WO2022127270A1 - 风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置 - Google Patents

风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2022127270A1
WO2022127270A1 PCT/CN2021/120987 CN2021120987W WO2022127270A1 WO 2022127270 A1 WO2022127270 A1 WO 2022127270A1 CN 2021120987 W CN2021120987 W CN 2021120987W WO 2022127270 A1 WO2022127270 A1 WO 2022127270A1
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Prior art keywords
grid
low
voltage
voltage ride
ride
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PCT/CN2021/120987
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English (en)
French (fr)
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武磊
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新疆金风科技股份有限公司
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Priority to US18/257,772 priority Critical patent/US20240118324A1/en
Priority to EP21905200.8A priority patent/EP4257992A4/en
Priority to AU2021404446A priority patent/AU2021404446A1/en
Publication of WO2022127270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127270A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wind power generation. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a wind turbine, a converter, a low voltage ride-through detection method and device.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are to provide a wind power generator set, a converter, a low voltage ride-through detection method and device, so as to solve the problem of instability of a power grid fault ride-through system in a weak power grid.
  • a low voltage ride-through detection method comprising: determining an adjustment value for a preset parameter of a power grid based on a power grid voltage, wherein the preset parameter includes current, current frequency and power factor angle At least one of: adjusting the preset parameter of the power grid based on the adjustment value; detecting whether the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition based on the grid voltage after the preset parameter of the power grid is adjusted.
  • a low voltage ride-through detection device comprising: an adjustment value determination unit configured to determine an adjustment value of a preset parameter of the power grid based on the power grid voltage, wherein the preset parameter includes at least one of current, current frequency and power factor angle; a parameter adjustment unit configured to adjust the preset parameter of the power grid based on the adjustment value; and a low penetration detection unit configured to adjust based on all the parameters in the power grid
  • the grid voltage after the preset parameters are adjusted is used to detect whether the grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition.
  • a converter including a low voltage ride-through detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a wind power generator including a converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements low voltage ride-through detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure method.
  • a computing device comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the at least one processor, implements the computer program according to the present disclosure A low-voltage ride-through detection method of an exemplary embodiment.
  • a computer program product in which instructions are executable by a processor of a computer device to implement a low voltage ride-through detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the low voltage ride-through detection method and device by first determining the adjustment value of the preset parameter of the power grid based on the voltage of the power grid, wherein the preset parameter includes the current, the current frequency and the power factor angle At least one of the two, adjust the preset parameters of the power grid based on the adjustment value, and then detect whether the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition based on the power grid voltage after the preset parameters of the power grid are adjusted, so as to achieve a low voltage ride-through condition in the weak power grid.
  • the wind turbine can accurately identify the power grid fault to enter the low pass through, and avoid the instability of the power grid fault ride through system under the weak power grid.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a low voltage ride-through detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of low penetration hysteresis
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a low voltage ride-through detection apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the node voltage of the grid can be Line Impedance Voltage Drop to restrict.
  • Line Impedance Voltage Drop With line impedance Z, fan output current amplitude Current frequency f, power factor angle, etc. are related. E.g, Therefore, even if the node voltage of the power grid has dropped, the voltage drop of the line impedance can make the terminal voltage not lower than the low-break-through threshold, so that the wind turbine does not respond to the low-break-through.
  • the present disclosure proposes a scheme of injecting disturbances into the power grid to reduce the impedance voltage drop and realize the detection of low voltage ride through of the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a low voltage ride-through detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S101 an adjustment value to a preset parameter of the power grid is determined based on the voltage of the power grid.
  • the preset parameter may include at least one of current, current frequency, and power factor angle. That is, if the preset parameter is at least one of current, current frequency, and power factor angle, the adjustment value for the at least one item may be determined based on the grid voltage, for example, if the preset parameter is current, then The adjustment value of the current to the grid can be determined based on the grid voltage; if the preset parameter is the current frequency, the adjustment value of the current frequency of the grid can be determined based on the grid voltage; if the preset parameter is the power factor angle, it can be based on the grid voltage Determine the adjustment value of the power factor angle of the grid; if the preset parameters are the current and the power factor angle, the adjustment value of the current of the grid and the adjustment value of the power factor angle can be determined based on the grid voltage; if the preset parameters are the current and the power factor angle. If the preset parameters are current, current frequency and power factor angle, the adjustment value of the current to the grid can be determined based on the grid voltage, if
  • the Q-axis component of the grid voltage when determining an adjustment value for a preset parameter of the grid based on the grid voltage, the Q-axis component of the grid voltage may be obtained first, and then the output of the wind turbine may be calculated based on the Q-axis component of the grid voltage. Active current limit value.
