WO2022165879A1

WO2022165879A1 - Three-stage rotary furnace

Info

Publication number: WO2022165879A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/077799
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姜良军; 李兵成; 马贵权; 周林; 刘扬; 常鄂刚; 卓超
Original assignee: 湖南鼎玖能源环境科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-25
Publication date: 2022-08-11

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a three-stage rotary furnace, comprising a drum, a furnace head device, a furnace tail device, a solid-phase conveying device, a follow-up jacket and an intra-furnace gas exhaust box, wherein the drum rotates continuously in one direction, the interior thereof is successively divided into a pre-drying section, a drying section and a carbonization section which are independent from each other from a feeding end to a discharging end, and the pre-drying section is in communication with the furnace head device; two ends of the solid-phase conveying device are in communication with two adjacent process sections; the follow-up jacket is fixed on a wall of the drum; the drying section and the carbonization section are indirect heating sections; and the pre-drying section is an indirect heating section and/or a direct heating section. The intra-furnace exhaust box is fixedly arranged, an outer wall of the drying section is rotationally connected to the intra-furnace exhaust box in a sealing manner, a drum wall of the drying section is provided with a gas output pipe group which is in communication with the intra-furnace gas exhaust box and the interior of the drying section, and the intra-furnace exhaust box is provided with a second gas exhaust port and a fourth ash discharge port. By means of the three-stage rotary furnace, different processes of materials are completed in one rotary furnace, a residence time of the materials is controlled, and gas in the drying section is discharged from the intra-furnace exhaust box.

Description

Three-stage rotary furnace

This application is required to be submitted to the China Patent Office on February 04, 2021, the application number is 202110154621.5, the name of the invention is "three-stage rotary kiln", and it is required to be submitted to the China Patent Office on February 4, 2021, the application number is 202120324097.7, practical The Chinese patent priority for the new type named "Three-stage Rotary Furnace", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of environmental protection, energy and chemical equipment, in particular to a three-stage rotary furnace.

Background technique

The rotary kiln is a commonly used equipment in environmental protection, energy and chemical production. The existing rotary kiln is usually composed of a drum, a furnace head and a furnace tail. The two ends of the drum are statically and dynamically sealed, and the drum is continuously rotated in a single direction by an external driving device. The rotary kiln is an integral chamber due to the front and rear penetration of the drum, and the gas flows unhindered in the chamber, and there can only be one gas phase working condition; During rotation, the solid material inevitably tumbles to the lower end of the rotary furnace, and the residence time of the solid material in the drum cannot be effectively controlled.

When some materials are heated in a rotary kiln and require different gas phase conditions, different combinations of rotary kilns need to be used, and each rotary kiln corresponds to a process, which makes the material transfer between the rotary kilns complicated and complicated, and the materials are in different rotary kilns. It is easy to cause heat loss in the process of inter-transfer, which increases energy consumption.

To sum up, how to implement different processes of materials in the same rotary kiln and effectively control the residence time of solid materials in the drum has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-stage rotary kiln, which can effectively control the residence time of solid materials and realize the segmentation of the rotary kiln, and can complete the respective process treatment under different working conditions of each segment.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A three-stage rotary kiln includes a drum, a furnace head device and a furnace tail device, two ends of the drum are respectively connected with the furnace head device and the furnace tail device which are fixedly arranged in a rotating and sealing manner, and the drum It can rotate continuously in the same direction. The inside of the drum is divided into three independent process sections from the feed end to the discharge end by the segmented plate, which are respectively the pre-drying section, the drying section and the carbonization section. The drying section is communicated with the furnace head device, and the three-stage rotary kiln also includes:

a solid-phase conveying device, the two ends of the solid-phase conveying device are communicated with the two adjacent process sections, and are used for solid material conveying between the two adjacent process sections;

A follow-up jacket, fixed on the cylinder wall of the drum, the inside of the follow-up jacket is used to pass heating gas, the drying section and the carbonization section are indirect heating sections, and the pre-drying section is indirect heating section and/or direct heating section, the indirect heating section heats the material through the partition wall of the follower jacket, and the direct heating section directly contacts the heating material by feeding heating gas;

The exhaust box in the furnace is fixedly arranged, the drum passes through the exhaust box in the furnace, and the outer wall of the drying section is connected with the exhaust box in the furnace in a rotational and sealing manner, and the cylinder wall of the drying section A gas outlet pipe group is arranged to communicate with the exhaust box in the furnace and the inside of the drying section, and the exhaust box in the furnace is provided with a second exhaust port and a fourth ash exhaust port.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the burner device includes:

The furnace head kiln body is provided with an exhaust chamber, and the exhaust chamber is provided with a first exhaust port and a first ash discharge port, and the furnace head kiln body is fixedly connected with the The feed end of the drum is connected in a rotationally sealed manner, and the exhaust chamber is communicated with the pre-drying section;

A feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is sealed through the furnace head kiln body and extends into the pre-drying section, and the feeding mechanism is provided with a feeding port.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, when a follower jacket is fixed on the barrel wall of the pre-drying section, the follow-up jacket and the pre-drying section are both connected to the exhaust chamber. Connected.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the drum and the furnace head kiln body are communicated through a variable diameter section, and one of the feed end of the drum and the furnace head kiln body is connected to the other one. One end of the variable diameter section is fixedly connected, and the other of the feed end of the drum and the furnace head kiln body is connected with the other end of the variable diameter section in a rotary seal; the outer diameter of the variable diameter section is smaller than that of the drum the outer diameter of the remaining shaft segments.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the feed end of the drum or the furnace head kiln body is rotatably and sealedly matched with the cylinder wall of the variable diameter section through a conical surface, and the conical surface and the A sealing gasket is arranged between the cylinder walls of the variable diameter section;

Alternatively, the feeding end of the drum or the part of the furnace head kiln body that is used to rotate and cooperate with the variable diameter section is a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the variable diameter section, and the vertical plane is connected to the variable diameter section. The barrel wall of the diameter section is sealed by a seal.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, when the follower jacket is fixed on the barrel wall of the pre-drying section, the follower jacket and the pre-drying section both pass through the reducing diameter A segment communicates with the exhaust chamber.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary furnace, the furnace tail device includes:

The furnace tail kiln body, the furnace tail kiln body is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet and a discharge port, the furnace tail kiln body is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the drum directly or indirectly in a rotating and sealing connection, the furnace The tail kiln body is directly or indirectly connected with the carbonization section.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, it also includes:

a hot blast stove, the hot blast stove is used for combustion to generate heating gas, and the hot blast stove is provided with a hot gas outlet;

A hot air conveying assembly, the hot air outlet communicates with the follower jacket through the hot air conveying assembly, or the hot air outlet communicates with the follower jacket and the pre-drying section through the hot air conveying assembly.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary furnace, the hot blast furnace includes a combustion furnace body and a burner, and the combustion furnace body is provided with an air inlet, the hot gas outlet and a second ash outlet, and the burner It is communicated with the combustion furnace body, and is used for combustion in the combustion furnace body to generate heating gas, and the air inlet is used for introducing oxygen-containing gas.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary furnace, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the furnace tail kiln body is communicated with the combustion furnace body through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipe, which is used for the pyrolysis gas in the furnace tail kiln body. The gas is passed into the combustion furnace body for combustion.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary furnace, the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe is arranged in the combustion furnace body, one end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the other end enters the inside the combustion furnace body.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary furnace, the combustion furnace body is further provided with a middle partition, and the middle partition divides the combustion furnace body into a combustion area and a hot gas discharge area. Both the air inlet and the second ash discharge port are located in the combustion area, the hot gas outlet is located in the hot gas discharge area, and the combustion area communicates with the upper part of the hot gas discharge area.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the furnace tail kiln body and the combustion furnace body are an integrated structure or a split structure.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the discharge end of the drum is provided with an open opening, the furnace tail kiln body is rotatably and sealedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum, and the furnace tail kiln body is rotatably sealed. directly communicated with the carbonization section;

The hot air conveying component is a hot air conveying pipe, and the hot air conveying pipe includes:

a hot gas conveying main pipe, the hot gas conveying main pipe is connected with the hot gas outlet in a rotational and sealing manner, the axis of the hot gas conveying main pipe is coincident with the axis of the drum, and one end of the hot gas conveying main pipe is communicated with the combustion furnace body, the The other end of the hot gas delivery main pipe is closed and arranged or communicated with the pre-drying section and/or the follow-up jacket, and the part of the hot gas delivery main pipe located in the drum has one pipe or multiple parallel pipes;

The hot gas conveying branch pipe is located in the furnace tail kiln body or the drum, and both ends of the hot gas conveying branch pipe are respectively communicated with the hot gas conveying main pipe and the follow-up jacket.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the discharge end of the drum is closed and arranged, and the furnace tail kiln body is rotatably and sealedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum; the furnace tail kiln body is connected with The carbonization section is communicated through a barrel wall discharge mechanism; the barrel wall discharge mechanism is inserted into the carbonization section obliquely from the outside of the drum, and passes through the discharge end, and the barrel wall discharge mechanism The inlet of the kiln is located in the carbonization section, and the outlet of the barrel wall discharge mechanism is located in the furnace tail kiln body;

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the number of the hot gas conveying branch pipes is multiple, and the hot gas conveying branch pipes are evenly distributed in a radial shape.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, a ventilation pipe is provided in the drum, the ventilation pipe communicates with the follower jacket and the pre-drying section, and the follower is connected to the follower through the ventilation pipe. The heating gas in the jacket is passed into the pre-drying section for direct contact heating.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the hot air conveying assembly includes:

Furnace tail air intake tube, the furnace tail air intake tube is fixed and fixed, the furnace tail air intake tube is rotatably and sealedly connected with the outer peripheral wall of the drum near the discharge end, and the furnace tail air intake tube is connected with the follow-up jacket. connected, the furnace tail air inlet is provided with a hot gas inlet and a third ash outlet;

