WO2022126820A1 - 数字化听诊器 - Google Patents
数字化听诊器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022126820A1 WO2022126820A1 PCT/CN2021/072845 CN2021072845W WO2022126820A1 WO 2022126820 A1 WO2022126820 A1 WO 2022126820A1 CN 2021072845 W CN2021072845 W CN 2021072845W WO 2022126820 A1 WO2022126820 A1 WO 2022126820A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heart sound
- auscultation head
- ecg
- electrode sheet
- digital stethoscope
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002555 auscultation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000709 aorta Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004115 mitral valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002107 myocardial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003102 pulmonary valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000591 tricuspid valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B7/00—Instruments for auscultation
- A61B7/02—Stethoscopes
- A61B7/04—Electric stethoscopes
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of medical auscultation, and in particular, to a digital stethoscope.
- Cardiac auscultation is one of the most commonly used diagnostic methods by clinicians, so a stethoscope is also an essential tool for auscultation.
- the types of tools used for cardiac ECG sound detection mainly include: ordinary stethoscope, proprietary ECG phonocardiogram detector, dynamic ECG heart sound detector and digital stethoscope.
- ordinary stethoscopes have two replaceable auscultation heads: a bell-shaped auscultation head and a disc-diaphragm auscultation head. Due to factors such as the audible sound range and complex clinical background, the contribution of ordinary stethoscopes to timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment is very limited; The instrument of the electrocardiogram detector is bulky and complicated to operate.
- the installation position of the electrocardiogram electrode and the heart sound sensor is fixed, and they are separated from the auscultation; Single, cumbersome or unstable placement operation, limited location, insufficient ECG circuit design to cope with low-frequency interference baseline drift, resulting in waveform distortion or even deformity; the sound of cardiac auscultation restored by digital stethoscope is obviously distorted, and lacks in the ECG time domain. Simultaneous tracing of the phonocardiogram in the mapping environment cannot solve the identification of abnormal heart sounds and localization of the murmur period. Therefore, the existing cardiac auscultation tools cannot satisfy both general auscultation and detection of ECG and heart sounds, and the detection results are obviously distorted. In addition, the existing cardiac auscultation tools have a fixed detection position, and the detection equipment is bulky and complicated to operate, which is not conducive to use.
- the purpose of the present application is to realize the realization of ordinary auscultation through the ordinary auscultation head and through the cardiac
- the electric heart sound auscultation head and the control part realize the effect of displaying the electrocardiocardiogram in real time, and the digital stethoscope is small in size, easy to operate, and flexible in detection position.
- the present application provides a digital stethoscope
- the digital stethoscope includes: a common auscultation head, a control part, and an ECG heart sound auscultation head; the common auscultation head is connected with one end of the control part by a screw thread;
- the ECG heart sound auscultation head includes: a heart sound sensor, a first diaphragm, a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a reference electrode sheet and an ECG heart sound auscultation head casing; one end of the ECG heart sound auscultation head casing is installed with a The first diaphragm, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the reference electrode sheet are installed at the edge of the first diaphragm and are located at the position where the distance between them is the largest, and the heart sound sensor is located at the center of the accommodating space formed by the ECG heart sound auscultation head shell and the first diaphragm, and the other end of the ECG heart sound auscultation head shell is mechanically connected with the other end of the control part;
- the control part includes: a controller, a wireless communication module and a signal processing module; the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the controller, the heart sound sensor, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the reference The electrode sheets are all electrically connected to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is also electrically connected to the controller.
- the signal processing module includes: a heart sound amplifier, an ECG amplifier, a level adapter and an analog-to-digital converter;
- the heart sound sensor, the heart sound amplifier, the level adapter, the analog-to-digital converter and the controller are electrically connected in sequence;
- the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the reference electrode sheet are all electrically connected to the ECG amplifier, the ECG amplifier, the level adapter, the analog-to-digital converter and the controller Electrically connected in sequence.
- control unit further includes: an outer casing, a key board, a circuit board, and a USB interface circuit board;
- the controller, the wireless communication module, the heart sound amplifier, the ECG amplifier, the level adapter and the analog-to-digital converter are all fixed on the circuit board, and the circuit board and the A USB interface circuit board is located in the accommodating space of the outer casing, the USB interface circuit board is electrically connected to the controller, the USB interface circuit board has a USB interface device, the USB interface device and the key board embedded in the outer casing.
- control part further includes: a display module, a key module and a memory;
- the display module, the key module and the memory are all fixed on the circuit board, and the display module, the key module and the memory are respectively electrically connected to the controller.
- the display module includes: an indicator light and a display screen; the indicator light and the display screen are respectively electrically connected to the controller;
- the key board includes: a key and an indicator light housing; the key is arranged opposite to the key module; the indicator light housing is arranged opposite to the indicator light.
- control part further comprises: a window screen
- the window screen is embedded on the outer casing, and the display screen is arranged opposite to the window screen.
- the wireless communication module includes: a Bluetooth transmitter.
- the common auscultation head includes: a second diaphragm and a common auscultation head housing;
- One end of the common auscultation head shell is mounted with the second diaphragm, and the other end of the common auscultation head shell is connected with one end of the outer shell by a screw thread.
