WO2022183976A1 - 一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法与系统 - Google Patents

一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法与系统 Download PDF

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WO2022183976A1
WO2022183976A1 PCT/CN2022/077860 CN2022077860W WO2022183976A1 WO 2022183976 A1 WO2022183976 A1 WO 2022183976A1 CN 2022077860 W CN2022077860 W CN 2022077860W WO 2022183976 A1 WO2022183976 A1 WO 2022183976A1
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battery
current
percentage
remaining
remaining power
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PCT/CN2022/077860
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English (en)
French (fr)
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于嘉
胡文
黄金华
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翱捷科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022183976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022183976A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a method for measuring the remaining power of a battery of an electronic device (eg, a mobile terminal, etc.).
  • the power detection method based on coulombmeter is a commonly used and relatively accurate battery remaining power detection method in mobile terminals.
  • the method is to use the coulomb counter to detect the power consumption during the system operation, and then according to the initial power of the system and the rated capacity of the battery (rated capacity) capacity) to calculate the percentage of remaining battery power of the mobile terminal.
  • the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a method for measuring the remaining capacity of a battery based on a coulomb counter, using the effective capacity of the battery to replace the rated capacity of the battery; at the same time, the current effective capacity of the battery is automatically calculated and updated during the operation of the system; The error in calculating the percentage of remaining power due to the rated capacity of the battery.
  • Step S10 Collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the remaining battery power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a numerical table corresponding to the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, called a (P, V) table.
  • Step S20 After the system is started, the electronic device calculates the total amount of used battery power Qc of the battery during system operation several times at intervals according to the initial battery remaining power percentage Pc and the effective battery capacity Qt of the system operation .
  • Step S30 After the system is started, the electronic device calculates the current remaining power percentage P of the battery several times at intervals according to the current total amount of battery power Q, the total amount of used battery power Q c when the system is running, and the effective battery capacity Q t .
  • Step S40 After each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery, determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table.
  • step S20 If they are equal or close, find the V i that is closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table, record the value of P i corresponding to this V i as P i ', and calculate the new effective capacity of the battery Q t '; then update the value of Q t with the value of Q t ', and then go back to step S20. If not equal or close, add the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values, and then go back to step S20 .
  • the above method can calculate and update the effective capacity Q t of the battery in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of measuring the remaining capacity of the battery.
  • the (P, V) table is generated by collecting data under a brand-new battery and a nominal typical application environment; or, the (P, V) table is generated by using the battery discharge characteristic curve provided by the battery manufacturer. data generated.
  • This is an exemplary calculation method for calculating the total amount of power Q c used by the battery when the system is running.
  • step S30 formula 2 is used to calculate; formula 2 is ; Q is obtained by the coulomb counter when the system is running. This is an exemplary calculation method for calculating the current remaining power percentage P of the battery.
  • formula 3 is used to calculate the new effective capacity Q t ' of the battery; formula 3 is ; Find the V i closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table, and the value of P i corresponding to this V i is P i '. This is an exemplary calculation method for calculating the new effective capacity Qt ' of the battery.
  • the battery rated capacity Q e and the battery discharge characteristic curve are stored in the electronic device. This facilitates mathematical operations or numerical comparisons, condition judgments, and the like.
  • the present application also provides a second embodiment of a method for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter, which includes the following steps.
  • Step S10 Collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the remaining battery power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a numerical table corresponding to the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, called a (P, V) table.
  • Step S50 After the system is started, the electronic device reads the current battery voltage V, and estimates the current remaining battery power P at intervals according to the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • Step S60 after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery, determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table.
  • step S50 If they are equal or close, find the V i that is closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table , update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve with the value of P i corresponding to this V i , and then return to step S50. If they are not equal or close, add the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V as a pair of (P i , V i ) values to the (P, V) table, and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve , and then return to step S50.
  • the above method can calculate and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of measuring the remaining battery power.
