WO2022143600A1 - 一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道 - Google Patents

一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道 Download PDF

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WO2022143600A1
WO2022143600A1 PCT/CN2021/141875 CN2021141875W WO2022143600A1 WO 2022143600 A1 WO2022143600 A1 WO 2022143600A1 CN 2021141875 W CN2021141875 W CN 2021141875W WO 2022143600 A1 WO2022143600 A1 WO 2022143600A1
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breathing
inhalation
channel
exhalation
respiratory system
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PCT/CN2021/141875
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李明忠
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上海睿正环保科技发展有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/02—Masks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of masks, and in particular relates to a method for disposing of exhalation and inhalation separately and a respiratory sub-channel.
  • the sudden attack of the new crown epidemic has brought huge disasters to all centuries.
  • the mask body has become the main equipment to defend against the new crown epidemic.
  • the existing mask body only considers the disposal of the inhaled air, and filters the pollutants in the inhaled air with high-efficiency filter cloth to remove the pollutants in the inhaled air, and does not consider how the turbid air exhaled by the human body can be quickly discharged to the atmosphere.
  • Human respiration can be divided into exhalation and inhalation.
  • the function of exhalation is to expel turbid air (mainly carbon dioxide) from the body;
  • the function of human inhalation is to extract oxygen from the inhaled gas, and provide oxygen to the body through blood flow. major organs in the body.
  • the human body exhales and inhales continuously and alternately, about 22 breaths per minute, and the volume of each breath is about 500ml.
  • the temperature of the exhaled gas is about 28°C ⁇ 30°C, and the relative humidity is about 85%.
  • the temperature of the gas inhaled by the human body varies with the environment, about -20°C ⁇ 35°C, and the relative humidity is about 20% ⁇ 50 %.
  • the pressure (positive pressure) of the human body when exhaling is about 30pa ⁇ 50pa; the pressure (negative pressure) when inhaling is about -30pa ⁇ -50pa.
  • the human respiratory system is mainly composed of the following organs: nose, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, trachea, lungs, the nose is the main channel of the respiratory system to the outside world.
  • the climate has a great impact on human breathing, especially when wearing a mask body, the high ambient temperature will increase the temperature at the breathing outlet, making it difficult to exhale. If the ambient temperature is too low, the breath will form condensation at the outlet, which is also very uncomfortable.
  • the exhalation and inhalation are continuously alternated, because the air pressure in the human body is the same value as the air pressure in the atmosphere, when the human body exhales, the respiratory organs generate pressure to discharge the turbid air of the human body from the nostrils.
  • the respiratory organs When the human body inhales, the respiratory organs generate expansion force, from the air inhaled in the nasal cavity to the nasal cavity to the lungs.
  • the human respiratory system extracts enough oxygen from the inhaled air and supplies it to the vital organs in the body through the blood.
  • the mask bodies commonly used in the market are all high-efficiency filter materials: made of melt-blown non-woven fabric or ultra-fine pore filter cloth, the air passing resistance is large, about 150pa ⁇ 250pa, and the pressure generated by the human body during normal exhalation is small.
  • the turbid air will first enter the nasal cavity to the lungs, because the carbon dioxide content in the exhaled turbid air is very high, so repeated continuous breathing, inhaled into the air The carbon dioxide content of the mask will become higher and higher, and the oxygen content in the inhaled air will become lower and lower, resulting in severe hypoxic breathing, so it feels stuffy and unable to breathe, causing great harm to the body of the mask body wearer.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for disposing of exhalation and inhalation separately and a breathing sub-channel, so as to solve the problem that the turbid air will first enter the nasal cavity to the lungs when the surrounding ring of the existing mask body is sealed with the face of the person. , Because the carbon dioxide content in the exhaled turbid air is very high, so repeating the breathing repeatedly, the carbon dioxide content in the inhaled air will become higher and higher, and the oxygen content in the inhaled air will become lower and lower, resulting in severe hypoxic respiration, Therefore, it feels stuffy and can't breathe, which causes great harm to the body of the wearer of the mask body.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for disposing of exhalation and inhalation separately, comprising the following steps:
  • S100 uses the power and energy of the human respiratory system to divide breathing into an expiratory channel and an inspiratory channel;
  • the power and energy possessed by the human respiratory system are used to divide breathing into an exhalation channel and an inhalation channel, which specifically includes the steps:
  • S110 is dominated by nasal breathing, using the positive expiratory pressure and inspiratory negative pressure during human breathing to divide breathing into an expiratory channel and an inspiratory channel.
