WO2022171731A1 - Procédé de transmission d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau électrique et compteur électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau électrique et compteur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022171731A1
WO2022171731A1 PCT/EP2022/053224 EP2022053224W WO2022171731A1 WO 2022171731 A1 WO2022171731 A1 WO 2022171731A1 EP 2022053224 W EP2022053224 W EP 2022053224W WO 2022171731 A1 WO2022171731 A1 WO 2022171731A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
data
delivery
network
withdrawal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/053224
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Dehm
Ulrich Reiner
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
Hager Electro Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag, Hager Electro Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Audi Ag
Priority to EP22708814.3A priority Critical patent/EP4292293A1/fr
Publication of WO2022171731A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022171731A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2204/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of tariff-metering apparatus
    • G01D2204/10—Analysing; Displaying
    • G01D2204/12—Determination or prediction of behaviour, e.g. likely power consumption or unusual usage patterns
    • G01D2204/125—Utility meter reading systems specially adapted for determining the environmental impact of user behaviour
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2204/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of tariff-metering apparatus
    • G01D2204/10—Analysing; Displaying
    • G01D2204/16—Displaying of utility pricing or cost
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2204/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of tariff-metering apparatus
    • G01D2204/30—Remote utility meter reading systems specially adapted for metering the generated energy or power
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
    • G01D4/002—Remote reading of utility meters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting electrical energy via an electrical network.
  • a delivery quantity of electrical energy e.g. measured in kWh
  • a withdrawal quantity of electrical energy is withdrawn from the network via a withdrawal meter by at least one withdrawal device and in the process, a respective counter register is adjusted in the removal counter, i.e. e.g. counted up.
  • a counter register can also be provided in a central server facility, e.g.
  • the invention also relates to an electricity meter (electricity measuring instrument) which can be operated as a withdrawal meter.
  • a meter register can be provided locally at a network connection and/or centrally in a server facility, because there are two energy meter variants in the energy industry: The standard load profile measurement SLP with tariff registers locally in the meter (standard customer).
  • an energy register is assigned a tariff (e.g. reference tariff day/night, feed-in tariff PV).
  • a tariff e.g. reference tariff day/night, feed-in tariff PV.
  • RLM power meter count
  • the power measurement series is stored in the meter over days, months or another period in 15-minute resolution and sent regularly to the server of the energy supplier, which then creates the electricity bill based on the respective tariff at the time of purchase.
  • the measurement will be carried out using electronic meters or so-called smart meters, which can send the measurement data to a server device via a communication device.
  • electronic meters or so-called smart meters which can send the measurement data to a server device via a communication device.
  • These devices also allow the load or meter reading to be measured and transmitted to a server facility with a resolution of less than 15 minutes.
  • Electricity meters today usually only have a single register for recording the electricity supply around the clock. With day-night tariffs, electricity meters with several registers are available today, with only one of the registers being active at the time. Register switching is based on tariff times. In the case of PV feed-in systems (PV - photovoltaics), there are registers that count depending on the direction of current flow in the respective register. Today it is not possible to activate several registers at the same time with the same current flow direction. Today, two or more meters are sometimes installed for different electricity tariffs at the same time, which the individual extraction devices can use to record their extraction quantity separately. An example of this is the company car billing with its own electricity tariff.
  • Another problem with an electricity measuring instrument or electricity meter with only one currently active register is that it is not possible to distinguish which type of energy (e.g. green electricity or electricity from a nuclear power plant) is currently being taken from the electricity meter for accounting purposes. This can therefore only be specified once when concluding an energy supply contract with the energy supplier (so-called electricity mix of the energy supplier). If you want to change the type of energy or get energy from different sources at the same time, i.e. different energy concerns, in a mix, this cannot be managed or adjusted dynamically.
  • type of energy e.g. green electricity or electricity from a nuclear power plant
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • a delivery device such as a wind turbine
  • a wind turbine can signal that it can currently supply electrical power and this signal is used to start a corresponding consumer, such as a washing machine.
  • WO 2019/110739 A1 describes an identification device for an energy generation plant, which is provided for the clear identification of amounts of electrical energy generated by the energy generation plant. Due to the digital identification, the customer can see from which energy generation plant the electrical energy provided to him originates. The digital identification of the amount of energy produced is mapped as shared accounting data, specifically as data blocks of a block chain. The labeling therefore only has an accounting effect, there is no technical coordination of the energy source and the consumer to the effect that the energy fed in and the energy drawn is actually the same energy. A consumer could also be operated at a time when the energy source is not running at all, but a different energy source is running.
  • the invention is based on the object of being able to operate a withdrawal device (device that draws energy from an electrical network) flexibly with regard to the type of energy of the withdrawn or drawn energy and to be able to prove the type of energy/origin/emission values of the consumption of the withdrawal device .