- the heart sound sensor is a dual-frequency integrated high-sensitivity heart sound sensor.
- the digital stethoscope further comprises: a listening device;
- the listening device is connected to the outer casing through a wire.
- a common auscultation head, a control part and an ECG heart sound auscultation head are arranged in the digital stethoscope, wherein the ECG heart sound auscultation head is provided with a heart sound sensor, a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a reference electrode
- the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the reference electrode sheet are installed at the edge of the first diaphragm and at the position with the largest distance between them, so that the maximum amplitude of the heart waves can be obtained.
- the signal processing module can obtain more accurate heart sound wave data; at the same time, the heart sound wave information is collected by the heart sound sensor, and then the signal processing module in the control part can obtain more accurate heart sound wave data; and the controller in the control part can wirelessly
- the communication module transmits the received heart wave data and heart sound wave data to the external display device wirelessly connected to the wireless communication module, realizing the effect of real-time display of the electrocardiogram, and the digital stethoscope can also use the ordinary auscultation head to realize ordinary The auscultation effect enables the digital stethoscope to simultaneously have the functions of ordinary auscultation and real-time electrocardiogram display, and the digital stethoscope is small in size, highly flexible in use, and easy to operate.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital stethoscope in an embodiment of the application
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a digital stethoscope in an embodiment of the application
- FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of the electrical connection relationship between each component of the control unit and each component of the ECG heart sound auscultation head in the embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 4 is a refined structural block diagram of the signal processing module in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the present application;
- FIG. 5 is another structural block diagram of the electrical connection relationship between each component of the control unit and each component of the ECG heart sound auscultation head in the embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital stethoscope in an embodiment of the application
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a digital stethoscope in an embodiment of the application
- the digital stethoscope includes: a common auscultation head 101, a control part 102, and an ECG auscultation head 103; the common auscultation head 101 is connected with one end of the control part 102.
- ECG heart sound auscultation head 103 includes: heart sound sensor 114, first diaphragm 116, positive electrode sheet 304, negative electrode sheet 305, reference electrode sheet 306 and ECG heart sound auscultation head shell 115; ECG heart sound auscultation head shell One end of the 115 is installed with the first diaphragm 116.
- the positive electrode sheet 304, the negative electrode sheet 305 and the reference electrode sheet 306 are installed at the edge of the first diaphragm 116 and are located at the position where the distance between them is the largest.
- the heart sound sensor 114 is located at the edge of the first diaphragm 116.
- the center position of the accommodating space formed by the ECG heart sound auscultation head housing 115 and the first diaphragm 116, the other end of the ECG heart sound auscultation head housing 115 is mechanically connected with the other end of the control part 102;
- the control part 102 includes: control controller 301, wireless communication module 302 and signal processing module 303;
- the wireless communication module 302 is electrically connected to the controller 301, and the heart sound sensor 114, the positive electrode sheet 304, the negative electrode sheet 305 and the reference electrode sheet 306 are all electrically connected to the signal processing module 303 , the signal processing module 303 is also electrically connected with the controller 301 .
- the digital stethoscope includes: an ordinary auscultation head 101, a control part 102 and an ECG heart sound auscultation head 103.
- the doctor uses the ordinary auscultation head 101 when performing ordinary auscultation, and when the digital stethoscope is powered off, Doctors can also perform ordinary auscultation through the ordinary auscultation head 101 .
- the digital stethoscope also includes the control unit 102 and the ECG auscultation head 103, there is no need to replace the auscultation head for the ordinary auscultation head 101, and other diagnostic methods can be implemented through the control unit 102 and the ECG and heart sound auscultation head 103.
- the positive electrode sheet 304, the negative electrode sheet 305 and the reference electrode sheet 306 are installed at the edge of the first vibrating film 116 and are located at the position where the distance between them is the largest, so that the distance between the electrode sheets reaches the maximum, Thereby obtaining the maximum amplitude of the heart wave.
- the heart sound sensor 114 is disposed at the center of the accommodating space formed by the ECG heart sound auscultation head housing 115 and the first diaphragm 116 for collecting heart sound wave information.
- a common auscultation head 101, a control part 102 and an ECG heart sound auscultation head 103 are provided in the digital stethoscope, wherein the ECG heart sound auscultation head 103 is provided with a heart sound sensor 114, a positive electrode sheet 304, a negative electrode plate 305 and reference electrode plate 306, and install the positive electrode plate 304, the negative electrode plate 305 and the reference electrode plate 306 at the edge of the first diaphragm 116 and at the position where the distance between them is the largest, so that the maximum distance between them can be obtained.
- heart wave amplitude, and then more accurate heart wave data can be obtained through the signal processing module 303 in the control unit 102; at the same time, the heart sound wave information is collected through the heart sound sensor 114, and then more accurate through the signal processing module 303 in the control unit 102.
- the controller 301 in the control unit 102 can transmit the received heart sound wave data and heart sound wave data to the external display device wirelessly connected with the wireless communication module 302 through the wireless communication module 302, so as to realize real-time display
- the effect of electrocardiogram, and the digital stethoscope can also realize the effect of common auscultation through the common auscultation head 101, so that the digital stethoscope can simultaneously have the functions of common auscultation and real-time display of electrocardiogram, and the digital stethoscope is small in size , with high flexibility and easy operation.