  • the present application also proposes a first embodiment of a system for measuring remaining battery power based on a coulomb counter, including a collection unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, and a first update unit.
  • the collection unit is used to collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the battery remaining power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a corresponding numerical table between the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, which is called a (P, V) table .
  • the first calculation unit is used to calculate the total amount of used battery power Qc of the battery during system operation multiple times at intervals according to the initial battery remaining power percentage P c and the effective battery capacity Q t of the system after the system of the electronic device is started.
  • the second calculation unit is used to calculate the battery at intervals according to the current total amount of battery power Q, the total used battery power Q c and the effective battery capacity Q t when the system is running after the system of the electronic device is started.
  • the current remaining power percentage P The current remaining power percentage P.
  • the first update unit is used to determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery. If they are equal or close, find the V i that is closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table, record the value of P i corresponding to this V i as P i ', and calculate the new effective capacity of the battery Q t '; then update the value of Qt with the value of Qt '.
  • the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V are added to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values.
  • the above system can calculate and update the effective capacity Q t of the battery in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of measuring the remaining capacity of the battery.
  • the second calculation unit adopts formula two to calculate; formula two is ; Q is obtained by the coulomb counter when the system is running.
  • the first update unit uses formula 3 to calculate the new effective capacity Q t ' of the battery; formula 3 is ; Find the V i closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table, and the value of P i corresponding to this V i is P i '. This is an exemplary calculation method for calculating the total amount of used power Q c of the battery, the current remaining power percentage P of the battery, and the new effective capacity Q t ′ of the battery when the system is running.
  • the present application also proposes a second embodiment of a system for measuring remaining battery power based on a coulomb counter, including a collection unit, an estimation unit and a second update unit.
  • the collection unit is used to collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the battery remaining power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a corresponding numerical table between the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, which is called a (P, V) table .
  • the estimating unit is used to read the current battery voltage V after the system of the electronic device is started, and estimate the current remaining battery power P for several times at intervals according to the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • the second update unit is used to determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery. If they are equal or close, find the Vi closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V ) table, and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve with the value of Pi corresponding to this Vi . If it is not equal or close, the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V are added to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values to update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • the above system can calculate and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of measuring the remaining capacity of the battery.
  • the technical effect achieved by the present application is to improve the calculation accuracy of the percentage of remaining battery power, especially in the application scenario where the effective capacity of the battery changes greatly due to factors such as battery aging and environmental temperature changes.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of Embodiment 1 of the method for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the method for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a system for measuring remaining battery power based on a coulomb counter proposed in the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a system for measuring remaining battery power based on a coulomb counter proposed in the present application.
  • 10 is a collection unit; 20 is a first calculation unit; 30 is a second calculation unit; 40 is a first update unit; 50 is an estimation unit; 60 is a second update unit.
  • Embodiment 1 of the method for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter of the present application includes the following steps.
  • Step S10 Collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the remaining battery power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a numerical table corresponding to the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, called a (P, V) table.
  • the (P, V) table is generated, for example, by collecting data under a brand new battery and nominally typical application environment (eg temperature, etc.). Alternatively, the (P, V) table is generated using data from the battery discharge characteristic curve provided by the battery manufacturer.
  • Table 1 is an example of a (P,V) table.
  • Column P records a series of remaining battery percentages
  • column V records a series of current battery voltages corresponding to a certain P value.
  • the values of column P in the (P, V) table are respectively referred to as P i
  • the values of column V are respectively referred to as Vi
  • the value of i ranges from 1 to N, preferably in ascending or descending order of a certain column.
  • P i is a series of different values of the percentage of remaining battery power, as a trigger value for recalculating the effective capacity of the battery.
  • Step S20 After the system is started, the electronic device calculates the total amount of used battery power Q c of the battery during system operation at intervals (preferably periodically) according to the initial battery remaining power percentage P c and the battery effective capacity Q t in the system operation .
  • the calculation method is, for example, formula 1.