  • the invention makes it possible to provide evidence of the type of energy to which the energy that a drawing device draws from the electrical network actually corresponds at the moment. For example, it can be proven that a withdrawal device drew energy from the grid in exactly the period of time at which a delivery device actually fed in energy of a specified type of energy, for example wind energy. So can dem Removal device are credited or assigned that it has consumed energy of this type of energy or keeps stored.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a method for transmitting electrical energy via an electrical network (e.g. a public electricity network or a household network), in which case in a transmission process from at least one delivery device (energy source or energy store) a delivery quantity of energy of a respectively specified type of energy is transferred via a respective delivery meter is fed into the network and during which a withdrawal amount of energy is withdrawn from the network via a withdrawal meter by at least one withdrawal device and a respective meter register is adjusted in the withdrawal meter and/or in a central server device.
  • an electrical network e.g. a public electricity network or a household network
  • a delivery quantity of energy of a respectively specified type of energy is transferred via a respective delivery meter is fed into the network and during which a withdrawal amount of energy is withdrawn from the network via a withdrawal meter by at least one withdrawal device and a respective meter register is adjusted in the withdrawal meter and/or in a central server device.
  • SLP local meter register
  • the combination of the power measurement series of the withdrawal device (drawing device) or feed-in device with the type of energy and origin is not “only” in the meter register of the withdrawal meter, but also or alternatively in a "backend register", i.e. a meter register of a control center (e.g. Energy suppliers, flexibility platform), i.e. in a central server facility, and can then be called up there for balancing, invoicing, and proof.
  • a backend register i.e. a meter register of a control center (e.g. Energy suppliers, flexibility platform), i.e. in a central server facility, and can then be called up there for balancing, invoicing, and proof.
  • the term type of energy is to be understood in particular as meaning the type of source for the energy, for example energy from a regenerative energy source (so-called green electricity) or energy from nuclear or fossil fuels (so-called gray electricity) or in further detail, for example: wind energy, solar energy , gas power, coal power, nuclear power.
  • the type of energy can also indicate the energy price (price per kilowatt hour) and/or the energy provider (system operator of the at least one delivery device), e.g. type of energy and origin (e.g. your own PV system with feed-in tariff xy ct/kWh) .
  • the type of energy can be specified as a specific amount of emissions, eg CO2 amount per kWh, and/or the total amount of emissions emitted during energy production, eg the amount of CO2 (carbon dioxide).
  • the method is based on the known arrangement of at least one dispensing device, an electrical network and the at least one removal device.
  • the respective delivery device can be connected in a manner known per se to the electrical network via a common or a respective electricity meter, which is referred to here as a delivery meter because it records the amount of energy delivered into the network (delivery amount) during the process.
  • the at least one extraction device can be connected to the network via a common or a respective electricity meter, this electricity meter being referred to as an extraction meter because it records an amount of energy withdrawn from the network.
  • An energy source for example a power plant or a photovoltaic system/PV system or a wind power plant
  • an energy store for example a battery of an electric vehicle or a stationary store or a pumped-storage power plant
  • a delivery device for example a battery of an electric vehicle or a stationary store or a pumped-storage power plant
  • An energy consumer for example an air conditioning system or a heating system or a production plant
  • an electrical energy store for example an electric battery of an electric vehicle or a hydrogen generator or a pumped storage power plant
  • the electrical network can be a public power network (so-called central power network) or an electrical network, for example for isolated operation and/or a household and/or an industrial plant and/or a microgrid.
  • Said respective meter register in the removal meter can be implemented digitally, i.e. the amount of energy removed (removal quantity) can be measured in the removal meter and specified as a digital meter value, for example in the unit of kilowatt hours (kWh).
  • An electricity meter can be operated alternately as a withdrawal meter and as a delivery meter.
  • the delivery quantity of a specific delivery device e.g. a specific photovoltaic system
  • the delivery quantity of a specific delivery device does not have to be the same as the withdrawal quantity. This means that a direct assignment of the delivery quantity and the withdrawal quantity is not possible. If, for example, a delivery device fails, this does not change the withdrawal quantity because the network will compensate for the failure, because other delivery devices can still be in operation on the network.
  • certificate data or confirmation data to be recorded from the respective delivery meter at predetermined times during the transmission process and provided to the extraction counter and/or the server device in order to update the respective counter register.
  • the confirmation data describe the previously recorded or dispensed quantity of the respective at least one dispensing device, as recorded or measured by the dispensing counter.
  • Another name for a single record of confirmation data is also “ticket” or EOl tag (EOI - Energy Origin Indicator).
  • That portion of the recorded withdrawal quantity that is confirmed by the confirmation data of the respective dispensing device is registered in a respective separate counter register.
  • This separate meter register is assigned to the respective delivery device and/or the energy type of the delivery device.
  • the value of the energy quantity of the respective dispensing device and/or the respective type of energy is therefore registered in the counter register.
