WO2022170879A1 - Anti-counterfeiting element and manufacturing method therefor, and anti-counterfeiting product - Google Patents

Abstract

An anti-counterfeiting element and a manufacturing method therefor, and an anti-counterfeiting product. The anti-counterfeiting element comprises a substrate (6); the substrate (6) comprises a first surface and a second surface; the manufacturing method comprises: producing a diffuse reflection structure (2) on the first surface of the substrate (6); covering the surface of the diffuse reflection structure (2) with a reflective layer (3) in a same type; and forming a corresponding micro-hollow sub-region (4) according to a presentation angle of a dynamic feature presented with the change of an observation angle and angle distribution information of the diffuse reflection structure (2). An optically variable anti-counterfeiting element (1) presents a multi-color dynamic feature, and has a layout rule that cannot be directly identified, thereby enhancing the counterfeiting difficulty in multiple dimensions such as microstructure design and manufacturing processes, and improving the anti-counterfeiting resistance.

Description

Anti-counterfeiting element, method for manufacturing the same, and anti-counterfeiting product

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on February 10, 2021 with the application number 202110184071.1 and the invention titled "Anti-counterfeiting Component and its Manufacturing Method and Anti-counterfeiting Product", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of optical anti-counterfeiting, and in particular, to an anti-counterfeiting element, a manufacturing method thereof, and an anti-counterfeiting product.

Background technique

At present, the advanced technology in the field of optical anti-counterfeiting includes the combination of the microstructure determined by the plate making and the optical change layer, modulating the brightness distribution of the reflected light through the pre-designed micro-reflection surface, so as to realize the dynamic effect, and can superimpose the interference coating to realize the color change and dynamic feeling combination of effects. This often produces patterns, such as lines, rings, curves, or multiple motion effects of text, and can create a three-dimensional feel. However, in most cases, the color tone of the pattern and the background can only be the same, and the light-dark contrast relationship is basically single, so it is difficult to realize the dynamic characteristics of multiple colors or any light-dark relationship. Also included are moiré magnification constructions based on microlenses and micropatterns, in this way it is possible to create a three-dimensional effect that is clearly in front of or behind the actual surface, or to produce so-called orthogonal parallax motion. However, the disadvantage of this moiré magnification configuration is that it is complex to manufacture, requiring two imprinting steps for the microlenses and micropatterns, with precise alignment between the two steps. Finally, it involves aligning the magnetically aligned reflective pigments with correspondingly shaped magnets to create a bright dynamic effect that can include a certain depth effect. This effect is very bright and easy to see, but the magnetic ink required is expensive, and the variety and resolution of the effect is limited by the available magnets, making it difficult to adjust at will.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an anti-counterfeiting element, a manufacturing method thereof, and an anti-counterfeiting product.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides an anti-counterfeiting element, comprising: a diffuse reflection structure; a reflection layer formed on the diffuse reflection structure, the reflection layer including micro-hollow sub-regions; and a colored coating, so that the anti-counterfeiting element can present Dynamic features with the color of the reflective layer and the color of the colored coating; where the position of the micro-hollow sub-regions depends on the presentation angle of the dynamic features with the change of the viewing angle and the angular distribution of the diffuse reflection structure.

In the embodiment of the present application, the reflective layer is composed of at least one of a metal coating layer, a dielectric coating layer, and a metal dielectric stack.

In the embodiments of the present application, the colored coating has at least two colors.

In the embodiment of the present application, the diffuse reflection structure constitutes a smooth curved surface S(x,y)

In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-counterfeiting element includes a base material, the base material includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the base material, the colored coating is located on the second surface of the base material, and can A dynamic feature is present on the side of the first surface.

In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-counterfeiting element includes a substrate, the substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the substrate, the colored coating layer is located on the first surface of the substrate, and can Dynamic features are present on the second surface side.

In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-counterfeiting element further includes at least one or a combination of holography, Fresnel relief, and macroscopic hollow features.

In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-counterfeiting element can be applied to the field of printing technology by at least one of the anti-counterfeiting lines, the anti-counterfeiting strips, and the anti-counterfeiting labels.

A second aspect of the present application provides a method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element, comprising: providing a base material, the base material comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; forming a diffuse reflection structure on the first surface of the base material; and forming a diffuse reflection structure on the surface of the diffuse reflection structure The same type covers the reflective layer; according to the presentation angle of the dynamic features presented with the change of the observation angle and the angle distribution information of the diffuse reflection structure, a micro-hollow sub-region is formed on the reflective layer.

In the embodiments of the present application, a colored coating is formed on at least part of the second surface of the substrate.

In the embodiment of the present application, an adhesive layer is coated on one side of the second surface of the substrate; a carrier is provided, and the second surface of the substrate is bonded to the carrier.

In the embodiments of the present application, a colored coating is formed on at least a part of the first surface side of the substrate; an adhesive layer is coated on the first surface side of the substrate; a carrier is provided to attach the first surface of the substrate Bonded to the carrier.

