WO2022158134A1 - 電源回路、及びそれを備える発電システム - Google Patents

電源回路、及びそれを備える発電システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022158134A1
WO2022158134A1 PCT/JP2021/044252 JP2021044252W WO2022158134A1 WO 2022158134 A1 WO2022158134 A1 WO 2022158134A1 JP 2021044252 W JP2021044252 W JP 2021044252W WO 2022158134 A1 WO2022158134 A1 WO 2022158134A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
power generation
storage unit
unit
power storage
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Application number
PCT/JP2021/044252
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅明 野田
康平 橘田
泰明 亀山
清仁 丸尾
優作 清水
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Priority to JP2022577016A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022158134A1/ja
Publication of WO2022158134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022158134A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H02M7/08—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a power supply circuit and a power generation system including the same. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a power supply circuit that performs voltage conversion of the output of a power generation unit that performs energy harvesting, and a power generation system that includes the same.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power generation system that includes a starter that has an adsorbent and moves from a start point to an end point, and a cantilever-shaped power generation section that generates power by vibrating.
  • a starter that has an adsorbent and moves from a start point to an end point
  • a cantilever-shaped power generation section that generates power by vibrating.
  • the power generating unit bends and tilts as the attracting member of the starting unit and the power generating unit move toward the end point while being attracted to each other.
  • the adsorbent is detached from the power generation unit, the adsorbent starts to vibrate, and the power generation unit generates power according to the vibration of the adsorption unit.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a power supply circuit and a power generation system capable of efficiently extracting power from at least two types of power generation units.
  • a power supply circuit is a power supply circuit to which power is supplied from a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, and includes a first power storage unit, a second power storage unit, a switch, and a voltage conversion unit. And prepare.
  • the first power storage unit charges electric power generated by the first power generation unit.
  • a said 2nd electrical storage part charges the electric power which a said 2nd electric power generation part generates.
  • the switch is electrically connected to the second power storage unit.
  • the voltage conversion unit is electrically connected to the first power storage unit and electrically connected to the second power storage unit via the switch.
  • a power generation system includes the power supply circuit, the first power generation section, and the second power generation section.
  • a power generation system includes a first power generation unit, a second power generation unit that starts generating power after the first power generation unit generates power, and electrically connecting the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit. and the power supply circuit connected thereto.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an overview of a power supply circuit and a power generation system including the same according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure and a power generation system including the same.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same power generation system.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the same power generation system.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram for explaining a specific configuration of the power supply circuit and a power generation system including the same.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of temporal changes in the charging voltages of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit included in the power supply circuit and the on/off state of the switch.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating specific configurations of the power supply circuit and the power generation system of Modification 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating specific configurations of the power supply circuit and the power generation system of Modification 2.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure and a power generation system including the same.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of temporal changes in the charged voltages of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit included in the power supply circuit and the on/off state of the diode.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating specific configurations of the power supply circuit and the power generation system of Modification 1. As shown in FIG.
  • a power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment and a power generation system 100 including the same will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of this embodiment is supplied with electric power from a first power generation section 11 and a second power generation section 12 .
  • the power supply circuit 1 includes a first power storage unit 21, a second power storage unit 22, a switch SW1, and a voltage conversion unit 3.
  • the first power storage unit 21 charges the electric power generated by the first power generation unit 11 .
  • the second power storage unit 22 charges the electric power generated by the second power generation unit 12 .
  • the switch SW1 is electrically connected to the second power storage unit 22 .
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 is electrically connected to the first power storage unit 21 and electrically connected to the second power storage unit 22 via the switch SW1.
  • switch SW1 is in a conductive state for electrically connecting second power storage unit 22 and voltage conversion unit 3 and in a non-conductive state for electrically disconnecting second power storage unit 22 and voltage conversion unit 3 . It is a circuit element that can be switched between a conducting state and a conducting state.
  • the switch SW1 is, for example, a semiconductor switch that switches between a conducting state and a non-conducting state according to a control signal input from a control circuit or the like, or a diode that switches between a conducting state and a non-conducting state according to the voltage relationship between the anode and the cathode. may include circuit elements such as When the switch SW1 is turned on, the second power storage unit 22 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 3 via the switch SW1.
  • the switch SW1 is set to a condition related to at least one of the magnitude relationship between the voltage of the first power storage unit 21 and the voltage of the second power storage unit 22, the state of charge of the first power storage unit 21, and the state of power generation of the first power generation unit 11. It is preferably arranged to switch between the conducting state and the non-conducting state in response to .
  • the power generation system 100 of this embodiment includes the power supply circuit 1 described above, and the first power generation section 11 and the second power generation section 12 .
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment is a power supply circuit to which power is supplied from at least two types of power generation units 10.
  • at least two types of power generation units 10 are a first power generation unit 11 and a second power generation unit 11.
  • a case in which the power generation unit 12 is included will be described as an example.
  • a case where at least two power storage units 2 charged with power generated by at least two types of power generation units 10 include a first power storage unit 21 and a second power storage unit 22 will be described as an example. do.
  • the capacity value of the power storage unit is determined according to the power generation unit 10 with the smaller power generation amount, the power storage unit cannot store all the output of the power generation unit 10 with the larger power generation amount, and the power that is wasted increases. , there is a possibility that power cannot be extracted efficiently.
  • the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12 is stored in the corresponding first power storage unit 21 and second power storage unit 22, respectively. Therefore, the capacity values of the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 can be set according to the power generation amounts of the corresponding first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12, respectively. Power can be efficiently extracted from 10.
  • the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12 generate power by, for example, energy harvesting.
  • Energy harvesting also known as energy harvesting, is a power generation method that recovers energy such as light, vibration, heat, and electromagnetic waves in the environment and converts it into electric power.
  • the vibration in the environment may include vibration generated by a machine such as an electric motor, as well as vibration generated by a user pressing a switch button or the like.
  • the power generation unit 10 generates two types of power generation according to at least one of forward movement and return movement of the movable part 4 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) that reciprocates according to the user's operation.
  • the at least two types of power generation units 10 may be at least two power generation units having different power generation methods, or may have the same power generation method and the same power generation amount or power generation period. At least two power generation units different from each other may be used. Moreover, the at least two types of power generation units 10 are not limited to those that perform environmental power generation, and may be those that generate power by other power generation methods.
  • the load L1 may be, for example, a communication unit that performs wireless communication or the like, a light source, a sound generator, or a sensor. Moreover, the load L1 may be a combination of a sensor or a switch and a communication unit that wirelessly transmits the output signal of the sensor or the switch to the outside.
  • Embodiment 1 A power supply circuit 1 according to Embodiment 1 and a power generation system 100 including the same will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.
  • FIG. 1 A power supply circuit 1 according to Embodiment 1 and a power generation system 100 including the same will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.
  • FIG. 1 A power supply circuit 1 according to Embodiment 1 and a power generation system 100 including the same will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.
  • FIG. 1 A power supply circuit 1 according to Embodiment 1 and a power generation system 100 including the same will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.
