WO2022127160A1 - 一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及故障检测方法 - Google Patents

一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及故障检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022127160A1
WO2022127160A1 PCT/CN2021/113049 CN2021113049W WO2022127160A1 WO 2022127160 A1 WO2022127160 A1 WO 2022127160A1 CN 2021113049 W CN2021113049 W CN 2021113049W WO 2022127160 A1 WO2022127160 A1 WO 2022127160A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
opening
energy storage
closing
circuit
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PCT/CN2021/113049
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄建伟
徐锦举
黄坤鹏
李健
牛剑春
杨晓凤
李高欢
侯桂然
党培森
张一鸣
赵平
宋天立
张得六
苗壮
刘宁华
梅帅鹏
张国旗
时利锋
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河南平高电气股份有限公司
平高集团有限公司
国家电网有限公司
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Publication of WO2022127160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127160A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers

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  • the invention relates to an opening and closing operating device for multi-type circuit breakers and a fault detection method, belonging to the technical field of circuit breaker detection.
  • the factory test of the GIS switch includes 200 operations, that is, 200 normal opening and closing tests.
  • the operating mechanism may be stuck and damaged, the hydraulic mechanism oil pump motor is frequently started or the spring mechanism frequently stores energy, the pressure energy storage motor is overcurrent, and the contact If these faults occur, it is necessary to stop the test operation immediately.
  • the existing domestic operating device designs are based on the open-loop principle, that is, only the control voltage signal and the motor voltage signal are given to drive the circuit breaker to open and close. Therefore, the test process needs to be monitored by personnel. If there is a fault during the operation and the operation needs to be stopped immediately, the manual stop is required.
  • the existing operating device for circuit breaker is only designed with open-loop design, and only the control voltage signal and motor voltage signal are given, and no fault detection is performed. Even if a fault occurs, the operating cabinet will not stop working, so the test process needs to be Personnel are guarded, and if there is a fault, the power should be cut off at any time.
  • the circuit breaker test can only be carried out during the working hours during the day. According to the test requirements of the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker, it takes 10 hours to complete the operation of a circuit breaker. If it is only operated during the daytime, the efficiency is low and cannot meet the production needs.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-type circuit breaker opening and closing operating device and a detection method, which are used to solve the problems that the existing circuit breaker test operating device requires manual duty, low efficiency and low degree of automation.
  • the scheme of the present invention includes:
  • the opening and closing operating device for a multi-type circuit breaker of the present invention includes a processor and a plurality of circuit breaker operation positions; each circuit breaker operation position includes a control signal output interface connected with the processor and a circuit breaker motor circuit power supply interface, It also includes a circuit breaker opening and closing detection interface used to detect the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker, an energy storage circuit contactor opening and closing detection interface used to detect the action state of the circuit breaker energy storage circuit contactor, and a circuit breaker energy storage motor drive for detecting the circuit breaker.
  • the current sensor of the current energy storage motor and the opening and closing detection interface of the energy storage oil pump pressure circuit contactor used to detect the working state of the energy storage oil pump of the circuit breaker;
  • the circuit breaker opening and closing detection interface, the energy storage circuit contactor opening and closing detection interface, the energy storage motor current sensor and the energy storage oil pump action sensor are connected to the processor;
  • the processor executes instructions to implement the following circuit breaker detection methods:
  • the opening and closing operating device for a multi-type circuit breaker of the present invention is suitable for two types of sensor structures, namely, the oil pump and the spring energy storage as the energy storage mechanism.
  • the opening and closing detection interface of the circuit breaker is used to detect whether the circuit breaker has completed the opening and closing, and at the same time, it cooperates with the opening and closing detection interface of the energy storage circuit contactor to detect whether the circuit breaker has stored energy. Whether there is energy storage can determine whether the circuit breaker has a fault that the mechanism is stuck and unable to operate; at the same time, the energy storage circuit contactor opening and closing detection interface is used to detect how many times the circuit breaker has stored energy during a single opening or closing process.
  • the device of the invention realizes the identification of the fault phenomena of several common faults in the circuit breaker operation test, can take the initiative to deal with the corresponding faults, and realizes unattended and all-weather tests.
  • the device reduces operator configuration, automatically identifies fault types, and improves automation.
  • circuit breaker opening and closing detection interface is used to connect the circuit breaker opening and closing auxiliary switch.
  • the opening and closing detection interface of the energy storage circuit contactor is used to connect the auxiliary switch of the energy storage circuit contactor.
  • the energy storage motor current sensor includes a DC current sensor and an AC current sensor.
  • the current sensor is used in the device to detect the overcurrent protection of the energy storage circuit, which can simultaneously realize the overcurrent monitoring of the energy storage motor powered by the AC power supply and the energy storage motor powered by the DC power supply.