  • the Q-axis component of the grid voltage when acquiring the Q-axis component of the grid voltage, may be calculated through a phase-locked loop of a converter of the grid. Specifically, the Q-axis component of the grid voltage calculated by the phase-locked loop of the converter can be used as the trigger factor of the disturbance current.
  • the Q-axis component of the grid voltage when calculating the active current limit value output by the wind turbine based on the Q-axis component of the grid voltage, the Q-axis component of the grid voltage may be filtered first, and then the The shaft component calculates the active current limit value output by the wind turbine, thereby improving the stability of the power grid.
  • the filter delay should preferably not exceed 1/4 of the power frequency period.
  • the Q-axis component of the grid voltage when determining the adjustment value of the preset parameter of the grid based on the grid voltage, the Q-axis component of the grid voltage Perform filtering processing, and then calculate the active current limit value output by the wind turbine according to the processed Q-axis component.
  • the rated grid-connected apparent current value of the wind turbine may be first based on the processed Q-axis component and the wind turbine. Calculate the apparent current output by the wind turbine, and then calculate the active current limit value output by the wind turbine based on the apparent current output by the wind turbine. For example, according to the formula To calculate the active current limit value of the wind turbine output.
  • Is is the apparent current on the inverter side of the converter
  • E q is the Q-axis component of the grid voltage calculated by the phase-locked loop of the converter
  • Is_rated is the rated grid-connected apparent current of the unit
  • I q_ref is the unit without
  • I d_max is the active current limit
  • K is the strength adjustment gain.
  • filtering processing may also be performed on the calculated active current limit I d_max .
  • filtering processing may also be performed on the calculated active current limit I d_max .
  • variable rate filtering may be applied to the calculated active current limit I d_max . No filtering is performed when I d_max is decreased, and low-pass filtering is performed when I d_max is increased.
  • step S102 the preset parameters of the power grid are adjusted based on the determined adjustment value.
  • the at least one item may be adjusted based on the determined adjustment value of the at least one item, for example, if the preset parameter is If the parameter is current, the current of the power grid can be adjusted based on the determined adjustment value of the current; if the preset parameter is the current frequency, the current frequency of the power grid can be adjusted based on the determined adjustment value of the current frequency; if the preset parameter is the current frequency If the parameter is the power factor angle, the power factor angle of the power grid can be adjusted based on the determined adjustment value of the power factor angle; if the preset parameters are the current and the power factor angle, the determined current adjustment value and the power factor angle can be used.
  • step S103 based on the grid voltage after the preset parameters of the grid are adjusted, it is detected whether the grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition.
  • the voltage of the grid after the preset parameters of the grid is adjusted may first be obtained.
  • D-axis component and Q-axis component calculate the vector sum of the D-axis component and Q-axis component of the grid voltage after the preset parameters are adjusted, obtain the positive sequence voltage amplitude of the grid voltage after the preset parameters are adjusted, and Low-pass filtering is performed on the positive-sequence voltage amplitude, and then based on the processed positive-sequence voltage amplitude and the preset low-crossover threshold, it is detected whether the power grid satisfies the low-voltage ride-through condition.
  • the symmetric component method can be used to extract the positive-sequence components of the three-phase voltage, and then the positive-sequence components of the three-phase voltages can be Clark and Park transformed to obtain the D-axis and Q-axis components of the grid voltage.
