WO2022136315A1 - Device for purging the anode chamber of a fuel cell - Google Patents

Device for purging the anode chamber of a fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022136315A1
WO2022136315A1 PCT/EP2021/086878 EP2021086878W WO2022136315A1 WO 2022136315 A1 WO2022136315 A1 WO 2022136315A1 EP 2021086878 W EP2021086878 W EP 2021086878W WO 2022136315 A1 WO2022136315 A1 WO 2022136315A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
anode compartment
outlet
recovery
gas
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/086878
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Luc Rouveyre
Original Assignee
Naval Group
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2022136315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022136315A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for purging the anode compartment of a fuel cell electrochemical cell.
  • the invention lies in the field of fuel cells, which are converters of chemical energy into electrical energy, used in various sectors, for example in the electrical supply of transport vehicles or in the generation of electricity for extra.
  • a proton exchange membrane fuel cell consists of an assembly of electrochemical cells, each electrochemical cell comprising an anode separated from a cathode by an electrolyte, which is for example a polymer membrane.
  • the electrochemical cell is powered by fuels, which are two different gases, for example hydrogen injected into contact with the anode, and oxygen which is injected into contact with the cathode.
  • Hydrogen decomposes into hydrogen ions and electrons on contact with the anode.
  • the polymer proton exchange membrane makes it possible to separate the fuels introduced into the electrochemical cell, while allowing the circulation of the hydrogen ions produced at the level of the anode towards the cathode.
  • Oxygen reduces on contact with the cathode to form water.
  • the oxidation of hydrogen produces electrons flowing from the anode to the cathode, via an electrical circuit making it possible to supply an external load.
  • the respective supply gases e.g. hydrogen and oxygen
  • the anode compartment is the volume of an electrochemical cell in which the anode electrochemical reaction takes place
  • the cathode compartment the volume of an electrochemical cell in which the cathode electrochemical reaction takes place.
  • the hydrogen supply is carried out from a dedicated hydrogen tank, while the oxygen can be taken from the ambient air.
  • the performance of a hydrogen electrochemical cell is degraded by excessive humidity in the anode compartment, which is liable to form a liquid film on the surface of the anode, and to degrade the electrochemical hydrogen oxidation reaction.
  • a high concentration of inert gas in the anode compartment for example nitrogen present in the ambient air, brought into the cathode compartment, and possibly diffused into the anode compartment through the membrane, also has an influence on operating performance.
  • Patent EP 3 105 808 B1 describes a circuit for purging an anode compartment of an electrochemical cell fuel cell, comprising means for containing a recovery gas comprising an inlet and an outlet. It also comprises a first non-return valve connected to the outlet of the means for containing a recovery gas, so as to prevent the introduction of a gas through this outlet, as well as a second non-return valve connected to the inlet of the gas recovery means. Finally, the circuit comprises a pressure sensor making it possible to measure the pressure of a fluid present in the circuit, and means allowing or prohibiting the circulation of a gas towards the inlet of the anode compartment according to the pressure measurement. This circuit allows the passive recirculation of recovery gases, in particular hydrogen, towards the inlet of the anode compartment, without the need to introduce a compressor. It also allows a purge of inert gases and water.
  • connection channels the internal walls of which are sealed against the transported fluids.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to improve the purge circuit of an anode compartment, in particular to facilitate its implementation in assemblies comprising numerous electrochemical cells.
  • the invention proposes a device for purging the anode compartment of an electrochemical cell of a fuel cell, comprising a buffer volume for recovering fluid discharges from the anode compartment, a first non-return valve connected to a inlet of the anode compartment and a second non-return valve connected to an outlet of the anode compartment.
  • This purge device is such that the buffer volume, the first non-return valve and the second non-return valve are integrated into a single monolithic block, said block comprising a first outlet associated with said first non-return valve and a first associated inlet to said second non-return valve.
  • the integration of the buffer volume, of the first non-return valve and of the second non-return valve in a single monolithic block makes it possible to reduce the size of the purge device, and to facilitate interfacing with the anode compartment.
  • the purge device according to the invention may also have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any technically acceptable combination.
  • the recovery fluid comprises at least one recovery gas and at least one recovery liquid, the device being adapted to receive said recovery fluid via said first inlet when the second non-return valve is open, and to supply said recovery gas at the inlet of the anode compartment via said first outlet when the first non-return valve is open, said first and second non-return valves not being open at the same time.
  • the purge device further comprises a second recovery gas outlet and a third recovery liquid outlet, said second outlet and third outlet being separate.
  • the purge device further comprises a device for measuring the volume of recovery liquid present in the buffer volume, and for opening said third outlet for recovery liquid as a function of said volume of liquid.
  • the purge device further comprises a sensor and an actuator for actuating the opening of the second recovery gas outlet.
  • the invention relates to a fuel cell electrochemical cell, comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, a gas circulation circuit connected to the anode compartment.
  • This electrochemical cell includes an anode compartment purge device as briefly described above.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an electrochemical cell of a fuel cell
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a gas circulation circuit and an anode compartment purge device according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents a gas circulation circuit and an anode compartment purge device according to a variant.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates an electrochemical cell 2, to which an electric load 4 is connected, which consumes the electricity produced by the electrochemical cell 2.
  • a fuel cell is made up of a set of such assembled electrochemical cells, or “cell stack assembly” in English.
  • the electrochemical cell 2 comprises a cathode 6, an anode 8, separated by an electrolyte membrane 10.
  • the membrane 10 is for example a polymer membrane, for example made of PTFE.