  • P c is a known parameter.
  • Q t is the effective capacity of the battery, which refers to the total amount of electricity that the battery can currently use for the user, and its initial value is Q e .
  • Q e is the rated capacity of the battery, using the nominal capacity of the battery when it leaves the factory, and Q e is a known parameter.
  • steps S10 and S20 are not strictly limited, and the two can be performed arbitrarily before or at the same time.
  • Step S30 after the system is started, the electronic device calculates at intervals multiple times (preferably periodically) according to the current total amount of battery power Q, the total amount of battery used power Q c when the system is running, and the effective battery capacity Q t The current remaining power percentage P of the battery.
  • the calculation method is, for example, formula 2.
  • the second formula is .
  • Q can be obtained by the coulomb counter when the system is running.
  • Q is the sum of the currently used battery power obtained by using the coulomb counter
  • Q c is the total used battery power when the system is running, which is dynamically calculated using the (P, V) table and the current battery effective capacity Q t .
  • Q Qc . If the two are not equal, it means that Q t is inaccurate, and Q t needs to be corrected by calculation, that is, the content of the following step S40.
  • Step S40 After each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery, determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table.
  • the proximity is, for example, within the range of plus or minus 10% of a certain P i value in the (P, V) table, and the specific percentage value can be adjusted according to the actual application environment.
  • step S20 If they are equal or close, find the V i that is closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table, record the value of P i corresponding to this V i as P i ', and calculate the new effective capacity of the battery Q t '. The value of Q t is then updated with the value of Q t ', and then returns to step S20.
  • the calculation method is, for example, formula 3.
  • Formula three is .
  • step S20 If not equal or close, add the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values, and then go back to step S20 .
  • the first embodiment of the above method will repeatedly calculate the current battery remaining power percentage P from the start of the system, and dynamically calculate and update the current battery effective capacity Q t during this process, so that a more accurate current battery remaining power percentage P can be obtained.
  • the rated battery capacity Q e and the battery discharge characteristic curve are stored in the electronic device in the form of a program binary file.
  • the battery discharge characteristic curve is generally provided by the battery manufacturer as part of the product specification, and can also be measured by itself.
  • the (P, V) table in this application can be understood as a dynamically updated version of the battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • the traditional battery discharge characteristic curve is static, reflecting the state of the battery in the characteristic test environment at the factory. In the present application, the (P, V) table will be continuously updated along with the system operation of the electronic device, so that the current state of the battery can be reflected at any time.
  • the second embodiment of the method for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter of the present application includes the following steps.
  • Step S10 Collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the remaining battery power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a numerical table corresponding to the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, called a (P, V) table.
  • Step S50 After the system is started, the electronic device reads the current battery voltage V, and estimates the current remaining battery power P at intervals (preferably periodically) according to the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • Step S60 after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery, determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table.
  • step S50 If they are equal or close, find the V i that is closest to the current battery voltage V in the (P, V) table , update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve with the value of P i corresponding to this V i , and then return to step S50.
  • step S50 If they are not equal or close, add the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V as a pair of (P i , V i ) values to the (P, V) table, and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve , and then return to step S50.
  • the second embodiment of the above method will repeatedly calculate the current remaining battery power percentage P from the start of the system, and dynamically calculate and update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve during this process, so that a more accurate current remaining battery power percentage P can be obtained.
  • the periodicity in the step S20, the step S30, and the step S50 is performed, for example, in a period of 10 seconds.
  • Embodiment 1 of the system for measuring the remaining power of a battery based on a coulomb counter of the present application includes a collection unit 10 , a first calculation unit 20 , a second calculation unit 30 and a first update unit 40 , which is the same as the method shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first embodiment corresponds to.
  • the collection unit 10 is used to collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the battery remaining power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a corresponding numerical table of the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, which is called (P, V) surface.