  • the preset low breakdown threshold and the processed positive sequence may be calculated first The difference between the voltage amplitudes, the difference between the preset low-pass threshold and the processed positive-sequence voltage amplitude is input to the hysteresis controller, and then when the preset low-pass threshold and the processed positive-sequence voltage When the difference between the amplitudes is greater than the entry hysteresis value of the hysteresis controller, the delay counter starts to count, and when the count value of the delay counter reaches the target delay, it is determined that the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition; when When the difference between the preset low pass-through threshold and the processed positive sequence voltage amplitude is less than the exit hysteresis value of the hysteresis controller, the delay counter starts to count,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of low penetration hysteresis.
  • the hysteresis is to avoid boundary shocks.
  • the low pass-through threshold is 0.9pu
  • the converter will enter low pass-through, enter low pass-through and start to compensate for reactive power, the voltage rises, when the voltage When it is higher than 0.9pu, the converter exits low pass through.
  • the reactive power is recovered, the voltage is reduced to below 0.9pu, the converter enters the low breakdown again, and the process repeats causing boundary oscillation.
  • a hysteresis controller as shown in Figure 2, set the low pass-through enable threshold for entering low pass-through to, for example, 0.87pu, and the low pass-through exit threshold for exiting low pass-through is set to, for example, 0.9pu, so that when the voltage is lower than 0.87pu When the converter enters low breakdown and starts to compensate for reactive power, as long as the voltage does not rise above 0.9pu, the converter will not exit low breakdown. Thereby avoiding boundary shocks.
  • 0.03pu between 0.87pu and 0.9pu is the hysteresis interval, which is related to the grid impedance. In theory, the hysteresis interval is proportional to the grid impedance.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, realizes the low voltage ride-through according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure Detection method.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may carry one or more programs, and when the computer program is executed, the following steps may be implemented: determining a response to a preset parameter of the power grid based on the power grid voltage adjusting value; adjusting the preset parameter of the power grid based on the adjusting value; detecting whether the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition based on the power grid voltage after the preset parameter is adjusted.
  • the computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable Programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optics, portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a computer program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • a computer program embodied on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium including, but not limited to, electrical wire, optical fiber cable, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be included in any apparatus; it may also exist alone without being incorporated into the apparatus.
  • a computer program product the instructions in the computer program product can be executed by a processor of a computer device to complete the method for low voltage ride-through detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure .
  • the low voltage ride-through detection method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • a low voltage ride-through detection device and a unit thereof according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a low voltage ride-through detection apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the low voltage ride through detection device includes an adjustment value determination unit 31 , a parameter adjustment unit 32 and a low voltage ride through detection unit 33 .
  • the low voltage ride-through detection device may be provided in the converter controller of the wind turbine.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 is configured to determine an adjustment value to a preset parameter of the grid based on the grid voltage.
  • the preset parameters may include current, current frequency, and power factor angle.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to: obtain the Q-axis component of the grid voltage; and calculate the active current limit value output by the wind turbine based on the Q-axis component of the grid voltage.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to calculate the Q-axis component of the grid voltage through a converter phase-locked loop.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to: filter the Q-axis component of the grid voltage; and calculate the active current limit value output by the wind turbine according to the processed Q-axis component.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to: calculate the Q-axis component of the grid voltage through the converter phase-locked loop; perform filtering processing on the Q-axis component of the grid voltage; The Q-axis component calculates the active current limit value of the wind turbine output.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to: perform low-pass filtering processing on the active current limiting value by means of variable rate filtering.
  • the adjustment value determination unit 31 may be configured to: calculate the apparent current output by the wind turbine based on the processed Q-axis component and the rated grid-connected apparent current of the wind turbine; The apparent current output by the wind turbine is used to calculate the active current limit value output by the wind turbine.
  • the parameter adjustment unit 32 is configured to adjust the preset parameter of the power grid based on the adjustment value.
  • the low voltage ride through detection unit 33 is configured to detect whether the grid satisfies the low voltage ride through condition based on the grid voltage after the preset parameters of the grid are adjusted.
  • the low penetration detection unit 33 may be configured to: acquire the D-axis component and the Q-axis component of the grid voltage after the preset parameters of the grid are adjusted; calculate after the preset parameters are adjusted The vector sum of the D-axis component and the Q-axis component of the grid voltage is obtained to obtain the positive sequence voltage amplitude of the grid voltage after the preset parameters are adjusted; perform low-pass filtering on the positive sequence voltage amplitude; The sequence voltage amplitude and the preset low-crossover threshold value detect whether the grid meets the low-voltage ride-through condition.