  • the electrochemical cell is supplied with fuels, which are gases G1 and G2.
  • a first gas G1 for example oxygen
  • a first gas G1 is supplied at the inlet of a cathode compartment 12 via an oxygen circulation circuit 14, and recovery fluids R1 are discharged via an outlet channel.
  • the electrochemical cell 2 also comprises circuit 22 for the circulation of a second gas G2, connected to an anode compartment 20 comprising the anode 8, at the input of which the second gas G2 is supplied, for example hydrogen or a gas with a high hydrogen concentration, preferably greater than 99%.
  • a second gas G2 for example hydrogen or a gas with a high hydrogen concentration, preferably greater than 99%.
  • this other gas is for example nitrogen, and/or carbon dioxide and/or methane.
  • the gas circulation circuit 22 which comprises a purge device 24.
  • Recovery fluids R2 in particular water and inert gases, for example nitrogen, are rejected at the outlet of the purge device 24 of the anode compartment.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a gas circulation circuit 22 for the anode compartment, comprising a purge device 24 for the anode compartment according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Circuit 22 of Figure 2 is connected to an anode compartment 20.
  • the purge device 24 integrates in a single block 25 or monolithic volume a buffer volume 26, adapted to receive recovery fluids, gas or liquid, coming from the anode compartment 20, a first check valve 28 and a second check valve. -return 30.
  • the block 25 is for example a container of given geometric shape, for example parallelepiped.
  • the buffer volume 26 is adapted to receive recovery fluids comprising liquid 32, for example water and recovery gases 34.
  • the buffer volume is adapted to contain between 500 ml and 22 I of recovery fluid.
  • the first non-return valve 28 is arranged upstream, in the direction of gas flow indicated by the arrows, of an inlet 20A of the anode compartment 20, and forms a first outlet 36 of the purge device 24. This first valve non-return 28 allows fluid flow from the buffer volume 26 to the anode compartment 20, but prevents fluid circulation from the anode compartment to the buffer volume.
  • the second non-return valve 30 is disposed downstream, in the direction of gas flow, of an outlet 20B of the anode compartment 20, and forms a first inlet 38 of the purge device 24. This second non-return valve 30 allows fluid flow from the anode compartment 20 to the buffer volume 26, but prevents fluid flow from the buffer volume to the anode compartment 20.
  • the first and second non-return valves can be identical and are for example of the bellows type, or of the ball or concentric disc type.
  • the purge device 24 comprises a second outlet 40, making it possible to evacuate inert gases, for example nitrogen, accumulated in the buffer volume, as well as a third outlet 42 allowing water to be evacuated in the liquid state 32.
  • inert gases for example nitrogen
  • the purge device includes a water volume measuring device 44, for example in the form of a float.
  • a water volume measuring device 44 for example in the form of a float.
  • the gas circulation circuit 22 also comprises a pressure sensor 50, adapted to measure the pressure in the circuit 22, for example connected between the outlet 20B of the anode compartment and the second non-return valve 30 of the purge device 24.
  • the pressure sensor 50 can be placed at any point of circuit 22.
  • a valve 52 for example an "all or nothing” type solenoid valve, is controlled according to the pressure measurements, via an actuator 54 controlled by control means 56.
  • the control means 56 consist for example of a microcomputer, or a microprocessor specially programmed for this purpose, or an automaton.
  • Pressure threshold values are chosen beforehand and stored, depending on the membrane 10, so that the pressure difference between the anode 8 and the cathode 6 remains within a predetermined range, considered acceptable.
  • a pressure difference considered acceptable is such that the risk of mechanical degradation of the membrane is low, below a predetermined threshold.
  • the valve 52 When the sensor 50 detects a pressure value, at the outlet of the anode compartment, greater than the second threshold value V2, the valve 52 is closed. When the sensor 50 detects a pressure value, at the outlet of the anode compartment, lower than the first threshold value V1, the valve 52 is opened.
  • the circuit 22 also includes an element 58 allowing the entry of gases into the anode compartment 20, for example a three-branch connection, a first branch 58A being connected to the first non-return valve 30, a second branch 58B being connected to the input 20A of the anode compartment 20, and a third branch 58C being connected to an output 52B of the valve 52.
  • an element 58 allowing the entry of gases into the anode compartment 20, for example a three-branch connection, a first branch 58A being connected to the first non-return valve 30, a second branch 58B being connected to the input 20A of the anode compartment 20, and a third branch 58C being connected to an output 52B of the valve 52.
  • valve 52 is connected to a gas inlet G2, for example to a pressurized hydrogen supply device (not shown).
  • the inlet 52A of the valve 52 is connected to a regulator 60, connected between the gas inlet G2 and the valve 52.
  • the regulator makes it possible to limit the pressure in the anode compartment while allowing high gas flow rates .
  • valve 52 and the first and second non-return valves 28, 30 are closed, the quantity of hydrogen in the anode compartment decreases due to the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen oxidation and migration of ions. oxidized towards the cathode.
  • the first valve 28 opens, while the second valve 30 remains closed.
  • the recovery gas 34 contained in the buffer volume will circulate towards the inlet 20B of the anode compartment, in a so-called gas recirculation phase.
  • This recovery gas contains a percentage of hydrogen and a percentage of inert gas, in particular nitrogen, for example 20% hydrogen and 80% nitrogen.
  • the pressure in the anode compartment decreases, and when it is lower than the first threshold value V1, a command to open the valve 52 is sent, and gas G2, for example compressed hydrogen, is supplied to the inlet of the anode compartment.