  • the exhaled gas is discharged through the exhalation passage, which specifically includes the steps:
  • the gas exhaled by S220 enters the exhaust box and is discharged to the outside of the mask body through the breathing valve.
  • the exhaled gas enters the exhaust box, and is discharged to the outside of the mask body through the breathing valve, specifically including the steps:
  • the inhalation of gas through the inhalation channel specifically includes the steps:
  • the human respiratory system in S320 extracts oxygen from the inhaled gas, and supplies the oxygen to the main organs in the body through blood flow.
  • the exhaled gas is discharged from the nasal cavity, and enters the interior of the breathing catheter through the nasal cavity joint to communicate with the breathing tube.
  • the exhaled gas enters the exhaust box and is discharged to the outside of the mask body through the breathing valve, including steps:
  • the gas is filtered through the mask body, enters the breathing conduit from the inhalation port, and passes through the nasal joint.
  • the steps between entering the nasal cavity and the human respiratory system extracting oxygen from the inhaled gas and supplying the oxygen to the main organs in the body through blood flow include:
  • the heat exchanger is a metal material
  • the heat exchanger is in the shape of a corrugated plate, and is installed on the inner wall of the upper half of the breathing conduit middle.
  • the present invention also provides a breathing sub-channel, comprising a mask body, a breathing conduit is installed inside the mask body, the end of the breathing conduit close to the nasal cavity is provided with a nasal joint, and the end of the breathing conduit away from the nasal cavity is provided with a Inhalation port and exhaust box, a breathing valve is installed in the exhaust box, an exhaust port is opened on the side of the exhaust box facing the outside of the mask body, and an exhalation is formed between the breathing duct and the exhaust box
  • the inhalation channel is formed between the breathing conduit and the inhalation port.
  • the breathing valve includes a valve plate and a valve arm, the valve plate is connected with the inner wall of the exhaust box through the valve arm, and the valve plate is made of a hard film,
  • the valve arm is made of a flexible film.
  • a heat exchanger is installed on the inner wall of the upper half of the breathing conduit, the heat exchanger is a metal member, and the heat exchanger is a corrugated plate structure.
  • one end of the breathing conduit extending into the inside of the exhaust box is the end of the breathing conduit, and the end of the breathing conduit is chamfered.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention adopts the breathing sub-channel, about 95% of the exhaled gas can be quickly discharged to the atmosphere from the first breathing valve and the second breathing valve, eliminating the carbon dioxide that is exhaled and staying in the space between the mask body and the face Inside, due to the rapid discharge of exhalation, the air pressure in the room between the face and the mask body is low.
  • the air on the outside of the mask body can quickly enter after being filtered, ensuring sufficient air volume when inhaling. It will not feel the lack of air intake, which provides an effective guarantee for the safety and health of the human body; changes in the amount of exercise of the human body will cause changes in the amount of breathing air.
  • the breathing sub-channel technology can meet the breathing requirements of the human body under various normal working conditions. It solves the problem of stuffiness when people wear the mask body, and provides an effective guarantee for the safety and health of the human body.
  • This heat exchange method is a single-channel heat exchange. , hot air and cold air circulate in the same channel, and use the time difference between exhalation and inhalation to exchange heat and moisture at the same location.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing sub-channel of the present invention during inhalation.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing sub-channel of the present invention during inhalation.
  • Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in Fig. 2;
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for disposing of exhalation and inhalation separately, comprising the following steps:
  • S100 uses the power and energy of the human respiratory system to divide breathing into an expiratory channel and an inspiratory channel;
  • the described use of the power and energy of the human respiratory system to divide breathing into an exhalation channel and an inhalation channel specifically includes the steps:
  • S110 is dominated by nasal breathing, using the positive expiratory pressure and inspiratory negative pressure during human breathing to divide breathing into an expiratory channel and an inspiratory channel.
  • the exhaled gas is discharged through the exhalation channel specifically includes the steps:
  • the gas exhaled by S220 enters the exhaust box and is discharged to the outside of the mask body through the breathing valve.
  • the exhaled gas enters the exhaust box, and is discharged to the outside of the mask body through the breathing valve, including the steps:
  • the inhalation of gas through the inhalation channel specifically includes the steps:
  • the human respiratory system in S320 extracts oxygen from the inhaled gas, and supplies the oxygen to the main organs in the body through blood flow.
  • the exhaled gas when the human respiratory system exhales, the exhaled gas is discharged from the nasal cavity, enters the interior of the breathing conduit 4 through the nasal cavity connector 3 and the exhaled gas enters the exhaust box, and passes through the breathing valve.