  • the opening and closing detection interface of the pressure circuit contactor of the energy storage oil pump is used to connect the auxiliary switch of the contactor of the pressure circuit of the energy storage oil pump.
  • circuit breaker motor loop power supply interface includes three power ports of AC220V, DC220V and DC110V.
  • the motor voltage of the circuit breaker energy storage circuit includes three power sources, AC220V, DC220V and DC110V, which are suitable for the operation of circuit breakers of energy storage motors of different voltage levels.
  • the present invention also provides two power sources of DC220V and DC110V for the control voltage of the circuit breaker.
  • Fig. 1 is the control principle diagram of the opening and closing operating device for multi-type circuit breakers of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the power supply of the opening and closing operating device for multi-type circuit breakers of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the device mechanism type setting interface of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the device parameter setting interface of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a five-way output configuration interface of the device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the device mechanism type selection interface of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the selection interface of the control voltage type and the motor voltage type of the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the setting interface of the opening and closing operation test times of the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a display interface in the device test of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the alarm query interface of the device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is the automatic mode control flow chart of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a flow chart of the manual mode of the present invention.
  • the opening and closing operating device for a multi-type circuit breaker of the present invention can perform test operations on various types of circuit breakers to detect their performance and reliability (the performance is reflected by the number of operations performed before the circuit breaker fails), and can Set the control parameters and possible faults of various types of circuit breakers, and select the corresponding circuit breaker type to perform test operations. If the fault phenomenon of the corresponding circuit breaker occurs during the operation, the device of the present invention will automatically stop the test operation of the fault circuit breaker, and will automatically record and save information such as fault type, fault occurrence time, number of operations, etc. according to the fault phenomenon.
  • the device as a whole adopts a box-type structure, including five circuit breaker operation positions, that is, it can output five circuit breaker control signals and output five voltage signals, and can control five circuit breakers at the same time, and realize five different circuit breakers. Test operation of type circuit breakers.
  • the device is internally equipped with transformers, rectifiers, high-power DC-DC converters, PLC controllers, A/D analog-to-digital converters, five-way DC current sensors and transmitters, five-way AC current sensors and transmitters, various Opening and closing relay.
  • the panel includes LCD touch screen, circuit breaker control signal output terminal, circuit breaker motor power output terminal, detection input terminal, emergency stop button, sound and light alarm indication, manual opening and closing button, voltmeter, ammeter, small circuit breaker, 5 components Brake indicator light, 5 groups of brake indicator lights, 5 groups of control signal indicator lights, etc.
  • the parameter setting and signal display can be realized through the touch screen.
  • the output and input terminals adopt a plug-in structure, and the wiring is simple.
  • the commonly used mechanisms (types) of GIS circuit breakers mainly include hydraulic mechanism (ie CYT hydraulic mechanism in the picture), hydraulic disc spring mechanism and spring mechanism.
  • the energy storage motor in the separate implementation is used to press and store energy for the circuit breaker mechanism, and the circuit breaker mechanism is divided into hydraulic energy storage, hydraulic disc spring energy storage and spring energy storage.
  • hydraulic mechanism energy storage CYT
  • the energy storage motor works, presses the oil pump, and then stores energy
  • hydraulic disc spring mechanism energy storage the energy storage motor works, presses the oil pump, and the oil pump stores energy on the disc spring
  • the energy storage of the spring mechanism the energy storage motor works to charge the spring.
  • the possible faults during the 200-time circuit breaker opening and closing tests are: mechanism stuck and damaged, frequent starting of the oil pump motor, overcurrent of the energy storage motor and adhesion of the contactor, causing the oil pump to keep storing energy, etc.
  • the fault detection methods are as follows:
  • the opening and closing time is 180s, and the time interval from opening to closing or closing to opening is 90s.
  • the PLC background starts timing. If the auxiliary switch is not detected to be disconnected or closed within 180s and the energy storage motor does not store energy, it is considered that there is a problem with the mechanism, and the circuit breaker is at this time. The line loses power and stops working.
  • the PLC records the failure time, the number of completed operations, and the failure type in the background.
  • the circuit breakers of GIS products are mainly equipped with three types of mechanisms: hydraulic mechanism, hydraulic disc spring mechanism and spring mechanism.
  • the hydraulic mechanism and the hydraulic disc spring mechanism store energy once respectively after opening or closing.
  • the spring mechanism only stores energy once when the brake is opened. If during the 200 operations, the number of energy storage of the mechanism after opening and closing exceeds the corresponding number of times, it is considered that the mechanism has frequent pressure and energy storage problems.
  • the PLC background starts timing after the opening or closing signal is given. Within 90s of the interval between opening and closing, if the detected number of actions of the auxiliary switch of the energy storage circuit contactor More than one time, it is considered as frequent energy storage.