A hot gas delivery pipe, the hot gas inlet is communicated with the hot gas outlet of the combustion furnace body through the hot gas delivery pipe.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the discharge end of the drum is closed and arranged, the furnace tail kiln body is rotatably and sealedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum, and the furnace tail kiln body is connected with The carbonization section is communicated through the barrel wall discharge mechanism; the barrel wall discharge mechanism is inserted into the carbonization section obliquely from the outside of the drum, and passes through the discharge end, and the barrel wall discharge machine The inlet of the kiln is located in the carbonization section, and the outlet of the barrel wall discharge mechanism is located in the furnace tail kiln body.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the discharge end of the drum is closed and provided, and the discharge end of the drum is fixedly provided with a central discharge mechanism, and the furnace tail kiln body passes through the center discharge end. The rotary sealing connection of the charging mechanism realizes the indirect rotary sealing connection between the furnace tail kiln body and the discharge end of the drum, and the furnace tail kiln body and the carbonization section are indirectly connected through the central discharging mechanism.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the furnace tail air intake cylinder is covered outside the discharge end of the drum, and the furnace tail air intake cylinder is rotatably and sealedly connected to the outer wall of the central discharge mechanism.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, an air supply pipe and/or a ventilation pipe are arranged in the drum;

One end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the furnace tail air inlet cylinder, and the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the pre-drying section and/or the follower jacket;

The ventilation pipe communicates with the follow-up jacket and the pre-drying section, and the heating gas in the follow-up jacket is passed into the pre-drying section through the ventilation pipe for direct contact heating.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary furnace, the air supply pipeline includes an air supply main pipe and an air supply branch pipe, the air supply branch pipe is communicated with the furnace tail air inlet cylinder, and one end of the air supply main pipe is communicated with the air supply branch pipe, The other end of the air supply main pipe communicates with the drying section and/or the follower jacket, and the part of the air supply main pipe located in the drum has one pipe or a plurality of parallel pipes.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary furnace, the central discharging mechanism is a central screw discharging mechanism or a central piston discharging mechanism, and a turning plate is fixed at the inlet of the central discharging mechanism, and the turning plate is fixed at the inlet of the central discharging mechanism. The material plate is extended and fixed on the inner wall of the drum;

The center screw discharge mechanism includes:

A central discharging cylinder, one end of the central discharging cylinder is fixed on the discharging end of the drum, and the other end is connected with the furnace tail kiln body in a rotational and sealing manner, and the central discharging cylinder is connected with the furnace tail air inlet cylinder. Rotary sealing connection;

a central screw, which is rotatably arranged on the central discharge cylinder;

The second power component is drivingly connected with the central screw, and is used for driving the central screw to rotate relative to the central discharge cylinder.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the barrel wall discharging mechanism is a barrel wall screw discharging mechanism.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the solid-phase conveying device is a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor is obliquely inserted into two adjacent ones of the screw conveyors in turn from the outside of the drum. Inside the process section and passing through the segmented plate, the material inlet of the screw conveyor is located in one of the two adjacent process sections that is close to the furnace head device, and the screw conveyor is located in one of the two adjacent process sections. The material outlet of the conveyor is located in the other of the two adjacent process sections which is far from the furnace head device.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the screw conveyor includes a power part, a screw part and a cylinder, the screw part is arranged in the cylinder, and the screw part is drivingly connected with the power part , the material outlet of the screw conveyor is opened at the end of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is not provided in the part of the screw conveyor located in the process section close to the furnace head device.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the helical part is an intermittent helical or a continuous helical; and/or an end of the helical part close to the material outlet of the helical conveyor and the cylinder body There is a distance between the ends.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, a controller and a position switch are further included, and the power component and the position switch are both signally connected to the controller, and the position switch is arranged on the drum. When the solid-phase conveying device is within the material accumulation range directly below the drum, the position switch is triggered, and the controller controls the operation of the power component, which drives the screw component to move.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the position switch is any one or a combination of a photoelectric switch or a magnetic induction switch.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned three-stage rotary kiln, the solid-phase conveying device is disposed outside the drum, and the inlet and the outlet of the solid-phase conveying device are respectively adjacent to the two corresponding solid-phase conveying devices. The cylinder wall of the process section is connected.

Preferably, in the above three-stage rotary kiln, the solid phase conveying device is a screw conveyor or a piston conveyor.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The three-stage rotary furnace provided by the present invention includes a drum, a furnace head device, a furnace tail device, a solid phase conveying device, a follow-up jacket and an exhaust box in the furnace. The two ends of the drum are respectively connected with the fixed furnace head device. It is connected with the furnace tail device in rotation and sealing, and the drum can rotate continuously in the same direction. The interior of the drum is divided into three independent process sections from the feed end to the discharge end through the segment plate, which are pre-drying section and drying section in turn. It is connected with the carbonization section, and the pre-drying section is connected with the furnace head device; the two ends of the solid phase conveying device are connected with the two adjacent process sections, which are used for solid material transportation between the two adjacent process sections; the follow-up jacket is fixed on the The cylinder wall of the drum is used to pass heating gas into the follow-up jacket. The drying section and the carbonization section are indirect heating sections. The pre-drying section is an indirect heating section and/or a direct heating section. Heating the material, the direct heating section directly contacts the heating material by feeding the heating gas; the exhaust box in the furnace is fixed and fixed, the drum passes through the exhaust box in the furnace, and the outer wall of the drying section is connected with the exhaust box in the furnace in a rotating and sealing manner. The cylinder wall of the drying section is provided with a gas outlet pipe group communicating with the exhaust box in the furnace and the interior of the drying section, and the exhaust box in the furnace is provided with a second exhaust port and a fourth ash discharge port.

When working, the material is fed into the pre-drying section of the drum through the furnace head device, and the material is first heated indirectly and/or directly in the pre-drying section, and the indirect heating is carried out through the follower jacket of the drum wall to heat the partition wall and direct heating. The heating gas introduced into the pre-drying section directly contacts the material for heating, the pre-drying of the material is completed, the gas phase generated in the pre-drying section is discharged through the furnace head device, and the pre-dried solid material is moved to the drying section through the solid-phase conveying device. The follower jacket is indirectly heated to complete the drying of the material. The gas in the drying section is discharged to the exhaust box in the furnace through the gas outlet pipe group. After gravity separation, the gas is discharged from the second exhaust port, and the dust is discharged from the fourth exhaust port. The ash discharge port is discharged, and the solid material in the drying section is moved to the carbonization section through the solid phase conveying device, and the material is indirectly heated through the follow-up jacket of the carbonization section. After carbonization, biochar and pyrolysis gas are generated, and finally discharged to the furnace tail device.

Since the three process sections are completely isolated by the segmented plate, during the movement of the solid material, when the solid-phase conveying device rotates to the bottom, the solid material in the previous process section is conveyed through the solid-phase conveying device. To the next process section, you can only enter the next process section through the solid-phase conveying device. Since the solid-phase conveying device is always filled with solid-phase materials, the gas phase is not allowed to pass through. Each process section is independent of each other, realizing segmentation, Therefore, it is allowed to set different working conditions in each process section, and the material can complete the corresponding process under different working conditions of each process section in the same rotary furnace. Residence time inside the drum. And the gas in the drying section is discharged through the exhaust box in the furnace alone, and does not need to be discharged from the furnace head device, which facilitates the independent control of the gas phase working conditions in the drying section.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative work.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace tail device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the A-A section in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the B-B section in Fig. 2;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace tail device of another three-stage rotary furnace provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of another furnace tail device of a three-stage rotary furnace provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of another three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the C-C section in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the D-D section in Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is the arrangement structure schematic diagram of the exhaust box in the furnace of the three-stage rotary kiln in Fig. 7;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the structural representation of the E-E section in Fig. 11;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

16 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid phase conveying device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

17 is a schematic structural diagram of another solid phase conveying device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a schematic structural diagram of a burner device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

19 is a schematic structural diagram of another burner device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another burner device of a three-stage rotary kiln provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figures 1-20, 1 is the drum, 2 is the follower jacket, 3 is the furnace tail kiln body, 31 is the discharge port, 32 is the pyrolysis gas outlet, 4 is the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe, and 5 is the combustion Furnace body, 51 is the air inlet, 52 is the second ash outlet, 53 is the hot gas outlet, 54 is the pyrolysis gas inlet, 6 is the burner, 7 is the middle partition, 8 is the hot gas delivery pipe, and 81 is the hot gas delivery main pipe , 82 is the hot gas conveying branch pipe, 9 is the solid phase conveying device, 91 is the cylinder, 911 is the material inlet, 912 is the material outlet, 92 is the screw part, 93 is the power part, 10 is the furnace head kiln body, 101 is the first Exhaust port, 102 is the first ash discharge port, 11 is the feeding mechanism, 13 is the ventilation pipe, 14 is the furnace tail air inlet, 141 is the third ash discharge port, 142 is the hot gas inlet, 15 is the segment plate, 16 is the exhaust pipe, 17 is the center discharge mechanism, 18 is the turning plate, 19 is the cylinder wall discharge mechanism, 20 is the exhaust box in the furnace, 201 is the second exhaust port, 202 is the fourth ash discharge port, 21 is the insulation layer, 22 is the gas supply pipe, 221 is the gas supply branch pipe, 222 is the gas supply main pipe, 23 is the variable diameter section, 24 is the seal, 25 is the gas outlet pipe group, and 26 is the conical surface.

Detailed ways

The core of the invention is to provide a three-segment rotary kiln, which can effectively control the residence time of solid materials and realize the segmentation of the rotary kiln, and can complete the respective process treatments under different working conditions of each segment.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 20 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-stage rotary furnace, including a drum 1, a furnace head device, a furnace tail device, a follow-up jacket 2, a solid-phase conveying device 9 and an exhaust gas in the furnace Box 20, the two ends of the drum 1 are respectively connected with the fixed furnace head device and the furnace tail device in a rotational and sealing manner, and the drum 1 can rotate continuously and slowly in the same direction; The discharge end is divided into three independent process sections in turn, which are pre-drying section I, drying section II and carbonization section III. The gas phase and solid phase are completely isolated between each process section, and the pre-drying section I is connected to the furnace head device. ; The two ends of the solid-phase conveying device 9 are connected with two adjacent process sections, and are used for solid material transportation between the two adjacent process sections; the follow-up jacket 2 is fixed on the cylinder wall of the drum 1, and the follow-up jacket 2 is used to introduce heating gas, drying section II and carbonization section III are indirect heating sections, pre-drying section I is indirect heating section and/or direct heating section, and the indirect heating section heats the material through the wall of the follower jacket 2, directly The heating section directly contacts the heating material by feeding heating gas.