In the embodiments of the present application, a release layer is coated on the first surface of the substrate; an adhesive layer is coated on the first surface of the substrate; a carrier is provided, the first surface of the substrate is bonded to the carrier, and Remove the substrate.

In the embodiment of the present application, the carrier includes: forming a colored coating on the first surface of the carrier.

In the embodiments of the present application, an adhesive layer is coated on the first surface side of the substrate; a carrier is provided, and a colored coating is formed on the first surface of the carrier; the first surface of the substrate is adhered to the first surface of the carrier catch.

In the embodiments of the present application, an adhesive layer is coated on the second surface side of the substrate; a carrier is provided, and a colored coating is formed on the first surface of the carrier; the second surface of the substrate is adhered to the first surface of the carrier catch.

A third aspect of the present application provides an anti-counterfeiting product, which includes the above-mentioned anti-counterfeiting element.

Through the above technical solution, the anti-counterfeiting element has the arrangement rules that cannot be directly identified while presenting multi-color dynamic features, thereby enhancing the difficulty of forgery in multiple dimensions such as microstructure design and manufacturing process, and improving the anti-counterfeiting resistance. Optical security elements for flexible realization of dynamic features of color and light-dark contrast.

Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description section that follows.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the embodiments of the present application together with the following specific embodiments, but do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present application. In the attached image:

FIG. 1-a schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

1-b schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

1-c schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

1-d schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

1-e schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

1-f schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a diffuse reflection structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 schematically shows a schematic diagram of determining a micro-hollow sub-region according to an animation frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of color transition of dynamic features according to an embodiment of the present application;

6 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the effect of integrating dynamic features and Fresnel features according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the effect of integrating a dynamic feature and a macro hollow feature according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a dynamic anti-counterfeiting element used on a banknote according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals

a1, substrate; a2, diffuse reflection structure;

a3, reflective layer; a4, micro-hollow sub-region;

a5, colored coating; a6, coating adhesive layer;

a7, carrier; b1, substrate;

b2, diffuse reflection structure; b3, reflection layer;

b4, micro-hollow sub-region; b5, coating adhesive layer;

b6, carrier; b7, colored coating;

c1, substrate; c2, diffuse reflection structure;

c3, reflective layer; c4, micro-hollow sub-region;

a5, colored coating; c6, coating adhesive layer;

c7, carrier; d1, substrate;

d2, diffuse reflection structure; d3, reflection layer;

d4, micro-hollow sub-region; d5, coating adhesive layer;

d6, carrier; d7, colored coating;

e1, substrate; e2, coating peeling layer;

e3, diffuse reflection structure; e4, reflection layer;

e5, micro-hollow sub-region; e6, colored coating;

e7, coating adhesive layer; e8, carrier;

f1, substrate; f2, coating peeling layer;

f3, diffuse reflection structure; f4, reflection layer;

f5, micro-hollow sub-region; f6, coating adhesive layer;

f7, carrier; f8, colored coating;

1. Optical variable anti-counterfeiting element; 2. Diffuse reflection structure;

21. The first diffuse reflection structure; 22. The second diffuse reflection structure;

3. Reflective layer; 31. The first reflective layer;

32. Second reflective layer; 4. Micro-hollow sub-region;

41. The first micro-hollow sub-region; 42. The second micro-hollow sub-region;

43. The third micro-hollow sub-region; 44. The fourth micro-hollow sub-region;

45. The fifth micro-hollow sub-region; 5. Colored coating;

51. The first colored coating; 52. The second colored coating;

6. Substrate;

7. Animation frame; 71. Pattern area;

72. Background area; 8. Dynamic pattern;

81. The first ring; 82. The second ring;

9. Fresnel relief structure; 91. Relief features;

92. Micro hollow features; 10. Banknotes

101. Window security line; 102. Labeling;

103. Opening area;

Pv, the position of the pattern of an animation frame;

ΔP, the position deviation of the modified reflection surface element.

Detailed ways

The specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application.

It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) involved in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are only used to explain a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.

In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for the purpose of description, and should not be construed as an indication or suggestion Its relative importance or implicitly indicates the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist. , is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

FIG. 1-a schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1-a, in an embodiment of the present application, a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element is provided, which includes the following steps: providing a substrate a1, the substrate having an opposite first surface and a first surface Two surfaces; make a diffuse reflection structure a2 on the first surface of the substrate a1, and cover the same type of reflection layer a3 on the surface of the diffuse reflection structure a2; preset the dynamic characteristics that appear with the change of the viewing angle, according to the geometric reflection law, by the preset It is assumed that the presentation angle of the dynamic feature and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure are jointly determined to form a plurality of micro-hollow sub-regions a4. A colored coating layer a5 is formed on at least part of the area on the first surface side of the substrate a1; an adhesive layer a6 is coated on the first surface side of the substrate a1; a carrier a7 is provided, and the first surface of the substrate a1 is Carrier bonding.