  • the PLC background starts timing after the opening signal is given. Within 90s of the interval between the opening and closing, if the detected number of auxiliary switch actions of the energy storage circuit contactor exceeds one time, it is considered to be frequently stored energy. .
  • the circuit breaker circuit will be powered off and stop working.
  • the PLC records the failure time, the number of completed operations, and the failure type in the background.
  • the circuit breaker If the circuit breaker suppresses the overcurrent fault of the energy storage motor, the circuit breaker should stop operating.
  • the voltage of the same mechanism of the circuit breaker is generally AC220V, DC220V and DC110V. Therefore, when the control device is designed, 5 channels of DC current sensors and 5 channels of AC current sensors are added. Different types of voltage forms are passed through PLC. control to switch. By setting the rated current and overload current value of each energy storage motor, monitor whether the energy storage motor has overcurrent in real time. The PLC records the failure time, the number of completed operations, and the failure type in the background.
  • the time for the hydraulic mechanism to press and store energy is less than 80s, and the time for the spring mechanism to press and store energy is less than 20s.
  • the PLC starts timing. If the above time is exceeded, the circuit breaker should stop the test operation.
  • the PLC records the failure time, the number of completed operations, and the failure type in the background.
  • the opening and closing operating device for a multi-type circuit breaker of the present invention mainly includes a power module, various switches, a PLC controller, an A/D converter (mode digital conversion module), transmitter, current sensor, relay module, output module, indicating alarm module, etc.
  • the power supply module is shown in Figure 2. It mainly includes rectifier, filter, DC-DC converter, switching power supply module.
  • the mains AC220V is used as the input, and it can output several voltage levels of AC220V, DC220V, DC110V and DC24V.
  • the circuit breaker control requires two power supplies, DC220V and DC110V.
  • the energy storage motor of the circuit breaker mechanism needs three kinds of power supply: AC220V, DC220V and DC110V.
  • PLC controller, transmitter, touch screen, AD converter, relay module, indicating alarm, etc. need DC24V power supply.
  • the current sensor is divided into an AC current sensor and a DC current sensor, which are used for the current detection of the AC motor and the DC motor respectively, and the switching of the current sensor can be realized by a relay.
  • the transmitter is used to convert the current detected by the current sensor into a standard signal of 4-20mA.
  • A/D converters are used to convert standard analog current signals into digital signals that can be recognized by PLC controllers.
  • PLC is used for signal processing, switching of various relays, communication with the touch screen, data transmission, and alarm control.
  • the touch screen can set various parameters, configure parameters of various types of institutions, alarm display and processing, real-time monitoring, and enter various user modes.
  • the method of using the opening and closing operating device for the multi-type circuit breaker of the present invention is as follows:
  • Operation interface setting the operation interface is set to two modes, one is the administrator mode, the other is the ordinary user mode.
  • the administrator mode parameters can be set and modified.
  • the ordinary user mode can only use the setting set parameters.
  • the energy storage time of the spring mechanism is less than 20s, and the energy storage time of other mechanisms is less than 80s.
  • the spring mechanism stores energy once every time it is opened, but does not store energy when it is closed. Other mechanisms must store energy once every opening and closing.
  • the opening and closing time interval is generally 90s, which is set as the default value, which generally does not need to be changed. If debugging is required, this value can be reset.
  • step (3) For example, select the "CYT three-phase electrical linkage" circuit breaker mechanism.
  • the pressure and energy storage time set in step (3) is automatically loaded in the background, the number of times of pressure and energy storage for each opening and closing, and the opening and closing time interval. and other parameters.
  • the opening and closing operating device for multi-type circuit breakers of the present invention can perform manual operation and automatic operation. Manual operation and automatic operation are realized by switching buttons on the cabinet panel.
  • the five-way output can be connected to any type of circuit breaker mechanism, without fault detection, alarm and opening and closing counting. Only need to configure the control power type and motor power type, just press the opening or closing button during operation, the circuit breaker can be opened and closed, and the manual mode can be used for the debugging of the circuit breaker mechanism.
  • the manual mode process is shown in Figure 12.
  • the mechanism type of channel A to channel E On the automatic opening and closing operation interface of the circuit breaker, the mechanism type of channel A to channel E, the control voltage and motor voltage type of the mechanism, the opening and closing status of the circuit breaker at this time, the number of operations and whether an alarm is displayed are displayed. If the pause button is pressed, the opening and closing operation of this channel will be suspended at this time; if the end button is pressed, the operation of this channel will be terminated in advance. If an alarm occurs, you can press the query button to query the alarm information.
  • the flow of automatic operation mode is shown in Figure 11.
  • the opening and closing action of the circuit breaker is judged by the on/off signal of the auxiliary switch contact of the circuit breaker;
  • the driving current duration of the oil pump judges the working time of the energy storage oil pump, and then obtains the pressure energy storage time.