For example, drying section II and carbonization section III are indirect heating sections, and pre-drying section I is indirect heating section and/or direct heating section. For example, since drying section II and carbonization section III are indirect heating sections, as shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 10-Fig. 15, the cylinder walls of drying section II and carbonization section III are fixed with follower jacket 2; if on this basis, pre-drying section I is an indirect heating section or an indirect heating section In combination with the direct heating section, the cylinder wall of the pre-drying section I is also fixedly provided with a follower jacket 2, as shown in Figures 1, 14 and 15, and the follower jackets 2 of the three process sections are preferably As shown in Figure 7, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 13, if the pre-drying section I is only a direct heating section, the cylinder wall of the pre-drying section I is not provided with a follow-up jacket 2.

When the three-stage rotary kiln is working, the material is sent into the pre-drying section I of the drum 1 through the furnace head device. Since the drum 1 is placed at a certain angle, the feed end is higher than the discharge end, and the drum 1 rotates continuously in the same direction. , the material rolls and moves from the feed end to the discharge end under the action of its own weight. The material is first heated indirectly and/or directly in the pre-drying section I, and the indirect heating passes through the follower jacket 2 on the wall of the drum 1. Heating, direct heating The heating gas introduced into the pre-drying section I directly contacts the material for heating, the pre-drying of the material is completed, the gas phase produced by the pre-drying is discharged through the furnace head device, and the pre-dried solid material is moved through the solid phase conveying device 9 to The drying section II is indirectly heated by the follower jacket 2 to complete the drying of the material. The gas in the drying section II is discharged to the exhaust box 20 in the furnace through the gas outlet pipe group 25. After gravity separation, the gas is discharged from the second section. The exhaust port 201 is discharged, the dust is discharged from the fourth ash discharge port 202, and the solid material in the drying section II is moved to the carbonization section III through the solid phase conveying device 9, and the material is indirectly carried out through the follow-up jacket 2 of the carbonization section III. Heating, the solid material is heated and decomposed under the condition of lack of oxygen to complete the carbonization treatment of the material, generate biochar and pyrolysis gas, and finally discharge it to the furnace tail device.

Since the three process sections are completely isolated by the segmented plate 15, during the movement of the solid material, when the solid phase conveying device 9 is rotated to the bottom, the solid material in the previous process section is conveyed through the solid phase The device 9 is transported to the next process section, and can only enter the next process section through the solid-phase conveying device 9. Since the solid-phase conveying device 9 is always filled with solid-phase materials, the gas phase is not allowed to pass through, and each process section is independent of each other. Segmentation is realized, so different working conditions are allowed to be set in each process section, and the material can complete the corresponding process under different working conditions of each process section in the same rotary furnace, and the conveying by controlling the solid phase conveying device 9 Operation, effectively control the residence time of solid materials in the drum 1. Moreover, the gas in the drying section II is discharged through the exhaust box 20 in the furnace alone, and does not need to be discharged from the furnace head device, which facilitates the independent control of the gas phase working conditions in the drying section II.

Specifically, the gas outlet pipe group 23 includes a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe, the vertical pipe is fixed in the drum 1, the vertical pipe communicates with the exhaust box 20 in the furnace, the horizontal pipe communicates with the vertical pipe, and both ends of the horizontal pipe They are all communicated with the inside of the drum 1, and there is a certain distance between the horizontal pipe and the inner wall of the drum 1 to prevent the material of the drum 1 from entering the horizontal pipe.

Of course, the gas outlet pipe group 23 may also include only vertical pipes, as long as the gas in the process section can be discharged into the furnace exhaust box 20, and is not limited to the structure listed in this embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 11, Fig. 18-Fig. 20, in this embodiment, the burner head device includes burner head kiln body 10 and a feeding mechanism 11; wherein, burner head kiln body 10 is provided with an exhaust chamber , the exhaust chamber is provided with a first exhaust port 101 and a first ash discharge port 102, the furnace head kiln body 10 is fixedly connected to the feed end of the drum 1 in a rotational and sealing manner, and the pre-drying section I is connected to the exhaust chamber. The chamber is connected; the feeding mechanism 11 is sealed through the furnace head kiln body 10 and extends into the pre-drying section I, and the feeding mechanism 11 is provided with a feeding port.

During operation, the material enters the feeding mechanism 11 through the feeding port, and the feeding mechanism 11 transports the material to the pre-drying section I, and the gas in the pre-drying section I enters the exhaust chamber. An exhaust port 101 is discharged, and dust is discharged from the first dust discharge port 102 . With the continuous rotation of the drum 1, the solid materials in the pre-drying section I are transported to the drying section II through the solid phase conveying device 9, and the gas in the drying section II enters the furnace exhaust box 20 through the gas outlet pipe group 25, and is finally discharged.

Further, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 14 and Figure 15, when a follower jacket 2 is fixed on the wall of the pre-drying section I, both the follower jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I communicate with the exhaust chamber. Then the gas in the pre-drying section I and the gas in the follower jacket 2 both enter the exhaust chamber and are discharged.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 7, Fig. 10-Fig. 15, Fig. 18-Fig. 19, the drum 1 and the furnace head kiln body 10 are communicated through the variable diameter section 23, the feed end of the drum 1 and the furnace head One of the kiln bodies 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the variable diameter section 23, and the feed end of the drum 1 and the other of the furnace head kiln body 10 are connected in a rotational and sealing manner with the other end of the variable diameter section 23; The diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the remaining shaft segments of the drum 1 . With this arrangement, the rotary sealing area between the feed end of the drum 1 and the furnace head kiln body 10 is reduced, and the rotary sealing performance is improved.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 7, Figure 10, Figure 13-Figure 15, Figure 18, the feed end of the drum 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the variable diameter section 23, and the other end of the variable diameter section 23 is connected to the furnace head The kiln body 10 is connected in a rotationally sealed manner. The drum 1 and the variable diameter section 23 rotate together relative to the furnace head kiln body 10 which is fixedly arranged.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 19 , one end of the variable diameter section 23 is fixedly connected to the furnace head kiln body 10 , and the other end of the variable diameter section 23 is connected to the feed end of the drum 1 in a rotational and sealing manner. The variable diameter section 23 and the furnace head kiln body 10 are integrated and fixed, and the drum 1 rotates relative to the variable diameter section 23 and the furnace head kiln body 10 .

Of course, the feed end of the drum 1 may not be provided with the variable diameter section 23. As shown in FIG. 20, the feed end of the drum 1 is directly inserted into the furnace head kiln body 10, and the cylinder wall of the feed end is connected to the furnace head kiln body 10. Rotate the sealing connection, but the sealing surface is larger than that provided with the reducing section 23 . Further, as shown in FIG. 19 , when the feed end of the drum 1 is rotatably connected to the diameter-reducing section 23, the feeding end of the drum 1 is rotatably matched with the cylinder wall of the diameter-changing section 23 through the conical surface 26, and the conical surface A gasket is arranged between 26 and the cylindrical wall of the reducing section 23 . The sealing structure has good structural stability and long service life.

Alternatively, when the furnace head kiln body 10 is rotatably connected with the diameter reducing section 23, the furnace head kiln body 10 can also be rotatably matched with the cylinder wall of the reducing diameter section 23 through the conical surface 26. Gaskets are provided between the walls. The stability and service life of the sealing structure are also improved.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 18 , when the furnace head kiln body 10 is rotatably connected to the diameter reducing section 23 , the part of the furnace head kiln body 10 for rotating and cooperating with the diameter reducing section 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the reducing diameter section 23 . The vertical surface, the vertical surface and the cylindrical wall of the reducing section 23 are sealed by the sealing member 24 .

Or, when the feed end of the drum 1 is connected in rotation with the diameter-reducing section 23, the position where the feeding end of the drum 1 is used to rotate and cooperate with the diameter-reducing section 23 is a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the diameter-changing section 23, and the vertical plane The cylindrical wall of the reducing section 23 is sealed by a seal 24 . As long as good sealing between the feed end of the drum 1 and the furnace head kiln body 10 can be achieved, it is not limited to the sealing and matching structure listed in this embodiment.

As shown in Figures 2-7, the furnace tail device is optimized. In this embodiment, the furnace tail device includes a furnace tail kiln body 3, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet 32 and a discharge port 31. The kiln body 3 is fixedly connected with the discharge end of the drum 1 directly or indirectly in a rotational and sealing manner. The wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 is connected in rotation through a sealing member, and the furnace end kiln body 3 is directly or indirectly connected with the carbonization section III.

During operation, the drum 1 rotates in a single direction relative to the stationary furnace tail device, the solid materials and pyrolysis gas in the carbonization section III enter the furnace tail kiln body 3, and the solid materials and pyrolysis gas enter the furnace tail kiln body 3. After separation, the pyrolysis gas is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet 32 , and the solid material is discharged from the discharge outlet 31 . The furnace tail kiln body 3 realizes the discharge of the solid material in the drum 1 and the discharge of the gas phase in the carbonization section III.

As shown in Figures 2 to 7, further, in this embodiment, the three-stage rotary furnace further includes a hot blast stove and a hot blast conveying assembly, and the hot blast stove is used for combustion to generate heating gas. As the source of the heating gas, the hot blast stove is provided with There is a hot air outlet 53; the hot air outlet 53 communicates with the follower jacket 2 through the hot air conveying component, or the hot air outlet 53 communicates with the follower jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I through the hot air conveying component.

During operation, the heating gas generated by the combustion in the hot blast stove is transported into the follower jacket 2 through the hot blast conveying component to heat the partition wall of the material, or the heating gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast stove is transported into the follower jacket 2 and the preheater through the hot blast conveying component. In the drying section I, the direct contact heating of the material and the heating of the partition wall are carried out.