FIG. 1-b schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1-b, in an embodiment of the present application, a manufacturing method is provided. A method for an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, comprising the following steps: providing a substrate b1 with opposite first and second surfaces; fabricating a diffuse reflection structure b2 on the first surface of the substrate b1, and forming a diffuse reflection structure b2 on the first surface of the substrate b1. The surface of the reflective structure b2 is covered with the reflective layer b3 of the same type; the dynamic features presented with the change of the observation angle are preset, and according to the geometrical reflection law, the presentation angle of the preset dynamic features and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure are jointly determined to form a plurality of micro-hollows Sub-region b4; coating the adhesive layer b5 on the first surface side of the substrate b1; providing a carrier b6, and forming a colored coating b7 on the first surface of the carrier b6; connecting the first surface of the substrate b1 with the first surface of the carrier b6 A surface bonding.

Fig. 1-c schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 1-c, in an embodiment of the present application, a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element is provided. A method for an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, comprising the following steps: providing a substrate c1 with a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; fabricating a diffuse reflection structure c2 on the first surface of the substrate c1, and forming a diffuse reflection structure c2 on the first surface of the substrate c1. The surface of the reflective structure c2 is covered with the reflective layer c3 of the same type; the dynamic features presented with the change of the observation angle are preset, and according to the geometrical reflection law, the presentation angle of the preset dynamic features and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure are jointly determined to form a plurality of micro-hollows Sub-region c4; forming a colored coating c5 on at least part of the second surface of the base material c1; coating an adhesive layer c6 on the second surface side of the base material c1; providing a carrier c7 to attach the second surface of the base material c1 The surface is bonded to the carrier c7.

FIG. 1-d schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1-d, in an embodiment of the present application, a manufacturing method is provided. A method for an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, comprising the following steps: providing a substrate d1 with opposite first and second surfaces; fabricating a diffuse reflection structure d2 on the first surface of the substrate d1, and forming a diffuse reflection structure d2 on the first surface of the substrate d1. The surface of the reflective structure d2 is covered with a reflective layer d3 of the same type; the dynamic features presented with the change of the observation angle are preset, and according to the law of geometric reflection, the presentation angle of the preset dynamic features and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure are jointly determined to form a plurality of micro-hollows Sub-area d4; coating the adhesive layer d5 on the second surface side of the substrate d1; providing a carrier d6, and forming a colored coating d7 on the first surface of the carrier d6; connecting the second surface of the substrate d1 with the carrier d6 The first surface is bonded.

FIG. 1-e schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1-e, in an embodiment of the present application, a manufacturing method is provided. A method for an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, comprising the following steps: providing a base material e1 with a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; coating a release layer e2 on the first surface of the base material e1; A diffuse reflection structure e3 is made on the first surface of e1, and a reflection layer e4 is covered with the same type on the surface of the diffuse reflection structure e3; the dynamic features presented with the change of the viewing angle are preset, and according to the law of geometric reflection, the presentation angle of the preset dynamic features is determined by A plurality of micro-hollow sub-regions e5 are formed together with the angular distribution of the diffuse reflection structure; a colored coating e6 is formed on at least a part of the region on the first surface side of the substrate e1; coating is applied on the first surface side of the substrate e1 The adhesive layer e7; the carrier e8 is provided, the first surface of the base material e1 is bonded to the carrier e8, and the base material e1 is removed.

FIG. 1-f schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1-f, in an embodiment of the present application, a manufacturing method is provided. A method for an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, comprising the steps of: providing a base material f1 with a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; coating a release layer f2 on the first surface of the base material f1; A diffuse reflection structure f3 is made on the first surface of f1, and a reflection layer f4 is covered on the surface of the diffuse reflection structure f3 with the same type; the dynamic characteristics that appear with the change of the observation angle are preset. According to the law of geometric reflection, the presentation angle of the preset dynamic characteristics is determined by A plurality of micro-hollow sub-regions f5 are formed together with the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure; an adhesive layer f6 is coated on the first surface side of the base material f1; a carrier f7 is provided, and a colored coating is formed on the first surface of the carrier f7 f8; Adhere the first surface of the base material f1 to the first surface of the carrier f7, and remove the base material f1.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an anti-counterfeiting element, the anti-counterfeiting element includes: a diffuse reflection structure, including a reflection layer on the diffuse reflection structure; a reflection layer, the reflection layer includes a micro-hollow sub-region; and a colored coating, so that the anti-counterfeiting element can present a tape Dynamic features with reflective layer color and tinted coating color.

