WO2022159001A1 - Moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022159001A1
WO2022159001A1 PCT/RU2022/000017 RU2022000017W WO2022159001A1 WO 2022159001 A1 WO2022159001 A1 WO 2022159001A1 RU 2022000017 W RU2022000017 W RU 2022000017W WO 2022159001 A1 WO2022159001 A1 WO 2022159001A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
shaft
annular element
central
toroidal cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2022/000017
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Андрей Степанович ГАЛИЦКИЙ
Original Assignee
Андрей Степанович ГАЛИЦКИЙ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Андрей Степанович ГАЛИЦКИЙ filed Critical Андрей Степанович ГАЛИЦКИЙ
Publication of WO2022159001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022159001A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/063—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B57/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary engines in which the combusted gases displace one or more reciprocating pistons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of engine building and can be used in the automotive industry, shipbuilding, tractor building, production of power plants and other areas where internal combustion engines are used.
  • a device is known - an internal combustion engine (RF patent No. 2371593, publication date 27.10.2009).
  • the internal combustion engine contains a housing, rotor pairs of pistons, a spark plug and position locks of the rotor pairs of pistons.
  • Rotary pairs of pistons are installed in one working cavity on a common axis with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis, periodic connection with the axis and division of the working cavity into four working chambers.
  • the working cavity is formed between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the axle.
  • the engine includes an inlet valve and an injector.
  • Each rotary pair of pistons is symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation. All rotor pairs of pistons are installed with the possibility of periodic connection with the housing.
  • the inlet valve and the outlet are connected to one working cavity.
  • the engine is additionally equipped with position sensors of the rotor pairs of pistons installed in the housing, in the rotor pairs of pistons and in the axis.
  • the position locks of the rotor pairs of pistons are installed in the rotor pairs of pistons, in the housing and in the axis.
  • the closest technical solution is an internal combustion engine (RF patent No. 2097584, publication date 11/27/1997).
  • the internal combustion engine contains an annular chamber, four plungers, seals, a stopper and an ignition device.
  • Four plungers are installed in the annular chamber with the possibility of rotation in one direction around the axis of the annular chamber by means of clamps directions.
  • Plungers located opposite to the axis of rotation are rigidly interconnected in pairs by means of disks.
  • the seals are installed on the plungers.
  • the stopper is configured to limit the travel of a pair of rigidly connected plungers relative to the travel of another pair of rigidly connected plungers.
  • the inlet channel and the outlet channel are made in the wall of the annular chamber.
  • the ignition device is installed in the wall of the annular chamber. Inside the annular chamber is made in the form of a torus formed by the outer ring and the surfaces of the disks facing the outer ring.
  • the inner surface of the outer ring is made with a concavity, which in the longitudinal relative to the axis of rotation of the section is made in the form of a semicircle.
  • the surfaces of the disks are made with concavities, which in the longitudinal section relative to the axis of rotation are made in the form of a quarter of a circle.
  • the concavity of the outer ring is conjugated with the concavities of the discs to form a circle.
  • the plungers are made in the form of a torus sector.
  • the seal is made in the form of a compression ring installed on the round surface of the torus sector.
  • the technical result of the invention is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for this purpose.
  • the stated technical result is achieved due to the fact that in an internal combustion engine containing a central shaft, a first shaft, a second shaft, a housing, a first holding means, a second holding means, springs, magnets, electromagnets, an ignition means, a fixing means, four central connecting elements , the first two connecting elements, the second two connecting elements, the first annular element, the second annular element, the first piston, the second piston, the third piston, the fourth piston and the control unit, the body is structurally connected to the first holding means and the second holding means, the central shaft is connected to central connecting elements, the first shaft is connected to the first annular element by means of the first connecting elements, the first annular element is connected to the first piston and the third piston, the second shaft is connected to the second annular element by means of the second connecting elements elements, the second annular element is connected to the second piston and the fourth piston, the central shaft is located inside the first shaft, the first shaft is located inside the second shaft, the central shaft, the first shaft and the second shaft are located coaxially,
  • FIG. 1 means of fixation 1, latch 2. toroidal cavity 3, second piston 4, third body part 5, electromagnet 6, magnet 7, first protrusion 8, second protrusion 9, central shaft 10, first shaft I, second shaft 12, second body part 13, first connecting element 14, second connecting element 15, first body part 16, central connecting element 17, hinge 18, spring 19, notch 20, detachable part (body) 21, first piston 22, first annular element 23, third piston 24, fourth piston 25, igniter 26, outlet 27, inlet 28, as well as Roman numerals indicate the working volumes: the first working volume I, the second working volume II, the third working volume III and the fourth working volume IV.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of the internal combustion engine assembly, while the gap between the second piston 4 and the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 is shown enlarged for clarity
  • figure 2 shows the first shaft 11 with the first connecting elements 14, the first annular element 23, the first piston 22 and the third piston 24
  • Fig.3 shows the connection of the central shaft 10 with the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 by means of springs 19
  • Fig.4-7 schematically shows the working volumes and the elements forming them according to the cycles of the internal combustion engine.
