
  • BMS are electronic circuits that are used to monitor, control and protect storage cells, battery modules and batteries.
  • balancing In order for a BMS to be able to fulfill this task, it is necessary to record at least the voltage and the temperature of the storage cells, the battery module and/or the battery and to balance the different voltage levels of the battery modules with one another (“balancing").
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of making available a possibility with which the measuring devices and the transmission device can be attached more easily.
  • the measuring cell according to the invention is a compact component that has all the necessary technical features that are required for acquiring the measurement data and for forwarding them to a BMS. Since the electrical contacts are arranged on opposite sides of the housing, the measuring cell can be installed in a battery module like a storage cell, so that no special measures have to be taken in terms of production technology to equip a battery module with the measuring devices and the transmission device.
  • the measuring cell can be treated like a storage cell in the manufacturing process of the battery module.
  • “Essentially the same external dimensions as the storage cells” means in connection with the present invention that the maximum external dimensions (in the case of prismatic storage cells or measuring cells their length, width and height; in the case of cylindrical storage cells or measuring cells their length and diameter) of Measuring cells deviate at most so far from the maximum external dimensions of the storage cells that the measuring cells can be handled like storage cells in the manufacturing process of a battery module and the measuring cells can be integrated into a battery module like storage cells.
  • the battery according to the invention contains at least one battery module according to the invention and a master battery management system, which receives data from the transmitter device arranged in the measuring cell of the battery module.
  • an electronic circuit is arranged in the housing of the measuring cell, to which the measuring devices and the transmitting device are connected.
  • the measurement data can be further processed in the electronic circuit and then forwarded to the transmission device.
  • the electronic circuit, the measuring devices and the transmission device can form a BMS slave.
  • the transmission device is also designed as a transmission and reception device for receiving signals.
  • bidirectional communication can take place between the BMS master of the battery and the BMS slave of each battery module.
  • the transmission device is arranged in the housing so that it is well protected there.
  • the invention for example, to provide a depression in the housing in which, for example, an antenna can be arranged, with the result that the antenna would be outside the housing wall.
  • This embodiment would be advantageous, for example, if the housing is made entirely of metal and a radio connection between the transmitting device and the BMS master would be made more difficult or impossible as a result.
  • the first measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor which is arranged on one of the electrical contacts.
  • a second measuring device that may be present for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor that is arranged on the other electrical contact.
  • the poles of the storage cells can, as is known per se from the prior art, make contact with electrical conductor tracks, in particular be connected to them in a positive or non-positive manner. If the electrical contacts of a measuring cell each make contact with a conductor, the temperature sensors can record the temperatures of the conductors.
  • the interconnects lie firmly against the storage cells, they are heated directly by the storage cells, so that the temperature of the interconnects can be used to draw very good conclusions about the temperature in the storage cells and their current load. In this case, it is of course basically sufficient if the temperature of a conductor track is detected via only a single electrical contact of the storage cells. However, if temperature sensors are provided for both electrical contacts, an even better estimate of the temperature of the storage cells is possible.
  • a (Further) measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor, which is arranged in the central region of the measuring cell. Such a temperature sensor also enables a relatively accurate measurement of the temperature in the
  • Storage cells especially when the measuring cell is arranged in the central area of a battery module between the storage cells.
  • a plug contact for connecting a further measuring device is arranged on the housing. This allows for the flexible connection of additional measuring equipment if deemed appropriate by the user or manufacturer of the battery.
  • the data communication takes place wirelessly, e.g. via radio.
  • the transmission device in an alternative embodiment of the invention, which is also preferred within the scope of the invention, it is also possible for the transmission device to be electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts.
  • the data can be transmitted by means of a signal modulation on the
  • the housing is divided into upper, middle and lower parts, these parts being sealed together. If the middle part is detachably connected to the upper part and the lower part, the measuring cell can be opened and, if necessary, equipped with additional technical devices or repaired while the measuring cell is still installed in the battery module. This is particularly advantageous when the electrical contacts of the measuring cell such as the Storage cells are connected to the conductor tracks and the measuring cell can therefore only be removed from a battery module with great effort.
  • the housing of the measuring cell prefferably has a transparent section, in particular a transparent central part, in the area of which an optical signaling device is arranged. If the measuring cell is arranged in an area of a battery in which an optical signal, for example a green status signal or a red warning light, is visible, an operating state of the battery can also be displayed in this way.
  • an optical signal for example a green status signal or a red warning light
  • the measuring cell has essentially the same external dimensions as the storage cells. In this case, it is also preferred if the measuring cell is arranged in the same spatial orientation as the storage cells in the battery module, because in particular when the or the
  • Temperature sensors is arranged in the electrical contacts of the measuring cell or are, a correct assignment is possible, which temperature is measured at the positive and / or negative pole of the battery module.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a measuring cell according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an arrangement of measuring cells according to the invention in battery modules
  • FIG. 4 shows a roughly schematic representation of an embodiment of a battery according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a roughly schematic representation of a further embodiment of a battery according to the invention.
  • the drawings show embodiments of measuring cells, battery modules and batteries according to the invention, but these are only examples and, apart from the features according to the invention as defined in the claims, are also designed and/or combined differently within the scope of the present invention with regard to many components can be, without this requiring a special mention in the following.
  • the 1 shows a commercially available rechargeable electrical storage cell 1 in the form of a cylindrical round cell.
  • the storage cell has a diameter D and a height H.
  • the 2 shows a measuring cell 2 according to the invention, which has a housing 22 which, in the embodiment shown, consists of an upper housing part 3 , a lower housing part 4 and a middle part 5 .
  • the housing 22 also has a head 6 .
  • the housing parts 3, 4, 5 and 6 are connected to one another in an airtight manner and are dimensionally stable.
  • the housing 22 of the measuring cell 2 preferably has the same stability and mechanical integrity as the storage cell 1. It also has the same external dimensions, ie the same height H and the same diameter D, as the storage cell 1.
  • the housing can consist of a metallic material or plastic or a combination of these materials.
  • the middle part 5 can be made of a different material than the upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4, and preferably of a transparent plastic, so that optical signals of a signaling device 23, which can be arranged inside the housing, are visible. For example, various operating states can be signaled with optical signals.
  • the measuring cell 2 has BMS functions, with the hardware 15 required for this being accommodated in the housing of the measuring cell 2 .
  • the measuring cell 2 has a head 6, which corresponds to the positive pole of a storage cell 1 electrical contact 14a, and on the lower housing part 4, which corresponds to the negative pole of a storage cell 1, an electrical contact 14b.