- FIG. 4 is a refined structural block diagram of the signal processing module in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 of the present application.
- the signal processing module 303 includes: a heart sound amplifier 401 , an electrocardiographic amplifier 402 , a level adapter 403 and an analog-to-digital converter 404
- the heart sound sensor 114, the heart sound amplifier 401, the level adapter 403, the analog-to-digital converter 404 and the controller 301 are electrically connected in turn;
- the ECG amplifier 402 , the level adapter 403 , the analog-to-digital converter 404 and the controller 301 are electrically connected in sequence.
- the heart first generates electrical excitation before mechanical contraction, and the tiny current generated by myocardial excitation can be conducted to the body surface through the body tissue, so that different parts of the body surface generate different potentials.
- the electrocardiographic amplifier 402 electrically connected to the electrode sheet 117 will receive the two picked up by the positive electrode sheet 304 and the negative electrode sheet 305 when the electrode sheet 117 is in contact with the body surface.
- the characteristic of the ECG signal is that the signal is very weak.
- the common ECG frequency is generally between 0.05-100Hz.
- the energy is mainly concentrated around 17Hz, and the amplitude is less than 5mV.
- the ECG electrode impedance is relatively high.
- the ECG amplifier 402 is a single-channel chest bipolar lead ECG amplifier, and the amplifying circuit of the ECG amplifier 402 is designed and manufactured according to the quality of the special machine level.
- the electrocardiographic wave signal amplified by the amplifier 402 passes through the level adapter 403 to obtain an amplified electrocardiographic wave signal without noise interference, and the level adapter 403 transmits the amplified electrocardiographic wave signal without noise interference to the analog-to-digital converter 404,
- the analog-to-digital converter 404 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the received ECG signal.
- the heart sound sensor 114 is a dual-frequency integrated high-sensitivity heart sound sensor.
- the heart sound sensor 114 is arranged at the center of the accommodating space formed by the ECG heart sound auscultation head shell 115 and the first diaphragm 116 .
- the dual-band output mode of the heart sound sensor 114 is: the center frequency of the low frequency band is 30 Hz, the center frequency of the high frequency band is 200 Hz, and the respective two-way attenuation is minimized; the output terminals of the two frequency bands of the heart sound sensor 114 are electrically connected.
- the heart sound amplifier 401 is connected, and the heart sound wave information of the two frequency bands amplified by the heart sound amplifier 401 is transmitted to the level adapter 403, and the amplified and noise-free heart sound wave signal is obtained after the level adapter 403.
- the level adapter 403 The amplified and noise-free heart sound wave signal is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 404, and the analog-to-digital converter 404 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the received heart sound wave signal of the two frequency bands.
- the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter 404 is 1000 Hz/channel, and the ECG signal and the heart sound wave signal of two frequency bands are converted by the analog-to-digital converter 404 to form three data groups of ECG, low-frequency heart sound and high-frequency heart sound.
- the signal processing module 303 including the heart sound amplifier 401, the ECG amplifier 402, the level adapter 403 and the analog-to-digital converter 404 is set, so that the maximum amplitude obtained by the positive electrode piece 304 and the negative electrode piece 305 is achieved.
- the ECG information is amplified by the ECG amplifier 402, and the amplified ECG information is debugged and analog-digital converted through the level adapter 403 and the analog-to-digital converter 404, so that more accurate ECG data can be obtained, and thus more accurate ECG data can be obtained.
- the heart sound wave information of the two frequency bands, the low-frequency heart sound wave information and the high-frequency heart sound wave information is collected by the heart sound sensor 114, and then the heart sound wave information of the two frequency bands is amplified by the heart sound amplifier 401 And through the level adapter 403 and the analog-to-digital converter 404, the heart sound wave information of the two frequency bands can be debugged and converted by analog to digital, so that more accurate heart sound wave data of the two frequency bands can be obtained, and then more accurate heart sound wave data of the two frequency bands can be obtained.
- the low-frequency heart sound data group and the high-frequency heart sound data group corresponding to the sound wave information.
- FIG. 5 is another structural block diagram of the electrical connection relationship between the components of the control unit and the components of the ECG auscultation head in the embodiment of the application.
- the control unit 102 further includes: an outer casing 106 , a key board 107 , a circuit board 108 , The USB interface circuit board 113; the controller 301, the wireless communication module 302, the heart sound amplifier 401, the ECG amplifier 402, the level adapter 403 and the analog-to-digital converter 404 are all fixed on the circuit board 108, and the circuit board 108 and the USB interface circuit board
- the USB interface circuit board 113 is electrically connected to the controller 301 , and the USB interface circuit board 113 has a USB interface device.
- control unit 102 further includes: a display module 501, a key module 203 and a memory 502; the display module 501, the key module 203 and the memory 502 are all fixed on the circuit board 108, and the display module 501, the key module 203 and the memory 502 are electrically connected to the controller 301, respectively.