Further, in this embodiment, the hot blast stove includes a combustion furnace body 5 and a burner 6, the combustion furnace body 5 is provided with an air inlet 51, a hot gas outlet 53 and a second ash discharge port 31, and the burner 6 and the combustion furnace body 5 are provided. Connected, used for combustion in the combustion furnace body 5 to generate heating gas, and the burner 6 can use natural gas, biomass, fuel oil, etc. as fuel; the air inlet 51 is used to introduce oxygen-containing gas to participate in the combustion reaction; the hot gas outlet 53 and the hot air The conveying components are connected, and are used to pass the heating gas generated by the combustion in the combustion furnace body 5 into the follower jacket 2 and/or the pre-drying section I, and participate in the indirect heating and/or direct heating of the materials in the drum 1 .

When working, the burner 6 works, and combustion occurs in the combustion furnace body 5 to generate heating gas, and the heating gas is passed into the follower jacket 2 as a heating medium, or into the follower jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I at the same time. , involved in indirect heating and/or indirect heating of materials.

Further, in this embodiment, the pyrolysis gas outlet 32 of the furnace tail kiln body 3 is communicated with the combustion furnace body 5 through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4, which is used to pass the pyrolysis gas in the furnace tail kiln body 3 into combustion. The furnace body 5 burns.

During operation, the pyrolysis gas and waste in the drum 1 enter the furnace tail kiln body 3 from the discharge end of the drum 1 for separation, and the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace body 5 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 32 and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 Inside, the solid waste is discharged through the discharge port 31, the air inlet 51 of the combustion furnace body 5 is fed with oxygen-containing gas, mixed with the pyrolysis gas, the burner 6 ignites the pyrolysis gas for combustion, and the hot gas generated by the combustion is discharged from the hot gas outlet 53. And enter the hot air conveying assembly, and then enter the follow-up jacket 2, or enter the follow-up jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I at the same time. It can be seen that the energy consumption of the pyrolysis gas in the drum 1 is used to reduce the energy consumption.

As shown in FIGS. 2-5 , further, in this embodiment, the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 is arranged in the combustion furnace body 5 , one end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet 32 , and the other end is in communication with the pyrolysis gas outlet 32 . penetrate into the interior of the combustion furnace body 5 . By integrating the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 in the combustion furnace body 5, the pyrolysis gas separated in the furnace end kiln body 3 can be conveniently introduced directly into the combustion furnace body 5 for combustion, the pyrolysis gas transportation distance is short, and the pyrolysis gas The gas conveying pipe 4 is located in the combustion furnace body 5, which ensures that the temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis gas is basically unchanged, and the pyrolysis gas is dedusted at high temperature, so as to prevent the pyrolysis gas from coking in the pipeline.

Specifically, the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 is horizontally arranged on the top of the combustion furnace body 5 and bent downward in an arc shape, the upper end is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the furnace end kiln body 3, and the lower end is arranged close to the air inlet 51, which is conducive to the Oxygen gas mixes quickly.

Of course, the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 can also be externally connected to the combustion furnace body 5 and the furnace tail kiln body 3, as shown in FIG.

Further, in this embodiment, the combustion furnace body 5 is also provided with a middle partition plate 7, and the middle partition plate 7 is blocked and arranged between the air inlet 51 and the hot gas outlet 53 to divide the combustion furnace body 5 into a combustion area and a The hot gas discharge area, the combustion area and the upper part of the hot gas discharge area communicate with each other. The pyrolysis gas is passed into the combustion area, the second ash discharge port 52 is located in the combustion area, the pyrolysis gas is burned in the combustion area, the generated dust is discharged from the second ash discharge port 52, and the generated high-temperature hot gas flows from the upper part of the combustion area to the hot gas The discharge area is then discharged into the hot air conveying assembly through the hot air outlet 53, and finally enters the follower jacket 2 or enters the follower jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I at the same time. The combustion area in the combustion furnace body 5 is separated from the hot gas discharge area by the middle partition plate 7 , so that the pyrolysis gas can be prevented from entering the combustion furnace body 5 and then directly discharged from the hot gas outlet 53 , and at the same time, dust can be prevented from entering the hot gas outlet 53 . The lower part of the combustion furnace body 5 is funnel-shaped, and the second ash discharge port 52 is arranged at the lower end of the funnel-shaped.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, this embodiment provides a specific hot air conveying component and a discharging method of the carbonization section III. The outer peripheral wall of the material end is connected by rotation and sealing, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 is directly connected with the carbonization section III through the open discharge end; the hot air conveying component is the hot air conveying pipe 8, which specifically includes the hot air conveying main pipe 81 and the hot air conveying branch pipe 82, the hot air conveying The main pipe 81 is connected with the hot gas outlet 53 in a rotational and sealing manner, that is, the main pipe 81 for hot gas conveying is connected in a rotational and sealing manner with the shell walls of the combustion furnace body 5 and the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace. One end of 81 is communicated with the combustion furnace body 5, and the other end is closed; the two ends of the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 are fixedly connected with the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 and the follower jacket 2 set on the drum 1 respectively, and the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 is located in the furnace tail kiln. body 3.

Since the axis of the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 coincides with the axis of the drum 1, the follower jacket 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the drum 1, and one end of the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 is in fixed communication with the end of the follower jacket 2. Therefore, the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 is supported and fixed by the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 .

When the three-stage rotary kiln is working, the drum 1 drives the follower jacket 2 and the hot gas conveying pipe 8 to rotate relative to the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace, and the pyrolysis gas and biochar in the carbonization section III directly pass through the open discharge end. It is discharged into the furnace tail kiln body 3, and the hot gas in the combustion furnace body 5 enters the follower jacket 2 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8. Since both the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 and the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 are located in the combustion furnace body 5 and the furnace tail kiln body 3, the heat loss during the hot gas delivery process is reduced. In addition, the material in the drum 1 is indirectly heated through the hot air conveying main pipe 81, which improves the heating efficiency.

Of course, the length of the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 is set as required. If it needs to be communicated with the pre-drying section I and/or the follower jacket 2, the length of the hot air conveying main pipe 81 can be lengthened and extended to the pre-drying section I. The hot gas conveying main pipe The part of 81 located in the drum 1 has one tube or a plurality of tubes in parallel, specifically, there may be two, three, four or more tubes. If there are multiple parallel tubes, one end of the multiple tubes is assembled into one tube and then connected to the hot gas outlet 53 of the combustion furnace body 5 in a rotary and sealing manner. The root canal extends into the pre-drying section I. If the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 is in communication with the pre-drying section I, the end of the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 that extends into the pre-drying section I is open to allow the hot air to participate in direct contact heating; if the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 extends into the pre-drying section I One end of the air conditioner is open and communicated with the follower jacket 2, then the indirectly heated gas in the follower jacket 2 enters the hot gas conveying main pipe 81, and then the heated gas enters the pre-drying section I for direct contact heating, and finally The gas in the pre-drying section I enters the furnace head device and is discharged; if the end of the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 extending into the pre-drying section I is closed and communicated with the follower jacket 2, the heated gas in the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 enters the follower. In the movable jacket 2, together with the gas in the movable jacket 2, it is discharged into the furnace head device through the movable jacket 2.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , further, in this embodiment, the number of the hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 is multiple, and the hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 are distributed radially. Specifically, the hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 are evenly arranged along the conical surface and have an umbrella-shaped structure. Alternatively, the hot gas delivery branch pipes 82 are evenly arranged along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 . The umbrella-shaped hot gas conveying pipe 8 has a stable structure, and the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 is preferably a straight pipe with a short conveying path, which is convenient for the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 to be in fixed communication with the end of the follower jacket 2 .

Of course, the hot gas transport branch pipe 82 can also be an arc-shaped pipe, a bent pipe, etc., as long as the hot gas transport branch pipe 82 can be in fixed communication with the follower jacket 2 .

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, this embodiment provides another specific hot air conveying component and the discharging method of carbonization section III. The outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 is connected in rotation and sealing, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the carbonization section III are directly connected through the open discharge end; And the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82. Different from the hot gas delivery main pipe 8 in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 in this embodiment is located in the drum 1, and one end of the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 is fixedly connected with the hot gas delivery main pipe 81. The other end communicates with the follower jacket 2, that is, the other end of the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82 is fixed to the inner wall of the drum 1, and communicates with the follower jacket 2 through the opening on the inner wall.

In this three-stage rotary furnace, the hot gas conveying main pipe 81 is supported and fixed by the hot gas conveying branch pipe 82. During operation, the drum 1 drives the follower jacket 2 and the hot gas conveying pipe 8 to rotate relative to the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace. The pyrolysis gas and biochar are directly discharged through the open discharge end and enter into the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 13 , when one end of the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 is communicated with the combustion furnace body 5 and the other end is closed, the hot gas in the combustion furnace body 5 first passes through the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 , and then is transported through the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 . into the follower jacket 2 for indirect heating. Since most of the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 and the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 are located in the rotary kiln, the heat loss in the hot gas delivery process is reduced.

As shown in Figure 14, when one end of the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 is communicated with the combustion furnace body 5, and the other end extends into the pre-drying section I, and communicates with the pre-drying section I and/or the follower jacket 2, the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 The part located in the drum 1 has one tube or a plurality of parallel tubes, specifically two, three, four and more tubes. If there are multiple parallel tubes, one end of the multiple tubes is assembled into one tube and then connected to the hot gas outlet 53 of the combustion furnace body 5 in a rotary and sealing manner. The root canal extends into the pre-drying section I.

If the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 extends into the pre-drying section I, one end is open, so that the hot gas can participate in direct contact heating; Then the heating gas directly enters the pre-drying section I through the hot gas delivery main pipe 81, and the heating gas that enters the follower jacket 2 through the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 enters the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 after the indirect heating is completed, and then enters the pre-drying. Direct contact heating is carried out in section I, and finally the gas in pre-drying section I enters the furnace head device and is discharged; The heating gas in the delivery main pipe 81 enters the follower jacket 2, and is discharged into the furnace head device through the follower jacket 2 together with the heating gas entering the follower jacket 2 through the hot gas delivery branch pipe 82.

Since the hot gas conveying pipe 8 is located in the drum 1, the material can be heated by the partition wall during the hot gas conveying in the hot air conveying pipe 8, which further improves the heating efficiency.