  • Temperature sensors 7, 9 are also integrated in the measuring cell 2, with the first temperature sensor 7 being accommodated in the lower housing part 4 of the measuring cell 2, in particular on the bottom of the lower housing part 4, and the second temperature sensor 9 being arranged in the head 6.
  • Another temperature sensor 8 is located in the middle part 5 of the measuring cell 2 .
  • the measuring cell 2 also has a plug contact 11 in the middle part 5 .
  • the plug contact 11 offers the possibility of connecting an external temperature sensor 13 via a conductor 12 . This makes it possible to arrange the external temperature sensor 13 separately from the measuring cell 2 and to monitor the temperature at a remote location. In theory, however, another type of sensor can also be plugged in.
  • the middle part 5 there is an electronic circuit 24 to which all the above-mentioned parts of the hardware 15 are connected to form a BMS, in particular a BMS slave.
  • an antenna 10 is housed in the central part 5 of the measuring cell 2 in order to transmit measurement data or data derived therefrom by means of the circuit 24 , in particular to a receiving device 28 of a BMS master 27 .
  • a wireless signal transmission from the measuring cell 2 to the BMS master 27 is thus possible.
  • data can also be modulated onto the electrical contact 14a via one or more carrier frequencies on the DC voltage side.
  • Each battery module 18, 19 has, for example, three storage cells 1 which are electrically connected in parallel.
  • the battery module 18 is electrically connected in series with the battery module 19 .
  • Each battery module 18, 19 also has a measuring cell 2, which is electrically connected to the storage cells 1 is connected in parallel. The electrical parallel connection of the storage cells 1 and the measuring cells 2 takes place via a conductor track 16, 21 on the negative pole of the respective battery module 18, 19, and through a conductor track 17, 20 on the positive pole of the respective battery module 18, 19.
  • the measuring cells 2 which detect the voltage between the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the electrical contacts 14a and 14b, can thus monitor the voltage of the battery modules 18, 19 and represent one of the safety functions of the BMS.
  • the hardware 15 of the measuring cells 2 is supplied with voltage or current by the parallel connection of the measuring cells 2 to the active storage cells 1 in the battery modules 18, 19 and via the conductor tracks 17, 20.
  • the measuring cells 2 contact the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the head 6 and the bottom of the lower part 4, in particular are connected to them, there is the possibility of measuring the temperature of the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the temperature sensors 7, 9 at the electrical contacts 14a and
  • the additional temperature sensor 8 which can be located in the middle part 5 of the measuring cell 2, measures the temperature that occurs in the middle area of the battery modules 18, 19.
  • a measuring cell 2 is usually connected to the storage cells 1 via the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 in the module. Should it be necessary to replace the hardware (repair, etc.) of a measuring cell 1, the three-part design of the housing allows the middle part 5 to be removed. The upper part 3, which is welded over the head 6 to the conductor track 17, 20, and the lower part 4, which is welded to the conductor track 16, 21, remain on the conductor tracks 16, 17, 20, 21. There is thus access to the hardware of a measuring cell 2.
  • a battery according to the invention has at least one battery module with at least one storage cell 1 and at least one measuring cell 2 .
  • the battery also has a BMS master 27 . 4 and 5, exemplary embodiments of batteries 24a, 24b are shown, each having a plurality of battery modules 25, 26.
  • a measuring cell 2, which has a BMS slave, is installed in each battery module 25, 26.
  • the BMS slaves communicate with the BMS master 27, which is arranged on or in a battery housing 29.
  • the BMS master 27 uses the measuring cells 2, which are arranged in the battery modules 25, 26, to monitor the states of the storage cells 1 of the battery 24a, 24b.
  • BMS slaves can exchange information with each other.
  • a measuring cell 2 that is installed in a battery module 25, 26 can exchange information with the measuring cells 2 that are installed in the other battery modules 25, 26 and forward it to the BMS master 27.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Storage cells (1) and at least one measuring cell (2) are arranged in a battery module. The measuring cell (2) has contacts (14a, 14b) which are located on opposite sides of the housing (22), a measuring device for acquiring a voltage between the electric contacts 14a, 14b), at least a first measuring device for acquiring a temperature, and a transmitter for transmitting the acquired voltage value and temperature value to a receiver (28). The measuring cell (2) has substantially the same outer dimensions as the storage cells (1).

Description

MESSZELLE FÜR BATTERIEMODULE, BATTERIEMODUL UND BATTERIE MEASURING CELL FOR BATTERY MODULES, BATTERY MODULE AND BATTERY
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Messzelle für Batteriemodule, wobei die Messzelle elektrische Kontakte, eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Spannung zwischen den elektrischen Kontakten, wenigstens eine erste Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur und eine Sendeeinrichtung zum Übertragen des erfassten Spannungswertes und Temperaturwertes oder von der Spannung und der Temperatur entsprechenden Werten an eine Empfangseinrichtung aufweist. The invention relates to a measuring cell for battery modules, the measuring cell having electrical contacts, a measuring device for detecting a voltage between the electrical contacts, at least one first measuring device for detecting a temperature and a transmitter for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or the voltage and the temperature corresponding values to a receiving device.
Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Batteriemodul mit Speicherzellen und mit einer Messzelle, die eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Spannung und/oder einer Temperatur des Batteriemoduls und eine Sendeeinrichtung zum Übertragen des erfassten Spannungswertes und Temperaturwertes oder von der Spannung und der Temperatur entsprechenden Werten an eine Empfangseinrichtung aufweist. The invention also relates to a battery module with storage cells and with a measuring cell, which has a measuring device for detecting a voltage and/or a temperature of the battery module and a transmitting device for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or values corresponding to the voltage and the temperature to a receiving device having.
Die Erfindung betrifft schließlich auch noch eine Batterie mit einem Batteriegehäuse, wenigstens einem Batteriemodul und einem Master-Batteriemanagementsystem. Finally, the invention also relates to a battery with a battery housing, at least one battery module and a master battery management system.
