WO2022170697A1 - 一种射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺 - Google Patents

一种射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022170697A1
WO2022170697A1 PCT/CN2021/096907 CN2021096907W WO2022170697A1 WO 2022170697 A1 WO2022170697 A1 WO 2022170697A1 CN 2021096907 W CN2021096907 W CN 2021096907W WO 2022170697 A1 WO2022170697 A1 WO 2022170697A1
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Prior art keywords
jet
workpiece
cavity
nozzle
polishing
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PCT/CN2021/096907
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张显程
张平
李志强
韩晓宁
涂善东
刘怡心
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华东理工大学
中国航空制造技术研究院
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Publication of WO2022170697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170697A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/005—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes using a magnetic polishing agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
    • B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of material surface strengthening, and more particularly to a jet-strengthening polishing integrated device and process.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device and process for jet enhancement and polishing, so as to strengthen the complex concave surface structures such as the integral blisk of the engine vortex and the tongue and groove, with high strengthening efficiency and low cost.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a jet-strengthened polishing integrated device for surface strengthening of a workpiece to be processed, including:
  • a jet cavity which has a jet cavity, and the jet cavity communicates with the first-stage inlet
  • At least one nozzle fixed on the jet cavity, has an entrance port and an exit port that communicate with each other, the entrance port communicates with the jet cavity, and the exit port is aligned with the workpiece to be processed;
  • a polishing device includes a permanent magnet trolley and a cover plate, the permanent magnet trolley is located below the workpiece to be processed, and the cover plate is detachably placed on the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed.
  • At least one pit is provided on the inner wall of the jet cavity.
  • a resonant cavity, a first-stage throat, a self-excited oscillation cavity and a second-stage throat are arranged in sequence between the inlet and the outlet of the nozzle.
  • the length ratio of the primary throat pipe and the secondary throat pipe is 3:1.
  • outlet of the nozzle is hemispherical.
  • nozzles there are a plurality of the nozzles, and they are evenly arranged along the length direction of the jet cavity.
  • the nozzle is rotatably connected with the jet cavity.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a jet-enhanced polishing integrated process, comprising:
  • Step S1 providing a jet-strengthened polishing integrated device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, fixing the workpiece to be processed, and placing it below the outlet of the nozzle;
  • Step S2 the water in the storage is pressurized by the high-pressure pump, and then passes through the primary inlet, the jet cavity and the nozzle in sequence, and is shot to the workpiece to be processed from the outlet of the nozzle to complete the jet enhancement on the surface of the workpiece;
  • Step S3 the magnetic fluid in the storage is pressurized by the high-pressure pump and then passes through the first-level inlet, the jet cavity and the nozzle in sequence, and is shot from the outlet of the nozzle to the surface of the workpiece that has been strengthened;
  • Step S4 the cover plate is covered above the magnetic fluid, and the permanent magnet trolley moves along the preset feeding direction to realize the polishing of the surface of the workpiece to be processed.
  • the pressure of the water jet is 50-420 MPa.
  • the pressure of the magnetic fluid jet is 1-7.5MPa.
  • the jet-strengthened polishing integrated device and process of the present invention can be polished after the jet-strengthened workpiece is completed, the operation is simple, and the adjustment and maintenance are convenient;
  • the coupling effect of the primary throat, the self-excited oscillation cavity and the secondary throat can effectively improve the jet cavitation effect, thereby increasing the residual compressive stress on the surface of the workpiece to be processed and prolonging the fatigue life; Greatly improve the water jet strengthening efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a jet-enhanced polishing integrated device provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the nozzle in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a jet-enhanced polishing integrated process provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4A-Fig. 4C show residual stress diagrams after the present invention adopts the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3 to strengthen and polish respectively;
  • Fig. 5A-Fig. 5C show the residual stress diagrams after the control group adopts the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3 to strengthen respectively;
  • 6A-6C show the surface topography after the present invention adopts the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3 to strengthen and polish;
  • Figures 7A-7C show the surface topography of the control group after the enhancement of the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3, respectively.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a jet-strengthened and polished integrated device for surface-strengthening a workpiece 11, including a storage 1, a primary inlet 2, a jet cavity 3, a nozzle 100, and a polishing device,
  • the storage 1 stores water and magnetic fluid.