  • the main elements of the internal combustion engine are the central shaft 10 with the central connecting elements 17, the springs 19, the first shaft And with the first connecting elements 14, the first annular element 23, the first piston 22 and the third piston 24, the second shaft 12 with the second connecting elements 15, the second annular element, the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25, the body, the first holding means, the second holding means, the electromagnets 6, the magnets 7, the fixing means 1, the ignition means 26 and the control unit.
  • the central shaft 10 is an elongated structural element, the transverse dimensions of which are small compared to its length.
  • the central shaft 10 is made with a circular cross section.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions of the central shaft 10 are selected so that it can be installed inside the first shaft 11.
  • the central shaft 10 is installed inside the first shaft 11 coaxially with the first shaft 11.
  • the material of the central shaft 10 is selected to ensure resistance to operational loads. In a particular case, the central shaft 10 may be made of metal.
  • the central shaft 10 is connected to the central connecting elements 17.
  • the central connecting element 17 is made in the form of a rod or an elongated plate. There are four central connecting elements 17. Central connecting elements 17 are attached to the central shaft 10 near one of its ends. In a particular case, the central connecting elements 17 can be made integral with the central shaft 10. The central connecting elements 17 are generally orthogonal to the central shaft 10. In this case, the central connecting elements 17 are generally located at an equal angular distance from each other crosswise with respect to each other , i.e. each central connecting element 17 is located perpendicular to two adjacent central connecting elements 17 and in line with the central connecting element 17 located on the opposite side of the central shaft 10. At the ends of the central connecting elements 17, the most distant from the axis of the central shaft 10, fixed springs 19.
  • Spring 19 is an elastically deformable element that provides absorption, accumulation and return of mechanical energy.
  • helical coil springs 19 are installed in the engine (GOST 13764-86 Helical compression and tension springs made of round steel. Classification).
  • Each spring 19 is fixed with one of its ends at the end of the corresponding central connecting element 17.
  • two springs 19 are fixed on each central connecting element 17.
  • One of the springs 19 of one of the central connecting elements 17 is connected to the corresponding first connecting element 14.
  • Another spring 19 of the same central connecting element 17 is connected to the second connecting element 15 corresponding to it.
  • two springs 19 corresponding to it are attached to each first connecting element 14, two springs 19 corresponding to it are attached to each second connecting element 15.
  • the springs 19 together form a closed sequence of springs 19, in which they alternately connect the central connecting element 17, first connecting element 14, another central connecting element 17, second connecting element 15. other central connecting element 17, another first connecting element 14, another central connecting element 17. the central connecting element 17.
  • the springs 19 are attached to the respective first connecting elements 14 and the second connecting elements 15, in particular, by means of elements that can rotate around their attachment point, for example, hinges 18. Such attachment prevents kinks, bends and twisting of the spring 19 , and also provides an increase in the service life of this fastener.
  • the central shaft 10 on the side opposite to the central connecting elements 17 is made and installed in such a way that the work load can be removed from it.
  • the first shaft 11 is a long hollow product in the form of a pipe.
  • the cross section of the first shaft And is round.
  • the external dimensions of the cross section are made so as to be able to install it inside the second shaft 12.
  • the first shaft 1 1 is located inside the second shaft 12 coaxially with the second shaft 12.
  • the internal dimensions of the cross section are made so that the central shaft 10 can be placed inside it.
  • the material of the first shaft 1 1 is selected with the provision of resistance to operational loads.
  • the first shaft 11 is made of metal.