Zum Schutz von wiederaufladbaren elektrischen Speicherzellen, Batteriemodulen und Batterien, beispielsweise Batterien von einspurigen und mehrspurigen Fahrzeugen, wie z.B. Elektroautos und E-Scootern, Elektrobooten, unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgungen, Mobiltelefonen oder Notebooks, werden Batteriemanagementsysteme (BMS) verwendet. Als BMS werden elektronische Schaltungen bezeichnet, die der Überwachung, Regelung und dem Schutz der Speicherzellen, Batteriemodule und Batterien dienen. Damit ein BMS diese Aufgabe erfüllen kann, ist es erforderlich, wenigstens die Spannung und die Temperatur der Speicherzellen, des Batteriemoduls und/oder der Batterie zu erfassen und die unterschiedlichen Spannungsniveaus der Batteriemodule untereinander auszugleichen („balancing"). Es ist daher beispielsweise aus der US 2008/305390 Al, DE 21 2018 000 198 Ul, EP 3536 542 Al und der WO 2021/096250 Al bekannt, Batteriemodule mit Messeinrichtungen für Spannung und Temperatur und mit einem BMS-Slave auszustatten, der mittels Funk mit einem BMS-Master kommuniziert. Battery management systems (BMS) are used to protect rechargeable electrical storage cells, battery modules and batteries, for example batteries of single-track and multi-track vehicles such as electric cars and e-scooters, electric boats, uninterruptible power supplies, mobile phones or notebooks. BMS are electronic circuits that are used to monitor, control and protect storage cells, battery modules and batteries. In order for a BMS to be able to fulfill this task, it is necessary to record at least the voltage and the temperature of the storage cells, the battery module and/or the battery and to balance the different voltage levels of the battery modules with one another ("balancing"). It is therefore known, for example from US 2008/305390 Al, DE 21 2018 000 198 Ul, EP 3536 542 Al and WO 2021/096250 Al, to equip battery modules with measuring devices for voltage and temperature and with a BMS slave that uses radio communicates with a BMS master.
Das Anbringen der Messeinrichtungen und der Sendeeinrichtung für die gemessenen Daten an den Modulen bzw. der Batterie ist allerdings aufwendig. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Möglichkeit zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit der das Anbringen der Messeinrichtungen und der Sendeeinrichtung einfacher durchgeführt werden kann. However, attaching the measuring devices and the transmission device for the measured data to the modules or the battery is complicated. The invention is therefore based on the object of making available a possibility with which the measuring devices and the transmission device can be attached more easily.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit einer Messzelle mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. This problem is solved with a measuring cell having the features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Messzelle ist ein kompakter Bauteil, der alle erforderlichen technischen Merkmale aufweist, die zum Erfassen der Messdaten und zum Weiterleiten an ein BMS erforderlich sind. Da die elektrischen Kontakte an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, kann die Messzelle ähnlich wie eine Speicherzelle in ein Batteriemodul eingebaut werden, sodass fertigungstechnisch keine besonderen Maßnahmen getroffen werden müssen, um ein Batteriemodul mit den Messeinrichtungen und der Sendeeinrichtung auszustatten. The measuring cell according to the invention is a compact component that has all the necessary technical features that are required for acquiring the measurement data and for forwarding them to a BMS. Since the electrical contacts are arranged on opposite sides of the housing, the measuring cell can be installed in a battery module like a storage cell, so that no special measures have to be taken in terms of production technology to equip a battery module with the measuring devices and the transmission device.
Gelöst wird die anmeldungsgemäße Aufgabe daher auch mit einem Batteriemodul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 12. The object according to the application is therefore also achieved with a battery module having the features of claim 12.
Wenn die erfindungsgemäße Messzelle im Wesentlichen die gleichen äußeren Abmessungen wie die Speicherzellen aufweist, kann die Messzelle im Herstellungsprozess des Batteriemoduls wie eine Speicherzelle behandelt werden. „Im Wesentlichen die gleichen äußeren Abmessungen wie die Speicherzellen" bedeutet im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung, dass die maximalen äußeren Abmessungen (bei prismatischen Speicherzellen bzw. Messzellen deren Länge, Breite und Höhe; bei zylindrischen Speicherzellen bzw. Messzellen deren Länge und Durchmesser) der Messzellen höchstens so weit von den maximalen äußeren Abmessungen der Speicherzellen abweichen, dass die Messzellen im Herstellungsprozess eines Batteriemoduls wie Speicherzellen gehandhabt und die Messzellen wie Speicherzellen in ein Batteriemodul integriert werden können. If the measuring cell according to the invention essentially has the same external dimensions as the storage cells, the measuring cell can be treated like a storage cell in the manufacturing process of the battery module. "Essentially the same external dimensions as the storage cells" means in connection with the present invention that the maximum external dimensions (in the case of prismatic storage cells or measuring cells their length, width and height; in the case of cylindrical storage cells or measuring cells their length and diameter) of Measuring cells deviate at most so far from the maximum external dimensions of the storage cells that the measuring cells can be handled like storage cells in the manufacturing process of a battery module and the measuring cells can be integrated into a battery module like storage cells.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe schließlich auch mit einer Batterie mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 17. Finally, this problem is also solved with a battery having the features of claim 17.
Die erfindungsgemäße Batterie enthält wenigstens ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul und ein Master- Batteriemanagementsystem, das Daten der in der Messzelle des Batteriemoduls angeordneten Sendeeinrichtung empfängt. The battery according to the invention contains at least one battery module according to the invention and a master battery management system, which receives data from the transmitter device arranged in the measuring cell of the battery module.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche . Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist im Gehäuse der Messzelle eine elektronische Schaltung angeordnet, mit der die Messeinrichtungen und die Sendeeinrichtung verbunden sind. In der elektronischen Schaltung können die Messdaten weiterverarbeitet und dann an die Sendeeinrichtung weitergeleitet werden. Die elektronische Schaltung, die Messeinrichtungen und die Sendeeinrichtung können einen BMS- Slave bilden. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, dass die gemessenen Werte über die Sendeeinrichtung direkt und unverändert an einen BMS-Master weitergeleitet werden. Es ist auch möglich, dass die Messwerte analysiert oder kategorisiert werden und beispielsweise nur den Messwerten entsprechende Werte (z.B. Temperatur = OK, Temperatur = hoch, Temperatur = niedrig) weitergeleitet werden. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an electronic circuit is arranged in the housing of the measuring cell, to which the measuring devices and the transmitting device are connected. The measurement data can be further processed in the electronic circuit and then forwarded to the transmission device. The electronic circuit, the measuring devices and the transmission device can form a BMS slave. For example, it is possible for the measured values to be forwarded directly and unchanged to a BMS master via the transmission device. It is also possible that the measured values are analyzed or categorized and, for example, only values corresponding to the measured values (e.g. temperature = OK, temperature = high, temperature = low) are forwarded.