  • the switch SW1 includes the first semiconductor switch 7, as shown in FIG.
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 electrically connects the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 after the first power storage unit 21 is charged.
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 electrically connects the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 after the first power storage unit 21 is charged.
  • “after first power storage unit 21 is charged” is preferably after first power storage unit 21 is completely charged.
  • “after first power storage unit 21 is charged” is not limited to being after first power storage unit 21 is completely charged, and may be after charging of first power storage unit 21 is started. .
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 electrically connects the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3, the power generated by the second power generation unit 12 and stored in the second power storage unit 22 is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3.
  • the power generation unit 10 includes a first power generation unit 11 and a second power generation unit 12 as two types of power generation units.
  • the power generation unit 10 of the present embodiment performs environmental power generation by extracting, as electric energy, changes in potential energy associated with movement of the movable unit 4 held in the housing 53 in a reciprocating state.
  • the movable part 4 performs reciprocating motion according to the operation of the control lever 51 by the user, and the power generation part 10 of the present embodiment is configured to generate power in each of the outward motion and the homeward motion of the movable part 4 .
  • the movable part 4 is movable between a first position (upper limit position) and a second position (lower limit position) along one direction.
  • the movable portion 4 is positioned at the first position when the operating lever 51 is not operated, and moves from the first position to the second position when the operating lever 51 is pushed by the user, for example.
  • the direction in which the movable part 4 can move (vertical direction in FIGS. 3 and 4) is also referred to as the "vertical direction”, and upward and downward directions in FIGS. 3 and 4 are also referred to as “up” and “down”, respectively.
  • 3 and 4 are also referred to as "left and right directions", and the left and right directions in FIGS. 3 and 4 are also referred to as "left” and "right”, respectively.
  • the movement of the movable portion 4 from the upper limit position to the lower limit position is called forward movement
  • the movement of the movable part 4 from the lower limit position to the upper limit position is also called return movement.
  • the housing 53 accommodates the first power generation section 11 , the second power generation section 12 , the movable section 4 , the support 45 , a portion (lower portion) of the operation lever 51 , and the return spring 52 .
  • the first power generation section 11 is a power generation section that generates power using, for example, a piezoelectric body
  • the second power generation section 12 is a power generation section that generates power by electromagnetic induction using, for example, a coil 120 .
  • the power generation unit 10 of the present embodiment includes two first power generation units 11 that generate power using piezoelectric bodies, respectively. They are denoted as 11A and 11B.
  • the first power generation section 11 (11A, 11B) and the second power generation section 12 will be described later.
  • the operating lever 51 is movable in the vertical direction.
  • the upper portion of the operating lever 51 is exposed outside the housing 53 and can be operated by the user.
  • the operating lever 51 receives a downward external force (for example, a force that a user pushes downward) and moves downward.
  • the movable part 4 includes a permanent magnet 41 , a first magnetic body 42 provided on the upper left side of the permanent magnet 41 , and a second magnetic body 43 provided on the lower left side of the permanent magnet 41 .
  • the permanent magnet 41 has an N pole on the upper side and an S pole on the lower side.
  • the movable portion 4 faces the operating lever 51 in the vertical direction. When the operating lever 51 moves downward, the movable portion 4 is pushed by the operating lever 51 and moves downward.
  • the return spring 52 is arranged between the lower surface of the movable part 4 and the inner bottom surface (upper surface) of the housing 53 .
  • the return spring 52 is bent due to the downward movement of the movable portion 4 .
  • the return spring 52 moves the movable portion 4 and the operating lever 51 upward by elastic force.
  • the support 45 is made of a magnetic material.
  • the support 45 is fixed to the left inner surface of the housing 53 .
  • the support 45 supports the two first power generation units 11A and 11B and the second power generation unit 12 .
  • One first power generation section 11A includes a vibrating body 46 and a power generation element 110 .
  • the vibrating body 46 is made of a magnetic material such as stainless steel and formed into a rectangular plate shape elongated in the left-right direction.
  • a first end 461 (left end) of the vibrating body 46 is supported by the supporting body 45 .
  • the vibrating body 46 can vibrate vertically with the first end 461 as a fixed end and the second end 462 (right end) as a free end.
  • a weight 463 is provided on the upper surface of the second end 462 of the vibrating body 46 .
  • the lower surface of the second end 462 of the vibrating body 46 faces the upper surface of the movable portion 4 .
  • the second end 462 of the vibrating body 46 is attracted to (here, in contact with) the movable part 4 by magnetic force.
  • the second end 462 is pulled by the movable portion 4, thereby bending the vibrating body 46 downward.
  • the lower surface of the vibrating body 46 comes into contact with the first stopper 54 provided in the housing 53 , further bending of the vibrating body 46 is restricted, and the movable part 4 separates from the vibrating body 46 .
  • the vibrating body 46 is released from the movable part 4, it vibrates according to the bending. That is, the vibrating body 46 starts vibrating in response to the downward movement of the movable portion 4, that is, the depression of the operating lever 51. As shown in FIG.
  • the power generation element 110 is supported by the vibrating body 46 .
  • the power generation element 110 converts the vibrational energy of the vibrating body 46 into electrical energy and outputs it as a current.
  • the current output from the power generation element 110 is alternating current.
  • the power generation element 110 includes two piezoelectric bodies 111 .
  • Each piezoelectric body 111 is provided with a first electrode and a second electrode that are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric body 111, respectively, and sandwich the piezoelectric body 111 in the vertical direction.
  • the first electrode is arranged on the surface of the piezoelectric body 111 facing the vibrating body 46 .
  • the second electrode is arranged on the surface of the piezoelectric body 111 opposite to the surface facing the vibrating body 46 .
  • the first electrode of each piezoelectric body 111 is in contact with the vibrating body 46 .
  • the first electrodes of the two piezoelectric bodies 111 are electrically connected, for example, via wiring.
  • the two piezoelectric bodies 111 deform according to the vibration of the vibrating body 46 and generate voltage by the piezoelectric effect.
  • the power generating element 110 includes two piezoelectric bodies 111 that convert the force applied to the power generating element 110 into voltage in response to the vibration of the vibrating body 46 . Since the vibrating body 46 starts vibrating when the movable part 4 moves downward from the first position, the power generation element 110 starts generating power at the timing when the movable part 4 moves downward from the first position. Power generation continues while the vibration of 46 continues.
  • the other first power generation section 11B includes a vibrating body 47 and a power generation element 112 in the same manner as the first power generation section 11A.
  • the vibrating body 47 is made of a magnetic material such as stainless steel, and is shaped like a rectangular plate elongated in the left-right direction.
  • a first end 471 (left end) of the vibrating body 47 is supported by the supporting body 45 .
  • the vibrating body 47 can vibrate vertically with the first end 471 as a fixed end and the second end 472 (right end) as a free end.
  • a weight 473 is provided on the lower surface of the second end 472 of the vibrating body 47 .