  • the first shaft 11 is connected to the first annular element 13 through the first two connecting elements 14.
  • the first connecting elements 14, in the particular case, are made with the possibility of connecting the first annular element 23 to the first shaft 11 and can be made in any shape.
  • the first connecting elements 14 are made in the form of rods or elongated plates.
  • the first connecting elements 14 are located near one of the ends of the first shaft 1 1.
  • the first connecting elements 14 are generally orthogonal to the axis of the first shaft 1 1.
  • the first the connecting elements 14 are located on opposite sides of the axis of the first shaft 11 with respect to each other as a whole along one straight line.
  • the first connecting elements 14 are securely fixed on the first shaft 1 1. or in a particular case can be made integral with the first shaft 1 1.
  • the first connecting elements 14 are made equal to each other.
  • the first connecting elements 14 with their ends most distant from the axis of the first shaft 11 are attached to the first annular element 23.
  • the first annular element 23 is made in the form of a ring.
  • the first annular element 23 is made equal to the smallest diameter of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the first annular element 23 is located coaxially with the first shaft 11.
  • the material of the first annular element 23 is selected to withstand all operating loads.
  • the first annular element 23 is made of metal.
  • the first annular element 23 is connected to the first connecting elements 14 along the surface of the smallest diameter.
  • the first annular element 14 is connected to the first piston pair on the side of the surface of the largest diameter, i.e. with the first piston 22 and the third piston 24.
  • the corresponding magnets 7 are fixed on the first shaft 11. In a particular case, these magnets 7 are fixed on the first protrusions 8 on the first shaft 11.
  • the first protrusions 8 are located near the end opposite the first connecting elements 14.
  • the first protrusions 8 are generally perpendicular to the axis of the first shaft 1 1.
  • the first protrusions 8 can be made as separate rods or plates.
  • the first protrusions 8 can be interconnected or made integrally in the form of a flat ring or disk.
  • the second shaft 12 is a long hollow product in the form of a pipe.
  • the cross section of the second shaft 12 is round.
  • the external dimensions of the cross-section of the second shaft 12 are made with the possibility of its fastening with the possibility of rotation in the first holding means, i.e., in a particular case, its installation inside the second body part 13.
  • the internal dimensions of the cross-section of the second shaft 12 are made with the possibility placing the first shaft 11 inside it.
  • the material of the second shaft 12 is selected with ensuring resistance to operational loads.
  • the second shaft 12 is made of metal.
  • the second shaft 12 is connected to the second annular element (not shown in the figures, made similarly to the first annular element 23 and located in close proximity to it) through the second connecting elements 15.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are designed to connect the second annular element to the second shaft 12 and can be made in any shape.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are made in the form of rods or elongated plates.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are located on the side of one of the ends of the second shaft 12.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are located orthogonally to the axis of the second shaft 12.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are located on opposite sides of the axis of the second shaft 12 relative to each other in general in one straight line.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are securely fixed on the second shaft 12, or, in a particular case, can be made integral with the second shaft 12.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are made equal to each other.
  • the second connecting elements 15 are attached to the second annular element with the ends farthest from the axis of the second shaft 12.
  • the second annular element is made in the form of a ring.
  • the second annular element is made equal to the smallest diameter of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the second annular element is located coaxially with the second shaft 12.
  • the material of the second annular element is selected to ensure resistance to all operating loads.
  • the second annular element is made of metal.
  • the second annular element is connected to the second connecting elements 15 along the surface of the smallest diameter.
  • the second annular element on the side of the surface of the largest diameter is connected to the second piston pair, i.e. with the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25.
  • the corresponding magnets 7 are fixed on the second shaft 12. In a particular case, these magnets 7 are fixed on the second protrusions 9 on the second shaft 12.
  • the second protrusions 9 are located near the end opposite the second connecting elements 15.
  • the second protrusions 9 are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the second shaft 12.
  • the second protrusions 9 can be made as separate rods or plates.
  • the second protrusions 9 can be interconnected or made integrally in the form of a flat ring or disk.
  • the first piston 22, the second piston 4, the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25 are made in the form of a part of a torus of small thickness.
  • the specified part of the torus is formed by two surfaces passing through the central axis of the torus (or the so-called axis of rotation) and through its radius, as well as the curvilinear surface of the torus itself located between them.