Dabei hat es sich bewährt, wenn die Sendeeinrichtung als Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung auch zum Empfang von Signalen ausgeführt ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen dem BMS-Master der Batterie und dem BMS-Slave jedes Batteriemoduls erfolgen. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Sendeeinrichtung im Gehäuse angeordnet, damit sie dort gut geschützt ist. Es ist bei der Erfindung aber beispielsweise auch möglich, im Gehäuse eine Vertiefung anzubringen, in der beispielsweise eine Antenne angeordnet sein kann, womit die Antenne außerhalb der Gehäusewand läge. Diese Ausführungsform wäre beispielsweise vorteilhaft, wenn das Gehäuse zur Gänze aus Metall besteht und eine Funkverbindung zwischen der Sendeeinrichtung und dem BMS-Master dadurch erschwert oder unmöglich gemacht würde. In this context, it has proven useful if the transmission device is also designed as a transmission and reception device for receiving signals. In this way, bidirectional communication can take place between the BMS master of the battery and the BMS slave of each battery module. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the transmission device is arranged in the housing so that it is well protected there. However, it is also possible with the invention, for example, to provide a depression in the housing in which, for example, an antenna can be arranged, with the result that the antenna would be outside the housing wall. This embodiment would be advantageous, for example, if the housing is made entirely of metal and a radio connection between the transmitting device and the BMS master would be made more difficult or impossible as a result.
In einer weiteren, ebenfalls bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die erste Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor auf, der an einem der elektrischen Kontakte angeordnet ist. Zusätzlich ist es möglich, dass eine allenfalls vorhandene zweite Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor aufweist, der an dem anderen elektrischen Kontakt angeordnet ist. In a further, likewise preferred embodiment of the invention, the first measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor which is arranged on one of the electrical contacts. In addition, it is possible that a second measuring device that may be present for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor that is arranged on the other electrical contact.
Bei der Erfindung können die Pole der Speicherzellen, wie dies an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist, elektrische Leiterbahnen kontaktieren, insbesondere mit diesen form- oder kraftschlüssig verbunden sein. Wenn die elektrischen Kontakte einer Messzelle jeweils eine Leiterbahn kontaktieren, können die Temperatursensoren die Temperaturen der Leiterbahnen erfassen.In the case of the invention, the poles of the storage cells can, as is known per se from the prior art, make contact with electrical conductor tracks, in particular be connected to them in a positive or non-positive manner. If the electrical contacts of a measuring cell each make contact with a conductor, the temperature sensors can record the temperatures of the conductors.
Da die Leiterbahnen fest an den Speicherzellen anliegen, werden sie direkt von den Speicherzellen erwärmt, sodass über die Temperatur der Leiterbahnen sehr gut Rückschlüsse auf die Temperatur in den Speicherzellen und deren Strombelastung getroffen werden können. Dabei ist es natürlich grundsätzlich ausreichend, wenn über nur einen einzigen elektrischen Kontakt der Speicherzellen die Temperatur einer Leiterbahn erfasst wird. Wenn aber bei beiden elektrischen Kontakten Temperatursensoren vorgesehen sind, ist eine noch bessere Abschätzung der Temperatur der Speicherzellen möglich. Since the interconnects lie firmly against the storage cells, they are heated directly by the storage cells, so that the temperature of the interconnects can be used to draw very good conclusions about the temperature in the storage cells and their current load. In this case, it is of course basically sufficient if the temperature of a conductor track is detected via only a single electrical contact of the storage cells. However, if temperature sensors are provided for both electrical contacts, an even better estimate of the temperature of the storage cells is possible.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ zur ersten und/oder zweiten Messeinrichtung ist es bei der Erfindung auch möglich, dass eine (weitere) Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor aufweist, der im Mittelbereich der Messzelle angeordnet ist. Auch ein derartiger Temperatursensor ermöglicht eine relativ genaue Messung der Temperatur in denIn addition or as an alternative to the first and/or second measuring device, it is also possible with the invention that a (Further) measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor, which is arranged in the central region of the measuring cell. Such a temperature sensor also enables a relatively accurate measurement of the temperature in the
Speicherzellen, insbesondere wenn die Messzelle in Mittelbereich eines Batteriemoduls zwischen den Speicherzellen angeordnet ist. Storage cells, especially when the measuring cell is arranged in the central area of a battery module between the storage cells.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann des Weiteren auch noch vorgesehen sein, dass am Gehäuse ein Steckkontakt zum Anschließen einer weiteren Messeinrichtung, insbesondere einer weiteren Temperaturmesseinrichtung, angeordnet ist. Dies ermöglicht das flexible Anschließen weiterer Messeinrichtungen, falls dies vom Benutzer oder Hersteller der Batterie für zweckmäßig erachtet wird. In a further embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that a plug contact for connecting a further measuring device, in particular a further temperature measuring device, is arranged on the housing. This allows for the flexible connection of additional measuring equipment if deemed appropriate by the user or manufacturer of the battery.
Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es bei der Erfindung bevorzugt, wenn die Datenkommunikation drahtlos, z.B. über Funk, erfolgt. As already mentioned, it is preferred in the invention if the data communication takes place wirelessly, e.g. via radio.
In einer alternativen, im Rahmen der Erfindung ebenfalls bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist es aber auch möglich, dass die Sendeeinrichtung elektrisch mit einem der elektrischen Kontakte verbunden ist. In diesem Fall können die Daten mittels einer Signalmodulation auf derIn an alternative embodiment of the invention, which is also preferred within the scope of the invention, it is also possible for the transmission device to be electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts. In this case, the data can be transmitted by means of a signal modulation on the
Gleichspannungsseite, somit über eine Leiterbahn, übertragen werden. Eine derartige Datenübertragung wird auch als „Powerline Communication" (PLC) bezeichnet. Auch in diesem Fall ist ebenfalls keine separate Verkabelung erforderlich, um die Daten von der Sendeeinrichtung an ein BMS zu senden. DC voltage side, thus transmitted via a conductor track. Such data transmission is also referred to as "Powerline Communication" (PLC). In this case, too, no separate cabling is required to send the data from the transmitting device to a BMS.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Gehäuse in einen oberen, mittleren und unteren Teil unterteilt, wobei diese Teile dicht miteinander verbunden sind. Wenn der mittlere Teil mit dem oberen Teil und dem unteren Teil lösbar verbunden ist, kann die Messzelle geöffnet und bei Bedarf mit zusätzlichen technischen Einrichtungen ausgestattet oder repariert werden, während die Messzelle weiterhin im Batteriemodul eingebaut ist. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn die elektrischen Kontakte der Messzelle so wie die Speicherzellen mit der Leiterbahnen verbunden sind und die Messzelle daher nur mit größerem Aufwand aus einem Batteriemodul ausgebaut werden kann. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing is divided into upper, middle and lower parts, these parts being sealed together. If the middle part is detachably connected to the upper part and the lower part, the measuring cell can be opened and, if necessary, equipped with additional technical devices or repaired while the measuring cell is still installed in the battery module. This is particularly advantageous when the electrical contacts of the measuring cell such as the Storage cells are connected to the conductor tracks and the measuring cell can therefore only be removed from a battery module with great effort.