  • the steps of discharging to the outside of the mask body include:
  • the gas when the human respiratory system inhales, the gas is filtered through the mask body, enters the breathing conduit 4 through the inhalation port 8, enters the nasal cavity 2 through the nasal joint 3, and is inhaled from the human respiratory system.
  • the steps between capturing oxygen from the gas and supplying it to the major organs in the body through blood flow include:
  • the heat exchanger is a member made of metal material, and the heat exchanger is in the shape of a corrugated plate and is installed in the inner wall of the upper half of the breathing duct.
  • the breathing sub-channel in order to solve the problem of breathing when people wear masks, it is necessary to first understand the relevant characteristics of the respiratory system in ergonomics, and closely combine the relevant characteristics of modern physical science and ergonomics.
  • To realize the breathing sub-channel we must first use the power and energy that the human body has when breathing. Firstly, nasal breathing is used as the leading factor, making full use of the positive expiratory pressure and inspiratory negative pressure when the human body is breathing, and combining modern physics, fluid mechanics, and material mechanics theories to determine the overall plan for the sub-channels of breathing.
  • the breathing sub-channel system refers to dividing breathing into an expiratory channel and an inspiratory channel to circulate separately.
  • the breathing sub-channel system should mainly include a nasal ventilation guide plate, a breathing catheter, a breathing valve, an exhaust box, a filter cloth (or Face mask).
  • the breathing sub-channel system according to the characteristics of ergonomics, breathing alternately and continuously, the design of the breathing valve should do the following: 1. Since the exhalation is converted into inhalation, it only takes 1 to 3 seconds. The exhalation should be discharged quickly, the discharge volume should be large, the opening speed of the breathing valve should be fast, and the opening space should be large.
  • the valve arm On the discharge port of the breathing tube, the valve arm is fixed on the valve seat on one side, and the valve plate moves in a fan shape when opened and closed. The setting length of the valve arm can determine the opening height of the valve plate.
  • the turbid gas can be discharged to the atmosphere in an instant, and the remaining turbid gas is very small, which can achieve smooth exhalation.
  • the positive exhalation pressure is about 30pa ⁇ 50pa
  • the weight of the breathing valve should be light, and the breathing valve made of polymer material film (thickness 0.1 ⁇ 0.15mm) can meet the requirements.
  • the breathing valve should be closed when closed.
  • negative pressure (about -30pa ⁇ -50pa) is generated in the nasal cavity.
  • the gap between the mask and the face is There is negative pressure in the cavity, and the breathing valve plate will automatically descend and close under the action of the earth's gravity. Under the action of the negative pressure in the breathing tube, the valve plate will be closed tightly. Since the cavity between the mask and the face is negative pressure (about -30pa ⁇ -50pa), the air on the outside of the mask will be filtered through the filter cloth and enter the cavity on the inside of the mask, and enter the breathing tube through the suction port and enter nasal cavity. The air in the atmosphere will not enter in the reverse direction when the breathing valve is closed.
  • the installation method of the breathing valve is horizontal setting, and the vertical direction is fan-shaped movement.
  • the breathing valve is set in the exhaust box, and the exhaust box is provided with an exhaust port. Direct access to the atmosphere.
  • the exhaust box acts as a buffer for internal and external pressures, preventing reverse entry of air in the atmosphere.
  • the position of the breathing valve should be set on both sides of the face, and the direction of the breathing valve should be set to open directly in front of the person when wearing it, which can meet the needs of human work or life. posture.
  • the design of the breathing tube should do the following points, due to the rapid transformation from exhalation to inhalation, from the nasal cavity to the nasal joint to the breathing tube to the breathing valve, to achieve airtightness. Due to the rapid transformation from exhalation to inhalation, when the outdoor temperature is low (below 5 °C) in winter, the cold outdoor air enters the nasal cavity after filtering, which will make the nasal cavity feel uncomfortable.
  • the heat exchanger stores heat energy in the heat exchanger and releases the heat energy into the inhaled air when inhaling.
  • This heat exchange method is a single-channel heat exchange. Hot air and cold air circulate in the same channel.
  • the time difference between exhalation and inhalation is used to exchange heat and moisture at the same location. It is rare in the field of heat transfer. Heat storage and release heat exchange process. It is a very unique heat transfer process in the field of heat transfer. It is the first case in the world and has research value.
  • the respiratory sub-channel is an innovative exploration of human respiratory protection measures.
  • the world's first public disclosure the use of polymer material films to make breathing valves, the world's first.
