WO2022141016A1 - 呼吸通气设备及其指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法 - Google Patents

呼吸通气设备及其指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022141016A1
WO2022141016A1 PCT/CN2020/140616 CN2020140616W WO2022141016A1 WO 2022141016 A1 WO2022141016 A1 WO 2022141016A1 CN 2020140616 W CN2020140616 W CN 2020140616W WO 2022141016 A1 WO2022141016 A1 WO 2022141016A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
patient
recommended range
graph
leakage
ventilation device
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PCT/CN2020/140616
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘瑞玲
南知白
王慧华
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/140616 priority Critical patent/WO2022141016A1/zh
Priority to CN202080106814.7A priority patent/CN116600843B/zh
Publication of WO2022141016A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022141016A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a breathing ventilation device and a method for indicating the wearing state of a patient interface accessory by the breathing ventilation device.
  • the interface accessories act as the medium between the respiratory ventilation equipment and the patient, which is directly related to whether the patient uses the respiratory ventilation equipment comfortably and effectively.
  • the interface accessory may be, for example, a nasal mask, an oronasal mask or a face mask.
  • the present invention provides a breathing ventilation device and a method for indicating the wearing state of a patient interface accessory by the breathing ventilation device, which will be described in detail below.
  • an embodiment provides a breathing ventilation device, comprising:
  • the ventilation device is connected to the patient interface attachment through the ventilation pipeline, and is used for ventilating the patient through the patient interface attachment to deliver preset breathing gas;
  • a processor configured to control the ventilation parameters of the ventilation device, and obtain the patient leakage volume of the breathing ventilation device and a recommended range of the patient leakage volume;
  • the leakage amount and the recommended range generate a first visualization graph;
  • the first visualization graph characterizes at least the acquired patient leakage amount of the respiratory ventilation device, the recommended range, and the patient leakage amount and the recommended range Relationship;
  • a display component is used to display the first visualization graphic.
  • an embodiment provides a breathing ventilation device, comprising:
  • the ventilation device is connected to the patient interface attachment through the ventilation pipeline, and is used for ventilating the patient through the patient interface attachment to deliver preset breathing gas;
  • the processor obtains the patient leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device and the recommended range of the patient leakage volume, and generates wearing status information and/or an adjustment suggestion indicating adjustment of the patient interface accessory according to the patient leakage volume and the recommended range information.
  • an embodiment provides a method for indicating a wearing state of a patient interface accessory by a breathing ventilation device, wherein the breathing ventilation device is connected to the patient interface accessory through a pipeline, and is used for performing a procedure on a patient through the patient interface accessory. Ventilation, the method comprising:
  • a visualization graph is generated according to the acquired gas leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device and the recommended range; the visual graphic at least characterizes the acquired gas leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device, the recommended range, and the gas The relationship of the leakage volume to the stated recommended range;
  • the visualization is displayed.
  • an embodiment provides a method for indicating the wearing state of a patient interface accessory by a breathing ventilation device, wherein the breathing ventilation device is connected to the patient interface accessory through a pipeline, and is used for performing a procedure on a patient through the patient interface accessory. Ventilation, the method comprising:
  • wear status information is generated, and/or adjustment suggestion information indicating adjustment of the patient interface accessory is generated.
  • an embodiment provides a breathing ventilation device, comprising:
  • the ventilation device is connected to the patient interface attachment through the ventilation pipeline, and is used for ventilating the patient through the patient interface attachment to deliver preset breathing gas;
  • a processor for controlling the ventilation device to deliver breathing gas to the patient at preset ventilation parameters
  • the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters of the patient for obtaining the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters of the patient; according to at least one of the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters, determining a recommended range of gas leakage of the respiratory ventilation device; and executing the recommended range, In order to monitor the gas leakage of the respiratory ventilation device.
  • the processor obtains a time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal when it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal; the processor obtains the leakage amount corresponding to the time point to determine the recommended range.
  • the processor obtains the time point when the physiological parameter is abnormal when it is determined that the abnormality occurs in the physiological parameter; the processor obtains the leakage amount corresponding to the time point to determine the recommended range .
  • the processor determines that the leakage amount corresponding to the time point is within the current recommended range, and determines a new recommended range according to a preset rule.
  • the processor determines a new recommended range according to a preset rule, including:
  • the processor When the abnormal ventilation parameter has a positive correlation with the leakage amount: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a high abnormal state, the processor reduces at least the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new Recommended range; if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a low abnormal state, the processor will at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the processor increases at least the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new the recommended range; if the abnormal ventilation parameter occurs in a low abnormal state, the processor at least reduces the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the processor When the abnormal physiological parameter is positively correlated with the leakage amount: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, the processor at least reduces the upper limit value of the current recommended range to obtain the new Recommended range; if the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, the processor will at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the processor When the abnormal physiological parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage amount: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, the processor at least increases the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new If the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, the processor reduces at least the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range.
  • the ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation gas flow rate, ventilation gas pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate and compliance;
  • the physiological parameters include blood oxygen parameters and carbon dioxide parameters one or more of the.
  • the respiratory ventilation device further includes a display component for displaying the determined recommended range.
  • the gas leakage amount is a patient leakage amount or a total leakage amount
  • the total leakage amount includes the patient leakage amount and the system leakage amount.
  • an embodiment provides a method for setting a breathing ventilation device with respect to a patient interface accessory, the breathing ventilation device is connected to the patient interface accessory through a pipeline, and is used to ventilate a patient through the patient interface accessory,
  • the setting method includes:
  • the ventilation parameter and the physiological parameter determining the recommended range of the gas leakage amount of the respiratory ventilation device
  • the recommended range is implemented to monitor the gas leakage amount.
  • the determining the recommended range of the gas leakage amount according to at least one of the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters includes:
  • the leakage amount corresponding to the time point is acquired to determine the recommended range.
  • the determining the recommended range of the gas leakage amount according to at least one of the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters includes:
  • the time point when the physiological parameter is abnormal is obtained
  • the leakage amount corresponding to the time point is acquired to determine the recommended range.
  • acquiring the leakage amount corresponding to the time point to determine the recommended range includes:
  • the preset rules include:
  • the abnormal ventilation parameter When the abnormal ventilation parameter is positively correlated with the leakage amount: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range; if If the abnormal ventilation parameter is a low abnormal state, at least the lower limit of the current recommended range is increased to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the abnormal ventilation parameter When the abnormal ventilation parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage amount: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a high abnormal state, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range; If the abnormal ventilation parameter is a low abnormal state, at least lowering the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the abnormal physiological parameter When the abnormal physiological parameter is positively correlated with the leakage amount: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range; if If the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range;
  • the abnormal physiological parameter When the abnormal physiological parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range; If the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit value of the current recommended range to obtain the new recommended range.
  • the ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation gas flow rate, ventilation gas pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate and compliance;
  • the physiological parameters include blood oxygen parameters and carbon dioxide parameters one or more of the.
  • the setting method further includes: displaying the determined recommended range.
  • the gas leakage amount is a patient leakage amount or a total leakage amount
  • the total leakage amount includes the patient leakage amount and the system leakage amount.
  • an embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a program executable by a processor to implement the method as described in any of the embodiments herein.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing ventilation device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the breathing ventilation device of an embodiment when it is a ventilator
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a breathing ventilation device according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is an example of determining the recommended range of gas leakage according to ventilation parameters
  • Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b) are two examples of determining the recommended range of gas leakage according to physiological parameters
  • Fig. 6(a) and Fig. 6(b) are two schematic diagrams in which the visualization graph can include a dashboard graph
  • Fig. 7(a) and Fig. 7(b) are two schematic diagrams in which the visualization graph can include a dashboard graph
  • Fig. 8(a) and Fig. 8(b) are two schematic diagrams in which the visualization graph can include a dashboard graph
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the visualization graph including histogram
  • Figure 10(a) and Figure 10(b) are two schematic diagrams where the visualization graph can include a histogram
  • Fig. 11(a), Fig. 11(b) and Fig. 11(c) are three examples of displaying the wearing status information and adjustment suggestion information in combination with the above-mentioned visual graphics;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a graph corresponding to the patient leakage and a graph corresponding to the total leakage in one embodiment
  • FIG. 12-1 is a schematic diagram of a graph corresponding to the patient leakage and a graph corresponding to the total leakage in one embodiment
  • Fig. 12-2 is a schematic diagram of a graph corresponding to the patient's leakage and a graph corresponding to the total leakage in one embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is an example of collectively displaying a graph of gas leakage volume versus time and a graph of ventilation gas pressure versus time;
  • FIG. 14 is a flow diagram of a method for a respiratory ventilation device to indicate the wearing status of a patient interface accessory according to an embodiment
  • 15 is a flowchart of a method for a breathing ventilation device to indicate the wearing status of a patient interface accessory according to another embodiment
  • 16 is a flow diagram of a method for a breathing ventilation device to indicate the wearing status of a patient interface accessory according to yet another embodiment.
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (connections).
  • the wearing of patient interface accessories mainly involves air leakage. From the perspective of respiratory ventilation equipment, the types of gas leaks can be roughly divided into intentional leaks (also called system leaks) and unintentional leaks (also called patient leaks). Leaks caused by exhalation valves or exhaust valves, etc.
  • interface accessories such as full-face masks can also reduce the impact of air leakage caused by mouth breathing, so the impact of air leakage caused by mouth breathing is small; there is also a seal leak, which is also Whether it is unintentional leakage, sealing leakage mostly occurs at the position where the interface accessories are in contact with the patient's face. If the leakage is large, it will affect the stability of the pressure of the breathing ventilation equipment. Total leakage of respiratory ventilation equipment can then include system leakage and patient leakage.
  • patient leakage may be calculated by monitoring the ventilation pressure and flow rate of the ventilation device. For example, the total leakage is first calculated from the ventilation pressure and flow rate, and then the total leakage is subtracted from the system leakage to obtain the patient leakage.
  • ventilation devices usually have two sensors, one for monitoring the ventilation pressure at the device end and the other for monitoring the ventilation pressure at the proximal end of the patient (for example, through a tube connected to the mask, and the other end of the tube is connected to the device sensor in the ventilator), both of these pressures can be used to calculate leakage.
  • this calculation can be very complicated, here is only a summary of the calculation principle of the leakage amount.
  • Seal leaks are a more complex issue. Fitting the interface accessories too tightly can cause pressure ulcers on the patient - in non-invasive ventilation patients, the incidence of mask pressure ulcers can be as high as 7% to 27%. If the interface accessories are worn too loosely, the leaked gas may blow to the patient's face, especially the eyes, causing discomfort to the patient, and wearing the interface accessories too loosely may also cause pressure loss and affect the therapeutic effect of the respiratory ventilation equipment.
  • the goal of the management of interface accessories is: timely detection of poor wearing of the interface accessories for prompting, prompting medical staff to intervene, so that the patient's comfort is relatively high, the air leakage is relatively small, the treatment effect is relatively good, and the safety is relatively high. , the interface accessories are more convenient to use.
  • interface accessories In the current clinical use, there are many kinds of interface accessories, even if it is a mask, there are a variety of masks, and the patient's fat, thinness and face shape are different, so different patients should be provided with personalized interface accessories to wear Provide more comfortable and effective ventilation therapy for patients. It should be noted that in this document, the interface accessory and the patient interface accessory are the same term.
  • the breathing ventilation apparatus includes a ventilation device 10 and a processor 30, and in some embodiments, may also include a display component 50;
  • the interface accessory 40 ventilates the patient to deliver a preset breathing gas.
  • the processor 30 can control ventilation parameters of the ventilation device 10, which in some embodiments include one or more of ventilation gas flow rate, ventilation gas pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate, and compliance.
