WO2022148905A1

WO2022148905A1 - Element structure and wall

Info

Publication number: WO2022148905A1
Application number: PCT/FI2022/050004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jarmo PÖLÖNEN
Original assignee: Gymba Oy
Priority date: 2021-01-08
Filing date: 2022-01-03
Publication date: 2022-07-14
Also published as: FI20215017A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an element structure fabricated from wood board components for use in the frame structures of wood-framed detached houses and wood-framed multi-storied buildings. The element structure of the invention comprises substantially rectangular surface plates (6, 7) and plate-like connecting components (10, 11) fastened between the surface plates aligned in the normal direction of the surface of the surface plate, joining the surface plates together to form a housing structure of the element structure.

Description

Element structure and wall

This invention relates to an element structure as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and a wall as defined in claim 25 utilizing such an element structure. The uses of the element structures of the invention are in wood-framed detached houses and multi storied buildings as well as in various outbuildings, such as warehouses, garages, and production buildings.

The invention is characterized by what is defined in more detail in the characterizing part of independent claim 1. Structural solutions related to the implementation of the invention and details supplementary to the independent claims are defined in the dependent claims.

The general construction principle and construction method for the frame and wall structures of wood-framed buildings comprise vertical studs mounted onto a wooden horizontal lower joist mounted on top of the foundation as well as an upper joist or beam mounted to the top end of said studs at a given level as defined by the intended room height. The roof supports, roof trusses, are supported and mounted onto the upper joist. The function of the vertical studs in the outer walls of a building is primarily to carry the vertical loads generated by the ceiling and the roof of the building as well as to function as a mounting surface for the wind covering and surface materials of the wall structures. Heat insulation is typically installed in the space between the vertical studs.

In buildings with multiple floors, the vertical stud structure is typically repeated in an identical fashion for each floor. In buildings with multiple floors, the wall structures of the lowermost floors are subject to a large vertical load.

With the current construction method, requirements concerning the stability of the building frame require installing various types of diagonal struts, causing additional workload in building the frame. For detached houses, it is nowadays also common to apply a construction method in which the top part of the frame, i.e., the roof structures, comprising the upper joist and the roof trusses mounted thereon, are assembled at ground level, typically on top of the foundation. Once assembled, the whole top part of the frame is lifted using cranes and the vertical studs are installed under the raised top part of the frame. Then, the top part of the frame is lowered and installed so as to rest on the vertical studs. The above-described installation method involves risks related to ensuring the required stability and preventing serious occupational accidents during installation in case the stability of the frame fails due to the vertical frame being insufficiently supported.

Various mountings are often needed for fastening additional structures, furniture or scaffolding on the walls of buildings, either on the outer wall side or on the inner wall side. Particularly in the case of heavier loads, reliable fastening in the current construction method requires planning for separate mounts and fastening them to the vertical studs under the surface structures.

With the element structure of the invention described herein, above-described problems related to the current construction method can be eliminated and the work to be done at the construction site simplified. In addition, the element structure of the invention significantly improves the load-bearing capacity of the vertical frame, which is an important quality particularly in multi-storied wooden buildings and various kinds of production buildings. The element structure of the invention can be used in the external walls of a building as well as in the internal wall structures of a building. The element structure of the invention is also suitable for beam structures and for intermediate and base floor elements. Furthermore, the element structure of the invention has the advantage of being light, which is important from a logistical standpoint as well as in buildings located in earthquake-prone areas.

The use of wood materials in construction also has significant positive effects from an environmental and climate protection perspective.

The element structure of the present invention is preferably assembled from true-to- size hard building board components fabricated from wood raw material, such as softwood or hardwood plywood components or OSB components, fastened to one another by way of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations machined into at least one component of the element structure. Preferably, the component joints are further secured by gluing, by screw or nail joints or combinations thereof. OSB is a three-layered long-chipped chipboard with a fixed grain direction. Building boards made from wood raw material are hereinafter referred to as wood board. The joints and components may be machined using known methods for machining wood board, such as laser machining, waterjet cutting, milling, and sawing. The use of numerically controlled machine tools is the easiest way to achieve the required machining accuracy.