  • the first calculation unit 20 is used to calculate the system running time multiple times at intervals (preferably periodically) according to the initial battery remaining power percentage P c and the effective battery capacity Q t of the system after the system of the electronic device is started.
  • the battery has used the total amount of charge Q c .
  • the calculation method is, for example, formula 1.
  • the second calculation unit 30 is used to, after the system of the electronic device is started, according to the current total amount of battery power Q used, the total amount of used battery power Q c and the effective battery capacity Q t when the system is running, at intervals ( It is preferable to calculate the current remaining power percentage P of the battery periodically).
  • the calculation method is, for example, formula 2.
  • the first updating unit 40 is configured to determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery.
  • the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V are added to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values.
  • the first embodiment of the above system will repeatedly calculate the current remaining battery power percentage P from the start of the system, and dynamically calculate and update the current battery effective capacity Q t during this process, so that a more accurate current remaining battery power percentage P can be obtained.
  • Embodiment 2 of the system for measuring remaining battery power based on a coulomb meter of the present application includes a collection unit 10 , an estimation unit 50 and a second update unit 60 , which corresponds to Embodiment 2 of the method shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the collection unit 10 is used to collect different values of the battery voltage V under different values of the battery remaining power percentage P of the electronic device, and generate a corresponding numerical table of the battery remaining power percentage and the battery voltage, which is called (P, V) surface.
  • the estimation unit 50 is used for reading the current battery voltage V after the system of the electronic device is started, and estimating the current remaining battery power P at intervals (preferably periodically) according to the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • the second updating unit 60 is used to determine whether it is equal to or close to a certain P i in the (P, V) table after each calculation of the current remaining power percentage P of the battery.
  • the current remaining battery percentage P and the corresponding current battery voltage V are added to the (P, V) table as a pair of (P i , V i ) values to update the pre-stored battery discharge characteristic curve.
  • the present application provides a method for measuring the percentage of remaining battery power based on coulomb counting, in which the current battery remaining capacity percentage P is calculated based on the current effective capacity Q t of the battery; the current remaining battery percentage P and the battery voltage V are dynamically recorded during operation.
  • a series of battery power percentage values P i are preset as trigger conditions; when the trigger conditions are met, based on the historical data (P, V) table of the remaining battery power percentage and voltage corresponding relationship, dynamically calculate and update the current
  • the effective capacity of the battery Q t during the operation of the system, the current effective capacity of the battery Q t can be repeatedly calculated and updated to accurately reflect the current capacity of the battery.