  • the confirmation data thus confirms that the at least one delivery device has actually successfully delivered energy of the specified type of energy into the network, while the withdrawal counter has recorded the amount of energy withdrawn from the network. Since the confirmation data is passed or transmitted to the withdrawal counter, the Allocate the extraction meter the amount of energy it records to the delivery device and/or types of energy that are actually being successfully fed into the grid at the same time.
  • the confirmation data is transmitted in real time, ie during the exchange of energy. Provision can therefore be made for the withdrawal quantity not to be booked or not recorded in a specified counter register as long as or if the associated confirmation data is missing. Instead, in this case, a default register or compensation register can be used to record the amount of energy, which will be described below.
  • the confirmation data is only provided once or unambiguously or individually for one withdrawal meter, i.e. not for two withdrawal meters, so that the energy of a specified type of energy fed in by a single delivery device cannot be evaluated or taken into account a second time at any other withdrawal meter.
  • the extraction counter receives the energy quantity X as the extraction quantity and the confirmation data signals that at least one delivery device has received the energy quantity X/2 (X half) of the energy type E1 (e.g. energy from wind power) and the energy quantity X/2 of the energy type E2 (e.g.
  • a counter register for energy type E1 can be increased or counted by energy amount X/2 and another counter register for energy type E2 by energy amount X/2 in the withdrawal counter.
  • This changing of the counter reading is referred to as “registering” here, since the associated counter value memory is referred to here as a counter register or, in short, as a register, as is customary in the prior art.
  • Energy is therefore not counted twice, but on the other hand it can be provided that several consumers or withdrawal devices in general (via different withdrawal counters and/or meter registers) simultaneously draw energy from one and the same generator or delivery device in general and/or vice versa supply several delivery devices to one withdrawal device. So that energy can be delivered from one delivery device to several withdrawal devices at the same time and the type of energy is confirmed or verified for all withdrawal devices and/or their individual withdrawal meters and/or their individual meter registers, it is preferably provided that different confirmation data are sent separately from the delivery meter, in where the recorded delivery quantity is sent proportionately for several different recipient devices.
  • the proportionate distribution can take place in such a way that either the withdrawal capacity (kW) provided for and/or confirmed by the respective withdrawal device is set in relation to the total output capacity of the delivery device (e.g. 1 kW of a total of 3 kW results in a share of 1/3) and/or the respective removal counter and/or the respective removal device confirms a received amount of energy and the ratio of the received amount of energy to the delivery amount determines the proportion (eg 1 kWh of a total of 3 kWh results in a proportion of 1/3). This prevents energy from being counted or registered twice even if a number of withdrawal devices are being supplied at the same time by the same dispensing device.
  • the confirmation logic described can also be used with only one extraction device. If a blockchain is available, it can be used as a confirmation device.
  • the invention has the advantage that the confirmation data is used to coordinate at least one delivery meter and the withdrawal meter in such a way that a delivery quantity of energy of a specified type of energy is actually fed into the grid, while a corresponding withdrawal quantity of energy is withdrawn via the withdrawal meter and is assigned to this type of energy, so that the delivery of energy from the at least one delivery device and the withdrawal of energy by at least one withdrawal device can be evaluated or counted as belonging together or coordinated. It can thus be stated that the at least one extraction device has actually consumed energy of the respective type of energy or is storing it.
  • an electric battery an other name for electrochemical accumulator
  • the claim can be derived from this, for example, to return or sell the energy from this energy store with regard to the percentage P1% on the conditions for energy type E1 and the percentage P2% on the conditions for energy type E2, e.g. with a certain CO2 -Emission value and/or a certain origin.
  • such an energy store is charged to 50 percent (generally P1%) with energy from a regenerative energy source (generally energy type E1) as a withdrawal device, this can now be proven by means of the withdrawal counter and a corresponding amount of energy of, for example, N kWh from the energy store as energy of the energy type E1 are released again, for example sold, although the energy store itself has not produced or generated the energy of this type of energy itself.
  • a regenerative energy source generally energy type E1
  • the invention also includes embodiments that result in additional advantages.
  • One embodiment includes that during the transmission process several delivery devices simultaneously feed in a respective delivery amount of energy of a different type of energy and in the withdrawal counter the withdrawal amount corresponding to the sum of the delivery amounts is registered in several meter registers divided according to energy type and/or delivery device.
  • several registers are active in such a way that the amount of energy withdrawn is not only registered in a single counter register, but the quantity value of the withdrawn amount is distributed over several counter registers. If, for example, an energy quantity of N kWh is received and the confirmation data from the delivery meters indicate that a certain proportion, for example N/4 kWh, can be assigned to energy type E1 and the remaining proportion, i.e.
  • One embodiment includes that a number of extraction devices each simultaneously extract part of the extraction quantity from the network via the extraction counter. It is thus also possible to operate a number of extraction devices on the network at the same time and to record the total amount of energy extracted (amount of extraction) using a single or common extraction meter. As described above, each extraction device can even be supplied with energy that is allocated to a different type of energy.