Further, the number of hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 in the above embodiment is multiple. Preferably, the axes of the plurality of hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 are located in the same cross section of the drum 1 and are arranged in a radial shape, which can improve its structural stability. , and the conveying path is short. Of course, the plurality of hot gas conveying branch pipes 82 can also be arranged arbitrarily, as long as they can be fixed to the drum 1 and communicate with the follower jacket 2 . If the hot gas delivery main pipe 81 has a plurality of pipes, each pipe communicates with the follower jacket 2 through a hot gas delivery branch pipe 82 .

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 15 , this embodiment provides another material discharging method and hot air conveying component of the carbonization section, wherein the hot air conveying component is the same as the hot air shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 , 13 and 14 above. The conveying components are the same, the difference is that the discharge end of the drum 1 is closed, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 is connected with the outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 in a rotary and sealing manner; the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the carbonization section III pass through the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is connected; the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is inserted obliquely into the carbonization section III from the outside of the drum 1, and passes through the discharge end, the inlet of the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is located in the carbonization section III, and the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is in the carbonization section III. The outlet is located in the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace.

During operation, the drum 1 drives the follower jacket 2 and the hot gas conveying pipe 8 to rotate together, and the pyrolysis gas and solid waste in the carbonization section III are discharged through the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 and enter the furnace tail kiln body 3, where the gas and solid are separated. After that, the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace body 5 for combustion, and the generated hot gas is transported to the hot gas transport branch pipe 82 through the hot gas transport main pipe 81, and finally enters the follower jacket 2 for indirect heating of materials. If hot air needs to enter the drum 1, the hot air conveying main pipe 81 can be extended into the drum 1 to participate in the direct contact heating of the material.

Controllable discharge of pyrolysis gas and solid waste in the carbonization section III is achieved through the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 . In the discharging methods shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 13 and Figure 14 above, the discharging end of the drum 1 is open, and the hot blast stove without the discharging mechanism 19 on the wall is uncontrollable.

As shown in Figure 13, in this embodiment, on the basis of the hot air conveying assembly in the above embodiment, a ventilation pipe 13 is also provided in the drum 1; The heating gas in the follower jacket 2 is passed into the pre-drying section I through the ventilation pipe 13 for direct contact heating.

As shown in FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 11 , the present embodiment provides another hot air conveying assembly, the hot air conveying assembly includes a furnace tail air intake duct 14 and a hot gas conveying pipe 8 , wherein the furnace tail air intake duct 14 is fixed. The furnace tail air inlet 14 is connected with the outer peripheral wall of the drum 1 close to the discharge end in a rotational and sealing manner, the furnace tail air inlet 14 is communicated with the follower jacket 2, and the furnace tail air inlet 14 is provided with a hot gas inlet 142 and a third ash discharge port 141 , the hot gas inlet 142 is communicated with the hot gas outlet 53 of the combustion furnace body 5 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8 .

The difference between this hot air conveying assembly and the above hot air conveying assembly is that the furnace tail air intake duct 14 is added, and the hot air conveying pipe 8 is located outside the combustion cylinder body 5, the furnace head kiln body 3 and the drum 1, that is, the heating gas of the combustion furnace body 5 Instead of directly passing into the follower jacket 2 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8, the heating gas of the combustion furnace body 5 is first passed into the furnace tail air inlet 14 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8, and then the hot gas is passed into the furnace tail air intake tube 14. Follow-up jacket 2.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , based on the furnace tail air inlet cylinder 14 , this embodiment provides a discharging method of the carbonization section III. The open discharge end is directly connected, the furnace tail air inlet 14 is sealed and sleeved on the outer wall of the drum 1, the furnace tail air intake 14 is fixed, and the combustion furnace body 5 is connected to the hot gas of the furnace tail air intake 14 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8. The inlet is communicated, and the furnace tail air inlet 14 is communicated with the end of the follower jacket 2 .

Further, on the basis of the three-stage rotary kiln shown in FIG. 6 , this embodiment provides another discharging method of carbonization section III, in which the discharging end of the drum 1 is closed and the kiln body 3 at the end of the furnace and the The outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 is connected in a rotary and sealing manner, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 is communicated with the carbonization section III through the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19; And through the discharge end, the inlet of the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is located in the carbonization section III, and the outlet of the cylinder wall discharge mechanism 19 is located in the furnace tail kiln body 3 . The rest of the structure, such as the setting of the furnace tail gas inlet duct 14 and the follower jacket 2, etc., are the same as those shown in FIG. 6 .

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 11 , on the basis of the three-stage rotary furnace shown in FIG. 6 , this embodiment provides another method for discharging material of carbonization section III. In this embodiment, the discharging method of drum 1 The end is closed, the discharge end of the drum 1 is fixed with a central discharge mechanism 17, and the furnace tail kiln body 1 is connected with the central discharge mechanism 17 to achieve indirect rotary sealing between the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the discharge end of the drum 1. Connection, the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the carbonization section III are indirectly connected through the central discharge mechanism 19;

During operation, the drum 1 and the central discharge mechanism 17 rotate together, and the biochar and pyrolysis gas in the carbonization section III are transported to the furnace tail kiln body 3 through the central discharge mechanism 17, and the gas-solid separation in the furnace tail kiln body 3 After that, the pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace body 5 (not shown in FIG. 7 ) for combustion, and the generated heating gas is introduced into the furnace tail air inlet 14 through the hot gas delivery pipe 8 (not shown in FIG. 7 ). After that, the heating gas Enter the follower jacket 2.

As an optimization, the furnace tail air intake duct 14 is covered outside the discharge end of the drum 1, and the two sides of the furnace tail air intake duct 14 are respectively connected to the cylinder wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 and the outer wall of the central discharge mechanism 17 in a rotational and sealing manner. In this way, the discharge end of the drum 1 can be covered in the furnace tail air intake duct 14 to maintain the temperature of the discharge end, and the rotating sealing surface of the furnace tail air intake duct 14 and the central discharge mechanism 17 is relatively small, which is beneficial to seal. Of course, both sides of the furnace tail air intake cylinder 14 can also be connected to the cylinder wall of the discharge end of the drum 1 in a rotational and sealing manner, but the discharge end of the drum 1 is partially exposed to the outside, which is not conducive to heat preservation, and the two ends of the furnace tail air intake cylinder 14 The rotating sealing surface is larger.

Further, on the basis of being provided with the furnace tail air inlet 14, no matter whether the carbonization section III adopts any of the above discharging methods, if it is necessary to pass the heating gas into the pre-drying section I for direct contact heating, as shown in Figure 7 10 and 11, the drum 1 is provided with an air supply pipe 22 and/or a ventilation pipe 13.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , one end of the air supply pipe 22 is connected to the furnace tail air intake cylinder 14 , and the other end extends into the pre-drying section I, and is connected with the pre-drying section I and/or the follower jacket 2 Connected. When the air supply pipeline 22 is communicated with the pre-drying section I, the heating gas in the furnace tail air inlet 14 is directly passed into the pre-drying section I through the air supply pipeline 22 for direct contact heating. At this time, the pre-drying section I is a direct heating section or The combination of the direct heating section and the indirect heating section; when the end of the air supply pipe 22 extending into the pre-drying section I is only connected with the follower jacket 2, the heating gas participating in the indirect heating in the gas supply pipe 22 enters the follower jacket 2 Inside, it is discharged to the furnace head device through the follower jacket 2. At this time, the pre-drying section I is an indirect heating section; Then the gas supply pipeline 22 introduces the heating gas into the pre-drying section I for direct contact heating, and the heating gas participating in the indirect heating in the follower jacket 2 enters the gas supply pipeline 22, and then enters the pre-drying section I and continues to participate in the direct contact heating. , and finally discharged to the furnace head device. At this time, the pre-drying section I is a direct heating section or a combination of a direct heating section and an indirect heating section. In addition, the air supply pipe 22 is arranged in the drum 1, and when the heating gas passes through the air supply pipe 22, the material in the drum 1 can be indirectly heated through the air supply pipe 22, making full use of the heat and improving the heating efficiency;

The ventilation pipe 13 communicates with the follower jacket 2 and the pre-drying section I, and the heating gas in the follower jacket 2 is passed into the pre-drying section I through the ventilation pipe 13 for direct contact heating. During operation, the heating gas in the furnace tail air inlet duct 14 first enters the follower jacket 2, and then enters the pre-drying section I. At this time, the pre-drying section I is a direct heating section or a combination of a direct heating section and an indirect heating section.

The air supply pipe 22 and the ventilation pipe 13 can be installed at the same time, so that the heating gas enters the pre-drying section I through two paths, one path enters the pre-drying section I through the furnace tail air inlet duct 14 and the air supply pipe 22, and the other path passes through the furnace tail air inlet duct. 14. The follower jacket 2 and the ventilation pipe 13 enter the pre-drying section I. Of course, the air supply pipe 22 and the ventilation pipe 13 may also be provided independently. As long as the heating gas can be passed into the pre-drying section I to directly contact the heating material.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12 , as an optimization, in this embodiment, the air supply pipe 22 includes an air supply main pipe 222 and an air supply branch pipe 221 , the air supply branch pipe 221 is communicated with the furnace tail air inlet 14 , and one end of the air supply main pipe 222 is connected with the air supply branch pipe 221 Communication, the other end of the air supply main pipe 222 is communicated with the pre-drying section I and/or the follower jacket 2, and the air supply main pipe 222 has one pipe or multiple parallel pipes, specifically two, three, four, etc. Multiple tubes. When the follower jacket 2 is communicated with the air supply main pipe 222 , preferably, the position of the follower jacket 2 close to the feed end is communicated with the air supply main pipe 222 .