  • the present application improves the calculation accuracy of the percentage of remaining battery power, especially in the application scenario where the effective capacity of the battery changes greatly due to factors such as battery aging and changes in ambient temperature.

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Abstract

一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，包括：步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成(P，V)表；步骤S20：根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c；步骤S30：电子设备在系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、Q c以及Q t，间隔性地多次计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P；步骤S40：判断P是否与(P，V)表中的某个P i相等或接近，如果是，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'，用Q t'的值更新Q t的值，然后回到步骤S20；如果否，更新(P，V)表，然后回到步骤S20。还包括一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统。这种方法和系统能够提高测量电池剩余电量的准确性。

Description

一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法与系统 技术领域
本申请涉及一种测量电子设备（例如移动终端等）的电池剩余电量的方法。
 背景技术
随着手机等移动终端的发展，移动终端的剩余电量百分比显示是否精确，直接影响到使用者的体验。基于库仑计（coulombmeter）的电量检测方法是移动终端中常用的、较为精确的电池剩余电量检测方法。该方法是在系统运行中利用库仑计检测所消耗的电量，再根据系统开始运行的初始电量和电池额定容量（rated capacity），计算出移动终端的电池剩余电量百分比。
然而随着电池充放电循环次数的增加，外界环境的改变（例如环境温度等），电池的有效容量（effective capacity）往往会明显低于电池的额定容量，此时若仍然按照电池额定容量来计算电池的剩余电量，将会出现较大误差。
 技术问题
本申请所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，使用电池有效容量来代替电池额定容量；同时在系统运行过程中自动计算和更新当前电池有效容量；以解决由于使用电池额定容量而导致在计算剩余电量百分比时出现的误差。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提出了一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例一，包括如下步骤。步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。步骤S20：电子设备在系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c。步骤S30：电子设备在系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P。步骤S40：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值，然后回到步骤S20。如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，然后回到步骤S20。上述方法能够实时计算并更新电池有效容量Q t，从而提高测量电池剩余电量的准确性。
进一步地，所述步骤S10中，（P，V）表是在全新电池以及标称典型应用环境下采集数据生成的；或者，（P，V）表是使用电池厂商提供的电池放电特性曲线中的数据生成的。这是获取（P，V）表的两种常见方式。
进一步地，所述步骤S20中，采用公式一计算；公式一为Q c＝(1－P c)×Q t；P c为已知参数；Q t是电池有效容量，初始值为电池额定容量Q e。这是计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c的一种示例性的计算方式。
进一步地，所述步骤S30中，采用公式二计算；公式二为
Figure 385082dest_path_image001
；Q为系统运行时通过库仑计获得。这是计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P的一种示例性的计算方式。
进一步地，所述步骤S40中，采用公式三计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；公式三为
Figure 302223dest_path_image002
；在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，该V i对应的P i值为P i'。这是计算电池新的有效容量Q t'的一种示例性的计算方式。
进一步地，在电子设备中保存电池额定容量Q e以及电池放电特性曲线。这样便于进行数学运算或者进行数值比对、条件判断等。
本申请还提出了一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例二，包括如下步骤。步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。步骤S50：电子设备在系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次估算出当前电池剩余电量P。步骤S60：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50。如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50。上述方法能够实时计算并更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，从而提高测量电池剩余电量的准确性。
本申请还提出了一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例一，包括采集单元、第一计算单元、第二计算单元和第一更新单元。所述采集单元用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。所述第一计算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c。所述第二计算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P。所述第一更新单元用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值。如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中。上述系统能够实时计算并更新电池有效容量Q t，从而提高测量电池剩余电量的准确性。
进一步地，所述第一计算单元采用公式一计算；公式一为Q c＝(1－P c)×Q t；P c为已知参数；Q t是电池有效容量，初始值为电池额定容量Q e。所述第二计算单元采用公式二计算；公式二为
Figure 81960dest_path_image001
；Q为系统运行时通过库仑计获得。所述第一更新单元采用公式三计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；公式三为
Figure 414852dest_path_image002
；在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，该V i对应的P i值为P i'。这是计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c、电池当前剩余电量百分比P、电池新的有效容量Q t'的示例性的计算方式。
