WO2022188180A1

WO2022188180A1 - Screening device

Info

Publication number: WO2022188180A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/080596
Authority: WO
Inventors: 车战斌
Original assignee: 方甡
Priority date: 2021-03-12
Filing date: 2021-03-12
Publication date: 2022-09-15

Abstract

The present application provides a screening device. The screening device comprises: a screening structure, in which screening gaps allowing for the passage of materials are formed, and multi-level screening gaps having gradually increased widths are formed in a forward direction of the materials in the screening structure to screen materials having different particle diameters; and a conveying mechanism comprising a driving assembly and a scraper, the driving assembly being movably provided on the screening structure, driving the scraper to reciprocate so as to push the materials on the screening structure to move along the screening structure, and the driving assembly having deformation allowance, such that the scraper can move in a vertical direction relative to the screening structure. The screening device has lower operating costs.

Description

screening device

technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of mechanical equipment, and in particular, to a screening device.

Background technique

In the industrial production process, many scenarios require material screening. Material screening is mainly divided into screening according to bulk density and screening according to particle size. Most of the screening scenarios are screening according to particle size. Existing material screening equipment is usually screened by a vibrating screen. The existing vibrating screen requires a drive mechanism to vibrate the screen to make the material on the screen vibrate to achieve screening. The power and energy that this vibration screening needs to consume is huge, which results in a huge waste of energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a screening device to at least partially solve the above problems.

According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a screening device is provided, comprising: a screening structure, a screening gap is provided on the screening structure for materials to pass through, and a multi-stage width gradually increases along the advancing direction of the material in the screening structure. There is a screening gap to screen out materials of different particle sizes; the conveying mechanism includes a driving component and a scraper. The driving component is movably arranged on the screening structure and drives the scraper to move back and forth to push the materials on the screening structure. Moving along the screening structure, the driving assembly has a deformation allowance, so that the scraper can move in a vertical direction relative to the screening structure.

Optionally, the screening gap includes a screen channel, the length direction of the screen channel is consistent with the advancing direction of the material, and the screen channel runs through along the advancing direction of the material.

Optionally, in the vertical direction, the width of the cross-section of the screening gap gradually increases.

Optionally, the screening structure includes a strip-shaped member and a strip-shaped connector, the strip-shaped members are multiple and are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the screen channel, and a screen channel is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped components, and the strip-shaped connector is formed. respectively connected with the strip parts.

Optionally, the side walls of the two adjacent strip members facing each other form a screen channel, and there is an included angle between the side wall and the bearing surface of the screening structure for carrying materials, and the value range of the included angle is 90° minus The self-locking angle of the material.

Optionally, the screening structure is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the height of the first end of the screening structure is higher than the height of the second end of the screening structure. If the volumetric capacity of the material is greater than the set value, the conveying mechanism drives the material from the first end to the second end. end mobile.

Optionally, if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to the set value, the conveying mechanism drives the material to move from the second end to the first end.

Optionally, the screening device further includes a feeding structure, the position of the feeding structure is adjustable above the screening structure, if the volumetric capacity of the material is greater than the set value, the feeding structure is located above the first end of the screening structure, or , if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to the set value, the feeding structure is located above the second end of the screening structure.

Optionally, there are at least two sets of drive assemblies, the at least two sets of drive assemblies are disposed on the screen structure at intervals along the width direction of the screen structure, and the scrapers are connected between the adjacent two groups of drive assemblies and drive the assemblies to move at any time.

Optionally, the drive assembly includes a chain and a sprocket, the chain includes a plurality of chain links hinged in sequence, and the chain is wound around the sprocket, or the drive assembly includes a belt and a pulley, and the belt is wound around the pulley.

With the screening device of this embodiment, the screening structure of the screening device can be installed on any suitable fixture, and a screening gap is provided on the screening structure, so that the materials that can pass through the screening gap can move from the screening gap when moving along the screening structure. The material that falls, and cannot pass through, continues to move along the screening structure until it falls from the end of the screening structure, thus realizing the screening and sorting of the material. Because multiple screening gaps of different widths are set along the advancing direction of the material, it is possible to screen materials of various particle sizes or volumes, thereby improving the screening efficiency and reducing the screening cost.

Since the drive assembly of the conveying mechanism has a deformation allowance, the scraper can move a certain amount in the vertical direction relative to the screening structure, so that the scraper can pass the scraper if it encounters a material obstruction during the movement of the scraper along the screening structure. The displacement of itself is avoided, which ensures the smooth operation of the conveying mechanism and reduces the power required by the screening device.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present application schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present application.