  • One embodiment includes that at the end of the transmission process or after the transmission process, acknowledgment data (receipt ticket or receipt tag) relating to the respective delivery quantity of the respective delivery device and/or the respective type of energy for the respective extraction device are generated. In this way, it can be verified for the tapping device which type of energy was used to operate the tapping device.
  • two extraction devices can be operated with different types of energy, for example an extraction device using energy of an energy type E1, e.g. regenerative energy source, and an extraction device using energy of an energy type E2, e.g. from a power plant for gray electricity.
  • One embodiment includes that before the transmission process from the respective removal device, a signal is received by the removal counter and/or server device, which indicates via which counter register and/or which type of energy the respective removal device wants to receive the energy from the network in the transmission process. Ie. the respective withdrawal device announces which type of energy or which delivery device it wants to use.
  • the acknowledgment data are generated using the respective corresponding counter register for the respective removal device. In other words can be selected by the extraction device or by a user of the extraction device, which type of energy is to be used in the operation of the respective extraction device.
  • One embodiment includes that the respective extraction device temporarily stores the extracted energy and later releases it again as a delivery device, thereby signaling to a delivery meter by means of the acknowledgment data which delivery quantity of which type of energy is delivered.
  • the respective extraction device temporarily stores the extracted energy and later releases it again as a delivery device, thereby signaling to a delivery meter by means of the acknowledgment data which delivery quantity of which type of energy is delivered.
  • the acknowledgment data which delivery quantity of which type of energy is delivered.
  • the energy store was charged with energy of this type of energy—up to the amount of energy acknowledged.
  • the energy store is later operated as a delivery device by delivering the stored energy back to the network, it can deliver the corresponding type of energy into the network as a delivery amount up to the acknowledged amount of energy.
  • a corresponding blocking function can be provided in the delivery counter, which generates corresponding confirmation data when it is delivered to the network only up to the amount of energy for the corresponding type of energy verified by the acknowledgment data and blocks the energy delivery and/or interrupts the generation of corresponding confirmation data if this amount of energy is exceeded.
  • the corresponding acknowledgment data can be used to signal the delivery meter that there is energy quantity N kWh of energy type E1 and a corresponding amount of energy of this energy type E1 should be handed over.
  • the delivery meter then generates corresponding confirmation data until the amount of energy N kWh is reached.
  • the blocking function described can block or interrupt the generation of further confirmation data for the energy type E1.
  • This blocking function can also be implemented (in whole or in part) in the dispensing device, e.g. in combination with a control logic in the dispensing counter, if only the dispensing device itself can stop the flow of energy (in this case, a dispensing meter does not have a switch-off device).
  • One embodiment includes that offer data of the dispensing device are determined before the transmission process, with the offer data specifying a total value of the dispensing quantity and/or a dispensing period and/or a dispensing capacity (e.g. specified in kW), and the respective dispensing device confirms through acceptance data that it is part of the Withdrawal quantity within the limits set by the offer data.
  • the operation of at least one dispensing device and the operation of at least one extraction device can be coordinated in relation to the type of energy and/or amount of energy and/or transmission period and/or extraction capacity. In other words, the operation takes place in a coordinated manner and/or simultaneously and/or with the same electrical power, as agreed according to the offer data and the acceptance data.
  • the corresponding energy source or the corresponding energy store is therefore selected as the delivery device for the removal device and selected or registered by the acceptance data.
  • the offer data can, for example, be offered as a data record or tag on a corresponding platform for energy trading.
  • a suitable offer data record or a suitable offer tag can then be selected or determined on the platform for an extraction device and through corresponding acceptance data, i.e. a data record or an acceptance tag for the acceptance of the offer of a part of the offer (i.e. a part of the offered energy), reserved or secured.
  • a further advantage results from the fact that this results in a balance between energy input (output) and energy extraction.
  • the already described proportional output of confirmation data to tapping devices that are receiving at the same time can use the acceptance data to calculate the percentages, for example to carry out the performance-related percentage calculation (e.g. 3 kW Power output divided into 1 kW and 2 kW extraction power of two extraction devices).
  • an available amount of energy does not have to be actively offered on a server trading platform (from the generator, dispensing device) and ordered (by the consumer, extraction device), but it can additionally or alternatively also be vice versa that requests (from the consumer) can be made on a can be placed on such a platform in the form of demand data, which is then served by generators or delivery devices if the conditions (e.g. amount of energy, delivery capacity, type of energy, costs, emissions) are agreed.
  • query data of the withdrawal device is determined, with the query data specifying a total value of the withdrawal quantity and/or a withdrawal period and/or a withdrawal rate, and the respective delivery device confirms through acceptance data that its part of the withdrawal quantity is within the to deliver the limit values defined by the offer data as the delivery quantity.
  • Bidirectional supply/demand trading can thus be made possible with the aim of covering consumption with generation.
  • the supply data, demand data and acceptance data can each be generated in the respective dispensing device or removal device or in a control computer assigned to it or in the server device, as is known per se from electrical energy trading.