  • the upper surface of the second end 472 of the vibrating body 47 faces the lower surface of the movable portion 4 .
  • the second end 472 of the vibrating body 47 is attracted to (here, in contact with) the movable part 4 by magnetic force.
  • the second end 472 is pulled by the movable portion 4, thereby bending the vibrating body 47 upward.
  • the upper surface of the vibrating body 47 comes into contact with the second stopper 55 provided in the housing 53 , further bending of the vibrating body 47 is restricted, and the movable part 4 separates from the vibrating body 47 .
  • the vibrating body 47 is released from the movable part 4, it vibrates according to the bending. In other words, the vibrating body 47 starts vibrating in response to the upward movement of the movable portion 4 , that is, the release of the operating lever 51 .
  • the power generation element 112 is supported by the vibrating body 47 .
  • the power generation element 112 converts the vibrational energy of the vibrating body 47 into electrical energy and outputs it as a current.
  • the current output from the power generation element 112 is alternating current.
  • power generating element 112 includes two piezoelectric bodies 113 that convert the applied force into voltage in response to vibration of vibrating body 47 . Since the vibrating body 47 starts vibrating when the movable part 4 moves upward from the second position, the power generation element 112 starts generating power at the timing when the movable part 4 moves upward from the second position. Power generation continues while the vibration of 47 continues.
  • the second power generation section 12 has a core 48 and a coil 120 .
  • the core 48 has a first end 481 (left end) supported by the support 45 .
  • the core 48 is provided on the support 45 so that the core 48 is positioned between the two vibrating bodies 46 and 47 .
  • the second end 482 (right end) of the core 48 is in contact with the second magnetic body 43 of the movable portion 4, and the movable portion 4 is permanently fixed.
  • the lower part (S A magnetic path (first magnetic path) returning to the pole surface) is formed.
  • the second end 482 (right end) of the core 48 faces (contacts) the first magnetic body 42 of the movable portion 4, and the movable portion 4 is permanently fixed. From the upper part (N pole surface) of the left surface of the magnet 41 to the lower part (S A magnetic path (second magnetic path) returning to the pole surface) is formed.
  • the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 is rightward when the movable part 4 is in the first position, and leftward when the movable part 4 is in the second position. In short, the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 is opposite to each other when the movable portion 4 is at the first position and when it is at the second position. Therefore, the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 changes depending on whether the movable portion 4 moves downward from the first position and when the movable portion 4 moves upward from the second position. .
  • the coil 120 is wound around the core 48 and generates current according to changes in magnetic flux passing through the core 48 .
  • the movable portion 4 When the operating lever 51 is not operated, the movable portion 4 is positioned at the first position (upper limit position) by the elastic force of the return spring 52 (see FIG. 3).
  • the movable portion 4 When the operating lever 51 is pushed downward by an external force (for example, a user's force pushing the operating lever 51), the movable portion 4 is also moved downward by being pushed by the operating lever 51. When the movable portion 4 moves downward, the second end 462 side of the vibrating body 46 is bent downward by being pulled by the movable portion 4 . When the movable portion 4 moves further downward, the lower surface of the second end 462 of the vibrating body 46 contacts the first stopper 54 , thereby restricting further bending of the vibrating body 46 . Leave. This causes the vibrating body 46 to start vibrating. The piezoelectric body 111 is repeatedly deformed according to the vibration of the vibrating body 46, so that the first power generating section 11A generates an alternating voltage.
  • the magnetic resistance of the first magnetic path increases.
  • the magnetic resistance of the first magnetic path increases as the movable part 4 moves downward.
  • the coil 120 generates current according to changes in the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 by electromagnetic induction.
  • the first power generating portion 11A starts generating power.
  • the second power generation portion 12 starts generating power.
  • the second magnetic body 43 is separated from the core 48 when the movable portion 4 moves downward from the first position by a predetermined distance.
  • the second power generation unit 12 starts generating power.
  • the vibrating body 46 continues vibrating even after the movable portion 4 reaches the second position (after the change in the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 ends). Therefore, the power generation period during which the first power generation unit 11A performs energy harvesting is longer than the power generation period during which the second power generation unit 12 performs energy harvesting. In other words, the power generation period of the second power generation section 12 is shorter than the power generation period of the first power generation section 11A.
  • the magnetic resistance of the second magnetic path increases.
  • the magnetic resistance of the second magnetic path increases as the movable portion 4 moves upward.
  • the coil 120 uses electromagnetic induction to generate current according to changes in the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 .
  • the direction in which the current flows in the coil 120 while the movable portion 4 moves upward is opposite to the direction in which the current flows in the coil 120 while the movable portion 4 moves downward.
  • the first power generating portion 11B starts generating power.
  • the second power generation part 12 when the first magnetic body 42 of the movable part 4 moves away from the core 48 according to the upward movement of the movable part 4 and the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 changes, the second power generation part 12 generates power.
  • the first magnetic body 42 is separated from the core 48 when the movable portion 4 moves upward from the second position by a predetermined distance.
  • the second power generation unit 12 starts generating power. Note that the vibrating body 47 continues vibrating even after the movable portion 4 reaches the first position (after the change in the magnetic flux passing through the core 48 ends). Therefore, the power generation period during which the first power generation unit 11B performs energy harvesting is longer than the power generation period during which the second power generation unit 12 performs energy harvesting.
  • the power generation system 100 of the present embodiment includes the first power generation section 11 and the second power generation section 12 of different types as the power generation section 10 that performs energy generation according to the movement of the movable section 4.
  • the second power generation section 12 that generates power by electromagnetic induction using the coil 120 generates power in each of the outward movement and the homeward movement of the movable section 4 .
  • the first power generation section 11 includes a first power generation section 11A that generates power when the movable section 4 moves forward and a first power generation section 11B that generates power when the movable section 4 moves back.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment includes the first power storage unit 21 that charges the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 and the second power storage unit 22 that charges the power generated by the second power generation unit 12. , a voltage converter 3 , and a first semiconductor switch 7 .
  • the power generation system 100 of the present embodiment includes two of the same type of first power generation units 11 (first power generation units 11A and 11B), and the power generated by the two first power generation units 11A and 11B is 1 storage unit 21 stores.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment includes a first rectifier circuit 81, a second rectifier circuit 82, It has
  • the input terminals of the first rectifier circuit 81 are connected to both ends of the power generation elements 110 and 112 provided in the first power generation section 11 . That is, the pair of input terminals of the first rectifier circuit 81 are connected to the second electrodes of the two piezoelectric bodies 111 of the power generation element 110, respectively. Similarly, the pair of input terminals of the first rectifier circuit 81 are connected to the second electrodes of the two piezoelectric bodies 111 of the power generation element 112 . As a result, the alternating current generated by the first power generation section 11 is input to the first rectifier circuit 81 .
  • the first rectifier circuit 81 is composed of, for example, a diode bridge circuit, and full-wave rectifies the alternating current input from the first power generation unit 11 (first power generation units 11A and 11B) and outputs the rectified current to the first power storage unit 21 .