The element structure may also be embodied with a urethane filling, which significantly improves its flexural rigidity, especially in horizontal structures. In urethane-filled element structures, the filler itself binds the components of the element structure into a unified structure. The manufacture of urethane-filled element structures employs a known technique in which the injection of urethane into the element structure is performed in a clamping device preventing the expansible filler from causing defects in the shape and dimensions of the structure.

In one embodiment, the element structure may also be implemented as a multilayered housing-like structure, wherein the connecting components of the surface plates of the element structure are provided with machined recesses or perforations in the area between the surface plates, to which recesses or perforations a wood board or wood boards are fastened in the same direction as the surface plates to form a multilayered housing structure. The multilayered structure can be utilized to affect the insulation and load-bearing properties of the element structure.

The recesses and perforations machined into the components of the element structure can vary widely in shape and position within the limits of the machining method chosen. Typically, the element structure is dimensioned to suit a modular dimensional coordination system commonly used in construction, where, for example, a pitch of 600 mm is used in the installation of the vertical studs of the frame. For non-standard purposes, the dimensioning of the element structure can of course be carried out freely according to the dimensional requirements of the target build.

The element structures of the invention can also be assembled so as to form whole walls, i.e., so-called large panel structures. Large panel structures may also be used in the base and intermediate floors as well as roof joists.

The surface plates of the element structures of the invention may be treated and coated in various ways to meet the requirements of the intended use at the element structure manufacturing stage under factory conditions, or alternatively, wood boards with the desired coating may be used as the surface plates.

The element structure of the invention may be provided with insulating material as required by the intended purpose of use by placing the insulating material in the housing of the element structure during manufacture. Typical insulation needs comprise thermal insulation and noise insulation. The insulating material may be fixed to the housing of the element structure by techniques known per se, such as by gluing. In urethane-filled element structures, the insulator fills the housing structure of the element structure while joining the wood board components together into a unified structure.

Next, the invention and its various embodiments as well as its manufacture and installation into the frame of a building are illustrated by means of drawings, in which

Fig. 1 is a general principle drawing of a part of the vertical frame of a wall of a wooden building as a simplified structure.

Fig. 2 is an axonometric general principle view of the element structure according to the invention in a so-called exploded view in simplified form.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the element structure according to the invention intended as an embodiment for wall structures connected to a conventional wooden frame.

Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the vertical frame of an outer wall of a building with the element structures of the invention installed thereto.

Fig. 5 is a general principle drawing of a part of the vertical frame of a wall of a wooden building according to another embodiment as a simplified structure.

Fig. 6 shows section B-B from Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows section C-C from Fig. 5.

Fig. 8a, 8b, and 8c show preferred solutions for connecting the components of the element structure.

The general principle drawing of Fig. 1 shows a wall W according to one embodiment. The wall W comprises a vertical frame comprising a plurality of parallel element structures E fabricated from wood board components. The wall frame comprises an upper joist 3 and a lower joist 2. The wall comprises vertical studs 4 between the element structures E. The lower joist 2 is mounted on top of the foundation 1 of the building and the vertical studs 4 dimensioned according to the desired room height are mounted from their lower ends to the lower joist 2 and from their upper ends to the upper joist 3, preferably by nailing. Accuracy of the pitch 5 in the installation of the vertical studs 4 and precise vertical alignment of the vertical studs 4 require careful work in the conventional construction method.