  • the first piston 22, the second piston 4, the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25 are installed with the possibility of creating sealed volumes between them. Tightness can be provided by any available method applicable to the art. In a particular case, seals (piston rings or gaskets) can be used.
  • the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 are fixed on the side of the outer diameter of the first annular element 23.
  • the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 can be fixed directly to the first annular element 23 or by means of intermediate elements, for example, protrusions or pins, providing a reliable connection that is resistant to operational loads.
  • the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 are located on opposite sides of the first annular element 23.
  • the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 are located generally perpendicular to the first annular element 23. In a particular case, the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 are located in the same plane, orthogonal to the plane of the first ring element 23.
  • the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25 are fixed on the side of the outer diameter of the second annular element.
  • the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25 may be fixed directly to the second annular element or via intermediate elements, for example. protrusions or pins that provide a reliable connection that is resistant to operational loads.
  • the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25 are located on opposite sides of the second annular element.
  • the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25 are generally perpendicular to the second annular element.
  • the second piston 4 and the fourth piston 25 are generally located in the same plane orthogonal to the plane of the second annular element.
  • the housing is the outer part of the engine, which ensures the retention of all engine elements in space in a certain way, as well as protecting all elements and mechanisms from environmental factors. At the same time, the housing restricts access to the moving structural element to prevent injury to a person.
  • the body can be made in any shape. The body can be made in one piece or made up of several parts.
  • the casing has a toroidal cavity 3 bounded by a wall, a cutout 20, as well as inlets 28 and outlets 27. housing, partially forming a toroidal cavity 3.
  • Toroidal cavity 3 is made in the shape of a torus.
  • the toroidal cavity 3 is bounded by a wall, which is an element (the surface and at least layers of the body material adjacent to it), which actually forms a toroidal cavity 3.
  • the toroidal cavity 3 is made coaxially with the central shaft 10.
  • the central axis of the torus or the so-called axis rotation
  • a cutout 20 is made on the inner side of the toroidal cavity 3 in the wall facing the axis of rotation of the torus.
  • the cutout 20 is made annular.
  • the cutout 20 is made coaxially with the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the cutout 20 is made in width so that it can accommodate the first annular element 23 and the second annular element.
  • the first annular element 23 and the second annular element are located in the cutout 20 of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • annular element And of the annular element are made generally equal to each other with the possibility of forming a sealed space inside with the first annular element 23 and the second annular element installed in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • sealing rings are installed at the point of contact of the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 along the cutout 20 with the first annular element 23 and the second annular element, as well as the first annular element 23 with the second annular element.
  • the sealing ring is a ring made of an elastic sealing material that seals the gap between the elements, as well as the unhindered movement (rotation) of the engine element (the first annular element 23 and the second annular element).
  • Lubricants can be used to ensure the smooth movement of the elements.
  • appropriate grooves, cavities, holes or cutouts can be made.
  • the control unit is designed to ensure the correct interaction of the engine elements.
  • the control unit is designed to enable timely issuance of a signal to turn on and off the fixing means 1, turn on and off the electromagnets 6 of the stepper motor, and also, in a particular case, the ignition means 26.
  • the fixation means 1 is made with the possibility of holding in turn each of the pistons (the first piston 22, the second piston 4, the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25) in a certain position inside the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the fixing means 1 can be made electric.
  • the means of fixation 1 is installed in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3, in the particular case from the side of its largest diameter.
  • the fixation means 1 is provided with a latch 2.
  • the latch 2 is a movable part of the fixing means 1, made with the possibility of passing through the wall (from the wall) of the toroidal cavity 3 and engaging with each of the pistons in turn. In this case, in each of the pistons, corresponding to the means of fixation 1 recess.
  • Ignition means 26 is designed to ignite the mixture located in the first working volume I.
  • electronic ignition means 26 can be used as ignition means 26, which produces a spark at certain points in time.
  • the ignition means 26 is installed in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the ignition means 26 is located in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 near the diametrical plane passing through the axis of rotation of the central shaft 10 and the fixation means 1.
  • Inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27 are made in the housing. Inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27 are located on the opposite side from the axis of rotation of the central shaft 10 with respect to the ignition means 26. In this case, the inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27 are located near the diametral plane passing through the axis of rotation of the central shaft 10 and the means of fixation 1. The inlet holes 28 and the means of ignition 26 are located on opposite sides of the diametrical plane passing through the axis of rotation of the central shaft 10 and the means of fixation 1. There can be several inlet holes 28 in the housing. The inlet holes 28 are made through, providing access through them for the working medium into the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the inlet holes 28 are located in the form of a ring as a whole in one plane passing through the axis of rotation of the torus, as a form of a toroidal cavity 3.
  • Outlet holes 27 and the ignition means 26 are located on one side of the diametral plane passing through the axis of rotation of the central shaft 10 and the locking means 1.
  • outlet holes 27 are located in the form of a ring as a whole in one plane passing through the axis of rotation of the torus, as a form of toroidal cavity 3.
  • Inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27 are equidistant from the diametral line of the toroidal cavity 3 passing through the axis rotation of the central shaft 10 and fixing means 1.
  • the fixing means 1 is located on the opposite side relative to the axis of rotation of the torus, as a toroidal cavity 3, in relation to the inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27.
  • the ignition means 26 is located nearby from fixing means 1 on the side of pistons moving away from fixing means 1.
  • the housing is structurally connected to the first holding means and the second holding means.
  • Structural connection provides spatial mutual arrangement and retention of the component elements of the device (engine) with ensuring its structural unity and performance.
  • Structural connection has a complex configuration with a developed spatial structure, including various protruding elements in the form of frame structures for fastening individual assemblies and structural elements, for example, the first retaining means and the second retaining means.
  • the first retaining means and the second retaining means can be made as parts of the housing to accommodate the constituent elements and components of the device inside it, for example, including electromagnets 6, shafts, etc.
  • the first body part 16 and the second body part 13 act as the first holding means
  • the third body part 5 acts as the second holding means.
  • the first body part 16 is made in the form of a flat ring or disk.
  • the outer diameter of the first body part 16 corresponds to the diameter of the toroidal cavity 3 along the edge of the cutout 20.
  • the first body part 16 is connected (in a particular case, permanently) to the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 along the edge of the cutout 20.
  • the inner diameter of the first body part 16 is made corresponding to the diameter of the second body part 13.
  • the first body part 16 is connected (in a particular case, permanently) with one of the ends of the second body part 13.
  • the second body part 13 (the second holding means) is made with the possibility of placing and fastening inside it and unhindered rotation in it of coaxially installed central shaft 10, the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12.
  • the second body part 13 is made cylindrical.
  • the second body part 13 and the cutout 20 in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 are located on opposite sides of the first body part 16.
  • the second body part 13 is designed to be connected and disconnected from the third body part 5 near the end opposite to the connection with the first body part 16.
  • the third body part 5 is made with the possibility of closing the engine part, in which the first protrusions 8 with the corresponding magnets 7 and the second protrusions 9 with the corresponding magnets 7 are located.
  • Magnets 7 and electromagnets 6 are placed with the possibility of their interaction through a magnetic field.
  • the electromagnets 6 are fixed in the second holding means.
  • the electromagnets 6 are installed at regular intervals around the entire perimeter of the third body part 5, ensuring their interaction with the magnets 7 mounted on the first protrusions 8 and the second protrusions 9. angle while the engine is running.
  • the first piston 22, the second piston 4, the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25 are sequentially located inside the toroidal cavity 3 with the formation between them and the corresponding surfaces of the toroidal cavity 3 of the first working volume I, the second working volume II, the third working volume III and the fourth working volume IV .
  • the first piston pair and the second piston pair are arranged crosswise.
  • the first working volume I, the second working volume II, the third working volume III and the fourth working volume IV at different times have different sizes and are formed by two different pistons (the first piston 22 and the second piston 4, the second piston 4 and the third piston 24. the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25, the fourth piston 25 and the first piston 22).
  • the other piston of this piston pair (the second piston 4) also remains stationary behind due to the rigid fixation of the pistons of one piston pair relative to each other (for example, on the second annular element of the second shaft 12).
  • the other piston (second piston 4) is located in a neutral position between the inlet holes 28 and outlet holes 27.
  • the neutral position is understood as a position without deviation towards one or another volume, the absence of active action in the formation or change of volumes, in the middle, on the whole equal distance from opposite objects (inlets 28 and outlets 27).
  • the first working volume I is located between the piston, fixed by means of fixing means 1, and another piston moving away from it at the moment.