  • the breathing ventilation device may be a ventilator, which is an artificial mechanical ventilation device used to assist or control the patient's spontaneous breathing movement, so as to achieve the function of gas exchange in the lungs, reduce the consumption of the human body, and facilitate the Recovery of respiratory function.
  • the ventilation device 10 may include an air source interface 11 , a breathing circuit and a breathing assistance device.
  • the breathing ventilation device can also be an electric ventilator, such as a turbo ventilator.
  • Patient interface accessories and breathing circuits can be either single-tube or dual-tube types.
  • the breathing circuit selectively communicates the air source interface 11 with the patient's breathing system.
  • the breathing circuit includes an expiratory branch 12 and an inspiratory branch 13.
  • the expiratory branch 12 is connected between the patient interface accessory 40 and the exhaust port 14 for directing exhaled breath from the patient to the exhaust port. 14.
  • the exhaust port 14 can lead to the external environment, or can be channeled into a dedicated gas recovery device.
  • the gas source interface 11 is used to connect with a gas source (not shown in the figure), and the gas source is used to provide gas, and the gas can usually be oxygen and air; in some embodiments, the gas source can be a compressed gas cylinder or a center Air supply source, which supplies air to the ventilator through the air source interface 11.
  • the types of air supply include oxygen and air.
  • the air source interface 11 can include pressure gauges, pressure regulators, flow meters, pressure reducing valves and air-oxygen ratio control. Conventional components, such as protective devices, are used to control the flow of various gases such as oxygen and air, respectively.
  • the inspiratory branch 13 is connected between the patient interface accessory 40 and the air source interface 11, and is used to provide oxygen or air to the patient, for example, the gas input from the air source interface 11 enters the inspiratory branch 13, and then passes through the patient interface accessory 40 into the patient's lungs.
  • the patient interface accessory 40 is used to connect the patient to the breathing circuit, in addition to introducing the gas delivered by the inspiratory branch 13 into the patient, it can also introduce the gas exhaled by the patient through the expiratory branch 12 to the patient.
  • Exhaust port 14 as described above, the patient interface accessory 40 may be a nasal mask, an oronasal mask, a face mask, or the like.
  • the breathing assistance device is connected to the air source interface 11 and the breathing circuit, and controls the delivery of the gas provided by the external air source to the patient through the breathing circuit; in some embodiments, the breathing assistance device may include an exhalation controller 15 and an inhalation controller 16, The gas controller 15 is disposed on the expiratory branch 12, and is used to turn on or close the expiratory branch 12 according to the instruction of the processor 30, or control the flow rate or pressure of the patient's exhaled gas.
  • the exhalation controller 12 may include one or more of the exhalation valve, one-way valve, flow controller, PEEP valve and other devices that can control the flow or pressure.
  • the suction controller 16 is arranged on the suction branch 13, and is used to turn on the suction branch 13 or close the suction branch 13 according to the instruction of the processor 30, or control the flow rate or pressure of the output gas.
  • the inhalation controller 16 may include one or more of devices that can control the flow or pressure, such as an exhalation valve, a one-way valve, or a flow controller.
  • the processor 30 is configured to execute instructions or programs to control various control valves in the breathing assistance device and/or the breathing circuit, or to process the received data to generate required calculation or judgment results, Alternatively, visualized data or graphs are generated, and the visualized data or graphs are output to the display unit 50 for display.
  • the display part 50 may be a display or a display screen or the like, such as a CRT display, a liquid crystal display, an LCD display or an LED display and the like.
  • the breathing ventilation device is a ventilator. It should be noted that the above Fig. 2 is only an example of a ventilator, which is not intended to limit the structure of the ventilator to only such a structure.
  • the ventilation device 10 in the respiratory ventilation apparatus of the present application may further include a flow sensor 01 and/or a pressure sensor 03, or the patient interface accessory 40 of the present application may also include a flow sensor 01 and/or a pressure sensor 03. /or pressure sensor 03.
  • the flow sensor 01 is used to collect the gas flow rate of the patient during ventilation.
  • the patient's gas flow rate during ventilation includes at least the patient's inspiratory flow rate.
  • the flow sensor 01 may be a flow sensor disposed at the patient end, such as a flow sensor disposed at the patient interface accessory 40 , and the gas flow rate is the gas flow rate collected by the flow sensor during inspiration.
  • the number of flow sensors 01 is multiple, including the inspiratory flow sensor and the expiratory flow sensor arranged at one end of the ventilation device 10, for example, for a ventilator, it may be arranged in the inspiratory branch 13.
  • the flow sensor 01 can also be a Ypiece flow sensor, and the gas flow rate is determined by directly measuring the inflow and outflow flow rates at the patient end.
  • the number of pressure sensors 03 is one or more.
  • the pressure sensor 03 is used to acquire relevant pressures during ventilation, such as one or more of airway pressure, intrathoracic pressure, carina pressure, intrapulmonary pressure, esophageal pressure, and intragastric pressure.
  • the pressure sensor 03 may be a catheter-type pressure sensor or an optical fiber-type pressure sensor, etc.
  • the pressure at the corresponding site can be taken.
  • the airway pressure can be collected by inserting the pressure sensor into the patient's airway
  • the esophageal pressure can be collected by inserting the pressure sensor into the esophagus
  • the intragastric pressure can be collected by inserting the pressure sensor into the stomach.
  • the pressure sensor is inserted into the carina inside the trachea, the carina pressure can be collected; if the pressure sensor is inserted into the stomach, the intragastric pressure can be collected; Intrathoracic pressure can be collected.
  • esophageal pressure can also be used as an approximate substitute for intrathoracic pressure
  • carina pressure can also be used as a substitute for intrapulmonary pressure, and so on.
  • the processor 30 may obtain and process the gas leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device and the recommended range of gas leakage volume.
  • the gas leakage amount is the patient leakage amount or the total leakage amount.
  • the total leakage includes patient leakage and system leakage. The meaning of each leakage has been clearly explained above and will not be repeated here.
  • the recommended range of the gas leakage amount can be set by the user, or it can be automatically determined and continuously updated, or it can be a built-in setting of the device. The specific description is given below.
  • the processor 30 may obtain the setting information input by the user through the user interface of the respiratory ventilation device to determine the recommended range.
  • the processor 30 obtains the ventilation parameters of the respiratory ventilation device, obtains the physiological parameters of the patient, and determines a recommended range of gas leakage according to at least one of the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters, and The recommended range is implemented to monitor the amount of gas leakage; in some embodiments, the recommended range can also be displayed by the display component 50 for the user to view, or the recommended range can be further set in the respiratory ventilation device. The specific description is given below.
  • ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation gas flow rate, ventilation gas pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, breathing frequency and compliance; ventilation parameters may be obtained by some sensors of the breathing ventilation device itself, etc. The acquisition may also be transmitted to the processor 30 by other external devices.
  • the physiological parameters include one or more of ECG, respiration, body temperature, blood oxygen, non-invasive blood pressure, invasive blood pressure parameters and carbon dioxide parameters; the physiological parameters may be obtained through some sensors of the respiratory ventilation device itself.
  • the acquisition may also be transmitted to the processor 30 by other external devices such as a monitor.
  • the carbon dioxide parameter in this context may be end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration or partial pressure, or arterial blood carbon dioxide concentration.
  • the processor 30 determines the recommended range of the gas leakage amount according to at least one of the ventilation parameters and the physiological parameters. There are various ways, which will be described below.
  • the processor 30 obtains the time point at which the ventilation parameter is abnormal when it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal; the processor 30 then obtains the corresponding time point of the patient interface accessory 40 corresponding to the above time point (ie, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal). leakage to determine the recommended range above. It should be noted that, if the relationship between a specific ventilation parameter and the leakage volume is synchronous, then the leakage volume corresponding to the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal refers to the leakage volume at the time point when the ventilation parameter abnormality occurs. For example, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal is t1, then the leakage amount corresponding to the time point t1 when the ventilation parameter is abnormal refers to the leakage amount at the time t1.
  • the change of the ventilation parameter lags the change of the leakage volume.
  • the corresponding change time point of the amount is the previous time t0, so the leakage amount corresponding to the time point t1 when the ventilation parameter is abnormal refers to the leakage amount at the time t0; similarly, for example, the change of the leakage amount lags the change of the ventilation parameter.
  • the time point of abnormal ventilation parameters is t1
  • the corresponding change time point of the leakage volume is the later time t2
  • the leakage corresponding to the time point t1 when the ventilation parameters are abnormal The amount refers to the leakage amount at time t2.
  • the processor 30 determines that the leakage amount corresponding to the above-mentioned time point (ie, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal) is within the current recommended range, and then determines a new recommended range according to a preset rule.
  • the abnormal ventilation parameter when the abnormal ventilation parameter is positively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if abnormal ventilation occurs If the ventilation parameter is abnormally low, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; when the abnormal ventilation parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is If the abnormal state is too high, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if the abnormal ventilation parameter is in a low abnormal state, at least decrease the upper limit of the current recommended range, to get a new recommended range.
  • a range may be set, and when the ventilation parameter is outside the range, it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the gas leakage with time and the variation of the ventilation gas pressure with time.
  • the ventilation gas pressure is negatively correlated with the leakage, and the ventilation gas pressure occurs at T1 in the figure. It is abnormal, and it is a low abnormal state. If the leakage amount corresponding to T1 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be corrected, that is, at least the upper limit of the current recommended range is reduced, so that the corresponding T1 Leakage is outside the new recommended range.
  • the ventilation gas pressure is negatively correlated with the leakage, which is synchronous. Therefore, the leakage corresponding to the time point T1 when the ventilation parameters are abnormal at this time refers to the leakage at the time T1.
  • the processor 30 obtains the time point at which the physiological parameter is abnormal when it is determined that the physiological parameter is abnormal; Determine the recommended range above. It should be noted that if the relationship between a specific physiological parameter and the leakage is synchronous, then the leakage corresponding to the time point when the physiological parameter is abnormal refers to the leakage at the time when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs. For example, the time point when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs is t1, then the leakage amount corresponding to the time point t1 when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs refers to the leakage amount at the time t1. If the relationship between a specific physiological parameter and the leakage is asynchronous, for example, the change of the physiological parameter lags the change of the leakage.
  • the corresponding change time point of the amount is the previous time t0, so the leakage amount corresponding to the time point t1 when the physiological parameter is abnormal refers to the leakage amount at the time t0; similarly, for example, the change of the leakage amount lags the change of the physiological parameter.
  • the time point of abnormal physiological parameters is t1
  • the corresponding change time point of the leakage volume is the later time t2
  • the amount refers to the leakage amount at time t2.
  • the processor 30 determines that the leakage amount corresponding to the above-mentioned time point (ie, the time point when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs) is within the current recommended range, and then determines a new recommended range according to a preset rule.
  • the abnormal physiological parameter when the abnormal physiological parameter is positively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if abnormality occurs When the abnormal physiological parameter is in a low abnormal state, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; when the abnormal physiological parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal physiological parameter is If the abnormal state is too high, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, at least reduce the upper limit of the current recommended range, to get a new recommended range.
  • a range may be set, and when the physiological parameter is outside the range, it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal.
  • Fig. 5(a) is a graph showing the change of gas leakage amount with time and the graph of blood oxygen parameter changing with time.
  • the blood oxygen parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage amount.
  • the oxygen parameter is abnormal and is in a high abnormal state. If the leakage amount corresponding to T2 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be revised, that is, at least the lower limit of the current recommended range should be raised so that The leakage corresponding to T2 is outside the new recommended range. It can be seen from the figure that the blood oxygen parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage volume.
  • the leakage volume is too large, it may cause insufficient ventilation, resulting in a decrease in the blood oxygen parameter; the change of the blood oxygen parameter lags behind the leakage volume.
  • the time point when the blood oxygen parameter is abnormal is T2, and the change time point corresponding to the leakage amount is the previous time point T1. Therefore, the leakage amount corresponding to the time point T2 when the blood oxygen parameter abnormality occurs at this time refers to the time point at T1. time leakage.