  • gas G2 for example compressed hydrogen
  • the valve 52 When the pressure of the anode compartment 20 reaches the second threshold value V2, the valve 52 is closed, and the hydrogen pressure begins to decrease in the anode compartment 20 following the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen oxidation, which leads to a new operating cycle.
  • the circuit 22 allows the recirculation of hydrogen in the anode compartment and the purging of fluids towards the purging device 24.
  • the purge device 24 is adapted to purge the accumulated water, for example according to the volume of accumulated water.
  • the purge device 24 further comprises a second pressure sensor 70 making it possible to measure the gas pressure in the buffer volume 26, and adapted to actuate via an actuator 72 the opening of the second gas outlet 40.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for purging the anode chamber of an electrochemical fuel cell, comprising a buffer space for collecting fluid waste from the anode chamber, a first non-return valve connected to an inlet of the anode chamber and a second non-return valve connected to an outlet of the anode chamber. In said device, the buffer space (26), the first non-return valve (28) and the second non-return valve (30) are integrated into a single monolithic block, the block comprising a first outlet (36) associated with the first non-return valve (28) and a first inlet (38) associated with the second non-return valve (30).

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : Dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique d’une pile à combustible TITLE: Fuel cell anode compartment purge device
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique d’une cellule électrochimique de pile à combustible. The present invention relates to a device for purging the anode compartment of a fuel cell electrochemical cell.
L’invention se situe dans le domaine des piles à combustibles, qui sont des convertisseurs d’énergie chimique en énergie électrique, utilisées dans divers secteurs, par exemple dans l’alimentation électrique des véhicules de transport ou dans la génération d’électricité d’appoint. The invention lies in the field of fuel cells, which are converters of chemical energy into electrical energy, used in various sectors, for example in the electrical supply of transport vehicles or in the generation of electricity for extra.
De manière connue, une pile à combustible à membrane d’échange de protons est constituée d’un assemblage de cellules électrochimiques, chaque cellule électrochimique comprenant une anode séparée d’une cathode par un électrolyte, qui est par exemple une membrane en polymère. La cellule électrochimique est alimentée par des combustibles, qui sont deux gaz différents, par exemple de l’hydrogène injecté au contact de l’anode, et de l’oxygène qui est injecté au contact de la cathode. In known manner, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell consists of an assembly of electrochemical cells, each electrochemical cell comprising an anode separated from a cathode by an electrolyte, which is for example a polymer membrane. The electrochemical cell is powered by fuels, which are two different gases, for example hydrogen injected into contact with the anode, and oxygen which is injected into contact with the cathode.
L’hydrogène se décompose en ions hydrogène et électrons au contact de l’anode. La membrane d’échange de protons en polymère permet de séparer les combustibles introduits dans la cellule électrochimique, tout en permettant la circulation des ions hydrogène produits au niveau de l’anode vers la cathode. L’oxygène réduit au contact de la cathode pour former de l’eau. L’oxydation de l’hydrogène produit des électrons circulant de l’anode vers la cathode, via un circuit électrique permettant d’alimenter une charge externe. Les gaz d’alimentation respectifs (e.g. hydrogène et oxygène) sont fournis par des canaux d’alimentation reliés à des circuits de circulation de gaz, anodique et cathodique, qui permettent également d’évacuer des produits des réactions électrochimiques. On appelle compartiment anodique le volume d’une cellule électrochimique dans lequel a lieu la réaction électrochimique d’anode, et compartiment cathodique le volume d’une cellule électrochimique dans lequel a lieu la réaction électrochimique de cathode. Hydrogen decomposes into hydrogen ions and electrons on contact with the anode. The polymer proton exchange membrane makes it possible to separate the fuels introduced into the electrochemical cell, while allowing the circulation of the hydrogen ions produced at the level of the anode towards the cathode. Oxygen reduces on contact with the cathode to form water. The oxidation of hydrogen produces electrons flowing from the anode to the cathode, via an electrical circuit making it possible to supply an external load. The respective supply gases (e.g. hydrogen and oxygen) are supplied by supply channels connected to gas circulation circuits, anodic and cathodic, which also allow the products of the electrochemical reactions to be evacuated. The anode compartment is the volume of an electrochemical cell in which the anode electrochemical reaction takes place, and the cathode compartment the volume of an electrochemical cell in which the cathode electrochemical reaction takes place.
Dans une cellule électrochimique à hydrogène telle que brièvement décrite ci- dessus, l’alimentation en hydrogène est effectuée à partir d’un réservoir à hydrogène dédié, alors que l’oxygène peut être prélevé dans l’air ambiant. In a hydrogen electrochemical cell as briefly described above, the hydrogen supply is carried out from a dedicated hydrogen tank, while the oxygen can be taken from the ambient air.
Les performances d’une cellule électrochimique à hydrogène sont dégradées par un taux d’humidité trop important dans le compartiment anodique, qui est susceptible de former un film liquide sur la surface de l’anode, et de dégrader la réaction électrochimique d’oxydation de l’hydrogène. De plus, une concentration importante de gaz inerte dans le compartiment anodique, par exemple de l’azote présent dans l’air ambiant, amené dans le compartiment cathodique, et éventuellement diffusé dans le compartiment anodique à travers la membrane, a également une influence sur la performance de fonctionnement. The performance of a hydrogen electrochemical cell is degraded by excessive humidity in the anode compartment, which is liable to form a liquid film on the surface of the anode, and to degrade the electrochemical hydrogen oxidation reaction. In addition, a high concentration of inert gas in the anode compartment, for example nitrogen present in the ambient air, brought into the cathode compartment, and possibly diffused into the anode compartment through the membrane, also has an influence on operating performance.
