WO2022142137A1 - 赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法 - Google Patents

赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022142137A1
WO2022142137A1 PCT/CN2021/098461 CN2021098461W WO2022142137A1 WO 2022142137 A1 WO2022142137 A1 WO 2022142137A1 CN 2021098461 W CN2021098461 W CN 2021098461W WO 2022142137 A1 WO2022142137 A1 WO 2022142137A1
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red mud
lightweight aggregate
cementitious material
light
preparation
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French (fr)
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王文龙
张超
王旭江
李敬伟
吴长亮
蒋稳
王冠
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/0409—Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/21—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium sulfate containing activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of solid waste utilization, in particular to a red mud-based cementitious material, red mud-based lightweight aggregate, red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereof.
  • the utilization rate of red mud is greatly improved, and the red mud-based products have good performance at the same time.
  • red mud-based aggregates used to prepare light-weight aggregate concrete using red mud-based lightweight aggregates as raw materials also use sintered red mud aggregates.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based cementitious material, a red mud-based lightweight aggregate, a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a red mud-based cementitious material, comprising the following steps:
  • red mud or red mud-based waste slag, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings After drying the red mud or red mud-based waste slag, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings, they are mixed and ground in a mass ratio of 15-25:20-35:20-30:25-35;
  • the red mud-based cementitious material is mixed and ground with desulfurized gypsum to prepare the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based cementitious material prepared by the above method for preparing a red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of red mud-based light aggregate, comprising the following steps:
  • the mixed powder is granulated, and the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution is sprayed in the granulation process;
  • water repellent is sprayed on their surfaces to obtain red mud-based light aggregates.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate prepared by the above method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
  • a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps:
  • the red mud-based light-fine aggregate and the red-mud-based light-coarse aggregate After premixing the red mud-based cementitious material, the red mud-based light-fine aggregate and the red-mud-based light-coarse aggregate, water and a water-reducing agent are added, and the mixture is uniform to obtain the red mud-based light-weight aggregate concrete.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete prepared by the above method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • red mud-based cementitious materials Use high-performance and low-cost red mud-based cementitious materials, geopolymer cementing materials, foaming agents and silicone waterproofing materials to improve the performance of red mud-based lightweight aggregates, and then realize the performance improvement of lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • Lifting not only improves the strength of red mud-based light aggregate/light aggregate concrete, but also improves its durability.
  • Red mud-based cementitious materials are low-alkalinity sulfur-aluminum-based cementitious materials, and the preparation process of red mud-based light aggregates forms geopolymers such as sodium aluminosilicate/calcium aluminosilicate, which can achieve Na + solidification. While improving the strength of the non-burning lightweight aggregate, the alkalinity of the concrete is reduced, thereby alleviating the alkali-aggregate reaction of the lightweight aggregate concrete and improving its durability.
  • the addition of hydrogen peroxide foaming agent can reduce the density of non-burning lightweight aggregate, and the silicone waterproofing agent can reduce its water absorption.
  • the non-burning lightweight aggregate product and the lightweight aggregate concrete product prepared by the present invention do not need steam curing.
  • the bulk density of the red mud-based non-burning light aggregate product prepared by the present invention is 710-1080Kg/m 3 , the cylinder compressive strength is 3.8-8.6Mpa, the water absorption rate is 7.2-10%, and the softening coefficient is 0.66-0.71, The Na 2 O content is 2.5-3%.
  • Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the multi-stage iterative utilization of red mud according to the embodiment of the present invention to prepare lightweight aggregate concrete;
  • Fig. 2 is the XRD pattern of the red mud-based cementitious material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the topography diagram of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a comparison chart of the compressive strength of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and the reference group.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a red mud-based cementitious material, comprising the following steps:
  • red mud or red mud-based waste slag, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings After drying the red mud or red mud-based waste slag, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings, they are mixed and ground in a mass ratio of 15-25:20-35:20-30:25-35;
  • the red mud-based cementitious material is mixed and ground with desulfurized gypsum to prepare the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • red mud-based cementitious materials is a synergistic complement of silicon-aluminum-iron-based solid waste and calcium sulfate-based solid waste, in which red mud and aluminum slag, as silicon-aluminum-iron-based solid waste, can provide Si sources for the preparation of red mud-based cementitious materials and Al source, while limestone tailings and desulfurization gypsum as calcium sulfate-based solid waste can provide Ca source for material preparation. Limestone tailings are rich in calcium carbonate, which can provide sufficient calcium source for material preparation.
  • the calcination temperature is 1210-1230° C.
  • the calcination time is 1.5-2.5 h.
  • the calcination temperature is 1215-1225°C
  • the calcination time is 1.7-2.2h.
  • the calcination temperature is 1220°C
  • the calcination time is 2h.