  • One embodiment includes the offer data and the acceptance data being mediated by a central server, which operates the platform for energy trading for this purpose.
  • a central server can be implemented, for example, by a computer or a computer network on the Internet.
  • One advantage of a central server is that delivery devices and withdrawal devices from different operators or owners can be coordinated with one another.
  • One embodiment includes that the supply data and/or the acceptance data and/or the demand data are checked by a monitoring circuit of a network operator of the network for a compatibility criterion relating to network stability of the network and, if a violation of the compatibility criterion is detected, are rejected or adjusted in such a way that they meet the compatibility criterion.
  • a rejection by the network operator of the electrical network is possible.
  • the network operator can use its monitoring circuit to override the data and adapt the operation of dispensing devices and withdrawal devices to the needs of the electrical network in order to ensure its stable operation (e.g. frequency stability).
  • One embodiment includes that the removal counter is connected to the electrical network via a connection point of an electrical installation of a household or company and records the total amount of removal for the electrical installation.
  • internal acknowledgment data is also created within the electrical installation, i.e. without using the network beyond the connection point, for which purpose an installation-internal energy transfer from an installation-internal delivery device to an installation-internal extraction device is recorded via the extraction meter and acknowledged using internal acknowledgment data for the extraction device .
  • electrical energy can also be recharged or exchanged within an electrical installation, for example within a house network or the electrical company network of a company, for example between a photovoltaic system and an energy storage device, and the removal counter is also used to acknowledge that this energy has been transferred using the acknowledgment data corresponds to a predetermined type of energy, for example energy from a regenerative energy source (eg photovoltaic energy).
  • a regenerative energy source eg photovoltaic energy
  • the energy storage device can use the internal acknowledgment data to prove or confirm that the energy delivered by it into the network corresponds to this type of energy.
  • An energy storage device can also do this Emit photovoltaic energy or wind power, even at night or when there is no wind.
  • the acknowledgment data can generally be assigned to the withdrawal device, ie for example an energy store, it can also be a mobile withdrawal device, for example the energy store of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. If the removal device is then moved and operated on another delivery meter, it can also be confirmed to this delivery meter by means of the acknowledgment data that the energy delivered by the delivery device corresponds to a predetermined type of energy.
  • An embodiment includes that the energy is transmitted via the network by an owner of the dispensing device and the withdrawal device and a register is provided in the withdrawal counter for the owner to register the amount of energy transmitted.
  • the owner therefore owns the dispensing device and the extraction device, but the owner connects these two devices via the network, for example the public electricity network. If the withdrawal counter belongs to someone else's household or the owner's employer, the owner must still be able to bill for his withdrawal device individually.
  • the owner of the delivery device and the withdrawal device can operate these two devices via the electrical network without having to rely on an external energy meter or electricity meter in such a way that he would have to compensate or pay for the energy withdrawn there .
  • the owner of the dispensing device can operate his withdrawal device on the third-party withdrawal meter and have his own register provided there for his own energy bill and prove that the amount of energy withdrawn from his withdrawal device via the withdrawal meter corresponds to the amount of energy that his delivery device is simultaneously entering the network has submitted, so that there is no net withdrawal from the grid in its balancing group (apart from transmission losses).
  • a user can use his renewable energy source, such as his operate a photovoltaic system in his own home and feed the output energy of this dispensing device into the network and at the same time operate or charge a withdrawal device, for example an electric vehicle with an electric battery, at a withdrawal meter in the network, for example in the office or at the employer.
  • a withdrawal device for example an electric vehicle with an electric battery
  • At least one dispensing device and/or at least one extraction device is an energy store for storing electrical energy.
  • proof can be provided for an energy storage device that a known amount of energy of a specific type of energy is stored in it, which can then be released again into the grid as energy of this type of energy.
  • the energy store can therefore be operated alternately as a withdrawal device and as a delivery device.
  • One embodiment includes providing a basic register or balancing register (default register) in the withdrawal counter and/or in the server device, in which a difference between the recorded withdrawal quantity and the total delivery quantity indicated by the confirmation data is recorded.
  • a basic register or balancing register default register
  • delivery devices and/or removal devices can also be operated without an EOI ticket. It is thus also possible to continue to make it possible for those delivery devices and/or withdrawal devices for which the proof cannot be provided by confirmation data, which means that they cannot provide proof of their energy type. This enables in particular backward compatibility with conventional power grids.
  • the energy that is lost due to transmission losses can also be recorded via an equalization register.
  • An embodiment includes that, for a plurality of dispensing devices, their dispensing amount of energy by common, aggregated confirmation data be specified.
  • the delivery quantity can be acknowledged by confirmation data or, as described here, a joint confirmation ticket with confirmation data can be generated for several delivery devices, for example, which confirms the combined delivery quantity.