Said plurality of parallel element structures E comprises two or more, preferably three or more, element structures E in parallel. In this case, they can be used to form a wide wall frame. In the example shown, there are six element structures E in parallel.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the element structure E according to the invention as an axonometric drawing in a so-called exploded view. The planar surface plates 6 and 7 of the element structure E have a plurality PI of perforations 8 and a plurality P2 of edge cuts 9 machined therein for the surface plate connecting components 10 and 11 having corresponding connecting projections 12 machined therein. The embodiment of the element structure E shown in Fig. 2 consists of surface plates 6 and 7, connecting components 10 to be positioned at the long sides of the element structure E, and connecting components 11 to be positioned at the ends of the element structure E. Intermediate struts may also be placed between the connecting components 10 to support the surface plates 6 and 7 at desired locations as required by the intended use of the element structure, wherein the intermediate struts may be the same type of elongated struts as the connecting components 11 or the connecting components 10. The flexural strength of the element structure E as well as its vertical load-bearing capacity can be easily and considerably increased with intermediate struts. The connecting components 10 and 11 are fastened to the surface plates precisely in the normal direction of the surface plates. The joints between the surface plates and the connecting components are preferably secured by gluing, and nails or screws may also be used to further secure the joints. The material used for the components of the element structure is wood board such as plywood board or OSB with a thickness of at least 15 mm, preferably 18 mm.

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the element structure E, in which the housings of the element structure are filled with urethane insulator 13 in compliance with building regulations after the assembly of the element structure. Other known insulating materials may also be employed in the element structure of the invention, which insulating materials are placed in the housing structures of the element structure during the assembly of the element structure. Thermal insulation may be fastened to the surface plate(s) 6 and 7 by gluing, for example.

Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of a part of the vertical frame of a building with element structures according to an embodiment of the invention installed thereto. The dimensionally accurate prefabricated element structure enables an efficient working process to be employed in the construction of the vertical frame, wherein the vertical studs 4 and the element structures are installed in an alternating manner, avoiding time-consuming dimensioning work. Once the first element structure is installed, a vertical stud is installed and fastened to the installed element structure and to the upper and lower joists. Nails or screws are used for fastening. Then, the next element structure is installed and thereafter the next vertical stud. In the element structure shown in Fig. 4, the surface plate 6 is dimensioned in width and length so as to extend substantially to the middle of the narrow side of the vertical studs 4 and partially onto the side surfaces of the lower and upper joists. The surface plate 6 is nailed to the vertical studs 4 and to the lower and upper joists using nails 14. The surface plate 7 of the element structure is dimensioned in width to correspond to the intended distance between the vertical studs 4 as well as the spacing between the lower and upper joists. The element structure according to the invention enhances the construction in addition to its primary role in improving the load-bearing capacity of the vertical frame. According to the designed structure, other structural parts may be attached to the vertical frame, such as the internal cladding structure or coating and the external cladding structure of the building. The element structure of the invention also acts as an effective safeguard of the stability of the frame against horizontal forces acting on the building. Alternatively, the element structure of the invention may also be fastened to the outside of the outer walls of a frame, whereby the element structures form a cladding on the outer wall. The surface plates may be provided with a suitable coating, which may be applied or fastened onto the surface plate during the manufacture of the element structure, or, alternatively, a pre-coated wood board may be used as the surface plate of the element structure.

As can be seen from Fig. 1 and 4, the element structures E of the wall W are arranged such that the surface plates 6,7 of parallel element structures E are vertical and flush with one another. In the preferred embodiment presented, the length to width ratio of the rectangular surface plates 6, 7 of each element structure E is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, and each element structure E is installed such that the longitudinal edge e of the surface plate 6, 7 is vertical.

In another embodiment of the element structure according to the invention, the vertical frame of a building or a part thereof can be implemented in such a way that no separate vertical frame studs are required in the joints between the element structures E, but the elements structures E as such bear the intended vertical load.