本申请还提出了一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例二，包括采集单元、估算单元和第二更新单元。所述采集单元用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。所述估算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次估算出当前电池剩余电量P。所述第二更新单元用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线。如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线。上述系统能够实时计算并更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，从而提高测量电池剩余电量的准确性。
有益效果
本申请取得的技术效果是提高了电池剩余电量百分比的计算精度，特别在由于电池老化、环境温度变化等因素导致电池有效容量变化较大的应用情景下。
 附图说明
图1是本申请提出的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例一的流程图。
图2是本申请提出的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例二的流程图。
图3是本申请提出的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例一的结构示意图。
图4是本申请提出的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例二的结构示意图。
图中附图标记说明：10为采集单元；20为第一计算单元；30为第二计算单元；40为第一更新单元；50为估算单元；60为第二更新单元。
 本发明的实施方式
请参阅图1，本申请基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例一包括如下步骤。
步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。（P，V）表例如是在全新电池以及标称典型应用环境（例如温度等）下采集数据生成的。或者，（P，V）表是使用电池厂商提供的电池放电特性曲线中的数据生成的。
P V
100% 4.2
90% 4.1
80% 4.02
…… ……
表1  （P，V）表
请参阅表1，这是（P，V）表的一个示例。P列记录一系列电池剩余电量百分比，V列记录一系列与某个P值对应的当时的电池电压。将（P，V）表中的P列的值分别称为P i，V列的值分别称为V i，i的取值范围从1至N，优选按照某一列的升序或降序排列。P i为一系列电池剩余电量百分比的不同取值，作为重新计算电池有效容量的触发值。
步骤S20：电子设备在系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c。
计算方式例如采用公式一。公式一为Q c＝(1－P c)×Q t。公式一中，P c为已知参数。Q t是电池有效容量，是指电池当前可以为用户使用的电量的总和，其初始值为Q e。Q e是电池额定容量，采用电池出厂时的标称容量（nominal capacity），Q e为已知参数。
上述步骤S10与步骤S20的顺序没有严格限制，两者可以任意在先，或者同时进行。
步骤S30：电子设备在系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P。
计算方式例如采用公式二。公式二为
Figure 229225dest_path_image001
。公式二中，Q可在系统运行时通过库仑计获得。
Q是使用库仑计得到的当前已使用的电池电量总和，Q c是使用（P，V）表以及当前电池有效容量Q t动态计算出来的系统运行时电池已使用电量总和。理想情况，Q＝Q c。如果两者不等，那就说明Q t不准确，需要通过计算来修正Q t，也就是下面的步骤S40的内容。
步骤S40：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。所述接近例如是在（P，V）表中的某个P i值的正负10%的范围内，具体百分比数值可以根据实际应用环境而调整。
如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'。随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值，然后回到步骤S20。
计算方式例如采用公式三。公式三为
Figure 51687dest_path_image002
。
如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，然后回到步骤S20。
上述方法的实施例一从系统启动开始将反复地计算当前电池剩余电量百分比P，并在此过程中动态计算和更新当前电池有效容量Q t，从而能获得较为精确的当前电池剩余电量百分比P。
优选地，在电子设备中以程序二进制文件的形式保存电池额定容量Q e以及电池放电特性曲线。电池放电特性曲线一般由电池厂商作为产品说明书的一部分提供，也可以自行测量得到。本申请中的（P,V）表可以理解为动态更新版的电池放电特性曲线。传统的电池放电特性曲线是静态的，反映了电池在出厂时特性测试环境下的状态。而本申请随着电子设备的系统运行，将不断更新（P,V）表，从而能随时反映电池的当前状态。
请参阅图2，本申请基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法的实施例二包括如下步骤。
步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。
步骤S50：电子设备在系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）估算出当前电池剩余电量P。
步骤S60：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。
如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50。
如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50。
上述方法的实施例二从系统启动开始将反复地计算当前电池剩余电量百分比P，并在此过程中动态计算和更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，从而能获得较为精确的当前电池剩余电量百分比P。
优选地，所述步骤S20、步骤S30、步骤S50中的周期性，例如按照10秒的周期进行。
请参阅图3，本申请基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例一包括采集单元10、第一计算单元20、第二计算单元30和第一更新单元40，与图1所示方法的实施例一相对应。
所述采集单元10用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。
所述第一计算单元20用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c。计算方式例如采用公式一。
所述第二计算单元30用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P。计算方式例如采用公式二。
所述第一更新单元40用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。
如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'。随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值。计算方式例如采用公式三。
如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中。
上述系统的实施例一从系统启动开始将反复地计算当前电池剩余电量百分比P，并在此过程中动态计算和更新当前电池有效容量Q t，从而能获得较为精确的当前电池剩余电量百分比P。
请参阅图4，本申请基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统的实施例二包括采集单元10、估算单元50和第二更新单元60，与图2所示方法的实施例二相对应。