  • An ignition means 26 is installed in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 at the location of the first working volume I.
  • the first working volume I is a combustion chamber or a working stroke chamber, i.e. place of combustion of the working environment.
  • the second working volume II is located between the piston of the fixed piston pair, located in the neutral position, and the piston approaching it. Outlet holes 27 are made in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 at the location of the second working volume.
  • the second working volume II is an exhaust gas exhaust chamber.
  • the third working volume III is located between the piston of the fixed piston pair, located in the neutral position, and the piston moving away from it.
  • Inlet holes 28 are made in the wall of the toroidal cavity 3 at the location of the third working volume III.
  • the third working volume III is a working medium inlet chamber.
  • the fourth working volume IV is located between the piston, fixed by fixing means 1, and the piston approaching it.
  • the fourth working volume IV is a working medium compression chamber.
  • the engine is assembled in the manner described above.
  • a body is made with a removable part 21, which after their connection form the indicated toroidal cavity 3.
  • the connection accuracy of these parts of the body is performed from the condition of maintaining the tightness and operability of the engine as a whole.
  • the description of the operation of the engine is given before the start of a new stroke when fixing by means of fixing means 1 of the second piston pair, namely the fourth piston 25, as shown in Fig.4.
  • the second piston 4 is located in a neutral position between the inlet holes 28 and the outlet holes 27.
  • the first working volume I is formed by the fourth piston 25, the first piston 22 and the corresponding section of the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the first working volume I contains a compressed working medium.
  • the second working volume II is formed by the first piston 22, the second piston 4 and the corresponding section of the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the exhaust gases are located in the second working volume II.
  • the third working volume III is formed by the second piston 4, the third piston 24 and the corresponding section of the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the third working volume III contains the remains of the exhaust gases after their release.
  • the fourth working volume IV is formed by the third piston 24, the fourth piston 25 and the corresponding section of the wall of the toroidal cavity 3.
  • the inlet working medium is located in the fourth working volume IV.
  • the control unit issues a command to turn on the ignition means 26.
  • the ignition means 26 is activated.
  • the ignition and expansion of the working medium and, as a result, the working stroke occurs.
  • the first piston pair begins its rotation, as shown in Fig.5.
  • the first piston 22 moves from the fourth piston 25 to the second piston 4 under the action of an expanding working medium.
  • the second working volume II decreases and the exhaust gases are forced out through the exhaust holes 27.
  • Simultaneously with the first piston 22 moves the third piston 24.
  • the third piston 24 moves from the second piston 4 to the fourth piston 25.
  • a vacuum is formed in the third working volume III and the working medium is forced into it through the inlet holes 28.
  • the working medium located in the fourth working volume IV under the pressure of the second piston 4 is compressed.
  • the third working volume III also reaches its maximum value.
  • the second working volume II reaches its minimum value.
  • the fourth working volume IV reaches its minimum value. In this case, the maximum compression of the working medium occurs in the fourth working volume IV.
  • the first piston 22 and the third piston 24 stop as shown in FIG.
  • the fixing means 1 disengages the latch 2 from the fourth piston 25, releasing it.
  • voltage is applied to the corresponding electromagnets of the 6 stepper motor. Electromagnets 6 with their magnetic field repel magnets 7 fixed on the first protrusions 8 and second protrusions 9. There is a simultaneous discrete angular displacement of the first protrusions 8 and second protrusions 9 at a given angle, as well as, respectively, the rotation of the first piston pair and the second piston pair. The first piston pair is in the locking position.
  • the fixing means 1 is activated and the latch 2 engages with the third piston 24.
  • the first piston 22 occupies a neutral position between the inlet holes 28 and the outlet holes 27, as shown in Fig.7.
  • the first working volume I is formed by the third piston 24 and the fourth piston 25. At the same time, between them there is a working medium compressed earlier (during the previous working stroke) in the fourth working volume III.
  • the second working volume II is formed by the fourth piston 25 and the first piston 22. At the same time, the exhaust gases that burned earlier (during the previous working stroke) in the first working volume I are located between them.
  • the third working volume III is formed by the first piston 22 and the second piston 4.
  • the fourth working volume IV is formed by the second piston 4 and the third piston 24. At the same time, between them is the working medium drawn earlier (during the previous working stroke) in the third working volume III.
  • the ignition means 26 is activated.