  • Such an aggregator model of multiple energy sources has the advantage that a large number of individual delivery devices, for example small power stations, can also be operated on the grid as a single virtual power station.
  • a further aspect of the invention comprises an electricity measuring instrument, ie an electricity meter for connection to an electrical network, the electricity meter being set up to provide a number of registers as a withdrawal counter by means of a processor circuit in a data memory and during a transmission process to display respective shares of a detected withdrawal quantity that are received at the same time
  • an electricity meter can be designed as a single device, for example for a connection point of a public electricity network.
  • the electricity meter can also be implemented using a number of device components, for example a measuring circuit and a computer.
  • the electricity meter can be used to allocate the recorded amount of withdrawal to different types of energy or delivery devices during or during the energy transfer, as evidenced by the confirmation data received, which can be received via an Internet connection, for example.
  • the electricity meter can be designed as an extraction meter for an entire household network (connection between electrical network and household network) or as a built-in part or additional circuit for an individual extraction device.
  • the term “electricity meter”, which is customary in professional circles, is used here for a current measuring instrument, without this being intended to mean a restriction to a specific measuring principle. It's below to understand a measuring instrument that measures the amount of transmitted energy with a technology that is available per se.
  • the processor circuit can have a data processing device or a processor device which is set up to carry out the method steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention which are assigned to the withdrawal counter.
  • the processor circuit can have at least one microprocessor and/or at least one microcontroller and/or at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and/or at least one DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
  • the processor circuit can have program code which, when executed by the processor device, is set up to carry out the method steps of the embodiment of the method according to the invention which are assigned to the removal counter.
  • the program code can be stored in a data memory of the processor circuit.
  • the invention also includes the described system of delivery counters, withdrawal counters for an electrical power network.
  • the server facility described may also be provided in the system to operate meter registers.
  • the invention also includes the combinations of features of the described embodiments.
  • the invention also includes implementations that each have a combination of the features of several of the described embodiments, unless the embodiments were described as mutually exclusive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sketch to illustrate an embodiment of the method according to the invention and a schematic representation of an embodiment of the electricity meter according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is another sketch to illustrate a
  • an electrical network 10 which can be a central or public power network, for example an electrical power network for low voltage and/or medium voltage and/or grid voltage. Households and/or companies, for example, can thus be supplied with electrical energy by means of the network 10 .
  • the network 10 can also, for example, also comprise an in-plant power network of a company. Electrical consumers and/or electrical energy stores can be connected to the network 10 as extraction devices 11 and operated.
  • the extraction devices 11 can be coupled to the network 10 via an electrical installation 12 , for example.
  • an electricity meter can be connected as a drawing counter 14 between the at least one drawing device 11 and the network 10 .
  • the extraction counter 14 can include a measuring circuit 15 for determining an extraction quantity 16 of the energy 13 extracted.
  • the removal counter 14 can also provide a number of registers 17 that can be implemented, for example, by a data memory of a processor circuit 18 .
  • the extracted energy 13 can be made available or fed into the network 10 by at least one output device 19, which can be, for example, an energy source, for example a power plant or a photovoltaic system, and/or an energy store.
  • the respective delivery device 19 can be connected to the network 10 via a respective electricity meter, in which case this electricity meter can then have a measuring circuit 22 for measuring the delivered quantity 23 as a delivery meter 20 for detecting the electrical energy 21 delivered.
  • Several delivery devices 19 can also be connected to the network 10 via a delivery counter 20 .
  • the extraction devices 11 For the operation of the extraction devices 11 it can be flexibly specified, for example by a respective control circuit of the extraction devices 11 and/or by a user of the extraction devices 11 for each operation or each transmission process for extracted energy 13, which delivery devices 19 are to be used. In other words, for the operation of the extraction devices 11 it is not necessary to permanently determine which operator and/or which energy mix is to be used as a basis once the extraction meter 14 is installed.
  • a platform 26 for energy trading is provided, for example via a server 24, for example on the Internet 25, on which or in which server 24 offer data 27 of the deliverable electrical energy 21 that can be provided by the delivery devices 19 is available.
  • a delivery device 19 can be, for example, a photovoltaic system or a wind power plant or a pumped-storage power plant or a stationary energy store, for example based on batteries, or a nuclear power plant or a coal-fired power plant, to name just a few examples.
  • a sampling device can, for example, an electrical consumer such for example an air conditioner or a production line or a heater.
  • a withdrawal device 11 can be an energy store, for example stored energy of a stationary store or a motor vehicle, such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.
  • the available energy 21 that can be dispensed for the tapping devices 11 can be selected. This can be signaled by appropriate acceptance data 28 which, for example, specify an amount of energy, a type of energy, a withdrawal time.
  • the communication between the delivery devices 19 or an operating device for the delivery devices 19, for example an Internet browser, and the server 24 can take place, for example, via a corresponding communication link 29, which can include an Internet connection, for example.