  • the first power storage unit 21 is, for example, a capacitor such as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to a value smaller than the capacity value with which the first power generation unit 11 can be fully charged with the amount of power generated per unit time. That is, the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to a value smaller than the amount of power generated per unit time of the first power generation unit 11, in other words, in one outward movement or one return movement of the movable part 4. there is Therefore, even when the current generated by the first power generation unit 11 is small, a large voltage can be generated in the first power storage unit 21 and the output of the first power generation unit 11 can be easily extracted.
  • a pair of input terminals of the second rectifier circuit 82 are connected to both ends of the coil 120 included in the second power generation section 12 , and the alternating current generated by the second power generation section 12 is input to the second rectifier circuit 82 .
  • the second rectifier circuit 82 is composed of, for example, a diode bridge circuit, and full-wave rectifies the alternating current input from the second power generation unit 12 and outputs the rectified current to the second power storage unit 22 .
  • the second power storage unit 22 is, for example, a capacitor such as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacity value of the second power storage unit 22 is set to a capacity value that can fully charge the output (power generation amount) of the second power generation unit 12 per unit time. That is, the capacity value of the second power storage section 22 is set to a capacity value that can charge the entire power generation amount of the second power generation section 12 in one forward movement or one return movement of the movable section 4 .
  • the above unit time is the time during which the first power generation section 11, which has a longer power generation period than the second power generation section 12, performs environmental power generation according to the forward movement or return movement of the movable section 4. Therefore, the power generation amount of the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12 per unit time is It can also be said that the amount of power generated by
  • a first semiconductor switch 7 is provided between the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 includes a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). Note that the first semiconductor switch 7 may include an integrated circuit of a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET.
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 includes a DC/DC converter such as a step-down chopper, a step-up chopper, or a step-up/step-down chopper. Voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltage input from first power storage unit 21 or second power storage unit 22 into a DC voltage having an appropriate voltage value, and outputs the DC voltage to load L1.
  • a DC/DC converter such as a step-down chopper, a step-up chopper, or a step-up/step-down chopper.
  • the power generation period of the second power generation section 12 that generates power by electromagnetic induction using the coil 120 is the period during which the movable section 4 moves, whereas the first power generation section that generates power using the piezoelectric bodies 111 and 113
  • the power generation period 11 is a period during which the vibrating bodies 46 and 47 that vibrate according to the movement of the movable portion 4 continue to vibrate.
  • the amount of power generated per unit time by the second power generation section 12 is greater than the amount of power generated per unit time by the first power generation section 11 .
  • the second power generation section 12 starts power generation after the first power generation section 11 starts power generation.
  • the power generation period of the first power generation section 11 is longer than the power generation period of the second power generation section 12, but the power generation amount per unit time of the first power generation section 11 is the unit of the second power generation section 12. It is smaller than the amount of power generated per hour.
  • the capacity values of the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 are set according to the outputs of the corresponding first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12, and the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to a value smaller than the capacitance value of second power storage unit 22 .
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to be smaller than the capacity value that can charge all the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 so that the output of the first power generation unit 11 can be efficiently extracted. is set to As a result, even when the output of the first power generation unit 11 is lower than the output of the second power generation unit 12 , the first power storage unit 21 is fully charged by the output of the first power generation unit 11 . Since a sufficiently large voltage is generated at , it becomes easy to take out the output of the first power generation section 11 .
  • the capacity value of the second power storage unit 22 is set to a value that can charge the entire power generation amount per unit time of the second power generation unit 12, and is set to a larger value than the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21. It is As a result, even when the amount of power generated by the second power generation unit 12 per unit time is greater than the amount of power generated by the first power generation unit 11 per unit time, the second power storage unit 22 can store power generated by the second power generation unit 12 per unit time. can be fully charged. Second power storage unit 22 is connected to voltage conversion unit 3 via first semiconductor switch 7, and first semiconductor switch 7 is connected to second power storage unit 22 after first power storage unit 21 is charged. It conducts with the voltage converter 3 .
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 is turned on, so that the voltage conversion unit 3 performs voltage conversion using the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 as power sources. Action can be performed.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a specific example of the first semiconductor switch 7 and a circuit for driving the first semiconductor switch 7. As shown in FIG.
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 is composed of a series circuit of two MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 whose sources are connected to each other and whose gates are connected to each other.
  • the drain of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the high voltage side terminal of the second power storage unit 22 .
  • the drain of the MOSFET Q2 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage conversion section 3 and the low-voltage side terminal of the first storage section 21 .
  • Control terminals (gates) of the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 are connected to the control circuit 91 .
  • the two MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 may be implemented as an integrated circuit. That is, the first semiconductor switch 7 may include an integrated circuit of semiconductor switches such as MOSFETs.
  • the control circuit 91 obtains the operating voltage from the first power storage unit 21 and starts operating.
  • the control circuit 91 controls ON/OFF of the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, for example, based on the result of comparison between the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 and the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 .
  • the control circuit 91 may obtain the operating voltage from the second power storage unit 22 or may obtain the operating voltage from both the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 .
  • the control circuit 91 is supplied with voltage from at least one of the first power generation section 11 and the second power generation section 12 to operate, and controls the on/off of the first semiconductor switch 7 .
  • the control circuit 91 turns off the first semiconductor switch 7 during the power generation period when the first power generation unit 11 is generating power, and while the first power storage unit 21 is being charged with the output of the first power generation unit 11, turns off the first semiconductor switch 7 .
  • the control circuit 91 turns on the first semiconductor switch 7 after the power generation of the first power generation unit 11 is finished and after the charging of the first power storage unit 21 by the output of the first power generation unit 11 is completed.
  • the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 are electrically connected. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress charging of the first power storage unit 21 by the output of the second power generation unit 12 .
  • the output of the second power generation unit 12 is not input to the first power storage unit 21, so the power generation period of the second power generation unit 12 is the same as that of the first power generation unit 11.
  • the order of power generation by the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12 can be changed as appropriate.
  • control circuit 91 ensures that the charging voltage of the first power storage unit 21 is equal to or higher than the operating voltage of the voltage conversion unit 3, and that the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 is higher than the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22.
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 is turned on to electrically connect the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the control circuit 91 turns off both the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2.
  • the input voltage from the unit 21 is converted into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value and supplied to the load L1.
  • the control circuit 91 turns on both the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, and the voltage conversion unit 3 turns on the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 is converted into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value and supplied to the load L1.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the voltage waveforms of the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 and the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 and the ON/OFF states of the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 when the operation lever 51 is pushed. is an example.
  • the first power generation unit 11 starts generating power
  • the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 charges the first power storage unit 21, and the charged voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 rises to To increase.
  • second power generation unit 12 starts generating power at time t2
  • second power storage unit 22 is charged with power generated by second power generation unit 12, and charging voltage V2 of second power storage unit 22 increases.