Schließlich ist es bei der Erfindung auch möglich, dass das Gehäuse der Messzelle einen transparenten Abschnitt, insbesondere einen transparenten mittleren Teil, aufweist, in dessen Bereich eine optische Signaleinrichtung angeordnet ist. Wenn die Messzelle in einem Bereich einer Batterie angeordnet ist, in dem ein optisches Signal, beispielsweise ein grünes Statussignal oder ein rotes Warnlicht, sichtbar ist, kann auch auf diese Weise ein Betriebszustand der Batterie angezeigt werden. Finally, it is also possible with the invention for the housing of the measuring cell to have a transparent section, in particular a transparent central part, in the area of which an optical signaling device is arranged. If the measuring cell is arranged in an area of a battery in which an optical signal, for example a green status signal or a red warning light, is visible, an operating state of the battery can also be displayed in this way.
Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es bei der Erfindung bevorzugt, wenn die Messzelle im Wesentlichen die gleichen äußeren Abmessungen wie die Speicherzellen aufweist. In diesem Fall ist es weiters bevorzugt, wenn die Messzelle in der gleichen räumlichen Orientierung wie die Speicherzellen im Batteriemodul angeordnet ist, weil insbesondere dann, wenn der oder dieAs already mentioned, it is preferred in the case of the invention if the measuring cell has essentially the same external dimensions as the storage cells. In this case, it is also preferred if the measuring cell is arranged in the same spatial orientation as the storage cells in the battery module, because in particular when the or the
Temperatursensoren in den elektrischen Kontakten der Messzelle angeordnet ist oder sind, eine korrekte Zuordnung möglich ist, welche Temperatur am positiven und/oder negativen Pol des Batteriemoduls gemessen wird. Temperature sensors is arranged in the electrical contacts of the measuring cell or are, a correct assignment is possible, which temperature is measured at the positive and / or negative pole of the battery module.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter, den Schutzbereich nicht beschränkender, Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die angeschlossenen Zeichnungen. Es zeigt: Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention, which do not limit the scope of protection, with reference to the attached drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1 eine handelsübliche Speicherzelle, 1 shows a commercially available memory cell,
Fig. 2 eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Messzelle, Fig. 3 eine Ausführungsform einer Anordnung erfindungsgemäßer Messzellen in Batteriemodulen, 2 shows an embodiment of a measuring cell according to the invention, FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an arrangement of measuring cells according to the invention in battery modules,
Fig. 4 eine grob schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Batterie, und Fig. 5 eine grob schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Batterie. In den Zeichnungen sind Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Messzellen, Batteriemodule und Batterien dargestellt, die aber nur beispielhaft sind, und, abgesehen von den erfindungsgemäßen Merkmalen, wie sie in den Ansprüchen definiert sind, im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung bezüglich vieler Komponenten auch anders ausgeführt und/oder kombiniert sein können, ohne dass dies im Folgenden einer besonderen Erwähnung bedarf. 4 shows a roughly schematic representation of an embodiment of a battery according to the invention, and FIG. 5 shows a roughly schematic representation of a further embodiment of a battery according to the invention. The drawings show embodiments of measuring cells, battery modules and batteries according to the invention, but these are only examples and, apart from the features according to the invention as defined in the claims, are also designed and/or combined differently within the scope of the present invention with regard to many components can be, without this requiring a special mention in the following.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine handelsübliche, wiederaufladbare elektrische Speicherzelle 1 in Form einer zylindrische Rundzelle. Die Speicherzelle hat einen Durchmesser D und eine Höhe H. 1 shows a commercially available rechargeable electrical storage cell 1 in the form of a cylindrical round cell. The storage cell has a diameter D and a height H.
In Fig. 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Messzelle 2 dargestellt, die ein Gehäuse 22 aufweist, das in der dargestellten Ausführungsform aus einem oberen Gehäuseteil 3, einem unteren Gehäuseteil 4 und einem Mitteilteil 5 besteht. Das Gehäuse 22 weist weiters einen Kopf 6 auf. Die Gehäuseteile 3, 4, 5 und 6 sind miteinander luftdicht verbunden und formstabil. Das Gehäuse 22 der Messzelle 2 besitzt vorzugsweise die gleiche Stabilität und mechanische Integrität wie die Speicherzelle 1. Außerdem weist sie die gleichen Außenabmessungen, also die gleiche Höhe H und den gleichen Durchmesser D, wie die Speicherzelle 1 auf. 2 shows a measuring cell 2 according to the invention, which has a housing 22 which, in the embodiment shown, consists of an upper housing part 3 , a lower housing part 4 and a middle part 5 . The housing 22 also has a head 6 . The housing parts 3, 4, 5 and 6 are connected to one another in an airtight manner and are dimensionally stable. The housing 22 of the measuring cell 2 preferably has the same stability and mechanical integrity as the storage cell 1. It also has the same external dimensions, ie the same height H and the same diameter D, as the storage cell 1.
Das Gehäuse kann aus einem metallischen Werkstoff oder aus Kunststoff oder einer Kombination dieser Werkstoffe bestehen. Insbesondere kann der Mitteilteil 5 aus einem anderen Werkstoff als der obere Gehäuseteil 3 und der untere Gehäuseteil 4, und bevorzugt aus einem transparenten Kunststoff, bestehen, damit optische Signale einer Signaleinrichtung 23, die im Inneren des Gehäuses angeordnet sein kann, sichtbar sind. Mit optischen Signalen können beispielsweise verschiedene Betriebszustände signalisiert werden. The housing can consist of a metallic material or plastic or a combination of these materials. In particular, the middle part 5 can be made of a different material than the upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4, and preferably of a transparent plastic, so that optical signals of a signaling device 23, which can be arranged inside the housing, are visible. For example, various operating states can be signaled with optical signals.