  • the breathing sub-channel system is composed of nasal joints, breathing tubes, breathing valves, exhaust boxes, filter cloth (or mask) heat exchangers, and the exhalation positive pressure and inspiratory negative pressure during human breathing are used to realize exhalation. It communicates with the suction sub-channel.
  • the exhaled turbid air can be quickly discharged into the atmosphere, and when inhaling, the filtered air can be quickly and adequately entered into the nasal cavity, and you can feel the exhalation is smooth and refreshing, and the inhalation is fresh and comfortable.
  • the built-in sub-channel breathing device and the mask are combined to form a breathing sub-channel breathing filter device.
  • a breathing sub-channel filter device (which can be used in the medical industry), which is composed of an exterior mask, a sub-channel breathing device and a filter bag, and a filter is set at the exhaust port of the exhaust box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing sub-channel of the present invention during inhalation.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing sub-channel of the present invention during inhalation.
  • Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in Fig. 2;
  • the present invention provides a breathing sub-channel, comprising a mask body 1, a breathing conduit 4 is installed inside the mask body 1, a nasal joint 3 is arranged at one end of the breathing conduit 4 close to the nasal cavity 2, and the breathing conduit 4 is far away from the One end of the nasal cavity 2 is provided with a suction port 8 and an exhaust box 7, a breathing valve is installed in the exhaust box 7, and the exhaust box is provided with an exhaust port 6 toward the outside of the mask body 1, so An exhalation passage is formed between the breathing conduit 4 and the exhaust box 7 , and an inhalation passage is formed between the breathing conduit 4 and the inhalation port 8 .
  • the breathing valve includes a valve plate 10 and a valve arm 11.
  • the valve plate 10 is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust box 7 through the valve arm 11.
  • the valve plate 10 is made of a hard film.
  • the valve arm 11 is made of a flexible film.
  • a heat exchanger 5 is installed on the inner wall of the upper half of the breathing conduit 4 , and the heat exchanger 5 is a metal member, and the heat exchanger 5 is a corrugated plate structure.
  • the end of the breathing conduit extending into the exhaust box is the end of the breathing conduit, and the end of the breathing conduit is chamfered to reduce the contact area between the valve plate and the end of the breathing conduit, so that the valve plate can be easily opened .
  • the exhaust boxes are arranged on both sides of the mask body, so as to avoid being arranged in the middle of the mask body, and blocking the line of sight when the wearer is working with his head down.
  • the working principle and use process of the present invention people wear a breathing sub-channel device and a mask to breathe.
  • a positive pressure is formed in the human nasal cavity, and the turbid air discharged from the nasal cavity passes through the nasal cavity joint to the breathing catheter to the breathing valve to the exhaust.
  • the outlet of the box to the exhaust box is to the atmosphere; when inhaling, there is a negative pressure in the nasal cavity, and a negative pressure in the breathing tube and the cavity between the mask and the human face.
  • the polluted air enters the cavity between the mask and the human face from the outside of the mask after being filtered by the mask, and then enters the breathing tube through the suction port of the breathing tube to the nasal cavity.
  • the cycle process of exhalation and inhalation can be completed, the circulation of breathing is divided into channels, and the purpose of separate disposal of exhalation and inhalation can be achieved.

