WO2022136523A1

WO2022136523A1 - Charging station for charging an energy store of an electric vehicle and method

Info

Publication number: WO2022136523A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/087240
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard WEIDINGER
Original assignee: KEBA Energy Automation GmbH
Priority date: 2020-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Also published as: EP4192705A1; WO2022136523A4; DE102020134769A1

Abstract

Proposed is a charging station (1) for charging and/or discharging an energy store (110) of an electric vehicle (100) with electrical energy by means of an energy source (200) which can be coupled to the charging station (1) in a charging process. The charging station comprises a housing (2) having an interior space (3) in which a plurality of electric and/or electronic components (4, 5, 6, 7) and an electronic control device (10) coupled to the components (4, 5, 6, 7) for controlling the components (4, 5, 6, 7) are arranged, wherein the electronic control device (10) has an energy meter (20), more particularly a energy meter (20) which complies with weight and measurement regulations, which is designed to measure the amount of electrical energy transferred between the electrical energy source (200) and the charging station (1) and/or the amount of electrical energy transferred between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110).

Description

CHARGING STATION FOR CHARGING AN ENERGY STORAGE OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE AND METHOD

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a charging station for charging an energy store of an electric vehicle and a method for operating such a charging station.

STATE OF THE ART

The present technical field relates to a charging station or charging connection device for charging an energy store of an electric vehicle. For example, the applicant's European patent EP 2 882 607 B1 describes a charging station for electric vehicles, with at least one input interface for feeding electrical energy into the charging station from a stationary power supply network, with a connection socket for connecting a charging plug of an electric vehicle for the controlled delivery of electrical energy to the electric vehicle, with a plurality of electrotechnical components comprising an electronic control device for switching, measuring or monitoring the electrical energy consumed and/or emitted, and with a housing enclosing the electrotechnical components.

In the case of charging stations in public spaces that can be used by different users, it is known that the electricity is given away to promote electromobility or that a tariff is charged for the time spent at the charging station. The amount of energy is not usually billed.

If the amount of energy is to form the basis for billing, then this must be recorded in accordance with calibration law. For this purpose it is known to retrofit existing charging stations with appropriate meters. be here the certified meters are simply retrofitted into the power line, for example in the form of a DIN rail meter, so that every electrical power that flows from the charging station to the electric vehicle or vice versa is correctly recorded. Alternatively, the charging stations are completely replaced by ones with a meter that complies with calibration law, but which is separate from the charging electronics.

DE 10 2018 131 313 A1 discloses a charging system for charging an energy storage device of an electric vehicle, the charging system comprising at least one electrical energy source and at least one charging station designed to charge the energy storage device with an electronic and control unit, and the electrical energy source being electrically connected to the charging station. The charging system also includes an energy meter which is designed to measure the electrical energy supplied by the electrical energy source to the charging station, the energy meter being decoupled from the electronics and control unit of the charging station and being operable independently of the charging station.

A problem that these known solutions have is that the correctly recorded transmitted power cannot be displayed at the charging station, or only with a significant time delay, since it does not have access to the measurement data, but at best to the encrypted and certified measurement data , which the meter transmits to the provider. Since certifying and encrypting the measurement data is a computationally intensive process, this is only carried out at longer intervals, such as every minute. However, this means that, for example, in the first minute after the electric vehicle has been connected to the charging station, there is no data on whether charging is taking place and what amount of energy is being transferred.

Since the charging stations for regulating or controlling a charging process also have measuring technology that is suitable for recording the amount of energy transferred, the subsequent retrofitting of a legally compliant Forms energy meter or the additional provision of a calibration law-compliant energy meter in the charging station a not inconsiderable increase in the complexity of the charging station. This increases the risk of failure of the charging station, for example, since both meters, the internal meter of the charging station and the meter that complies with calibration law, must function correctly for a charging process. Furthermore, the amount of wiring involved in these charging stations is increased. In addition, various components such as EMC protective measures, communication units, processors, power supplies and the like must each be provided in duplicate, since the charging electronics of the charging station and the electronics of the certified meter are independent of one another.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to create an improved charging station for charging an energy store of an electric vehicle. Another object of the invention is to create an improved method for operating a charging station for charging an energy store of an electric vehicle.

The task is solved by a charging station with the features of claim 1 and by a method with the features of claim 17.

According to a first aspect, a charging station for charging and/or discharging an energy store of an electric vehicle with electrical energy using an energy source that can be coupled to the charging station in a charging process is proposed. The charging station includes a housing with an interior space in which a plurality of electrical and/or electronic components and an electronic control device coupled to the components for controlling the components are arranged. The electronic control device includes an energy meter, in particular a calibration law-compliant energy meter, which is used to measure the transmitted between the electrical energy source and the charging station amount of electrical energy and / or between the charging station and the energy store transmitted amount of electrical energy is formed.