  • the low breakdown detection unit 33 may be configured to: calculate a difference between a preset low breakdown threshold and the processed positive sequence voltage amplitude; input the difference into the hysteresis loop a controller; when the difference value is greater than the entry hysteresis value of the hysteresis controller, the delay counter starts counting, and when the count value of the delay counter reaches the target delay, it is determined that the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition; When the difference is less than the exit hysteresis value of the hysteresis controller, the delay counter starts counting, and when the count value of the delay counter reaches the target delay, it is determined that the grid does not meet the low voltage ride-through condition.
  • a converter including the low voltage ride-through detection device shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a wind power generator set including the above-mentioned converter including the low voltage ride-through detection device shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the low voltage ride-through detection apparatus has been described above with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • a computing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a computing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a computing device 4 includes a memory 41 and a processor 42 , and the memory 41 stores a computer program.
  • the computer program is executed by the processor 42 , the computer program according to the present disclosure is implemented. Low voltage ride through detection methods of the disclosed exemplary embodiments.
  • the following steps may be implemented: determining an adjustment value for a preset parameter of the grid based on the grid voltage, wherein the preset parameter includes current , at least one of current frequency and power factor angle; adjust the preset parameters of the grid based on the adjustment value; detect whether the grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition based on the grid voltage after the preset parameters of the grid are adjusted.
  • the computing device shown in FIG. 4 is only an example, and should not impose any limitation on the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the low voltage ride-through detection method and apparatus have been described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • the low voltage ride-through detection device and its units shown in FIG. 3 may be configured as software, hardware, firmware or any combination of the above, respectively, to perform specific functions, the computing device shown in FIG. 4 It is not limited to include the components shown above, but some components may be added or deleted as needed, and the above components may also be combined.
  • the low voltage ride-through detection method and device by first determining the adjustment value of the preset parameter of the power grid based on the voltage of the power grid, wherein the preset parameter includes the current, the current frequency and the power factor angle At least one of the preset parameters of the power grid is adjusted based on the adjustment value, and then based on the grid voltage after the preset parameters are adjusted, it is detected whether the power grid satisfies the low voltage ride-through condition, so as to achieve accurate wind turbine generators under weak power grids. Identify power grid faults to enter low pass-through and avoid grid fault ride-through system instability in weak power grids.
  • the low-voltage ride-through detection method and device greatly promote the development of wind farms with UHV power transmission combined with large bases.

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Abstract

一种风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置。该低电压穿越检测方法包括：基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值（S101），其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整（S102）；以及基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压，检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件（S103），从而实现在弱电网下风力发电机准确地识别电网故障，以进入低穿，而避免弱电网下电网故障穿越系统失稳。

Description

风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置 技术领域
本公开涉及风力发电技术领域。更具体地，本公开涉及一种风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置。