1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a screening device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic top-view structural diagram of the cooperation between the screening structure and the conveying mechanism of the screening device according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the screening structure of the screening device according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the batching device of the feeding structure of the screening device according to the embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numbers:

11. Screening gap; 12. Strip-shaped parts; 13. Strip-shaped connecting parts; 20. Conveying mechanism; 21. Driving components; 22. Scraper; 30. Feeding structure; 31. Dispenser; Outlet channel.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described above are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the embodiments of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , the embodiment of the present application provides a screening device, which includes a screening structure and a conveying mechanism 20. The screening structure is provided with a screening gap 11 for materials to pass through and is arranged along the advancing direction of the screening structure There are multi-stage screening gaps 11 with gradually increasing widths to screen out materials of different particle sizes; the conveying mechanism 20 includes a drive assembly 21 and a scraper 22. The drive assembly 21 is movably arranged on the screening structure and drives the scraper 22. The reciprocating movement is used to push the material on the screening structure to move along the screening structure, and the driving component 21 has a deformation allowance, so that the scraper 22 can move in the vertical direction relative to the screening structure.

The screening structure of the screening device can be installed on any suitable fixture, and a screening gap 11 is provided on the screening structure, so that the materials that can pass through the screening gap 11 can fall from the screening gap 11 when moving along the screening structure, and The material that cannot pass continues to move along the screening structure until it falls from the end of the screening structure, thus realizing the screening and sorting of the material. Because a plurality of screening gaps 11 of different widths are set along the advancing direction of the materials, it is possible to screen materials of various particle sizes or volumes, thereby improving screening efficiency and reducing screening costs.

In this embodiment, the material continuously falls on the screening structure, in order to prevent the material located in the lower layer with larger particle size or volume (referred to as large material) from affecting the upper material with smaller particle size or volume (referred to as small material for short). ) to form a block and cause the small materials to not fall and cause the problem of poor screening effect, a conveying mechanism 20 is set on the screening structure, and the drive assembly 21 of the conveying mechanism 20 drives the scraper 22 to move along the screening structure, so that the material is moved by the scraper 22 Push and move, so that small materials have the opportunity to move to the screening gap 11, and thus fall, and do not need to make the material move up and down frequently in the vertical direction like the existing vibrating screen, thus saving energy and reducing The power demand not only ensures the screening effect, but also does not require a large power source, and helps to save carbon and reduce emissions.

Since the drive assembly 21 of the conveying mechanism 20 has a deformation allowance, the scraper 22 can be displaced in the vertical direction relative to the screening structure by a certain amount. It can be avoided by the displacement of the scraper 22 itself, which ensures the smooth operation of the conveying mechanism 20 and reduces the power required by the screening device.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned large materials and small materials are relatively speaking. Taking the width of the screening gap 11 at the location of the material as the boundary, the materials that can pass through the screening gap 11 at the location can be considered as small materials. , those that cannot pass are considered as large materials.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the screening device further includes a casing and a feeding structure 30 arranged on the casing. The shape, material, etc. of the housing can be determined as required, as long as an accommodation cavity for installing the screening structure and the conveying mechanism 20 can be formed. For example, it can be a metal material or a plastic material with sufficient hardness or the like.

In this embodiment, in order to meet the requirements of feeding materials from different positions, the position of the feeding structure 30 is adjustable and arranged above the screening structure. If the volumetric capacity of the material is greater than the set value, the feeding structure 30 is located at the first position of the screening structure. Above one end, or, if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to the set value, the feed structure 30 is located above the second end of the screening structure. In this way, by adjusting the position of the feeding structure 30, the positions of the materials entering the shell that initially fall on the screening structure are different, so that they move in different advancing directions, and then the effect of gravity on the movement of the materials is different, so as to ensure different The screening effect of materials with bulk density is better, thereby improving the adaptability of the screening device.

For example, for materials with a bulk density such as coal greater than the set value, the feed structure 30 is located above the first end, and for materials with a bulk density such as garbage less than or equal to the set value, the feed structure 30 is located above the second end. The set value may be determined as required, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In an example, an elongated opening is provided on the top wall of the housing, and the length direction of the opening is consistent with the length direction of the screening structure. The feeding structure 30 is movably disposed on the casing, and the accommodating cavity of the feeding port casing of the feeding structure 30 is communicated. By adjusting the position of the feeding structure 30 on the casing, the projected position of the feeding port on the screening structure can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the landing point of the material.