As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a method for manufacturing an optically variable anti-counterfeiting element, wherein the plane where the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element 1 is located is defined as the xy plane, with a substrate 6 as an isolation layer. There is a first diffuse reflection structure 21 on the upper surface of the base material 6 . The first diffuse reflection structure 21 is composed of a plurality of reflection surface elements whose angles are randomly distributed. The azimuth angle ranges from 0° to 360°, and the pitch angle ranges from 0 °-15°. The lateral dimension of the reflection surface element is 20 microns, and the height range is 0 microns to 5.4 microns. The surface of the first diffuse reflection structure 21 is covered with a first reflection layer 31 in the same type, and its structure is Al (30 nanometers)/SiO ₂ (500 nanometers). )/Cr (5 nm). The upper surface side of the substrate 6 is provided with a first colored coating 51 and a second colored coating 52, the first colored coating 51 and the second colored coating 52 are arranged side by side, and the first colored coating 51 is selected as Blue, while the second colored coating 52 is chosen to be orange. The reflective layer 31 has a first micro-hollow sub-region 41, a second micro-hollow sub-region 42, and a third micro-hollow sub-region 43, and the hollow width is 3 micrometers to 20 micrometers. The patterns of the dynamic features generated at the first micro-hollow sub-region 41 and the second micro-hollow sub-region 42 have the color of the first colored coating 51 , namely blue, and the dynamic features generated at the third micro-hollow sub-region 43 have the same color. The pattern has the color of the second colored coating 52, namely orange.

The existence of the base material 6 is required in the processing process, and can also be used as a part of the anti-counterfeiting product formed by the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element 1 . Another use is that the upper surface of the substrate 6 may not be provided with a colored coating, and the colored coating may be located on the surface of the carrier material, such as banknote paper with printed patterns, card substrates, and the like. The base material 6 and the structure on its upper surface can be pasted to a carrier to form an anti-counterfeiting element.

In addition, the substrate 6 can also be removed in the security product and not be part of the optically variable security element 1 . For example, in common hot stamping applications, an adhesive layer is coated on the first reflective layer 31 , and a release layer is coated in advance between the first diffuse reflection structure 21 and the upper surface of the substrate 6 , and the release layer is connected to the substrate 6 in advance. The bonding force of the material is obviously weaker than that between the other layers, so it can be easily separated from the substrate 6 . The upper surface is in contact with the carrier with the colored coating, and is bonded to the carrier under certain temperature and pressure conditions, while the structural layer is transferred to the carrier, and the substrate 6 is peeled off.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 schematically shows a structural schematic diagram of a diffuse reflection structure, the plane where the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element 1 is located is defined as the x-y plane, with the substrate 6 as the isolation layer. There is a second diffuse reflection structure 22 on the upper surface of the substrate, and the structure is a continuous and smooth curved surface S. The surface is aperiodic in both xy directions. A computer program can be used to generate a random height matrix of the matrix, and the value of the height matrix represents several scattered points on the surface S. The aperiodic reflective surface S can be obtained by a certain difference processing or blurring processing of this matrix. Difference processing can use bilinear interpolation, resampling using pixel area relationship, bicubic interpolation of 4*4 pixel neighborhood, Lanczos interpolation of 8*8 pixel neighborhood, etc., while blurring can use average blur, Defocus blur, motion blur, Gaussian blur, etc. Differences and blurring can be used to ensure that there are no sharp changes and breaks between heights, thus ensuring smooth characteristics of reflective surfaces, that is, the first derivative is basically continuous. Random heights can be generated using pseudo-random numbers, which are strings of numbers that appear random but are calculated by deterministic algorithms, so they are not truly random numbers in the strict sense. However, pseudorandom numbers are widely used because the statistical properties of pseudorandom selection (such as equal probability of individual numbers or statistical independence of consecutive numbers) are usually sufficient for practical purposes, and unlike true random numbers, pseudorandom numbers are Random numbers are easily generated by computers.

The average distance between the peaks and troughs on the curved surface S is controlled within the range of 20 microns to 50 microns, and the longitudinal height is set to 0 microns to 10 microns. In actual design, the curved surface should contain at least 3,000 peaks and troughs, preferably more than 50,000. This results in a sufficiently fine and uniform distribution of reflected light.

The surface of the second diffuse reflection structure 22 is covered with a second reflection layer 32 of the same type, and its structure is Al (30 nanometers). The lower surface of the substrate 6 is provided with a first colored coating 51 and a second colored coating 52, the first colored coating 51 and the second colored coating 52 are arranged side by side, the first colored coating 51 is selected to be red, and The second colored coating 52 is chosen to be green. The second reflective layer 32 has a fourth micro-hollow sub-region 44 and a fifth micro-hollow sub-region 45, and the hollow width is 3 micrometers to 20 micrometers. The pattern of dynamic features generated at the fourth micro-hollow sub-region 44 has the color of the first colored coating 51 , namely red, while the pattern of dynamic features generated at the fifth micro-hollow sub-region 45 has the color of the second colored coating 52 . color, i.e. green.