  • FIG. 5(b) is a graph of the change of gas leakage with time and the curve of carbon dioxide parameters with time.
  • the carbon dioxide parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage.
  • the carbon dioxide parameter at T4 is abnormal and is abnormally high. If the leakage amount corresponding to T4 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be revised, that is, at least the lower limit of the current recommended range should be raised. value, so that the leakage amount corresponding to T4 is outside the new recommended range. It can be seen from the figure that the carbon dioxide parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage.
  • the leakage amount corresponding to the time point T4 when the blood oxygen parameter abnormality occurs at this time refers to the leakage amount at time T3.
  • a visual graph is used to display the relationship between the gas leakage amount and the recommended range, which will be described in detail below.
  • the processor 30 generates a visualization graph according to the obtained gas leakage amount and the obtained recommended range of the gas leakage amount, and the visualized graph at least represents the value of the gas leakage amount, the recommended range, and the relationship between the gas leakage amount and the recommended range;
  • the display part 50 is used to display the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • the above-mentioned recommended range further includes a sub-range that is more recommended than other ranges in the recommended range, and the sub-range is displayed through the above-mentioned visual graph; or, the above-mentioned recommended range also includes a sub-range that is more recommended than other values in the recommended range recommended recommended value, and the recommended value is displayed through the visual graph.
  • the visual graph can represent the position where the real-time value of the gas leakage amount is in the recommended range, and show the relationship between the two, so that the user can intuitively see whether the gas leakage amount is appropriate, and judge whether the interface accessories such as the mask are suitable for wearing.
  • the visualization graph is described below.
  • the visual graphics may include a dashboard-type graphics
  • the dashboard-type graphics include at least a segment of an arc 61 representing a gas leakage interval.
  • the arc 61 has a numerical value representing the amount of gas leakage corresponding to the arc—for example, numbers 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 in the figure, and their units are L/min.
  • the dashboard graphic also includes a first graphic 62 representing the recommended range; in some embodiments, the first graphic 62 is a segment on the arc 61 that is displayed differently from other segments of the arc—for example, in a different Display of color and/or filling pattern, etc., Fig.
  • the instrument panel graphic further includes an indicator 63 for indicating the current value of the gas leakage by the circular arc.
  • the indicator 63 may be a pointer pointing to the circular arc 61 .
  • the numerical value of the current value of the gas leakage amount is displayed in the instrument panel graph, for example, "leakage amount 15L/min" in Fig. 6(a) and Fig. 6(b), that is, the current value of the gas leakage amount Or real-time values.
  • the indicator 63 when the current value of the gas leakage amount is less than the lower limit value of the recommended range, the indicator 63 has a first color—for example, yellow ; When the current value of the gas leakage amount is within the recommended range, the indicator 63 has a second color—for example, blue; when the current value of the gas leakage amount is greater than the upper limit of the recommended range, the indicator 63 has a third color— For example red.
  • the instrument panel graph may also include a second graph 64 representing the sub-range, when the first graph 62 is a
  • the second graphic 64 can also be a segment on the arc 61—for example, FIG. 7(a) is an example, when the first graphic 62 is a fan-shaped graphic corresponding to the arc 61, the second graphic 64 can also be A fan-shaped graphic corresponding to the arc 61—for example, FIG. 7( b ) is an example, and a fan-shaped graphic delineated by a dotted line in the figure is the second graphic 64 .
  • the dashboard-type graph may further include a second graph 64 representing the recommended value, such as a graph on the arc 61 representing the recommended value.
  • a second graph 64 representing the recommended value, such as a graph on the arc 61 representing the recommended value.
  • the visualized graph is realized by the dashboard-type graph.
  • the visualized graph can also be realized by the bar graph, which will be described in detail below.
  • the above-mentioned visualization graph includes a bar graph
  • the bar graph includes a column segment 71 representing the gas leakage amount, a first graph 72 representing the above-mentioned recommended range, and an indication for indicating the current value of the gas leakage amount device 73.
  • the columnar segment 71 has a numerical value representing the gas leakage amount corresponding to the columnar segment—for example, numbers 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 in the figure, and their units are L/min.
  • the first graphic 72 representing the recommended range is a segment on the columnar segment 71, and the segment is displayed in a manner different from other segments of the columnar segment 71—for example, displayed in a different color and/or filling pattern.
  • the indicator 73 can be an arrow pointing to the columnar segment 71.
  • the indicator 71 also has a value near the indicator 71 that represents the current value of the gas leakage—for example, “leakage 18L/min” in FIG. 7, which is the gas leakage The current or real-time value of .
  • the indicator 73 when the current value of the gas leakage amount is less than the lower limit value of the recommended range, the indicator 73 has a first color—for example, yellow ; When the current value of the gas leakage amount is within the recommended range, the indicator 73 has a second color—for example, blue; when the current value of the gas leakage amount is greater than the upper limit of the recommended range, the indicator 73 has a third color— For example red.
  • the above bar graph may also include a second graph 74 representing the sub-range, when the first graph 72 is a segment on the bar segment 71 , the second graphic 74 can also be a segment on the columnar segment 71—for example, FIG. 10( a ) is an example.
  • the above bar graph may further include a second graph 74 representing the recommended value, such as a segment on the bar segment 71 representing the recommended value Or a scale, Figure 10(b) is an example.
  • the gas leakage amount may be the patient leakage amount, and the patient leakage amount can more accurately represent the wearing state of the mask than the total leakage amount.
  • directly displaying the leakage of the patient can allow medical staff to obtain more intuitive information. Compared with displaying the total leakage, the medical staff does not need to estimate the leakage of the system.
  • the above are some descriptions about the display part 50 of the respiratory ventilation device displaying the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • the visual graphics in this article can be displayed on the main interface, or can be displayed in a pop-up window interface when the user invokes the related functions of the interface accessory 40 to wear and adjust. Therefore, in some embodiments, the processor 30 acquires the control instruction input to the respiratory ventilation device, and generates and displays a pop-up window interface according to the control instruction, so as to display the above-mentioned visual graph.
  • the processor 30 generates the visualization according to the amount of gas leakage and the recommended range of gas leakage.
  • the processor 30 generates wearing status information and/or adjustment suggestion information according to the gas leakage amount and the recommended range of the gas leakage amount, and the wearing status information and/or adjustment suggestion information may be displayed on the display through a prompt sound or It is communicated to the user by the way on the part 50 , or by a combination of both the prompt sound and the way of being displayed on the display part 50 .
  • the wearing status information includes at least one of the following:
  • the wearing state information indicating that the patient interface accessory is worn too loosely, and/or the wearing state information indicating that the current ventilation treatment may be poor is generated.
  • the adjustment suggestion information is used to instruct the adjustment of the patient interface accessory 40.
  • the processor 30 can first generate the wearing status information according to the gas leakage amount and the recommended range of the gas leakage amount, and then generate the adjustment suggestion information according to the wearing status information, or directly according to The gas leakage amount and the recommended range of the gas leakage amount are used to generate adjustment suggestion information.
  • the adjustment suggestion information includes at least one of the following:
  • adjustment suggestion information indicating that the user is advised to tighten the patient interface accessory is generated.
  • FIGS. 11( a ), 11 ( b ) and 11 ( c ) are some examples of displaying both the wearing state information and the adjustment suggestion information in combination with the above-mentioned visualization graphs. Understandably, during the process of wearing or adjusting the interface accessory 40 by the patient, the information used to represent the real-time gas leakage in the visual graph also changes in real time, and the wearing status information and adjustment advice information also change in real time.
  • the gas leak is either the patient leak or the total leak; in some examples, the visualization graph includes a graph corresponding to one or more of the patient leak and the total leak.
  • Figure 12 is an example, the visualization graph includes a graph corresponding to the patient leakage and a graph corresponding to the total leakage.
  • dashboard-style graphics of patient leakage and total leakage are displayed adjacently, such as side-by-side/top-bottom side-by-side.
  • Figure 12 shows an embodiment where both patient leakage and total leakage correspond to their respective recommended ranges.
  • Fig. 12-1 shows another embodiment, since the leakage of the patient is compared with the recommended range, the wearing condition of the mask can already be determined. Therefore, the recommended range may not be set for the total leakage amount.
  • Dashboard-style graphs of total leaks are displayed adjacent for user reference. The dashboard-style graph of the total leakage represents the full range of the total gas leakage, as well as the current total gas leakage of the acquired respiratory ventilation equipment.
  • the graph of total leakage may be smaller in size than the graph of patient leakage for user reference.
  • Figure 12-2 shows another embodiment where the patient leak is displayed side-by-side with a dashboard-style graph of total leak, with the graph of total leak displayed on the periphery of the graph of patient leak.
  • the instrument panel graph of patient leakage includes an arc representing the full range of patient leakage, a first graph representing the recommended range, and a pointer for indicating the current value of patient leakage; a meter for total leakage
  • the disc graph includes an arc representing the full range of the total gas leakage, and a pointer for indicating the current value of the total gas leakage.
  • the graph of patient leakage may be displayed on the periphery of the graph of total leakage.
  • the visualization graphs corresponding to the patient leakage amount and the total leakage amount may be regarded as a whole graph, or may be regarded as two independent graphs displayed simultaneously. Also, the visualization graphs corresponding to patient leakage and total leakage can be displayed using the same or different graphs.
  • the processor 30 also generates a graph of the amount of gas leakage over time according to the amount of gas leakage, and generates a graph of the ventilation parameter over time according to the ventilation parameter, and combines the graph of the amount of gas leakage over time with the ventilation.
  • the curve graphs of the parameters changing with time are displayed in a centralized manner.
  • the centralized display here refers to displaying these curve graphs in a relatively centralized area, rather than making them scattered everywhere. In this way, users can display them in a relatively centralized "small" Areas” to view these graphs centrally for comparison and decision making,
  • Figure 13 is an example, showing a graph of gas leakage versus time and ventilation gas pressure versus time.
  • a breathing ventilation device to indicate the wearing state of a patient interface accessory;
  • the breathing ventilation device involved in the method may be the breathing ventilation device disclosed herein, for example, the breathing ventilation device passes through a tube
  • the circuit is connected to the patient interface accessory for ventilating the patient through the patient interface accessory.
  • the method for indicating the wearing status of the patient interface accessory by the breathing ventilation device includes the following steps:
  • Step 110 Obtain the gas leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device.
  • Step 130 Obtain the recommended range of gas leakage.
  • the recommended range of the amount of gas leakage can be set manually by the user, or automatically set by the system, or even updated, or it can be a built-in setting.
  • step 130 may acquire setting information input by the user through the user interface of the respiratory ventilation device to determine the recommended range.
  • step 130 may determine the recommended range of gas leakage according to at least one of ventilation parameters and physiological parameters.
  • ventilation parameters include one or more of ventilation gas flow rate, ventilation gas pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, breathing frequency and compliance; ventilation parameters may be obtained by some sensors of the breathing ventilation device itself, etc.
  • the acquisition can also be transmitted by other external equipment to the respiratory ventilation equipment.
  • Physiological parameters may include one or more of ECG, respiration, body temperature, blood oxygen, non-invasive blood pressure, invasive blood pressure parameters, and carbon dioxide parameters; physiological parameters may be obtained through some sensors of the respiratory ventilation device itself, or It is transmitted from other external devices such as monitors to respiratory ventilation equipment.
  • step 130 when it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal is obtained; in step 130, the leakage amount corresponding to the above time point (ie, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal) is obtained to determine the above recommended range. .
  • step 130 determines that the leakage amount corresponding to the above-mentioned time point (ie, the time point when the ventilation parameter is abnormal) is within the current recommended range, and then a new recommended range is determined according to a preset rule.