Die Messzelle 2 besitzt BMS-Funktionen, wobei die dafür notwendige Hardware 15 im Gehäuse der Messzelle 2 untergebracht ist. Zur Spannungsmessung weist die Messzelle 2 am Kopf 6, der dem Plus-Pol einer Speicherzelle 1 entspricht, einen elektrischen Kontakt 14a, und am unteren Gehäuseteil 4, der dem Minus-Pol einer Speicherzelle 1 entspricht, einen elektrischen Kontakt 14b auf. The measuring cell 2 has BMS functions, with the hardware 15 required for this being accommodated in the housing of the measuring cell 2 . To measure the voltage, the measuring cell 2 has a head 6, which corresponds to the positive pole of a storage cell 1 electrical contact 14a, and on the lower housing part 4, which corresponds to the negative pole of a storage cell 1, an electrical contact 14b.
In der Messzelle 2 sind weiters Temperatursensoren 7, 9 integriert, wobei der erste Temperatursensor 7 im unteren Gehäuseteil 4 der Messzelle 2, insbesondere am Boden des unteren Gehäuseteils 4, untergebracht ist, und der zweite Temperatursensor 9 im Kopf 6 angeordnet ist. Ein weiterer Temperatursensor 8 befindet sich im mittleren Teil 5 der Messzelle 2. Schließlich weist die Messzelle 2 noch einen Steckkontakt 11 im mittleren Teil 5 auf. Der Steckkontakt 11 bietet die Möglichkeit, einen externen Temperatursensor 13 über einen Leiter 12 anzuschließen. Dadurch ist es möglich, den externen Temperatursensor 13 örtlich getrennt von der Messzelle 2 anzuordnen und die Temperatur an einer entfernten Stelle zu überwachen. Theoretisch kann aber auch eine andere Art von Sensor angesteckt werden. Temperature sensors 7, 9 are also integrated in the measuring cell 2, with the first temperature sensor 7 being accommodated in the lower housing part 4 of the measuring cell 2, in particular on the bottom of the lower housing part 4, and the second temperature sensor 9 being arranged in the head 6. Another temperature sensor 8 is located in the middle part 5 of the measuring cell 2 . Finally, the measuring cell 2 also has a plug contact 11 in the middle part 5 . The plug contact 11 offers the possibility of connecting an external temperature sensor 13 via a conductor 12 . This makes it possible to arrange the external temperature sensor 13 separately from the measuring cell 2 and to monitor the temperature at a remote location. In theory, however, another type of sensor can also be plugged in.
Im mittleren Teil 5 befindet sich eine elektronische Schaltung 24, mit der alle vorstehend erwähnten Teile der Hardware 15 verbunden sind, um ein BMS, insbesondere einen BMS-Slave, zu bilden. Außerdem ist im mittleren Teil 5 der Messzelle 2 eine Antenne 10 untergebracht, um Messdaten oder mittels der Schaltung 24 davon abgeleitete Daten, insbesondere an eine Empfangseinrichtung 28 eines BMS-Masters 27, zu senden. Damit ist eine kabellose Signalübertragung von der Messzelle 2 zum BMS-Master 27 möglich. Als alternative Signalübertragung können Daten auch über eine oder mehrere Trägerfrequenzen auf der Gleichspannungsseite auf den elektrischen Kontakt 14a moduliert werden. In the middle part 5 there is an electronic circuit 24 to which all the above-mentioned parts of the hardware 15 are connected to form a BMS, in particular a BMS slave. In addition, an antenna 10 is housed in the central part 5 of the measuring cell 2 in order to transmit measurement data or data derived therefrom by means of the circuit 24 , in particular to a receiving device 28 of a BMS master 27 . A wireless signal transmission from the measuring cell 2 to the BMS master 27 is thus possible. As an alternative signal transmission, data can also be modulated onto the electrical contact 14a via one or more carrier frequencies on the DC voltage side.
Fig. 3 zeigt zwei Batteriemodule 18 und 19. Jedes Batteriemodul 18, 19 besitzt beispielhaft drei Stück Speicherzellen 1, die elektrisch parallel geschaltet sind. Das Batteriemodul 18 ist in dieser Ausführungsform mit dem Batteriemodul 19 elektrisch in Serie geschaltet. Jedes Batteriemodul 18, 19 besitzt zusätzlich eine Messzelle 2, die mit den Speicherzellen 1 elektrisch parallel geschaltet ist. Die elektrische Parallelschaltung der Speicherzellen 1 und der Messzellen 2 erfolgt über eine Leiterbahn 16, 21 am Minus-Pol des jeweiligen Batteriemoduls 18, 19, sowie durch eine Leiterbahn 17, 20 am Plus-Pol des jeweiligen Batteriemoduls 18, 19. 3 shows two battery modules 18 and 19. Each battery module 18, 19 has, for example, three storage cells 1 which are electrically connected in parallel. In this embodiment, the battery module 18 is electrically connected in series with the battery module 19 . Each battery module 18, 19 also has a measuring cell 2, which is electrically connected to the storage cells 1 is connected in parallel. The electrical parallel connection of the storage cells 1 and the measuring cells 2 takes place via a conductor track 16, 21 on the negative pole of the respective battery module 18, 19, and through a conductor track 17, 20 on the positive pole of the respective battery module 18, 19.
Die Messzellen 2, die mittels der elektrischen Kontakte 14a und 14b die Spannung zwischen den Leiterbahnen 16, 20 und 17, 21 erfassen, können somit die Spannung der Batteriemodule 18, 19 überwachen und stellen eine der Sicherheitsfunktionen des BMS dar. Die Hardware 15 der Messzellen 2 wird durch die Parallelschaltung der Messzellen 2 zu den aktiven Speicherzellen 1 in den Batteriemodulen 18, 19 und über die Leiterbahnen 17, 20 mit Spannung bzw. Strom versorgt. The measuring cells 2, which detect the voltage between the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the electrical contacts 14a and 14b, can thus monitor the voltage of the battery modules 18, 19 and represent one of the safety functions of the BMS. The hardware 15 of the measuring cells 2 is supplied with voltage or current by the parallel connection of the measuring cells 2 to the active storage cells 1 in the battery modules 18, 19 and via the conductor tracks 17, 20.
Da die Messzellen 2 die Leiterbahnen 16, 20 und 17, 21 mittels des Kopfes 6 und des Bodens des unteren Teils 4 kontaktieren, insbesondere mit diesen verbunden sind, besteht die Möglichkeit, die Temperatur der Leiterbahnen 16, 20 und 17, 21 mittels der Temperatursensoren 7, 9 an den elektrischen Kontakten 14a undSince the measuring cells 2 contact the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the head 6 and the bottom of the lower part 4, in particular are connected to them, there is the possibility of measuring the temperature of the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 by means of the temperature sensors 7, 9 at the electrical contacts 14a and
14b zu messen. 14b to measure.