Ainsi, il est connu de prévoir une purge régulière des gaz inertes et de l’eau accumulés dans un compartiment anodique d’une cellule électrochimique. Thus, it is known to provide regular purging of inert gases and water accumulated in an anode compartment of an electrochemical cell.
Le brevet EP 3 105 808 B1 décrit un circuit de purge d’un compartiment anodique de cellule à combustible de pile électrochimique, comprenant des moyens pour contenir un gaz de récupération comprenant une entrée et une sortie. Il comporte également un premier clapet anti-retour connecté à la sortie des moyens pour contenir un gaz de récupération, de manière à empêcher l’introduction d’un gaz par cette sortie, ainsi qu’un second clapet anti-retour connecté à l’entrée des moyens de récupération de gaz. Enfin, le circuit comporte un capteur de pression permettant de mesurer la pression d’un fluide présent dans le circuit, et des moyens permettant ou interdisant la circulation d’un gaz vers l’entrée du compartiment anodique en fonction de la mesure de pression. Ce circuit permet la recirculation passive de gaz de récupération, notamment de l’hydrogène, vers l’entrée du compartiment anodique, sans nécessité d’introduire un compresseur. Il permet également une purge des gaz inertes et de l’eau. Patent EP 3 105 808 B1 describes a circuit for purging an anode compartment of an electrochemical cell fuel cell, comprising means for containing a recovery gas comprising an inlet and an outlet. It also comprises a first non-return valve connected to the outlet of the means for containing a recovery gas, so as to prevent the introduction of a gas through this outlet, as well as a second non-return valve connected to the inlet of the gas recovery means. Finally, the circuit comprises a pressure sensor making it possible to measure the pressure of a fluid present in the circuit, and means allowing or prohibiting the circulation of a gas towards the inlet of the anode compartment according to the pressure measurement. This circuit allows the passive recirculation of recovery gases, in particular hydrogen, towards the inlet of the anode compartment, without the need to introduce a compressor. It also allows a purge of inert gases and water.
Néanmoins, il est nécessaire de gérer les connexions et interfaces entre les divers éléments, les connexions étant effectuées via des canaux de connexion, dont les parois internes sont étanches aux fluides transportés. Nevertheless, it is necessary to manage the connections and interfaces between the various elements, the connections being made via connection channels, the internal walls of which are sealed against the transported fluids.
Un des objets de la présente invention est d’améliorer le circuit de purge d’un compartiment anodique, en particulier pour faciliter sa mise en œuvre dans des assemblages comprenant de nombreuses cellules électrochimiques. One of the objects of the present invention is to improve the purge circuit of an anode compartment, in particular to facilitate its implementation in assemblies comprising numerous electrochemical cells.
A cet effet, l’invention propose un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique d’une cellule électrochimique d’une pile à combustible, comportant un volume tampon de récupération de rejets de fluide du compartiment anodique, un premier clapet anti-retour connecté à une entrée du compartiment anodique et un deuxième clapet anti-retour connecté à une sortie du compartiment anodique. Ce dispositif de purge est tel que le volume tampon, le premier clapet anti-retour et le deuxième clapet anti-retour sont intégrés dans un seul bloc monolithique, ledit bloc comportant une première sortie associée audit premier clapet anti-retour et une première entrée associée audit deuxième clapet anti-retour. Avantageusement, l’intégration du volume tampon, du premier clapet antiretour et du deuxième clapet anti-retour dans un seul bloc monolithique permet de réduire l’encombrement du dispositif de purge, et de faciliter l’interfaçage avec le compartiment anodique. To this end, the invention proposes a device for purging the anode compartment of an electrochemical cell of a fuel cell, comprising a buffer volume for recovering fluid discharges from the anode compartment, a first non-return valve connected to a inlet of the anode compartment and a second non-return valve connected to an outlet of the anode compartment. This purge device is such that the buffer volume, the first non-return valve and the second non-return valve are integrated into a single monolithic block, said block comprising a first outlet associated with said first non-return valve and a first associated inlet to said second non-return valve. Advantageously, the integration of the buffer volume, of the first non-return valve and of the second non-return valve in a single monolithic block makes it possible to reduce the size of the purge device, and to facilitate interfacing with the anode compartment.
Le dispositif de purge selon l’invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, prises indépendamment ou selon toutes combinaisons techniquement acceptables. The purge device according to the invention may also have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any technically acceptable combination.
Le fluide de récupération comporte au moins un gaz de récupération et au moins un liquide de récupération, le dispositif étant adapté à recevoir ledit fluide de récupération via ladite première entrée lorsque le deuxième clapet anti-retour est ouvert, et à fournir ledit gaz de récupération en entrée du compartiment anodique via ladite première sortie lorsque le premier clapet anti-retour est ouvert, lesdits premier et deuxième clapets anti-retour n’étant pas ouverts en même temps. The recovery fluid comprises at least one recovery gas and at least one recovery liquid, the device being adapted to receive said recovery fluid via said first inlet when the second non-return valve is open, and to supply said recovery gas at the inlet of the anode compartment via said first outlet when the first non-return valve is open, said first and second non-return valves not being open at the same time.
Le dispositif de purge comporte en outre une deuxième sortie de gaz de récupération et une troisième sortie de liquide de récupération, lesdites deuxième sortie et troisième sortie étant distinctes. The purge device further comprises a second recovery gas outlet and a third recovery liquid outlet, said second outlet and third outlet being separate.