During operation, the heated gas in the furnace tail air inlet tube 14 enters the air supply branch pipe 221 through the opening on the cylinder wall of the drum 1, and then enters the air supply main pipe 222. The gas enters the pre-drying section I through the gas supply main pipe 222 for direct contact heating. If one end of the air supply main pipe 222 that extends into the pre-drying section I is open and communicates with the follower jacket 2, the heating gas will enter the pre-drying section I through the air supply main pipe 222 for direct contact heating, and the follower jacket will be heated at the same time. The heating gas in 2 that participates in the indirect heating is discharged into the gas supply main pipe 222, and finally enters the pre-drying section I, continues to participate in the direct contact heating, and finally is discharged to the furnace head device together with the gas in the pre-drying section I. If the end of the air supply main pipe 222 that extends into the pre-drying section I is closed and communicated with the follower jacket 2, the heating gas participating in the indirect heating in the air supply main pipe 222 enters the follower jacket 2, and then flows from the follower jacket 2. Sleeve 2 is discharged to the burner unit.

As an optimization, the number of the air supply branch pipes 221 may be one or more, and the multiple air supply branch pipes 221 are preferably communicated with the air supply main pipe 222 in a radial shape, so as to improve the air supply uniformity. As shown in FIG. 12 , if the air supply main pipe 222 has a plurality of pipes, each of the pipes is communicated with one air supply branch pipe 221 respectively.

As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10 and Figure 11, in this embodiment, the center discharge mechanism 17 is a center screw discharge mechanism or a center piston discharge mechanism, and the inlet of the center discharge mechanism 17 is fixed with a flipper. The material plate 18, the plate surface of the turning plate 18 is parallel to the axis of the drum 1, the turning plate 18 is extended and fixed on the inner wall of the drum 1, the turning plate 18, the central discharging mechanism 17 and the drum 1 rotate together; The discharge mechanism includes a central discharge cylinder, a central screw and a second power component. One end of the central discharge cylinder is fixed to the discharge end of the drum 1, and the other end is connected with the furnace tail kiln body 3 in a rotational and sealing manner. The furnace tail air inlet cylinder 14 is connected in a rotary and sealing manner, the central discharge cylinder is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is opened on the cylinder wall, and the outlet is preferably set at the end of the central discharge cylinder, the central discharge cylinder is connected with the drum 1 and the turning plate 18. Rotate together as a whole; the central helical rotation is arranged on the central discharging cylinder; the second power component is drivingly connected with the central helical for driving the central helical to rotate relative to the central discharging cylinder.

When the central screw discharging mechanism is working, the drum 1, the turning plate 18 and the central discharging cylinder rotate together, and the turning plate 18 pockets the material in the drum 1 and guides it into the inlet of the central discharging cylinder, and the second power component works , drive the central screw to rotate, and transport the material to the furnace tail kiln body 3, and the gas in the carbonization section III can also enter the furnace tail kiln body 3 through the central screw discharge mechanism. The discharge of the drum 1 is controlled by the start and stop of the second power component, and the controllable discharge is realized.

In the same way, the central piston discharge mechanism realizes the conveying of materials through the reciprocating movement of the piston, which will not be described in detail here.

Further, in this embodiment, the barrel wall discharging mechanism 19 is a barrel wall screw discharging mechanism, and the barrel wall screw discharging mechanism controls the discharging through screw rotation. Preferably, the screw discharge mechanism of the barrel wall has the same structure and arrangement as the screw discharge machine in the present application.

As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17, the solid phase conveying device 9 is a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor is inserted obliquely from the outside of the drum 1 into two adjacent process sections corresponding to the screw conveyor, and passes through Segmented plate 15, the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor is located in a process section near the furnace head device in the two adjacent process sections, that is, in the previous process section, the material outlet 912 of the screw conveyor is located in the adjacent two process sections In another process section of the section away from the furnace head device, that is, in the next process section.

When working, with the rotation of the drum 1, the material rolls down and moves forward along the inner wall in the drum 1, and the material moves to the sectional plate 15 and is blocked, and the material is collected in the position close to the sectional plate 15 in the previous process section, and the material Enter the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor in the previous process section, the screw conveyor works, and transport the material from the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor to the material outlet 912 in the next process section, and finally enter the downstream process section , to complete the transportation of solid phase materials between two adjacent process sections.

Since the screw conveyor is obliquely inserted into two adjacent process sections, it is equivalent to that the material is transported between the two adjacent process sections inside the drum 1. In the process of conveying the material by the screw conveyor, the material It does not leave the inside of the drum 1, therefore, the heat dissipation of the material is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced.

Of course, the screw conveyor can also be installed on the outside of the drum 1 as a whole, and the material inlet 911 and the material outlet 912 are respectively connected to the two process sections. However, when the material is conveyed between the two process sections, the material is separated from the drum 1 and the material Heat dissipation is fast, resulting in heat loss.

Further, in this embodiment, the screw conveyor includes a cylinder body 91, a screw part 92 and a power part 93, wherein the cylinder body 91 is sealed and inserted into two adjacent process sections of the drum 1 from the outside of the drum 1 in an oblique manner, And seal through the segment plate 15 between the two process sections, the material inlet 911 of the cylinder 91 is located in the previous process section, and the material outlet 912 of the cylinder 91 is located in the next process section; the screw part 92 is arranged in the cylinder Inside the body 91, it rotates relative to the cylinder body 91 to move the material from the material inlet 911 to the material outlet 912; the power part 93 is located outside the drum 1, and the power part 93 is drivingly connected with the screw part 92 to drive the screw part 92 to rotate.

When working, with the rotation of the drum 1, the material rolls down and moves forward along the inner wall in the drum 1, and the material moves to the sectional plate 15 and is blocked, and the material is collected in the upstream process section near the sectional plate 15. Enter the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor in the previous process section, drive the screw member 92 to move through the power component 93, and transport the material from the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor to the material outlet 912 in the next process section, and finally Enter the next process section to complete the transportation of solid phase materials between two adjacent process sections.

As shown in FIG. 17 , further, in this embodiment, the outer portion of the screw member 92 of the screw conveyor located in the previous process section is not provided with a cylinder 91 . That is, the part of the screw conveyor that penetrates into the previous process section is not provided with the cylinder 91, so that the screw part 92 located in the previous process stage is completely exposed to the drum 1, the screw part 92 is directly in contact with the material, and the material wraps the screw part 92. This setting is because the material (such as sludge) may have stickiness or plasticity, and may stick and block when entering the material inlet 911 of the screw conveyor. Therefore, remove the cylinder 91 at the position of the material inlet 911 and directly pass the exposed The spiral part 92 is used for conveying, which avoids bonding and blockage, and makes the material conveying smoother and more reliable.

Further, in this embodiment, the material outlet 912 is opened on the end face of the cylinder 91 away from the power part 93 , that is, the end of the cylinder 91 away from the power part 93 is completely open, so that the axis of the material outlet 912 is connected to the cylinder 91 . The axes of the body 91 are coincident, which is more favorable for the material to be discharged and cleaned from the cylinder body 91 to avoid clogging.

In this embodiment, the helical part 92 in the cylinder 91 is an intermittent helical, and/or there is a distance between the end of the helical part 92 away from the power part 93 and the material outlet 912 . In this way, when the material is conveyed in the cylinder 91, since the screw member 92 is an intermittent screw, a filler space is formed between two adjacent helices, and the material blocks the cylinder 91 in the filler space, so that the screw member 92 is transporting Both the material and the state of stopping the conveying of the material hinder the passage of the gas phase, so as to ensure the independence between each process section and not affect the process of each process section.

There is a distance between the end of the screw member 92 away from the power member 93 and the material outlet 912. This distance can form a packing space, and the material can block the cylinder 91 in the packing space, which can also play the role of the screw member 92 in conveying materials and stopping. In the state of conveying the material, it hinders the passage of the gas phase, which ensures the independence of each process section and does not affect the process of each process section.

Therefore, when the screw conveyor rotates with the drum 1 to the upper position of the drum 1, since the screw conveyor is separated from the material in the drum 1, the cylinder 91 can be kept blocked by the material retained in the screw conveyor to achieve gas phase isolation. effect. When the screw conveyor is located above, the screw conveyor can continue to run. During the rotation of the screw conveyor from the top to the bottom, the materials retained in the screw conveyor continue to be transported, which can meet the blocking requirements during this period of time. Of course, when the screw conveyor is located above, the screw conveyor can also stop running, and the remaining materials can be stopped to meet the blocking requirements.

Of course, the spiral part 92 can also be a continuous spiral, and the material is filled in the spiral channel of the continuous spiral, which can also block the cylinder 91 and prevent the gas phase from passing through.

As an optimization, in this embodiment, the power component 93 is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. Preferably, the electric motor or hydraulic motor is connected to the screw member 92 through a reducer, so that the screw member 92 has a suitable speed, as long as the screw member 92 can be driven. It is only necessary to rotate, and is not limited to the form listed in this embodiment.

Further, in this embodiment, the screw conveyor also includes a controller and a position switch, the power component 93 and the position switch are both connected to the controller signal, and the position switch is arranged on the drum 1. When the screw conveyor is directly below the drum 1 Within the range of plus or minus 10° to 30°, preferably about plus or minus 15° directly below the drum 1, the position switch is triggered, the controller controls the operation of the power part 93, and the power part 93 drives the screw part 92 to move.

The purpose of this setting is: when the screw conveyor rotates to the high position with the drum 1, there is no material in the material inlet 911, and the screw part 92 may be idling, causing the material in the screw part 92 to be transported to the next process section, while the material inlet 911 Since there is no material, the material in the spiral part 92 may be emptied or the material may not fill the spiral part 92 although it is not emptied, and a gas channel is formed in the spiral part 92, so that the gas phase communicates between the process sections. Air pressure difference, gas phase flow occurs between process sections, which affects the process purpose and effect of segmented treatment.

Therefore, by setting the controller and the position switch, when the drum 1 rotates to the point where the screw conveyor is outside the range of plus or minus 10° to 30°, the position switch is not triggered, the controller controls the power part 93 to stop running, and the screw part 92 does not rotate, and the screw conveyor does not convey the material, so that the material remains in the cylinder 91, and the cylinder 91 is blocked to further play the role of gas phase isolation.

As an optimization, in this embodiment, the position switch is any one or a combination of a photoelectric switch or a magnetic induction switch. Specifically, the outer wall of the drum 1 is provided with a shielding piece or an induction piece of a photoelectric switch or a magnetic induction switch. When the screw conveyor is under the drum 1, the blocking sheet or the induction sheet triggers the photoelectric switch or the magnetic induction switch, the controller controls the operation of the power part, and the power part drives the screw part 92 to rotate for material conveying.