In this embodiment, the surface plates of the element structures are of the same size and the connecting components joining the surface plates together are placed at a distance from the edges of the surface plates, whereby a U-shaped slot is formed along the sides and ends of the element structure. The installation and fastening of the element structures is carried out such that the lower ends of the element structures are supported and fastened from the slots to the lower joist 2 of the vertical frame. At the upper end of the element structures E, the element structures E are preferably, although not necessarily, fastened to one another using plywood or LVL scantlings 16 adapted to the width of the slot at the upper end of the element structure. If required, a unitary structural component resembling an upper joist may further be mounted above the plywood or LVL scantlings to ensure straightness of the wall line. The width of the unitary upper joist may also be dimensioned according to the element structure such that the upper joist is supported on the edges of the surface plate, thus ensuring that the load transferred through the upper joist is directed straight to the surface plates of the element structure. Correspondingly, at the lower end of the structure, the load/pressure of the surface plates is directed to the lower joist and through the lower joist to the foundation structure. The vertical joints between the element structures are preferably sealed with injectable urethane foam, which also joins the element structures together with respect to the vertical seams. Wood boards with tongue-and-groove joints may also be used as surface plates, in which case the vertical joints of the element structures are comprised of a tongue-and-groove structure.

Fig. 5-7 show an example of a solution according to said other embodiment. The general principle drawing of Fig. 5 shows the wall W' according to the other embodiment in more detail. The wall W' comprises a vertical frame comprising a plurality of parallel element structures E fabricated from wood board components. Said plurality of parallel element structures E comprises two or more, preferably three or more, element structures E in parallel. In this case, they may be used to form a wide wall frame. In the example shown, there are four element structures E in parallel. The element structures E are arranged such that the surface plates 6, 7 of parallel element structures E are vertical and flush with one another. The length to width ratio of the rectangular surface plates 6, 7 of each element structure E is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, and each element structure E is installed such that the longitudinal edge e of each of its surface plates 6,7 is vertical. The frame of the wall W' comprises an upper joist 3 and a lower joist 2. The lower joist 2 is mounted on top of the foundation 1 of the building. Fig. 6 shows section B-B from Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 shows section C-C from Fig. 5. In the solution shown in these figures, the upper joist 3 is supported vertically on the upper edges of the surface plates 6,7 of each element structure E, ensuring that the load transferred through the upper joist 3 is directed straight to the surface plates 6,7 of the element structure E. The lower edges of the surface plates 6,7 of each structure element E are supported vertically on the lower joist 2. In this structure, the surface plates 6,7 of parallel element structures E act as a load-bearing structure for the upper joist 3 and the lower joist 2 bears the element structures E through the surface plates 6,7 thereof. Owing to the good load-bearing capacity of the element structures E, no vertical studs are required between them in this embodiment. In this other embodiment of the wall W, the edges of the surface plates 6,7 are dimensioned such that they extend at their upper end to vertically support the upper joist 3 and at their lower end to rest on the lower joist. The connecting components 11 and 10 may join the surface plates 6 and 7 to one another in any of the ways shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 8a-8c. Most preferably, however, each surface plate 6,7 has a plurality P1,P2,P3 of grooves, recesses or perforations 8,15 machined therein for fastening the connecting component 10, 11 to be fastened to the surface plate 6,7, as the formation of a U-shaped slot is easiest this way.