Außerdem kann auf diese Weise auch die bereits erwähnte Datenübertragung über die elektrischen Kontakte 14a und über die Leiterbahnen 17, 20 erfolgen. In addition, the already mentioned data transmission via the electrical contacts 14a and via the conductor tracks 17, 20 can also take place in this way.
Der weitere Temperatursensor 8, der sich im mittleren Teil 5 der Messzelle 2 befinden kann, misst die Temperatur, die im Mittelbereich der Batteriemodule 18, 19 auftritt. The additional temperature sensor 8, which can be located in the middle part 5 of the measuring cell 2, measures the temperature that occurs in the middle area of the battery modules 18, 19.
Üblicherweise ist eine Messzelle 2 mit den Speicherzellen 1 über die Leiterbahnen 16, 20 und 17, 21 im Modul verbunden. Sollte ein Austausch der Hardware (Reparatur, etc.) einer Messzelle 1 erforderlich sein, besteht durch den dreiteiligen Aufbau des Gehäuses die Möglichkeit, den mittleren Teil 5 zu entfernen. Der obere Teil 3, der über den Kopf 6 an der Leiterbahn 17, 20 angeschweißt ist, und der untere Teil 4, der an der Leiterbahne 16, 21 angeschweißt ist, verbleiben an den Leiterbahnen 16, 17, 20, 21. Somit besteht eine Zugänglichkeit zur Hardware einer Messzelle 2. A measuring cell 2 is usually connected to the storage cells 1 via the conductor tracks 16, 20 and 17, 21 in the module. Should it be necessary to replace the hardware (repair, etc.) of a measuring cell 1, the three-part design of the housing allows the middle part 5 to be removed. The upper part 3, which is welded over the head 6 to the conductor track 17, 20, and the lower part 4, which is welded to the conductor track 16, 21, remain on the conductor tracks 16, 17, 20, 21. There is thus access to the hardware of a measuring cell 2.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Batterie weist wenigstens ein Batteriemodul mit wenigstens einer Speicherzelle 1 und wenigstens einer Messzelle 2 auf. Die Batterie weist weiters einen BMS-Master 27 auf. In den Fig. 4 und 5 sind beispielhaft Ausführungsformen von Batterien 24a, 24b dargestellt, die jeweils mehrere Batteriemodule 25, 26 aufweisen. In jedem Batteriemodul 25, 26 ist eine Messzelle 2 eingebaut, die einen BMS-Slave aufweist. Die BMS-Slaves kommunizieren mit dem BMS- Master 27, der an oder in einem Batteriegehäuse 29 angeordnet ist. Der BMS-Master 27 überwacht mithilfe der Messzellen 2, die in den Batteriemodulen 25, 26 angeordnet sind, die Zustände der Speicherzellen 1 der Batterie 24a, 24b. A battery according to the invention has at least one battery module with at least one storage cell 1 and at least one measuring cell 2 . The battery also has a BMS master 27 . 4 and 5, exemplary embodiments of batteries 24a, 24b are shown, each having a plurality of battery modules 25, 26. A measuring cell 2, which has a BMS slave, is installed in each battery module 25, 26. The BMS slaves communicate with the BMS master 27, which is arranged on or in a battery housing 29. The BMS master 27 uses the measuring cells 2, which are arranged in the battery modules 25, 26, to monitor the states of the storage cells 1 of the battery 24a, 24b.
Weiters ist es auch möglich, dass BMS-Slaves untereinander Informationen austauschen. Als Beispiel kann eine Messzelle 2, die in einem Batteriemodul 25, 26 eingebaut ist, mit den Messzellen 2, die in den anderen Batteriemodulen 25, 26 eingebaut sind, Informationen austauschen und an den BMS-Master 27 weiterleiten. Furthermore, it is also possible for BMS slaves to exchange information with each other. As an example, a measuring cell 2 that is installed in a battery module 25, 26 can exchange information with the measuring cells 2 that are installed in the other battery modules 25, 26 and forward it to the BMS master 27.
Bezugszeichenliste : List of references:
1 Speicherzelle 1 memory cell
2 Messzelle 2 measuring cell
3 oberer Gehäuseteil 3 upper case
4 unterer Gehäuseteil 4 lower case
5 mittlerer Gehäuseteil 5 middle housing part
6 Kopf 6 head
7 Temperatursensor 7 temperature sensor
8 Temperatursensor 8 temperature sensor
9 Temperatursensor 9 temperature sensor
10 Antenne 10 antenna
11 Steckkontakt 11 plug contact
12 Leiter 12 conductors
13 externer Temperatursensor13 external temperature sensor
14a elektrischer Kontakt 14a electrical contact
14b elektrischer Kontakt 14b electrical contact
15 Hardware 15hardware
16 Leiterbahn 16 track
17 Leiterbahn 17 track
18 Batteriemodul 18 battery module
19 Batteriemodul 19 battery module
20 Leiterbahn 20 track
21 Leiterbahn 21 track
22 Gehäuse 22 housing
23 optische Signaleinrichtung23 visual signaling device
24a Batterie 24a battery
24b Batterie 24b battery
25 Batteriemodul 25 battery module
26 Batteriemodul 26 battery module
27 BMS-Master 27 BMS master
28 Empfangseinrichtung 28 receiving device
29 Batteriegehäuse 29 battery case

Claims

Ansprüche: Expectations:
1. Messzelle für Batteriemodule (18, 19, 25, 26), wobei die Messzelle (2) elektrische Kontakte (14a, 14b), eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Spannung zwischen den elektrischen Kontakten (14a, 14b), wenigstens eine erste Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur und eine Sendeeinrichtung zum Übertragen des erfassten Spannungswertes und Temperaturwertes oder von der Spannung und der Temperatur entsprechenden Werten an eine Empfangseinrichtung (28) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messzelle (2) ein Gehäuse (22) aufweist und dass die elektrischen Kontakte (14a, 14b) an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gehäuses (22) angeordnet sind. 1. Measuring cell for battery modules (18, 19, 25, 26), the measuring cell (2) having electrical contacts (14a, 14b), a measuring device for detecting a voltage between the electrical contacts (14a, 14b), at least a first measuring device for detecting a temperature and having a transmitting device for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or values corresponding to the voltage and the temperature to a receiving device (28), characterized in that the measuring cell (2) has a housing (22) and that the electrical contacts (14a, 14b) are arranged on opposite sides of the housing (22).
2. Messzelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Gehäuse (22) eine elektronische Schaltung (24) angeordnet ist, mit der die Messeinrichtungen und die Sendeeinrichtung verbunden sind. 2. Measuring cell according to claim 1, characterized in that an electronic circuit (24) is arranged in the housing (22) to which the measuring devices and the transmitting device are connected.