  • the working medium ignites and expands in the first working volume I.
  • the fourth piston 25 rotates towards the first piston 22, pushing the exhaust gases through the exhaust holes 27.
  • the second piston 4 rotates towards the third piston 24.
  • the third working volume III increases in size and draws in the working medium through the inlets 28.
  • the locking means 1 is turned off.
  • the first piston pair and the second piston pair are rotated.
  • the second piston 4 is fixed by means of fixation 1 and the working stroke is repeated in the manner described earlier.
  • the increase in efficiency is due to: closer to the ideal thermodynamic process, the expansion of the working mixture due to the fact that the moments of maximum acceleration of the working piston and maximum pressure in the first working volume I (combustion chamber) coincide; the absence of a rigid mechanical connection between the working shaft and the pistons and the replacement of this connection with an adjustable one using a control unit and the use of stepper motors, which allows you to vary the compression ratio depending on the engine operating mode; the absence of intake and exhaust valves and related mechanisms leads to a more economical engine operation.
  • the reduction in weight and volume is achieved due to the fact that in the engine four working areas are formed inside one toroidal cavity 3.
  • This design is equivalent to an 8-cylinder internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism, since there is one working stroke for every quarter of a revolution of the working shaft corresponding piston, while in a 4-stroke 4-cylinder internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism, one stroke occurs for every half-turn of the working shaft.
  • the volume of the cooling system also decreases due to more local cooling - only part of the engine in the area of the first working volume I (combustion chamber) needs to be cooled, therefore, the weight of the engine and its volume are reduced. Due to the reduction in the volume and total weight of the engine, an increase in its specific power is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la construction des moteurs. Le résultat technique de la présente invention consiste en un allongement de durée de vie active, une augmentation de puissance spécifique, une baisse de poids, une hausse du rendement du moteur. Une unité de commande actionne un moyen d'allumage. On assiste à l'allumage et à la détente du milieu de travail (course fonctionnelle). La première paire de pistons commence sa rotation. Le premier piston s'éloigne du quatrième piston vers le deuxième piston sous l'action du milieu de travail qui se détend. On assiste à une réduction du deuxième volume de travail II et à l'échappement de gaz usés via des ouvertures de sortie. Le troisième piston se déplace en même temps que le premier piston s'éloignant du deuxième piston vers le quatrième piston. On assiste à une détente dans le troisième volume de travail et une injection forcée dans celui-ci du milieu de travail via les ouvertures d'entrée. Le milieu de travail se trouvant dans le quatrième volume de travail est comprimé. Lorsque le premier volume de travail I atteint une valeur maximale, le troisième volume de travail atteint également sa valeur maximale. On assiste à une compression maximale du milieu de travail dans le quatrième volume de travail. Les premier et troisième pistons s'arrêtent.
PCT/RU2022/000017 2021-01-20 2022-01-20 Moteur à combustion interne WO2022159001A1 (fr)

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RU2021101150A RU2753083C1 (ru) 2021-01-20 2021-01-20 Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
RU2021101150 2021-01-20

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2097584C1 (ru) * 1994-12-13 1997-11-27 Владимир Георгиевич Никитин Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
WO2006110787A2 (fr) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-19 Mccoin Dan K Differentiel presentant une commande de retroaction guidee pour un moteur a pistons rotatifs opposes
US20110185998A1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-04 Dalhousie University Toroidal engine
WO2016145440A1 (fr) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Hicks Edward Alan Moteur/moteur à combustion avec pistons rotatifs

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3854457A (en) * 1971-10-11 1974-12-17 Taurozzi A Rotary engine
RU2135795C1 (ru) * 1997-07-01 1999-08-27 Фонд восстановления республики немцев в Поволжье "Республика" Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
AU2006274692B2 (en) * 2005-08-01 2012-07-05 Savvas Savvakis Internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2097584C1 (ru) * 1994-12-13 1997-11-27 Владимир Георгиевич Никитин Двигатель внутреннего сгорания
WO2006110787A2 (fr) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-19 Mccoin Dan K Differentiel presentant une commande de retroaction guidee pour un moteur a pistons rotatifs opposes
US20110185998A1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-04 Dalhousie University Toroidal engine
WO2016145440A1 (fr) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Hicks Edward Alan Moteur/moteur à combustion avec pistons rotatifs

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