背景技术
风机接入弱电网时，风机并网电流与线路阻抗作用形成的电压降对风机端电压有显著影响。当电网远端发生故障，存在风机端电压不跌落，系统产生震荡的现象。
发明内容
本公开的示例性实施例在于提供一种风力发电机组、变流器、低电压穿越检测方法及装置，以解决弱电网下电网故障穿越系统失稳的问题。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种低电压穿越检测方法，包括：基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整；基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种低电压穿越检测装置，包括：调整值确定单元，被配置为基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；参数调整单元，被配置为基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整；和低穿检测单元，被配置为基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种变流器，包括根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测装置。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种风力发电机组，包括根据本公开的示例性实施例的变流器。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种计算装置，包括：至少一个处理器；至少一个存储器，存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时，实现根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品中的指令可由计算机设备的处理器执行以完成根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法及装置，通过首先基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个，基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整，然后基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件，从而实现在弱电网下风力发电机准确地识别电网故障，以进入低穿，而避免弱电网下电网故障穿越系统失稳。
将在接下来的描述中部分阐述本公开总体构思另外的方面和/或优点，还有一部分通过描述将是清楚的，或者可以经过本公开总体构思的实施而得知。
附图说明
通过下面结合示例性地示出实施例的附图进行的描述，本公开的示例性实施例的上述和其他目的和特点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法的流程图；
图2示出低穿滞环原理的示意图；
图3示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测装置的框图；和
图4示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的计算装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
现将详细参照本公开的示例性实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中，相同的标号始终指的是相同的部件。以下将通过参照附图来说明所述实施例，以便解释本公开。
风机端电压
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000001
可由电网的节点电压
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000002
线路阻抗电压降
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000003
来约束。例如，
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000004
线路阻抗电压降
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000005
与线路阻抗Z、风机输出电流幅值
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000006
电流频率f、功率因数角等相关。例如，
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000007
因此，即使电网的节点电压已跌落，线路阻抗电压降也可使得机端电压不低于低穿阈值，进而使得风机不响应低穿。
本公开提出了采用向电网注入扰动的方案来降低阻抗电压降，实现风机低电压穿越的检测。
图1示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法的流程图。
参照图1，在步骤S101，基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，预设参数可包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个。也就是说，如果预设参数是电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一项，则可基于电网电压来确定对所述至少一项的调整值，例如，如果预设参数是电流，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的电流的调整值；如果预设参数是电流频率，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的电流频率的调整值；如果预设参数是功率因数角，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的功率因数角的调整值；如果预设参数是电流和功率因数角，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的电流的调整值和功率因数角的调整值；如果预设参数是电流和电流频率，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的电流的调整值和电流频率的调整值；如果预设参数是电流、电流频率和功率因数角，则可基于电网电压确定对电网的电流的调整值、电流频率的调整值和功率因数角的调整值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值时，可首先获取电网电压的Q轴分量，然后基于电网电压的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在获取电网电压的Q轴分量时，可通过电网的变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量。具体来说，可采用变流器锁相环计算的电网电压Q轴分量作为扰动电流的触发因子。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在基于电网电压的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值时，可首先对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理，然后根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值，从而提高电网的稳定性。优选地，为了快速进行低电压穿越检测，在对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波时，滤波器延时以不超出1/4工频周期为宜。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的 调整值时，可首先通过变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量，对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理，然后根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值时，可首先基于处理后的Q轴分量和风力发电机组的额定并网视在电流来计算风力发电机输出的视在电流，然后基于风力发电机输出的视在电流计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。例如，可根据公式
Figure PCTCN2021120987-appb-000008
来计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。这里，I s为变流器逆变侧的视在电流，E q为变流器锁相环计算的电网电压的Q轴分量，I s_rated为机组额定并网视在电流，I q_ref为机组无功电流参考值，I d_max为有功电流限幅，K为强度调节增益。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，还可对计算出的有功电流限幅I d_max进行滤波处理。在对计算出的有功电流限幅I d_max进行滤波处理时，可通过变速率滤波方式进行。例如，可对计算出的有功电流限幅I d_max采用变速率滤波。当I d_max减小时不滤波，当I d_max增大时进行低通滤波。
在步骤S102，基于确定的调整值对电网的预设参数进行调整。