  • the jet cavity 3 is a cylindrical cavity with a jet cavity 31 in the axial direction.
  • the two ends of the primary inlet 2 are respectively connected with the storage 1 and the jet cavity 31.
  • the nozzle 100 On the jet chamber 3, the nozzle 100 has an inlet port 5 and an outlet port 10.
  • the inlet port 5 is communicated with the jet chamber 31.
  • the outlet port 10 is aligned with the workpiece 11 to be processed.
  • the primary inlet 2 and the jet cavity 31 enter the nozzle 100 from the inlet 5, and shoot towards the surface of the workpiece 11 through the outlet 10, so as to strengthen the workpiece 11 by jet flow.
  • the polishing device includes a permanent magnet trolley 12 and a cover plate 13, the permanent magnet trolley 12 is located under the workpiece 11 to be processed, and the cover plate 13 is detachably placed on the upper surface of the workpiece 11 to be processed.
  • the magnetic fluid in the storage 1 can pass through the primary inlet 2 and the jet chamber 31 in turn after being pressurized by the high-pressure pump, enter the nozzle 100 from the inlet 5, and pass through the outlet 10 Shoot to the surface of the workpiece 11 to be processed, and then place the cover plate 13 on the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed 11 to cover the magnetic fluid, and the permanent magnet trolley 12 can move along the preset feeding direction to realize the surface of the workpiece
  • a magnetic control system can be set in the permanent magnet trolley 12, and the action of the permanent magnet trolley 12 is controlled by the magnetic control system, so as to realize automatic polishing.
  • the nozzles 100 can be set in one or more, and when there are multiple nozzles, they can be set in series, that is, the multiple nozzles 100 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the jet cavity 3, and the workpieces 11 to be processed are sprayed by the multiple nozzles 100 at the same time.
  • Water jet which can improve the efficiency of jet reinforcement.
  • the nozzle 100 can be rotatably connected with the jet cavity 3, for example, connected with the jet cavity 3 through a rotating shaft, so that the nozzle 100 can be freely rotated, so as to precisely control the injection position and incident angle of the jet.
  • a resonant cavity 6 As shown in FIG. 2, between the inlet 5 and the outlet 10 of the nozzle 100, there are a resonant cavity 6, a primary throat 7, a self-excited oscillation cavity 8 and a secondary throat 9 which are connected in sequence in the axial direction.
  • the cavity 6 is in the shape of a trumpet with a tapered diameter.
  • the self-excited oscillation cavity 8 has a V-shaped wall. Through the V-shaped wall, the high-pressure water will generate vortex vibration to realize self-excitation. Oscillation, the primary throat pipe 7 and the secondary throat pipe 9 are both slender channels.
  • the primary throat pipe 7 mainly realizes the initial pressurization
  • the secondary throat pipe 9 mainly realizes the improvement of the cavitation rate.
  • the length ratio of the two is 3:1, which gives the best cavitation.
  • the high-pressure water entering the nozzle 100 passes through the resonant cavity 6, the first-stage throat pipe 7, the self-excited oscillation cavity 8 and the second-level throat pipe 9 in sequence, and can achieve two oscillations and two contractions, thereby effectively improving the jet cavitation effect, and then passing through the nozzle 100.
  • the ejection port 10 is ejected, the workpiece 11 to be processed is strengthened, the residual compressive stress on its surface is increased, and the fatigue life is prolonged.
  • the exit port 10 can be hemispherical, which has the advantage of reducing the area of the radiation area where the jet impinges on the surface of the workpiece, so that the strengthening effect is better.