At the upper end of the element structures E, the element structures E are fastened to one another using plywood or LVL scantlings 16 arranged in the slot at the upper end of the element structure E. These plywood or LVL scantlings 16 are preferably the same width as the slot, whereby they keep the element structures E flush with one another. These plywood or LVL scantlings 16 may be long or, alternatively, short pieces, having, for example, at most the width of the element structure E. Said structures 16 preferably fill the space in the slot in the vertical direction, allowing them to bear a part of the load of the upper joist 3, whereby this part of load generated by the upper joist is transferred through said structures 16 to the surface plates 6,7 and to the connecting elements 10. This way, the connecting elements 10 may also bear a part of the load imposed on the element structure by the upper joist. The structures 16 preferably extend beyond the joints of adjacent element structures E, thereby positioning the element structures in relation to one another. As shown in Fig. 7, the spaces between adjacent element structures E are preferably filled with a sealant 18, most preferably polyurethane. Correspondingly, at the lower end of the element structures E, the element structures E are preferably, but not necessarily, fastened to one another using plywood or LVL scantlings 17 arranged in the slot at the lower end of the element structure. These plywood or LVL scantlings are preferably the same width as the slot, thus keeping the element structures E flush with one another. The above-mentioned upper joist and/or lower joist is a horizontal elongated beam, such as a wooden beam. Fig. 8a shows an embodiment for joining the components of the element structure, called a finger joint. The dimensioning of the joints, such as the distance and number of joints, is designed according to the intended use of the element structure. Particularly in the case of element structures subjected to flexural stress, such as beam structures and intermediate and base floor elements, the load-bearing capacity of the joints is of great importance.

Fig. 8b shows another embodiment for joining the components of the element structure. The type of connection shown in Fig. 8b is a mortise joint, in which the surface plate 6 or the surface plates have perforations 8 machined therein into which the tenon-like connecting projections 12 machined in the connecting components 10, 11 of the element structure are positioned.

Fig. 8c shows an embodiment in which the housing-side surface of the surface plate 6 of the element structure has a plurality PI of recesses 15 machined therein, into which recesses the connecting projections 12 machined in the connecting components are positioned. This type of joint is suitable for use in builds where the surface plate 6 of the element structure remains the visible interior surface of the structure.

As can be seen in the examples described above in Fig. l-8c, it is preferred that each surface plate 6,7 has a plurality P1-P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 machined therein for fastening a (single) connecting component 10 to the surface plate 6,7, wherein the connecting surfaces of the connecting component 10 are machined such that they correspond to said grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 machined in the surface plates 6, 7.

The connecting component 10 of the element structure E is fastened to the surface plates 6 and 7 by means of a plurality P1-P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 machined in each of the surface plates 6, 7, wherein said connecting component 10 is preferably a connecting component 10 parallel with the edge e of the element structure E. Said connecting component 10 has connecting projections 12 machined therein extending to a plurality P1,P2,P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 of one 6 of said surface plates 6,7, as well as connecting projections 12 extending into a plurality P1,P2,P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 of the other 7 of said surface plates. In the manner thus defined, the connecting components 10 of the element structure E to be fastened to the surface plates 6 and 7 comprise at least one connecting component 10 parallel with the edge e of the element structure E, but most preferably two, whereby the plate-like connecting components 10 forming the opposite sides of the element structure E are firmly and securely fastened to the surface plates 6 and 7.

Preferably, the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 of each of said plurality P1-P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 are aligned consecutively in the direction d of the edge e of the surface plate 6, 7, as shown e.g., in Fig. 2 and Fig. 8a-8c. In the preferred embodiments shown in the figures, there are at least two said pluralities P1-P3 in each surface plate 6,7 of the element structure E. When the element structure E is placed in a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 1 and 5, the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 of each plurality P1-P3 are aligned consecutively in the vertical direction. This way, the vertical parts 6,7,10 of the element structure E of the wall W,W' are particularly firmly fastened to each other, which facilitates making the structure rigid and very load- bearing, and thus well suited to a wall frame.

In general, the length to width ratio of the preferably rectangular surface plates 6, 7 is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, and said direction of the edge e is the longitudinal direction of the surface plate 6, 7. The proportions thus obtained facilitate making the structure rigid and very load-bearing, and well-suited to a wall frame.

In Fig. 2 and Fig. 8a-8c, the connecting components 11 at the ends of the element structure E are fastened to each of the surface plates 6,7 only by means of a groove, recess, edge cut or perforation 8, 9, 15 machined into each surface plate 6, 7, but in some instances, it would be advantageous to implement the fastening of these connecting components 11 with a larger number of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations than presented herein, i.e. by using a multitude of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations. In general, it is preferred that said plurality P1-P3 of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 comprises more than two, most preferably three or more grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15. This provides a joint with good integrity and a strong structure.