- the controller 301 After the ECG heart sound auscultation head 103 and the control unit 102 collect and obtain three data sets of the ECG data set, the low-frequency heart sound data set, and the high-frequency heart sound data set, the controller 301 will The three data groups transmitted by the analog-to-digital converter 404 are stored in the memory 502, and the data unit duration in the data group is 15s.
- the memory 502 stores three data except the ECG data group, the low-frequency heart sound data group and the high-frequency heart sound data group.
- the date, time, auscultation area, paper speed, calibration and other information corresponding to the 3 data groups within each 15s will be recorded, which is convenient for later calling of related data files.
- the wireless communication module 302 includes: a Bluetooth transmitter.
- the Bluetooth transmitter can wirelessly communicate with various display devices with Bluetooth receivers, such as mobile phones, Pads, monitors, TV sets or large projection screens, and transmits ECG data sets, low-frequency heart sound data sets and high-frequency heart sound data sets.
- Group 3 data groups are displayed in real time as line graphs as 3-channel electrocardiograms synchronized with cardiac auscultation.
- the wireless communication module 302 may also include other forms of wireless communication devices other than the Bluetooth transmitter, so as to perform wireless communication with various required devices.
- the digital stethoscope can also carry out wired communication with the ECG heart sound analysis system supported by the hardware and software of the personal computer through the USB interface device of the USB interface circuit board 113 in the form of a transmission line, and complete the import of the relevant data files in the memory 502 and the digitalization of the stethoscope. Adjustment and setting of stethoscope related parameters.
- the display module 501 includes: an indicator light 111 and a display screen 112; the indicator light 111 and the display screen 112 are respectively electrically connected to the controller 301; the key board 107 includes: a key 201 and an indicator housing 202; the key 201 It is arranged opposite to the key module 203 ; the indicator light housing 202 is arranged opposite to the indicator light 111 .
- the indicator light 111 is on; when the auscultation area mode conversion button is performed through the auscultation area mode conversion button in the button 201, a unit character display is provided.
- the display screen 112 of the display screen 112 will display the code corresponding to the current auscultation area, and the corresponding relationship between the code and the auscultation area is: code A represents the auscultation area of the aorta I, code a represents the auscultation area of the aorta II, code P represents the pulmonary valve auscultation area, and the code M represents the mitral valve auscultation area, code T represents the tricuspid valve auscultation area, and code 0 represents the non-specific auscultation area (default).
- the controller 301 in the digital stethoscope will store the received three data groups and related data transmitted from the analog-to-digital converter 404 in the memory 502 .
- control unit 102 further includes: a window screen 110 ; the window screen 110 is embedded on the outer casing 106 , and the display screen 112 is disposed opposite to the window screen 110 .
- the window screen 110 By setting the window screen 110 , while realizing the protection of the display screen 112 , it is convenient for the doctor to confirm the current auscultation area of the digital stethoscope by observing the codes on the display screen 112 when using the digital stethoscope.
- the common auscultation head 101 includes: a second diaphragm 104 and a common auscultation head shell 105; one end of the common auscultation head shell 105 is installed with the second diaphragm 104, One end is connected with one end of the outer casing 106 with a screw thread.
- the digital stethoscope further includes: a listening device 118 ; the listening device 118 is connected to the outer casing 106 through a wire 119 .
- control unit 102 further includes: a power supply device 109, the power supply device 109 may be a battery, a rechargeable battery, or a power supply device with a connection line connected to an external power source, and the power supply device 109 is not used here.
- the specific form is limited, and the power supply device 109 is used to provide power for the digital stethoscope.
- the specific application scenario of the digital stethoscope is: when a doctor uses the digital stethoscope to diagnose a patient, the doctor activates the digital stethoscope through the power switch button in the button 201, and at the same time, the digital stethoscope in the digital stethoscope
- the Bluetooth transmitter in the wireless communication module 302 is wirelessly connected to the large-screen display hanging on the wall of the consultation room. The doctor first uses the ordinary auscultation head 101 of the digital stethoscope to examine the patient.
- the doctor When the doctor hears arrhythmia in the non-specific auscultation area in front of the patient's chest, he immediately places the ECG and heart sound auscultation head 103 of the digital stethoscope on the patient's chest.
- the large-screen display hanging on the wall of the consultation room immediately displays the patient's electrocardiogram in real time, and the doctor can diagnose the patient according to the electrocardiogram.