  • other methods can also be used to determine the opening and closing action, energy storage action, and pressure energy storage time of the circuit breaker, for example, directly detecting the opening and closing of the main contact of the circuit breaker to determine the opening and closing action of the circuit breaker;
  • the energy storage circuit current detects the action of the energy storage circuit contactor, and then detects the energy storage action, etc.
  • the interface is shown in Figure 10.
  • the alarm types include "mechanism failure”, “suppression energy storage motor overcurrent failure”, “frequent Suppression failure”, “Suppression energy storage circuit contactor bonding failure”. After the above faults are eliminated, the alarm can be eliminated, and the operation can be continued after the alarm is eliminated. If you need to end this operation, you can press the "Stop Operation” button, and this channel will end this operation.
  • the device of the invention can significantly improve the production efficiency, make full use of the night time, and reduce the potential safety hazards caused by safety accidents to personnel.
  • the original circuit breaker operation test requires at least one person to be on duty, and the test takes 10 hours.
  • the auxiliary contact of the energy storage circuit contactor detects the If the contactor of the energy storage circuit acts more than once, stop the test and record the frequent energy storage faults of the corresponding circuit breaker, the fault time and the number of opening and closing before the fault;
  • the test will be stopped. And record the frequent energy storage faults of the corresponding circuit breaker, the fault time and the number of opening and closing before the fault;
  • the energy storage pump If it is detected by the current sensor or the auxiliary contact of the corresponding contactor that the energy storage pump continues to work for more than the corresponding preset normal pressure energy storage time (the spring mechanism energy storage time is generally less than 20s, and the other mechanism energy storage time is generally less than 80s), then stop the test and record the corresponding circuit breaker sticking fault leading to continuous pressure storage, and record the fault time and the number of opening and closing before the fault.
  • the spring mechanism energy storage time is generally less than 20s, and the other mechanism energy storage time is generally less than 80s