所述采集单元10用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表。
所述估算单元50用来在电子设备的系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次（优选为周期性地）估算出当前电池剩余电量P。
所述第二更新单元60用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近。
如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线。
如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线。
本申请提供了一种基于库仑计的电池剩余电量百分比测量方法，其中使用当前电池有效容量Q t为基础来计算当前电池剩余电量百分比P；运行时动态记录当前电池剩余电量百分比P与电池电压V的对应关系；预设一系列电池电量百分比值P i为触发条件；当触发条件满足时，以电池剩余电量百分比和电压对应关系的历史数据（P，V）表为基础，动态计算并更新当前电池有效容量Q t；在系统运行期间，当前电池有效容量Q t可以被反复的计算和更新，准确反映电池的当前容量。本申请提高了电池剩余电量百分比的计算精度，特别在由于电池老化、环境温度变化等因素导致电池有效容量变化较大的应用情景下。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例，并不用于限定本申请。对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，包括如下步骤；
    步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表；
    步骤S20：电子设备在系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c；
    步骤S30：电子设备在系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P；
    步骤S40：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近；
    如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值，然后回到步骤S20；
    如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，然后回到步骤S20。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，所述步骤S10中，（P，V）表是在全新电池以及标称典型应用环境下采集数据生成的；或者，（P，V）表是使用电池厂商提供的电池放电特性曲线中的数据生成的。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，所述步骤S20中，采用公式一计算；公式一为Q c＝(1－P c)×Q t；P c为已知参数；Q t是电池有效容量，初始值为电池额定容量Q e。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，所述步骤S30中，采用公式二计算；公式二为
    Figure dest_path_image002
    ；Q为系统运行时通过库仑计获得。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，所述步骤S40中，采用公式三计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；公式三为
    Figure dest_path_image004
    ；在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，该V i对应的P i值为P i'。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，在电子设备中保存电池额定容量Q e以及电池放电特性曲线。
  7. 一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的方法，其特征是，包括如下步骤；
    步骤S10：采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表；
    步骤S50：电子设备在系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次估算出当前电池剩余电量P；
    步骤S60：每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近；
    如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50；
    如果不相等也不接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线，然后回到步骤S50。
  8. 一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统，其特征是，包括采集单元、第一计算单元、第二计算单元和第一更新单元；
    所述采集单元用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表；
    所述第一计算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据系统运行初始电池剩余电量百分比P c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c；
    所述第二计算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，根据当前已使用的电池电量总和Q、系统运行时电池已使用电量总和Q c以及电池有效容量Q t，间隔性地多次计算电池当前剩余电量百分比P；
    所述第一更新单元用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近；
    如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并将该V i对应的P i值记为P i'，计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；随后用Q t'的值更新Q t的值；
    如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统，其特征是，所述第一计算单元采用公式一计算；公式一为Q c＝(1－P c)×Q t；P c为已知参数；Q t是电池有效容量，初始值为电池额定容量Q e；
    所述第二计算单元采用公式二计算；公式二为
    Figure 231548dest_path_image002
    ；Q为系统运行时通过库仑计获得；
    所述第一更新单元采用公式三计算电池新的有效容量Q t'；公式三为
    Figure 148689dest_path_image004
    ；在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，该V i对应的P i值为P i'。
  10. 一种基于库仑计测量电池剩余电量的系统，其特征是，包括采集单元、估算单元和第二更新单元；
    所述采集单元用来采集电子设备的电池剩余电量百分比P的不同取值下的电池电压V的不同取值，生成电池剩余电量百分比与电池电压的对应数值表，称为（P，V）表；
    所述估算单元用来在电子设备的系统启动后，读取当前电池电压V，根据预存的电池放电特性曲线间隔性地多次估算出当前电池剩余电量P；
    所述第二更新单元用来在每次计算出电池当前剩余电量百分比P后，判断是否与（P，V）表中的某个P i相等或接近；
    如果相等或接近，就在（P，V）表内找到与当前电池电压V最接近的V i，并以该V i对应的P i值更新预存的电池放电特性曲线；
    如果不相等或接近，则将电池当前剩余电量百分比P以及对应的当前电池电压V作为一对（P i，V i）值加入到（P，V）表中，更新预存的电池放电特性曲线。
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