Specifically, the housing is provided with a first locking fitting, and the feeding structure 30 is provided with a second locking fitting. When the feeding structure 30 is moved in place, the first locking fitting and the second locking fitting are locked to each other, Thereby, the limit of the feeding structure 30 is realized. The first locking fitting and the second locking fitting may be mutually matched snaps, or magnets, or bolt and screw hole assemblies, or the like.

In order to make the movement of the feeding structure 30 more reliable, a guide groove can be provided on the casing, and the feeding structure 30 is provided with a roller matched with it, so that the roller and the guide groove can cooperate to guide the movement of the feeding structure 30.

In another example, a plurality of different openings are provided on the top wall of the housing, and the feeding structure 30 can be installed at the opening positions of the corresponding positions as required, so as to realize the adjustment of the position of the feeding port. Alternatively, each opening is provided with a feeding structure 30, and a feeding structure 30 at an appropriate position can be selected to transport materials according to needs.

The feed structure 30 may be a hopper. Alternatively, the feed structure 30 includes a feed housing, a doser 31 disposed in the feed housing. Wherein, the feeding shell includes a first side wall and a second side wall, and the first side wall and the second side wall are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the screening structure. There is a first included angle between the first side wall and the top wall of the shell, a second included angle between the second side wall and the top wall of the shell, and the value of the second included angle is 90° minus the material Self-locking angle. The dosing device 31 is arranged between the first side wall and the second side wall. The dosing device 31 includes a dosing shaft and at least two dosing spiral sections with opposite directions of rotation. The axial surface of the dosing shaft is connected to the first and second side walls. The width of the blanking gap formed between them is greater than or equal to the maximum particle size of the material. The batching spiral section is used to disperse the material along the axial direction of the batching shaft, so that the material will be more uniformly dispersed in its width direction when it falls on the screening structure.

Optionally, in order to match the feeding structure 30 in different positions, the screening device further includes a rotating platform, which is arranged in the housing, and the screening structure and the conveying mechanism 20 are arranged on the rotating platform. When the feeding structure 30 is located in FIG. 1 , When the right side is shown, the rotation angle of the rotating platform is 0°, and the part with the smallest width of the screening gap 11 on the screening structure is located below the feeding structure 30, so that after the material falls on the screening structure, the screen gap 11 is screened along the advancing direction. The width gradually increases. When the feeding structure 30 is located on the left side as shown in FIG. 1 , the rotation angle of the rotating platform is 180° to ensure that the part with the smallest width of the screening gap 11 on the screening structure is still located below the feeding structure 30 .

Optionally, both ends of the screening structure can also be respectively connected with height adjustment mechanisms, and the heights of the two ends can be adjusted respectively through the height adjustment mechanisms. The height adjustment mechanism is, for example, a hydraulic telescopic rod or the like.

For different materials, the screening structure can set different forms of screening gaps 11 . For example, in order to reduce energy consumption, for materials without crushing requirements, the screening gap 11 includes a sieve channel, the length direction of the sieve channel is consistent with the advancing direction of the material, and the sieve channel runs through along the advancing direction of the material. Since the sieve channel runs through along the advancing direction of the material, when the scraper 22 pushes the material to move in the advancing direction, there is no stopper caused by the screening structure in front of the material, so that even if the material is stuck on the sieve channel, it will not fall off. The scraper 22 only needs to exert a force that can overcome the friction to the material to move the stuck material, so the scraper 22 does not need to exert a force on the material to break the material (the force required to break the material is far greater. due to friction), so the power required by the scraper 22 can be reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption.

In addition, since the scraper 22 can move in the vertical direction relative to the screening structure, there is a "flexible" fit between the scraper 22 and the screening structure, so that even if the power of the scraper 22 is not enough to overcome the frictional force, the The plate 22 moves in the vertical direction to avoid the stuck material, so that the conveying mechanism 20 can run smoothly.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent the falling materials from being blocked in the screening gap 11 , as shown in FIG. 3 , in the vertical direction, the width of the cross section of the screening gap 11 gradually increases. The screening gap 11 with this structure ensures the smoothness of the materials that can fall through the screening gap 11, and the problem that the screening gap 11 is blocked by small materials will not occur, thereby reducing the cost of device maintenance and improving the reliability of operation. sex.

In a feasible manner, in order to facilitate processing and reduce processing costs, the screening structure includes strip-shaped parts 12 and strip-shaped connecting parts 13. There are multiple strip-shaped parts 12 and are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the screen channel, adjacent to each other. A screen channel is formed between the two strip-shaped parts 12, and the strip-shaped connecting parts 13 are respectively connected with the strip-shaped parts 12.