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Abstract

一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，属于口罩技术领域，该方法包括以下步骤：利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道；当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出；当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入。该方法消除了呼出的二氧化碳滞留在口罩本体与人脸之间的空间内，由于呼气的快速排出，人脸与口罩本体之间为室间的气压较低，吸气时口罩本体外侧的空气经过滤后能快速进入，确保了吸气时有足够多的空气量，不会感觉吸入空气不足，对人体的安全与健康提供了有效保障。

Description

一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道 技术领域
本发明属于口罩技术领域，具体涉及一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道。
背景技术
新冠疫情的突然袭来，给全人类带来巨大的灾难。口罩本体成为防御新冠疫情的主要装备。但现有的口罩本体只考虑对吸入空气进行处置，把吸入空气中的污染物用高效过滤布进行过滤，去除吸入空气中的污染物，没有考虑人体呼吸时呼出的浊气如何能快速排至大气。
要解决人们佩戴口罩本体时的呼吸问题，首先要了解人体工学中呼吸系统的相关特点。主要特点如下：
一、人体呼吸可分成呼气与吸气，呼气的功能是排出体内的浊气(主要是二氧化碳)；人体吸气的功能是从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官。
二、人体呼气与吸气是连续交替进行，每分钟约呼吸22次，每次的呼吸量约为500ml。
三、人体呼出气体的温度约为28℃～30℃，相对湿度约为85％，人体吸入气体的温度随所处环境而变化，约为-20℃～35℃，相对湿度约为20％～50％。人体呼气时的压力(正压力)约为30pa～50pa；吸气时的压力(负压力)约为-30pa～-50pa。
四、人体呼吸系统主要由下列器官组成：鼻、咽、喉、支气管、气管、肺，鼻是呼吸系统通往外界的主通道。
五、人体呼吸的变化范围大，会随着年龄的不同而不同，会随着身体运动量的不同而不同，会随着人体健康状况的不同而不同。
六、气候对人体呼吸的影响也很大，特别是戴口罩本体时，环境温度高， 会增加呼吸出口处的温度升高，使呼气感到困难。环境温度过低，会使呼吸在出口处形成凝结水，也非常不舒适。
由于人体呼吸时，呼气与吸气是连续交替进行，因为人体内的气压与大气中的气压是相同值，当人体呼气时呼吸器官产生收宿压力把人体的浊气从鼻孔排出，当人体吸气时呼吸器官产生扩张力，从鼻腔吸入的空气到鼻腔至肺部，人体呼吸系统从吸入的空气中撷下足够的氧气，通过血液提供给身体内的重要器官。由于现在市场上普遍使用的口罩本体都是高效过滤材质：熔喷无纺布或超细孔过滤布制作，其空气通过阻力大，约为150pa～250pa，而人体正常呼气时产生的压力小，约为30pa～50pa，若口罩本体四周边圈与人的脸部形成密闭，浊气会先行进入鼻腔至肺部，因呼出的浊气中二氧化碳含量很高，如此反复连续呼吸，吸入空气中的二氧化碳含量会越来越高，而吸入空气中的氧含量会越来越低，造成严重的缺氧呼吸，因而感觉闷堵，无法呼吸，对口罩本体佩戴者的身体造成极大的伤害。
从现代物理学中，空气动力学理论可知，空气流动是由空气之间存在的压差、温差而引起，由于人体呼气时的压力约为30pa～50pa，而口罩使用的高效过滤布的气体流通阻力约为150pa～250pa，由于呼气正压力小于口罩压力，所以戴口罩时，呼气时排出的浊气无法从口罩排至大气，排出的浊气(二氧化碳)会滞留在口罩与人脸之间的空腔中，吸气时会先行进入鼻腔，造成严重的缺氧呼吸，感觉闷堵。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道，以解决现有的口罩本体四周边圈与人的脸部密闭时，浊气会先行进入鼻腔至肺部，因呼出的浊气中二氧化碳含量很高，如此反复连读呼吸，吸入空气中的二氧化碳含量会越来越高，而吸入空气中的氧含量会越来越低，造成严重的缺氧呼吸，因而感觉闷堵，无法呼吸，对口罩本体佩戴者的身体造成 极大的伤害的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，包括以下步骤：
S100利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道；
S200当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出；
S300当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道具体包括步骤：
S110以鼻呼吸为主导，利用人体呼吸时的呼气正压力与吸气负压力，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出具体包括步骤：
S210当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头进入到呼吸导管的内部；
S220呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部具体包括步骤：
S221由于吸气口与口罩本体之间的压力小于呼吸道管内的压力，呼出的气体顶开由硬质薄膜制成的、与排气盒通过柔质薄膜制成的阀臂连接的阀板，由排气口排出。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入具体包括步骤：