  • the abnormal ventilation parameter when the abnormal ventilation parameter is positively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if abnormal ventilation occurs If the ventilation parameter is abnormally low, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; when the abnormal ventilation parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal ventilation parameter is If the abnormal state is too high, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if the abnormal ventilation parameter is in a low abnormal state, at least decrease the upper limit of the current recommended range, to get a new recommended range. It can be understood that if the ventilation parameter is abnormal, a range may be set, and when the ventilation parameter is outside the range, it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal.
  • the ventilation gas pressure is negatively correlated with the leakage amount.
  • the ventilation gas is at T1
  • the pressure is abnormal and is in a low abnormal state. If the leakage amount corresponding to T1 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be corrected, that is, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range so that T1 The corresponding leakage is outside the new recommended range.
  • step 130 when it is determined that the physiological parameter is abnormal, step 130 obtains the time point at which the abnormal physiological parameter occurs; step 130 then obtains the leakage amount corresponding to the above time point (ie, the time point when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs) to determine the above Recommended range. In a specific embodiment, step 130 determines that the leakage amount corresponding to the above-mentioned time point (ie, the time point when the abnormal physiological parameter occurs) is within the current recommended range, and then a new recommended range is determined according to a preset rule.
  • the abnormal physiological parameter when the abnormal physiological parameter is positively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal physiological parameter is a high abnormal state, at least lower the upper limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if abnormality occurs When the abnormal physiological parameter is in a low abnormal state, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; when the abnormal physiological parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage: if the abnormal physiological parameter is If the abnormal state is too high, at least increase the lower limit of the current recommended range to obtain a new recommended range; if the abnormal physiological parameter is a low abnormal state, at least reduce the upper limit of the current recommended range, to get a new recommended range.
  • a range may be set, and when the physiological parameter is outside the range, it is determined that the ventilation parameter is abnormal.
  • FIG. 5(a) is a graph of the change of gas leakage with time and a graph of blood oxygen parameters with time.
  • blood oxygen parameters are negatively correlated with leakage.
  • T2 The blood oxygen parameter is abnormal and is abnormally high. If the leakage amount corresponding to T2 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be revised, that is, at least the lower limit of the current recommended range should be raised. , so that the leakage amount corresponding to T2 is outside the new recommended range.
  • FIG. 5(b) is a graph of the change of gas leakage with time and the curve of carbon dioxide parameters with time.
  • the carbon dioxide parameter is negatively correlated with the leakage.
  • the carbon dioxide parameter at T4 is abnormal and is abnormally high. If the leakage amount corresponding to T4 is within the current recommended range at this time, it means that the current recommended range needs to be revised, that is, at least the lower limit of the current recommended range should be raised. value, so that the leakage amount corresponding to T4 is outside the new recommended range.
  • the above-mentioned recommended range further includes a sub-range that is more recommended than other ranges within the recommended range, and the sub-range is displayed through the visual graph in step 150 below; Other values are more recommended recommended values, and the recommended values are displayed through the visual graph in step 150 below.
  • Step 150 Generate a visual graph according to the gas leakage amount and the recommended range; the visual graph at least characterizes the value of the gas leakage amount, the recommended range, and the relationship between the gas leakage amount and the recommended range.
  • the visual graph can represent the position where the real-time value of the gas leakage amount is in the recommended range, and show the relationship between the two, so that the user can intuitively see whether the gas leakage amount is appropriate, and judge whether the interface accessories such as the mask are suitable for wearing.
  • the visual graph can be a dashboard-style graph, or a bar chart, etc.
  • FIG. 8(a), FIG. 8(b), FIG. 9, FIG. 10(a), and FIG. 10(b), etc. will not be repeated here.
  • Step 170 Display the visualization in step 150.
  • step 170 acquires a control instruction input to the respiratory ventilation device, and generates and displays a pop-up window interface according to the control instruction, so as to display the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • the method for indicating the wearing state of the patient interface accessory by the respiratory ventilation device includes the following steps:
  • Step 110 Obtain the gas leakage volume of the respiratory ventilation device.
  • Step 130 Obtain the recommended range of gas leakage.
  • Step 190 According to the gas leakage amount and the recommended range, generate wearing status information, and/or adjustment suggestion information indicating adjustment of the patient interface accessory.
  • the wearing status information and/or the adjustment suggestion information may be communicated to the user by means of beeping or being displayed, or a combination of beeping and being displayed.
  • the wearing status information includes at least one of the following:
  • the wearing state information indicating that the patient interface accessory is worn too loosely, and/or the wearing state information indicating that the current ventilation treatment may be poor is generated.
  • the adjustment suggestion information is used to instruct the adjustment of the patient interface accessory 40.
  • the processor 30 can first generate the wearing status information according to the gas leakage amount and the recommended range of the gas leakage amount, and then generate the adjustment suggestion information according to the wearing status information, or directly according to The gas leakage amount and the recommended range of the gas leakage amount are used to generate adjustment suggestion information.
  • the adjustment suggestion information includes at least one of the following:
  • adjustment suggestion information indicating that the user is advised to tighten the patient interface accessory is generated.
  • the method for the respiratory ventilation device to indicate the wearing status of the patient interface accessory may further comprise a step of displaying the real-time value and recommended range of the gas leakage amount.
  • the two values may be simply displayed, or it may be displayed by, for example, a visual graph. Therefore, in some embodiments, the ones shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 may be displayed.
  • a combination of methods and steps, ie, a method for a respiratory ventilation device to indicate the wearing status of a patient interface accessory in some embodiments may include steps 110 , 130 , 150 , 170 , and 190 .
  • both the wearing state information and the adjustment suggestion information can be displayed together in combination with the above-mentioned visual graphics.
  • Fig. 11(a), Fig. 11(b) and Fig. 11(c) above are some examples of displaying the wearing status information and the adjustment suggestion information in combination with the visual graphics in step 150. Understandably, during the process of wearing or adjusting the interface accessory 40 by the patient, the information used to represent the real-time gas leakage in the visual graph also changes in real time, and the wearing status information and adjustment advice information also change in real time.
  • the gas leak is either the patient leak or the total leak; in some examples, the visualization graph includes a graph corresponding to one or more of the patient leak and the total leak.
  • Figure 12 above is an example, and the visualization graph includes a graph corresponding to the patient leakage and a graph corresponding to the total leakage.
  • the method for indicating the wearing state of the patient interface accessory by the breathing ventilation device further includes the following steps:
  • Step 210 Generate a graph of the gas leakage amount changing with time according to the gas leakage amount.