  • the mass ratio of red mud-based cementitious material clinker to desulfurized gypsum is 90-96:4:10.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based cementitious material prepared by the above method for preparing a red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of red mud-based light aggregate, comprising the following steps:
  • the mixed powder is granulated, and the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution is sprayed in the granulation process;
  • water repellent is sprayed on their surfaces to obtain red mud-based light aggregates.
  • fly ash The bulk density of fly ash is only about 2/3 of that of cement, and the particle shape is good, and fly ash contains a lot of glass microbeads, which can play the role of micro-aggregate to make the light aggregate more compact. While reducing the density, the strength of lightweight aggregates can be improved; in addition, fly ash is rich in active silicon-alumina components and has alkali-activated activity, while the alkali metal Na 2 O content in red mud is high and the alkalinity is strong, and the synergistic effect of the two can be The formation of dense sodium aluminosilicate/calcium aluminosilicate and other geopolymer cementitious materials can increase the strength of lightweight aggregates while achieving Na + effective solidification, thereby reducing the alkalinity of lightweight aggregates and relieving red mud-based aggregates. Frost phenomenon.
  • the prepared red mud-based cementitious material is an early-strength and fast-hardening cementitious material with an initial setting time of 10-15min.
  • a dynamic foaming process of simultaneous granulation and simultaneous foaming needs to be realized.
  • the preferred hydrogen peroxide is a blowing agent that completes the foaming process before the material sets.
  • the mass ratio of the red mud-based cementitious material, fly ash and red mud is 10-30:5-15:70-90.
  • the mesh number of sieving is 140-160 mesh.
  • the mass percentage of hydrogen peroxide in the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution is 0.2%-1%.
  • the parameters of the granulator are: diameter: 70-100cm, rotation speed 30-40rpm, angle 40°-50°, granulation time 8-12min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed on the surface of the light aggregate With water stains, the water-cement ratio is controlled at 0.3-0.38.
  • the curing time for the granulated mixture granules is 5-10 d, preferably 7 d.
  • the mass concentration of the silicone water repellent is 4-9%, preferably 5%.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate prepared by the above method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
  • a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps:
  • the red mud-based light-fine aggregate and the red-mud-based light-coarse aggregate After premixing the red mud-based cementitious material, the red mud-based light-fine aggregate and the red-mud-based light-coarse aggregate, water and a water-reducing agent are added, and the mixture is uniform to obtain the red mud-based light-weight aggregate concrete.
  • the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
  • it also includes the steps of collecting, crushing, and grinding the residue in the preparation process as a raw material for preparing the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the present invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete prepared by the above method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • red mud-based cementitious material preparation steps are as follows: (1) red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurization gypsum, limestone tailings are dried for subsequent use; (2) 15 parts of red mud are taken respectively; 35 parts of ore; 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 20 parts of aluminum slag.
  • the red mud is combined with limestone tailings, aluminum slag, and desulfurized gypsum after grinding and mixing to prepare red mud-based cementitious material clinker.
  • the calcination temperature is 1220 ° C, and the calcination time 2h.
  • the XRD pattern of the prepared red mud-based cementitious material is shown in Figure 2.
  • the red mud-based cementitious material clinker is calculated in parts by mass, red mud-based cementitious material clinker: desulfurized gypsum 95%: 5%, mixed and ground to obtain the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the preparation steps of the red mud-based light aggregate are as follows: (1) 20 parts of the red mud-based cementitious material, 10 parts of fly ash, and 70 parts of red mud are uniformly mixed and ground through a 150-mesh sieve according to the mass fraction; 15 ml of H 2 O 2 solution with a mass fraction of 30% was added to 1.455 L of water and diluted to obtain a foaming agent solution; (3) the above mixture was placed in a disc granulator, and the foaming agent solution was sprayed to prepare red mud-based light bone The parameters of the granulator: diameter: 80cm, rotation speed 33rpm, angle 45°, granulation time 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed with a slight water stain on the surface of the light aggregate, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to 0.3- 0.38 is appropriate; (4) the above-mentioned red mud-based light aggregates are cured at room temperature and pressure for 7 days; (5) Calculated by mass fraction: take 5% of silicone
  • the light-weight aggregate concrete preparation steps are as follows: 520 parts of red mud-based cementitious materials, 707 parts of red mud-based light and fine aggregates, and 575 parts of red mud-based light and coarse aggregates prepared in the previous steps of this embodiment are put into a drum. Type mixer for 15min, then poured into the mixed solution prepared by 168 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and mixed evenly to obtain red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based cementitious material are 3d 49.6Mpa, 28d 58.3Mpa, the flexural strength is 3d 6.9Mpa, and 28d 7.6Mpa. Density 2.83g/cm -3 , specific surface area 373m 2 /kg, setting time: initial setting 25min, final setting 60min.