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Abstract
一种数字化听诊器，通过在数字化听诊器中设置普通听诊头（101）、控制部（102）和心电心音听诊头（103），心电心音听诊头（103）设置的电极片（117）获取最大幅度的心电波信息，并通过信号处理模块（303）获得精确的心电波数据，心电心音听诊头（103）中的心音传感器（114）采集心音波信息，并通过信号处理模块（303）获得精确的心音波数据；进而控制部（102）中的无线通讯模块（302）将接收到的心电波数据和心音波数据传输给与无线通讯模块（302）无线通讯连接的外部显示设备，实现了实时显示心电心音图的效果，并且该数字化听诊器还可以通过普通听诊头（101）实现普通听诊的效果，进而使得该数字化听诊器能够同时具备普通听诊和实时显示心电心音图的功能，并且该数字化听诊器体积小，使用灵活度高，便于操作。
Description
本申请涉及医疗听诊技术领域，尤其涉及一种数字化听诊器。
心脏听诊是临床医生最常用的诊断方法之一，因而听诊器也是听诊必备的工具。目前，用于心脏心电心音检测的工具类型主要包括：普通听诊器、专有心电心音图检测仪、动态式心电心音检测仪和数字化听诊器。
但是，普通听诊器具有两个可更换的听诊头：钟型听诊头和圆盘振膜式听诊头，限于可听音域及复杂临床背景等因素，普通听诊器对及时准确诊疗的贡献非常有限；专有心电心音图检测仪的仪器体积庞大，操作繁琐，心电电极和心音传感器安装位置固定，与听诊脱离；动态式心电心音检测仪的心电电极采用贴片式，位置固定，心音图传感器频道单一，安放操作繁琐或不牢固，位置局限，心电电路设计缺陷应付低频段干扰性基线漂移能力不足，导致波形失真甚至畸形；经过数字化听诊器还原的心脏听诊声音失真明显，并且缺乏在心电图时域标测的环境下同步描记心音图，不能解决异常心音的鉴别和杂音时期定位。因此，现有的心脏听诊工具不能同时满足普通听诊和对心电心音的检测，并且检测结果失真明显。此外，现有的心脏听诊工具检测位置固定，检测设备体积大，操作繁琐，不利于使用。
基于此，有必要针对上述问题，提出一种数字化听诊器，本申请目的是通过设置包括普通听诊头、控制部和心电心音听诊头的听诊装置，实现了通过普通听诊头实现普通听诊并通过心电心音听诊头和控制部实现实时显示心电心音图的效果，并且该数字化听诊器体积小，便于操作，检测位置灵活。
在第一方面，本申请提供了一种数字化听诊器，所述数字化听诊器包括：普通听诊头、控制部和心电心音听诊头；所述普通听诊头与所述控制部的一端丝扣连接；
所述心电心音听诊头包括：心音传感器、第一振膜、正电极片、负电极片、参考电极片和心电心音听诊头壳体；所述心电心音听诊头壳体的一端安装有所述第一振膜，所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片安装于所述第一振膜的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，所述心音传感器位于所述心电心音听诊头壳体与所述第一振膜形成的容置空间的中心位置，所述心电心音听诊头壳体的另一端与所述控制部的另一端机械连接；
所述控制部包括：控制器、无线通讯模块和信号处理模块；所述无线通讯模块与所述控制器电连接，所述心音传感器、所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片均与所述信号处理模块电连接，所述信号处理模块还与所述控制器电连接。
在其中一种实施例中，所述信号处理模块包括：心音放大器、心电放大器、电平适配器和模数转换器；
所述心音传感器、所述心音放大器、所述电平适配器、所述模数转换器和所述控制器依次电连接；
所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片均与所述心电放大器电连接，所述心电放大器、所述电平适配器、所述模数转换器和所述控制器依次电连接。
在其中一种实施例中，所述控制部还包括：外壳体、按键板、电路板、USB接口电路板；
所述控制器、所述无线通讯模块、所述心音放大器、所述心电放大器、所述电平适配器和所述模数转换器均固定于所述电路板上，所述电路板和所述USB接口电路板位于所述外壳体的容置空间内，所述USB接口电路板与所述控制器电连接，所述USB接口电路板具有USB接口装置，所述USB接口装置和所述按键板嵌在所述外壳体上。
在其中一种实施例中，所述控制部还包括：显示模块、按键模块和存储器；
所述显示模块、所述按键模块和所述存储器均固定于所述电路板上，所述显示模块、所述按键模块和所述存储器分别与所述控制器电连接。
在其中一种实施例中，所述显示模块包括：指示灯和显示屏；所述指示灯和所述显示屏分别与所述控制器电连接；
所述按键板包括：按键和指示灯外壳；所述按键与所述按键模块相对设置；所述指示灯外壳与所述指示灯相对设置。
在其中一种实施例中，所述控制部还包括：视窗屏；
所述视窗屏嵌在所述外壳体上，所述显示屏与所述视窗屏相对设置。
在其中一种实施例中，所述无线通讯模块包括：蓝牙发射器。
在其中一种实施例中，所述普通听诊头包括：第二振膜和普通听诊头壳体；
所述普通听诊头壳体一端安装有所述第二振膜，所述普通听诊头壳体的另一端与所述外壳体的一端丝扣连接。
在其中一种实施例中，所述心音传感器为双频一体式高灵敏度心音传感器。
在其中一种实施例中，所述数字化听诊器还包括：听音装置；
所述听音装置通过导线与所述外壳体连接。
采用本申请实施例，具有如下有益效果：
采用本申请的一种数字化听诊器，通过在数字化听诊器中设置普通听诊头、控制部和心电心音听诊头，其中，心电心音听诊头设置有心音传感器、正电极片、负电极片和参考电极片，并将正电极片、负电极片和参考电极片安装于第一振膜的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，从而可以获得最大的心电波幅度，进而通过控制部中的信号处理模块能够获得更加精确的心电波数据；同时，通过心音传感器采集心音波信息，再通过控制部中的信号处理模块能够获得更加精确的心音波数据；进而控制部中的控制器能够通过无线通讯模块将接收到的心电波数据和心音波数据传输给与无线通讯模块无线通讯连接的外部显示设备，实现了实时显示心电心音图的效果，并且该数字化听诊器还可以通过普通听诊头实现普通听诊的效果，进而使得该数字化听诊器能够同时具备普通听诊和实时显示心电心音图的功能，并且该数字化听诊器体积小，使用灵活度高，便于操作。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