The fact that the energy meter is integrated in the charging station results in the following advantages, among others. The complexity of the charging infrastructure is reduced because no separate energy meters are required. Furthermore, resources are also saved for this reason. In addition, the failsafety of the charging station is reduced since it has fewer components that can fail. An electrical and mechanical structure of the charging station is also simplified, since the charging station and the energy meter do not have to be wired separately, and it is possible for components such as the housing, a power supply unit, EMC protection device, communication units and the like to be used only once are necessary. In addition, the measurement data recorded by the energy meter are available for other purposes, such as displaying the amount of energy supplied on a display device.

The charging station thus preferably meets all the requirements of the MID directive (MID: measuring instrument devices) "Directive 2014/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of February 26, 2014".

The housing is preferably designed to be fluid-tight and can have a number of fluid outlets for draining any liquid that has penetrated or condensed. The housing preferably gives the individual components of the charging station mechanical stability and protects them from external mechanical influences. The housing is preferably made of plastic, preferably made of a composite material comprising a fiber material and/or metal.

The charging station has, for example, a connection socket for connecting a charging cable. The charging station can also be referred to as a charging connection device. The charging station is designed in particular as a wall box. the la desstation is suitable for charging or regenerating the energy storage device of an electric vehicle by electrically connecting the charging station to the energy storage device or the charging electronics of the electric vehicle via its connection socket and the charging plug of the electric vehicle. The charging station acts as a source of electrical energy for the electric vehicle, with the electrical energy being able to be transferred to an energy store in the electric vehicle by means of a connection socket and charging plug. The charging station can also be referred to as an intelligent charging station for electric vehicles. The charging station is also set up to draw electrical energy from the vehicle's energy store and to feed it into the electrical energy source. In this respect, the energy store of the electric vehicle can act as a buffer for the electrical energy source.

Examples of the electrical and/or electronic components of the charging station include contactor, residual current circuit breaker or universal current-sensitive monitoring device, relay, connection terminal, EMC filter, communication unit, electronic circuits, microelectronic elements such as memory and/or processor and a bus System.

The control device can be implemented in terms of hardware and/or software. In the case of a hardware implementation, the control device can be designed, for example, as a computer or as a microprocessor. In the case of a software implementation, the control device can be embodied as a computer program product, as a function, as a routine, as part of a program code or as an executable object.

The control device includes the energy meter, which is preferably designed to conform to calibration law. The fact that the energy meter is designed to be "calibration-compliant" means that it complies with the respective national and/or regional regulations that apply in member states of the European Union from Directive 2014/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of February 26th 2014, also referred to as the Measuring Instruments Directive (measuring instrument directive", MID) and which relate to the recording of the amount of energy transmitted. The respective provisions result, for example, from laws and/or ordinances. Examples of this are the German "law on the placing on the market and the provision of measuring devices on the market, their use and calibration as well as pre-packaged products" (also referred to as the Measurement and Calibration Act or MessEG for short), the German "Measurement and Calibration Fee Ordinance" (also referred to as the Measurement and Calibration Fee Ordinance or MessEGebV for short), the Austrian "Federal Law on measurement and calibration" (also known as the measurement and calibration law or MEG for short), the Swiss "Federal law on metrology", SR 941.20 (also known as the measurement law or MessG for short), the Italian "Legge federale sulla metrologia" or the French "Loi federale sur la metrologie".

The energy meter itself comprises at least the measuring units that are set up to record the amount of energy, in particular by recording the applied voltage and the current flowing in each phase that is used to charge the energy store.

The control device can include a printed circuit board on which a plurality of electronic components for controlling and/or measuring and/or monitoring the energy states at the charging station or in the connected electric vehicle are arranged.

According to one embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter of the control device is designed to measure the amount of electrical energy transmitted between the electrical energy source and the charging station and to measure the amount of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station and the energy store.

In this embodiment, on the one hand, from the charging station from the electrical energy source, such as an energy supply network, related amount of energy are recorded by the energy meter and, on the other hand, the amount of energy transmitted to the energy store of the electric vehicle that is relevant for billing is recorded. The energy meter thus fulfills a double function, with which further savings are achieved.

The amount of energy transferred to the energy store of the electric vehicle that is relevant for billing is, for example, the electrical energy transferred at the transfer point. In the case of a charging station with a charging cable, the transfer point is, for example, at the plug of the charging cable. In the case of a charging station with a socket to which the owner of the electric vehicle himself plugs in the charging cable, the transfer point is, for example, at the socket on the charging station.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, it comprises a power switching device with a first switching state in which electrical energy can be transmitted between the charging station and the energy store, and with a second switching state in which electrical energy cannot be transmitted between the charging station and the energy store, the electronic control device for moving the power switching device is set up in the first or the second switching state depending on an operating state of the energy meter.