The strip-shaped member 12 can be made of any appropriate material, such as metal material, alloy material, etc., and it can be a rod or a plate-shaped member. A plurality of strip-shaped members 12 can be arranged at intervals in sequence, so that a screen channel is formed between the side walls of two adjacent strip-shaped members 12 . The strip-shaped connector 13 is connected to the strip-shaped part 12, and the connection position of the strip-shaped connector 13 on the strip-shaped part 12 is lower than the set distance of the material bearing surface of the strip-shaped part 12 (the set distance can be greater than or equal to the set distance). The width of the screen channel at the position), so as to ensure that the material will not be resisted by the bar-shaped connecting piece 13 when moving on the strip-shaped member 12, so as to ensure that even if there is material stuck in the screen channel, it will not increase the scraper 22. If the running resistance is too large, the scraper 22 only needs to be able to provide a force that overcomes its frictional force to move the material. However, if the material is in an environment that can provide a reverse shear force opposite to the advancing direction, the scraper 22 needs to provide a force sufficient to crush the material to ensure the smooth operation of the device, which will greatly increase the power demand for the scraper 22. This leads to a significant increase in operating costs.

As shown in Figure 3, a cross-sectional view of a screening structure is shown. At the cross section, the connecting position of the strip connecting member 13 and the strip member 12 is at the bottom surface of the strip member 12, and the distance H from the top surface (that is, the material bearing surface) of the strip member 12 is greater than the width W of the screen channel.

In this embodiment, the width W of the sieve passage is all the width at the position where the width of the uppermost end of the sieve passage in the vertical direction is the smallest. Of course, in other embodiments, the width W of the sieve channel can also be appropriately selected as the reference at different positions of the sieve channel, which is not limited.

Optionally, in order to gradually increase the width of the screen channel in the vertical direction, the side walls of the two adjacent strip members 12 facing each other form a screen channel, and the side walls and the bearing surface of the screening structure for carrying materials are formed between the side walls. It has an included angle α, and the value range of the included angle α is 90° minus the self-locking angle of the material. Since the value range of the included angle α of the side wall of the strip member 12 is 90° minus the self-locking angle of the material, the force-bearing structure of the material in the sieve channel can be optimized, so that when the material is located in the sieve channel, if it is When the side wall of the strip part 12 is in contact, the friction force between the material and the side wall can be automatically digested by the gravity of the material, so that the material's own gravity can ensure that it will not be arched in the sieve channel, thus ensuring that the material smoothness of fall.

Preferably, in order to further reduce operating costs and improve economy, the screening structure is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the height of the first end of the screening structure is higher than the height of the second end of the screening structure. If the volumetric capacity of the material is greater than the set value, the conveyor mechanism 20 drives the material to move from the first end to the second end.

The set value may be determined as required, which is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the set value is the bulk density of plastic waste.

Since the fluidity of a material with a larger bulk density is better than that of a material with a smaller bulk density, it moves from the first end with a higher height to the second end with a lower height during its movement, so that a part of the gravity of the material can be It is used to overcome the friction force, so that the scraper 22 can push the material more effortlessly, thus reducing the running cost.

Preferably, in order to improve the screening efficiency and screening effect, for materials whose bulk density is less than the set value, if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to the set value, the conveying mechanism 20 drives the material to move from the second end to the first end.

Since the fluidity of materials with small bulk density (such as plastic waste) is relatively poor, in order to ensure sufficient screening, the materials are moved along the second end with a lower height to the first end with a higher height, so that the material can move In the process of screening, the speed is relatively slow, and the number of times of flipping on the screening structure is more, so that the material with smaller particle size or volume has a greater probability of contacting the screen, so that it can be screened out, which fully solves the problem of small bulk density. The material is easy to stick, which makes it difficult to screen.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the material can be pushed reliably so that it can move smoothly along the screening structure, there are at least two sets of driving components 21 , and at least two sets of driving components 21 are arranged on the screening structure at intervals along the width direction of the screening structure. On the top, the scraper 22 is connected between the adjacent two groups of driving assemblies 21, and drives the assemblies 21 to move at any time.

For example, in a specific implementation, there are two groups of driving assemblies 21, and they are arranged on both sides of the screen structure in a one-to-one correspondence in the width direction, and the scrapers 22 are connected between the two groups of driving assemblies 21. The drive assembly 21 can reliably drive the scraper 22, so that the scraper 22 can move smoothly and is not easy to tilt.