In general, it is preferred that between each two consecutive grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 in said plurality P1-P3, there is a neck structure i separating said two consecutive grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 from one another in the direction of edge e.

In general, it is preferred, although not necessary, that the length LI of the neck structure i in the direction d of the edge e is greater than the length L2 of the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 separated by the neck structure i.

In general, it is preferred, although not necessary, that each connecting component 10,11 is a plate, particularly a substantially rectangular side plate of the element structure.

In general, it is preferred, although not necessary, that each said surface plate 6, 7 and/or connecting component 10,11 is a plate, preferably a wood plate, having a thickness of at least 15 mm, preferably at least 18 mm.

In general, it is preferred, although not necessary, that each connecting component 10,11 is a plate with constant thickness, and the width of each groove, recess, edge cut or perforation 8, 9, 15 of said plurality P of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15, particularly as measured perpendicular to the direction d of the edge e in the direction of the surface of the surface plates, is the same as the thickness of the connecting component 10,11 fastened therewith. This strengthens the structure of the connecting projections 12 of the connecting component 10, 11 extending into the surface plate.

In general, it is preferred that the wall W,W is a wall between two interior spaces of the building or a wall between the interior of the building and the exterior of the building. In general, it is preferred that the number of connecting projections 12 of the con necting component 10, 11 corresponds to the number of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 in the surface plate 6, 7.

In general, it is preferred that in embodiments with a plurality of grooves, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15, said grooves, edge cuts or perforations 8, 9, 15 extend through the surface plates 6,7. This helps provide a strong load-bearing structure. The structural details of the element according to the invention are not limited to the solutions described above but can vary widely within the scope of the characterizing parts of the claims.

Claims

1. An element structure (E) fabricated from wood plate components for use in the frame structures of wood-framed detached houses and/or wood-framed multi-storied buildings, characterized in that the element structure (E) comprises substantially rectangular surface plates (6, 7) and plate-like connecting components (10, 11) fastened between the surface plates (6, 7), extending in the normal direction of the surface of the surface plates (6, 7) and joining the surface plates (6, 7) together to form a housing structure of the element structure (E).

2. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface plates (6, 7) have grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) machined therein for fastening the connecting components (10, 11) to be fastened to the surface plates (6, 7).

3. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting surfaces of the connecting components (10, 11) to be fastened to the surface plates (6, 7) are machined such that they correspond to the grooves, recesses, or perforations (8, 9, 15) machined in the surface plates.

4. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality (P1,P2,P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) are machined in each surface plate (6, 7) for fastening a connecting component (10) to the surface plate (6, 7), wherein the connecting surfaces of the connecting component (10) are machined such that they correspond to said grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) machined in the surface plates (6, 7).

5. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) of said plurality (P1,P2,P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) are aligned consecutively in the direction (d) of the edge (e) of the surface plate (6, 7).

6. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more connecting components (10) of the element structure (E) are fastened to the surface plates (6 and 7) by means of a plurality (P1,P2,P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) machined into each surface plate (6, 7), wherein said connecting component (10) is preferably a connecting component (10) parallel with the edge (e) of the element structure (E).

7. The element structure according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said connecting component (10) has connecting projections (12) machined therein extending into a plurality (P1,P2,P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) of one (6) of said surface plates, and connecting projections (12) extending into a plurality (P1,P2,P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) of the other (7) of said surface plates.

8. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length to width ratio of the rectangular surface plates (6, 7) is at least

I.5, preferably at least 2, and said direction (d) of the edge (e) is the longitudinal direction of the surface plate (6, 7).

9. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality (P1;P2;P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8,

9, 15) comprises more than two, most preferably three or more grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15).

10. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that between each two consecutive grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) in said plurality (P1;P2;P3), there is a neck structure (i) separating said two consecutive grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) in the direction of the edge (e).

II. The element structure according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the length (LI) of the neck structure (i) in the direction (d) of the edge (e) is greater than length (L2) of the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) separated by the neck structure (i).

12. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting components (10, 11) have connecting projections (12) machined therein, which connecting projections (12) are placed in the grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) machined in said surface plates (6, 7).

13. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each connecting component (10, 11) is a plate, particularly a substantially rectangular plate.

14. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each connecting component (10, 11) of the element structure (E) is aplate, particularly a substantially rectangular side plate of the element structure (E), of which there are at least four, and which, together with the surface plates, form a housing structure.

15. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of said surface plates (6, 7) and/or the connecting component (10, 11) is a wood plate, such as a plywood board or OSB.

16. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of said surface plates (6, 7) and/or the connecting component (10, 11) is a plate with a thickness of at least 15 mm, preferably at least 18 mm.

17. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each connecting component (10, 11) is a plate with constant thickness, and the width of each groove, recess, edge cut or perforation (8, 9, 15) of said plurality (P1;P2;P3) of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15), particularly as measured perpendicular to the direction (d) of the edge (e) in the direction of the surface of the surface plates, is the same as the thickness of the connecting component (10, 11) fastened therewith.

18. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of connecting projections (12) of the connecting component (10, 11) corresponds to the number of grooves, recesses, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) in the surface plate (6, 7).

19. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting components (10, 11) joining the surface plates (6, 7) together are fastened to the surface plates (6, 7) by gluing, nailing or with screw joints.

20. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an additional plate or plates dividing the housing structure are fastened in alignment with the surface plates to the surface plate connecting components (10, 11) in the space between the surface plates (6, 7), whereby the element structure has been formed as a multilayered housing structure.

21. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that insulation material is fastened to the housing structure of the element structure during manufacture of the element structure to achieve a desired insulation effect, such as thermal insulation or noise insulation.

22. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing structure of the element structure is filled with urethane insulation (13) injected into the housing structure after the assembly of the element structure.

23. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a mortise or a finger joint between said surface plates (6, 7) and said connecting component (10, 11).

24. The element structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said grooves, edge cuts or perforations (8, 9, 15) extend through the surface plate (6,7).

25. A wall (W;W) comprising a vertical frame comprising a plurality of parallel element structures (E) fabricated from wood plate components according to any of the pre ceding claims.

26. The wall (W;W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality of parallel element structures (E) comprise two or more, preferably three or more element structures (E) in parallel.

27. The wall (W;W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface plates (6,7) of said parallel element structures (E) are vertical and flush with one another.

28. The wall (W;W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length to width ratio of the rectangular surface plates (6, 7) of each element structure (E) is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, and each element structure (E) is installed such that the longitudinal edge (e) of the surface plate (6, 7) is vertical.

29. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises vertical studs (4) between the element structures (E), which vertical studs (4) are fastened from their lower ends to the lower joist (2) and from their upper ends to the upper joist (3).

30. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface plate (6) of the one or more element structures (E) is dimensioned in width and/or length such that it extends substantially to the middle of the narrow side of the vertical studs (4) and/or partially onto the side surfaces of the lower and upper joists (2,3).

31. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an upper joist (3) is supported vertically on the upper edges of the surface plates (6,7) of each element structure (E).

32. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface plates (6,7) of parallel element structures (E) are a load-bearing structure for the upper joist (3).

33. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower edges of the surface plates (6,7) of each element structure (E) are sup ported vertically on the lower joist (2).

34. The wall (W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface plates (6,7) of parallel element structures (E) are a load-bearing structure for the upper joist (3) and/or the lower joist (2) bears the element structures (E) through the surface plates (6,7) thereof.

35. The wall (W;W) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said upper joist (3) and/or lower joist (2) is a horizontal elongated beam.