  • the control circuit 91 obtains an operating voltage from the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21, for example, and controls the on/off of the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2. During the period in which the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 is equal to or higher than the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 (from time t1 to time t3), the control circuit 91 controls the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 to be off, and voltage conversion is performed. Unit 3 converts the input voltage from first power storage unit 21 into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value, and supplies the DC voltage to load L1.
  • the control circuit 91 turns on the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2, and the voltage conversion unit 3
  • the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 is converted into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value and supplied to the load L1.
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to a value smaller than the power generation amount of the first power generation unit 11 per unit time, so the power generation amount of the first power generation unit 11 per unit time is Even if the amount is smaller than that of the second power generation unit 12 , the charging voltage of the first power storage unit 21 can be increased, making it easier to take out the output of the first power generation unit 11 .
  • the capacity value of the second power storage unit 22 is a capacity value that can charge the entire amount of power generated per unit time of the second power generation unit 12, and the first semiconductor switch 7 (MOSFETs Q1, Q2) is the second power generation unit It turns on after 12 power generation is over.
  • the power generated by the second power generation unit 12 which is completely stored in the second power storage unit 22, is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3, so that the second power generation unit 12 can be utilized at the optimum timing, and the extraction efficiency of the generated power from the second power generation section 12 can be enhanced.
  • the first semiconductor switch 7 electrically connects the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 after the first power storage unit 21 completes charging. It is possible to suppress charging of the first power storage unit 21 by the generated power. Further, if the first semiconductor switch 7 is non-conducting, the first power storage unit 21 is not charged by the power generated by the second power generation unit 12, so the power generation period of the second power generation unit 12 is equal to the power generation period of the first power generation unit 11. , and the order in which the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12 generate power can be changed as appropriate.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power generation system 100 including the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1. As shown in FIG.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1 differs from the above embodiment in that it includes a delay circuit 92 instead of the control circuit 91 . Since the configuration other than the delay circuit 92 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the delay circuit 92 is electrically connected to at least one of the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 .
  • Delay circuit 92 delays the power output of at least one of first power storage unit 21 and second power storage unit 22 and outputs the power output to the control terminal of first semiconductor switch 7 to turn on first semiconductor switch 7 .
  • Delay time (timing). In other words, the delay circuit 92 turns on the first semiconductor switch 7 when a predetermined delay time has passed since at least one of the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 generated power.
  • the delay circuit 92 delays the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 generated in response to the energy harvesting by the second power generation unit 12 to the control terminals of the first semiconductor switch 7, that is, the MOSFETs Q1 and Q1. Output to the control terminal (gate) of Q2.
  • the MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 are turned on at the timing when the delay time by the delay circuit 92 has elapsed after the second power generation unit 12 starts power generation, and the voltage conversion unit 3 operates the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 is converted into a voltage and supplied to the load L1.
  • the delay time from when the input voltage is input to the delay circuit 92 to when the output voltage corresponding to the input voltage is output is set to approximately the same time as the elapsed time until the end of Therefore, the charging voltage of the second power storage unit 22 is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3 at the timing when the power generation of the first power generation unit 11 ends.
  • the delay time of the delay circuit 92 is preferably set to a time longer than the power generation period of the second power generation section 12, and the first semiconductor switch 7 is turned on after the power generation of the second power generation section 12 is completed. can do.
  • the delay circuit 92 sets the timing for switching the first semiconductor switch 7 on or off. In comparison, the configuration of the drive circuit for the first semiconductor switch 7 can be simplified.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power generation system 100 including the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 2. As shown in FIG.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 2 differs from the above-described embodiment in that it includes a third power generation unit 13, a third power storage unit 23, and a third rectifier circuit 83. Further, the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 2 differs from the above embodiment in that it includes a second semiconductor switch 7B in addition to the first semiconductor switch 7A.
  • the third power generation section 13 uses a coil to generate power through electromagnetic induction.
  • the third power generation unit 13 is a power generation unit that has a power generation method common to that of the second power generation unit 12 but differs from the second power generation unit 12 in the power generation amount.
  • the third power storage unit 23 is electrically connected to the second semiconductor switch 7B, and electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 3 via the second semiconductor switch 7B.
  • the third power storage unit 23 is provided corresponding to the third power generation unit 13 and charges power generated by the third power generation unit 13 .
  • the third power storage unit 23 is, for example, a capacitor such as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacity value of the third power storage unit 23 is set to a capacity value that can fully charge the power output (power generation amount) of the third power generation unit 13 per unit time. In other words, the capacity value of the third power storage unit 23 is set to a capacity value that can charge the entire power generation amount of the third power generation unit 13 in one forward movement or one return movement of the movable part 4 .
  • the third rectifier circuit 83 full-wave rectifies the power output of the third power generation unit 13 and outputs it to the third power storage unit 23 . That is, the third power storage unit 23 is charged by the output of the third power generation unit 13 .
  • the second semiconductor switch 7B is connected between the third power storage unit 23 and the voltage conversion unit 3. Second semiconductor switch 7B conducts third power storage unit 23 and voltage conversion unit 3 after first power storage unit 21 is charged.
  • the second semiconductor switch 7B includes a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET, for example.
  • a control circuit 91 controls on/off of the second semiconductor switch 7B.
  • Control circuit 91 compares the charging voltage V1 of first power storage unit 21 and the charging voltage V2 of second power storage unit 22, and individually turns on/off first semiconductor switch 7A based on the comparison result. Control. In addition, control circuit 91 compares the charging voltage V1 of first power storage unit 21 and the charging voltage V3 of third power storage unit 23, and turns on/off second semiconductor switch 7B based on the comparison result. Individually controlled.
  • the control circuit 91 turns off the first semiconductor switch 7A and the second semiconductor switch 7B, and the voltage Conversion unit 3 converts the input voltage from first power storage unit 21 and supplies the converted voltage to load L1.
  • the control circuit 91 turns on the first semiconductor switch 7A, and the voltage conversion unit 3 changes the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22. is converted into voltage and supplied to the load L1.
  • the control circuit 91 turns on the second semiconductor switch 7B, and the voltage conversion unit 3 changes the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 and the third power storage unit 23. is converted into voltage and supplied to the load L1. Further, when the charging voltage V1 becomes lower than both the charging voltages V2 and V3, the control circuit 91 turns on the first semiconductor switch 7A and the second semiconductor switch 7B, and the voltage conversion unit 3 turns on the first power storage unit 21 , the second power storage unit 22, and the third power storage unit 23 are converted into voltages and supplied to the load L1.
  • control circuit 91 preferably turns on second semiconductor switch 7B to electrically connect third power storage unit 23 and voltage conversion unit 3. It is possible to suppress charging of the first power storage unit 21 by the output of the power generation unit 13 . Further, when the second semiconductor switch 7B is off, the output of the third power generation unit 13 is not input to the first power storage unit 21, so the power generation period of the third power generation unit 13 is the same as that of the first power generation unit 11. It does not have to be after the power generation period, and the order of power generation by the first power generation unit 11 and the third power generation unit 13 can be changed as appropriate.