  • Step 230 Acquire the ventilation parameters of the breathing ventilation device, and generate a graph of the ventilation parameters changing with time according to the ventilation parameters.
  • Step 250 Centrally display the graph of the gas leakage amount changing with time and the graph of the ventilation parameter changing with time.
  • the centralized display in step 250 refers to displaying these graphs in a relatively concentrated area, rather than making them scattered everywhere, so that the user can view these graphs in a relatively concentrated "small area” , so as to facilitate comparison and decision-making.
  • Figure 13 above is an example, showing a graph of gas leakage versus time and a graph of ventilation gas pressure versus time.
  • the respiratory ventilation device obtains the gas leakage amount of the respiratory ventilation device, obtain the recommended range of the gas leakage amount, and compare the two performing processing, such as generating a visualization of a value representing the amount of gas leakage, the recommended range, and the relationship between the amount of gas leakage and the recommended range, or, generating wearing status information, or, generating adjustment recommendation information indicating adjustment of the patient interface accessory,
  • the interface accessory can be well worn by the patient.
  • any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD to ROM, DVD, Blu Ray disks, etc.), flash memory, and/or the like .
  • These computer program instructions may be loaded on a general purpose computer, special purpose computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to form a machine such that execution of the instructions on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus may generate means for implementing the specified functions.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that instructs a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory form a piece of Articles of manufacture, including implementing means for implementing specified functions.
  • Computer program instructions may also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operational steps on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that a process executed on the computer or other programmable device Instructions may provide steps for implementing specified functions.
  • the term “comprising” and any other variations thereof are non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device including a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also not expressly listed or included in the process , method, system, article or other elements of a device.
  • the term “coupled” and any other variations thereof refer to physical connections, electrical connections, magnetic connections, optical connections, communication connections, functional connections, and/or any other connection.

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Abstract

一种呼吸通气设备及其指示患者接口附件(40)佩戴状态的方法，获取呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和病人泄漏量的推荐范围(110，130)，根据所获取的呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和推荐范围生成可视化图形(150)；可视化图形至少表征所获取的呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量、推荐范围、以及气体泄漏量与推荐范围的关系；显示可视化图形(170)。可视化图形可以使得用户直观的获知患者接口附件(40)的佩戴状态。

Description

呼吸通气设备及其指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种呼吸通气设备和呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法。
 背景技术
在呼吸通气设备（例如呼吸机）使用过程中，接口附件（例如面罩）作为呼吸通气设备和患者之间的介质，直接关系着患者使用呼吸通气设备是否舒适和有效。接口附件可以是诸如鼻罩、口鼻罩或面罩等。
不妨以呼吸机配合面罩为例，在进行无创呼吸治疗时，其治疗对象即患者一般都具有清醒的意识，面罩佩戴不良会直接影响患者治疗期间的舒适度，也会影响呼吸机的治疗效果。
因此，对患者接口附件佩戴状态进行管理是十分有必要的。
 技术问题
本发明提供一种呼吸通气设备和呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法，下面具体说明。
 技术解决方案
根据第一方面，一种实施例中提供一种呼吸通气设备，包括：
通气装置，所述通气装置通过通气管路与患口接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体；
处理器，用于控制所述通气装置的通气参数，以及获取所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和病人泄漏量的推荐范围；所述处理器还根据所述获取的所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围生成第一可视化图形；所述第一可视化图形至少表征所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量，所述推荐范围，以及所述病人泄漏量与所述推荐范围的关系；
显示部件，用于显示所述第一可视化图形。
根据第二方面，一种实施例中提供一种呼吸通气设备，包括：
通气装置，所述通气装置通过通气管路与患口接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体；
处理器，获取所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和病人泄漏量的推荐范围，根据所述病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息和/或指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
根据第三方面，一种实施例中提供一种呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法，所述呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，所述方法包括：
获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，和所述气体泄漏量的推荐范围；
根据所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围生成可视化图形；所述可视化图形至少表征所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，所述推荐范围，以及所述气体泄漏量与所述推荐范围的关系；
显示所述可视化图形。
根据第四方面，一种实施例中提供一种呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法，所述呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，所述方法包括：
获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，和气体泄漏量的推荐范围；
根据所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息，和/或指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
根据第五方面，一种实施例中提供呼吸通气设备，包括：
通气装置，所述通气装置通过通气管路与患口接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体；
处理器，所述处理器用于控制所述通气装置以预设的通气参数向所述患者输送呼吸气体；以及
用于获取所述通气参数和所述患者的生理参数；根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种，确定所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量的推荐范围；并执行所述推荐范围，以对所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量进行监测。
一实施例中，所述处理器确定到所述通气参数发生异常时，获取通气参数发生异常的时间点；所述处理器获取与所述时间点对应的泄漏量，以确定所述推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述处理器确定到所述生理参数发生异常时，获取生理参数发生异常的时间点；所述处理器获取与所述时间点所对应的泄漏量，以确定所述推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述处理器确定到与所述时间点所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述处理器根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围，包括：
当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则所述处理器至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则所述处理器至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则所述处理器至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则所述处理器至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则所述处理器至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则所述处理器至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则所述处理器至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则所述处理器至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者；所述生理参数包括血氧参数和二氧化碳参数中的一者或多者。
一实施例中，所述的呼吸通气设备还包括显示部件，用于显示所确定的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量，所述总泄漏量包括所述病人泄漏量和系统泄漏量。
根据第六方面，一种实施例提供一种呼吸通气设备关于患者接口附件的设置方法，所述呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，所述设置方法包括：
获取所述呼吸通气设备的通气参数；
获取所述患者的生理参数；
根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种，确定所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量的推荐范围；
执行所述推荐范围，以对所述气体泄漏量进行监测。
一实施例中，所述根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种，确定所述气体泄漏量的推荐范围，包括：
确定到所述通气参数发生异常时，获取通气参数发生异常的时间点；
获取与所述时间点对应的泄漏量，以确定所述推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种，确定所述气体泄漏量的推荐范围，包括：
确定到所述生理参数发生异常时，获取生理参数发生异常的时间点；
获取与所述时间点所对应的泄漏量，以确定所述推荐范围。
一实施例中，获取与所述时间点所对应的泄漏量，以确定所述推荐范围，包括：
确定到与所述时间点所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述预设规则包括：
当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；
当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高所述当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低所述当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到所述新的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者；所述生理参数包括血氧参数和二氧化碳参数中的一者或多者。
一实施例中，所述的设置方法还包括：显示所确定的推荐范围。
一实施例中，所述气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量，所述总泄漏量包括所述病人泄漏量和系统泄漏量。
根据第七方面，一种实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序，所述程序能够被处理器执行以实现如本文中任一实施例所述的方法。
 附图说明
图1为一种实施例的呼吸通气设备的结构示意图；
图2为一种实施例的呼吸通气设备为呼吸机时的结构示意图；
图3为另一种实施例的呼吸通气设备的结构示意图；
图4为根据通气参数来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围的一个例子；
图5（a）和图5（b）为根据生理参数来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围的两个例子；
图6（a）和图6（b）为可视化图形可以包括仪表盘式图形的两个示意图；
图7（a）和图7（b）为可视化图形可以包括仪表盘式图形的两个示意图；
图8（a）和图8（b）为可视化图形可以包括仪表盘式图形的两个示意图；
图9为可视化图形包括柱状图的一个示意图；
图10（a）和图10（b）为可视化图形可以包括柱状图的两个示意图
图11（a）、图11（b）和图11（c）为将佩戴状态信息、调节建议信息这两者结合上述可视化图形来一起显示的三个例子；
图12为一种实施例中可视化图形包括对应病人泄漏量的一个图形，和对应总泄漏量的一个图形的示意图；
图12-1为一种实施例中可视化图形包括对应病人泄漏量的一个图形，和对应总泄漏量的一个图形的示意图；
图12-2为一种实施例中可视化图形包括对应病人泄漏量的一个图形，和对应总泄漏量的一个图形的示意图；
图13为将气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气气体压力随时间变化的曲线图集中显示的一个例子；
图14为一种实施例的呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法的流程图；
图15为另一种实施例的呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法的流程图；
图16为又一种实施例的呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法的流程图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中，很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而，本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到，其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的，或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下，本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述，这是为了避免本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没，而对于本领域技术人员而言，详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的，他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外，说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时，方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此，说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例，并不意味着是必须的顺序，除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接（联接）。
