WO2022167156A1 - Amidons thermiquement modifies - Google Patents
Amidons thermiquement modifies Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022167156A1 WO2022167156A1 PCT/EP2022/025041 EP2022025041W WO2022167156A1 WO 2022167156 A1 WO2022167156 A1 WO 2022167156A1 EP 2022025041 W EP2022025041 W EP 2022025041W WO 2022167156 A1 WO2022167156 A1 WO 2022167156A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- waxy
- thermally modified
- citrate
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000247812 Amorphophallus rivieri Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001206 Amorphophallus rivieri Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010749 Vicia faba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010485 konjac Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001685 Amylomaize Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 14
- 241000219843 Pisum Species 0.000 description 13
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019759 Maize starch Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000721179 Clarias Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014594 pastries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Inorganic materials [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004456 color vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002477 conductometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011950 custard Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001328 optic nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009931 pascalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000999 sodium citrate dihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/12—Degraded, destructured or non-chemically modified starch, e.g. mechanically, enzymatically or by irradiation; Bleaching of starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/02—Esters
- C08B31/04—Esters of organic acids, e.g. alkenyl-succinated starch
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermally modified starch produced by the acid route, characterized in that it has a free and fixed citrate rate, a temperature at the maximum swelling of the starch grains and a level of sedimentation while quite special.
- the invention also relates to a thermally modified starch produced by the acid route, having a coloration, expressed in L* (clarity) and in Yie (yellow), of the order of that of native starches.
- the invention also relates to a particular process for the production at acid pH of such thermally modified starches, starch whose viscosity is stabilized following this heat treatment.
- the treatment by acid means here a treatment of the starch in the milk phase at a pH of between 4 and 6, with a powder of sodium citrate and citric acid.
- Starches have always been used in the food industry, not only as a nutritious ingredient but also for their technological properties, as a thickening, binding, stabilizing or gelling agent.
- native starches are used in preparations requiring cooking.
- Corn starch in particular, is the basis of “custard powders”.
- starch is of limited application due to syneresis, but also due to:
- the modification of the starch then aims to correct one or some of the defects mentioned above, thus improving its versatility and satisfying consumer demand.
- Starch modification techniques have been broadly classified into four categories: physical, chemical, enzymatic and genetic, the purpose being to produce various derivatives with optimized physicochemical properties.
- the chemical treatment consists in introducing functional groups into the starch, which remarkably alters its physico-chemical properties.
- Such modifications of native granular starches indeed profoundly alter the behavior in gelatinization, sticking and retrogradation.
- HMT Heat Moisture Treatment
- annealing (Anglo-Saxon term “annealing"), consisting in treating the starch in excess of water, at temperatures below the gelatinization temperature, in order to approach the glass transition temperature;
- the starch changes from type B to type A after treatment, thus acquiring a gelatinization temperature that increases significantly;
- thermal inhibition means the dehydration of a starch until it reaches the anhydrous or substantially anhydrous state (i.e. ⁇ 1% humidity), then a heat treatment at more than 100°C for a period of time sufficient to "inhibit" the starch, in this case to confer on it properties of cross-linked starches. It is also necessary to place the starch in at least neutral pH conditions
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) preferably alkaline before proceeding to the advanced dehydration step.
- An alternative treatment by "thermal inhibition" has been proposed in the solvent phase, which consists in heating a non-pregelatinized granular starch in an alcoholic medium, in the presence of a base and salts, at a temperature of 120° to 200°C. , for 5 minutes to 2 hours.
- the thermal inhibition process then leads to obtaining a starch paste having properties of increased resistance to viscosity rupture, and a non-cohesive texture.
- the technical field to which the invention relates is that of treatment by thermal inhibition of starch, without hydroalcoholic solvent.
- the main steps are:
- a starch alkalization step making it possible to bring the pH of the starch suspension to a value between 7 and 10, preferably between 8 and 10.
- the water content of the starch (as exemplified) is then between 8 and 10%.
- US 2001/0017133 describes a similar process, in which the starch is also dehydrated below 125° C. before the inhibition process is started (at a temperature of more than 100° C., preferably between 120 and 180° C., more preferably between 140 and 160° C.) for a period of up to 20 hours, preferably between 3 hours 30 and 4 hours 30.
- the conventional alkalization step results in a starch suspension having a pH value of between 7.5 and 11.2, preferably between 8 and 9.5, and a water content of between 2 and 15%.
- a variant has been proposed in patent application WO 2014/042537, a variant which relates to heating an alkaline starch to temperatures between 140 and 190° C., ensuring that the inhibition process either initiated and conducted in the presence of water in sufficient quantity, i.e. more than 1% water.