  • control circuit 91 controls that charging voltage V1 of first power storage unit 21 is equal to or higher than the operating voltage of voltage conversion unit 3, and charging voltage V1 of first power storage unit 21 is lower than charging voltage V3 of third power storage unit 23.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 2 is a power supply circuit to which electric power is further supplied from the third power generation section 13, and further includes the second semiconductor switch 7B, the voltage conversion section 3, and the third power storage section 23. Prepare.
  • the second semiconductor switch 7B is electrically connected to the voltage conversion section 3.
  • Third power storage unit 23 is electrically connected to second semiconductor switch 7B, and is electrically connected to voltage conversion unit 3 via second semiconductor switch 7B.
  • the third power storage unit 23 charges the electric power generated by the third power generation unit 13 .
  • Second semiconductor switch 7B conducts third power storage unit 23 and voltage conversion unit 3 after first power storage unit 21 is charged. Since the third power storage unit 23 is provided corresponding to the third power generation unit 13, the capacity value of the third power storage unit 23 can be set to the capacity value according to the power generation amount of the corresponding third power generation unit 13. Thus, power can be efficiently extracted from the power generation unit 10 .
  • Second semiconductor switch 7B connects third power storage unit 23 and voltage conversion unit 3 after first power storage unit 21 is charged. , it is possible to use the power generated by the third power generation unit 13 . Therefore, electric power can be efficiently extracted from the first to third power generation units 11 to 13 .
  • the second power storage unit 22 and the third power storage unit 23, which respectively store the power generated by the second power generation unit 12 and the third power generation unit 13 whose power generation period is shorter than that of the first power generation unit 11, are separated from the first semiconductor switch 7A and It is connected to the voltage converter 3 via the second semiconductor switch 7B. Therefore, the timing of supplying the charging voltages of the second power storage unit 22 and the third power storage unit 23 to the voltage conversion unit 3 can be set by the individual first semiconductor switch 7A and the second semiconductor switch 7B. When the power generation period ends, the first semiconductor switch 7A and the second semiconductor switch 7B are turned on to apply voltage from the second power storage unit 22 and the third power storage unit 23 to the voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the number of power generation units 10 of different types is two or three, but the number of power generation units 10 of different types may be two or more, and two or more power storage units 2 corresponding to two or more power generation units 10 may be provided.
  • the power supply circuit 1 only needs to include two or more power storage units 2 that are charged with power generated by two or more types of power generation units 10, and the two or more power storage units 2 other than the first power storage unit 21 is connected to the voltage converter 3 via switches (first semiconductor switch 7A, second semiconductor switch 7B, etc.).
  • Embodiment 2 (Embodiment 2) (3.1) Outline
  • the power supply circuit 1 of Embodiment 2 and the power generation system 100 including the same will be described with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment is the power supply circuit 1 to which power is supplied from the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12.
  • the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit A section 22 , a voltage conversion section 3 , and a first diode 9 are provided.
  • the switch SW1 includes the first diode 9 in the second embodiment.
  • the switch SW1 is realized by the first diode 9.
  • the first power storage unit 21 is charged with power generated by the first power generation unit 11 .
  • the second power storage unit 22 is charged with power generated by the second power generation unit 12 .
  • the first diode 9 is electrically connected to the second power storage unit 22 at its anode. That is, the second power storage unit 22 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode 9 .
  • the voltage converter 3 is electrically connected to the first power storage unit 21 and electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode 9 . That is, voltage conversion unit 3 is electrically connected to first power storage unit 21 and the cathode of first diode 9 .
  • the power generation system 100 of the present embodiment includes the first power generation unit 11, the second power generation unit 12 that starts power generation after the first power generation unit 11 generates power, and the first power generation unit 11 and the second power generation unit 12. and the power supply circuit 1 electrically connected thereto.
  • the second power storage unit 22 is connected to the voltage conversion unit 3 via the first diode 9.
  • the first diode 9 When conductive, the charge stored in the second power storage unit 22 is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3 . Therefore, the first diode 9 becomes conductive at the timing when the charging voltage of the first power storage unit 21 drops as the power generation output of the first power generation unit 11 drops, and the power stored in the second power storage unit 22 is transferred to the voltage converter. 3, the power generated by the second power generation section 12 can be used efficiently. Therefore, according to the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment, power can be efficiently extracted from at least two types of power generation units 10 .
  • the power generation unit 10 has a configuration common to that of the power generation unit 10 described in the first embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment includes the first power storage unit 21 that charges the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 and the second power storage unit 22 that charges the power generated by the second power generation unit 12. , a voltage conversion unit 3 , and a first diode 9 .
  • the power generation system 100 of the present embodiment includes two of the same type of first power generation units 11 (first power generation units 11A and 11B), and the power generated by the two first power generation units 11A and 11B is 1 power storage unit 21 is charged.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of the present embodiment includes a first rectifier circuit 81 and a second rectifier circuit 82 in addition to the first power storage unit 21, the second power storage unit 22, the voltage conversion unit 3, and the first diode 9. I have it. Note that the configurations of the first power storage unit 21, the second power storage unit 22, the voltage conversion unit 3, the first rectifier circuit 81, and the second rectifier circuit 82 are the same as those of the first embodiment, so the common configuration will not be described. omitted.
  • a first diode 9 is connected between the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the anode of the first diode 9 is connected to the high-voltage side terminal of the second power storage unit 22
  • the cathode of the first diode 9 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage conversion unit 3 . That is, the first diode 9 is connected in the direction in which the current flows from the second power storage unit 22 to the voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the first power storage unit 21 Diode 9 is turned on, and current flows from second power storage unit 22 to voltage conversion unit 3 .
  • the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 is equal to or higher than the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22, the first diode 9 is turned off, and the voltage between the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 is reduced. is electrically cut off.
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 receives power supply from the first power storage unit 21.
  • the second power storage unit 22 supplies power to the voltage conversion unit 3.
  • the electric power stored in the second power storage unit 22 is transferred to the voltage conversion unit. 3. That is, the power stored in the second power storage unit 22 is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3 at the timing when the power output of the first power generation unit 11 decreases and the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 accordingly decreases. , the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 as power sources, the voltage conversion unit 3 can perform the voltage conversion operation.
  • FIG. 10 shows the voltage waveforms of the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 and the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 and the ON/OFF state of the first diode 9 when the operation lever 51 is pushed. It is an example of a graph.
  • the first power generation unit 11 starts generating power, the power generated by the first power generation unit 11 is charged into the first power storage unit 21, and the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21 is reached. increases.
  • the charging voltage V1 is higher than the charging voltage V2 at time t11, the first diode 9 is non-conducting (OFF), and the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 to a predetermined voltage value. is converted into a DC voltage and supplied to the load L1.
  • the second power storage unit 22 is charged with the power generated by the second power generation unit 12, and the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 increases. Since the charging voltage V1 is higher than the charging voltage V2 during the period from time t11 to time t12, the first diode 9 is non-conducting (OFF), and the voltage conversion unit 3 receives the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21. is converted into a DC voltage of a predetermined voltage value and supplied to the load L1.