  • the integrated device for jet enhancement and polishing provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be polished after the jet enhancement of the workpiece 11 to be processed is completed, the operation is simple, and the adjustment and maintenance are convenient; 100 is provided with a resonant cavity 6, a primary throat 7, a self-excited oscillation cavity 8 and a secondary throat 9.
  • the coupling effect of the two can effectively improve the jet cavitation effect, thereby increasing the residual compressive stress on the surface of the workpiece 11, extending the Fatigue life; water jet enhancement efficiency can be greatly improved by multi-nozzle series arrangement.
  • the present embodiment provides an integrated process of jet-enhanced polishing, including:
  • Step S1 Provide an integrated device for jet enhancement and polishing as described in Embodiment 1, and fix the workpiece to be processed under the outlet of the nozzle.
  • Step S2 The water in the storage is pressurized by the high-pressure pump and then passes through the primary inlet, the jet cavity and the nozzle in sequence, and is shot to the workpiece to be processed from the outlet of the nozzle to complete the jet enhancement on the surface of the workpiece to be processed.
  • the pressure of the water jet can be set to 50-420MPa, and the high-pressure water jet is self-excited through the pits on the inner surface of the jet cavity, and then enters the nozzle's entrance, resonance cavity, first-stage throat, self-excited oscillation cavity and two. Then, through the hemispherical exit port, it is shot to the surface of the workpiece to be processed, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the residual compressive stress and fatigue life.
  • Step S3 The magnetic fluid in the storage is pressurized by a high-pressure pump, and then passes through the primary inlet, the jet cavity and the nozzle in sequence, and is shot from the outlet of the nozzle to the surface of the workpiece that has been reinforced.
  • the pressure of the magnetic fluid jet can be set to 1-7.5 MPa, preferably 4.5 MPa.
  • Step S4 the cover plate is covered above the magnetic fluid, and the permanent magnet trolley moves along the preset feeding direction to realize the polishing of the surface of the workpiece to be processed.
  • the movement of the permanent magnet trolley can be controlled by the magnetic control system.
  • the preset feeding direction is input to the magnetic control system, and then the movement of the permanent magnet trolley is controlled by it, so as to realize the automation of polishing.
  • the residual compressive stress and surface quality of the surface can be improved, thereby improving the fatigue life thereof.
  • the following will take 7075 aluminum alloy as the research object, and use the integrated process of jet enhancement and polishing of the present invention to strengthen and polish its surface.
  • the 7075 aluminum alloy without polishing was selected as the control group for comparison, and the jet-strengthening parameters of the control group were consistent with those of the present invention.
  • Figures 4A-4C show the residual stress diagrams of the present invention using the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3 to strengthen and polish, respectively
  • Figures 5A-5C show the control group using the jets of experimental scheme 1-experimental scheme 3 respectively
  • the residual stress diagram after parameter strengthening it can be seen from the figure that under the same water jet parameters, the residual compressive stress value and residual layer depth of the aluminum alloy surface layer after polishing in the present invention are the same as those of the aluminum alloy without polishing in the control group.
  • the alloys are basically the same, indicating that the integrated process of jet-strengthened polishing of the present invention does not cause residual stress release caused by polishing.
  • Fig. 6A-Fig. 6C show the surface morphology after the present invention adopts the jet parameters of experimental scheme 1-experiment scheme 3 to strengthen and polish respectively
  • Fig. 7A-Fig. 7C show the control group using the jet of experimental scheme 1-experiment scheme 3 respectively
  • the surface morphology after parameter strengthening it can be seen from the figure that the surface morphology of the present invention is much smoother than that of the control group, indicating that the integrated process of jet enhancement and polishing of the present invention can well achieve the strengthening and polishing of precision devices. , to improve its surface quality.