Of course, in addition to the use of a screw conveyor obliquely inserted into the drum 1, the solid-phase conveying device 9 can also be arranged outside the drum 1 in this embodiment. The inlet and the outlet of the solid-phase conveying device 9 They are respectively connected with the barrel walls of the two adjacent process sections of the solid-phase conveying device 9, but there will be heat loss in this arrangement.

For the solid-phase conveying device 9 arranged outside the drum 1, the solid-phase conveying device 9 can be a screw conveyor or a piston conveyor, and the piston conveyor is a piston type, and the material is pushed by the reciprocating movement of the piston.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the furnace tail kiln body and the combustion furnace body are optimized. In this embodiment, the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 are integrated into an integrated structure, and the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body are integrated The adjacent shell walls of the body 5 share one. The pyrolysis gas outlet 54 and the hot gas outlet 53 are both arranged on the shell wall shared by the furnace end kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5, and the hot gas outlet 53 is communicated with the follower jacket 2 through the hot air conveying component, or is connected with the follower clip at the same time. The jacket is communicated with the pre-drying section I, and the pipe wall of the hot gas conveying pipe 8 is connected with the hot air outlet 53 in a rotational and sealing manner.

Setting the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 into an integrated structure not only simplifies the structure, but also the pyrolysis gas in the furnace tail kiln body 3 directly enters the pyrolysis furnace body 5 through the opening on the common shell wall. In the gas conveying pipe 4, the conveying path of the pyrolysis gas is shortened, and the pyrolysis gas is always transported in the furnace end kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5, thereby reducing heat loss. And the hot gas transport pipe 8 is arranged inside the furnace tail kiln body 3, the axis of the hot gas transport pipe 8 coincides with the axis of the drum 1, the distance of the hot gas transport pipe 8 is shortened, and the heat loss during the hot gas transport process is reduced.

During operation, the hot gas delivery pipe 8 rotates together with the drum 1, and the hot gas delivery pipe 8 is specifically connected with the hot gas outlet 53 in a rotational and sealing manner through a sealing member. The hot gas in the combustion furnace body 5 is passed into the follower jacket 2 , the fixed jacket 12 and/or the drum 1 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8 .

As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 are separated structures, and the adjacent shell walls of the furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 are two separate shell walls, The pyrolysis gas outlet 54 is arranged on the side shell wall of the furnace body 3 close to the combustion furnace body 5, and the pyrolysis gas inlet and the hot gas outlet 53 of the combustion furnace body 5 are arranged on the combustion furnace body 5 close to the furnace end kiln body 3. One end of the pyrolysis gas delivery pipe 4 penetrates the outside of the combustion furnace body 5 and communicates with the pyrolysis gas outlet 54, and the pipe wall of the hot gas delivery pipe 8 is adjacent to the combustion furnace body 5 and the furnace end kiln body 3 The two shell walls are sealed and connected in rotation, and the hot gas conveying pipe 8 is relatively statically arranged with the drum 1 .

The furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 are set as a separate structure, which is communicated through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4, and the pipe section of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe 4 exposed to the outside of the combustion furnace body 5 is shorter, which shortens the pyrolysis gas. Conveyor path reduces heat loss. The pipe section of the hot gas delivery pipe 8 exposed to the outside of the combustion furnace body 5 is short, which reduces the heat loss during the hot gas delivery process. The axis of the hot gas conveying pipe 8 coincides with the axis of the drum 1. During operation, the hot gas conveying pipe 8 rotates with the drum 1, and the hot gas conveying pipe 8 is specifically connected with the hot gas outlet 53 and the shell wall of the furnace end kiln body 3 through a sealing member. . The hot gas in the combustion furnace body 5 is passed into the follower jacket 2 , the fixed jacket 12 and/or the drum 1 through the hot gas conveying pipe 8 .

The furnace tail kiln body 3 and the combustion furnace body 5 of the integrated structure and the split structure are all simple in structure, and the pyrolysis gas collection, pyrolysis gas combustion, and pyrolysis gas transportation are integrated in one device, the process path is short, and the heat loss is reduced. Small, less auxiliary equipment, fewer leakage points, stable operation and convenient maintenance. In addition, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas directly enters the furnace tail kiln body 3 from the discharge end of the drum 1, and then directly enters the combustion furnace body 5, and there is no condition for the pyrolysis gas to coke.

In this embodiment, the three-stage rotary kiln further includes at least one fixed partition plate arranged in the process section of the drum 1; wall setting.

When working, the drum 1 rotates continuously in the same direction. When the opening of the fixed partition is located below, the solid material in the drum 1 can enter the downstream through the opening. At the same time, the opening will be blocked by the solid material, restricting the flow of gas. When the opening of the fixed partition is located below, the opening is not blocked by solid materials, and the gas can flow. By arranging fixed partitions in the process sections, each process section can be partitioned, and the gas phase flow between different partitions in each process section can be partially restricted, thereby facilitating the formation of temperature gradients in each partition and the independence of working conditions.

Further, in this embodiment, in the case where the temperature difference between some adjacent process sections is relatively large, the outer insulation layers are provided on both sides of the segmented board 15, or the interior of the segmented board 15 is provided with insulation. The interlayer realizes the temperature isolation of the two process sections, so as to better complete the reaction of the respective process sections.

As shown in FIG. 9 , in this embodiment, a thermal insulation layer 21 is provided on the cylinder wall of the drum 1 to improve the thermal insulation effect of the drum 1 and reduce energy loss.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a driving device and a supporting device are provided outside the drum 1 , and the driving device is used to drive the drum 1 to continuously rotate in the same direction around its axis. The support device is used to rotate the support drum 1 to continuously rotate around its axis in the same direction.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A three-stage rotary kiln, comprising a drum (1), a furnace head device and a furnace tail device, the two ends of the drum (1) are respectively rotated with the furnace head device and the furnace tail device which are fixedly arranged Sealed connection, the drum (1) can rotate continuously in the same direction, and it is characterized in that the interior of the drum (1) is divided into three independent parts in turn from the feed end to the discharge end by the segment plate (15). There are two process sections, namely pre-drying section (I), drying section (II) and carbonization section (III). The pre-drying section (I) is communicated with the furnace head device, and the three-stage rotary kiln also includes :

a solid-phase conveying device (9), the two ends of the solid-phase conveying device (9) are communicated with the two adjacent process sections, and are used for solid material conveying between the two adjacent process sections;

A follow-up jacket (2) is fixed on the cylinder wall of the drum (1), and the inside of the follow-up jacket (2) is used to introduce heating gas, the drying section (II) and the carbonization section ( III) is an indirect heating section, the pre-drying section (I) is an indirect heating section and/or a direct heating section, the indirect heating section heats the material through the partition wall of the follower jacket (2), and the direct heating section Directly contact heating material by passing heating gas;

The exhaust box (20) in the furnace is fixedly arranged, the drum (1) passes through the exhaust box (20) in the furnace, and the outer wall of the drying section (II) is connected to the exhaust gas in the furnace The box (20) is connected in a rotary seal, and the cylinder wall of the drying section (II) is provided with a gas outlet pipe group (23) that communicates with the exhaust box (20) in the furnace and the interior of the drying section (II), so The exhaust box (20) in the furnace is provided with a second exhaust port (201) and a fourth ash exhaust port (202).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 1, wherein the furnace head device comprises:

A furnace head kiln body (10), an exhaust chamber is provided in the furnace head kiln body (10), and a first exhaust port (101) and a first ash discharge port (102) are opened in the exhaust chamber ), the furnace head kiln body (10) is fixedly connected to the feed end of the drum (1) in a rotational and sealing manner, and the exhaust chamber is communicated with the pre-drying section (I);

A feeding mechanism (11), the feeding mechanism (11) is sealed through the furnace head kiln body (10) and protrudes into the pre-drying section (I), and the feeding mechanism (11) is provided with Inlet.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that, when a follower jacket (2) is fixed on the barrel wall of the pre-drying section (I), the follower jacket (2) and The pre-drying sections (I) are all communicated with the exhaust chamber (103).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that, the drum (1) and the furnace head kiln body (10) are communicated through a variable diameter section (23), and the drum (1) One of the feed end of the drum (1) and the burner kiln body (10) are fixedly connected to one end of the diameter-changing section (23), and the feed end of the drum (1) is connected to the burner head kiln body (10). ) is connected with the other end of the variable diameter section (23) in a rotational and sealing manner; the outer diameter of the variable diameter section (23) is smaller than the outer diameter of the remaining shaft sections of the drum (1).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 4, characterized in that, the feed end of the drum (1) or the furnace head kiln body (10) communicates with the variable diameter section (10) through a conical surface (25). 23) the cylinder wall is rotated and sealed, and a sealing gasket is provided between the conical surface (25) and the cylinder wall of the reducing section (23);

Alternatively, the position of the feed end of the drum (1) or the furnace head kiln body (10) for rotating and cooperating with the diameter-changing section (23) is perpendicular to the axis of the diameter-changing section (23). The vertical surface of the vertical surface and the cylindrical wall of the diameter reducing section (23) are sealed by a seal.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the follower jacket (2) is fixed on the cylinder wall of the pre-drying section (I), the follower jacket (2) ) and the pre-drying section (I) communicate with the exhaust chamber through the variable diameter section (23).
The three-stage rotary furnace according to claim, characterized in that, the furnace tail device comprises:

A furnace tail kiln body (3), the furnace tail kiln body (3) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet (32) and a discharge port (31), and the furnace tail kiln body (3) is fixedly connected to the The discharge end of the drum (1) is directly or indirectly connected in a rotary seal, and the furnace tail kiln body (3) is directly or indirectly connected with the carbonization section (III).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 3, further comprising:

a hot blast stove, which is used for combustion to generate heating gas, and the hot blast stove is provided with a hot gas outlet (53);