S310当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，吸入的气体压迫所述阀板，以及所述阀板的自身重力，使所述阀板与呼吸导管闭合，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由 吸气口进入至呼吸导管内，经过鼻腔接头进入鼻腔；
S320所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头进入到呼吸导管的内部与所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部之间包括步骤：
S211呼出的气体经过呼吸道管时，与呼吸导管内部设置的换热器进行换热，所述换热器将呼出的气体中的热能储存。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由吸气口进入至呼吸导管内，经过鼻腔接头进入鼻腔与所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官之间包括步骤：
S311流经呼吸导管的气体经过换热器进行加热。
作为本发明一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法优选地，所述换热器为金属材质的构件，所述换热器为波纹板状，安装于所述呼吸导管上半部分的内壁中。
本发明还提供一种呼吸分通道，包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体的内部安装有呼吸导管，所述呼吸导管靠近鼻腔的一端设置有鼻腔接头，所述呼吸导管远离所述鼻腔的一端设置有吸气口和排气盒，所述排气盒内安装有呼吸阀，所述排气盒朝向口罩本体外部的一侧开有排气口，所述呼吸导管与排气盒之间形成呼气通道，所述呼吸导管与吸气口之间形成吸气通道。
作为本发明一种呼吸分通道优选地，所述呼吸阀包括阀板和阀臂，所述阀板与所述排气盒的内壁通过阀臂连接，所述阀板为硬质薄膜制成，所述阀臂为柔质薄膜制成。
作为本发明一种呼吸分通道优选地，所述呼吸导管上半部分的内壁安装有换热器，所述换热器为金属材质的构件，所述换热器为波纹板状结构。
作为本发明一种呼吸分通道优选地，所述呼吸导管伸入排气盒内部的一端为呼吸导管端部，所述呼吸导管端部倒角设置。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明通过采用呼吸分通道，呼出的气体约95％能从第一呼吸阀和第二呼吸阀中快速排至大气，消除了呼出的二氧化碳滞留在口罩本体与人脸之间的空间内，由于呼气的快速排出，人脸与口罩本体之间为室间的气压较低，吸气时口罩本体外侧的空气经过滤后能快速进入，确保了吸气时有足够多的空气量，不会感觉吸空气不足，对人体的安全与健康提供了有效保障；人体运动量的变化会引起呼吸空气量的变化，呼吸分通道技术，可满足人体各种正常工作状态下的呼吸要求，解决了人们带口罩本体时闷堵的问题，对人体的安全与健康提供了有效保障。
(2)在呼吸导管内设有换热器，呼气时换热器把热能储存在换热器内，吸气时把热能释放到吸入空气中，这种换热方式，属单通道换热，热空气和冷空气在同一通道流通，利用呼气与吸气之间的时间差，在同一位置进行热湿交换。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种呼吸分通道的吸气时的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一种呼吸分通道的吸气时的结构示意图。
图3为图1中A处的局部放大图；
图4为图2中B处的局部放大图；
图中：1、口罩本体；2、鼻腔；3、鼻腔接头；4、呼吸导管；5、换热器；6、排气口；7、排气盒；8、吸气口；9、呼吸导管端部；10、阀板；11、阀臂。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供如下技术方案：一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，包括以下步骤：
S100利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道；
S200当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出；
S300当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入。
具体地，所述的利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道具体包括步骤：
S110以鼻呼吸为主导，利用人体呼吸时的呼气正压力与吸气负压力，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道。
具体地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出具体包括步骤：
S210当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头3进入到呼吸导管4的内部；
S220呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部。
具体地，所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部具体包括步骤：
S221由于吸气口与口罩本体之间的压力小于呼吸道管内的压力，呼出的气体顶开由硬质薄膜制成的、与排气盒通过柔质薄膜制成的阀臂连接的阀板，由排气口排出。
具体地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入具体包括步骤：