  • the integrated process of jet-strengthened polishing of the present invention can improve the surface quality while increasing the residual compressive stress on the surface, thereby increasing the fatigue life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于对待加工件进行表面强化的射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺，包括：存储器（1），其内存储有水和磁流体；一级入口（2），与存储器（1）连通；射流腔体（3），具有射流腔（31），射流腔（31）与一级入口（2）连通；至少一个喷嘴（100），固定在射流腔体（3）上，具有相互连通的入射口（5）和出射口（10），入射口（5）与射流腔体（3）连通，出射口（10）对准待加工件（11）；抛光装置，包括永磁小车（12）和盖板（13），永磁小车（12）位于待加工件（11）的下方，盖板（13）可分离地放置在待加工件（11）的上表面。该射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺，可在完成待加工件的射流强化后进行抛光，操作简单，便于调整与维护。

Description

一种射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及材料表面强化领域，更具体地涉及一种射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺。
背景技术
为了提高零部件的疲劳寿命，往往采用喷丸、滚压和激光冲击等表层改性技术在金属表层引入残余压应力，但传统喷丸难以控制每个丸粒的速度、入射角度以及喷射位置，极易出现“欠喷”和“过喷”现象，甚至出现未有喷丸强化的“死角”。由于受辊子或滚珠的限制，对发动机涡整体叶盘和榫槽等复杂凹曲面类结构进行滚压也难以实现。激光冲击虽然可以强化任何照射到的位置，但由于存在成本、效率、稳定性等问题，大规模工程应用受到一定限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺，以强化发动机涡整体叶盘和榫槽等复杂凹曲面类结构，强化效率高，成本低廉。
本发明一方面提供一种射流强化抛光一体化装置，用于对待加工件进行表面强化，包括：
存储器，其内存储有水和磁流体；
一级入口，与所述存储器连通；
射流腔体，具有射流腔，所述射流腔与所述一级入口连通；
至少一个喷嘴，固定在所述射流腔体上，具有相互连通的入射口和出射口，所述入射口与所述射流腔体连通，所述出射口对准待加工件；
抛光装置，包括永磁小车和盖板，所述永磁小车位于所述待加工件的下方，所述盖板可分离地放置在所述待加工件的上表面。
进一步地，所述射流腔体的内壁上设有至少一个凹坑。
进一步地，所述喷嘴的入射口和出射口之间依次设有相连通的谐振腔、 一级喉管、自激振荡腔和二级喉管。
进一步地，所述一级喉管与所述二级喉管的长度比值为3:1。
进一步地，所述喷嘴的出射口为半球形。
进一步地，所述喷嘴有多个，且沿所述射流腔体长度方向均匀设置。
进一步地，所述喷嘴与所述射流腔体转动连接。
本发明另一方面提供一种射流强化抛光一体化工艺，包括：
步骤S1：提供一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，将待加工件固定好，并至于喷嘴的出射口下方；
步骤S2：通过高压泵对存储器内的水增压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向待加工件，完成对待加工件表面的射流强化；
步骤S3：将存储器内的磁流体通过高压泵加压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向已完成强化的待加工件表面；
步骤S4：将盖板覆盖在磁流体上方，永磁小车沿预设进给方向运动，实现待加工件表面的抛光。
进一步地，所述步骤S2中，水射流的压力为50-420MPa。
进一步地，所述步骤S3中，磁流体射流的压力为1-7.5MPa。
本发明的射流强化抛光一体化装置及工艺，可在完成待加工件的射流强化后进行抛光，操作简单，便于调整与维护；通过在射流腔体内设置凹坑、并在喷嘴内设置谐振腔、一级喉管、自激振荡腔和二级喉管，两者的耦合效果可以有效提升射流空化效果，从而提高待加工件表面残余压应力，延长疲劳寿命；通过多喷嘴串联式设置可极大的提高水射流强化效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的射流强化抛光一体化装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的喷嘴的结构示意图；
图3为本发明另一实施例提供的射流强化抛光一体化工艺的流程图；
图4A-图4C显示了本发明分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化并抛光后的残余应力图；