  • the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete performance slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 51.8Mpa. Flexural strength: 5.07Mpa, split tensile strength 4.22Mpa, dry density: 1916Kg/m 3 .
  • the preparation steps of the red mud-based cementitious material are as follows: (1) drying red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and tailings for later use; (2) respectively taking 20 parts of red mud; 30 parts of limestone tailings; 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum 25 parts of aluminum slag.
  • the red mud is combined with limestone tailings, aluminum slag, and desulfurized gypsum to be uniformly ground and mixed, and then calcined to prepare red mud-based cementitious material clinker.
  • the red mud-based cementitious material clinker is calculated in parts by mass, red mud-based cementitious material clinker: desulfurized gypsum 95%: 5%, mixed and ground to obtain the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the preparation steps of the red mud-based light aggregate are as follows: (1) 20 parts of red mud-based cementitious materials, 15 parts of fly ash, and 65 parts of red mud are uniformly mixed and ground through a 150-mesh sieve by mass fraction; (2) ) Take 45 ml of H 2 O 2 solution with a mass fraction of 30% and add it to 1.455 L of water to dilute to obtain a foaming agent solution; (3) place the above mixture in a disc granulator, spray the foaming agent solution to prepare a red mud base Lightweight aggregate (parameters of the granulator: diameter: 80cm, rotating speed 33rpm, angle 45°, granulation time 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed with a slight water stain on the surface of the light aggregate, and the water-cement ratio is controlled 0.3-0.38 is suitable); (4) The above-mentioned red mud-based light aggregates are cured at room temperature and pressure for 7 days; (5) Calculated by mass fraction: take 5% of silicone waterproof
  • the light-weight aggregate concrete preparation steps are as follows: put 520 parts of red mud-based cementitious materials, 707 parts of red mud-based light and fine aggregates, and 575 parts of red mud-based light and coarse aggregates prepared in the previous steps of this example into a drum. Type mixer for 15min, then poured into the mixed solution prepared by 160 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and mixed evenly to obtain red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based cementitious material are 3d 52.8Mpa, 28d 68.5Mpa, the flexural strength is 3d7.2Mpa, and 28d 8.3Mpa. Density 2.88g/cm -3 , specific surface area 385m 2 /kg, setting time: initial setting 20min, final setting 50min.
  • the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete performance slump: 98mm, 28d compressive strength 52.2Mpa. Flexural strength: 5.5Mpa, split tensile strength 4.5Mpa, dry density: 1830Kg/m 3 .
  • the preparation steps of the red mud-based cementitious material are as follows: (1) drying red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and tailings for later use; (2) respectively taking 20 parts of red mud; 30 parts of limestone tailings; 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum 25 parts of aluminum slag.
  • the red mud is combined with limestone tailings, aluminum slag, and desulfurized gypsum to be uniformly ground and mixed, and then calcined to prepare red mud-based cementitious material clinker.
  • the red mud-based cementitious material clinker is calculated in parts by mass, red mud-based cementitious material clinker: desulfurized gypsum 95:5, mixed and ground to obtain the red mud-based cementitious material.
  • the preparation steps of the red mud-based light aggregate are as follows: (1) Counting by mass fraction, 20 parts of red mud-based cementitious materials, 15 parts of fly ash, and 65 parts of red mud are uniformly mixed and pulverized through a 150-mesh sieve; ( 2) Take 75 ml of H 2 O 2 solution with a mass fraction of 30% and add it to 1.455 L of water to dilute to obtain a foaming agent solution; (3) place the above mixture in a disc granulator, spray the foaming agent solution to prepare red mud Based on light aggregate; the parameters of the granulator: diameter: 80cm, rotation speed 33rpm, angle 45°, granulation time 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed with a slight water stain on the surface of the light aggregate, and the water-cement ratio It is appropriate to control 0.3-0.38; (4) the above-mentioned red mud-based light aggregates are cured at room temperature and pressure for 7 days; (5) According to the mass fraction: take
  • the preparation steps of the lightweight aggregate concrete are as follows: 450-520 parts of the red mud-based cementitious material prepared in the previous steps of this embodiment, 650-750 parts of the red mud-based light and fine aggregate, and 500-750 parts of the red mud-based light and coarse aggregate 600 parts, put it into a drum mixer and stir for 15 minutes, then pour in the mixed solution prepared by 160 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, and mix evenly to obtain red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based cementitious material are 3d 52.8Mpa, 28d 68.5Mpa, the flexural strength is 3d 7.2Mpa, and 28d 8.3Mpa. Density 2.88g/cm -3 , specific surface area 385m 2 /kg, setting time: initial setting 20min, final setting 50min.