A hot air conveying assembly, the hot air outlet (53) communicates with the follower jacket (2) through the hot air conveyance assembly, or the hot air outlet (53) communicates with the follower jacket through the hot air conveyance assembly (2) communicate with the pre-drying section (I).
The three-stage rotary furnace according to claim 8, wherein the hot blast furnace comprises a combustion furnace body (5) and a burner (6), and the combustion furnace body (5) is provided with an air inlet (51) , the hot gas outlet (53) and the second ash discharge port (52), the burner (6) communicates with the combustion furnace body (5), and is used for combustion in the combustion furnace body (5) to generate The gas is heated, and the air inlet (51) is used for introducing oxygen-containing gas.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 9, characterized in that, the pyrolysis gas outlet (32) of the furnace tail kiln body (3) and the combustion furnace body (5) pass through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipe ( 4) Communication is used to pass the pyrolysis gas in the furnace tail kiln body (3) into the combustion furnace body (5) for combustion.
The three-stage rotary furnace according to claim 10, characterized in that, the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe (4) is arranged in the combustion furnace body (5), and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipe (4) has a One end is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet (32), and the other end enters the interior of the combustion furnace body (5).
The three-stage rotary furnace according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, the combustion furnace body (5) is further provided with a middle partition plate (7), and the middle partition plate (7) The combustion furnace body (5) is divided into a combustion area and a hot gas discharge area, and the burner (6), the air inlet (51) and the second ash discharge port (52) are all located in the combustion area, so The hot gas outlet (53) is located in the hot gas discharge area, and the combustion area communicates with the upper part of the hot gas discharge area.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 10, characterized in that, the furnace tail kiln body (3) and the combustion furnace body (5) are an integrated structure or a split structure.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 9, characterized in that the discharge end of the drum (1) is open, and the discharge end of the furnace end kiln body (3) and the drum (1) is open. The outer peripheral wall of the end is connected in a rotary and sealing manner, and the furnace tail kiln body (3) is directly connected with the carbonization section (III);

The hot air conveying assembly is a hot air conveying pipe (8), and the hot air conveying pipe (8) comprises:

A hot gas delivery main pipe (81), the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) and the hot gas outlet (53) are rotatably and sealedly connected, and the axis of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) coincides with the axis of the drum (1). One end of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) is communicated with the combustion furnace body (5), and the other end of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) is closed and arranged or connected with the pre-drying section (I) and/or the follower clamp The sleeve (2) is in communication, and the part of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) located in the drum (1) has one pipe or a plurality of pipes in parallel;

The hot gas conveying branch pipe (82) is located in the furnace tail kiln body (3) or the drum (1), and the two ends of the hot gas conveying branch pipe are respectively connected with the hot gas conveying main pipe (81) and the follower clamp The sets (2) are connected.
The hot blast stove according to claim 9, characterized in that the discharge end of the drum (1) is closed and arranged, and the furnace tail kiln body (3) rotates with the outer peripheral wall of the discharge end of the drum (1). sealed connection; the furnace tail kiln body (3) is communicated with the carbonization section (III) through the cylinder wall discharge mechanism (19); the cylinder wall discharge mechanism (19) is connected by the outside of the drum (1). It is inserted obliquely into the carbonization section (III), and passes through the discharge end, the inlet of the cylinder wall discharge mechanism (19) is located in the carbonization section (III), and the cylinder wall discharge mechanism The outlet of (19) is located in the furnace tail kiln body (3);

The hot air conveying assembly is a hot air conveying pipe (8), and the hot air conveying pipe (8) comprises:

A hot gas delivery main pipe (81), the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) and the hot gas outlet (53) are rotatably and sealedly connected, and the axis of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) coincides with the axis of the drum (1). One end of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) is communicated with the combustion furnace body (5), and the other end of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) is closed and arranged or connected with the pre-drying section (I) and/or the follower clamp The sleeve (2) is in communication, and the part of the hot gas delivery main pipe (81) located in the drum (1) has one pipe or a plurality of pipes in parallel;

The hot gas conveying branch pipe (82) is located in the furnace tail kiln body (3) or the drum (1), and the two ends of the hot gas conveying branch pipe are respectively connected with the hot gas conveying main pipe (81) and the follower clamp The sets (2) are connected.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the number of the hot gas conveying branch pipes (82) is plural, and the hot gas conveying branch pipes (82) are evenly distributed in a radial shape.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to any one of claims 14-15, characterized in that, a ventilation pipe (13) is provided in the drum (1), and the ventilation pipe (13) communicates with the follower clamp The jacket (2) and the pre-drying section (I), the heating gas in the follower jacket (2) is passed into the pre-drying section (I) through the ventilation pipe (13) for direct contact heating.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 9, wherein the hot air conveying assembly comprises:

The furnace tail air intake cylinder (14) is fixedly arranged, and the furnace tail air intake cylinder (14) is rotatably and sealedly connected with the outer peripheral wall of the drum (1) close to the discharge end, so The furnace tail air intake tube (14) is communicated with the follower jacket (2), and the furnace tail air intake tube (14) is provided with a hot gas inlet and a third ash discharge port (141);

A hot gas delivery pipe (8), the hot gas inlet (142) is communicated with the hot gas outlet (53) of the combustion furnace body (5) through the hot gas delivery pipe (8).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 18, characterized in that the discharge end of the drum (1) is closed and arranged, and the furnace tail kiln body (3) is connected to the discharge end of the drum (1). The outer peripheral wall is connected in a rotary and sealing manner, and the furnace tail kiln body (3) is communicated with the carbonization section (III) through a cylinder wall discharge mechanism (19); the cylinder wall discharge mechanism (19) is connected by the drum (1). ) is obliquely inserted into the carbonization section (III), and passes through the discharge end, the inlet of the barrel wall discharge machine (19) is located in the carbonization section (III), and the barrel wall The outlet of the discharging mechanism (19) is located in the furnace tail kiln body (3).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 18, characterized in that the discharge end of the drum (1) is closed, and the discharge end of the drum (1) is fixedly provided with a central discharge mechanism (17). , the furnace tail kiln body (3) realizes the indirect rotary sealing connection between the furnace tail kiln body (3) and the discharge end of the drum (1) by rotating and sealing with the central discharging mechanism (17), The furnace tail kiln body (3) is indirectly communicated with the carbonization section (III) through the central discharge mechanism (17).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 20, characterized in that, the furnace tail air intake duct (14) is covered outside the discharge end of the drum (1), and the furnace tail air intake duct (14) is connected to the The outer walls of the central discharging mechanism (17) are connected in a rotational and sealing manner.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to any one of claims 18-21, characterized in that, an air supply pipe (22) and/or a ventilation pipe (13) are arranged in the drum (1);

One end of the air supply pipe (22) is communicated with the furnace tail air inlet cylinder (14), and the other end of the air supply pipe is communicated with the pre-drying section (I) and/or the follower jacket (2);

The vent pipe (13) communicates with the follower jacket (2) and the pre-drying section (I), and the heating gas in the follower jacket (2) is vented through the vent pipe (13). into the pre-drying section (I) for direct contact heating.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 22, characterized in that, the gas supply pipe (22) comprises a gas supply main pipe (222) and a gas supply branch pipe (221), and the gas supply branch pipe (221) is connected to the furnace tail inlet pipe (221). The air cylinder (14) is in communication, one end of the air supply main pipe (222) is in communication with the air supply branch pipe (221), and the other end of the air supply main pipe (222) is connected with the drying section (I) and/or the follower The jacket (2) is communicated, and the part of the air supply main pipe (222) located in the drum (1) has one pipe or a plurality of pipes in parallel.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 20, wherein the central discharging mechanism (17) is a central screw discharging mechanism or a central piston discharging mechanism, and the inlet of the central discharging mechanism (17) A turning plate (18) is fixed at the place, and the turning plate (18) is extended and fixed on the inner wall of the drum (1);

The center screw discharge mechanism includes:

A central discharge cylinder, one end of the central discharge cylinder is fixed to the discharge end of the drum (1), and the other end is connected with the furnace tail kiln body (3) in a rotational and sealing manner, and the central discharge cylinder is connected to the The furnace tail air intake cylinder (14) is connected in a rotary seal;

a central screw, which is rotatably arranged on the central discharge cylinder;

The second power component is drivingly connected with the central screw, and is used for driving the central screw to rotate relative to the central discharge cylinder.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 15 or 19, characterized in that, the barrel wall discharge mechanism (19) is a barrel wall screw discharge mechanism.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, the solid-phase conveying device (9) is a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor is inclined and sequentially inserted into the pair from the outside of the drum (1). It should be in the two adjacent process sections of the screw conveyor and pass through the segment plate (15), and the material inlet (911) of the screw conveyor is located close to the two adjacent process sections. In one of the process sections of the burner device, the material outlet (912) of the screw conveyor is located in the other of the two adjacent process sections away from the burner device.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 26, characterized in that, the screw conveyor comprises a power part (93), a screw part (92) and a cylinder (91), and the screw part (92) is provided in the Inside the cylinder (91), the screw member (92) is connected to the power member (93) in a driving manner, and the material outlet (912) of the screw conveyor is opened at the end of the cylinder (91) , the cylinder body (91) is not provided in the part of the screw conveyor which is located in the process section close to the furnace head device.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 27, characterized in that the helical part (92) is an intermittent helical or a continuous helical; and/or the helical part (92) is close to the surface of the screw conveyor. There is a distance between one end of the material outlet (912) and the end of the cylinder (91).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 27, further comprising a controller and a position switch, wherein the power component (93) and the position switch are both signally connected to the controller, and the position switch Set on the drum (1), when the solid-phase conveying device (9) is within the material accumulation range directly below the drum (1), the position switch is triggered, and the controller controls the power component (93) ) operation, the power part (93) drives the screw part (92) to move.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 29, wherein the position switch is any one or a combination of a photoelectric switch or a magnetic induction switch.
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that, the solid-phase conveying device (9) is arranged outside the drum (1), and the inlet and the outlet of the solid-phase conveying device (9) They are respectively connected with the barrel walls of the two adjacent process sections corresponding to the solid phase conveying device (9).
The three-stage rotary kiln according to claim 31, characterized in that, the solid phase conveying device (9) is a screw conveyor or a piston conveyor.