  • the present invention can test five different or the same type of circuit breakers at the same time, and "stopping the test” should be understood as stopping the operation test of the current corresponding fault circuit breaker, rather than stopping the opening and closing operation test of all circuit breakers.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及故障检测方法，装置整体采用箱式结构，可以输出五路控制信号和输出五路电压信号，可同时完成五台断路器控制。该装置内部配置变压器、整流器、大功率DC-DC变换器、PLC控制器、A/D模数转换器、五路直流电流传感器及变送器、五路交流电流传感器及变送器、各种分合闸继电器。面板包括液晶触摸屏、断路器控制信号输出端子、断路器电机电源输出端子、检测输入端子、急停按钮、声光报警指示、手动分合闸按钮、电压表、电流表、小型断路器、5组分闸指示灯、5组合闸指示灯、5组控制信号指示灯等。通过触摸屏可实现参数的设定、信号显示等。本装置将操作试验时间由白天改为全天候，减少了操作人员配置。

Description

一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及故障检测方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及故障检测方法，属于断路器检测技术领域。
背景技术
GIS开关出厂试验包含200次操作即200次正常分合试验，试验过程中可能出现操动机构卡滞和损坏、液压机构油泵电机启动频繁或弹簧机构频繁储能、打压储能电机过流、接触器粘连等故障，出现这些故障时需要立即停止试验操作。国内现有操作装置设计都是基于开环原理进行设计，即仅仅给出控制电压信号和电机电压信号，驱动断路器分合动作，并无故障类型检测功能且出现故障后并不会自动停止，因此试验过程需人员监守，若在操作过程中出现故障需要立即停止操作时，人工停止。
综上所述，现有断路器试验检测用操作装置存在以下问题：
(1)现有断路器用操作装置在设计时仅进行了开环设计，仅仅给定控制电压信号和电机电压信号，没有进行故障检测，即使出现故障，操作柜不会停止工作，因此试验过程需人员监守，若出现故障要随时断电处置。
(2)在出现故障时，现有操作装置无法进行故障自动判断，需要操作人员根据故障现象通过经验去找出并记录故障，试验检测效率低。
(3)因试验过程需要人员值守，因此仅能在白天工作时间进行断路器试验。而根据断路器出厂机械特性的试验要求，完成一台断路器操作时间需要10h，若仅仅在白天工作日进行操作，效率低且无法满足生产需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置及检测方法，用以解决现有断路器试验操作装置需要人工值守效率低下、自动化程度低下的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明的方案包括：
本发明的一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，包括处理器和若干个断路器操作位；每个断路器操作位包括与处理器相连的控制信号输出接口和断路器电机回路供电接口，还包括用于检测断路器分合状态的断路器分合检测接口、用于检测断路器储能回路接触器动作状态的储能回路接触器分合检测接口、用于检测断路器储能电机驱动电流的储能电机电流传感器以及用于检测断路器储能油泵工作状态的储能油泵打压回路接触器分合检测接口；
所述断路器分合检测接口、储能回路接触器分合检测接口、储能电机电流传感器及储能油泵动作传感器与处理器连接；
在断路器连续分合闸试验中，所述处理器执行指令以实现如下断路器检测方法：
1)若一次分合闸时间间隔内，未检测到断路器分合闸且未检测到储能回路接触器动作，则停止试验并记录对应断路器机构卡滞故障；
2)对于液压机构断路器，若一次分闸或合闸时间间隔内，检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障；
对于弹簧机构断路器，若一次分闸时间间隔内，检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障；
3)若检测到储能电机驱动电流超过设定的过载电流，则停止试验并记录对应断路器储能电机过流故障；
4)若检测到储能油泵持续工作超过对应的预设打压储能时间，则停止试验并记录对应的断路器储能回路接触器粘连故障。
本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，适用于储能机构为油泵和弹簧储能两大类传感器结构。通过断路器分合检测接口检测断路器是否动作完成了分合闸，同时配合储能回路接触器分合检测接口检测断路器是否进行了储能，在断路器动作周期内判断是否分合闸以及是否储能即可判断出断路器是否发生了机构卡滞无法动作的故障；同时通过储能回路接触器分合检测接口检测断路器在单次分闸或合闸过程中进行了多少次储能动作，来判断是否存在频繁打压储能的问题；通过电流传感器检测储能电机是否存在过流故障；通 过储能油泵传感器检测储能油泵工作时长，判断是否存在因接触器粘连而导致的持续打压储能的故障。
本发明的装置实现了对断路器操作试验中几种常见故障的故障现象的识别，在遇到对应故障时能够主动处置，实现了无人值守和全天候试验。该装置减少了操作人员配置，自动识别故障类型，提高了自动化程度。
进一步的，所述断路器分合检测接口用于连接断路器分合闸辅助开关。