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate bulk density: 710kg/m 3 , apparent density: 1620kg/m 3 , water absorption rate: 10%, cylinder compressive strength: 3.2Mpa, softening coefficient 0.71Na 2 O, content 1.15% .
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete slump: 98mm, 28d compressive strength: 45.5Mpa. Flexural strength: 4.3Mpa, splitting tensile strength: 3.2Mpa, dry density: 1720Kg/m 3 .
  • the cementitious material does not use the red mud-based cementitious material used in the present invention, and the cementitious material of the reference group adopts 425 ordinary Portland cement.
  • ordinary light sand is used as the fine aggregate
  • sintered ceramsite with continuous gradation is used as the coarse aggregate.
  • the preparation steps of the lightweight aggregate concrete are as follows: 520 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 707 parts of red light sand aggregate, and 575 parts of 5-25 continuous grading sintered ceramsite are put into a drum mixer for stirring for 15 minutes, and then poured into Lightweight aggregate concrete is obtained by mixing 168 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.
  • the properties of the selected ordinary Portland cement compressive strength of mortar 3d 28.9Mpa, 28d 46.5Mpa, flexural strength 3d 6.3Mpa, 28d 8.2Mpa. Density 2.85g/cm -3 , specific surface area 423m 2 /kg, setting time: initial setting 190min, final setting 248min.
  • the properties of the selected sintered ceramsite bulk density: 850kg/m 3 , apparent density: 1650kg/m 3 , water absorption rate: 11%, cylinder compressive strength: 5.5Mpa, softening coefficient 0.66.
  • the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete performance slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 48.2Mpa. Flexural strength: 4.3Mpa, split tensile strength 3.56Mpa, dry density: 1730Kg/m 3 .
  • Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the limestone tailings were replaced with iron tailings, and the others were the same as Example 1.
  • the properties of the prepared red mud-based cementitious material are 3d 35.6Mpa, 28d 45.8Mpa, the flexural strength is 3d 6.1Mpa, and 28d 6.3Mpa. Density 2.95g/cm -3 , specific surface area 353m 2 /kg, setting time: initial setting 20min, final setting 60min.
  • the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete performance slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 46.5Mpa. Flexural strength: 4.8Mpa, split tensile strength 3.6Mpa, dry density: 1950Kg/m 3 .
  • Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution was replaced with Al powder foaming agent, and the others were the same as Example 1.