This embodiment is advantageous because it ensures that energy is only transferred between the charging station and the energy store when the energy meter is ready to correctly record the amount of energy transferred. Depending on the structure of the energy meter, it may be the case that it first has to start up, for example at the beginning of a charging process and/or after an interruption in the supply voltage. During this time, correct recording of the amount of energy transferred cannot be guaranteed. In addition, if a measuring unit of the energy meter fails, any ongoing charging process can be interrupted immediately. According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the electronic control device comprises a number of components and the energy meter comprises a number of components, at least some of the components of the electronic control device and some of the components of the energy meter being integrated on at least one semiconductor circuit board.

The integration on a semiconductor board significantly reduces the wiring effort for the charging station, and the semiconductor board also gives the components mechanical stability.

The components of the control device integrated on the at least one semiconductor circuit board include, for example, a processor, a communication unit, a memory unit and the like. The components of the energy meter integrated on the at least one semiconductor circuit board include, for example, a storage unit, a signature unit, an encryption unit, a processing unit and the like.

In embodiments it can be provided that all components of the control device and all components of the energy meter are arranged on at least one semiconductor circuit board.

Provision can be made for components of the control device and/or components of the energy meter to be arranged on a plurality of semiconductor circuit boards. The multiple semiconductor boards are then preferably connected to one another by means of suitable connections, such as a bus system, for example CAN bus, USB, SATA, PATA or the like, for the transmission of signals and/or data.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, a number of the plurality of electrical and/or electronic components and the control device with the energy meter are arranged together in an integrated electronic system. The integrated electronic system includes, for example, a number of semiconductor circuit boards on which the number of electrical and/or electronic components and the control device are integrated.

The integrated electronic system is characterized, for example, by the fact that components that are necessary to operate the components of the system, such as a power supply unit for providing a respective supply voltage, a safety device that monitors the proper functioning of the components, EMC protective measures, such as an EMC 'Protective housing and / or EMC' filters, are only simply present in the integrated electronic system and thus provide their respective function in relation to all components of the system. The complexity of the charging station can thus be reduced, in particular since fewer components are required for its operation.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, it has a single power pack for providing a respective supply voltage for operating the number of electrical and/or electronic components and the control device comprising the energy meter.

This means that the charging station only has one power supply. The power pack is set up to provide different supply voltages, with the supply voltages to be provided by the power pack depending on the requirements of the number of electrical and/or electronic components and the control device.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the number of electrical and/or electronic components and the control device comprising the energy meter have a common EMC protection device.

In particular, this reduces the complexity of the charging station and the manufacturing costs for the charging station. EMC filters in particular are expensive and take up a lot of space, which is why it is very advantageous if the required number of EMC filters can be reduced.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the EMC protection device comprises a number of EMC filters and/or an EMC protection housing.

An EMC protective housing is set up in particular to prevent electromagnetic radiation from being emitted. For this purpose, the EMC protective housing includes a Faraday cage, for example.

In particular, EMC filters include circuits with capacitors and inductances. EMC filters are designed, for example, as mains filters in the form of a low-pass filter or the like.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the control device is set up to receive a communication signal from an external unit and to control and/or regulate the charging process as a function of the received communication signal.

The external unit is, for example, a mobile device of a user of the charging station or a server of an energy network operator.

The charging process can be controlled directly or indirectly via the communication signal. In particular, it is possible to switch between charging and discharging the energy store. For example, at times when the electrical energy source, in particular an energy supply network, is heavily loaded, electrical energy can be fed from the energy store into the electrical energy source in order to relieve it. For this purpose, for example, corresponding information or a request is received from the server of the energy network operator via the communication signal. Advantageously, current price information for an energy unit can also be received via the communication signal. The unit of energy is preferably a kilowatt hour (kWh). The current price information is preferably received in encrypted form and signed, so that it is ensured that it is genuine and has not been manipulated. The price information can include two values, a first price for obtaining electrical energy (ie charging the energy store) and a second price for feeding in electrical energy (ie discharging the energy store). The price information can be used in particular by the energy meter to determine the costs for the current charging process. Furthermore, the price information can include time information that determines or limits the validity of a respective price, so that it can be ensured that the price information is always up-to-date. Furthermore, based on the price information, it can be decided whether the charging process should be continued. For this purpose, for example, the user can specify an upper price limit for the purchase of electrical energy and/or specify the price from which electrical energy is to be fed in.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter is set up to record a current drawn from the electrical energy source, a voltage provided by the electrical energy source and/or a frequency of a voltage signal provided by the electrical energy source, with the control device for controlling and/or regulating the Charging is set up as a function of the detected current and / or the detected voltage and / or the detected frequency.

The energy meter is set up in particular to record the voltage of each phase of the electrical energy source.