Le dispositif de purge comporte en outre un dispositif de mesure du volume de liquide de récupération présent dans le volume tampon, et d’ouverture de ladite troisième sortie de liquide de récupération en fonction dudit volume de liquide. The purge device further comprises a device for measuring the volume of recovery liquid present in the buffer volume, and for opening said third outlet for recovery liquid as a function of said volume of liquid.
Le dispositif de purge comporte en outre un capteur et un actionneur permettant d’actionner l’ouverture de la deuxième sortie de gaz de récupération. The purge device further comprises a sensor and an actuator for actuating the opening of the second recovery gas outlet.
Selon un autre aspect, l’invention concerne une cellule électrochimique de pile à combustible, comportant un compartiment anodique et un compartiment cathodique, un circuit de circulation de gaz connecté au compartiment anodique. Cette cellule électrochimique comporte un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique tel que brièvement décrit ci-dessus. According to another aspect, the invention relates to a fuel cell electrochemical cell, comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, a gas circulation circuit connected to the anode compartment. This electrochemical cell includes an anode compartment purge device as briefly described above.
D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d’une cellule électrochimique d’une pile à combustible; Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an electrochemical cell of a fuel cell;
La figure 2 représente schématiquement un circuit de circulation de gaz et un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique selon un mode de réalisation ; FIG. 2 schematically represents a gas circulation circuit and an anode compartment purge device according to one embodiment;
La figure 3 représente schématiquement un circuit de circulation de gaz et un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique selon une variante. La figure 1 illustre schématiquement une cellule électrochimique 2, à laquelle est connectée une charge électrique 4, qui consomme l’électricité produite par la cellule électrochimique 2. FIG. 3 schematically represents a gas circulation circuit and an anode compartment purge device according to a variant. Figure 1 schematically illustrates an electrochemical cell 2, to which an electric load 4 is connected, which consumes the electricity produced by the electrochemical cell 2.
En pratique, une pile à combustible est constituée d’un ensemble de telles cellules électrochimiques assemblées, ou « cell stack assembly » en anglais. La cellule électrochimique 2 comporte une cathode 6, une anode 8, séparées par une membrane électrolyte 10. In practice, a fuel cell is made up of a set of such assembled electrochemical cells, or “cell stack assembly” in English. The electrochemical cell 2 comprises a cathode 6, an anode 8, separated by an electrolyte membrane 10.
La membrane 10 est par exemple une membrane polymère, par exemple en PTFE. The membrane 10 is for example a polymer membrane, for example made of PTFE.
La cellule électrochimique est alimentée par des combustibles, qui sont des gaz G1 et G2. The electrochemical cell is supplied with fuels, which are gases G1 and G2.
Un premier gaz G1, par exemple de l’oxygène, est fourni en entrée d’un compartiment cathodique 12 via un circuit de circulation d’oxygène 14, et des fluides de récupération R1 sont évacués par une voie de sortie. A first gas G1, for example oxygen, is supplied at the inlet of a cathode compartment 12 via an oxygen circulation circuit 14, and recovery fluids R1 are discharged via an outlet channel.
La cellule électrochimique 2 comporte également circuit 22 de circulation d’un deuxième gaz G2, connecté à un compartiment anodique 20 comportant l’anode 8, en entrée duquel est fourni le deuxième gaz G2, par exemple de l’hydrogène ou un gaz à forte concentration en hydrogène, de préférence supérieure à 99%. Dans le cas où l’hydrogène est mélangé à un autre gaz, cet autre gaz est par exemple de l’azote, et/ou du dioxyde de carbone et/ou du méthane. The electrochemical cell 2 also comprises circuit 22 for the circulation of a second gas G2, connected to an anode compartment 20 comprising the anode 8, at the input of which the second gas G2 is supplied, for example hydrogen or a gas with a high hydrogen concentration, preferably greater than 99%. In the case where the hydrogen is mixed with another gas, this other gas is for example nitrogen, and/or carbon dioxide and/or methane.
Le circuit de circulation de gaz 22 qui comporte un dispositif de purge 24. Des fluides de récupération R2, notamment eau et gaz inertes, par exemple azote, sont rejetés en sortie du dispositif de purge 24 du compartiment anodique. The gas circulation circuit 22 which comprises a purge device 24. Recovery fluids R2, in particular water and inert gases, for example nitrogen, are rejected at the outlet of the purge device 24 of the anode compartment.
La figure 2 illustre schématiquement un circuit de circulation de gaz 22 pour compartiment anodique, comportant un dispositif de purge 24 pour compartiment anodique selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a gas circulation circuit 22 for the anode compartment, comprising a purge device 24 for the anode compartment according to one embodiment of the invention.
Le circuit 22 de la figure 2, est connecté à un compartiment anodique 20.Circuit 22 of Figure 2 is connected to an anode compartment 20.
Le dispositif de purge 24 intègre dans un seul bloc 25 ou volume monolithique un volume tampon 26, adapté à recevoir des fluides de récupération, gaz ou liquide, en provenance du compartiment anodique 20, un premier clapet anti-retour 28 et un deuxième clapet anti-retour 30. The purge device 24 integrates in a single block 25 or monolithic volume a buffer volume 26, adapted to receive recovery fluids, gas or liquid, coming from the anode compartment 20, a first check valve 28 and a second check valve. -return 30.