  • the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete performance slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 54.8Mpa. Flexural strength: 6.1Mpa, split tensile strength 4.8Mpa, dry density: 2100Kg/m 3 .

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  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法，利用高性能低成本的赤泥基胶凝材料、地聚物胶结材料、发泡剂及有机硅防水剂材料，实现赤泥基轻骨料性能的提升，进而实现轻骨料混凝土性能的提升，不仅提高赤泥基轻骨料/轻骨料混凝土的强度，而且提高其耐久性。赤泥基胶凝材料为低碱度硫铝系胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料制备过程形成铝硅酸钠/铝硅酸钙等地质聚合物，可实现Na +固化，两者结合在提高免烧轻骨料强度的同时，降低了混凝土碱度，从而缓解轻骨料混凝土碱骨料反应，提高其耐久性。双氧水发泡剂的加入可降低免烧轻骨料密度，有机硅防水剂了降低其吸水率。

Description

赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及固废利用技术领域，尤其是一种赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法，通过赤泥的多级迭代利用和综合化利用，大幅提高了赤泥的利用率，同时使得赤泥基产品具备良好的使用性能。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
目前，现有制备轻骨料混凝土技术大多以天然骨料、烧结陶粒作为轻骨料制备，而对于赤泥的利用仅局限于作为掺合料使用。而采用赤泥基轻骨料作为原料制备轻骨料混凝土的所用赤泥基骨料也大多采用烧结赤泥骨料。
发明人发现，现有技术中采用赤泥资源化利用的相关技术存在以下问题：(1)在赤泥资源化利用制备建材过程中，仅针对某一制备环节实现了赤泥的利用，并未实现赤泥多级迭代及综合利用，导致赤泥利用率低。(2)目前制备轻骨料混凝土过程中主要采用烧结轻骨料或天然轻骨料及普硅水泥为原料，碱骨料反应对混凝土耐久性影响较大；(3)现阶段赤泥制备轻骨料的技术主要为烧结法制备，部分采用免烧制备，而免烧制备的赤泥基轻骨料普遍存在密度高，强度较低，吸水率高等问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明提供一种赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥 基轻骨料、赤泥基轻骨料混凝土及其制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明的以下一个或多个实施例提供了如下技术方案：
第一方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将赤泥或赤泥基废渣、铝渣、脱硫石膏以及石灰石尾矿烘干后，按质量比为15-25：20-35：20-30：25-35混合研磨；
将研磨后的混合粉体经过煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料；
赤泥基胶凝材料熟料与脱硫石膏混合粉磨，制备赤泥基胶凝材料。
第二方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基胶凝材料，由以上赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法制备而成。
第三方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将所述赤泥基胶凝材料、粉煤灰和赤泥按设定比例混合粉磨后，过筛，得混合粉料；
将混合粉料进行造粒，造粒过程中喷洒双氧水发泡剂溶液；
将造粒后的混合物颗粒养护后，在其表面喷洒防水剂，即得赤泥基轻骨料。
第四方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料，由以上赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法制备而成。
第五方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
从制备得到的赤泥基轻骨料中筛分得到0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用；
将所述赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻细骨料和赤泥基轻粗骨料预混后，再加入水和减水剂，混合均匀，即得赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
第六方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土，由以上赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法制备而成。
与现有技术相比，本发明的以上实施例的有益效果为：
1、实现赤泥的多级迭代利用和综合化利用，大幅提高赤泥的利用率，使赤泥的利用率达到80％以上。
2、利用高性能低成本的赤泥基胶凝材料、地聚物胶结材料、发泡剂及有机硅防水剂材料，实现赤泥基轻骨料性能的提升，进而实现轻骨料混凝土性能的提升，不仅提高赤泥基轻骨料/轻骨料混凝土的强度，而且提高其耐久性。
赤泥基胶凝材料为低碱度硫铝系胶凝材料、赤泥基轻骨料制备过程形成铝硅酸钠/铝硅酸钙等地质聚合物，可实现Na +固化，两者结合在提高免烧轻骨料强度的同时，降低了混凝土碱度，从而缓解轻骨料混凝土碱骨料反应，提高其耐久性。双氧水发泡剂的加入可降低免烧轻骨料密度，有机硅防水剂了降低其吸水率。
3、本发明所制备的免烧轻骨料产品及轻骨料混凝土产品均无需蒸养。
4、本发明所制备赤泥基免烧轻骨料产品的堆积密度在710-1080Kg/m 3，筒压强度为3.8-8.6Mpa，吸水率为7.2-10％，软化系数为0.66-0.71，Na 2O含量为2.5-3％。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例的赤泥多级迭代利用制备轻骨料混凝土的工艺流程图；