具体来说，如果预设参数是电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一项，则可基于确定的所述至少一项的调整值来对所述至少一项进行调整，例如，如果预设参数是电流，则可基于确定的电流的调整值对电网的电流进行调整；如果预设参数是电流频率，则可基于确定的电流频率的调整值对电网的电流频率进行调整；如果预设参数是功率因数角，则可基于确定的功率因数角的调整值对电网的功率因数角进行调整；如果预设参数是电流和功率因数角，则可基于确定的电流的调整值和功率因数角的调整值分别对电网的电流和功率因数角进行调整；如果预设参数是电流和电流频率，则可基于确定的电流的调整值和电流频率的调整值分别对电网的电流和电流频率进行调整；如果预设参数是电流、电流频率和功率因数角，则可基于确定的电流的调整值、电流频率的调整值和功率因数角的调整值分别对电网的电流、电流频率和电流频率进行调整。
在步骤S103，基于在电网的预设参数被调整之后的电网电压，检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在基于在电网的预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件时，可首先获取在电网的预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量，计算在预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量的矢量和，得到在预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的正序电压幅值，并对正序电压幅值进行低通滤波处理，然后基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。例如，可首先采用对称分量法提取三相电压正序分量，然后三相电压正序分量进行Clark与Park变换得到电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，在基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件时，可首先计算预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值，将预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值输入到滞环控制器，然后当预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值大于所述滞环控制器的进入滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网满足低电压穿越条件；当预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值小于滞环控制器的退出滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网不满足低电压穿越条件。
图2示出低穿滞环原理的示意图。滞环是为了避免边界震荡。在不使用滞环的情况下，假定低穿阈值是0.9pu，那么当电压低于0.9pu时，变流器就会进入低穿，进入低穿并开始补无功，电压升高，当电压高于0.9pu时，变流器退出低穿。无功收回，电压降低至0.9pu以下，变流器再次进入低穿，该过程重复引起边界震荡。
采用滞环控制器，如图2所示，将进入低穿的低穿使能阈值设置为例如0.87pu，退出低穿的低穿退出阈值设置为例如0.9pu，这样，当电压低于0.87pu时，变流器进入低穿并开始补无功，只要电压不升高到0.9pu以上，变流器就不会退出低穿。从而避免边界震荡。0.87pu和0.9pu之间的0.03pu是滞环的区间，该区间与电网阻抗有关，理论上该滞环的区间与电网阻抗成正比关系。
此外，根据本公开的示例性实施例，还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被执行时，实现根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，所述计算机可读存储介质可承载有一个或者多个程序，当所述计算机程序被执行时可实现以下步骤：基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值；基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整；基于在所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
计算机可读存储介质例如可以是，但不限于，电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。计算机可读存储介质的更具体的例子可以包括但不限于：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机访问存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。在本公开的实施例中，计算机可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储计算机程序的有形介质，该计算机程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。计算机可读存储介质上包含的计算机程序可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于：电线、光缆、RF(射频)等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。计算机可读存储介质可以包含在任意装置中；也可以单独存在，而未装配入该装置中。
此外，根据本公开的示例性实施例，还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品中的指令可由计算机设备的处理器执行以完成根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测的方法。
以上已经结合图1和图2对根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法进行了描述。在下文中，将参照图3对根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测装置及其单元进行描述。
图3示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测装置的框图。
参照图3，低电压穿越检测装置包括调整值确定单元31、参数调整单元32和低穿检测单元33。在本公开的示例性实施例中，低电压穿越检测装置可被设置在风力发电机组的变流器控制器中。
调整值确定单元31被配置为基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，预设参数可包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：获取电网电压的Q轴分量；基于电网电压的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：通过变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理；根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：通过变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量；对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理；根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：通过变速率滤波方式对有功电流限幅值进行低通滤波处理。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，调整值确定单元31可被配置为：基于处理后的Q轴分量和风力发电机组的额定并网视在电流来计算风力发电机输出的视在电流；基于风力发电机输出的视在电流计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
参数调整单元32被配置为基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整。
低穿检测单元33被配置为基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，低穿检测单元33可被配置为：获取在电网的预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量；计算在预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量的矢量和，得到在预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的正序电压幅值；对正序电压幅值进行低通滤波处理；基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，低穿检测单元33可被配置为：计算预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值；将所述差值输入到滞环控制器；当所述差值大于所述滞环控制器的进入滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网满足低电压穿越条件； 当所述差值小于所述滞环控制器的退出滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网不满足低电压穿越条件。