图5A-图5C显示了对照组分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化后的残余应力图；
图6A-图6C显示了本发明分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化并抛光后的表面形貌；
图7A-图7C显示了对照组分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化后的表面形貌。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，给出本发明的较佳实施例，并予以详细描述。
实施例一
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种射流强化抛光一体化装置，用于对待加工件11进行表面强化，包括存储器1、一级入口2、射流腔体3、喷嘴100和抛光装置，存储器1内存储有水和磁流体，射流腔体3为一柱形腔体，沿轴向具有射流腔31，一级入口2的两端分别与存储器1和射流腔31连通，喷嘴100固定在射流腔体3上，喷嘴100具有入射口5和出射口10，入射口5与射流腔31连通，出射口10对准待加工件11，存储器1内的水经过高压泵加压后可依次通过一级入口2、射流腔31，从入射口5进入喷嘴100，并通过出射口10射向待加工件11的表面，从而对待加工件11进行射流强化，射流腔体31内壁上可设置至少一个凹坑4，高压水流经凹坑4时会产生冲击反馈，从而实现自激振荡，经过自激振荡后再进入喷嘴100，这样可以使水的空化效率更高，强化效果更好。抛光装置包括永磁小车12和盖板13，永磁小车12位于待加工件11下方，盖板13则可分离地放置在待加工件11的上表面，当进行射流强化时，盖板13不放置在待加工件11上，当射流强化完成后，存储器1的磁流体经过高压泵加压后可依次通过一级入口2、射流腔31，从入射口5进入喷嘴100，并通过出射口10射向待加工件11的表面，然后再将盖板13放置在待加工件11的上表面，盖住磁流体，永磁小车12则可沿预设进给方向运动，从而实现待加工件表面的抛光，永磁小车12内可设置磁控系统，由磁控系统控制永磁小车12的行动，从而实现自动抛光。
喷嘴100可以设置为一个或多个，当设置为多个时，可采用串联式设 置，即多个喷嘴100沿射流腔体3的轴向均匀设置，由多个喷嘴100同时对待加工件11喷射水射流，这样可以提升射流强化的效率。
喷嘴100可与射流腔体3转动连接，例如，通过转轴与射流腔体3连接，使喷嘴100可以自由旋转，从而精确控制射流的喷射位置和入射角度。
如图2所示，喷嘴100的入射口5和出射口10之间设置有依次沿轴向相连通的谐振腔6、一级喉管7、自激振荡腔8和二级喉管9，谐振腔6为直径渐缩的喇叭状，高压水通过该喇叭状结构时，可以实现谐振，自激振荡腔8具有V型壁面，通过该V型壁面，高压水会产生涡旋振动，实现自激振荡，一级喉管7与二级喉管9均为细长通道，其中一级喉管7主要实现初步增压，二级喉管9主要实现空化率的提升，两者的长度比为3:1，这样可以使空化效果最好。进入喷嘴100的高压水依次通过谐振腔6、一级喉管7、自激振荡腔8和二级喉管9，可以实现两次振荡和两次收缩，从而有效提升射流空化效果，然后通过出射口10射出，对待加工件11进行强化，提高其表面残余压应力，延长疲劳寿命。
出射口10可以为半球形，这样的好处是减少射流冲击工件表面的辐射区域面积，使强化效果更好。
本发明实施例提供的射流强化抛光一体化装置，可在完成待加工件11的射流强化后进行抛光，操作简单，便于调整与维护；通过在射流腔体31内设置凹坑4、并在喷嘴100内设置谐振腔6、一级喉管7、自激振荡腔8和二级喉管9，两者的耦合效果可以有效提升射流空化效果，从而提高待加工件11表面残余压应力，延长疲劳寿命；通过多喷嘴串联式设置可极大的提高水射流强化效率。
实施例二
如图3所示，本实施例提供一种射流强化抛光一体化工艺，包括：
步骤S1：提供一种如实施例一中所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，将待加工件固定好，并至于喷嘴的出射口下方。
步骤S2：通过高压泵对存储器内的水增压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向待加工件，完成对待加工件表面的射流强化。
水射流的压力可设置为50-420MPa，通过射流腔体内表面的凹坑对高压水射流进行自激振荡，然后分别进入喷嘴的入射口、谐振腔、一级喉管、自激振荡腔和二级喉管，然后经过半球形出射口，射向待加工件表面，达到提高残余压应力和疲劳寿命的目的。
步骤S3：将存储器内的磁流体通过高压泵加压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向已完成强化的待加工件表面。
磁流体射流的压力可设置为1-7.5MPa，优选为4.5MPa。
步骤S4：将盖板覆盖在磁流体上方，永磁小车沿预设进给方向运动，实现待加工件表面的抛光。
永磁小车的运动可由磁控系统控制，例如，先将预设进给方向输入至磁控系统，然后由其控制永磁小车的运动，从而实现抛光的自动化。