图2为本发明实施例1制备的赤泥基胶凝材料XRD图；
图3为本发明实施例1制备的赤泥基轻骨料的形貌图；
图4为本发明实施例1-3、参照组制备的赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的抗压强度对比图。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是示例性的，旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
第一方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将赤泥或赤泥基废渣、铝渣、脱硫石膏以及石灰石尾矿烘干后，按质量比为15-25：20-35：20-30：25-35混合研磨；
将研磨后的混合粉体经过煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料；
赤泥基胶凝材料熟料与脱硫石膏混合粉磨，制备赤泥基胶凝材料。
赤泥基胶凝材料制备为硅铝铁基固废与硫酸钙基固废的协同互补，其中赤泥、铝渣作为硅铝铁基固废可为赤泥基胶凝材料的制备提供Si源和Al源，而石灰石尾矿及脱硫石膏作为硫酸钙基固废可为材料制备提供Ca源，石灰石尾矿含有丰富的碳酸钙，可为材料的制备提供充足的钙源。
在一些实施例中，煅烧的温度为1210-1230℃，煅烧时间1.5-2.5h。
进一步的，煅烧的温度为1215-1225℃，煅烧时间1.7-2.2h。
更进一步的，煅烧的温度为1220℃，煅烧时间2h。
在一些实施例中，赤泥基胶凝材料熟料与脱硫石膏的质量比为90-96:4:10。
第二方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基胶凝材料，由以上赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法制备而成。
第三方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将所述赤泥基胶凝材料、粉煤灰和赤泥按设定比例混合粉磨后，过筛，得混合粉料；
将混合粉料进行造粒，造粒过程中喷洒双氧水发泡剂溶液；
将造粒后的混合物颗粒养护后，在其表面喷洒防水剂，即得赤泥基轻骨料。
粉煤灰的容重只有水泥的2/3左右，而且粒形好，并且粉煤灰中含有大量玻璃微珠，可以起到微集料作用使轻骨料更加密实，适当添加粉煤灰，在降低密度的同时可提升轻骨料强度；此外粉煤灰富含活性硅铝成分，具有碱激发活性，而赤泥中碱金属Na 2O含量较高，碱性较强，两者协同作用可形成致密的铝硅酸钠/铝硅酸钙等地聚物胶凝材料，在增加轻骨料强度的同时可实现Na +有效固化，从而降低轻骨料碱度，缓解赤泥基骨料的泛霜现象。
所制备赤泥基胶凝材料为早强快硬胶凝材料，初凝时间10-15min，而在制备轻骨料过程中需实现同步造粒同步发泡的动态发泡过程，因此需选用活性较好的过氧化氢为发泡剂，可在材料凝结前完成发泡过程。
在一些实施例中，所述赤泥基胶凝材料、粉煤灰和赤泥的质量比为10-30：5-15：70-90。
进一步的，过筛的目数为140-160目。
在一些实施例中，双氧水发泡剂溶液中双氧水的质量百分数为0.2％-1％。
在一些实施例中，造粒机的参数为：直径：70-100cm，转速30-40rpm，角 度40°-50°，造粒时间8-12min，所述发泡剂溶液喷洒以轻骨料表面带水渍，水灰比控制0.3-0.38。
在一些实施例中，将造粒后的混合物颗粒养护的时间为5-10d，优选为7d。
常温常压养护，温度25℃，湿度99％。
在一些实施例中，有机硅防水剂的质量浓度为4-9％，优选为5％。
第四方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料，由以上赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法制备而成。
第五方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
从制备得到的赤泥基轻骨料中筛分得到0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用；
将所述赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻细骨料和赤泥基轻粗骨料预混后，再加入水和减水剂，混合均匀，即得赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
在一些实施例中，所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂。
在一些实施例中，还包括将制备过程中的残渣收集、破碎、粉磨，作为原料用于赤泥基胶凝材料制备的步骤。
第六方面，本发明提供一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土，由以上赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法制备而成。
实施例1
如图1所示，所述赤泥基胶凝材料制备步骤如下:(1)将赤泥、铝渣、脱硫石膏、石灰石尾矿烘干备用；(2)分别取赤泥15份；石灰石尾矿35份；脱硫石膏30份；铝渣20份，将赤泥协同石灰石尾矿、铝渣、脱硫石膏经研磨混合均匀后煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料，煅烧温度1220℃，煅烧时间2h。制 备的赤泥基胶凝材料XRD图，如图2所示。
将赤泥基胶凝材料熟料按质量份计，赤泥基胶凝材料熟料：脱硫石膏95％：5％，混合粉磨均匀制得赤泥基胶凝材料。
赤泥基轻骨料制备步骤如下：(1)按质量分数计数将赤泥基胶凝材料20份、粉煤灰10份、赤泥70份均匀混合粉磨过150目筛；(2)取质量分数30％的H 2O 2溶液15ml加入1.455L水中稀释制得发泡剂溶液；(3)将上述混合料置于圆盘造粒机中，喷洒发泡剂溶液制备赤泥基轻骨料；所述造粒机参数：直径：80cm，转速33rpm，角度45°，造粒时间10min，所述发泡剂溶液喷洒以轻骨料表面略带水渍为宜，水灰比控制0.3-0.38为宜；(4)上述赤泥基轻骨料常温常压养护7d；(5)按质量分数计：取有机硅防水剂5％，喷涂于轻骨料表面备用；(6)将赤泥基轻骨料筛分为0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用。制备的赤泥基轻骨料的形貌图如图3所示。