患者接口附件的佩戴，主要涉及到漏气问题。从呼吸通气设备的角度来看，其气体泄漏的类型大致可以分为故意泄漏（也称系统泄漏）和非故意泄漏（也称病人泄漏）。接口附件上的呼气阀或排气阀等带来的泄漏是故意的泄漏，也是必要的泄漏，这可以降低患者对二氧化碳的重复吸入；患者张口呼吸引起的泄漏是非故意泄漏，但是通气设备可以补偿这部分泄漏的气流，使用例如全脸面罩这类型的接口附件也可以降低张口呼吸带来的漏气的影响，因此张口呼吸带来的漏气影响较小；还有一种是密封泄漏，也是非故意泄漏，密封泄漏大多发生在接口附件与患者面部接触的位置，这种泄漏如果漏气量很大，则会影响到呼吸通气设备压力的稳定。呼吸通气设备的总泄漏则可以包括系统泄漏和病人泄漏。当然，可以理解地，当出现故障例如呼吸通气设备有管路连接松动等，有可能会出现这种故障性的泄漏，这种泄漏也可以归类到非故意泄漏，这也会反应到总泄漏量里面，一般地，系统能够识别到这种故障性的泄漏，并提示用户来进行排除故障。对于某一通气设备来讲，通常系统泄漏是一个固定的常量。
在一实施例中，病人泄漏量可以通过监测通气设备的通气压力和流速计算得到。例如，通过通气压力和流速先计算得到总泄漏量，再将总泄漏量减去系统泄漏量，从而得到病人泄漏量。具体的，通气设备通常会具有两个传感器，一个用于监测设备端的通气压力，另一个用于监测近病人端的通气压力（例如通过一根连通到面罩内的管，管的另一端连接到设置在通气设备内的传感器），这两个压力均可用于计算泄漏量。当然，实际上这种计算可以是很复杂的，这里仅是总结了泄漏量的计算原理。
密封泄漏是一个比较复杂的问题。接口附件佩戴过紧，可能对患者造成压疮——在无创通气患者中，面罩压疮的发生率可达7%到27%。接口附件佩戴过松，泄漏的气体可能会吹向患者的脸尤其是眼睛，让患者感到不适，并且接口附件佩戴过松也有可能会造成压力的损失，影响呼吸通气设备的治疗效果。
因此，在呼吸通气设备的使用过程中，对接口附件进行管理是十分必要的。接口附件管理需要达到的目标是：及时发现接口附件佩戴不良以进行提示，促使医护人员来进行干预，使得患者的舒服度比较高，漏气量比较小，治疗效果比较好，安全地性比较高，接口附件使用比较方便等。
在目前临床使用中，接口附件多种多样，即使是面罩，也有多种多样的面罩，并且患者的胖瘦和脸型等更是各不相同，因此应该为不同的患者提供个性化的接口附件佩戴指导，为患者提供更加舒适和有效的通气治疗等。需要说明的是，本文中接口附件和患者接口附件为同一术语。
在说明本发明前，先对呼吸通气设备进行说明。请参照图1，一些实施例中呼吸通气设备包括通气装置10和处理器30，一些实施例中还可以包括显示部件50；通气装置10通过通气管路与患者接口附件40连接，用于通过患者接口附件40向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体。处理器30能够控制通气装置10的通气参数，一些实施例中，通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者。
一些实施例中呼吸通气设备可以是呼吸机，呼吸机是一种人工的机械通气装置，用以辅助或控制患者的自主呼吸运动，以达到肺内气体交换的功能，降低人体的消耗，以利于呼吸功能的恢复。请参照图2，一些实施例中通气装置10可以包括气源接口11、呼吸回路和呼吸辅助装置。当然，在其他实施例中，呼吸通气设备也可以是电动呼吸机，例如涡轮呼吸机。患者接口附件和呼吸回路可以是单管类型，也可以是双管类型。
呼吸回路将气源接口11和患者的呼吸系统选择性连通。一些实施例中呼吸回路包括呼气支路12和吸气支路13，呼气支路12连接在患者接口附件40和排气口14之间，用于将患者呼出的气导出到排气口14。排气口14可以通到外界环境，也可以通道专用的气体回收装置中。气源接口11用于与气源（图中未示出）连接，气源用以提供气体，该气体通常可采用氧气和空气等；一些实施例中，该气源可以采用压缩气瓶或中心供气源，通过气源接口11为呼吸机供气，供气种类有氧气和空气等，气源接口11中可以包括压力表、压力调节器、流量计、减压阀和空气-氧气比例调控保护装置等常规组件，分别用于控制各种气体（例如氧气和空气）的流量。吸气支路13连接在患者接口附件40和气源接口11之间，用于为患者提供氧气或空气，例如从气源接口11输入的气体进入吸气支路13中，然后通过患者接口附件40进入患者的肺部。一些实施例中，患者接口附件40是用于将患者连接到呼吸回路，除了将由吸气支路13传输过来的气体导入到患者外，还可以将患者呼出的气体通过呼气支路12导入到排气口14；如上所述，患者接口附件40可以是鼻罩、口鼻罩或面罩等。
呼吸辅助装置与气源接口11和呼吸回路连接，控制将外部气源提供的气体通过呼吸回路输送给患者；一些实施例中呼吸辅助装置可以包括呼气控制器15和吸气控制器16，呼气控制器15设置在呼气支路12上，用于根据处理器30的指令接通呼气支路12或关闭呼气支路12，或控制患者呼出气体的流速或压力。具体实现时，呼气控制器12可以包括呼气阀、单向阀、流量控制器、PEEP阀等能实现对流量或压力控制的器件中的一个或多个。吸气控制器16设置在吸气支路13上，用于根据处理器30的指令接通吸气支路13或关闭吸气支路13，或控制输出气体的流速或压力。具体实现时，吸气控制器16可以包括呼气阀、单向阀或流量控制器等能实现对流量或压力控制的器件中的一个或多个。
一些实施例中，处理器30用于执行指令或程序，对呼吸辅助装置和/或呼吸回路中的各种控制阀进行控制，或对接收的数据进行处理，生成所需要的计算或判断结果，或者生成可视化数据或图形，并将可视化数据或图形输出给显示部件50进行显示。显示部件50可以是显示器或显示屏等，例如CRT显示器，液晶显示器、LCD显示器或LED显示器等。
以上是呼吸通气设备为呼吸机的一些描述，需要说明的是，上面图2只是呼吸机的一种例子，这并不用于限定呼吸机只能是如此的结构。
一些实施例中，请参照图3，本申请的呼吸通气设备中的通气装置10还可以包括流量传感器01和/或压力传感器03，或者，本申请的患者接口附件40也可以包括流量传感器01和/或压力传感器03。
流量传感器01用于采集患者在通气过程中的气体流速。一些实施例中，患者在通气过程中的气体流速至少包括患者的吸气流速。一些实施例中，流量传感器01可以是设置于患者端的流量传感器，例如设置于患者接口附件40处的流量传感器，所述气体流速为该流量传感器在吸气期间所采集的气体流速。一些实施例中，流量传感器01的数量为多个，包括设置于通气装置10这一端的吸气流量传感器和呼气流量传感器，例如对于呼吸机来讲，可以是设置于吸气支路13中的吸气流量传感器和设置于呼气支路12中的呼气流量传感器；所述气体流速为所述吸气流量传感器和呼气流量传感器在吸气期间所采集的流速的差。一些实施例中流量传感器01也可以是Ypiece流量传感器，通过直接测量患者端流进和流出的流速作为所述气体流速。
一些实施例中压力传感器03的数量为一个或多个。压力传感器03用于采集在通气过程中相关的压力，例如气道压、胸腔内压、隆突压、肺内压、食道压和胃内压中的一种或多种。
一些实施例中，压力传感器03可以是导管式压力传感器或者光纤式压力传感器等，通过将压力传感器伸入到患者呼吸系统相应位点，就可以采取到相应位点的压力。例如将压力传感器伸入到患者的气道则可以采集到气道压，将压力传感器伸入到食道中则可以采集到食道压，将压力传感器伸入到胃内则可以采集到胃内压，将压力传感器伸入到气管内部的隆突处，则可以采集到隆突压，将压力传感器伸入到胃内则可以采集到胃内压，将压力传感器通过创切口等伸入到胸腔内则可以采集到胸腔内压。当然，也可以采用食道压来近似替代胸腔内压，还可以采用隆突压来代替肺内压，等等。
为了管理接口附件40，处理器30可以获取呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围，并对这两者进行处理。本申请实施例中，气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量。总泄漏量包括病人泄漏量和系统泄漏量，各泄漏量的含义在上文中已有明确说明，在此不再赘述。
气体泄漏量的推荐范围可以是由用户来设置，也可以是被自动确定以及不断更新，也可以是设备内置的设置。下面具体说明。
一些实施例中，处理器30可以通过所述呼吸通气设备的用户交互界面获取用户输入的设置信息，以确定推荐范围。
一些实施例中，处理器30获取所述呼吸通气设备的通气参数，获取所述患者的生理参数，并根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种，确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围，以及执行该推荐范围，以对气体泄漏量进行监测；一些实施例中还可以通过显示部件50来显示推荐范围，以供用户查看，或者进一步将推荐范围设置到呼吸通气设备中。下面具体说明。
如上所述，通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者；通气参数可以是通过呼吸通气设备本身的一些传感器等来获取，也可以是由外部其他设备向处理器30所传输的。
一些实施例中，生理参数包括心电、呼吸、体温、血氧、无创血压、有创血压参数和二氧化碳参数中的一者或多者；生理参数可以是通过呼吸通气设备本身的一些传感器等来获取，也可以是由外部其他设备例如监护仪等向处理器30所传输的。本文中二氧化碳参数可以是呼气末二氧化碳浓度或分压，也可以是动脉血二氧化碳浓度。
处理器30根据所述通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围，有多种方式，下面分别说明。
一些实施例中，处理器30确定到通气参数发生异常时，获取通气参数发生异常的时间点；处理器30再获取患者接口附件40与上述时间点（即通气参数发生异常的时间点）对应的泄漏量，以确定上述推荐范围。需要说明的是，如果某一具体的通气参数与泄漏量的关系是同步的，那么这里的通气参数发生异常的时间点对应的泄漏量，就是指在通气参数发生异常的时间点上的泄漏量，例如通气参数发生异常的时间点为t1，那么通气参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量就是指在t1时刻的泄漏量。如果某一具体的通气参数与泄漏量的关系是非同步的，例如通气参数的变化滞后于泄漏量的变化，例如当通气参数异常的时间点为t1，由于其变化滞后于泄漏量的变化，泄漏量相应的变化时间点为在先的t0时刻，因此通气参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量，是指在t0时刻的泄漏量；类似地，例如泄漏量的变化滞后于通气参数的变化，例如当通气参数异常的时间点为t1，由于泄漏量的变化滞后于通气参数的变化，泄漏量相应的变化时间点为在后的t2时刻，因此通气参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量，是指在t2时刻的泄漏量。
一具体的实施例中，处理器30确定到与上述时间点（即通气参数发生异常的时间点）所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，则根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。例如，当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围。
可以理解地，通气参数发生异常，可以是设置一个范围，当通气参数处于该范围之外时，则确定通气参数异常。
不妨以通气气体压力为例说明。请参照图4，为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气气体压力随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，通气气体压力是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T1处通气气体压力发生异常，并且是偏低的异常状态，如果此时即T1对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，使得T1对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。从图中可以看到，通气气体压力是与泄漏量呈负相关的这种关系，是同步的，因此此时通气参数发生异常的时间点T1对应的泄漏量就是指在T1时刻的泄漏量。
以上是通过通气参数来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围的例子，下面说明通过生理参数来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围的例子。
一些实施例中，处理器30确定到生理参数发生异常时，获取生理参数发生异常的时间点；处理器30再获取与上述时间点（即生理参数发生异常的时间点）对应的泄漏量，以确定上述推荐范围。需要说明的是，如果某一具体的生理参数与泄漏量的关系是同步的，那么这里的生理参数发生异常的时间点对应的泄漏量，就是指在生理参数发生异常的时间点上的泄漏量，例如生理参数发生异常的时间点为t1，那么生理参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量就是指在t1时刻的泄漏量。如果某一具体的生理参数与泄漏量的关系是非同步的，例如生理参数的变化滞后于泄漏量的变化，例如当生理参数异常的时间点为t1，由于其变化滞后于泄漏量的变化，泄漏量相应的变化时间点为在先的t0时刻，因此生理参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量，是指在t0时刻的泄漏量；类似地，例如泄漏量的变化滞后于生理参数的变化，例如当生理参数异常的时间点为t1，由于泄漏量的变化滞后于生理参数的变化，泄漏量相应的变化时间点为在后的t2时刻，因此生理参数发生异常的时间点t1对应的泄漏量，是指在t2时刻的泄漏量。
一具体的实施例中，处理器30确定到与上述时间点（即生理参数发生异常的时间点）所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，则根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。例如，当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围。
可以理解地，生理参数发生异常，可以是设置一个范围，当生理参数处于该范围之外时，则确定通气参数异常。
不妨以血氧参数为例说明。请参照图5（a），为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和血氧参数随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，血氧参数是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T2处血氧参数发生异常，并且是偏高的异常状态，如果此时即T2对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，使得T2对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。从图中可以看到，血氧参数是与泄漏量呈负相关的这种关系，例如泄漏量过大，可能引起通气不足，从而导致血氧参数下降；血氧参数的变化中滞后于泄漏量的变化，血氧参数发生异常的时间点为T2，而泄漏量对应的变化时间点为在先的时间点T1，因此此时血氧参数发生异常的时间点T2对应的泄漏量就是指在T1时刻的泄漏量。
再以二氧化碳为例，请参照图5（b），为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和二氧化碳参数随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，二氧化碳参数是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T4处二氧化碳参数发生异常，并且是偏高的异常状态，如果此时即T4对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，使得T4对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。从图中可以看到，二氧化碳参数是与泄漏量呈负相关的这种关系，例如泄漏量过小会导致二氧化碳参数潴留，二氧化碳参数变大；二氧化碳参数的变化中滞后于泄漏量的变化，二氧化碳参数发生异常的时间点为T4，而泄漏量对应的变化时间点为在先的时间点T3，因此此时血氧参数发生异常的时间点T4对应的泄漏量就是指在T3时刻的泄漏量。
上面说明了如何确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围。
为了管理接口附件40，一些实施例中通过一可视化图形来显示气体泄漏量和推荐范围的关系，下面具体说明。
一些实施例中，处理器30根据所获取的气体泄漏量和获取气体泄漏量的推荐范围生成可视化图形，可视化图形至少表征气体泄漏量的值，推荐范围，以及气体泄漏量与推荐范围的关系；显示部件50则用于显示上述可视化图形。一些实施例中，上述推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围，并且通过上述可视化图形显示该子范围；或者，上述推荐范围还包括一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值，并且通过所述可视化图形显示该推荐值。
可视化图形例如可以表征气体泄漏量的实时值位于推荐范围的位置，展示出两者的关系，从而使得用户可以直观看到气体泄漏量是否合适，判断出接口附件例如面罩佩戴是否合适。下面对可视化图形进行说明。
请参照图6（a）和图6（b），一些实施例中，可视化图形可以包括仪表盘式图形，仪表盘式图形至少包括一段表示气体泄漏量区间的圆弧61，一些实施例中，圆弧61具有表示圆弧对应处气体泄漏量的数值——例如图中的数字0、10、20、30、40、50、60、70，它们的单位为L/min。仪表盘式图形还包括表示推荐范围的第一图形62；一些实施例中，第一图形62为圆弧61上的一段，该段以不同于圆弧其他段的方式显示——例如以不同的颜色和/或填充图案等显示，图6（a）就是一个例子，图中圆弧61上10至20的这一段即为推荐范围的第一图形62；一些实施例中，第一图形62为对应着圆弧61的一片扇状图形，图6（b）就是一个例子，图中圆弧61上10至20的这一段的扇状图形即为推荐范围的第一图形62；一些例子中，可以对这片扇状图形进行颜色和/或图案的填充，从而使用推荐范围更佳的显眼。一些实施例中，仪表盘式图形还包括所述圆弧用于指示气体泄漏量当前值的指示器63，一些实施例中，指示器63可以为指向圆弧61的指针。一些实施例中，在仪表盘式图形中显示气体泄漏量当前值的数值，例如图6（a）和图6（b）中的“泄漏量15L/min”，即是气体泄漏量的当前值或者说实时值。为了使得诸如医护人员可以更清楚地知晓当前气体泄漏量是否处于推荐范围，一些实施例中，当气体泄漏量当前值小于推荐范围的下限值时，指示器63具有第一颜色——例如黄色；当气体泄漏量当前值位于推荐范围内时，指示器63具有第二颜色——例如蓝色；当气体泄漏量当前值大于推荐范围的上限值时，指示器63具有第三颜色——例如红色。
在推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围的例子中，仪表盘式图形还可以包括表示该子范围的第二图形64，当第一图形62为圆弧61上的一段时，第二图形64也可以为圆弧61上的一段——例如图7（a）就是一个例子，当第一图形62为对应着圆弧61的一片扇状图形，第二图形64也可以对应着圆弧61的一片扇状图形——例如图7（b）就是一个例子，图中虚线所划定的一片扇状图形即为第二图形64。
在推荐范围还包括一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值的例子中，仪表盘式图形还可以包括表示该推荐值的第二图形64，例如为圆弧61上表示该推荐值的一段或者说一个刻度，图8（a）和图8（b）就是两个例子。
以上是可视化图形通过仪表盘式图形来实现的一些例子，另一些实施例中，可视化图形还可以通过柱状图来实现，下面具体说明。
请参照图9，一些实施例中，上述可视化图形包括柱状图，柱状图包括一段表示气体泄漏量的柱状段71、表示上述推荐范围的第一图形72和用于指示气体泄漏量当前值的指示器73。柱状段71具有表示柱状段对应处气体泄漏量的数值——例如图中的数字0、10、20、30、40、50、60、70，它们的单位为L/min。表示推荐范围的第一图形72为柱状段71上的一段，该段以不同于柱状段71其他段的方式显示————例如以不同的颜色和/或填充图案等显示。指示器73可以为指向柱状段71的箭头，一些实施例中，指示器71附近还具有表示气体泄漏量当前值的数值——例如图7的“泄漏量18L/min”，即是气体泄漏量的当前值或者说实时值。为了使得诸如医护人员可以更清楚地知晓当前气体泄漏量是否处于推荐范围，一些实施例中，当气体泄漏量当前值小于推荐范围的下限值时，指示器73具有第一颜色——例如黄色；当气体泄漏量当前值位于推荐范围内时，指示器73具有第二颜色——例如蓝色；当气体泄漏量当前值大于推荐范围的上限值时，指示器73具有第三颜色——例如红色。
