WO2022146159A1 - Fixation à ressort de colonne de combustibles pour pastilles de combustible - Google Patents

Fixation à ressort de colonne de combustibles pour pastilles de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022146159A1
WO2022146159A1 PCT/RU2020/000768 RU2020000768W WO2022146159A1 WO 2022146159 A1 WO2022146159 A1 WO 2022146159A1 RU 2020000768 W RU2020000768 W RU 2020000768W WO 2022146159 A1 WO2022146159 A1 WO 2022146159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
group
turns
fuel
compensating
spring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2020/000768
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Владимир Владимирович НОВИКОВ
Владимир Иванович КУЗНЕЦОВ
Андрей Сергеевич ШАВРИН
Антон Владимирович КРУПКИН
Иван Романович СЕРГИЕНКО
Олег Максимович ПЕТРОВ
Original Assignee
Акционерное Общество "Твэл"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Акционерное Общество "Твэл" filed Critical Акционерное Общество "Твэл"
Priority to PCT/RU2020/000768 priority Critical patent/WO2022146159A1/fr
Publication of WO2022146159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022146159A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/02—Fuel elements
    • G21C3/04—Constructional details
    • G21C3/16—Details of the construction within the casing
    • G21C3/18—Internal spacers or other non-active material within the casing, e.g. compensating for expansion of fuel rods or for compensating excess reactivity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to nuclear engineering, in particular to designs of fuel rods (fuel rods), which include means for fixing nuclear fuel during its transportation, as well as for compressing fuel during operation, for example, in the form of pellets with the required force.
  • the invention can be used mainly in pressurized nuclear reactors, for example, VVER-440, VVER-1000, RBMK-1000, PWR and BWR reactors, as well as in fast neutron reactors of the BN type.
  • the latch located in the compensation volume of the fuel rod (US 2004196952, IPC G21C3/18, publ. 2004).
  • the latch consists of three parts. The first part, variable in length, adjoins the upper fuel pellet of the fuel column with its end part and provides compression of the fuel column. The second part ensures the engagement of the spring retainer with the inner surface of the fuel element cladding by radially directed outward pressure. The third part allows you to release the second part of the spring clip during operation of the reactor plant, allowing the second part of the spring clip to move relative to the fuel element cladding.
  • the disadvantages of the spring retainer is that with large elongations of the fuel column, when the fuel element is operating in the reactor core at nominal levels of thermal power and its subsequent unloading or reloading, there is a possibility of a violation of the integrity (continuity) of the fuel column during transport and technological or repair operations. , which is unacceptable and can lead to failure of fuel rods.
  • a lock is known (RU 2150151 C1, IPC G21C3/18, publ. 05/27/2000), having a compensating, buffer and fixing group of turns arranged in series from the fuel column, in which the outer diameter of the turns of the buffer group is greater than the inner diameter of the turns of the fixing group, and the pitch of the turns of the buffer group is less than the pitch of the compensating group turns, it is assumed that the outer diameter of the buffer part is equal to the outer diameter of the compensating part.
  • the ratio of the length b kb of the compensating and buffer groups of turns to the total length L o of all groups of turns in the free state of the spring is 0.72-0.89, and the number of turns of the compensating and buffer groups is from 14 to 16, and the diameter d of their wire is selected 0.8-1.1 mm, and the spring is made of iron-chromium-nickel alloy.
  • the disadvantages of the latch is that when the latch is installed in the fuel rod cladding, due to the same outer diameters of the buffer and compensating parts, deformation of the buffer turns was observed, which leads to a decrease in strength and does not provide the minimum value of the post compression force and the maximum length of the latch installed in the fuel rod cladding.
  • Known spring latch (RU 77090, IPC G21C3/18, publ. compensating, buffer and fixing group of turns, in which the pitch of the buffer group turns is less than the pitch of the compensating group turns, and the outer diameter of the buffer group turns is greater than the inner diameter of the fixing group turns, and the outer diameter of the buffer group turns is less than the outer, but greater than the inner diameter of the compensating group turns.
  • the disadvantages of the latch is that when such a latch is operated in fuel elements with a high fuel content and at high burnups, there is a possibility of complete compression of the turns of the compensating part of the spring latch, which leads to the loss of the function of compensating for the expansion of the fuel column, the probable displacement of the fixing part of the spring latch and, as a result, , the possibility of damage to the fuel element cladding and its depressurization.