此外，根据本公开的示例性实施例，还提供一种变流器，该变流器包括图3所示的低电压穿越检测装置。此外，根据本公开的示例性实施例，还提供一种风力发电机组，该风力发电机组包括上述包括了图3所示的低电压穿越检测装置的变流器。
以上已经结合图3对根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测装置进行了描述。接下来，结合图4对根据本公开的示例性实施例的计算装置进行描述。
图4示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的计算装置的示意图。
参照图4，根据本公开的示例性实施例的计算装置4，包括存储器41和处理器42，所述存储器41上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器42执行时，实现根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，当所述计算机程序被处理器42执行时，可实现以下步骤：基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；基于调整值对电网的预设参数进行调整；基于在电网的预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
图4示出的计算装置仅仅是一个示例，不应对本公开实施例的功能和使用范围带来任何限制。
以上已参照图1至图4描述了根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法及装置。然而，应该理解的是：图3中所示的低电压穿越检测装置及其单元可分别被配置为执行特定功能的软件、硬件、固件或上述项的任意组合，图4中所示的计算装置并不限于包括以上示出的组件，而是可根据需要增加或删除一些组件，并且以上组件也可被组合。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的低电压穿越检测方法及装置，通过首先基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个，基于所述调整值对电网的预设参数进行调整，然后基于在预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件，从而实现在弱电网下风力发电机准确地识别电网故障，以进入低穿，而避免弱电网下电网故障穿越系统失稳。根据本公开的示例性实施例 的低电压穿越检测方法及装置对特高压输电结合大基地的风电场开发有极大的推动作用。
尽管已经参照其示例性实施例具体显示和描述了本公开，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，在不脱离权利要求所限定的本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以对其进行形式和细节上的各种改变。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种低电压穿越检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；
    基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整；以及
    基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压，检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低电压穿越检测方法，其特征在于，基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值的步骤包括：
    通过变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量；
    对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理；以及
    根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的低电压穿越检测方法，其特征在于，根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值的步骤包括：
    基于处理后的Q轴分量和风力发电机组的额定并网视在电流来计算风力发电机输出的视在电流；以及
    基于风力发电机输出的视在电流计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的低电压穿越检测方法，其特征在于，基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件的步骤包括：
    获取在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量；
    计算所述电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量的矢量和，得到所述电网电压的正序电压幅值；
    对正序电压幅值进行低通滤波处理；以及
    基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的低电压穿越检测方法，其特征在于，基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件的步骤包括：
    计算预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值；
    将所述差值输入到滞环控制器；
    当所述差值大于所述滞环控制器的进入滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网满足低电压穿越条件；以及
    当所述差值小于所述滞环控制器的退出滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网不满足低电压穿越条件。
  6. 一种低电压穿越检测装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    调整值确定单元，被配置为基于电网电压确定对电网的预设参数的调整值，其中，所述预设参数包括电流、电流频率和功率因数角中的至少一个；
    参数调整单元，被配置为基于所述调整值对电网的所述预设参数进行调整；和
    低穿检测单元，被配置为基于在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的低电压穿越检测装置，其特征在于，调整值确定单元被配置为：
    通过变流器锁相环计算电网电压的Q轴分量；
    对电网电压的Q轴分量进行滤波处理；
    根据处理后的Q轴分量计算风力发电机输出的有功电流限幅值。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的低电压穿越检测装置，其特征在于，低穿检测单元被配置为：
    获取在电网的所述预设参数被调整之后的电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量；
    计算所述电网电压的D轴分量和Q轴分量的矢量和，得到所述电网电压的正序电压幅值；
    对正序电压幅值进行低通滤波处理；
    基于处理后的正序电压幅值和预设低穿阈值检测电网是否满足低电压穿越条件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的低电压穿越检测装置，其特征在于，低穿检测单元被配置为：
    计算预设低穿阈值和处理后的正序电压幅值之间的差值；
    将所述差值输入到滞环控制器；
    当所述差值大于所述滞环控制器的进入滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网满足低电压穿越条件；
    当所述差值小于所述滞环控制器的退出滞环值时，延时计数器开始计数，并且在延时计数器的计数值达到目标延时时，确定电网不满足低电压穿越条件。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置被设置在风力发电机组的变流器控制器中。
  11. 一种变流器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求6-10中任一项所述的低电压穿越检测装置。
  12. 一种风力发电机组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求11所述的变流器。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的低电压穿越检测方法。
  14. 一种计算装置，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器；至少一个存储器，存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时，实现如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的低电压穿越检测方法。
  15. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，该计算机程序产品中的指令可由计算机设备的处理器执行以实现如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的低电压穿越检测方法。
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