在推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围的例子中，上述柱状图还可以包括表示该子范围的第二图形74，当第一图形72为柱状段71上的一段时，第二图形74也可以为柱状段71上的一段——例如图10（a）就是一个例子。
在推荐范围还包括一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值的例子中，上述柱状图还可以包括表示该推荐值的第二图形74，例如为柱状段71上表示该推荐值的一段或者说一个刻度，图10（b）就是一个例子。
这些实施例中，气体泄漏量可以是病人泄漏量，相比于总泄漏量，病人泄漏量更能够准确表示面罩的佩戴状态。并且，将病人泄漏量直接显示出来，可以让医护人员获得更加直观的信息，相比显示总泄漏量，医护人员不需要去估算系统泄漏量。
以上就是关于呼吸通气设备中显示部件50显示上述可视化图形的一些说明。本文中的可视化图形可以显示在主界面上，也可以是在用户调用接口附件40佩戴调节相关功能时，显示的一个弹窗界面里。因此，一些实施例中，处理器30获取向呼吸通气设备输入的控制指令，并根据该控制指令生成并显示一弹窗界面，以用于显示上述可视化图形。
如上所述，一些实施例中处理器30根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围来生成可视化图形。另一些实施例中，处理器30根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息和/或调节建议信息，佩戴状态信息和/或调节建议信息可以通过提示音或被显示于显示部件50上的方式来传达给用户，或者通过提示音和被显示于显示部件50这两者结合的方式来传达给用户。
一些实施例中，佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
当气体泄漏量小于推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息，和/或，表示可能造成用户压疮的佩戴状态信息；
当气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
当气体泄漏量大于推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息，和/或，表示当前通气治疗可能不佳的佩戴状态信息。
调节建议信息用于指示调节患者接口附件40，处理器30可以先根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围来生成佩戴状态信息，再根据佩戴状态信息来生成调节建议信息，也可以是直接根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围来生成调节建议信息。一些实施例中，调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
当气体泄漏量小于推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
当气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
当气体泄漏量大于推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息。
图11（a）、图11（b）和图11（c）为将佩戴状态信息、调节建议信息这两者结合上述可视化图形来一起显示的一些例子。可以理解地，在患者佩戴或调节接口附件40的过程中，可视化图形中的用于表示实时气体泄漏量的信息也是实时变化的，并且佩戴状态信息和调节建议信息也是会实时变化的，如果当患者佩戴过松时，会提示佩戴过松，请调紧一些；在患者调紧一些后，如果气体泄漏量还是大于推荐范围的上限值，那么则会继续提示佩戴过松，请调紧一些，直到气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内，则提示佩戴松紧合适。
如上所述，气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量；一些例子中，可视化图形包括对应所述病人泄漏量、所述总泄漏量中一个或多个的图形。图12就是一个例子，可视化图形包括对应病人泄漏量的一个图形，和对应总泄漏量的一个图形。 在一实施例中，病人泄漏量和总泄漏量的仪表盘式图形邻近显示，例如左右/上下并列显示在一起。图12示出了一种实施例，病人泄漏量和总泄漏量均对应了各自的推荐范围。
图12-1示出了另一种实施例，由于通过病人泄漏量与推荐范围对比，已经可以确定出面罩的佩戴情况。因此，可以不对总泄漏量设置推荐范围。总泄漏量的仪表盘式图形邻近显示，以供用户参考。总泄漏量的仪表盘式图形表征了气体总泄漏量的全范围区间，以及所获取的呼吸通气设备当前的气体总泄漏量。
在另一实施例中，总泄漏量的图形可以比病人泄漏量的图形尺寸更小，用于给用户参考。
图12-2示出了另一种实施例，病人泄漏量与总泄漏量的仪表盘式图形并列显示，且总泄漏量的图形显示在病人泄漏量的图形的外周。本实施例中，病人泄漏量的仪表盘式图形包括一段表示病人泄漏量全范围区间的圆弧，表示推荐范围的第一图形，和用于指示病人泄漏量当前值指针；总泄漏量的仪表盘式图形包括一段表示气体总泄漏量全范围区间的圆弧，和用于指示气体总泄漏量当前值的指针。在另一实施例中，也可以是病人泄漏量的图形显示在总泄漏量的图形的外周。
在不同实施例中，可以将病人泄漏量和总泄漏量对应的可视化图形认为是一个整体的图形，也可以认为是两个独立的图形同时显示出来。并且，病人泄漏量和总泄漏量对应的可视化图形可以使用相同或不同的图形展示。
一些实施中，处理器30还根据气体泄漏量生成气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图，以及根据通气参数生成通气参数随时间变化的曲线图，并将气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气参数随时间变化的曲线图集中显示，这里集中显示是指将这些曲线图在一个相对集中的区域来显示，而不是使它们被分散在各处，这样的话，用户可以在一个相对集中的“小区域”来集中查看这些曲线图，从而方便对比和决策，图13就是一个例子，显示了气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气气体压力随时间变化的曲线图。
本申请另一些实施例中还公开了一种呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法；该方法所涉及到的呼吸通气设备可以是本文中所公开的呼吸通气设备，例如呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气。
请参照图14，一实施例中，呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤110：获取呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量。
关于气体泄漏量的具体含义和如何获取，在上文中已有过详细的描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤130：获取气体泄漏量的推荐范围 。
气体泄漏量的推荐范围可以是用户来手动设置，也可以是系统来自动设置，甚至更新，也可以是内置的设置。
例如，步骤130可以通过所述呼吸通气设备的用户交互界面获取用户输入的设置信息，以确定推荐范围。
再例如，步骤130可以根据通气参数和生理参数中的至少一种来确定气体泄漏量的推荐范围。如上所述，通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者；通气参数可以是通过呼吸通气设备本身的一些传感器等来获取，也可以是由外部其他设备向呼吸通气设备所传输的。生理参数可以包括心电、呼吸、体温、血氧、无创血压、有创血压参数和二氧化碳参数中的一者或多者；生理参数可以是通过呼吸通气设备本身的一些传感器等来获取，也可以是由外部其他设备例如监护仪等向呼吸通气设备所传输的。
具体地，步骤130确定到通气参数发生异常时，获取通气参数发生异常的时间点；步骤130再获取与上述时间点（即通气参数发生异常的时间点）对应的泄漏量，以确定上述推荐范围。一具体的实施例中，步骤130确定到与上述时间点（即通气参数发生异常的时间点）所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，则根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。例如，当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；当发生异常的通气参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的通气参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的通气参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围。可以理解地，通气参数发生异常，可以是设置一个范围，当通气参数处于该范围之外时，则确定通气参数异常。
不妨以通气气体压力为例说明。请参照上文图4，为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气气体压力随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，通气气体压力是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T1处通气气体压力发生异常，并且是偏低的异常状态，如果此时即T1对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，使得T1对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。
一些实施例中，步骤130确定到生理参数发生异常时，获取生理参数发生异常的时间点；步骤130再获取与上述时间点（即生理参数发生异常的时间点）对应的泄漏量，以确定上述推荐范围。一具体的实施例中，步骤130确定到与上述时间点（即生理参数发生异常的时间点）所对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，则根据预设规则确定一新的推荐范围。例如，当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈正相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；当发生异常的生理参数与泄漏量呈负相关时：若发生异常的生理参数是偏高的异常状态，则至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，以得到新的推荐范围；若发生异常的生理参数是偏低的异常状态，则至少降低当前的推荐范围的上限值，以得到新的推荐范围。可以理解地，生理参数发生异常，可以是设置一个范围，当生理参数处于该范围之外时，则确定通气参数异常。
不妨以血氧参数为例说明。请参照上文图5（a），为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和血氧参数随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，血氧参数是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T2处血氧参数发生异常，并且是偏高的异常状态，如果此时即T2对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，使得T2对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。
再以二氧化碳为例，请参照图5（b），为气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和二氧化碳参数随时间变化的曲线图，一般而言，二氧化碳参数是与泄漏量呈负相关，在图中T4处二氧化碳参数发生异常，并且是偏高的异常状态，如果此时即T4对应的泄漏量处于当前的推荐范围内，说明当前的推荐范围需要修正，即至少提高当前的推荐范围的下限值，使得T4对应的泄漏量处于新的推荐范围之外。
一些实施例中，上述推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围，并且通过下文步骤150中的可视化图形显示该子范围；或者，上述推荐范围还包括一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值，并且通过下文步骤150中的可视化图形显示该推荐值。
步骤150：根据气体泄漏量和推荐范围生成可视化图形；该可视化图形至少表征气体泄漏量的值，推荐范围，以及气体泄漏量与所述推荐范围的关系。
可视化图形例如可以表征气体泄漏量的实时值位于推荐范围的位置，展示出两者的关系，从而使得用户可以直观看到气体泄漏量是否合适，判断出接口附件例如面罩佩戴是否合适。可视化图形可以是仪表盘式图形，也可以是柱状图等，对可视化图形的具体描述，可以参见上文以及图6（a）、图6（b）、图7（a）、图7（b）、图8（a）、图8（b）、图9、图10（a）和图10（b）等的描述，在此不再赘述。
步骤170：显示步骤150中的可视化图形。
一些例子中，步骤170所显示的可视化图形可以是显示在主界面上，也可以是在用户调用接口附件佩戴调节相关功能时，在一个弹窗界面里来显示可视化图形。因此，一些实施例中，步骤170获取向呼吸通气设备输入的控制指令，并根据该控制指令生成并显示一弹窗界面，以用于显示上述可视化图形。
请参照图15，一实施例中，呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤110：获取呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量。
步骤130：获取气体泄漏量的推荐范围 。
步骤190：根据气体泄漏量和推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息，和/或指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
佩戴状态信息和/或调节建议信息可以通过提示音或被显示的方式来传达给用户，或者通过提示音和被显示这两者结合的方式来传达给用户。
一些实施例中，佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
当气体泄漏量小于推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息，和/或，表示可能造成用户压疮的佩戴状态信息；
当气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
当气体泄漏量大于推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息，和/或，表示当前通气治疗可能不佳的佩戴状态信息。
调节建议信息用于指示调节患者接口附件40，处理器30可以先根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围来生成佩戴状态信息，再根据佩戴状态信息来生成调节建议信息，也可以是直接根据气体泄漏量和气体泄漏量的推荐范围来生成调节建议信息。一些实施例中，调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
当气体泄漏量小于推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
当气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
当气体泄漏量大于推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息。
一些实施例中，呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法还可以包括一步骤用来显示气体泄漏量的实时值和推荐范围。在具体显示气体泄漏量的实时值和推荐范围时，可以是单纯地显示两个数值，也可以是通过例如可视化图形来显示，因此一些实施例中，可以将图14和图15的所示的方法和步骤结合起来，即一些实施例中的呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法可以包括步骤110、步骤130、步骤150、步骤170和步骤190。进一步地，可以将佩戴状态信息、调节建议信息这两者结合上述可视化图形来一起显示。例如上文中图11（a）、图11（b）和图11（c）就是将佩戴状态信息、调节建议信息这两者结合步骤150中可视化图形来一起显示的一些例子。可以理解地，在患者佩戴或调节接口附件40的过程中，可视化图形中的用于表示实时气体泄漏量的信息也是实时变化的，并且佩戴状态信息和调节建议信息也是会实时变化的，如果当患者佩戴过松时，会提示佩戴过松，请调紧一些；在患者调紧一些后，如果气体泄漏量还是大于推荐范围的上限值，那么则会继续提示佩戴过松，请调紧一些，直到气体泄漏量位于推荐范围内，则提示佩戴松紧合适。
如上所述，气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量；一些例子中，可视化图形包括对应所述病人泄漏量、所述总泄漏量中一个或多个的图形。上文图12就是一个例子，可视化图形包括对应病人泄漏量的一个图形，和对应总泄漏量的一个图形。
请参照图16，一实施例中，呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法还包括以下步骤：
步骤210：根据气体泄漏量生成气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图。
步骤230：获取呼吸通气设备的通气参数，并根据通气参数生成通气参数随时间变化的曲线图。
步骤250：将气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气参数随时间变化的曲线图集中显示。
步骤250中集中显示是指将这些曲线图在一个相对集中的区域来显示，而不是使它们被分散在各处，这样的话，用户可以在一个相对集中的“小区域”来集中查看这些曲线图，从而方便对比和决策，上文图13就是一个例子，显示了气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气气体压力随时间变化的曲线图。
本发明一些实施例的呼吸通气设备、呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法和计算机可读存储介质，获取呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，获取气体泄漏量的推荐范围，并对这两者进行处理，例如生成表征气体泄漏量的值，推荐范围，以及气体泄漏量与推荐范围的关系的可视化图形，或者，生成佩戴状态信息，或者，生成指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息，从而可以使得接口附件能够被患者很好地佩戴。
本文参照了各种示范实施例进行说明。然而，本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不脱离本文范围的情况下，可以对示范性实施例做出改变和修正。例如，各种操作步骤以及用于执行操作步骤的组件，可以根据特定的应用或考虑与系统的操作相关联的任何数量的成本函数以不同的方式实现（例如一个或多个步骤可以被删除、修改或结合到其他步骤中）。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。另外，如本领域技术人员所理解的，本文的原理可以反映在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序产品中，该可读存储介质预装有计算机可读程序代码。任何有形的、非暂时性的计算机可读存储介质皆可被使用，包括磁存储设备（硬盘、软盘等）、光学存储设备（CD至ROM、DVD、Blu Ray盘等）、闪存和/或诸如此类。这些计算机程序指令可被加载到通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上以形成机器，使得这些在计算机上或其他可编程数据处理装置上执行的指令可以生成实现指定的功能的装置。这些计算机程序指令也可以存储在计算机可读存储器中，该计算机可读存储器可以指示计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定的方式运行，这样存储在计算机可读存储器中的指令就可以形成一件制造品，包括实现指定功能的实现装置。计算机程序指令也可以加载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生一个计算机实现的进程，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令可以提供用于实现指定功能的步骤。