  • the closest is a spring retainer (RU 2389088 C2, IPC G21C3/18, publ. 2010), which has a compensating, buffer and fixing group of turns arranged in series from the fuel column.
  • the outer diameter of the turns of the buffer group in this spring retainer is greater than the inner diameter of the turns of the fixing group.
  • the step of the turns of the buffer group is less than the step of the turns of the compensating group, and the step of the turns of the fixing group is greater than the step of the turns of the compensating group. In this case, it is assumed that the outer diameter of the buffer part is less than the outer diameter of the compensating part.
  • the disadvantages of the latch is that when such a latch is operated in fuel elements with a high fuel content and at high burnups, there is a possibility of complete compression of the turns of the compensating part of the spring latch, which leads to the loss of the function of compensating for the expansion of the fuel column, the probable displacement of the fixing part of the spring latch and, as a result, , the possibility of damage to the fuel element cladding and its depressurization. So
  • the resource of the fuel element is limited by the duration of operation in the reactor core at an increased level of thermal power of the reactor plant.
  • one of the modern requirements for fuel rods is the possibility of turning over the fuel assembly (FA) during repair operations in a nuclear power plant without displacing the fuel column. This spring retainer does not provide such an opportunity.
  • the objective of the invention is to create a high-tech design of a spring retainer that has optimal elastic properties and provides an increase in the service life of a fuel element in the reactor core at an increased level of thermal power of the reactor plant, an increase in the length of the fuel campaign, the possibility of manufacturing on equipment already used for the production of spring retainers, as well as expanding TVS maintainability.
  • the technical result is an increase in the thermal power of the reactor plant, an increase in the service life of a fuel element in the reactor core at an increased level of thermal power of the reactor plant and an increase in the length of the fuel campaign.
  • the spring latch of the fuel column of fuel rods made in the form of a cylindrical spring, having a compensating, buffer and fixing group of turns arranged in series from the fuel column, in which the step of the turns of the buffer group is less than the step of the turns of the compensating group, and the outer diameter of the turns of the buffer group greater than the inner diameter of the turns of the fixing group, and the outer diameter of the turns of the buffer group is less than the outer, but greater than the inner diameter of the turns of the compensating group, and the turns of the fixing part are tightly compressed, while the pitch of the turns of the fixing group t (1 , is equal to the diameter of the wire d.
  • the outer diameter of the turns of the buffer group is equal to the outer diameter of the turns of the compensating group.
  • the pitch t K of the turns of the compensating group in the free state of the spring is 3.5 - 5 mm.
  • the number of turns of the compensating group is selected from 11 to 28.
  • the number of turns of the compensating and buffer groups is selected from 12 to 30.
  • the number of turns of the fixing group is selected from two to six.
  • the number of turns of the buffer group is selected from one to two.
  • the total number of turns of the fixing, buffer and compensating groups is selected from 14 to 36.
  • the diameter d of their wire is selected from 0.8 to 1.51 mm
  • the outer diameter Bf of the turns of the fixing group is selected from 8.00 to 8.80 mm.
  • the outer diameter D K of the turns of the compensating group is selected from 6.80 to 7.85 mm.
  • the spring is made of corrosion-resistant austenitic steel.
  • the spring is made of a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy.
  • the execution of the spring from corrosion-resistant steel of the austenitic class or from a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy provided an additional increase in the manufacturability of the proposed retainer.
  • fixative was based on the problems that arise with an increase in the mass of fuel in the fuel rod, an increase in the thermal power of the reactor plant, an increase in the length of the fuel campaign and more severe operating modes. To eliminate the difficulties, it was proposed to change the pitch of the turns of the fixing group of the spring retainer while increasing the pitch of the turns of the compensating group and/or increasing their number.
  • the length of the latch after its installation should not exceed 52 - 56 mm to ensure the gap between the end of the spring and the top plug of the fuel rod
  • the latch must provide a fuel compression force of at least 1.2 column weights after all technological operations
  • the working stroke of the latch must compensate for the movement of the fuel column relative to the fuel element cladding when the reactor reaches power and during the entire period of operation at least 24 mm