In particular, the voltage of the electrical energy source and the frequency of the voltage signal allow conclusions to be drawn about the current load. Dependent on the current load can be switched between charging and discharging the energy store, for example.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter is set up to record an input and/or output current, an input and/or output voltage and/or an input and/or output power from or to the energy store of the electric vehicle, the control device for Control and / or regulation of the charging process depending on the detected output current, the detected output voltage and / or the detected output power and a respective predetermined threshold is set up.

The respective predetermined threshold value for the output current, the output voltage and the output power can differ for the purchase of electrical energy and for the feeding in of electrical energy. Furthermore, the respective predetermined threshold value can depend on environmental conditions, in particular a temperature and an air humidity.

The predetermined threshold value can be received, for example, when the electrical energy store is coupled to the charging station from the electrical energy store or the charging cable and/or can be determined on the basis of information relating to a type of electrical energy store and/or the charging cable used.

This embodiment is advantageous because, for example, a short circuit or other defect in the charging cable or in the energy store can be determined on the basis of the output current, the output voltage and/or the output power. If a defect is detected, the charging or discharging process can be aborted. This protects both the charging station and the electrical energy storage device and the electric vehicle. Furthermore, an overload of the charging cable or of the electrical energy store due to excessive current or excessive voltage can be avoided.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter comprises a calibration law-compliant measuring unit for the calibration law-compliant acquisition of raw measurement data and a calibration law-compliant storage unit for calibration law-compliant storage of the acquired raw measurement data.

The measurement unit, which conforms to calibration law, is set up in particular to record the amount of energy transmitted. In this case, the measuring unit can be set up to detect a current and a voltage as well as a phase position between the current and the voltage. Furthermore, the measuring unit can be set up separately for acquiring the raw measurement data for a respective phase via which the electrical energy store draws or supplies electrical energy.

The measuring unit, which conforms to calibration law, features an officially recognized calibration and is tamper-proof. This means that the measuring unit that conforms to calibration law includes, for example, a security device that detects or determines an attempt at manipulation and outputs this information accordingly. If manipulation is determined, then, for example, a charging process can be aborted and/or the charging station can be shut down altogether until the manipulation has been eliminated.

The storage unit that conforms to calibration law is also preferably tamper-proof. In particular, the storage unit is designed in such a way that, for example, only one processing unit of the energy meter has access to the raw measurement data stored therein. This ensures that the stored raw measurement data cannot be manipulated later. In addition, reading out the stored raw measurement data can be monitored and controlled. In particular, the raw measurement data can only be sent after a request to the processing unit, so there is no possibility of reading of the raw measurement data by other components outside the certified area. The term "certified area" includes in particular those components of the energy meter that are protected against manipulation and/or where attempted or actual manipulation can be detected at any time. In particular, this also includes software or a program that is executed by one of the components in the certified area.

The data transmission from the measuring unit to the storage unit is also preferably protected with suitable measures, such as a secure communication protocol that ensures the authenticity and integrity of the raw measurement data.

The raw measurement data are preferably stored together with a respective time stamp that indicates a time of acquisition. Another advantage of this embodiment is that the raw measurement data itself is stored and not data packets that have already been signed and encrypted, since a signed and encrypted data packet requires a multiple of storage space. The memory unit can thus be comparatively small or, alternatively, save a significantly larger number of measurement data.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter includes a signature unit which is set up to provide a signed data packet comprising signed raw measurement data.

The signed data packet is in particular signed with a digital signature. A digital signature can be used to ensure the authenticity of a message or a document, such as the raw measurement data contained in the data package. A valid digital signature shows the recipient of the message that the message came from a known or specific sender (authenticity). In addition to the signed raw measurement data, the signed data packet can include other data, such as price information. Up-to-date price information is preferably available for each time interval.

The data packet is preferably generated and signed in OCMF format (OCMF: open charge metering format).

It should be noted that the signed data packet can be provided at any time, regardless of a current loading process. In particular, a signed data packet does not have to be generated at regular intervals, since by storing the raw measurement data in the calibration law-compliant storage unit, the raw measurement data are permanently stored in a tamper-proof manner and access to the raw measurement data is guaranteed at all times.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, the energy meter includes an encryption unit that is set up to provide an encrypted, signed data packet based on the signed data packet.

The encryption can ensure the integrity of the signed data packet, which means that it was not read or manipulated on a transmission path.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, it comprises a communication unit for transmitting the encrypted, signed data packet to a unit which is external to the charging station.

The external unit is in particular a server of an energy network operator and/or an operator of the charging station and/or a payment service provider. Furthermore, the external unit can include a mobile device of the user of the charging station and/or a unit of the electric vehicle. The communication unit is set up in particular for sending and/or receiving messages according to the OCPP protocol (OCPP: open charge point protocol) in version 1.6 or subsequent updates.

The communication unit comprises, for example, a modem, in particular a mobile radio modem of the second, third, fourth and/or fifth generation (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G), and/or a network adapter, in particular a WLAN adapter or a network card for a wired network.