  • the communication between the extraction devices 11 and the server 24 or an operating device for the extraction devices 11, for example an Internet browser can take place via a corresponding communication link 30, which can include an Internet connection, for example.
  • the server 24 can then make an assignment or an order confirmation, so that coordinated operation between at least one dispensing device 19 and at least one removal device 11 is provided for a predetermined period of time 31, for example from time T1 to time T2 (T1 - T2).
  • the delivery quantity 23 of the delivered energy 21 can be recorded by the respective delivery meter 20 and the delivery quantity 23 can be signaled to the withdrawal meter 14 by corresponding confirmation data 32.
  • This can be done via the server 24 or by a direct connection 33 or by another communication connection, for example via another server.
  • the extraction counter 14 can detect the extraction quantity 16 and, based on the confirmation data 32, store or accumulate in the registers 17 which proportion of the extracted energy 13 is which dispensing device 19 or which Energy type E1, E2 is assigned.
  • a register 17 for an energy type E1 and a counter register for an energy type E2 can be provided, just to name examples.
  • the counts of the registers 17 can be indicated or written by corresponding register data 35 .
  • Acknowledgment data 36 can be generated from register data 35, which can confirm or describe that a portion 37 of the extracted energy 13, as received by a respective extraction device 11, originates from a predetermined energy type E1, E2 and/or from a specific delivery device 19 originates.
  • the design of the acknowledgment data 36 can of course depend on the register data 35 and/or the acknowledgment data 32 since the acknowledgment data 36 reflects the information stored in the acknowledgment data 32 and/or the register data 35 .
  • the same receipt data 36 is not issued to two withdrawal devices 11 because this would correspond to double counting.
  • the withdrawal counter has a sovereign task of preventing fraud.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates how the system shown in FIG. 1 can be operated.
  • 2 illustrates the network 10 as an example of how it can connect different households 40 and a high-voltage network 41 .
  • the households 40 are only representative, they can generally be respective entities connected via an electricity meter 42 or electrical installations which are connected to the network 10 via the electricity meter 42 .
  • Two customers C1, C2 of the network 10 are shown as an example. Two transmission processes are shown.
  • a first, internal transmission process can provide for a regenerative energy source, for example a photovoltaic system, to emit electrical energy at the customer C1 via the electricity meter 42 into an energy storage device 44 for example of an electric vehicle 45 .
  • a regenerative energy source for example a photovoltaic system
  • an energy storage device 44 for example of an electric vehicle 45 .
  • the electricity meter 42 of the customer C1 can be operated as a delivery meter and the energy 46 can be offered to the customer C2 via the server 24 using offer data 27 , for example.
  • the customer C2 accepts the offer through acceptance data 28, his electricity meter 42 can be operated as a withdrawal meter 14, while the energy 46 is released from the energy store 44 via the electricity meter 42 as a delivery meter 20 into the network 10.
  • his removal counter 14 can record the amount of energy removed, i.e. the amount 16 removed.
  • the withdrawal amount 16 can then be stored, for example, in a further energy store 47, for example of a further electric vehicle 48.
  • the transmission of energy 46 is thus accompanied by acknowledgment data, the authenticity or veracity of which is documented by the coordination of the operation of the delivery counter 20 and the removal counter 14 using the confirmation data 32 .
  • the data sets of confirmation data 32 sent at the individual points in time thus represent markings or tags with which the delivered energy 46 is “tagged” or identified. It is therefore a so-called energy origin tag or EOI tag (Energy Origin Indicator Tag).
  • the confirmation data 32 can be used to ensure that the energy 46 is released into the network 10 and the energy is removed from the network 10 simultaneously or in a coordinated manner.
  • the respective electricity meter 42 ie the delivery meter 20 and/or removal meter 14 can each be an official meter for the entire electrical installation of a household or a company.
  • a respective delivery device 19 and/or a respective removal device 11 has its own measuring circuit 15, 22 for detecting its own respective delivery quantity 23 or removal quantity 16.
  • a removal device 11 can store a number of counter registers 17 in its own removal counter 14 for accumulating the respective proportion 37 of the recorded removal quantity 16 .
  • the counter registers 17 themselves can also be provided additionally or alternatively in a server device (not shown).
  • a server device can be implemented by an Internet server. It can be based on a computer or a computer network. Communication with such a server device can take place in a known manner via an Internet connection.
  • the customer C1 can signal that the energy comes from the photovoltaic system PV and is stored in his electric vehicle 45, EV.
  • the customer C2 can use the acceptance data to signal that the electric vehicle 48, EV, is being used at the customer C2 as a removal device.
  • the entire history of the creation and transmission of the energy 46 can be specified as a new EOI tag, which indicates that the energy stored in the energy store 47 comes from the photovoltaic system of the customer C1 and in between Customer C1's electric vehicle EV was stored before the energy was transferred to customer C2's electric vehicle 48 .
  • a further preferred embodiment includes that a counter register is created or managed for each transmission process between a delivery device and a withdrawal device.