本实施例提供的射流强化抛光一体化工艺，通过对待加工件依次进行射流强化和抛光，可提高表面残余压应力和表面质量，从而提升其疲劳寿命。
下面将以7075铝合金为研究对象，采用本发明的射流强化抛光一体化工艺对其表面进行强化抛光，根据不同的射流参数，制定多组实验方案，如表1所示，为了证明本发明的效果，选择不进行抛光的7075铝合金作为对照组进行对比，对照组的射流强化参数与本发明的一致。
表1水射流强化实验方案
Figure PCTCN2021096907-appb-000001
图4A-图4C显示了本发明分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化并抛光后的残余应力图，图5A-图5C显示了对照组分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化后的残余应力图，从图中可以看出，在同一方案的水射流参数下，本发明进行抛光后的铝合金表层残余压应力值和残余层深都与对照组未进行抛光的铝合金基本一致，说明本发明的射流强化抛光一体化工艺并未出现抛光带来的残余应力释放。
图6A-图6C显示了本发明分别采用实验方案1-实验方案3的射流参数强化并抛光后的表面形貌，图7A-图7C显示了对照组分别采用实验方案1-实 验方案3的射流参数强化后的表面形貌，从图中可以看出，本发明的表面形貌平整程度远高于对照组，说明本发明的射流强化抛光一体化工艺可以很好的实现精密器件的强化与抛光，提升其表面质量。
综上所述，本发明的射流强化抛光一体化工艺在提升表面残余压应力的同时，还可以使表面质量得到较大的提升，从而提高疲劳寿命。
以上所述的，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围，本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰，皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种射流强化抛光一体化装置，用于对待加工件进行表面强化，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，其内存储有水和磁流体；
    一级入口，与所述存储器连通；
    射流腔体，具有射流腔，所述射流腔与所述一级入口连通；
    至少一个喷嘴，固定在所述射流腔体上，具有相互连通的入射口和出射口，所述入射口与所述射流腔体连通，所述出射口对准待加工件；
    抛光装置，包括永磁小车和盖板，所述永磁小车位于所述待加工件的下方，所述盖板可分离地放置在所述待加工件的上表面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述射流腔体的内壁上设有至少一个凹坑。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴的入射口和出射口之间依次设有相连通的谐振腔、一级喉管、自激振荡腔和二级喉管。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述一级喉管与所述二级喉管的长度比值为3:1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴的出射口为半球形。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴有多个，且沿所述射流腔体长度方向均匀设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴与所述射流腔体转动连接。
  8. 一种射流强化抛光一体化工艺，其特征在于，包括：
    步骤S1：提供一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的射流强化抛光一体化装置，将待加工件固定好，并至于喷嘴的出射口下方；
    步骤S2：通过高压泵对存储器内的水增压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向待加工件，完成对待加工件表面的射流强化；
    步骤S3：将存储器内的磁流体通过高压泵加压后依次经过一级入口、射流腔体和喷嘴，由喷嘴的出射口射向已完成强化的待加工件表面；
    步骤S4：将盖板覆盖在磁流体上方，永磁小车沿预设进给方向运动，实现待加工件表面的抛光。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的射流强化抛光一体化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，水射流的压力为50-420MPa。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的射流强化抛光一体化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，磁流体射流的压力为1-7.5MPa。
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