3. Messzelle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeeinrichtung im Gehäuse (22) angeordnet ist. 3. Measuring cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmitting device is arranged in the housing (22).
4. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor (7) aufweist, der an einem der elektrischen Kontakte (14b) angeordnet ist. 4. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor (7) which is arranged on one of the electrical contacts (14b).
5. Messzelle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor (9) aufweist, der an dem anderen elektrischen Kontakt (14a) angeordnet ist. 5. Measuring cell according to claim 4, characterized in that a second measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor (9) which is arranged on the other electrical contact (14a).
6. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Temperatur einen Temperatursensor (8) aufweist, der im Mittelbereich der Messzelle (2) angeordnet ist. 6. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a further measuring device for detecting a temperature has a temperature sensor (8) which is arranged in the central region of the measuring cell (2).
7. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeeinrichtung eine Antenne (10) für eine drahtlose Kommunikation aufweist. 7. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the transmitting device has an antenna (10) for wireless communication.
8. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeeinrichtung elektrisch mit einem der elektrischen Kontakte (14a, 14b) verbunden ist. 8. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the transmitting device is electrically connected to one of the electrical contacts (14a, 14b).
9. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (22) in einen oberen Teil (3), einen mittleren Teil (5) und unteren Teil (4) unterteilt ist, dass die Teile (3, 4, 5) dicht miteinander verbunden sind, und dass der mittlere Teil (5) mit dem oberen Teil (3) und dem unteren Teil (4) lösbar verbunden ist. 9. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing (22) is divided into an upper part (3), a middle part (5) and a lower part (4), that the parts (3, 4 , 5) are tightly connected to each other, and that the middle part (5) is detachably connected to the upper part (3) and the lower part (4).
10. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (22) einen transparenten Abschnitt, insbesondere einen transparenten mittleren Teil10. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing (22) has a transparent section, in particular a transparent middle part
(5), aufweist, in dessen Bereich eine optische Signaleinrichtung (23) angeordnet ist. (5), in whose area an optical signaling device (23) is arranged.
11. Messzelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Gehäuse (22) ein Steckkontakt (11) zum Anschließen einer weiteren Messeinrichtung, insbesondere ein weiterer Temperatursensor (13), angeordnet ist. 11. Measuring cell according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plug contact (11) for connecting a further measuring device, in particular a further temperature sensor (13), is arranged on the housing (22).
12. Batteriemodul mit Speicherzellen (1) und mit wenigstens einer Messzelle (2), die eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Spannung und/oder einer Temperatur des Batteriemoduls (18,12. Battery module with storage cells (1) and with at least one measuring cell (2) which has a measuring device for detecting a voltage and/or a temperature of the battery module (18,
19, 25, 26) und eine Sendeeinrichtung (10) zum Übertragen des erfassten Spannungswertes und Temperaturwertes oder von der Spannung und der Temperatur entsprechenden Werten an eine Empfangseinrichtung (28) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messzelle (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 ausgeführt ist und im Wesentlichen die gleichen äußeren Abmessungen wie die Speicherzellen (1) aufweist. 19, 25, 26) and a transmitting device (10) for transmitting the detected voltage value and temperature value or values corresponding to the voltage and the temperature to a receiving device (28), characterized in that the measuring cell (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 11 and has essentially the same external dimensions as the storage cells (1).
13. Batteriemodul nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messzelle (2) in der gleichen räumlichen Orientierung wie Speicherzellen (1) im Batteriemodul (18, 19, 25, 26) angeordnet ist. 13. Battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that the measuring cell (2) is arranged in the same spatial orientation as the storage cells (1) in the battery module (18, 19, 25, 26).
14. Batteriemodul nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messzelle (2) und die Speicherzellen (1) parallel nebeneinander liegend im Batteriemodul (18, 19, 25, 26) angeordnet sind. 14. Battery module according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the measuring cell (2) and the storage cells (1) are arranged parallel to one another in the battery module (18, 19, 25, 26).
15. Batteriemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messzelle (2) mit Speicherzellen (1) elektrisch parallel geschaltet ist. 15. Battery module according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the measuring cell (2) is electrically connected in parallel with storage cells (1).
16. Batteriemodul nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pole der Speicherzellen (1) elektrische Leiterbahnen (16, 17, 20, 21) kontaktieren und die elektrischen Kontakte (14a, 14b) der Messzelle (2) jeweils eine Leiterbahn (16, 17, 20, 21) kontaktieren. 16. Battery module according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the poles of the storage cells (1) contact electrical conductor tracks (16, 17, 20, 21) and the electrical contacts (14a, 14b) of the measuring cell (2) each have one Contact conductor track (16, 17, 20, 21).
17. Batterie mit einem Batteriegehäuse (29), wenigstens einem Batteriemodul (18, 19, 25, 26) und einem Master- Batteriemanagementsystem (27), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Batteriemodule (18, 19, 25, 26) nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16 ausgeführt sind und dass das Master- Batteriemanagementsystem (27) eine Empfangseinrichtung (28) für von der Sendeeinrichtung der Messzelle (2) gesandte Daten aufweist. 17. Battery with a battery housing (29), at least one battery module (18, 19, 25, 26) and a master battery management system (27), characterized in that the battery modules (18, 19, 25, 26) according to any one of the claims 12 to 16 and that the master battery management system (27) has a receiving device (28) for data sent by the transmitting device of the measuring cell (2).
18. Batterie nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sendeeinrichtung der wenigstens einen Messzelle (2) als Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung (10) auch zum Empfang von Signalen ausgeführt ist. 18. Battery according to claim 17, characterized in that the transmitting device of the at least one measuring cell (2) is also designed as a transmitting and receiving device (10) for receiving signals.
19. Batterie nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Batteriegehäuse (29) zwei oder mehr als zwei Batteriemodule (18, 19, 25, 26) angeordnet sind und dass die Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung der Batteriemodule (18, 19, 25, 26) miteinander und mit dem Master-Batteriemanagementsystem (27) kommunizieren . 19. Battery according to Claim 18, characterized in that two or more than two battery modules (18, 19, 25, 26) are arranged in the battery housing (29) and that the transmitting and receiving device of the battery modules (18, 19, 25, 26 ) communicate with each other and with the master battery management system (27).
PCT/EP2021/079368 2021-03-08 2021-10-22 Measuring cell for battery modules, battery module, and battery WO2022189012A1 (en)

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