其中：
图1为本申请实施例中一种数字化听诊器的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中一种数字化听诊器的爆炸图；
图3为本申请实施例中控制部各部件与心电心音听诊头各部件电连接关系的结构框图；
图4为本申请图3所示实施例中信号处理模块细化后的结构框图；
图5为本申请实施例中控制部各部件与心电心音听诊头各部件电连接关系的另一结构框图。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1至图3，图1为本申请实施例中一种数字化听诊器的示意图，图2为本申请实施例中一种数字化听诊器的爆炸图，图3为本申请实施例中控制部各部件与心电心音听诊头各部件电连接关系的结构框图，该数字化听诊器包括：普通听诊头101、控制部102和心电心音听诊头103；普通听诊头101与控制部102的一端丝扣连接；心电心音听诊头103包括：心音传感器114、第一振膜116、正电极片304、负电极片305、参考电极片306和心电心音听诊头壳体115；心电心音听诊头壳体115的一端安装有第一振膜116，正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306安装于第一振膜116的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，心音传感器114位于心电心音听诊头壳体115与第一振膜116形成的容置空间的中心位置，心电心音听诊头壳体115的另一端与控制部102的另一端机械连接；控制部102包括：控制器301、无线通讯模块302和信号处理模块303；无线通讯模块302与控制器301电连接，心音传感器114、正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306均与信号处理模块303电连接，信号处理模块303还与控制器301电连接。
在本申请实施例中，该数字化听诊器包括：普通听诊头101、控制部102和心电心音听诊头103，医生在进行普通听诊时使用普通听诊头101，并且在数字化听诊器断电的情况下，医生也可以通过普通听诊头101进行普通听诊。并且由于该数字化听诊器还包括控制部102和心电心音听诊头103，因此无需对普通听诊头101作更换听诊头的设置，通过控制部102和心电心音听诊头103即可实现其他诊断方式。
进一步地，将正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306安装于第一振膜116的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，以使得电极片之间的距离达到最大，从而获得最大的心电波幅度。同时将心音传感器114设置于心电心音听诊头壳体115与第一振膜116形成的容置空间的中心位置，用于采集心音波信息。
在本申请实施例中，通过在数字化听诊器中设置普通听诊头101、控制部102和心电心音听诊头103，其中，心电心音听诊头103设置有心音传感器114、正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306，并将正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306安装于第一振膜116的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，从而可以获得最大的心电波幅度，进而通过控制部102中的信号处理模块303能够获得更加精确的心电波数据；同时，通过心音传感器114采集心音波信息，再通过控制部102中的信号处理模块303能够获得更加精确的心音波数据；进而控制部102中的控制器301能够通过无线通讯模块302将接收到的心电波数据和心音波数据传输给与无线通讯模块302无线通讯连接的外部显示设备，实现了实时显示心电心音图的效果，并且该数字化听诊器还可以通过普通听诊头101实现普通听诊的效果，进而使得该数字化听诊器能够同时具备普通听诊和实时显示心电心音图的功能，并且该数字化听诊器体积小，使用灵活度高，便于操作。
请参阅图4，为本申请图3所示实施例中信号处理模块细化后的结构框图，信号处理模块303包括：心音放大器401、心电放大器402、电平适配器403和模数转换器404；心音传感器114、心音放大器401、电平适配器403、模数转换器404和控制器301依次电连接；正电极片304、负电极片305和参考电极片306均与心电放大器402电连接，心电放大器402、电平适配器403、模数转换器404和控制器301依次电连接。
在本申请实施例中，心脏在机械性收缩之前，首先产生电激动，心肌激动所产生的微小电流可经过身体组织传导到体表，使体表不同部位产生不同的电位，当数字化听诊器的心电心音听诊头103的电极片117与体表接触时，与电极片117电连接的心电放大器402会接收到电极片117与体表接触时正电极片304、负电极片305拾取到的两个电极所在测试点之间的电位差，心电信号的特点是信号十分微弱，常见的心电频率一般在0.05-100Hz之间，能量主要集中在17Hz附近，幅度小于5mV，心电电极阻抗较大，一般在几百千欧以上，心电放大器402为单通道胸前双极导联心电放大器，并且心电放大器402的放大电路按专用机级别的质量进行设计和制作，通过该心电放大器402放大后的心电波信号再通过电平适配器403后得到放大的且无噪声干扰的心电波信号，电平适配器403将放大的且无噪声干扰的心电波信号传输给模数转换器404，模数转换器404对接收到的心电波信号进行模数转换。
在本申请实施例中，心音传感器114为双频一体式高灵敏度心音传感器，该心音传感器114设置于心电心音听诊头壳体115与第一振膜116形成的容置空间的中心位置，用于采集心音波信息，该心音传感器114的双频段输出模式为：低频段的中心频率为30Hz，高频段的中心频率为200Hz，各自的双向衰减尽量缩小；心音传感器114的两个频段输出端电连接有心音放大器401，经过心音放大器401放大后的两个频段的心音波信息再传输给电平适配器403，经过电平适配器403后得到放大的且无噪声干扰的心音波信号，电平适配器403将放大的且无噪声干扰的心音波信号传输给模数转换器404，模数转换器404对接收到的两个频段的心音波信号进行模数转换。