S310当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，吸入的气体压迫所述阀板，以及所述阀板的自身重力，使所述阀板与呼吸导管闭合，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由吸气口8进入至呼吸导管4内，经过鼻腔接头3进入鼻腔2；
S320所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官。
具体地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头3进入到呼吸导管4的内部与所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部之间包括步骤：
S211呼出的气体经过呼吸道管时，与呼吸导管内部设置的换热器进行换热，所述换热器将呼出的气体中的热能储存。
具体地，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由吸气口8进入至呼吸导管4内，经过鼻腔接头3进入鼻腔2与所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官之间包括步骤：
S311流经呼吸导管的气体经过换热器进行加热。
具体地，所述换热器为金属材质的构件，所述换热器为波纹板状，安装于所述呼吸导管上半部分的内壁中。
本实施例中，要解决好人们佩戴口罩时的呼吸问题，首先要了解人体工学中呼吸系统的相关特点，并根据现代物理科学与人体工学的相关特点紧密结合。要实现呼吸分通道，首先要利用人体呼吸时自身具有的动力与能量。首先用鼻呼吸为主导，充分利用人体呼吸时的呼气正压力与吸气负压力，结合现代物理学中，流体力学，材料力学理论，确定呼吸分通道的总体方案。所述呼吸分通道系统，是指把呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道分别流通，呼吸 分通道系统主要应包含有鼻腔通气导盘，呼吸导管，呼吸阀，排气盒，过滤布(或口罩)。所述呼吸分通道系统，根据人体工学中，呼吸交替连续进行的特点，对呼吸阀的设计要做到如下几点：一，由于从呼气转化为吸气，只有1～3秒的时间，呼气的排出要快速，排出量大，呼吸阀打开的速度应快，打开的空间要大，呼吸阀采用摇臂式开启结构，其中硬性薄膜为阀板，柔性薄膜为阀臂，阀板坐落在呼吸导管排出口上，阀臂固定在一边的阀座件上，阀板开启与闭合呈扇形运动。阀臂的设置长度可决定阀板的开启高度，有较大的开启高度，才可在瞬间把浊气排至大气，滞留的浊气很少，可达到呼气畅快。呼气排出越快越干净，吸气越有利，可达到呼气畅快。二，由于从呼气转换到吸气，呼气正压力约为30pa～50pa，呼吸阀的重量应轻，利用高分子材料薄膜制作的呼吸阀(厚度0.1～0.15mm)可达到要求。三，由于从呼气快速转换为吸气，呼吸阀关闭时应达到密闭，吸气时，鼻腔内产生负压(约-30pa～-50pa)，呼气导管内，口罩与人脸之间的空腔内为负压，呼吸阀板在地球引力作用下会自动下行关闭，在呼吸导管内负压力作用下，阀板会关闭严密。由于口罩与人脸之间的空腔内为负压(约-30pa～-50pa)，口罩外侧的空气会通过过滤布过滤后进入口罩内侧的空腔，并由吸气口进入呼吸导管并进入鼻腔。大气中的空气不会从呼吸阀关闭时逆向进入，呼吸阀的安装方式为水平设置，垂直方向呈扇形运动，呼吸阀设置在排气盒内，排气盒设置有排气口，排气口可直通大气。排气盒为内外压力的缓冲区，可阻止大气中的空气逆向进入。四，由于从呼气快速转化为吸气，呼吸阀的位置应设置在人脸的两侧，呼吸阀的方向设置为向人佩戴时的正前方开启，可满足人体工作或生活中的多种姿势。五，由于从呼气快速转化为吸气，当室外气温5℃以下时，呼吸阀的排气口会产生凝结水，会把阀板粘连在出口，影响呼吸阀开启，因此排气出口设置有倒角，缩小粘连接触面积，可满足呼气阀的正常使用。
对呼吸导管的设计要做到如下几点，由于从呼气快速转化为吸气，从鼻腔到鼻腔接头到呼吸导管到呼吸阀，达到密闭。由于从呼气快速转化为吸气，冬季室外气温较低时(5℃以下)，室外冷空气经过滤后进入鼻腔，会使鼻腔感觉不舒适，在呼吸导管内设计有升温装置，呼气时换热器把热能储存在换热器内，吸气时把热能释放到吸入空气中。这种换热方式，属单通道换热，热空气和冷空气在同一通道流通，利用呼气与吸气之间的时间差，在同一位置进行热湿交换，在传热学领域，属罕见的储热与释放换热过程。在传热学领域属非常特有的换热过程，是全球首例，有研究价值。
所述呼吸分通道，是对人体呼吸防护措施的一项创新探索。全球首次公开，利用高分子材料薄膜制作呼吸阀，为全球首例。采用鼻腔接头，呼吸导管，呼吸阀，排气盒，过滤布(或口罩)换热器组合成的呼吸分通道系统，利用人体呼吸时的呼气正压力与吸气负压力，实现了呼气与吸气分通道流通。呼气时，可把呼出的浊气快速的排入大气，吸气时可把过滤后的空气快速足量的进入鼻腔，可感到呼气通畅，爽快，吸气清新舒适。
有几种不同的分通道方式：
用内置式分通道呼吸装置及口罩组合成呼吸分通道呼吸过滤装置。
用外饰面罩与分通道呼吸装置和过滤袋组合成呼吸分通道过滤装置。
用外饰面罩与分通道呼吸装置和过滤盒组合成呼吸分通道过滤装置。
用外饰面罩与分通道呼吸装置与过滤袋组合，排气盒的排气口设置过滤器而组合而成的呼吸分通道过滤装置(可用于医疗行业)。
如图1-4所示：
图1为本发明一种呼吸分通道的吸气时的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一种呼吸分通道的吸气时的结构示意图。
图3为图1中A处的局部放大图；
图4为图2中B处的局部放大图；
本发明提供一种呼吸分通道，包括口罩本体1，所述口罩本体1的内部安装有呼吸导管4，所述呼吸导管4靠近鼻腔2的一端设置有鼻腔接头3，所述呼吸导管4远离所述鼻腔2的一端设置有吸气口8和排气盒7，所述排气盒7内安装有呼吸阀，所述排气盒朝向口罩本体1外部的一侧开有排气口6，所述呼吸导管4与排气盒7之间形成呼气通道，所述呼吸导管4与吸气口8之间形成吸气通道。