Le bloc 25 est par exemple un conteneur de forme géométrique donnée, par exemple parallélépipédique. The block 25 is for example a container of given geometric shape, for example parallelepiped.
Le volume tampon 26 est adapté à recevoir des fluides de récupération comprenant du liquide 32, par exemple de l’eau et des gaz de récupération 34. Le volume tampon est adapté à contenir entre 500 ml et 22 I de fluide de récupération. The buffer volume 26 is adapted to receive recovery fluids comprising liquid 32, for example water and recovery gases 34. The buffer volume is adapted to contain between 500 ml and 22 I of recovery fluid.
Le premier clapet anti-retour 28 est disposé en amont, dans le sens d’écoulement des gaz indiqué par les flèches, d’une entrée 20A du compartiment anodique 20, et forme une première sortie 36 du dispositif de purge 24. Ce premier clapet anti-retour 28 permet un écoulement de fluide du volume tampon 26 vers le compartiment anodique 20, mais empêche une circulation de fluide du compartiment anodique vers le volume tampon. The first non-return valve 28 is arranged upstream, in the direction of gas flow indicated by the arrows, of an inlet 20A of the anode compartment 20, and forms a first outlet 36 of the purge device 24. This first valve non-return 28 allows fluid flow from the buffer volume 26 to the anode compartment 20, but prevents fluid circulation from the anode compartment to the buffer volume.
Le deuxième clapet anti-retour 30 est disposé en aval, dans le sens d’écoulement des gaz, d’une sortie 20B du compartiment anodique 20, et forme une première entrée 38 du dispositif de purge 24. Ce deuxième clapet anti-retour 30 permet un écoulement de fluide du compartiment anodique 20 vers le volume tampon 26, mais empêche une circulation de fluide du volume tampon vers le compartiment anodique 20. The second non-return valve 30 is disposed downstream, in the direction of gas flow, of an outlet 20B of the anode compartment 20, and forms a first inlet 38 of the purge device 24. This second non-return valve 30 allows fluid flow from the anode compartment 20 to the buffer volume 26, but prevents fluid flow from the buffer volume to the anode compartment 20.
Les premier et deuxième clapets anti-retour peuvent être identiques et sont par exemple du type à soufflet, ou à bille ou à disque concentrique. The first and second non-return valves can be identical and are for example of the bellows type, or of the ball or concentric disc type.
De plus, dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, le dispositif de purge 24 comporte une deuxième sortie 40, permettant d’évacuer des gaz inertes, par exemple de l’azote, accumulés dans le volume tampon, ainsi qu’une troisième sortie 42 permettant d’évacuer de l’eau à l’état liquide 32. Moreover, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the purge device 24 comprises a second outlet 40, making it possible to evacuate inert gases, for example nitrogen, accumulated in the buffer volume, as well as a third outlet 42 allowing water to be evacuated in the liquid state 32.
Le dispositif de purge comporte un dispositif de mesure de volume d’eau 44, par exemple sous forme de flotteur. Ainsi, il est possible de commander l’ouverture de la sortie 42 pour évacuer le liquide de récupération présent dans le volume tampon en fonction du volume de liquide. The purge device includes a water volume measuring device 44, for example in the form of a float. Thus, it is possible to control the opening of the outlet 42 to evacuate the recovery liquid present in the buffer volume according to the volume of liquid.
Le circuit de circulation de gaz 22 comporte également un capteur de pression 50, adapté à mesurer la pression dans le circuit 22, par exemple connecté entre la sortie 20B du compartiment anodique et le deuxième clapet anti-retour 30 du dispositif de purge 24. Le capteur de pression 50 peut être placé en tout point de circuit 22. The gas circulation circuit 22 also comprises a pressure sensor 50, adapted to measure the pressure in the circuit 22, for example connected between the outlet 20B of the anode compartment and the second non-return valve 30 of the purge device 24. The pressure sensor 50 can be placed at any point of circuit 22.
Une vanne 52, par exemple une électrovanne de type « tout ou rien » est pilotée en fonction des mesures de pression, par l’intermédiaire d’un actionneur 54 commandé par des moyens de commande 56. A valve 52, for example an "all or nothing" type solenoid valve, is controlled according to the pressure measurements, via an actuator 54 controlled by control means 56.
Les moyens de commande 56 sont par exemple constitués d’un microordinateur, ou un micro-processeur spécialement programmé à cet effet, ou un automate. Des valeurs de seuil de pression, respectivement une première valeur minimale V1 et un deuxième valeur maximale V2, sont préalablement choisies et mémorisées, en fonction de la membrane 10, de sorte que la différence de pression entre l’anode 8 et la cathode 6 reste dans une plage prédéterminée, considérée acceptable. Une différence de pression considérée acceptable est telle que le risque de dégradation mécanique de la membrane est faible, inférieur à un seuil prédéterminé. The control means 56 consist for example of a microcomputer, or a microprocessor specially programmed for this purpose, or an automaton. Pressure threshold values, respectively a first minimum value V1 and a second maximum value V2, are chosen beforehand and stored, depending on the membrane 10, so that the pressure difference between the anode 8 and the cathode 6 remains within a predetermined range, considered acceptable. A pressure difference considered acceptable is such that the risk of mechanical degradation of the membrane is low, below a predetermined threshold.
Lorsque le capteur 50 détecte une valeur de pression, en sortie du compartiment anodique, supérieure à la deuxième valeur de seuil V2, la vanne 52 est fermée. Lorsque le capteur 50 détecte une valeur de pression, en sortie du compartiment anodique, inférieure à la première valeur de seuil V1 , la vanne 52 est ouverte. When the sensor 50 detects a pressure value, at the outlet of the anode compartment, greater than the second threshold value V2, the valve 52 is closed. When the sensor 50 detects a pressure value, at the outlet of the anode compartment, lower than the first threshold value V1, the valve 52 is opened.