进一步的，所述储能回路接触器分合检测接口用于连接储能回路接触器辅助开关。
通过辅助开关/触点来判断或检测断路器及接触器的分合简单可靠，对电路和相关结构改动最小。
进一步的，所述储能电机电流传感器包括直流电流传感器和交流电流传感器。
电流传感器在本装置中用于检测储能回路过流保护，能够同时实现对交流供电的储能电机和直流供电的储能电机进行过流监控。
进一步的，所述储能油泵打压回路接触器分合检测接口用于连接储能油泵打压回路接触器辅助开关。
进一步的，所述断路器电机回路供电接口包括AC220V、DC220V和DC110V三种电源端口。
断路器储能回路电机电压包括AC220V、DC220V和DC110V三种电源，适用不同电压等级储能电机的断路器的操作。此外，本发明还提供DC220V和DC110V两种电源用于断路器控制电压。
本发明的一种多类型断路器的故障检测方法，在断路器连续分合闸试验中，采用如上所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置中的断路器故障检测方法。
附图说明
图1是本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置控制原理图；
图2是本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置电源原理图；
图3是本发明装置机构类型设置界面示意图；
图4是本发明装置参数设置界面示意图；
图5是本发明装置五路输出配置界面示意图；
图6是本发明装置机构类型选择界面示意图；
图7是本发明装置控制电压类型及电机电压类型选择界面示意图；
图8是本发明装置分合闸操作试验次数设定界面示意图；
图9是本发明装置试验中显示界面示意图；
图10是本发明装置报警查询界面示意图；
图11是本发明自动模式控制流程图；
图12是本发明手动模式流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
装置实施例：
本发明的一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，可针对各种不同类型的断路器进行试验操作，以检测其性能及可靠性(性能通过断路器故障前的已操作次数反映)，可对各种类型断路器控制参数及可能出现的故障进行设定，使用时选择对应的断路器类型，即可进行试验操作。若操作过程中出现对应断路器的故障现象，本发明的装置会自动停止该故障断路器的试验操作，且会根据故障现象自动记录及保存故障类型、故障发生时间、已操作次数等信息。
本实施例中，装置整体采用箱式结构，包括5个断路器操作位，即可以输出五路断路器控制信号和输出五路电压信号，可同时完成对五台断路器控制，实现五台不同类型断路器的试验操作。该装置内部配置变压器、整流器、大功率DC-DC变换器、PLC控制器、A/D模数转换器、五路直流电流传感器及变送器、五路交流电流传感器及变送器、各种分合闸继电器。面板包括液晶触摸屏、断路器控制信号输出端子、断路器电机电源输出端子、 检测输入端子、急停按钮、声光报警指示、手动分合闸按钮、电压表、电流表、小型断路器、5组分闸指示灯、5组合闸指示灯、5组控制信号指示灯等。通过触摸屏可实现参数的设定、信号显示等。输出输入端子采用插拔式结构，接线简单。
目前GIS断路器常用机构(类型)主要有液压机构(即图片中的CYT液压机构)、液压碟簧机构和弹簧机构，储能电机回路(回路导通与断开通过回路中的接触器的闭合与分开实现)中的储能电机用于给断路器机构打压蓄能，断路器机构分为液压储能、液压碟簧储能和弹簧储能。对于液压机构储能(CYT)：储能电机工作，对油泵进行打压，进而进行储能；对于液压碟簧机构储能：储能电机工作，对油泵进行打压，油泵对碟簧进行储能；对于弹簧机构储能：储能电机工作，对弹簧进行储能。200次断路器分合闸试验过程中可能产生的故障主要为：机构卡滞和损坏、油泵电机启动频繁、储能电机过流及接触器粘连导致油泵一直储能等。针对上述可能出现的故障，其故障检测方法如下：
(1)机构卡滞、损坏。
问题描述及出现的状况(故障现象)：
若断路器出现机构卡滞和损坏，此时给出分合闸信号，机构不会动作，储能电机不会进行储能操作，断路器本体也不会进行分合闸，与断路器本体状态同步的分合闸辅助开关也不会进行动作。
识别这种故障的检测方法：
断路器试验中，一次分合时间为180s，分闸到合闸或合闸到分闸的时间间隔为90s。给定分闸或合闸信号后，PLC后台开始计时，若在180s内，没有检测到辅助开关断开或闭合且储能电机没有进行储能，则认为机构出现问题，此时该路断路器线路断电，停止工作。PLC在后台记录故障时间、已经完成操作次数、故障类型。
(2)液压机构油泵电机启动频繁或弹簧机构频繁储能。
问题描述及出现的状况(故障现象)：
GIS产品的断路器主要配备三大类机构：液压机构、液压碟簧机构和弹簧机构。其中液压机 构和液压碟簧机构分闸或合闸后分别储能一次。弹簧机构仅分闸时储能一次。若在200次操作过程中，分、合闸后机构储能次数超过对应次数时，认为机构出现频繁打压和储能的问题。
识别这种故障的检测方法：
1)对于液压机构和液压碟簧机构，分闸或合闸信号给定后PLC后台开始计时，在分、合闸中间间隔的90s内，若检测到的储能回路接触器的辅助开关动作次数超过一次，即认为频繁储能。
2)对于弹簧机构，分闸信号给定后PLC后台开始计时，在分到合闸中间间隔的90s内，若检测到的储能回路接触器的辅助开关动作次数超过一次，即认为频繁储能。
若检测到机构频繁打压储能，此时该路断路器线路断电，停止工作。PLC在后台记录故障时间、已经完成操作次数、故障类型。
(3)打压储能电机过流故障。
问题描述及出现的状况(故障现象)：
若断路器打压储能电机出现过流故障，该路断路器应停止操作。
识别这种故障的检测方法：