具体地，所述呼吸阀包括阀板10和阀臂11，所述阀板10与所述排气盒7的内壁通过阀臂11连接，所述阀板10为硬质薄膜制成，所述阀臂11为柔质薄膜制成。
具体地，所述呼吸导管4上半部分的内壁安装有换热器5，所述换热器5为金属材质的构件，所述换热器5为波纹板状结构。
具体地，所述呼吸导管伸入排气盒内部的一端为呼吸导管端部，所述呼吸导管端部倒角设置，减小阀板与呼吸导管端部的接触面积，使得阀板能够轻易打开。
本实施例中，排气盒设置于口罩本体的两侧，避免设置在口罩本体中部，在佩戴者低头工作时遮挡视线。
本发明的工作原理及使用流程：人们佩戴呼吸分通道装置及口罩进行呼吸，当呼气时，人体鼻腔内形成正压，从鼻腔排出的浊气经鼻腔接头到呼吸导管到呼吸阀到排气盒到排气盒出口至大气；当吸气时，鼻腔内为负压，呼吸导管内及口罩与人体脸部之间的空腔内为负压。污染空气从口罩外侧经口罩过滤后进入口罩与人体脸部之间的空腔内，再经呼吸导管的吸口进入呼吸导管到鼻腔。按此顺序交替进行，即可完成呼气与吸气的循环过程，实现呼吸分通道流通，实现将呼气与吸气分开处置的目的。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行 多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S100利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道；
    S200当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出；
    S300当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的利用人体呼吸系统具有的动力与能量，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道具体包括步骤：
    S110以鼻呼吸为主导，利用人体呼吸时的呼气正压力与吸气负压力，将呼吸分为呼气通道与吸气通道。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体经过所述呼气通道排出具体包括步骤：
    S210当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头进入到呼吸导管的内部；
    S220呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部具体包括步骤：
    S221由于吸气口与口罩本体之间的压力小于呼吸道管内的压力，呼出的气体顶开由硬质薄膜制成的、与排气盒通过柔质薄膜制成的阀臂连接的阀板，由排气口排出。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过所述吸气通道吸入具体包括步骤：
    S310当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，吸入的气体压迫阀板，以及所述阀板的自身重力，使所述阀板与呼吸导管闭合，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由吸气口进入至呼吸导管内，经过鼻腔接头进入鼻腔；
    S320所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统呼气时，呼出的气体由鼻腔排出，经过鼻腔接头进入到呼吸导管的内部与所述的呼出的气体进入排气盒内，经由呼吸阀排出至口罩本体外部之间包括步骤：
    S211呼出的气体经过呼吸道管时，与呼吸导管内部设置的换热器进行换热，所述换热器将呼出的气体中的热能储存。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述的当所述人体呼吸系统吸气时，气体经过口罩本体过滤，由吸气口进入至呼吸导管内，经过鼻腔接头进入鼻腔与所述人体呼吸系统从吸入的气体中撷下氧气，通过血液流动把氧气提供给体内主要器官之间包括步骤：
    S311流经呼吸导管的气体经过换热器进行加热。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法，其特征在于，所述换热器为金属材质的构件，所述换热器为波纹板状，安装于所述呼吸导管上半部分的内壁中。
  9. 一种呼吸分通道，其特征在于，包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体的内部安装有呼吸导管，所述呼吸导管靠近鼻腔的一端设置有鼻腔接头，所述呼吸导管远离所述鼻腔的一端设置有吸气口和排气盒，所述排气盒内安装有呼吸阀，所述排气盒朝向口罩本体外部的一侧开有排气口，所述呼吸导管与排气盒之间形成呼气通道，所述呼吸导管与吸气口之间形成吸气通道。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种呼吸分通道，其特征在于，所述呼吸阀包 括阀板和阀臂，所述阀板与所述排气盒的内壁通过阀臂连接，所述阀板为硬质薄膜制成，所述阀臂为柔质薄膜制成。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的一种呼吸分通道，其特征在于，所述呼吸导管上半部分的内壁安装有换热器，所述换热器为金属材质的构件，所述换热器为波纹板状结构。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的一种呼吸分通道，其特征在于，所述呼吸导管伸入排气盒内部的一端为呼吸导管端部，所述呼吸导管端部倒角设置。
PCT/CN2021/141875 2020-12-30 2021-12-28 一种将呼气与吸气分开处置的方法及呼吸分通道 WO2022143600A1 (zh)

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