- this method recommends thermally inhibiting a previously alkalized starch without carrying out a dehydration step.
- the thermal inhibition is then carried out directly on this powder or this starch, at a temperature of between 140 and 190° C., preferably between 140 and 180° C., for a period of 30 minutes.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) pH value, considered to be its natural pH value, or a "neutralization” step (by adding acid or base) is carried out to reach this pH range. This step can take up to 24 hours.
- a citrate or citric acid pH buffer is added in order to bring the pH of the starch milk to a pH value of between 4 and 6. This step may take up to 24 hours.
- the invention relates to a thermally modified starch produced by an acid route, characterized in that it has a free citrate level of less than 0.05% and a fixed citrate level of between 0.05 and 0, 15%.
- the thermally modified starch according to the present invention has:
- a sedimentation volume of between 20 and 65 ml, preferably between 25 and 40 ml.
- this thermally modified starch has a color expressed as an L* value of between 90 and 98, preferably between 94 and 98, and/or as a Yie value of between 6 and 25, preferably between and 6 and 15. , more preferably between 6 and 9.
- the dosage of the citrates of the thermally modified starches of the invention is carried out by HPLC on the washed and hydrolyzed product, according to the conditions as presented below.
- the dosage of free citrates makes it possible to validate the use of said starches thermally in "Clean Label" applications, and that of the fixed citrates makes it possible to determine the degree of functionalization expressed by the products of the thermal reaction by acid route on the starches.
- the products of the invention have a free citrate content of less than 0.05%, which is lower than the free citrate content of products of the same category of the state of the art (such as those obtained according to the process taught by international patent application WO 2020/139997 or marketed), the measured value of which is between 0.07 and 0.09%.
- the thermally modified starches in accordance with the invention have a fixed citrate rate of between 0.05 and 0.15%, whereas the products of the same category of the state of the art (such as those obtained according to the process taught by the
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) international patent application WO 2020/139997 or marketed) have values of the order of 0.24 to 0.39%.
- the viscosity measurements of the thermally modified starches in accordance with the invention are carried out on an RVA 4800 device and make it possible to show a shift in the bursting temperature of the starch grains at the viscosity peak.
- thermally modified starches in accordance with the invention are also characterized by their sedimentation capacity.
- test is carried out in test specimens, and the lower the settling volume, the higher the level of functionalization.
- the settling volume of the products in accordance with the invention is between 25 and 40 ml, which reflects a high level of crosslinking which gives them this high functionality and resistance.
- thermally modified starches in accordance with the invention are finally characterized by a coloration equivalent to that of the native starches which served as the basis for their manufacture.
- the thermally modified starches can be obtained by a process comprising the steps consisting in:
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) (H) add sodium citrate and citric acid powder directly to the starch milk so as to obtain a pH between 4 and 6,
- the starch to be used in the process of the invention can be of any origin, for example corn, waxy corn, amyloma, wheat, waxy wheat, peas, fava beans, beans, potato, waxy potato, tapioca, waxy tapioca, rice, konjac, taken alone or in combination.
- corn starch will be chosen, more particularly waxy corn starch (with a high amylopectin content, as will be exemplified below, or pea starch.
- the process in accordance with the invention first requires the preparation of a starch milk with a dry matter of between 30 and 40%, preferably between 35 and 37% by weight. As will be exemplified below, the dry matter is set at 36.5% by weight.
- the second step of the process according to the invention consists in introducing into the starch milk a mixture of sodium citrate and powdered citric acid so as to bring the pH of the starch milk to a value comprised between 4 and 6, as will be exemplified below.
- the preparation After filtration, the preparation is dried to an equilibrium humidity of the starch of the order of at most 13%.
- the drying can be done at 60° C. in a Retsch laboratory dryer, but also in a hood with its natural ventilation at ambient temperature, or in a pilot/industrial dryer, at a temperature of more than 100° C.
- the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature at least equal to 160° C., preferably between 170° C. and 210° C., for a period ranging from 0.5 at 3 hours of reaction.
- the heating can be carried out in a ventilated oven, in a pilot or industrial device of the Turbodryer type, reaction fluidized bed or blade roaster (known as a “paddle roaster”).
- the products After heat treatment, the products are resuspended at 36% by weight of dry matter.
- the pH is rectified with soda between 5.5 and 6, then is finally filtered, dried and ground.
- thermally modified starches thus obtained will be advantageously used, depending on their respective properties, as thickening agent or texturizing agent in food applications.
- the method implemented here is adapted from the European Pharmacopoeia - official edition in force - Conductivity ( ⁇ 2.2.38).