In this embodiment, the drive assembly 21 includes a chain and a sprocket, the chain includes a plurality of chain links hinged in sequence, and the chain is wound around the sprocket. The sprocket can be driven by a motor or the like, thereby driving the sprocket and the chain to move. Since the chain links are hinged to each other, the chain links can move relative to each other in the vertical direction, so that the driving assembly 21 has a certain deformation allowance. When the plate 22 touches the material stuck in the sieve, the deformation allowance of the driving component 21 can make the scraper 22 move up and down, so that when the force of the scraper 22 is not enough to push the material to move, the scraper 22 can pass through the deformation of the scraper 22. Move up and down to avoid stuck material. In this way, not only the scraper 22 can move normally, the smooth operation of the screening can be ensured without the scraper 22 having great power, but also broken materials can be avoided. Since the scraper 22 needs a small driving force to ensure smooth operation, the operating cost is greatly reduced, and since the scraper 22 will not be subjected to a large reverse force exerted by the material, it also helps to improve the service life. .

Alternatively, in another embodiment, the drive assembly 21 includes a belt and a pulley, and the belt is wound around the pulley. The pulley can be driven by a motor, thereby moving the pulley and belt. The belt itself also has a certain deformation ability, so the driving of the scraper 22 can also be realized by the belt, and the scraper 22 can be avoided by vertical movement when encountering the stuck material. In this way, the next scraper 22 can continue to avoid or push the stuck material until the material is finally pushed.

The materials screened for different widths of the sieve channels can be directly discharged from the corresponding outlet below, thus realizing fast, efficient and low-cost screening.

It should be noted that the above description takes the sieve channel as an example. In other embodiments, the material to be crushed can also be screened through the sieve hole. The difference between the sieve hole and the sieve channel is that the sieve hole can provide shearing to the material. shear force to break when it gets stuck. For materials that cannot be crushed, the scraper 22 can be used to avoid the smooth operation of the equipment, and the next scraper 22 can continue to crush the materials until the materials are crushed.

The materials falling from the screening gap can enter the discharge channel 40 to be discharged through the discharge channel 40 .

It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above descriptions are only illustrative specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A screening device, characterized in that it comprises:

A screening structure, the screening structure is provided with a screening gap (11) for the material to pass through, and a multi-stage screening gap (11) with a gradually increasing width is provided along the advancing direction of the material in order to screen out Materials of different particle sizes;

A conveying mechanism (20), the conveying mechanism (20) includes a drive assembly (21) and a scraper (22), the drive assembly (21) is movably arranged on the screening structure, and drives the scraper (22) reciprocating movement to push the material on the screening structure to move along the screening structure, and the drive assembly (21) has a deformation allowance, so that the scraper (22) can be vertical relative to the screening structure direction move.
The screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the screening gap (11) comprises a screen channel, the length direction of the screen channel is consistent with the advancing direction of the material, and the screen channel is along the material. forward direction through.
The screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the vertical direction, the width of the cross section of the screening gap (11) gradually increases.
The screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the screening structure comprises a strip-shaped part (12) and a strip-shaped connecting piece (13), and the strip-shaped parts (12) are plural and arranged along the screen The width directions of the channels are arranged at intervals in sequence, the sieve channel is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped components (12), and the strip-shaped connecting pieces (13) are respectively connected to the strip-shaped components (12).
The screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the side walls of two adjacent strip-shaped members (12) facing each other form the screen channel, and the side walls and the screening structure are used for carrying There is an included angle (α) between the bearing surfaces of the material, and the value range of the included angle (α) is 90° minus the self-locking angle of the material.
The screening device according to claim 1, wherein the screening structure is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, the height of the first end of the screening structure is higher than the height of the second end of the screening structure, if the content of the material is If it is greater than the set value, the conveying mechanism (20) drives the material to move from the first end to the second end.
The screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that, if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to a set value, the conveying mechanism (20) drives the material from the second end to the first end move.
The screening device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, the screening device further comprises a feeding structure (30), and the feeding structure (30) is arranged above the screening structure in an adjustable position. If the bulk density of the material is greater than the set value, the feeding structure (30) is located above the first end of the screening structure, or, if the bulk density of the material is less than or equal to the set value, the feed structure (30) is located above the first end of the screening structure. The feed structure (30) is located above the second end of the screen structure.
The screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are at least two groups of the drive assemblies (21), and the at least two groups of drive assemblies (21) are arranged on the screen structure at intervals along the width direction of the screen structure Above, the scraper (22) is connected between two adjacent groups of the driving assemblies (21), and the driving assemblies (21) move at any time.
The screening device according to claim 9, wherein the drive assembly (21) comprises a chain and a sprocket, the chain comprises a plurality of chain links hinged in sequence, and the chain is wound around the sprocket, or, The drive assembly (21) includes a belt and a pulley, and the belt is wound around the pulley.