WO2022188103A1 - 数据采集方法、装置、计算设备以及存储介质 - Google Patents
数据采集方法、装置、计算设备以及存储介质 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
Definitions
- the present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of digital factories, and more particularly, to a data acquisition method, apparatus, computing device, and storage medium.
- the present invention proposes a data collection method for collecting data points from field devices more efficiently.
- a data collection method comprising: generating a list of data points to be collected from a field device; respectively performing the following operations for each data point in the list: an address of the data point Perform parsing to determine the value of the area type, DB offset, byte offset and bit offset in the address; according to the area type, the DB offset, the byte offset and the bit offset Calculate the order indicator of the data point by using the first predetermined rule; according to the value of the region type, the DB offset and the byte offset, use the second predetermined rule to calculate the grouping of the data point indicator; all data points are ordered according to the calculated ordering indicator for each data point; based on the grouping indicator and byte length of each data point and the length of the protocol data unit of the field device, the ordering will be All subsequent data points are divided into groups; and a data request is sent for each group of data points.
- dividing all sorted data points into multiple groups includes: traversing all data points starting from the first data point, When the length of the section is less than or equal to the length of the protocol data unit and the number of divided groups is the smallest, calculate the sum of the byte lengths of all groups under different grouping methods, and use the grouping method with the smallest sum of the byte lengths.
- the data points are grouped.
- the data point grouping unit is further configured to: traverse all data points starting from the first data point, if the byte length of each divided group is less than or equal to the length of the protocol data unit and the number of divided groups is the least, calculate the sum of the byte lengths of all groups under different grouping methods, and use the grouping method with the smallest sum of the byte lengths to the data. Click to group.
- a computing device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor, the memory for storing instructions, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor When executed by the processor, the processor is caused to execute the method as described above.
- a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to perform the method as described above.
- a computer program comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform the method as described above.
- a computer program product tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one A processor executes the method as described above.
- a general data model that can describe data points of different field devices is defined, and a plurality of data points are divided into several groups based on the information extracted from the data points. Combining several data points in a group can reduce the number of data requests, thereby improving communication efficiency; in addition, selecting a way to group the data points in a way that minimizes the sum of the byte lengths of all the divided groups can reduce the number of data requests including invalid bytes, thereby further improving the communication efficiency.
- the method and device according to the present invention fully consider the similarity and difference of data points of different devices, and have good compatibility.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an exemplary process of a data collection method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary configuration of a data acquisition apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a computing device 300 implementing data collection in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Data acquisition device 202 Data point list generation unit
- Data point information processing unit 206 Data point sorting unit
- Data point grouping unit 210 Data request unit
- the term “including” and variations thereof represent open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to”.
- the term “based on” means “based at least in part on”.
- the terms “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” mean “at least one embodiment.”
- the term “another embodiment” means “at least one other embodiment.”
- the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other definitions, whether explicit or implicit, may be included below. The definition of a term is consistent throughout the specification unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
- the present invention proposes a data collection method for collecting data points from field devices more efficiently.
- Collecting data from field devices is usually based on socket communication, which includes two steps: 1) sending a data request to the field device; 2) reading a data response from the field device. Through these two steps, the user can obtain the data of each data point of the field device.
- Data points are variables with physical meaning stored in field devices, such as temperature, humidity, etc. According to the data collection method of the present disclosure, multiple data points can be combined in one data request, which can reduce the number of data requests sent to field devices, thereby improving communication efficiency.
- improving communication efficiency includes two aspects. On the one hand, the number of data requests is reduced as much as possible; when the first aspect is satisfied, the total payload byte length is further reduced. To reduce the number of data requests, data points with similar addresses in device memory can be combined into one data request.
- a data point model that can describe data points of different devices is proposed, and the data point model includes information that can describe the similarity of the addresses of the data points.
- data point model defined in the present disclosure, for example, information such as data point name, data point address, source data type, destination data type, data transformation and the like may be included.
- information such as data point name, data point address, source data type, destination data type, data transformation and the like may be included.
- the specific meaning of each piece of information is explained in detail below.
- data point addresses are described in the following manner, and a data point address includes attributes: area type, DB offset, byte offset, and bit offset.