- KNICK 703 electronic conductivity meter also equipped with its measurement cell and checked according to the procedure described in the related instruction manual.
- a solution containing 20 g of sample in powder form and 80 g of distilled water having a resistivity greater than 500,000 ohms is prepared. cm.
- the measurement is carried out at 20°C using the conductivity meter, referring to the procedure indicated in the user manual of the device.
- the method implemented here is adapted from the European Pharmacopoeia - official edition in force - pH ( ⁇ 2.2.3).
- a suspension of the sample to be analyzed is prepared at 20% (W/W) and the pH value is determined using a laboratory pH meter, referring to the mode
- the citrate assay is carried out:
- the citrate ion is detected by conductimetry. Quantification is done by the internal calibration method.
- the filtrate is returned to a 250 ml beaker, dispersed in 200 ml of deionized water and stirred for 20 minutes. Filtered again and rinsed with 200 ml of demineralised water.
- the filtered product is dried in a laboratory oven overnight, then ground so as to avoid lumps.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) distilled equal to (100 - P), 100 ml of 2N hydrochloric acid and some boiling regulators (granular pumice stone). Place in the electric mantle under reflux condenser and leave for 45 minutes from boiling. Cool then neutralize with 40% sodium hydroxide solution to pH 7.
- the citrate ion content in % is determined by the following equation:
- This measurement is carried out at pH 4 under determined concentration conditions and according to an appropriate temperature/time analysis profile.
- the product to be analyzed is prepared as follows:
- a mass of 1.37 g of the dry product to be analyzed is placed directly in the bowl of the viscometer, and citrate buffer solution pH 4 is introduced until a mass equal to 28.00 ⁇ 0.01 is obtained. g.
- the time/temperature and speed analysis profile in the RVA is then carried out as follows:
- RVU unit used to express the viscosity obtained on the RVA
- the temperature at the peak of swelling between 2 and 17 minutes is added to the analysis profile.
- the product is dispersed in an aqueous medium and the decanted volume is measured.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) transfer to a 100 ml test tube and measure the decanted volume after 24 hours.
- Colorimetric measurement is based on opposing color theory which specifies that the responses of cones (cells in the retina of the human eye responsible for color vision) to the colors red, green and blue are recombined into opposing "black- white >>, "red-green” and “yellow-blue” when transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve.
- This measurement is based on the color scales widely used in the food and polymer industries, called CIELAB's L*, a*, b* scales.
- red-green the positive values of which are attributed to red; negative values are assigned to green; 0 is neutral
- the index “L*” therefore has a value between 0 and 100, while the indices "b*” and “a*” have no numerical limitations.
- the measuring device is typically a Colorflex EZ spectrocolorimeter, following the manufacturer's specifications (Manual version 1.2 of August 2013 for CFEZ firmware version 1.07 and higher - see pages 17 and 38).
- the measurement is carried out in a 64 mm glass sample dish into which the sample is introduced so as to half fill the glass dish to have enough material to properly cover the surface in contact with the radii (for measurement homogeneity).
- the Yie (Yellowness Index) is a number calculated from spectrophotometric data that describes the change in color of a tested sample from "clear or white” to "yellow", well known to those skilled in the art. .
- WAXILYS® corn starch is introduced, then suspended in demineralized water for a total dry matter (DM) of 36.5% by weight.
- DM demineralized water
- Sodium citrate and citric acid are added to the starch milk directly in powder form so as to obtain a pH of 4.
- Stabilization is expected for at least 30 minutes and the pH and conductivity of the suspension are measured.
- Thermomix grinder It is ground on a Thermomix grinder in order to break up the starch and prevent the formation of aggregates.
- the dish is introduced into the MEMMERT ventilated oven previously heated to 170°C.
- the stopwatch is started as soon as the cups are introduced, and they come out according to the chosen reaction kinetics.
- IKA Humidity, pH, conductivity, color (L* and Yie), RVA 4800 viscosity on washed products and sedimentation test.
- Products are obtained after washing whose pH is between 4.6 and 6.5 and a conductivity between 176 pS and 336 pS.
- the Yie (yellow) colorations are between 6.4 and 11.7. By comparison the native base Waxy a Yie of 8.1 1 .
- Figure 2 presents the measurement of the temperature at the bursting peak between 2 and 17 minutes, and it is observed that after 1 h of reaction at 170°C, the products generated all have a maximum temperature of 140°C.
- the highly functional or very resistant thermally modified starches are therefore obtained from 1 hour of reaction at 170°C.