  • This counter register therefore contains the acknowledgment data for a single transmission process, as may have been planned by offer and acceptance data. There is thus a single acknowledgment EOI tag per counter register.
  • This register data can then be used as a basis for billing, for example, as receipt data.
  • the acknowledgment data thus represents a single EOl tag for a single transmission process.
  • An EOI represents a data record with confirmation data for a predetermined time unit, e.g. a period of 15 minutes, or a data record of acknowledgment data for a completed transmission process for a predetermined, total, agreed transmission period 31.
  • the current measuring instrument has various registers 17 as withdrawal counters for accumulating the confirmation data 32 from different EOl tags. For a customer, this means, for example, that he can purchase green electricity from hydroelectric power plants and gray electricity from gas-fired power plants at the same time. Two registers 17 are activated for this.
  • the “default” electricity contract always applies when no direct trade has taken place. (e.g. basic supply tariff with Y cent/kWh).
  • the records or tags are created as “Request” (request data), “Offer” (offer data), “Order” (acceptance data), “Ticket” (confirmation ticket or record of confirmation data), or “Receipt” (receipt data).
  • a transition phase can occur through aggregated tags or aggregated confirmation data.
  • Different sources or delivery devices can thus be represented by an aggregator tag or aggregated confirmation data.
  • the confirmation data can be generated and provided as "live data” / real-time data or at specified time intervals, e.g. as 15-minute values, in the confirmation process or ticket process.
  • a comparison between the actual consumption and feed-in takes place during the transmission process.
  • the timing can be handled flexibly, e.g. by means of a corresponding coordination signal between the withdrawal counter and delivery counter (e.g. temporal flexibility from "real time” to "quarter of an hour”).
  • Request, offer and confirmation ticket are still subject to forecast values, i.e. there may be a deviation between the offer data/acceptance data on the one hand and the resulting acknowledgment data on the other hand due to the real-time behavior. Tickets / records of the confirmation data and receipt data for the invoice then reflect the actual requirements. Analogous to a HEMS (Home Energy Management System), this results in regulation “behind the meter” in a single-family house with self-sufficiency, a “big loop” involving the network 10 up to the external power plant or other energy suppliers. With an aggregator model (collective procurement from several "power plants” or, in general, delivery devices), the tickets or confirmation data are sorted into groups of the same delivery devices and/or types of energy.
  • the register to be activated can be selected individually for each tapping device.
  • Example: A toaster uses basic supply registers as a counter register 17; an e-vehicle uses the described P2P register as a meter register 17.
  • Individual tariffs can be selected on the basis of several meter registers for simultaneous house supply and company car use without installing several measuring circuits (meters). If there are several meters, the feed lines are preferably measured in accordance with calibration law and the quantity is stored in the register. Delivery devices that are not able or equipped to generate an EOI ticket (because, for example, a current measurement for the device-specific confirmation data fails) are automatically billed via the "default register".
  • Dynamic handling of the number of counter registers is provided.
  • a current measuring device in the electricity meter supplies only one main register at a time.
  • own measuring devices can be used to describe (tags) other meter registers in the "main connection" meter, i.e. the allocation to several meter registers can take place afterwards on the basis of a consumption value recorded centrally in the main register.
  • Self-generated electricity from home can be offered as an EOI tag (confirmation data) via a register entry and at the same time bought from your own electric vehicle in the office.
  • a user can offset his own confirmation data and receipt data (no net withdrawal from the network).
  • the customer can decide freely and at any time for a form of energy, the energy price, the provider (ie summarized the type of energy).
  • the provider ie summarized the type of energy.
  • Several application-specific offers can also be used at the same time.
  • a preferred technical implementation includes in particular the following components:

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de transmettre de l'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau électrique (10), une quantité de distribution (23) d'énergie d'un type d'énergie prédéfini prélevée dans au moins un appareil de distribution (19) étant injectée dans le réseau (10) par l'intermédiaire d'un compteur de distribution (20) et, pendant ce temps, une quantité de prélèvement (16) d'énergie étant prélevée du réseau (10), par l'intermédiaire d'un compteur de prélèvement (14), par au moins un appareil de prélèvement (11). Selon l'invention, pendant le processus de transmission, des données de confirmation (32), qui décrivent la quantité de distribution (23) enregistrée jusqu'alors, sont fournies à des instants prédéterminés au compteur de prélèvement (14) ou à un serveur central et là, sur la quantité de distribution (16) enregistrée, dans chaque cas, la part (37), qui est confirmée par les données de confirmation (32) de l'appareil de distribution (19) concerné, est enregistrée dans chaque cas dans un registre de compteur (17) spécifique, qui est associé à l'appareil de distribution (19) concerné et/ou au type d'énergie de l'appareil de distribution (19).
PCT/EP2022/053224 2021-02-10 2022-02-10 Procédé de transmission d'énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau électrique et compteur électrique WO2022171731A1 (fr)

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