Le circuit 22 comporte également un élément 58 permettant l’entrée des gaz dans le compartiment anodique 20, par exemple un raccord à trois branches, une première branche 58A étant connectée au premier clapet anti-retour 30, une deuxième branche 58B étant connectée à l’entrée 20A du compartiment anodique 20, et une troisième branche 58C étant connectée à une sortie 52B de la vanne 52. The circuit 22 also includes an element 58 allowing the entry of gases into the anode compartment 20, for example a three-branch connection, a first branch 58A being connected to the first non-return valve 30, a second branch 58B being connected to the input 20A of the anode compartment 20, and a third branch 58C being connected to an output 52B of the valve 52.
Une entrée 52A de la vanne 52 est connectée à une entrée de gaz G2, par exemple à un dispositif d’alimentation en hydrogène sous pression (non représenté). An inlet 52A of valve 52 is connected to a gas inlet G2, for example to a pressurized hydrogen supply device (not shown).
Optionnellement, l’entrée 52A de la vanne 52 est connectée à un détendeur 60, connecté entre l’entrée de gaz G2 et la vanne 52. Avantageusement le détendeur permet de limiter la pression dans le compartiment anodique tout en permettant des débits de gaz importants. Optionally, the inlet 52A of the valve 52 is connected to a regulator 60, connected between the gas inlet G2 and the valve 52. Advantageously, the regulator makes it possible to limit the pressure in the anode compartment while allowing high gas flow rates .
En fonctionnement, lorsque la vanne 52 et les premier et deuxième clapets anti-retour 28, 30 sont fermés, la quantité d’hydrogène dans le compartiment anodique diminue du fait de la réaction électrochimique d’oxydation de l’hydrogène et de migration des ions oxydés vers la cathode. In operation, when the valve 52 and the first and second non-return valves 28, 30 are closed, the quantity of hydrogen in the anode compartment decreases due to the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen oxidation and migration of ions. oxidized towards the cathode.
Lorsque la différence de pression entre le volume tampon 26 et le compartiment anodique 20 est inférieure à la pression de tarage du premier clapet anti-retour 28, le premier clapet 28 s’ouvre, alors que le deuxième clapet 30 reste fermé. Le gaz de récupération 34 contenu dans le volume tampon va circuler vers l’entrée 20B du compartiment anodique, dans une phase dite de recirculation de gaz. Ce gaz de récupération contient un pourcentage d’hydrogène et un pourcentage de gaz inerte, en particulier d’azote, par exemple 20% d’hydrogène et 80% d’azote. When the pressure difference between the buffer volume 26 and the anode compartment 20 is lower than the calibration pressure of the first non-return valve 28, the first valve 28 opens, while the second valve 30 remains closed. The recovery gas 34 contained in the buffer volume will circulate towards the inlet 20B of the anode compartment, in a so-called gas recirculation phase. This recovery gas contains a percentage of hydrogen and a percentage of inert gas, in particular nitrogen, for example 20% hydrogen and 80% nitrogen.
La pression dans le compartiment anodique décroît, et lorsqu’elle est inférieure à la première valeur de seuil V1, une commande d’ouverture de la vanne 52 est envoyée, et du gaz G2, par exemple de l’hydrogène compressé, est fourni en entrée du compartiment anodique. The pressure in the anode compartment decreases, and when it is lower than the first threshold value V1, a command to open the valve 52 is sent, and gas G2, for example compressed hydrogen, is supplied to the inlet of the anode compartment.
La pression augmente dans le compartiment anodique 20 ce qui entraîne la fermeture du premier clapet anti-retour 28. Ensuite le deuxième clapet anti-retour 30 est ouvert lorsque la pression dans le compartiment anodique 20 dépasse la pression dans le volume tampon 26. Les fluides, gaz et liquide, du compartiment anodique sont alors purgés vers le dispositif de purge 24. The pressure increases in the anode compartment 20 which causes the closure of the first non-return valve 28. Then the second non-return valve 30 is opened when the pressure in the anode compartment 20 exceeds the pressure in the buffer volume 26. The fluids , gas and liquid, from the anode compartment are then purged to the purge device 24.
Lorsque la pression du compartiment anodique 20 atteint la deuxième valeur de seuil V2, la vanne 52 est fermée, et la pression d’hydrogène commence à diminuer dans le compartiment anodique 20 suite à la réaction électrochimique d’oxydation de l’hydrogène, ce qui conduit à un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement. When the pressure of the anode compartment 20 reaches the second threshold value V2, the valve 52 is closed, and the hydrogen pressure begins to decrease in the anode compartment 20 following the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen oxidation, which leads to a new operating cycle.
Le circuit 22 permet la recirculation d’hydrogène dans le compartiment anodique et la purge de fluides vers de dispositif de purge 24. The circuit 22 allows the recirculation of hydrogen in the anode compartment and the purging of fluids towards the purging device 24.
Le dispositif de purge 24 est adapté à purger l’eau accumulée, par exemple en fonction du volume d’eau accumulé. The purge device 24 is adapted to purge the accumulated water, for example according to the volume of accumulated water.