- the free citrate content of the waxy starch base of 0.18% represents the quantity of citrate which has impregnated the starch and will be used for the heat treatment reaction.
- the quantity of citrate fixed after reaction at 170° C., for the thermally modified starches of the invention is from 0.09 to 0.1 1, much lower than the levels of the inhibited starches obtained according to the method of the state art.
- Example 2 Preparation of thermally modified starches in a VOMM turbodryer.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
- the product thus obtained is heat treated in continuous turbojets of the VOMM type in series, the setpoint temperature of which is fixed at 210° C. and configured to subject the product to a residence time of between 20 and 35 min, and in such a way that that the temperature difference between the setpoint and the temperature of the product leaving the reactor, which is called Delta T, is of a value of the order of 22°C.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The pH of the products obtained, after washing, is between 4.5 and 6 and has a conductivity of less than 200 pS.
- the Yie (yellow) colorations are between 11.34 and 22.02.
- RVA 4800 viscosity results at 140°C on the washed products are shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
- Fig. 4 shows the measurement of the temperature at the bursting peak between 2 and 17 minutes, and it is observed that after 20 min of reaction at 210°C, the products generated all have a temperature greater than 100°C, it is necessary to minimum 35 min of reaction to have a product with a maximum temperature of 140°C.
- Example 3 preparation of thermally modified starches in a reaction fluidized bed
- pH 6 If necessary adjust the desired pH (here pH 6) with NaOH or HCl.
- the product thus obtained is heat-treated in a Reaction Fluidized Bed (LFR of the SCHWING brand), the quantity used in the reactor is approximately 9 kg anhydrous, the gas velocity (50/50 AIR + NITROGEN mixture) is 10 to 12 cm/s and the set temperature is fixed at 160°C. The point T0 of the reaction is determined as soon as the desired temperature is reached.
- the products obtained after washing have pHs between 5.8 and 6.3 and a conductivity of less than 200 pS.
- the Yie (yellow) colorations are between 10 and 15.
- the native WAXILYS maize starch base has a Yie of 8.1.
- RVA 4800 viscosity measurement at 140°C on washed products
- the RVA 4800 viscosity curves are represented in the graph of FIG. 6.
- Fig. 7 shows the result of the temperature measurement at the burst peak between 2 and 17 minutes. It is observed that during the thermal reaction at 160°C the burst temperature at the PIC (between 2 and 17') increases and that after 3 hours of reaction at 160°C, a maximum of 140°C is reached.
- the free citrate content of the Waxy starch base of 0.17% represents the amount of citrate which has impregnated the starch and will be used for the heat treatment reaction.
- the quantity of citrate fixed after reaction at 160° C., for the thermally modified starches of the invention is 0.08%, lower than the levels of the inhibited starches obtained according to the process of the state of the art.
- Example 4 preparation of thermally modified starches in a PADDLE dryer (from ANDRITZ GOUDA)
- pH 6 If necessary adjust the desired pH (here pH 6) with NaOH or HCl.
- the product thus obtained is heat-treated in a PADDLE DRYER (ANDRITZ GOUDA), whose steam setpoint temperature is set at 185°C and feed rate of 60 kg/h.
- the contact time in the machine at this flow rate is set at 185°C and feed rate of 60 kg/h.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) is about 30 minutes.
- the product outlet temperature is 183°C.
- SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The product obtained after washing has a pH of between 5.5 and 6, and a conductivity of less than 200 pS.
- the Yie (yellow) staining is 9.7.
- the WAXILYS® native corn starch base has a Yie of 8.1.
- the free citrate content of the Waxy starch base is 0.14% representing the amount of citrate that has impregnated the starch and will be used for the heat treatment reaction.
- the quantity of citrate fixed after reaction at 185° C., for the thermally modified starches of the invention is 0.08%, lower than the levels of the inhibited starches obtained according to the process of the state of the art.
- Example 5 Use of heat-treated starches according to the invention in the preparation of oyster sauce
- the thermally modified starches as obtained in Example 2 i.e. Trial 034, Trial 035 and Trial 036 in the preparation of oyster sauce, will be evaluated by comparing the color, swelling capacity, freeze-thaw stability.
- Samples are stored at room temperature (25°C) and 50°C respectively to observe stability.
- the texture analyzer can make a numerical expression of the physical properties of the sample, and it is an accurate sensory quantification. It is a measuring instrument used in the quality control of various foods.
- Sensory characterization is used to assess starch and oyster sauce characteristics including color, syneresis, and physical sensation.
- CLEARAM® 3010 is the most stable to the freeze/thaw cycle, the other starches having equivalent behavior.