其中，模数转换器404的采样频率为1000Hz/通道，心电波信号和两个频段的心音波信号经过模数转换器404的转换后形成心电、低频心音和高频心音3个数据组。
在本申请实施例中，通过设置包括心音放大器401、心电放大器402、电平适配器403和模数转换器404的信号处理模块303，以使得正电极片304、负电极片305获得的最大幅度心电波信息通过心电放大器402进行放大并通过电平适配器403和模数转换器404进行放大后的心电波信息的调试与模数转换，能够获得更加精确的心电波数据，进而获得更加精确的心电波信息对应的心电数据组；同时，通过心音传感器114采集低频心音波信息和高频心音波信息两个频段的心音波信息，再通心音放大器401对两个频段的心音波信息进行放大并通过电平适配器403和模数转换器404对两个频段的心音波信息进行调试和模数转换，能够获得更加精确的两个频段的心音波数据，进而获得更加精确的两个频段的心音波信息对应的低频心音数据组和高频心音数据组。
请参阅图5，为本申请实施例中控制部各部件与心电心音听诊头各部件电连接关系的另一结构框图，控制部102还包括：外壳体106、按键板107、电路板108、USB接口电路板113；控制器301、无线通讯模块302、心音放大器401、心电放大器402、电平适配器403和模数转换器404均固定于电路板108上，电路板108和USB接口电路板113位于外壳体106的容置空间内，USB接口电路板113与控制器301电连接，USB接口电路板113具有USB接口装置，USB接口装置和按键板107嵌在外壳体106上。
在本申请实施例中，该控制部102还包括：显示模块501、按键模块203和存储器502；显示模块501、按键模块203和存储器502均固定于电路板108上，显示模块501、按键模块203和存储器502分别与控制器301电连接。
在本申请实施例中，在心电心音听诊头103和控制部102采集并得到心电数据组、低频心音数据组和高频心音数据组3个数据组之后，控制器301会将接收到的由模数转换器404传输过来的3个数据组存储到存储器502中，数据组中的数据单位时长为15s，存储器502除了存储心电数据组、低频心音数据组和高频心音数据组3个数据组以外，还会记录每个15s内的3个数据组对应的日期、时间、听诊区和纸速、定标等信息，便于以后相关数据文件的调用。
在本申请实施例中，无线通讯模块302包括：蓝牙发射器。蓝牙发射器可以与带有蓝牙接收装置的各类显示设备进行无线通讯，如：手机、Pad、显示器、电视机或者大型投屏，并将心电数据组、低频心音数据组和高频心音数据组3个数据组以线图的方式实时显示为与心脏听诊同步的3通道心电心音图。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，该无线通讯模块302还可以包括除蓝牙发射器以外的其他形式的无线通讯装置，以便与各种所需设备进行无线通讯。
同时，该数字化听诊器还可以通过USB接口电路板113的USB接口装置以传输线的形式与个人计算机硬软件支撑的心电心音分析系统进行有线通讯，并完成存储器502中相关数据文件的导入以及对数字化听诊器相关参数的调节和设置。
在本申请实施例中，显示模块501包括：指示灯111和显示屏112；指示灯111和显示屏112分别与控制器301电连接；按键板107包括：按键201和指示灯外壳202；按键201与按键模块203相对设置；指示灯外壳202与指示灯111相对设置。
在本申请实施例中，当通过按键201中的电源开关按键启动数字化听诊器时，指示灯111亮起；当通过按键201中的听诊区模式转换按键进行听诊区模式转换时，配有单位字符显示的显示屏112会显示与当前听诊区相应的代码，代码与听诊区的对应关系为：代码A表示主动脉I听诊区，代码a表示主动脉II听诊区，代码P表示肺动脉瓣听诊区，代码M表示二尖瓣听诊区，代码T表示三尖瓣听诊区，代码0表示非特定听诊区（默认）。当通过按键201中的保存按键操作数字化听诊器时，数字化听诊器中的控制器301会将接收到的由模数转换器404传输过来的3个数据组以及相关数据存储到存储器502中。
在本申请实施例中，该控制部102还包括：视窗屏110；视窗屏110嵌在外壳体106上，显示屏112与视窗屏110相对设置。通过设置视窗屏110在实现了对显示屏112的保护的同时便于医生在使用数字化听诊器时通过观察显示屏112上的代码来确认当前数字化听诊器的听诊区。
在其中一种实施例中，普通听诊头101包括：第二振膜104和普通听诊头壳体105；普通听诊头壳体105一端安装有第二振膜104，普通听诊头壳体105的另一端与外壳体106的一端丝扣连接。
在其中一种实施例中，该数字化听诊器还包括：听音装置118；听音装置118通过导线119与外壳体106连接。
在其中一种实施例中，该控制部102还包括：供电装置109，该供电装置109可以为电池、充电电池或者带有与外部电源连接的连接线的供电装置，此处不对供电装置109的具体形式进行限定，供电装置109用于为数字化听诊器提供电能。
在其中一种实施例中，该数字化听诊器具体应用的场景为：医生在利用该数字化听诊器对患者进行诊断时，医生通过按键201中的电源开关按键启动数字化听诊器，与此同时，数字化听诊器中的无线通讯模块302中的蓝牙发射器会与诊室墙壁上悬挂的大屏显示器无线通讯连接。医生先用数字化听诊器的普通听诊头101对患者进行检查，当医生在患者胸前非特定听诊区闻及心律不齐时，立即将数字化听诊器的心电心音听诊头103置于患者的胸前，诊室墙壁上悬挂的大屏显示器立即实时显示出患者的心电心音图，医生可以根据心电心音图对患者进行诊断。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