According to a further embodiment of the charging station, it comprises a display device, the control device being set up to actuate the display device to display the amount of electrical energy supplied measured by the energy meter.

The amount of electrical energy displayed on the display device is based in particular on the recorded raw measurement data. The current status can thus be displayed on the display device essentially at the same time as the acquisition of the raw measurement data, because there is no need to wait for a time-consuming signing of the measurement data. Furthermore, it is provided that the control device does not have access to the raw measurement data to be displayed on the transmission path to the display device. This ensures that the display device actually displays the raw measurement data. Since the raw measurement data is recorded by a measurement unit that conforms to calibration law and is stored in a storage unit that conforms to calibration law, this ensures that the display device displays the correct value for the amount of energy supplied, which is correct in accordance with calibration law. This rules out the possibility of the user being deceived by the display device.

The total amount of energy supplied and/or a currently supplied amount of energy, for example a rate of the amount of energy, can be displayed on the display device. Accordingly, both the total price of the charging process and/or a currently valid price per kWh are displayed.

It should be noted that, for example, a processing unit of the energy meter monitors which of the raw measurement data and the price information the control device wants to display on the display device and, if necessary, prevents this. The energy meter therefore has full control over which of the raw measurement data and price information is output.

In embodiments, current price information and/or a total price achieved can also be displayed on the display device.

The display device can also be set up to display OCPP messages (OCPP: open charge point protocol).

According to a second aspect, a method for operating a charging station for charging and/or discharging an energy store of an electric vehicle with electrical energy using an energy source that can be coupled to the charging station is proposed. In a first step, electrical energy is transferred between the charging station and the energy store. This can include both charging the energy store and discharging the energy store. In a second step, raw measurement data are recorded as a function of an amount of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station and the energy store using an energy meter integrated in the charging station, in particular an energy meter that conforms to calibration law. The raw measurement data are representative of the amount of energy transmitted. In a third step, the recorded raw measurement data is stored in a storage unit that conforms to calibration law. In a fourth step, stored raw measurement data are output to a control device integrated in the charging station and/or to a display device integrated in the charging station and/or an encrypted signed data packet is comprehensively signed Raw measurement data provided and output to a unit external to the charging station.

This method has the corresponding advantages that are explained for the charging station according to the first aspect. The embodiments described for the charging station apply accordingly to the proposed method.

Further possible implementations of the invention also include combinations of features or embodiments described above or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments that are not explicitly mentioned. The person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the invention.

Further advantageous refinements and aspects of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims and of the exemplary embodiments of the invention described below. The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred embodiments with reference to the enclosed figures.

1 schematically shows an electric vehicle coupled to a charging station with an electrical energy store, the charging station being coupled to an electrical energy source;

2 shows a schematic block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a charging station;

3 shows a schematic block diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of a charging station;

4 shows a schematic block diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of a charging station; 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a charging station; and

FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method for operating a charging station.

Elements that are the same or have the same function have been provided with the same reference symbols in the figures, unless otherwise stated.

1 shows schematically an electric vehicle 100 coupled to a charging station 1 by means of a charging cable 105 and having an electrical energy store 110, which is embodied, for example, as a lithium-ion battery. The charging station 1 has a number of electrical and/or electronic components 4-7 (see FIGS. 2-5) and a control device 10 with an energy meter 20 (see FIGS. 2-5). The charging station 1 is coupled to an electrical energy source 200 . In the present case, this is an energy supply network 200, the charging station 1 being coupled to the energy supply network 200 via a subscriber network connection point 120.

The charging station 1 is designed, for example, according to one of the exemplary embodiments described below with reference to FIGS. 2-5 and is set up for charging and/or discharging the energy store 110 of the electric vehicle 100 according to the method described with reference to FIG.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a charging station 1. The charging station 1 is for charging and/or discharging an energy store 110 (see Fig. 1) of an electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1) with electrical energy by means of a Charging station 1 coupleable energy source 200 (see Fig.l or 5) set up in a charging process.

The charging station 1 has a housing 2 comprising an interior 3, in which a plurality of electrical and / or electronic components 4, 5 and a with the components 4, 5 coupled electronic control device 10 for controlling the components 4, 5 are arranged. The electrical and/or electronic components 4 of the charging station 1 include, for example, a contactor, an earth leakage circuit breaker or an all-current-sensitive monitoring device, and a relay. The electrical and/or electronic components 5 are designed here as connection terminals or contacts, which are preferably arranged in a protected manner in a corresponding socket or the like and via which the charging station 1 can be electrically coupled to the electrical energy source 200 on the one hand and to the electrical energy store 110 on the other.

The electronic control device 10 also includes an energy meter 20, which is designed in particular to conform to calibration law. The energy meter 20 is designed to measure the amount of electrical energy transmitted between the electrical energy source 200 and the charging station 1 and/or the amount of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station 1 and the energy store 110 .

Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of a charging station 1. The charging station 1 is for charging and/or discharging an energy store 110 (see Fig. 1) of an electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1) with electrical energy by means of a Charging station 1 coupleable energy source 200 (see Fig.l or 5) set up in a charging process.

The charging station 1 of FIG. 3 has the same features as the charging station 1 shown in FIG. In addition, several components 11, 12 of the electronic control device 10 and several components 21, 22, 23 of the energy meter 20 are shown in FIG. At least the components 12 of the electronic control device 10 and the components 22, 23 of the energy meter 20 are integrated on at least one semiconductor circuit board 30. For example, the components 12 of the control device 10 are a processor and a BIOS or the like, and the components 22, 23 of the energy meter 20 by a processing unit 22 and a memory unit 23, which are in particular designed to conform to calibration law.

The components 11 of the control device 10 that are not integrated on the semiconductor circuit board 30 are, for example, a communication unit and a memory unit. The component 21 of the energy meter 20, which is not integrated on the semiconductor circuit board 30, is, for example, a measuring unit for detecting a current drawn from the electrical energy source 200 (see FIG. 1), a current provided by the electrical energy source 200 Voltage and/or a frequency of a voltage signal provided by the electrical energy source 200 and/or an input and/or output current, an input and/or output voltage and/or an input and/or output power from or to the energy store 110 ( see Fig. 1) of the electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1).

Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of a charging station 1. The charging station 1 is for charging and/or discharging an energy store 110 (see Fig. 1) of an electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1) with electrical energy by means of a Charging station 1 coupleable energy source 200 (see Fig.l or 5) set up in a charging process.

The charging station 1 of FIG. 4 has the same features as the charging station 1 shown in FIG. 2. Additional electrical and/or electronic components 6, 7 of the charging station 1 are also shown. This is, for example, a power switching device 6 and a power supply unit 7, which is set up to provide a respective supply voltage for operating the components 4, 5, 6 and the control device 10 with the energy meter 20. Furthermore, the electrical and/or electronic components 4 of the charging station 1 and the control device 10 are arranged in an integrated electronic system 40 in this example. For example, the integrated electronic system 40 includes a number of semiconductor circuit boards. Preferably, the integrated electronic system 40 includes a bus System via which the components 4 and the control device 10 can transmit data and/or control signals. The integrated electronic system 40 can advantageously be supplied with energy from the individual power pack 7 . Complex wiring of the individual components 4 to the control device 10 is no longer necessary, as a result of which the charging station 1 becomes less complex overall. In addition, the charging station 1 remains clear, since there are fewer individual connections, for example by means of a wire or cable and corresponding plugs, which means that a defect can be identified more quickly, for example. In addition, the risk of a loose contact is reduced.

It should be noted that the charging station 1 of FIG. 4 can additionally also have the features of the charging station 1 of FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a charging station 1. The charging station 1 is for charging and/or discharging an energy store 110 (see Fig. 1) of an electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1) with electrical energy by means of a Charging station 1 coupleable energy source 200 (see Fig.l or 5) set up in a charging process. Outside the charging station 1, an external unit 70 is shown, which is communicatively connected to the charging station 1, in particular to the control device 10 and the energy meter 20, and sends messages, such as a communication signal SIG and/or an encrypted signed data packet VXsig, to the charging station 1 can exchange.

The charging station 1 can have the features of the charging station 1 shown in FIG. 3 and/or FIG. 4 . Although shown separately, the energy meter 20 is a functional part of the control device 10. In the example of FIG the external connections 5 of the charging station 1 includes. The energy meter 20 is designed in particular as a calibration law-compliant energy meter 20 and includes a calibration law-compliant measuring unit 21 for the calibration law-compliant acquisition of raw measurement data X, a calibration law-compliant processing unit 22 and a calibration law-compliant storage unit 23 for calibration-compliant storage of the recorded raw measurement data X. The calibration law conformity of the Energy meter 20 can be certified, for example, by an officially recognized testing agency. Such a certification ensures, for example, that no component of the energy meter 20 that is relevant under calibration law can be manipulated without this being recognizable. In particular, this also applies to an operating system or software that is used when acquiring and/or processing the raw measurement data X. In particular, if such software can be updated, it must be ensured that only software that has itself been certified can be installed with an update.

The processing unit 22 is embodied as a processor, for example. The processing unit 22 includes, for example, a signature unit for generating a signed data packet Xsig, which includes signed raw measurement data X. Furthermore, the processing unit 22 includes an encryption unit for encrypting the signed data packet Xsig to provide an encrypted signed data packet VXsig. The encrypted, signed data packet VXsig can be transmitted to the external unit 70, for example, in order to bill the amount of electrical energy drawn using the charging station 1.