所述轻骨料混凝土制备步骤如下：将本实施例前述步骤制备的赤泥基胶凝材料520份，赤泥基轻细骨料707份，赤泥基轻粗骨料575份，放入滚筒式搅拌机搅拌15min，再倒入水168份及4份聚羧酸减水剂配制成的混合液，混合均匀即得到赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
所制备赤泥基胶凝材料性能：砂浆强度抗压3d 49.6Mpa，28d 58.3Mpa，抗折强度3d 6.9Mpa，28d 7.6Mpa。密度2.83g/cm -3，比表面积373m 2/kg，凝结时间：初凝25min，终凝60min。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料性能：堆积密度：1080kg/m 3，表观密度：1820kg/m 3，吸水率：7.2％，筒压强度：8.6Mpa，软化系数0.66，Na 2O含量1.15％。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：95mm，28d抗压强度51.8Mpa。 抗折强度：5.07Mpa，抗劈拉强度4.22Mpa，干密度：1916Kg/m 3。
实施例2
所述赤泥基胶凝材料制备步骤如下:(1)将赤泥、铝渣、脱硫石膏、尾矿烘干备用；(2)分别取赤泥20份；石灰石尾矿30份；脱硫石膏25份；铝渣25份，将赤泥协同石灰石尾矿、铝渣、脱硫石膏经研磨混合均匀后煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料，煅烧温度1220℃，煅烧时间2h。
将赤泥基胶凝材料熟料按质量份计，赤泥基胶凝材料熟料：脱硫石膏95％：5％，混合粉磨均匀制得赤泥基胶凝材料。
所述赤泥基轻骨料制备步骤如下：(1)按质量分数计数将赤泥基胶凝材料20份、粉煤灰15份、赤泥65份均匀混合粉磨过150目筛；(2)取质量分数30％的H 2O 2溶液45ml加入1.455L水中稀释制得发泡剂溶液；(3)将上述混合料置于圆盘造粒机中，喷洒发泡剂溶液制备赤泥基轻骨料(所述造粒机参数：直径：80cm，转速33rpm，角度45°，造粒时间10min，所述发泡剂溶液喷洒以轻骨料表面略带水渍为宜，水灰比控制0.3-0.38为宜)；(4)上述赤泥基轻骨料常温常压养护7d；(5)按质量分数计：取有机硅防水剂5％，喷涂于轻骨料表面备用；(6)将赤泥基轻骨料筛分为0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用。
所述轻骨料混凝土制备步骤如下：将本实施案例前述步骤制备的赤泥基胶凝材料520份，赤泥基轻细骨料707份，赤泥基轻粗骨料575份，放入滚筒式搅拌机搅拌15min，再倒入水160份及4份聚羧酸减水剂配制成的混合液，混合均匀即得到赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
所制备赤泥基胶凝材料性能：砂浆强度抗压3d 52.8Mpa，28d 68.5Mpa，抗折强度3d7.2Mpa，28d 8.3Mpa。密度2.88g/cm -3，比表面积385m 2/kg，凝结 时间：初凝20min，终凝50min。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料性能：堆积密度：830kg/m 3，表观密度：1700kg/m 3，吸水率：9.1％，筒压强度：5.8Mpa，软化系数0.71Na 2O，含量1.1％。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：98mm，28d抗压强度52.2Mpa。抗折强度：5.5Mpa，抗劈拉强度4.5Mpa，干密度：1830Kg/m 3。
实施例3
所述赤泥基胶凝材料制备步骤如下:(1)将赤泥、铝渣、脱硫石膏、尾矿烘干备用；(2)分别取赤泥20份；石灰石尾矿30份；脱硫石膏25份；铝渣25份，将赤泥协同石灰石尾矿、铝渣、脱硫石膏经研磨混合均匀后煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料，煅烧温度1220℃，煅烧时间2h。将赤泥基胶凝材料熟料按质量份计，赤泥基胶凝材料熟料：脱硫石膏95：5，混合粉磨均匀制得赤泥基胶凝材料。
所述赤泥基轻骨料制备步骤如下：(1)按质量分数计数，将赤泥基胶凝材料20份、粉煤灰15份、赤泥65份均匀混合粉磨过150目筛；(2)取质量分数30％的H 2O 2溶液75ml加入1.455L水中稀释制得发泡剂溶液；(3)将上述混合料置于圆盘造粒机中，喷洒发泡剂溶液制备赤泥基轻骨料；所述造粒机参数：直径：80cm，转速33rpm，角度45°，造粒时间10min，所述发泡剂溶液喷洒以轻骨料表面略带水渍为宜，水灰比控制0.3-0.38为宜；(4)上述赤泥基轻骨料常温常压养护7d；(5)按质量分数计：取有机硅防水剂5％，喷涂于轻骨料表面备用；(6)将赤泥基轻骨料筛分为0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用。
所述轻骨料混凝土制备步骤如下：将本实施例前述步骤制备的赤泥基胶凝材料450-520份，赤泥基轻细骨料650-750份，赤泥基轻粗骨料500-600份， 放入滚筒式搅拌机搅拌15min，再倒入水160份及4份聚羧酸减水剂配制成的混合液，混合均匀，即得到赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
所制备赤泥基胶凝材料性能：砂浆强度抗压3d 52.8Mpa,28d 68.5Mpa，抗折强度3d 7.2Mpa，28d 8.3Mpa。密度2.88g/cm -3，比表面积385m 2/kg，凝结时间：初凝20min，终凝50min。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料性能：堆积密度：710kg/m 3，表观密度：1620kg/m 3，吸水率：10％，筒压强度：3.2Mpa，软化系数0.71Na 2O，含量1.15％。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：98mm，28d抗压强度45.5Mpa.抗折强度：4.3Mpa，抗劈拉强度3.2Mpa，干密度1720Kg/m 3。