The dynamic feature specifically refers to the change feature that occurs when the observation angle changes, wherein the observation angle may be the angle of one or more elements among the three elements of the light source, the element and the observer. For example, under the condition that the illumination light source and the position of the human eye remain unchanged, the optical anti-counterfeiting element or the anti-counterfeiting product including the optical anti-counterfeiting element is determined to see the designed change by shaking the anti-counterfeiting element back and forth or left and right, that is, changing the angle of the element. feature. In order to simplify the description in the present application, the observation direction is defined by the connecting line between the observer's eyes and the observed point, thereby defining the observation angle. It should be noted that the above definitions do not affect or limit any relevant content of this application. The observation angle is a three-dimensional space parameter, so it needs to be decomposed into at least two angles for accurate description. For example, the pitch angle and the azimuth angle can be used to describe together, or the angle between the observation direction and the three coordinate axes of x, y, and z can be used to describe together.

Design patterns may represent letters, numbers, characters, symbols or geometric shapes (especially circles, ovals, triangles, rectangles, hexagons or stars). The above changing features generally refer to any translation, rotation, scaling, deformation, looming, yin-yang conversion, etc. of the design pattern directly visible to the human eye, which is presented by the element, and can also be any combination of these changing features. The movement can be designed to design the pattern to move in a specific direction, or it can be designed to move in multiple directions, and the movement direction is associated with the viewing direction. A commonly used combination feature is that when the position of the design pattern changes, its shape also changes, for example, a circle becomes a square. The dynamic pattern can have orthogonal parallax motion behavior, that is, the motion direction of the pattern is always perpendicular to the change of the observation direction, which further attracts the observer's attention through the counter-intuitive phenomenon. The movement of the design pattern can create a three-dimensional effect that floats above or below the plane of the element through the principle of horizontal parallax between the eyes. The pattern may also include multiple sub-patterns exhibiting the same or different motion behaviors and/or the same or different fly heights or depths. In particular, the pattern may comprise at least a first curve and a second curve which, when viewed from the first viewing direction or the second viewing direction, respectively, appear as a first curve located at the center of the first area or the second area, respectively. target curve or second target curve. When the security element is tilted, the two curves preferably move in different directions, including the effect produced in opposite directions, resulting in a particularly dynamic appearance. It should be understood that, in the same way, the pattern of the security element may also comprise more than two curves which may move in the same or different directions when the security element is tilted. For example, a curve in the form of an alphanumeric string may alternately exhibit different motion behaviors, such as alternately floating above or below the plane of the flat pattern area, and moving according to its floating height when tilted.

In one embodiment, the diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the substrate, the colored coating layer is located on the second surface of the substrate, and can present dynamic features on the side of the first surface of the substrate.

In another embodiment, the diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the substrate, the colored coating layer is located on the side of the first surface of the substrate, and can present dynamic features on the side of the second surface of the substrate.

The optically variable anti-counterfeiting element can be provided with a substrate, such as a colorless, transparent or colored and transparent plastic flexible material, which can be made of PET, BOPP, PVC, etc., and the thickness of the commonly used substrate is 10-50 microns. The diffuse reflection structure can be composed of multiple reflection surface elements, and the reflection surface element can be a flat plane. Each reflection surface element is characterized by a certain inclination angle relative to the plane of the dynamic pattern and a certain rotation relative to the x-axis direction. angle, so the pitch and azimuth angles can be used to determine the orientation of the reflecting surface. Of course, other parameters can also be used to determine the orientation of the surfel, especially parameters that are orthogonal to each other, such as two orthogonal components of the orientation of the surfel. The reflective surface element that constitutes the diffuse reflection structure can be a curved surface. In terms of mathematical definition, the surface can continue to be decomposed into multiple surface elements that are closer to the plane and have smaller areas. In the specific design, the curved surface has no essence with the flat plane. difference. In order to generate sufficiently fine patterns and continuously changing dynamic features, the size of the bins is preferably smaller than the recognition ability of the human eye. The recognition ability at the photopic distance is usually about 100 microns, and the closer distance will improve the resolution ability. . Therefore, the size of the bins should not be larger than 100 microns. On the other hand, if the surface element is too small, the light will be diffracted significantly, which will affect the color stability of dynamic features. Panels with a size of 10 microns to 30 microns can produce sufficiently fine features without producing obvious diffractive iridescence. The longitudinal height of the reflective surface element is 0 micrometers to 5 micrometers, preferably 0 micrometers to 3 micrometers. The projection of the reflection surface element on the plane of the dynamic pattern is usually selected as a rectangle, and it can also be any figure that is conducive to covering the plane, such as a triangle, a hexagon, or an irregular shape.

The main function of the reflective surface elements constituting the diffuse reflection structure is to produce the visual impression of diffuse reflection produced by general office paper. In order to achieve this purpose, the orientation of the reflection surface element should be changed or selected irregularly within a certain range, especially by random selection or pseudo-random selection. Pseudo-random numbers are strings of numbers calculated by a deterministic algorithm, so they are not truly random numbers in the strict sense. However, pseudorandom numbers are widely used because the statistical properties of pseudorandom selection (such as equal probability of individual numbers or statistical independence of consecutive numbers) are usually sufficient for practical purposes, and unlike true random numbers, pseudorandom numbers are Random numbers are easily generated by computers. Specifically, the random change of the orientation of the reflection surface element can be realized by the random change or selection of the pitch angle and the random change or selection of the azimuth angle, and the range of these angles depends on the observation range of the preset dynamic feature.