  • the charging voltage V1 gradually decreases, and the first diode 9 turns on at time t13.
  • the charging voltage V2 of the second power storage unit 22 is lower than the charging voltage V1 of the first power storage unit 21.
  • the charging voltage V2 is lower than the charging voltage V1 during the period from time t11 to time t13.
  • the first diode 9 is off, and the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 into a DC voltage of a predetermined voltage value and supplies it to the load L1. supply.
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltage from the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value. and supply it to the load L1.
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit 21 is set to a value smaller than the power generation amount of the first power generation unit 11 per unit time, so the power generation amount of the first power generation unit 11 per unit time is Even if the amount is smaller than that of the second power generation unit 12 , the charging voltage of the first power storage unit 21 can be increased, making it easier to take out the power output of the first power generation unit 11 .
  • the capacity value of the second power storage unit 22 is a capacity value that can charge the entire amount of power generated per unit time of the second power generation unit 12, and at the timing after the charging voltage V1 becomes lower than the charging voltage V2 The first diode 9 is turned on.
  • the power generated by the second power generation unit 12, the entire amount of which is stored in the second power storage unit 22, is supplied to the voltage conversion unit 3 after the power generation (environmental power generation) of the second power generation unit 12 is completed. Therefore, the power generation amount of the second power generation section 12 can be utilized at the optimum timing, and the extraction efficiency of the power generated by the second power generation section 12 can be improved.
  • the first diode 9 electrically connects or disconnects the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 , a semiconductor switch is connected between the second power storage unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 3 . There is also the advantage that there is no need to provide a control circuit for the semiconductor switch, unlike the case where the semiconductor switch is provided.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power generation system 100 including the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1. As shown in FIG.
  • the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1 differs from Embodiment 2 in that power is further supplied from the third power generation section 13, and further includes a third power storage section 23 and a second diode 9B. Moreover, the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1 further includes a third rectifier circuit 83 . Since configurations other than the third power storage unit 23, the third rectifier circuit 83, and the second diode 9B are common to the power supply circuit 1 of the second embodiment, common components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The explanation is omitted.
  • the third power generation section 13 uses a coil to generate power through electromagnetic induction.
  • the third power generation unit 13 is a power generation unit that has a power generation method common to that of the second power generation unit 12 but differs from the second power generation unit 12 in at least one of the power generation amount and the power generation period.
  • the third power storage unit 23 is provided corresponding to the third power generation unit 13 and charges the electric power generated by the third power generation unit 13 . That is, the power supply circuit 1 of Modification 1 further includes the third power storage unit 23 that charges the power generated by the third power generation unit 13 whose power generation period for energy harvesting is shorter than that of the first power generation unit 11 .
  • the third power storage unit 23 is, for example, a capacitor such as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacity value of the third power storage unit 23 is set to a capacity value that can fully charge the output (power generation amount) of the third power generation unit 13 per unit time. In other words, the capacity value of the third power storage unit 23 is set to a capacity value that can charge the entire power generation amount of the third power generation unit 13 in one forward movement or one return movement of the movable part 4 .
  • the third rectifier circuit 83 full-wave rectifies the output of the third power generation section 13 and outputs it to the third power storage section 23 . That is, the third power storage unit 23 is charged by the output of the third power generation unit 13 .
  • the second diode 9B is connected between the third power storage unit 23 and the voltage conversion unit 3.
  • the third power storage unit 23 is connected to the voltage conversion unit 3 via the second diode 9B.
  • the second diode 9B is electrically connected to the third power storage unit 23 at its anode and electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit 3 at its cathode. It is connected to the.
  • Second power storage unit 22 is connected to voltage conversion unit 3 via first diode 9A.
  • both the first diode 9A and the second diode 9B are turned off, and the voltage conversion section 3 1 voltage conversion is performed on the input voltage from the power storage unit 21 and the converted voltage is supplied to the load L1.
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltages from the first power storage unit 21 and the second power storage unit 22 to the load. supply to L1.
  • the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the input voltages from the first power storage unit 21 and the third power storage unit 23 to the load. supply to L1. Further, when the charging voltage V1 is lower than the charging voltage V2 and the charging voltage V1 is lower than the charging voltage V3, and the first diode 9A and the second diode 9B become conductive, the voltage conversion unit 3 converts the first power storage The input voltages from the unit 21, the second power storage unit 22, and the third power storage unit 23 are voltage-converted and supplied to the load L1.
  • the number of power generation units 10 of different types is two or three, but the number of power generation units 10 of different types is The number may be two or more, and two or more power storage units 2 corresponding to two or more power generation units 10 may be provided.
  • the power supply circuit 1 only needs to include two or more power storage units 2 that are charged with power generated by two or more types of power generation units 10, and the two or more power storage units 2 other than the first power storage unit 21 is connected to the voltage converter 3 via diodes (first diode 9A, second diode 9B, etc.).
  • the power supply circuit (1) of the first aspect is a power supply circuit (1) to which electric power is supplied from the first power generation section (11) and the second power generation section (12). It includes a first power storage unit (21), a second power storage unit (22), a switch (SW1), and a voltage conversion unit (3).
  • the first power storage unit (21) charges the electric power generated by the first power generation unit (11).
  • the second power storage unit (22) charges the electric power generated by the second power generation unit (12).
  • the switch (SW1) is electrically connected to the second power storage unit (22).
  • a voltage conversion unit (3) is electrically connected to a first power storage unit (21) and electrically connected to a second power storage unit (22) via a switch (SW1).
  • the capacity values of the first power storage unit (21) and the second power storage unit (22) can be set according to the power generation amounts of the corresponding first power generation unit (11) and the second power generation unit (12), respectively. Electric power can be efficiently extracted from (11) and the second power generation section (12).
  • the switch (SW1) includes a first semiconductor switch (7, 7A).
  • the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) electrically connects the second power storage unit (22) and the voltage conversion unit (3) after the first power storage unit (21) is charged.
  • the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) conducts the second power storage unit (22) and the voltage conversion unit (3) after the first power storage unit (21) is charged.
  • the power generated by the second power generation section (12) at the timing when the power generated by the first power generation section (11) decreases. Therefore, electric power can be efficiently extracted from at least two types of power generation units (the first power generation unit (11) and the second power generation unit (12)). Further, by using the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) for the switch (SW1), power loss in the switch (SW1) can be reduced.
  • the power supply circuit (1) of the third aspect further comprises a control circuit (91) in the second aspect.
  • a control circuit (91) controls on/off of the first semiconductor switches (7, 7A).
  • the control circuit (91) is supplied with power from at least one of the first power generation section (11) and the second power generation section (12).
  • the on/off timing of the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) can be changed by changing the control sequence of the control circuit (91).
  • the power supply circuit (1) of the fourth aspect further comprises a delay circuit (92) in the second aspect.
  • the delay circuit (92) is electrically connected to at least one of the first power generation section (11) and the second power generation section (12).