Dans une variante de mise en œuvre illustrée à la figure 3, le dispositif de purge 24 comporte en outre un deuxième capteur de pression 70 permettant de mesurer la pression de gaz dans le volume tampon 26, et adapté à actionner via un actionneur 72 l’ouverture de la deuxième sortie de gaz 40. In a variant implementation illustrated in FIG. 3, the purge device 24 further comprises a second pressure sensor 70 making it possible to measure the gas pressure in the buffer volume 26, and adapted to actuate via an actuator 72 the opening of the second gas outlet 40.

Claims

8 REVENDICATIONS 8 CLAIMS
1. Dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique d’une cellule électrochimique d’une pile à combustible, comportant un volume tampon de récupération de rejets de fluide du compartiment anodique, un premier clapet antiretour connecté à une entrée du compartiment anodique et un deuxième clapet antiretour connecté à une sortie du compartiment anodique, caractérisé en ce que le volume tampon (26), le premier clapet anti-retour (28) et le deuxième clapet antiretour (30) sont intégrés dans un seul bloc monolithique (25), ledit bloc (25) comportant une première sortie (36) associée audit premier clapet anti-retour (28) et une première entrée (38) associée audit deuxième clapet anti-retour (30). 1. Anode compartment purge device of an electrochemical cell of a fuel cell, comprising a buffer volume for recovering fluid discharges from the anode compartment, a first check valve connected to an inlet of the anode compartment and a second check valve connected to an outlet of the anode compartment, characterized in that the buffer volume (26), the first non-return valve (28) and the second non-return valve (30) are integrated into a single monolithic block (25), said block ( 25) having a first outlet (36) associated with said first check valve (28) and a first inlet (38) associated with said second check valve (30).
2. Dispositif de purge selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le fluide de récupération comporte au moins un gaz de récupération (34) et au moins un liquide de récupération (32), le dispositif étant adapté à recevoir ledit fluide de récupération via ladite première entrée (38) lorsque le deuxième clapet anti-retour (30) est ouvert, et à fournir ledit gaz de récupération (34) en entrée (20A) du compartiment anodique (20) via ladite première sortie (36) lorsque le premier clapet anti-retour (28) est ouvert, lesdits premier (28) et deuxième (30) clapets anti-retour n’étant pas ouverts en même temps. 2. Purge device according to claim 1, wherein the recovery fluid comprises at least one recovery gas (34) and at least one recovery liquid (32), the device being adapted to receive said recovery fluid via said first inlet (38) when the second check valve (30) is open, and supplying said recovery gas (34) to the inlet (20A) of the anode compartment (20) via said first outlet (36) when the first check valve -return (28) is open, said first (28) and second (30) non-return valves not being open at the same time.
3. Dispositif de purge selon la revendication 2, comportant en outre une deuxième sortie (40) de gaz de récupération (34) et une troisième sortie (42) de liquide de récupération (32), lesdites deuxième sortie (40) et troisième sortie (42) étant distinctes. 3. Purge device according to claim 2, further comprising a second outlet (40) for recovery gas (34) and a third outlet (42) for recovery liquid (32), said second outlet (40) and third outlet (42) being distinct.
4. Dispositif de purge selon l’une des revendications 2 ou 3, comportant en outre un dispositif de mesure (44) du volume de liquide de récupération (32) présent dans le volume tampon, et d’ouverture de ladite troisième sortie (42) de liquide de récupération (32) en fonction dudit volume de liquide. 4. Purge device according to one of claims 2 or 3, further comprising a measuring device (44) of the volume of recovery liquid (32) present in the buffer volume, and opening of said third outlet (42 ) of recovery liquid (32) according to said volume of liquid.
5. Dispositif de purge selon l’une des revendications 2 à 4, comportant en outre un capteur (70) et un actionneur (72) permettant d’actionner l’ouverture de la deuxième sortie (40) de gaz de récupération. 5. Purge device according to one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a sensor (70) and an actuator (72) for actuating the opening of the second outlet (40) of recovery gas.
6. Dispositif de purge selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les premier et deuxième clapets anti-retour sont du type à soufflet, ou à bille ou à disque concentrique. 6. Bleed device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first and second non-return valves are of the bellows, or ball or concentric disc type.
7. Cellule électrochimique de pile à combustible, comportant un compartiment anodique et un compartiment cathodique, un circuit de circulation de 9 gaz connecté au compartiment anodique, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte un dispositif de purge de compartiment anodique conforme aux revendications 1 à 6. 7. Fuel cell electrochemical cell, comprising an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, a circulation circuit of 9 gas connected to the anode compartment, characterized in that it comprises an anode compartment purge device according to claims 1 to 6.
PCT/EP2021/086878 2020-12-21 2021-12-20 Device for purging the anode chamber of a fuel cell WO2022136315A1 (en)

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FR2013799A FR3118322B1 (en) 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 ANODIC COMPARTMENT PURGE DEVICE OF A FUEL CELL
FR2013799 2020-12-21

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2645460A1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2013-10-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd Fuel cell system
EP3105808B1 (en) 2014-02-10 2018-07-04 Symbiofcell Purge circuit of a fuel cell
US20190348696A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2019-11-14 Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh Fuel supply arrangement for a fuel cell system and fuel cell system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2645460A1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2013-10-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd Fuel cell system
EP3105808B1 (en) 2014-02-10 2018-07-04 Symbiofcell Purge circuit of a fuel cell
US20200185737A1 (en) * 2014-02-10 2020-06-11 Symbiofcell Purge circuit of a fuel cell
US20190348696A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2019-11-14 Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh Fuel supply arrangement for a fuel cell system and fuel cell system

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