- the area type represents the station ID of the device; for PLC devices, the area type represents different data areas, such as M, I, Q, DB areas in some PLCs.
- the DB offset can also have different meanings for different devices.
- the DB offset represents the object type, such as coils, discrete inputs, holding registers, and input registers, etc.; for some PLCs, the DB offset represents the DB offset number, such as DB1, DB2; and for other PLCs , the DB offset can be set to 0.
- Bit offset represents the bit offset within the byte.
- the metadata type represents the data type defined in a field device.
- the data types defined in the same field device are usually the same, such as bool, char, byte, short, int, word, dword, long, string, etc.
- the byte length of a data point can be determined.
- the data types defined in the IT system or cloud platform are usually the same in the same IT system or cloud platform, such as bool, int, double, long, string, etc.
- the storage location of a data point can be determined. Therefore, the data point model includes at least two pieces of information, the data point address and the source data type.
- the data point model may also include information such as data point name, destination data type, and data transformation.
- data of many data points may be collected from one field device, and the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can group the plurality of data points, and a data request includes a request for a group of multiple data points, This can reduce the number of data requests and improve communication efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an exemplary process of a data collection method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the list includes information for multiple data points that the user wants to collect from the field device.
- the edge device may have an engineering tool to configure the list of data points to be collected from the field device.
- the engineering tool can be, for example, a web user interface or a PC client.
- Each data point in the generated list of data points conforms to the data point model defined above.
- step S104 the following operations are respectively performed for each data point in the list.
- the address of the data point is parsed, and the values of the area type, DB offset, byte offset and bit offset in the address are determined.
- the data point address in the data point list is a character string representing address information. By parsing the character string, the values of the above attributes can be obtained.
- a data point in the Modbus device has an address of 1.40001.1.
- the attribute value of the data point address can be obtained as follows:
- zone type 1 (workstation ID)
- an ordering indicator can be calculated based on the values of the region type, DB offset, byte offset, and bit offset.
- the rank indicator is defined as a 64-bit number, and the following formula is used to calculate the rank indicator for the data point.
- ordering indicator area type ⁇ 48 + DB offset ⁇ 32 + byte offset * 8 * data unit + bit offset
- the symbol " ⁇ n" indicates that a value is shifted to the left by n bits for storage, and the data unit indicates the actual changed byte size when the byte offset of the address of the field device changes by 1.
- Different field devices may have different data units. For example, some devices actually change 1 byte when the byte offset of the address changes by 1, while some devices actually change 2 bytes when the byte offset of the address changes by 1. bytes, so the byte offset is multiplied by one data unit when calculating the sort indicator.
- the ordering indicator is calculated based on the values of region type, DB offset, byte offset, and bit offset, so it can be used to evaluate the similarity between addresses of different data points.
- the grouping indicator can be calculated based on the values of the region type, DB offset, and byte offset.
- the grouping indicator is also defined as a 64-bit number, and the following formula is used to calculate the grouping indicator for the data point.
- grouping indicator area type ⁇ 48 + DB offset ⁇ 32 + byte offset * data unit
- the grouping indicator is the information that can be used when grouping data points, which does not contain the information of the bits in the address, because the information of the bits is not considered when grouping, and again, the byte offset here is also multiplied by the data unit .
- step S106 all data points are sorted according to the calculated sorting indicator of each data point.
- all data points are sorted in ascending order of their addresses.
- the data points sorted in this way are arranged in order of addresses from small to large.
- step S108 all the sorted data points are divided into groups based on the grouping indicator and byte length of each data point and the length of the protocol data unit of the field device.
- all sorted data points can be grouped in the following way.
- PDU lengths of field devices using different communication protocols may be different, and each field device has its standard PDU (Protocol Data Unit) length.
- PDU Protocol Data Unit
- the addresses between the addresses of two adjacent data points store invalid data irrelevant to the data to be requested. Such addresses are invalid. If the data request sent to the field device contains many such invalid addresses, Then the obtained data will include more invalid data, which reduces the communication efficiency. Therefore, it is desirable to include as few invalid addresses as possible in data requests. By minimizing the sum of the byte lengths of all the divided groups, it can be achieved that all data point groups include as few invalid addresses as possible, which can further improve communication efficiency.