参照组：
所述胶凝材料未采用本发明所用赤泥基胶凝材料，本参照组胶凝材料采用425普通硅酸盐水泥。本参照组细骨料采用普通轻砂，粗骨料采用连续级配的烧结陶粒。所述轻骨料混凝土制备步骤如下：将普通硅酸盐水泥520份，赤轻砂骨料707份，5-25连续级配烧结陶粒575份，放入滚筒式搅拌机搅拌15min，再倒入水168份及4份聚羧酸减水剂配制成的混合液，混合均匀即得到轻骨料混凝土。
所选用普通硅酸盐水泥性能：砂浆强度抗压3d 28.9Mpa，28d 46.5Mpa，抗折强度3d 6.3Mpa，28d 8.2Mpa。密度2.85g/cm -3，比表面积423m 2/kg，凝结时间：初凝190min，终凝248min。
所选用烧结陶粒性能：堆积密度：850kg/m 3，表观密度：1650kg/m 3，吸水率：11％，筒压强度：5.5Mpa，软化系数0.66。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：95mm，28d抗压强度48.2Mpa。抗折强度：4.3Mpa，抗劈拉强度3.56Mpa，干密度：1730Kg/m 3。
对比例1
与实施例1相比，将石灰石尾矿替换为铁尾矿，其他均与实施例1相同。
所制备赤泥基胶凝材料性能：砂浆强度抗压3d 35.6Mpa，28d 45.8Mpa，抗折强度3d 6.1Mpa，28d 6.3Mpa。密度2.95g/cm -3，比表面积353m 2/kg，凝结时间：初凝20min，终凝60min。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料性能：堆积密度：1100kg/m 3，表观密度：1920kg/m 3，吸水率：7.2％，筒压强度：7.6Mpa，软化系数0.72，Na 2O含量2.25％。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：95mm，28d抗压强度46.5Mpa。抗折强度：4.8Mpa，抗劈拉强度3.6Mpa，干密度：1950Kg/m 3。
对比例2
与实施例1相比，将双氧水发泡剂溶液替换为Al粉发泡剂，其他均与实施例1相同。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料性能：堆积密度：1150kg/m 3，表观密度：2002kg/m 3，吸水率：6.5％，筒压强度：9.1Mpa，软化系数0.56，Na 2O含量1.15％。
所制备赤泥基轻骨料混凝土性能：塌落度：95mm，28d抗压强度54.8Mpa。抗折强度：6.1Mpa，抗劈拉强度4.8Mpa，干密度：2100Kg/m 3。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    将赤泥或赤泥基废渣、铝渣、脱硫石膏以及石灰石尾矿烘干后，按质量比为15-25：20-35：20-30：25-35混合研磨；
    将研磨后的混合粉体经过煅烧制备赤泥基胶凝材料熟料；
    赤泥基胶凝材料熟料与脱硫石膏混合粉磨，制备赤泥基胶凝材料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于：煅烧的温度为1210-1230℃，煅烧时间1.5-2.5h；
    进一步的，煅烧的温度为1215-1225℃，煅烧时间1.7-2.2h；
    更进一步的，煅烧的温度为1220℃，煅烧时间2h；
    进一步的，赤泥基胶凝材料熟料与脱硫石膏的质量比为90-96:4:10。
  3. 一种赤泥基胶凝材料，其特征在于：由权利要求1或2任一所述赤泥基胶凝材料的制备方法制备而成。
  4. 一种赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    将权利要求3所述赤泥基胶凝材料、粉煤灰和赤泥按设定比例混合粉磨后，过筛，得混合粉料；
    将混合粉料进行造粒，造粒过程中喷洒双氧水发泡剂溶液；
    将造粒后的混合物颗粒养护后，在其表面喷洒防水剂，即得赤泥基轻骨料。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述赤泥基胶凝材料、粉煤灰和赤泥的质量比为10-30：5-15：70-90；
    进一步的，过筛的目数为140-160目；
    在一些实施例中，双氧水发泡剂溶液中双氧水的质量百分数为0.2％-1％；
    在一些实施例中，造粒机的参数为：直径：70-100cm，转速30-40rpm，角度40°-50°，造粒时间8-12min，所述发泡剂溶液喷洒以轻骨料表面带水渍， 水灰比控制0.3-0.38；
    进一步的，将造粒后的混合物颗粒养护的时间为5-10d，优选为7d。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法，其特征在于：有机硅防水剂的质量浓度为4-9％，优选为5％。
  7. 一种赤泥基轻骨料，其特征在于：由权利要求4-6任一所述赤泥基轻骨料的制备方法制备而成。
  8. 一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    从制备得到的赤泥基轻骨料中筛分得到0.15-1mm轻细骨料代替普通轻砂，5-20mm连续级配轻粗骨料代替石灰石骨料备用；
    将所述赤泥基胶凝材料、赤泥基轻细骨料和赤泥基轻粗骨料预混后，再加入水和减水剂，混合均匀，即得赤泥基轻骨料混凝土。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法，其特征在于：所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂；
    进一步的，还包括将制备过程中的残渣收集、破碎、粉磨，作为原料用于赤泥基胶凝材料制备的步骤。
  10. 一种赤泥基轻骨料混凝土，其特征在于：由权利要求8或9所述赤泥基轻骨料混凝土的制备方法制备而成。
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