  • the diameter of the spring wire is 1.01 mm
  • the weight of the fuel column is 1.25 kg for VVER fuel elements -440 third generation.
  • the safety factor for the minimum preload force is 1.5
  • the safety factor for the free movement of the latch is 1.26.
  • the calculation shows the fulfillment of all the requirements for the third-generation fuel rod spring clamp for the VVER-440 reactor, which was necessary to confirm the achievement of the technical result.
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawing. Depicted is a cylindrical spring of the proposed spring retainer.
  • the spring consists of a fixing group 1, a buffer group 2 and a compensating group 3.
  • the pitch of the turns of the buffer group t 6 is less than the pitch of the turns of the compensating group t K , and the turns of the fixing part are tightly compressed (the pitch of the turns of the fixing group is equal to the wire diameter d).
  • the outer diameter of the coils of the buffer group D 6 is made larger than the inner diameter of the coils of the fixing group b f and greater than the inner diameter of the coils of the compensating group d K , but equal to or less than the outer diameter of the coils of the compensating group D K .
  • a three-stage cylindrical spring is made, for example, from a wire with a diameter of 1.01 mm with an outer diameter E f of the fixing group of 8.1 mm, with an inner diameter d ⁇ i> of the fixing group of 6.08 mm, outer diameter Dg of the buffer group 7.00 mm, outer diameter D K of the compensating group 7.00 mm and inner diameter d K of the compensating group 4.98 mm.
  • the proposed design of the spring retainer is high-tech, has optimal elastic properties and provides an increase in the service life of the fuel element in the reactor core at an increased level of thermal power of the reactor plant, increasing the length of the fuel campaign, as well as expanding the maintainability of fuel assemblies with fuel rods with this spring retainer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte aux techniques nucléaires et concerne notamment des structures de pastilles de combustible en tiges impliquant la présence dans leur composition de moyens de fixation du combustible nucléaire lors de son transport, ainsi que de compression lors de l'exploitation du combustible, par exemple sous forme de pastilles avec un effort voulu. L'invention peut être utilisée essentiellement dans des réacteurs nucléaires de type eau refroidissement à eau-modérateur à eau comme les VVER-440, VVER 1000, RBMK-1000, les réacteurs de type PWR et BWR, ainsi que des réacteurs à neutrons rapides de type NR. Cette fixation à ressort se présente sous forme d'un ressort cylindrique comprenant des groupes de spires de compensation, de tampon et de fixation disposés en série depuis la colonne de combustible, dans lesquelles les pas des spires du groupe de tampon est inférieur au pas des spires du groupe de compensation, tandis que les spires de la partie de fixation sont comprimées étroitement. Le diamètre externe des spires du groupe de tampon est supérieur au diamètre interne des spires du groupe de fixation. Le diamètre externe des spires du groupe de tampon est inférieur ou égal au diamètre externe mais supérieur au diamètre interne des spires du groupe de compensation. L'invention a pour but d'augmenter les ressources des pastilles de combustible et la profondeur de combustion du combustible.
PCT/RU2020/000768 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Fixation à ressort de colonne de combustibles pour pastilles de combustible WO2022146159A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2020/000768 WO2022146159A1 (fr) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Fixation à ressort de colonne de combustibles pour pastilles de combustible

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2020/000768 WO2022146159A1 (fr) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Fixation à ressort de colonne de combustibles pour pastilles de combustible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022146159A1 true WO2022146159A1 (fr) 2022-07-07

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963566A (en) * 1972-10-06 1976-06-15 General Electric Company Nuclear fuel column retainer
RU2150152C1 (ru) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Тепловыделяющий элемент ядерного реактора
RU2150151C1 (ru) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Тепловыделяющий элемент ядерного реактора
RU2389088C2 (ru) * 2008-07-08 2010-05-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Пружинный фиксатор топливного столба твэлов твс

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963566A (en) * 1972-10-06 1976-06-15 General Electric Company Nuclear fuel column retainer
RU2150152C1 (ru) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Тепловыделяющий элемент ядерного реактора
RU2150151C1 (ru) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Тепловыделяющий элемент ядерного реактора
RU2389088C2 (ru) * 2008-07-08 2010-05-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Машиностроительный завод" Пружинный фиксатор топливного столба твэлов твс

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