- the data points are divided into M groups.
- the byte length of group m is: the grouping indicator of data point E + the byte length of data point E - Grouping indicator for data point S.
- the byte length of each group can be calculated, and then the sum of the byte lengths of all groups can be calculated.
- All data points are traversed from the first data point, and under the condition that the byte length of each divided group is less than or equal to the PDU length and the number of divided groups is the least, calculate all groups in different grouping methods respectively.
- the sum of the byte lengths of , and finally the data points are grouped by the grouping method with the smallest sum of byte lengths.
- step S110 a data request for each group of data points is sent to the field device.
- the address of the starting data point and the total byte length from the starting data point to the ending data point can be known. Based on these two parameters, the data points of a group can be combined in one read request Send data requests to field devices.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary configuration of a data acquisition apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the data collection apparatus 200 includes: a data point list generation unit 202 , a data point information processing unit 204 , a data point sorting unit 206 , a data point grouping unit 208 , and a data request unit 210 .
- the data point list generation unit 202 is configured to generate a list of data points to be collected from the field device.
- the data point information processing unit 204 is configured to perform the following operations for each data point in the list:
- the DB offset, the byte offset and the bit offset using a first predetermined rule to calculate the ordering indicator of the data point;
- a grouping indicator for the data point is calculated using a second predetermined rule based on the values of the region type, the DB offset and the byte offset.
- the data point sorting unit 206 is configured to sort all data points according to the calculated sorting indicator for each data point.
- the data point grouping unit 208 is configured to divide all of the ordered data points into groups based on the grouping indicator and byte length of each data point and the length of the protocol data unit of the field device.
- the data request unit 210 is configured to send a data collection request for each group of data points.
- the data point grouping unit 208 is further configured to: traverse all data points starting from the first data point, if the byte length of each divided group is less than or equal to the length of the protocol data unit In the case of the minimum length and the number of divided groups, the sum of the byte lengths of all groups in different grouping modes is calculated, and the data points are grouped by using the grouping mode with the smallest sum of the byte lengths.
- sort indicator area type ⁇ 48+DB offset ⁇ 32+byte offset*8*data unit+bit offset.
- the data unit represents the actual changed byte size when the byte offset of the address of the field device changes by 1.
- the details of the operations and functions of the various parts of the data collection apparatus 200 may be the same as or similar to the relevant parts of the embodiment of the data collection method 100 of the present disclosure described with reference to FIG. 1 , for example, and will not be described in detail here.
- a general data model that can describe data points of different field devices is defined, and a plurality of data points are divided into several groups based on the information extracted from the data points. Combining several data points in a group can reduce the number of data requests, thereby improving communication efficiency; in addition, selecting a way to group the data points in a way that minimizes the sum of the byte lengths of all the divided groups can reduce the number of data requests including invalid bytes, thereby further improving the communication efficiency.
- the method and device according to the present invention fully consider the similarity and difference of data points of different devices, and have good compatibility.
- Each unit of the above-mentioned data acquisition device may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by software or a combination of hardware and software.
- computing device 300 may include at least one processor 302 that executes at least one computer-readable instruction (ie, the above-described in software form) stored or encoded in a computer-readable storage medium (ie, memory 304 ). implemented elements).
- processor 302 that executes at least one computer-readable instruction (ie, the above-described in software form) stored or encoded in a computer-readable storage medium (ie, memory 304 ). implemented elements).
- a non-transitory machine-readable medium may have machine-executable instructions (ie, the above-described elements implemented in software) that, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform various embodiments of the present disclosure above in conjunction with FIGS. 1-2 Various operations and functions are described.
- a computer program comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform each of the various embodiments of the present disclosure described above in connection with FIGS. 1-2 operations and functions.
- a computer program product comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform the various embodiments of the present disclosure described above in connection with FIGS. 1-2 Various operations and functions.
- the device structure described in the above embodiments may be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some units may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some units may be implemented by multiple physical entities respectively, or may be implemented by multiple physical entities. Some components in separate devices are implemented together.