In one embodiment, the diffusely reflective structure forms a smooth surface S(x,y).

The diffuse reflection structure can be one or more smooth curved surfaces S, and each area of the curved surface S can also be oriented using the pitch angle and the azimuth angle. Of course, other parameters can also be used to determine the orientation of the surface area, especially parameters that are orthogonal to each other, such as two orthogonal components of the direction of the surface area. In order to generate sufficiently fine patterns and continuously changing dynamic features, the length of the wave characteristic of the reflective surface S, that is, the average distance between adjacent wave crests and wave troughs, is preferably smaller than the recognition ability of the human eye, which is the recognition ability at the photopic distance. Typically about 100 microns, closer distances increase the resolution. Therefore, the average distance between adjacent peaks and valleys should not be greater than 100 microns. On the other hand, if the distance is too small, the light will be diffracted significantly, which will affect the color stability of dynamic features. A distance in the range of 5 micrometers to 100 micrometers can produce sufficiently fine features without producing significant diffractive iridescence, and is further preferably 10 micrometers to 30 micrometers. The average distance between wave crests and wave troughs in surface S can be calculated by the following method. Select a square area with area A in S, find the number N of crests contained in the area A, and consider that the number of crests and troughs is basically the same, then the above average distance

The surface S is continuous and smooth, that is, the surface has no breakpoints and cracks, and the surface has no edges and corners, which mathematically satisfies the first derivative

are basically continuous. For example, the surface defined by the equation S(x,y)=sin(2πx/p _x )sin(2πy/p _y ) is continuous and smooth in both x and y directions, and P _x and P _y are the difference between x and y period in the y direction. Of course, the precision of actual production is limited, and the purpose of the present application can be achieved by the curved surface S being roughly smooth. In addition, the actual use does not require the curved surface S to be smooth everywhere, and most areas, such as curved surfaces with an area of more than 80%, have smooth properties, which can achieve the purpose of the present application.

The curved surface S may have periodicity in both x and y directions, for example, a curved surface determined by S(x, _y )=sin(2πx/p _x ) sin(2πy/py ). Of course, it can also have periodicity only in one direction, for example, S(x,y)=sin(2πx/p _x ), and this form also satisfies the requirement of smoothness. The surface S can also be aperiodic, which can generate a random height matrix of a matrix by a computer program, and the values of the height matrix represent several scattered points on the surface S. The aperiodic surface S can be obtained by a certain difference processing or fuzzy processing of this matrix.

In one embodiment, the colored coating is made by at least one of coating or printing.

Colored coatings include non-hollow out areas to provide colored visual features. Colored coatings can have different colors in different areas to enable color shifts in patterns in dynamic features. In particular, two complementary or nearly complementary color pairs can be used, for example, the difference in hue between the two is greater than 90°, so as to cause obvious visual abrupt changes. The colored coating can be located on the surface on the same side as the diffusely reflective structure, or on the surface on the opposite side of the diffusely reflective structure. The distance between the colored coating and the diffuse reflection structure should be as small as possible, which is more conducive to the formation of high-quality color dynamic features.

In one embodiment, the position of the micro-hollow sub-region is determined by at least one of the presentation angle of the dynamic feature and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure.

As shown in FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 schematically shows a schematic diagram of determining a micro-hollow sub-area according to an animation frame. In the animation frame 7 , a pattern area 71 and a background area 72 are included. The pattern area 71 and the background area 72 have an optical contrast visible to the human eye. Animation frame 7 is defined as being viewed in the direction of pitch=20°, azimuth=90°. The diffuse reflection structure 2 is at least not smaller than the area where the animation frame 7 is located, so that the visual information of the animation frame 7 can be completely presented. The incident light direction is set to be along the z-axis, and the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element is in the xy plane. Taking any point Pv on the pattern area 71 as an example, the corresponding point of Pv is determined in the diffuse reflection structure 2 . In the diffuse reflection structure 2, take Pv as the center point, within the range of ΔP, look for the reflection surface element that is the same as the reflection surface element determined by the angle (elevation angle=10°, azimuth angle=90°) or the angle deviation is smaller than Δω. . Appropriate control of the sizes of ΔP and Δω can always find the reflective surface element that should be hollowed out in the diffuse reflection structure 2. For example, the projection of the reflective surface element on the xy plane is a square, and its side length is 15 microns. Set ΔP= 30 microns, Δω=1°, points (10.1°, 92.2°), (9.8°, 89.7°) can be found near the Pv point in diffuse reflection structure 2, and the hollowing out of the corresponding reflection surface elements of these two points can be seen in the animation The Pv point of frame 7 produces the predicted motion pattern.