A power switching device 6, which can also be referred to as a safety switching element or safety isolating element, is arranged in the power line to the electrical energy store 110. The power switching device 6 can interrupt a current flow through the charging station 1 from the electrical energy store 110 to the electrical energy source 200 or vice versa at any time. The power switching device 6 is preferably set up for mechanically separating the respective current paths. In this example, the power switching device 6 is controlled by a control signal which is formed as the output signal of an AND gate 12. In this example, the AND gate 12 has two inputs, both of which must have a high level in order for the power switching device 6 to switch the current flow through (switch closed).

A first input to AND gate 12 is generated by energy counter 20 . The energy meter 20 generates the signal only when all components of the energy meter 20 are ready to acquire the raw measurement data X, ie the energy meter 20 is in an operational state. This ensures that current can only actually flow if the energy meter 20 is able to record the amount of energy.

A second input signal for the AND gate 12 is generated by the control device 10 . The control device 10 includes, for example, a safety processor 11. The safety processor 11 monitors, for example on the basis of measured values that are recorded here by a component 4, which is designed as an electrical sensor unit in this exemplary embodiment, whether an operating state of the charging station 1 is safe. This relates, for example, to the monitoring of a maximum current that is allowed to flow through the charging station 1 and/or a maximum current that is allowed to flow via the charging cable 105 . In this case, the respective maximum value can also be dynamically adaptable as a function of environmental conditions, in particular a temperature. The control device 10 only generates the input signal for the AND gate 12 if all safety-critical measured values are correct. In this way, the control device 10 can interrupt the current flow through the charging station 1 via the power switching device 6 at any time if a safety-critical operating state or a other impermissible operating state is determined.

The charging station 1 also has a display device 60 . This is controlled, for example, by the control device 10 and is set up to display the amount of electrical energy supplied measured by the energy meter 20 . The display is based on the recorded raw measurement data X the display device 60 can be updated immediately, without a significant time delay after the raw measurement data X has been recorded, so that the current amount of energy supplied can be displayed at any time. In addition, further information, such as the current total costs for the charging process, can be displayed. It should be noted here that the raw measurement data X that is displayed is read out from the storage unit 23 by the processing unit 22 and is output to the display device 60 . This is preferably done at the instigation of control device 10.

The communication signal SIG can also include current price information for a unit of energy. The unit of energy is preferably a kilowatt hour (kWh). The current price information is preferably received in encrypted form and signed, so that it is ensured that it has not been manipulated and can be authenticated. The price information can include two values, a first price for obtaining electrical energy (ie charging the energy store) and a second price for feeding in electrical energy (ie discharging the energy store). The price information can be used in particular by the energy meter 20 to determine the costs for the current charging process. Furthermore, based on the price information, it can be decided whether the charging process should be continued. For this purpose, for example, the user can specify an upper price limit for the purchase of electrical energy and/or specify the price from which electrical energy is to be fed into the electrical energy source 200 .

Fig. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a method for operating a charging station 1 (see Fig. 1 - 5) for charging and / or discharging an energy store 110 (see Fig. 1) of an electric vehicle 100 (see Fig. 1) with electrical energy by means of an energy source 200 that can be coupled to the charging station 1 (see FIG. 1). In a first step S1, electrical energy is transmitted between the charging station 1 and the energy store 110. This can include charging and/or discharging the electrical energy store 110 . In a second step S2, raw Measurement data X (see Fig. 5) as a function of an amount of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station 1 and the energy store 110 by means of an energy meter 20 integrated in the charging station 1 (see Fig. 2 - 5), in particular an energy meter 20 that conforms to calibration law, is recorded. In a third step S3, the recorded raw measurement data X are stored in a storage unit 23 (see FIG. 5) that conforms to calibration law. In a fourth step S4, stored raw measurement data X are output to a control device 10 integrated in the charging station 1 and/or to a display device 60 integrated in the charging station 1 (see FIG. 5). In addition or as an alternative to the fourth step S4, an encrypted, signed data packet VXsig (see FIG. 5) comprising signed raw measurement data X can be provided in a fifth step S5 and output to a unit 70 external to the charging station 1.

This method can also include further method steps, such as receiving a communication signal SIG (see FIG. 5) and controlling and/or regulating the charging process as a function of the received communication signal SIG, and the like.

The method is carried out, for example, with one of the charging stations 1 shown in FIGS. 1-5.

Although the present invention has been described on the basis of embodiments, it can be modified in many ways.