- the texture and consistency measurements were carried out at 25° C. (room temperature).
- pea starch N735 is introduced, then suspended in demineralized water for a total dry matter (DM) of 36.5% by weight.
- DM demineralized water
- Sodium citrate and citric acid are added directly to the starch milk in powder form so as to obtain a pH of 4.
- Stabilization is expected for at least 30 minutes and the pH and conductivity of the suspension are measured.
- Thermomix grinder It is ground on a Thermomix grinder in order to break up the starch and prevent the formation of aggregates.
- the dish is introduced into the MEMMERT ventilated oven previously heated to 170°C.
- the stopwatch is started as soon as the cups are inserted. Cups are removed depending on the reaction kinetics chosen, here after 45 min, 1 h and 2 h of heat treatment time
- IKA Humidity, pH, conductivity, color (L* and Yie), RVA 4800 viscosity on washed products and sedimentation test.
- the Yie (yellow) colorations are between 7.87 and 26.48.
- the native pea base has a Yie of 5.82.
- a control was added: a CLEARAM® LI4000 crosslinked pea starch marketed by the applicant company, having a crosslinking rate expressed as fixed phosphorus of 0.4% maximum.
- Fig. 16 presents the measurement of the temperature at the peak of bursting between 2 and 17 minutes, and it is observed that after 2 hours of reaction at 170°C, the products generated have a maximum temperature of 140°C equivalent to CLEARAM® LI4000 , chemically modified pea starch.
- pea starch base is very sensitive to heat treatment and reacts more quickly than waxy maize starch since lower sedimentation volumes are obtained for pea than for waxy maize for the same treatment time. thermal.
- pea starch without impregnation also reacts to heat treatment since after 2 reactions we already obtain a product with a settling volume of 50. Impregnation with citrate buffer therefore makes it possible to accelerate transformation and limit coloring .
- the free citrate content of the pea starch base of 0.16% represents the quantity of citrate which has impregnated the starch and will be used for the heat treatment reaction.
- the quantity of citrate fixed after reaction at 170° C., for the thermally modified starches of the invention based on pea starches, is from 0.1 1 to 0.13%.
- Example 7 Comparison of the sedimentation, coloring and viscosity values of the thermally modified starches according to the invention with those of certain commercial products of the same category
- Tests 011 A, 01 1 B and 01 1 E obtained in Example 1 and 071 GL of Example 3 are reported in the following table, in comparison
- the process of the invention makes it possible to decline a range of products, some of which have properties equivalent or even superior to commercial products.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA3206207A CA3206207A1 (fr) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-02-04 | Amidons thermiquement modifies |
CN202280012743.3A CN116848149A (zh) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-02-04 | 一种热改性淀粉 |
EP22704866.7A EP4288463A1 (fr) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-02-04 | Amidons thermiquement modifies |
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FR2101080 | 2021-02-04 | ||
FR2101080A FR3119391B1 (fr) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Amidons thermiquement modifiés |
FRFR2200523 | 2022-01-21 | ||
FR2200523 | 2022-01-21 |
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WO2022167156A1 true WO2022167156A1 (fr) | 2022-08-11 |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6221420B1 (en) | 1993-07-30 | 2001-04-24 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Foods containing thermally-inhibited starches and flours |
US20010017133A1 (en) | 1993-07-30 | 2001-08-30 | Chung-Wai Chiu | Thermally-inhibited non-pregelatinized granular starches and flours and process for their preparation |
US6531592B1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2003-03-11 | Roquette Freres | Process for modifying starchy materials in the dry phase |
WO2014042537A1 (fr) | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-20 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Amidon modifié par voie hydrothermique |
WO2020139997A1 (fr) | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Corn Products Development, Inc | Amidon inhibé thermiquement et son procédé de préparation |
-
2022
- 2022-02-04 CA CA3206207A patent/CA3206207A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-02-04 WO PCT/EP2022/025041 patent/WO2022167156A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-02-04 EP EP22704866.7A patent/EP4288463A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6221420B1 (en) | 1993-07-30 | 2001-04-24 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Foods containing thermally-inhibited starches and flours |
US20010017133A1 (en) | 1993-07-30 | 2001-08-30 | Chung-Wai Chiu | Thermally-inhibited non-pregelatinized granular starches and flours and process for their preparation |
US6531592B1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2003-03-11 | Roquette Freres | Process for modifying starchy materials in the dry phase |
WO2014042537A1 (fr) | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-20 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Amidon modifié par voie hydrothermique |
WO2020139997A1 (fr) | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Corn Products Development, Inc | Amidon inhibé thermiquement et son procédé de préparation |
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