In order to achieve dynamic features, the reflective layer of the diffuse reflection structure can be hollowed out according to each pixel point of each animation frame, thereby locally changing the diffuse reflection characteristics of the diffuse reflection structure. Specifically, according to the position Pv of the pattern contained in an animation frame and the observed angle ωv, the position Ps and the corresponding angle ωs of the area to be hollowed out on the diffuse reflection structure can be found, that is, the hollow area corresponds to the pattern of . In principle, Pv and Ps should be at the same position, and ωv, ωs and the incident light angle ωi should satisfy the reflection law of geometric optics, that is, the incident light, the reflected light, and the normal of the reflecting surface are in the same plane, and the incident light The angle is equal to the reflection angle. In actual design, there may be a certain positional deviation between Pv and Ps. For example, if it is less than 100 microns, it can be defined as less than 50 microns; ωv, ωs and the incident light angle ωi can also be inaccurate. Geometry The law of reflection, for example, the deviation Δω between the normal direction of the actual hollowed-out area and the normal direction of the area to be hollowed out should be less than 3°, which can be defined as less than 0.5°. In general, define the pitch of the two reflection surface elements The angles are θ1, θ2, and the azimuth angles are

The angle between the normals of the two reflecting surface elements can be calculated by the following formula:

The way of hollowing out can use acid or alkali to chemically corrode metal materials. By setting special structures in the area to be hollowed out, by increasing the reaction contact area or creating weak points, the speed of chemical corrosion and the separation of metal layers can be accelerated. speed. The method of physical peeling can also be used, that is, a peeling layer is arranged in the area to be hollowed out, and the layer can be dissolved rapidly under specific conditions, and the coating structure attached to it will also fall off. The width of the hollow area is 0.5 micrometers to 40 micrometers, preferably 2 micrometers to 20 micrometers.

In one embodiment, the reflective layer consists of at least one of a metal coating, a dielectric coating, and a metal/dielectric stack.

In order to produce a pattern with sufficient contrast, the surface of the diffusely reflective structure is covered with a reflective layer of the same type. For example, it includes single-layer or multi-layer metal reflective layers such as Al, Ag, Ni, Cr, and Fe, or single-layer high-refractive-index dielectric layers such as ZnS and TiO ₂ , and also includes high- and low-refractive index media such as ZnS/MgF ₂ /ZnS Laminate. Further, the reflective layer can also be a metal/dielectric stack, such as ZnS/Al/ZnS, or a Fabry-Perot interference structure, such as Cr/MgF ₂ /Al. The reflective layer preferably has a color-shifting effect, that is, a change in color at different viewing angles.

As shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the color transition of dynamic features according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element 1 , the designed dynamic feature patterns can change with the viewing angle. Moving rings. In the viewing direction 1 , the first ring 81 is located above the first colored coating 51 and thus reflects the color of the first colored coating 51 . In the viewing direction 2 , the first ring 81 moves to become the moved second ring 82 , which is located above the second colored coating 52 , and thus reflects the color of the second colored coating 52 . The first colored coating 51 and the second colored coating 52 may be designed as pairs of strongly contrasting colors, such as red and green.

In one embodiment, the security element further comprises at least one or a combination of holography, Fresnel relief, macroscopic hollow features.

As shown in FIG. 6 , FIG. 6 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the effect of integrating dynamic features and Fresnel features, wherein the plane where the optically variable anti-counterfeiting element 1 is located is defined as the xy plane, and the substrate 6 is used as an isolation layer. There is a diffuse reflection structure 2 on the upper surface of the base material, and the surface of the diffuse reflection structure 2 is covered with a reflection layer 3 of the same type, and the reflection layer 3 has a micro-hollow sub-region 4 . A colored coating 5 is provided on the lower surface of the substrate 6 . A Fresnel relief structure 9 is arranged side by side with the diffuse reflection structure 2, and the surface of the Fresnel relief structure 9 covers the reflection layer 3 in the same type. The diffuse reflection structure 2 , the micro-hollow structure 4 and the colored coating 5 together form a dynamic pattern 8 . Preferably, the dynamic pattern 8 and the embossed feature 91 are designed with a related pattern, such as the same character.

There is no necessary relationship between the position of the macro hollow feature and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure. Holographic features are produced by diffraction gratings with periods ranging from 1 micron to 10 microns and depths from 100 nanometers to 300 nanometers. These structures are located on the same side of the surface as the diffusely reflective structures.

As shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the effect of integrating the dynamic feature and the macro hollow feature. The reflective coating in the area of the macro hollow feature 92 is continuously removed to form a visual feature with high light transmittance. The macroscopic hollow features 92 are not necessarily associated with the location and angular distribution of the diffusely reflective structures. Preferably, the dynamic pattern 8 and the macro hollow feature 92 adopt a related pattern design, such as the same character.