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Claims (12)
- 数据采集方法,包括:生成要从现场设备采集的数据点的列表;针对所述列表中的每一个数据点分别执行以下操作:对该数据点的地址进行解析,确定所述地址中的区域类型、DB偏移、字节偏移和位偏移的值;根据所述区域类型、所述DB偏移、所述字节偏移和所述位偏移的值,利用第一预定规则计算该数据点的排序指示符;根据所述区域类型、所述DB偏移和所述字节偏移的值,利用第二预定规则计算该数据点的分组指示符;按照所计算的每个数据点的排序指示符,对所有数据点进行排序;基于每个数据点的分组指示符和字节长度以及所述现场设备的协议数据单元的长度,将排序后的所有数据点划分为多个组;以及向所述现场设备发送针对每一组数据点的数据请求。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,将排序后的所有数据点划分为多个组包括:从第一个数据点开始对所有数据点进行遍历,在满足所划分的每个组的字节长度小于或等于所述协议数据单元的长度并且划分的组的数目最少的情况下,分别计算不同分组方式下所有组的字节长度的总和,采用所述字节长度的总和最小的分组方式对所述数据点进行分组。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述第一预规则为:排序指示符=区域类型<<48+DB偏移<<32+字节偏移*8*数据单位+位偏移,其中,所述数据单位表示当所述现场设备的地址的字节偏移改变1时,实际改变的字节大小。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述第二预规则为:分组指示符=区域类型<<48+DB偏移<<32+字节偏移*数据单位,其中,所述数据单位表示当所述现场设备的地址的字节偏移改变1时,实际改变的字节大小。
- 数据采集装置,包括:数据点列表生成单元,被配置为生成要从现场设备采集的数据点的列表;数据点信息处理单元,被配置为针对所述列表中的每一个数据点执行以下操作:对该数据点的地址进行解析,确定所述地址中的区域类型、DB偏移、字节偏移和位偏移的值;根据所述区域类型、所述DB偏移、所述字节偏移和所述位偏移的值,利用第一预定规则计算该数据点的排序指示符;根据所述区域类型、所述DB偏移和所述字节偏移的值,利用第二预定规则计算该数据点的分组指示符;数据点排序单元,被配置为按照所计算的每个数据点的排序指示符,对所有数据点进行排序;数据点分组单元,被配置为基于每个数据点的分组指示符和字节长度以及所述现场设备的协议数据单元的长度,将排序后的所有数据点划分为多个组;以及数据请求单元,被配置为针对每一组数据点发送数据采集请求。
- 如权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述数据点分组单元进一步被配置为:从第一个数据点开始对所有数据点进行遍历,在满足所划分的每个组的字节长度小于或等于所述协议数据单元的长度并且划分的组的数目最少的情况下,计算不同分组方式下所有组的字节长度的总和,采用所述字节长度的总和最小的分组方式对所述数据点进行分组。
- 如权利要求5或6所述的装置,其中,所述第一预规则为:排序指示符=区域类型<<48+DB偏移<<32+字节偏移*8*数据单位+位偏移,其中,所述数据单位表示当所述现场设备的地址的字节偏移改变1时,实际改变的字节大小。
- 如权利要求5或6所述的装置,其中,所述第二预规则为:分组指示符=区域类型<<48+DB偏移<<32+字节偏移*数据单位,其中,所述数据单位表示当所述现场设备的地址的字节偏移改变1时,实际改变的字节大小。
- 计算设备(700),包括:至少一个处理器(702);以及与所述至少一个处理器(702)耦合的一个存储器(704),所述存储器用于存储指令,当所述指令被所述至少一个处理器(702)执行时,使得所述处理器(702)执行如权利要求1到4中任意一项所述的方法。
- 一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质,其存储有可执行指令,所述指令当被执行时使得所述机器执行如权利要求1到4中任意一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机程序,包括计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的方法。
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US20180322400A1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-08 | Servicenow, Inc. | Time series data forecasting |
CN112286706A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 北京邮电大学 | 安卓应用的应用信息远程快速获取方法及相关设备 |
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US20180322400A1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-08 | Servicenow, Inc. | Time series data forecasting |
CN108037725A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | 一种读写plc数据的方法和装置 |
CN112286706A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 北京邮电大学 | 安卓应用的应用信息远程快速获取方法及相关设备 |
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