- 一种数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述数字化听诊器包括：普通听诊头、控制部和心电心音听诊头；所述普通听诊头与所述控制部的一端丝扣连接；所述心电心音听诊头包括：心音传感器、第一振膜、正电极片、负电极片、参考电极片和心电心音听诊头壳体；所述心电心音听诊头壳体的一端安装有所述第一振膜，所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片安装于所述第一振膜的边缘处且位于两两之间距离最大的位置，所述心音传感器位于所述心电心音听诊头壳体与所述第一振膜形成的容置空间的中心位置，所述心电心音听诊头壳体的另一端与所述控制部的另一端机械连接；所述控制部包括：控制器、无线通讯模块和信号处理模块；所述无线通讯模块与所述控制器电连接，所述心音传感器、所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片均与所述信号处理模块电连接，所述信号处理模块还与所述控制器电连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述信号处理模块包括：心音放大器、心电放大器、电平适配器和模数转换器；所述心音传感器、所述心音放大器、所述电平适配器、所述模数转换器和所述控制器依次电连接；所述正电极片、所述负电极片和所述参考电极片均与所述心电放大器电连接，所述心电放大器、所述电平适配器、所述模数转换器和所述控制器依次电连接。
- 根据权利要求2所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述控制部还包括：外壳体、按键板、电路板、USB接口电路板；所述控制器、所述无线通讯模块、所述心音放大器、所述心电放大器、所述电平适配器和所述模数转换器均固定于所述电路板上，所述电路板和所述USB接口电路板位于所述外壳体的容置空间内，所述USB接口电路板与所述控制器电连接，所述USB接口电路板具有USB接口装置，所述USB接口装置和所述按键板嵌在所述外壳体上。
- 根据权利要求3所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述控制部还包括：显示模块、按键模块和存储器；所述显示模块、所述按键模块和所述存储器均固定于所述电路板上，所述显示模块、所述按键模块和所述存储器分别与所述控制器电连接。
- 根据权利要求4所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述显示模块包括：指示灯和显示屏；所述指示灯和所述显示屏分别与所述控制器电连接；所述按键板包括：按键和指示灯外壳；所述按键与所述按键模块相对设置；所述指示灯外壳与所述指示灯相对设置。
- 根据权利要求5所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述控制部还包括：视窗屏；所述视窗屏嵌在所述外壳体上，所述显示屏与所述视窗屏相对设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述无线通讯模块包括：蓝牙发射器。
- 根据权利要求3所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述普通听诊头包括：第二振膜和普通听诊头壳体；所述普通听诊头壳体一端安装有所述第二振膜，所述普通听诊头壳体的另一端与所述外壳体的一端丝扣连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述心音传感器为双频一体式高灵敏度心音传感器。
- 根据权利要求3所述的数字化听诊器，其特征在于，所述数字化听诊器还包括：听音装置；所述听音装置通过导线与所述外壳体连接。
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| CN2462857Y (zh) * | 2001-02-12 | 2001-12-05 | 张庆佳 | 一种听诊器 |
| CN201139576Y (zh) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-10-29 | 西安蓝港数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种心电听诊器 |
| US20090232323A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-09-17 | Joseph Berk | Dual-Sensor Stethoscope with Electronic Sensor |
| CN104023624A (zh) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-09-03 | 国立大学法人筑波大学 | 诊断装置 |
| CN104188683A (zh) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 贾衡 | 一种可显示、储存与传输心电信号的多功能智慧听诊器 |
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| US5003605A (en) * | 1989-08-14 | 1991-03-26 | Cardiodyne, Inc. | Electronically augmented stethoscope with timing sound |
| CN2462857Y (zh) * | 2001-02-12 | 2001-12-05 | 张庆佳 | 一种听诊器 |
| US20090232323A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-09-17 | Joseph Berk | Dual-Sensor Stethoscope with Electronic Sensor |
| CN201139576Y (zh) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-10-29 | 西安蓝港数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种心电听诊器 |
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