In one embodiment, the anti-counterfeiting element can be applied to the field of printing technology by at least one of anti-counterfeiting threads, anti-counterfeiting strips and anti-counterfeiting labels.

Anti-counterfeiting elements can be applied to physical objects through applications such as anti-counterfeiting threads, anti-counterfeiting strips and anti-counterfeiting labels, while anti-counterfeiting elements or anti-counterfeiting products of the same type can be used for data carriers, for example, anti-counterfeiting elements or anti-counterfeiting products are arranged in the opaque area of the data carrier. in or above the transparent window area or through-opening in the data carrier. In particular, the data carriers can be documents of value, such as bank notes, especially paper bank notes, polymer bank notes or film composite bank notes, stocks, warrants, certificates, tickets, checks, high-value tickets, However, it can also be an identification card, such as a credit card, bank card, cash card, authorization card, personal identification card, or personal information page such as a passport.

As shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 8 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a dynamic anti-counterfeiting element used on a banknote. The banknote 10 has the optically variable security element of the present application, and the security element is embedded in the banknote 10 in the form of a window security thread 101 . In addition, the anti-counterfeiting element can also be used in the form of labeling 102 , and an opening area 103 can be formed on the base material of the banknote 10 to facilitate light-transmitting observation. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to anti-counterfeiting threads and banknotes, but can be used in various anti-counterfeiting elements, such as in labels on goods and packaging, or in anti-counterfeiting documents, ID cards, passports, credit cards, health cards, etc. middle. In bank notes and similar documents, in addition to security threads and labels, wider security strips or transfer elements can be used, for example.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an anti-counterfeiting product, which includes the above-mentioned anti-counterfeiting element.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also Other elements not expressly listed, or which are inherent to such a process, method, article of manufacture, or apparatus are also included. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article of manufacture or apparatus that includes the element.

The above are merely examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of this application are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims (17)

1. An anti-counterfeiting element, characterized in that it comprises:

   diffuse reflection structure;

   a reflection layer formed on the diffuse reflection structure, the reflection layer comprising a micro-hollow sub-region; and

   a colored coating, so that the anti-counterfeiting element can exhibit dynamic features with the color of the reflective layer and the color of the colored coating;

   The position of the micro-hollow sub-region depends on the presentation angle of the dynamic features presented with the change of the observation angle and the angle distribution of the diffuse reflection structure.
2. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the reflective layer is composed of at least one of a metal plating layer, a dielectric plating layer, and a metal/dielectric stack.
3. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the colored coating has at least two colors.
4. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the diffuse reflection structure constitutes a smooth curved surface S(x, y).
5. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, further comprising:

   a substrate including opposing first and second surfaces;

   The diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the substrate, and the colored coating layer is located on the second surface of the substrate, and can present dynamic characteristics on the side of the first surface of the substrate.
6. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, further comprising:

   a substrate including opposing first and second surfaces;

   The diffuse reflection structure is located on the first surface of the substrate, the colored coating layer is located on the side of the first surface of the substrate, and can present dynamic characteristics on the side of the second surface of the substrate.
7. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, further comprising at least one or a combination of holography, Fresnel relief, and macro hollow features.
8. The anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, characterized in that, the anti-counterfeiting element is applied in the field of printing technology by at least one of anti-counterfeiting lines, anti-counterfeiting strips and anti-counterfeiting labels.
9. A method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element, comprising:

   providing a substrate comprising opposing first and second surfaces;

   forming a diffuse reflection structure on the first surface of the substrate;

   A reflective layer is covered with the same type on the surface of the diffuse reflection structure;

   A micro-hollow sub-region is formed on the reflective layer according to the presentation angle of the dynamic feature presented with the change of the observation angle and the angular distribution information of the diffuse reflection structure.
10. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 9, further comprising:

    A colored coating is formed on at least a partial area of the second surface of the substrate.
11. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 10, wherein the method further comprises:

    Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the second surface of the substrate;

    A carrier is provided and the second surface of the substrate is bonded to the carrier.
12. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 9, further comprising:

    forming a colored coating on at least a partial area of the first surface side of the substrate;

    Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the first surface of the substrate;

    A carrier is provided and the first surface of the substrate is bonded to the carrier.
13. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 12, wherein the method further comprises:

    Coating a release layer on the first surface of the substrate;

    Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the first surface of the substrate;

    A carrier is provided, the first surface of the substrate is bonded to the carrier, and the substrate is removed.
14. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 13, wherein a colored coating is formed on the first surface of the carrier.
15. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 9, further comprising:

    Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the first surface of the substrate;

    providing a carrier with a colored coating formed on a first surface of the carrier;

    Adhering the first surface of the substrate to the first surface of the carrier.
16. The method for manufacturing an anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:

    Coating an adhesive layer on one side of the second surface of the substrate;

    providing a carrier with a colored coating formed on a first surface of the carrier;

    Adhering the second surface of the substrate to the first surface of the carrier.
17. An anti-counterfeiting product is characterized by comprising the anti-counterfeiting element according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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