断路器同一种机构的打压储能电机电压一般为AC220V、DC220V和DC110V三种类型，因此控制装置在设计时，加入了5路直流电流传感器和5路交流电流传感器，不同类型的电压形式通过PLC控制进行切换。通过设置每种储能电机的额定电流、过载电流值实时监测储能电机是否出现过流，若出现过流，立刻切断本路操作。PLC在后台记录故障时间、已经完成操作次数、故障类型。
(4)接触器粘连导致油泵一直打压储能。
问题描述及出现的状况：
断路器打压储能回路接触器粘接，则油泵会一直打压储能。
检测方法：
一般情况下，液压机构打压储能的时间小于80s，弹簧机构打压储能的时间小于20s，打压储能一开始，PLC就开始计时，若超过上述时间，则该路断路器应停止试验操作，PLC在后台记录故障时间、已经完成操作次数、故障类型。
具体的，如图1所示，以一个断路器操作位为例，本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置主要包括电源模块、各类开关、PLC控制器、A/D转换器(模数转换模块)、变送器、电流传感器、继电器模块、输出模块、指示报警模块等。
电源模块如图2所示，主要包括整流器、滤波器、DC-DC变换器、开关电源模块，市电AC220V作为输入，可输出AC220V、DC220V、DC110V和DC24V几种电压等级。其中断路器控制需要DC220V和DC110V两种电源供电。断路器机构的储能电机需要AC220V、DC220V和DC110V三种电源供电。PLC控制器、变送器、触摸屏、AD转换器、继电器模块、指示报警等需要DC24V电源供电。
电流传感器分为交流电流传感器和直流电流传感器，分别用于交流电机和直流电机的电流检测，电流传感器的切换可通过继电器实现。
变送器用于将电流传感器检测到的电流变送为4-20mA的标准信号。
A/D转换器用于将标准模拟电流信号转换为PLC控制器可识别的数字信号。
PLC作为核心控制模块，用于信号的处理、各种继电器的切换、与触摸屏进行通讯并进行数据传递、控制报警等。
触摸屏作为输入和显示端可进行各种参数的设定、各种机构类型参数的配置、报警显示及处理、实时监测、各种用户模式的进入等功能。
本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置的使用方法如下：
1、参数设置和五路输出配置。
(1)操作界面设置，操作界面设置为两种模式，一种为管理员模式，一种为普通用户模式，在管理员模式下可以进行参数的设定和修改，普通用户模式只能选用设定好的参数。
(2)进入管理员界面后，首先要配置断路器机构的类型。如图3所示，以平高252kVGIS为例进行说明，需要配置六种不同的机构类型。在触摸屏上随便点击其中任意一个机构类型，进入到如图4所示的参数设定界面。
(3)在参数设计界面，设定各个电压等级下储能电机的额定电流和过载电流值。同时设定分、合闸状态下机构每次储能的时间和储能次数。弹簧机构储能时间小于20s，其它机构储能时间小于80s。弹簧机构每分闸一次后储能一次，合闸不储能，其它机构每进行一次分、合闸都要储能一次。分、合闸时间间隔一般为90s，设定为默认值，一般不需要改变，若需要调试，可对此值重新进行设置。
(4)重复过程(2)和过程(3)完成所有类型机构的参数设定，此参数设定后，一般不需要进行修改，即使断电后上述参数仍能进行保存，普通用户进行操作时，只需进行机构类型的选择，控制电压和电机电压类型的选择。
(5)所有结构类型的参数设计完毕后，即可进入普通用户模式。
(6)进入普通用户模式后，需要对每一路输出(每个断路器操作位，对应“通道A、B、C、D、E”)的断路器机构类型及参数进行选择，界面如图5所示。
(7)选择“通道A”后进行机构类型选择。在如图6所示的机构类型选择界面，可进行“CYT三相电气联动”、“CYT三相机械联动”、“液压碟簧机构”、“弹簧机构(ZF11)”、“弹簧机构电气联动(ZF11C)”、“弹簧机构机械联动(ZF11C)”以及“空”模式的选择。若选择“空”模式，即该断路器操作位不进行操作试验，该路不进行信号输出、不进行故障检测等。
(8)例如选择“CYT三相电气联动”断路器机构，此时后台自动加载步骤(3)中设置好的打压储能时间，每次分、合闸打压储能次数，分合闸时间间隔等参数。接下来在如图7所示界面对电机电压类型和控制电压类型进行选择，电机电压类型选择后后台自动加载步骤(3)中设置好的电机额定电流和电机过载电流参数。
(9)以上机构类型选择完毕后，重复(7)(8)完成剩余4路输出的配置。
(10)机构类型及参数设置完毕后，对机构分合闸次数进行设定，默认次数为200次，若需要其他次数，可在如图8所示界面进行设定。
2、手动状态和自动状态。
本发明的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置可进行手动操作和自动操作。手动操作和自动操作通过柜面板上的切换按钮进行实现。
(1)手动操作模式：
手动操作模式下五路输出可连接任意类型的断路器机构，不进行故障检测、报警和分合闸计数。只需要配置好控制电源类型和电机电源类型，操作时只需按下分闸或合闸按钮，断路器即可进行分合闸操作，手动模式可用于断路器机构的调试。手动模式流程如图12所示。
(2)自动操作模式：
待手动模式将断路器机构调试到最佳状态时，设定好每路输出的机构类型、参数内容和分合闸次数后，对待测断路器进行接线，将断路器控制端与断路器操作位的输出模块相连用于获取控制信号，将断路器操作位的模拟量检测接口(电流传感器)接于储能电机或储能油泵的驱动线路上，将开关量接口接于断路器辅助开关触点两端以及储能回路接触器辅助开关触点两端。接线完毕后可进行断路器自动模式的分合闸操作试验，触摸屏界面如图9所示。在断路器自动进行分合闸操作界面，显示通道A到通道E的机构类型、机构的控制电压和电机电压类型、断路器此时的分合闸状态、已经操作的次数和是否报警。若按下暂停按钮，此时该通道暂停进行分合闸操作，若按下结束按钮，该通道提前结束操作。若发生了报警，可按下查询按钮，能够对报警信息进行查询。自动操作模式流程如图11所示。