虽然在各种实施例中已经示出了本文的原理，但是许多特别适用于特定环境和操作要求的结构、布置、比例、元件、材料和部件的修改可以在不脱离本披露的原则和范围内使用。以上修改和其他改变或修正将被包含在本文的范围之内。
前述具体说明已参照各种实施例进行了描述。然而，本领域技术人员将认识到，可以在不脱离本披露的范围的情况下进行各种修正和改变。因此，对于本披露的考虑将是说明性的而非限制性的意义上的，并且所有这些修改都将被包含在其范围内。同样，有关于各种实施例的优点、其他优点和问题的解决方案已如上所述。然而，益处、优点、问题的解决方案以及任何能产生这些的要素，或使其变得更明确的解决方案都不应被解释为关键的、必需的或必要的。本文中所用的术语“包括”和其任何其他变体，皆属于非排他性包含，这样包括要素列表的过程、方法、文章或设备不仅包括这些要素，还包括未明确列出的或不属于该过程、方法、系统、文章或设备的其他要素。此外，本文中所使用的术语“耦合”和其任何其他变体都是指物理连接、电连接、磁连接、光连接、通信连接、功能连接和/或任何其他连接。
具有本领域技术的人将认识到，在不脱离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例的细节进行许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应仅由权利要求确定。

Claims (54)

  1. 一种呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，包括：
    通气装置，所述通气装置通过通气管路与患口接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体；
    处理器，用于控制所述通气装置的通气参数，以及获取所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和病人泄漏量的推荐范围；所述处理器还根据所述获取的所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围生成第一可视化图形；所述第一可视化图形至少表征所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量，所述推荐范围，以及所述病人泄漏量与所述推荐范围的关系；
    显示部件，用于显示所述第一可视化图形。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围确定所述患者接口附件的佩戴状态，生成佩戴状态信息。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述病人泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述病人泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围，或者，一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值；所述显示部件通过所述第一可视化图形显示所述子范围或所述推荐值。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一可视化图形包括仪表盘式图形；所述仪表盘式图形至少包括一段表示病人泄漏量全范围区间的圆弧，和表示所述推荐范围的第一图形。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述仪表盘式图形还包括用于指示病人泄漏量当前值的指示器；和/或，在所述仪表盘式图形附近显示病人泄漏量的当前值。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，当病人泄漏量的当前值小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，所述指示器具有第一颜色；当病人泄漏量的当前值位于所述推荐范围内时，所述指示器具有第二颜色；当病人泄漏量的当前值大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，所述指示器具有第三颜色。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述指示器为指向所述圆弧的指针。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述圆弧还具有表示圆弧对应各个位置处泄漏量的数值。
  12. 如权利要求7所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为所述圆弧上的一段，该段以不同于圆弧其他段的方式显示；或者，所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为对应着所述圆弧的一片扇状图形。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述仪表盘式图形还包括表示所述子范围或所述推荐值的第二图形；所述第二图形在所述第一图形内，所述第二图形为所述圆弧上的一段，且该段以不同于圆弧其他段的方式显示，或者，所述第二图形为对应着所述圆弧的一片扇状图形，且该扇状图形以不同于所述第一图形所对应的扇状图形的方式显示。
  14. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一可视化图形包括柱状图；所述柱状图包括一段表示病人泄漏量区间的柱状段，用于指示病人泄漏量当前值的指示器，和表示所述推荐范围的第一图形；
    所述柱状段具有表示柱状段对应处病人泄漏量的数值；
    所述指示器附近还具有表示病人泄漏量当前值的数值；
    所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为所述柱状段上的一段，该段以不同于柱状段其他段的方式显示。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还根据所述病人泄漏量生成病人泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图，并根据所述通气参数生成通气参数随时间变化的曲线图；所述显示部件将病人泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气参数随时间变化的曲线图集中显示。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者。
  17. 如权利要求1-16任意一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器获取向所述呼吸通气设备输入的控制指令，并根据所述控制指令生成一用于显示所述第一可视化图形的弹窗界面，所述显示部件显示该弹窗界面。
  18. 如权利要求1-17任意一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体总泄漏量，并至少根据所述获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体总泄漏量生成第二可视化图形，所述第一可视化图形和所述第二可视化图形邻近显示。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第二可视化图形包括仪表盘式图形，所述仪表盘式图形至少表征了所述气体总泄漏量的全范围区间，以及所获取的所述呼吸通气设备当前的气体总泄漏量。
  20. 如权利要求18所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第二可视化图形和所述第一可视化图形的具有相同的图形。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一可视化图形和所述第二可视化图形皆为仪表盘式图形。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第二可视化图形的尺寸比所述第一可视化图形的尺寸小。
  23. 如权利要求20所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一可视化图形和所述第二可视化图形并列显示，且所述第二可视化图形显示在所述第一可视化图形的外周，或者所述第一可视化图形显示在所述第二可视化图形的外周。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一可视化图形包括第一仪表盘式图形，所述第一仪表盘式图形至少包括一段表示病人泄漏量全范围区间的圆弧，和表示所述推荐范围的第一图形；所述第二可视化图形包括第二仪表盘式图形，所述第二仪表盘式图形至少包括一段表示气体总泄漏量全范围区间的圆弧。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一仪表盘式图形还包括用于指示病人泄漏量当前值的第一指示器；所述第二仪表盘式图形还包括用于指示气体总泄漏量当前值的第二指示器。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述第一指示器为指向所述第一仪表盘式图形中圆弧的指针，所述第二指示器为指向所述第二仪表盘式图形中圆弧的指针。
  27. 如权利要求1-17任意一项所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体总泄漏量，并将所述气体总泄漏量的数值显示在所述第一可视化图形附近。
  28. 一种呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，包括：
    通气装置，所述通气装置通过通气管路与患口接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，以输送预设的呼吸气体；
    处理器，获取所述呼吸通气设备的病人泄漏量和病人泄漏量的推荐范围，根据所述病人泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息和/或指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的呼吸通气设备，其特征在于，
    所述调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述病人泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息；
    所述佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述病人泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述病人泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息。
  30. 一种呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法，所述呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，和所述气体泄漏量的推荐范围；
    根据所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围生成可视化图形；所述可视化图形至少表征所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，所述推荐范围，以及所述气体泄漏量与所述推荐范围的关系；
    显示所述可视化图形。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：根据所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围确定所述患者接口附件的佩戴状态，生成佩戴状态信息。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的方法，其特征在于，所述佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述气体泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息。
  33. 如权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：根据所述气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
  34. 如权利要求33所述的方法，其特征在于，所述调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述气体泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息。
  35. 如权利要求30至34中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述推荐范围还包括一段比推荐范围内其他范围更为推荐的子范围，或者，一个比推荐范围内其他值更为推荐的推荐值；所述方法还包括：通过所述可视化图形显示所述子范围或所述推荐值。
  36. 如权利要求30至35中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图包括仪表盘式图形；所述仪表盘式图形至少包括一段表示气体泄漏量区间的圆弧，和表示所述推荐范围的第一图形。
  37. 如权利要求36所述的方法，其特征在于，所述仪表盘式图形还包括所述圆弧用于指示气体泄漏量当前值的指示器；和/或，在所述仪表盘式图形中显示气体泄漏量当前值的数值。
  38. 如权利要求37所述的方法，其特征在于，当气体泄漏量当前值小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，所述指示器具有第一颜色；当气体泄漏量当前值位于所述推荐范围内时，所述指示器具有第二颜色；当气体泄漏量当前值大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，所述指示器具有第三颜色。
  39. 如权利要求37或38所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示器为指向所述圆弧的指针。
  40. 如权利要求39所述的方法，其特征在于，所述圆弧还具有表示圆弧对应处气体泄漏量的数值。
  41. 如权利要求39所述的方法，其特征在于，所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为所述圆弧上的一段，该段以不同于圆弧其他段的方式显示；或者，所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为对应着所述圆弧的一片扇状图形。
  42. 如权利要求41所述的方法，其特征在于，所述仪表盘式图形还包括表示所述子范围或推荐值的第二图形；所述第二图形在所述第一图形内，所述第二图形为所述圆弧上的一段，且该段以不同于圆弧其他段的方式显示，或者，所述第二图形为对应着所述圆弧的一片扇状图形，且该扇状图形以不同于所述第一图形所对应的扇状图形的方式显示。
  43. 如权利要求30至35中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括柱状图；所述柱状图包括一段表示气体泄漏量区间的柱状段，用于指示气体泄漏量当前值的指示器，和表示所述推荐范围的第一图形；
    所述柱状段具有表示柱状段对应处气体泄漏量的数值；
    所述指示器附近还具有表示气体泄漏量当前值的数值；
    所述表示所述推荐范围的第一图形为所述柱状段上的一段，该段以不同于柱状段其他段的方式显示。
  44. 如权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述气体泄漏量生成气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图；
    获取所述呼吸通气设备的通气参数，并根据所述通气参数生成通气参数随时间变化的曲线图；
    将气体泄漏量随时间变化的曲线图和通气参数随时间变化的曲线图集中显示。
  45. 如权利要求44所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通气参数包括通气气体流速、通气气体压力、每分钟通气量、潮气量、呼吸频率和顺应性中的一者或多者。
  46. 如权利要求30-45任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：获取向所述呼吸通气设备输入的控制指令，根据所述控制指令生成并显示一弹窗界面，以用于显示所述可视化图形。
  47. 如权利要求30-46任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，获取气体泄漏量的推荐范围包括：通过所述呼吸通气设备的用户交互界面获取用户输入的设置信息，以确定所述推荐范围。
  48. 如权利要求30-47任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述气体泄漏量为病人泄漏量或总泄漏量；所述总泄漏量包括所述病人泄漏量和系统泄漏量。
  49. 如权利要求40所述的方法，其特征在于，所述可视化图形包括对应所述病人泄漏量、所述总泄漏量中一个或多个的图形。
  50. 如权利要求30-49任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，获取所述气体泄漏量的步骤，包括：
    获取所述呼吸通气设备的通气压力和流速，根据所述通气压力和流速计算得到所述气体泄漏量。
  51. 如权利要求50所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通气压力为所述呼吸通气设备设备端的通气压力，或者为近病人端的通气压力。
  52. 一种呼吸通气设备指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法，所述呼吸通气设备通过管路与患者接口附件连接，用于通过所述患者接口附件向患者进行通气，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量，和气体泄漏量的推荐范围；
    根据所获取的所述呼吸通气设备的气体泄漏量和所述推荐范围，生成佩戴状态信息，和/或指示调节所述患者接口附件的调节建议信息。
  53. 如权利要求52所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述调节建议信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述气体泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调松的调节建议信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示用户将患者接口附件已调整到合适的调节建议信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示建议用户将患者接口附件调紧的调节建议信息；
    所述佩戴状态信息包括以下至少一项：
    当所述气体泄漏量小于所述推荐范围的下限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过紧的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量位于所述推荐范围内时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴松紧程度合适的佩戴状态信息；
    当所述气体泄漏量大于所述推荐范围的上限值时，生成表示患者接口附件佩戴过松的佩戴状态信息。
  54. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序，所述程序能够被处理器执行以实现如权利要求30至53中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2020/140616 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 呼吸通气设备及其指示患者接口附件佩戴状态的方法 WO2022141016A1 (zh)

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