REFERENCE LIST

1 charging station

2 housing

3 interior

4 component

5 connection

6 power switching device

7 power supply

8 EMC housing

9 EMC filter

10 control device

11 component

12 component

20 energy meters

21 measurement unit

22 processing unit

23 storage unit

30 semiconductor circuit board

40 integrated electronic system

60 display device

70 external unit

100 electric vehicle

105 charging cable

110 energy storage

120 grid connection point

200 energy source

X reading

Xsig signed data package

VXsig encrypted signed data package

Claims

28 CLAIMS

1. Charging station (1) for charging and/or discharging an energy store (110) of an electric vehicle (100) with electrical energy by means of an energy source (200) that can be coupled to the charging station (1) in a charging process, with a housing (2) comprising a Interior (3) in which a plurality of electrical and/or electronic components (4, 5, 6, 7) and an electronic control device (10) coupled to the components (4, 5, 6, 7) for controlling the components ( 4, 5, 6, 7), the electronic control device (10) having an energy meter (20), in particular an energy meter (20) that conforms to calibration law, which is used to measure the energy between the electrical energy source (200) and the charging station (1st ) transmitted quantity of electrical energy and/or the quantity of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110).

2. Charging station according to Claim 1, characterized in that the energy meter (20) of the control device (10) for measuring the amount of electrical energy transmitted between the electrical energy source (200) and the charging station (1) and for measuring the amount of energy transmitted between the charging station (1) and the amount of electrical energy transmitted to the energy store (110) is formed.

3. Charging station according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by a power switching device (6) with a first switching state in which electrical energy can be transmitted between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110), and with a second switching state in which electrical energy cannot be transmitted between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110), the electronic control device (10) being set up to switch the power switching device (6) to the first or the second switching state depending on an operating state of the energy meter (20).

4. Charging station according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electronic control device (10) comprises a number of components (11, 12) and the energy meter (20) comprises a number of components (21, 22, 23), at least some of the Components (12) of the electronic control device (10) and some of the components (22, 23) of the energy meter (20) are integrated on at least one semiconductor circuit board (30).

5. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a number of the plurality of electrical and / or electronic components (4, 5, 6, 7) and the control device (10) with the energy meter (20) together in one integrated electronic system (40) are arranged.

6. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a single power pack (7) for providing a respective supply voltage for operating the number of electrical and / or electronic components (4, 5, 6, 7) and the control device (10) comprising the energy meter (20).

7. Charging station according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the number of electrical and/or electronic components (4, 5, 6, 7) and the control device (10) comprising the energy meter (20) have a common EMC protection device (8 , 9) share.

8. Charging station according to claim 7, characterized in that the EMC protection device comprises a number of EMC filters (9) and/or an EMC protection housing (8).

9. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control device (10) for receiving a communication signal (SIG) from an external unit (70) and for controlling and/or regulating the charging process depending on the received communication signal (SIG ) is set up.

10. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the energy meter (20) is set up to detect a current drawn from the electrical energy source, a voltage provided by the electrical energy source and/or a frequency of a voltage signal provided by the electrical energy source is, wherein the control device (10) for controlling and / or regulating the charging process depending on the detected current and / or the detected voltage and / or the detected frequency is set up.

11. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the energy meter (20) for detecting an input and / or output current, an input and / or output voltage and / or an input and / or output power of the or is set up on the energy store of the electric vehicle, wherein the control device (10) is set up to control and/or regulate the charging process depending on the detected output current, the detected output voltage and/or the detected output power and a respective predetermined threshold value.

12. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the energy meter (20) has a calibration law-compliant measuring unit (21) for the calibration law-compliant acquisition of raw measurement data (X) and a calibration law-compliant forme storage unit (23) for storing the recorded raw measurement data (X) in accordance with calibration law.

13. Charging station according to claim 12, characterized in that the energy meter (20) comprises a signature unit (22) which is set up to provide a signed data packet (Xsig) comprising signed raw measurement data (X).

14. Charging station according to claim 13, characterized in that the energy meter (20) comprises an encryption unit (22) which is set up to provide an encrypted signed data packet (VXsig) based on the signed data packet (Xsig).

15. Charging station according to claim 14, characterized by a communication unit for transmitting the encrypted signed data packet (VXsig) to a unit (70) external to the charging station (1).

16. Charging station according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by a display device (60), wherein the control device (10) is set up to control the display device (60) to display the energy meter (20) measured delivered amount of electrical energy.

17. A method for operating a charging station (1) for charging and/or discharging an energy store (110) of an electric vehicle (100) with electrical energy using an energy source (200) that can be coupled to the charging station (1), with:

Transferring (Sl) electrical energy between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110), 32

Recording (S2) of raw measurement data (X) as a function of an amount of electrical energy transmitted between the charging station (1) and the energy store (110) using an energy meter (20) integrated in the charging station (1), in particular an energy meter (20) that conforms to calibration law , storing (S3) the recorded raw measurement data (X) in a storage unit (23) that conforms to calibration law, and

Outputting (S4) stored raw measurement data (X) to a control device (10) integrated in the charging station (1) and/or to a display device (60) integrated in the charging station (1) and/or providing (S5) an encrypted signed one Data package (VXsig) comprising signed raw measurement data (X) and

Outputting the encrypted signed data packet (VXsig) to a unit (70) external to the charging station (1).