本实施例中，通过断路器辅助开关触点的通断给出信号判断断路器分合闸动作；通过储能回路接触器辅助开关触点的通断判断断路器的储能动作；通过储能油泵的驱动电流持续时间判断储能油泵的工作时间，进而得到打压储能时间。作为其他实施例，也可采用其他方式判断断路器分合闸动作、储能动作、打压储能时间等，例如直接检测断路器主触点的分合来判断断路器的分合闸动作；通过储能回路电流检测储能回路接触器的动作，进 而检测储能动作等。
3、报警、报警查询和报警清除。
若发生了报警可按下报警栏中的查询按钮，对该通道的报警类型进行查询，界面如图10所示，报警类型包括“机构故障”、“打压储能电机过流故障”、“频繁打压故障”、“打压储能回路接触器粘接故障”。上述故障排除后可对报警进行消除，报警消除后，可继续进行操作。若需要结束本次操作，可按下“停止操作”按钮，该路通道结束本次操作。
4、安全保护。
在试验过程中如果出现异常可迅速按下操作箱前面板上的“急停”按钮，并在确认排除故障后松开“急停”按钮。
5、恢复出厂设置。
如果设置后出现开合时间错乱或其它错误，可以通过“恢复出厂设置”按钮复原出厂设置。恢复后需要重新对各个参数进行设置。
本发明的装置能显著提高生产效率，充分利用晚上时间，减少安全事故对人员带来的安全隐患。原来断路器操作试验需要至少一人值守，试验需要10h，每台装置可同时操作五台断路器，按每年生产700台断路器，装配工时90元/h来计算，年节约费用达到700×90×10＝63万元，推广可创造较大的经济效益。
方法实施例：
本发明的一种多类型断路器检测方法，在断路器连续分合闸操作试验中，执行如下步骤：
1)若一次分合闸时间间隔内(如180s)，通过断路器辅助开关未检测到断路器分合闸且通过储能回路接触器辅助触点未检测到储能回路接触器动作，即断路器未进行储能，则停止试验并记录对应断路器机构卡滞故障及故障时间和故障前进行的分合闸次数；
2)对于液压机构断路器，若一次分闸或合闸时间间隔内(分闸后到合闸前或合闸后到分闸前，例如90s)，通过储能回路接触器辅助触点检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障及故障时间和故障前进行的分合闸次数；
对于弹簧机构断路器，若一次分闸时间间隔内(分闸后到合闸前，例如90s)，通过储能回路接触器辅助触点检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障及故障时间和故障前进行的分合闸次数；
3)若通过电流传感器检测到储能电机驱动电流超过设定的过载电流，则停止试验并记录对应断路器储能电机过流故障及故障时间和故障前进行的分合闸次数；
4)若通过电流传感器或通过对应接触器辅助触点等方式检测到储能油泵持续工作超过对应预设的正常打压储能时间(弹簧机构储能时间一般小于20s，其它机构储能时间一般小于80s)，则停止试验并记录对应的断路器粘连故障导致持续打压储能，并记录故障时间和故障前进行的分合闸次数。
本发明可同时对五个不同或相同类型的断路器进行试验，“停止试验”应当理解为停止当前对应的故障断路器的操作试验，而非停止所有的断路器的分合闸操作试验。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和若干个断路器操作位；每个断路器操作位包括与处理器相连的控制信号输出接口和断路器电机回路供电接口，还包括用于检测断路器分合状态的断路器分合检测接口、用于检测断路器储能回路接触器动作状态的储能回路接触器分合检测接口、用于检测断路器储能电机驱动电流的储能电机电流传感器以及用于检测断路器储能油泵工作状态的储能油泵打压回路接触器分合检测接口；
    所述断路器分合检测接口、储能回路接触器分合检测接口、储能电机电流传感器及储能油泵打压回路接触器分合检测接口与处理器连接；
    在断路器连续分合闸试验中，所述处理器执行指令以实现如下断路器检测方法：
    1)若一次分合闸时间间隔内，未检测到断路器分合闸且未检测到储能回路接触器动作，则停止试验并记录对应断路器机构卡滞故障；
    2)对于液压机构断路器，若一次分闸或合闸时间间隔内，检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障；
    对于弹簧机构断路器，若一次分闸时间间隔内，检测到储能回路接触器动作超过1次，则停止试验并记录对应断路器频繁储能故障；
    3)若检测到储能电机驱动电流超过设定的过载电流，则停止试验并记录对应断路器储能电机过流故障；
    4)若检测到储能油泵持续工作超过对应的预设打压储能时间，则停止试验并记录对应的断路器储能回路接触器粘连故障。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，所述断路器分合检测接口用于连接断路器分合闸辅助开关。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，所述储能回路接触器分合检测接口用于连接储能回路接触器辅助开关。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，所述储能电 机电流传感器包括直流电流传感器和交流电流传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，所述储能油泵打压回路接触器分合检测接口用于连接储能油泵打压回路接触器辅助开关。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置，其特征在于，所述断路器电机回路供电接口包括AC220V、DC220V和DC110V三种电源端口。
  7. 一种多类型断路器故障检测方法，其特征在于，在断路器连续分合闸试验中，采用如权利要求1～6任一项中的多类型断路器用分合闸操作装置中的断路器检测方法。
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