  • a delay circuit (92) delays the time to turn on the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A).
  • the circuit for controlling the on/off of the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) can be configured with a simple circuit.
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit (21) is equal to the power generation amount of the first power generation unit (11) per unit time. small in comparison.
  • the capacity value of the second power storage section (22) is a capacity value that can charge the entire amount of power generated per unit time of the second power generation section (12).
  • the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) is turned on after the second power generation section (12) finishes generating power.
  • the second power storage unit (22) can be charged with the entire amount of power generated by the second power generation unit (12). It can be supplied to part (3). Therefore, electric power can be efficiently extracted from the first power generation section (11) and the second power generation section (12).
  • the power supply circuit (1) of the sixth aspect is the power supply circuit (1) of any one of the second to fifth aspects, to which electric power is further supplied from the third power generation section (13).
  • the power supply circuit (1) further includes a second semiconductor switch (7B) and a third power storage unit (23).
  • the second semiconductor switch (7B) is electrically connected to the voltage converter (3).
  • the third power storage unit (23) is electrically connected to the second semiconductor switch (7B), is electrically connected to the voltage conversion unit (3) via the second semiconductor switch (7B), and is electrically connected to the third power generation unit. (13) is charged by the power generated.
  • a second semiconductor switch (7B) electrically connects a third power storage unit (23) and a voltage conversion unit (3) after the first power storage unit (21) is charged.
  • electric power can be efficiently extracted from the first to third power generation units (11, 12, 13).
  • the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) switches the second Conduction is established between the storage unit (22) and the voltage conversion unit (3).
  • the second semiconductor switch (7B) is connected to the third power storage unit (23) after charging of the first power storage unit (21) is completed. It conducts with the conversion part (3).
  • the first semiconductor switch (7, 7A) changes the charging voltage of the first storage unit (21) to the voltage conversion unit (3). ) and the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21) is lower than the charging voltage of the second power storage unit (22), the second power storage unit (22) and the voltage conversion unit (3) to conduct.
  • the power generated by the second power generation section (12) can be supplied to the voltage conversion section (3) at the timing when the charging voltage of the first power storage section (21) drops.
  • the second semiconductor switch (7B) is configured such that the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21) is equal to or higher than the operating voltage of the voltage conversion unit (3). , when the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21) is lower than the charging voltage of the third power storage unit (23), the third power storage unit (23) and the voltage conversion unit (3) are electrically connected.
  • the power generated by the third power generation section (13) can be supplied to the voltage conversion section (3) at the timing when the charging voltage of the first power storage section (21) drops.
  • the power generation system (100) of the eleventh aspect comprises the power supply circuit (1) of any one of the first to tenth aspects, a first power generation section (11) and a second power generation section (12).
  • electric power can be efficiently extracted from at least two types of power generation units (the first power generation unit (11) and the second power generation unit (12)).
  • the configurations according to the second to tenth aspects are not essential to the power supply circuit (1), and can be omitted as appropriate.
  • the switch (SW1) includes the first diode (9, 9A).
  • the second power storage unit (22) is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode (9, 9A).
  • the voltage converter (3) is electrically connected to the first power storage unit (21) and the cathode of the first diode (9, 9A).
  • the second power storage unit (22) is connected to the voltage conversion unit (3) via the first diode (9, 9A), and the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21) is the second
  • the first diode (9, 9A) becomes conductive as the voltage becomes lower than the charging voltage of the storage unit (22)
  • the charge stored in the second storage unit (22) is supplied to the voltage conversion unit (3).
  • the first diodes (9, 9A) become conductive at the timing when the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21) drops as the power generation output of the first power generation unit (11) drops, and the second power storage unit (22 ) is supplied to the voltage conversion section (3), the power generated by the second power generation section (12) can be efficiently used, and at least two types of power generation sections (the first power generation section (11) and Electric power can be efficiently extracted from the second power generation section (12).
  • the voltage conversion unit (3 ) receives power supply from the first power storage unit (21).
  • the second power storage unit (22) supplies power to the voltage conversion unit (3).
  • the first diode (9, 9A) becomes conductive and the second power storage unit ( 22) can be supplied to the voltage converter (3).
  • the power supply circuit (1) of the fourteenth aspect is, in the twelfth or thirteenth aspect, a power supply circuit (1) further supplied with electric power from the third power generation section (13).
  • a power supply circuit (1) is electrically connected to a third power storage unit (23) for charging power generated by a third power generation unit (13), and is electrically connected to the third power storage unit (23) at an anode, and converts voltage at a cathode. and a second diode (9B) electrically connected to the part (3).
  • electric power can be efficiently extracted from the first to third power generation units (11 to 13).
  • the capacity value of the first power storage unit (21) is equal to the power generation amount of the first power generation unit (11) per unit time. small in comparison.
  • the capacity value of the second power storage section (22) is a capacity value that can charge the entire amount of power generated per unit time of the second power generation section (12).
  • the second power generation section Since the second power storage unit (22) can be charged with the entire power generation amount of 12), the electric power stored in the second power storage unit (22) can be supplied to the voltage conversion unit (3) at a desired timing. Therefore, electric power can be efficiently extracted from the first power generation section (11) and the second power generation section (12).
  • the power generation system (100) of the sixteenth aspect comprises a first power generation section (11), a second power generation section (12) that starts power generation after the first power generation section (11) has generated power, and 12th to 15th power generation sections. and a power supply circuit (1) according to any one of the above.
  • a power supply circuit (1) is electrically connected to a first power generation section (11) and a second power generation section (12).
  • electric power can be efficiently extracted from at least two types of power generation units (the first power generation unit (11) and the second power generation unit (12)).
  • the charging voltage of the second power storage unit (22) is is lower than the charging voltage of the first power storage unit (21).
  • electric power can be supplied from the second power storage section (22) to the voltage conversion section (3) after the second power generation section (12) finishes generating power.
  • the configurations according to the 12th to 15th aspects are not essential to the power supply circuit (1), and can be omitted as appropriate.
  • the configuration according to the seventeenth aspect is not essential for the power generation system (100), and can be omitted as appropriate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
PCT/JP2021/044252 2021-01-25 2021-12-02 電源回路、及びそれを備える発電システム WO2022158134A1 (ja)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011145849A (ja) * 2010-01-14 2011-07-28 Sharp Corp 電気機器
JP2012178949A (ja) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-13 Toyota Industries Corp 充電装置
JP2019197546A (ja) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 ソーラーエッジ テクノロジーズ リミテッド 太陽光発電（ｐｖ）モジュールの信頼性および耐用年数を向上させるためのシステムおよび方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011145849A (ja) * 2010-01-14 2011-07-28 Sharp Corp 電気機器
JP2012178949A (ja) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-13 Toyota Industries Corp 充電装置
JP2019197546A (ja) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 ソーラーエッジ テクノロジーズ リミテッド 太陽光発電（ｐｖ）モジュールの信頼性および耐用年数を向上させるためのシステムおよび方法

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