WO2022121556A1

WO2022121556A1 - Single-rod four-nail external fixator for fracture

Info

Publication number: WO2022121556A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/128023
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈聚伍; 陈泓丹; 徐涤
Original assignee: 陈聚伍
Priority date: 2020-12-11
Filing date: 2021-11-02
Publication date: 2022-06-16
Also published as: CN112472262A

Abstract

A single-rod four-nail external fixator for a fracture, the external fixator comprising two head-end fixation structures and corresponding fixation nails (2), and at least two terminal-end multi-dimensional fixation members (5) and corresponding fixation nails (2). Outer sides of the two fixation nails (2) at the head end respectively fix the head end of a connecting rod (1) by means of the head-end fixation structures, and outer sides of the fixation nails (2) at the terminal end respectively fix the terminal end of the connecting rod (1) by means of the terminal-end multi-dimensional fixation members (5). The external fixator has a simple structure, can minimize trauma to a patient caused by surgery to the greatest extent, and can reduce the volume and weight of an external fixator of the patient in a rehabilitation period to improve the mobility of the patient in the rehabilitation period and reduce the compression of the external fixator on a fracture site, which is beneficial to recovery.

Description

Single-rod four-pin external fixator for fractures

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fracture locating frames, and in particular relates to an external fixation frame which can locate and fix fractures only through a single connecting rod and four nails.

Background technique

The fixation methods for fractures include steel plate fixation, external frame fixation and intramedullary nail fixation. The steel plate internal fixation has the advantages of simple operation and short learning cycle, but the current nail-plate combination structure has the following problems: large trauma, high probability of accidental injury, infection And non-union, delayed healing, broken nails and broken plates occur frequently, and the postoperative scar is large, which affects the appearance and does not conform to the principle of minimally invasive. There are many kinds of fixation frames used in the treatment of fractures, but all of them have the disadvantages of complex structure and many components. The existing external frame fixation mostly adopts fixing nails to be vertically driven into both sides of the fracture, and then passes through multiple universal joints and connecting rods. The rods are connected to each other to form a fixed frame. Since the universal joint needs to have the adjustment relationship of lateral rotation and locking and vertical rotation and locking, the volume of the universal wheel is relatively large, and the volume of the entire outer frame is relatively large, which is inconvenient for fracture patients to carry after installation and use. , the fracture site cannot be changed, which affects foreign activities. It is urgent to develop a fracture fixation frame that is easy to operate, easy to carry and easily accepted by patients. External frame fixation is a commonly used fracture fixation method. The existing external frame fixation mostly uses fixing nails to be vertically driven into both sides of the fracture, and then connected to each other by multiple universal joints and connecting rods to form a fixed frame. The adjustment relationship between lateral rotation and locking and vertical rotation and locking, the volume of the universal wheel is relatively large, and the volume of the entire outer frame is relatively large. It is inconvenient for patients with fractures to carry after installation and use. A fracture fixation external frame that is easy to operate, easy to carry and easily accepted by patients is developed.

Femoral shaft fractures and distal femoral fractures are common clinical fractures. Surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method. Before intramedullary nailing and bone plate fixation, both ends of the fracture site need to be reduced, docked and fixed. Traction is an important means to reduce femoral fractures and restore the length of lower limbs. At present, the retractors used in the reduction of patients with lower extremity fractures in various hospitals mainly include a traction rope and a pulley. One end of the traction rope is connected to the bracket at the fracture site, and the other end bypasses the pulley and then hangs the weights, and manually increase the number of weights or replace them. The weight of the weights controls the traction. Since the patient will move while lying in the hospital bed, the traction force will change. Once the traction force changes, the weight of the weight should be adjusted. For the existing manual control methods, frequent replacement of weights is extremely inconvenient, which not only increases the workload of hospital nurses, but also brings trouble to the reduction of fracture patients. On the other hand, because one end of the traction rope is connected to the distal end of the fracture site and requires a large amount of traction, the direction of traction on the distal end of the fracture can only be along the direction of the traction rope. In the case of torsion, in the prior art, the method of pulling the distal end of the fracture belongs to rigid traction, and it is not easy to rotate and swing the fracture, so that the optimal reduction effect cannot be achieved.

External frame fixation is a commonly used fracture fixation method. The existing external frame fixation mostly uses fixing nails to be vertically driven into both sides of the fracture, and then connected to each other by multiple universal joints and connecting rods to form a fixed frame. The adjustment relationship between lateral rotation and locking and vertical rotation and locking, the volume of the universal wheel is relatively large, and the volume of the entire outer frame is relatively large. It is inconvenient for patients with fractures to carry after installation and use. A fracture fixation external frame that is easy to operate, easy to carry and easily accepted by patients is developed.

The fracture external fixator installation assembly with the publication number of CN 109009372 A, although the structure is simple, can allow the patient to carry less external fixator, but its operation process is complicated, the number of structural components that need to be matched is large, and the realization is relatively difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the various drawbacks of the current fracture fixation methods, the present invention provides a single-rod four-pin fracture external fixator with a simplified structure but better practicability, so as to achieve the purpose of minimally invasive and greatly simplified structure, which is beneficial to the patient's recovery period. Move flexibly, and reduce healthcare costs.

The technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is to use a single-rod four-pin fracture external fixator, which includes two head-end fixing structures and corresponding fixation nails (for example, two head-end fixators and two head-end fixation nails). ). At least two end multidimensional fixtures and corresponding fixation pegs (eg, two end multidimensional fixtures and two end fixation pegs). The outer sides of the two fixing nails at the head end respectively fix the head ends of the connecting rods through the head end fixing structure, and the outer sides of the fixing nails at the ends respectively fix the ends of the connecting rods through the end multi-dimensional fixing pieces.

Wherein, the lower end of the rod body of the fixing nail is a self-tapping segment for screwing into the bone, and the upper segment has a threaded segment.

Wherein, the main body side of the end multi-dimensional fixing piece has a connecting rod perforation for installing the connecting rod, a locking seam on the side of the connecting rod perforation for locking the connecting rod, and a penetrating nail is perpendicular to the connecting rod perforation. The flat holes are used to install the fixing nails; the threaded sections of the fixing nails are located on both sides of the flat holes through the nails, and lock nuts are respectively installed for pressing the locking seam.

There are many ways to use the head-end fixing structure. One of the head-end fixing structures adopts the head-end fixing piece. The main body side of the head-end fixing piece has a connecting rod through hole for installing the connecting rod. There is a locking seam on one side of the perforation of the rod for locking the connecting rod, and there is a flat hole through the pin perpendicular to the perforation of the connecting rod for installing the fixing nail. The female is used to compress the lock seam.

Another head end fixing structure means that at least two through holes are provided at the head end of the connecting rod. After the two fixing nails at the head end respectively penetrate the corresponding through holes, they are respectively fixed by lock nuts on the upper and lower sides of each through hole. .

Another head-end fixing structure adopts the head-end multi-dimensional fixing member a. The main body side of the head-end multi-dimensional fixing member a has a connecting rod perforation for installing the connecting rod, and a locking seam on the side of the connecting rod perforation for aligning the connecting rod. The connecting rod is locked, and there is a flat penetrating nail hole perpendicular to the perforation of the connecting rod for installing the fixing nail; the threaded section of the fixing nail is located on both sides of the flat penetrating hole with a lock nut for pressing the locking seam.

The connecting rod is a straight connecting rod or has a curved arc in the middle of the straight connecting rod.

A convex and concave pattern along the axial direction is arranged in the connecting rod hole of the fixing piece, or a convex and concave pattern is arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod, so as to improve the locking degree between the fixing piece and the connecting rod.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention has a simple structure, can reduce trauma to the patient as much as possible due to surgery, can reduce the volume and weight of the external support during the patient's recovery period, improve the mobility of the patient during the recovery period, and reduce external The compression of the stent on the fracture site is conducive to recovery.

2. The positioning operation of the present invention is simple, the operation can be completed only through simple training and learning, the operation workload is simplified, and the operation cost is reduced.

3. The present invention has simple and practical structure, low manufacturing cost, and reduced medical cost. Fewer structural components facilitate sterilization and maintenance handling. Not only is it easy to install, but it is also easy to remove.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective structural view of the head end fixing member in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a perspective structural view of the multi-dimensional fixing member at the end of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a front view of the fixing frame of Embodiment 1. FIG.

5 is a top view and a simplified view of the fixing frame of the first embodiment.

6 is one of the side views of the fixing frame of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is the second side view of the fixing frame of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a use state of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the holder of FIG. 8 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the fixing frame according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the fixing frame according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

12 is a top view and a simplified view of a fixing frame according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the installation positions of various fixing nails and connecting rods.

Fig. 14 is an assembly sequence diagram.

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a single-link transverse fixation in various nailing situations.

Labels in the figure: connecting rod 1, fixing nail 2, self-tapping section 21, thread section 22, head end fixing piece 3, connecting rod perforation 31, locking seam 32, nail hole 33, lock nut 4, multi-dimensional end Fixture 5, connecting rod hole 51, locking slit 52, flat hole 53 for piercing nail, anti-skid tooth 54, gasket 6, plane 7, hole 8.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: A single-bar four-pin external fixing frame whose head end is relatively adjusted and the end is absolutely adjusted. As shown in Figure 1, the fixing frame includes two head-end fixing parts 3 and two head-end fixing nails 2. End multi-dimensional fixing piece 5 and two end fixing nails 2, a straight link 1.

The outer sides of the two fixing nails at the head end respectively fix the head end of the connecting rod through the head end fixing member 3, and the outer sides of each fixing nail at the end respectively fix the end of the connecting rod through the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5.

As can be seen from the figure, the lower end of the rod body of each fixing nail 2 is a self-tapping segment 21 for screwing into the bone, and the upper segment has a threaded segment 22 for installing the lock nut.

As shown in Figure 2, the main body side of the head end fixing member 3 has a connecting rod through hole 31 for installing the connecting rod, and there is a locking slit 32 on the side of the connecting rod hole 31 for locking the connecting rod, which is perpendicular to the connecting rod. The through holes 31 have round holes 33 for penetrating nails for installing the fixing nails. The threaded sections 22 of the fixing nails are located on both sides of the round holes 33 for penetrating nails, respectively, with lock nuts for pressing the locking seams 32 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , there is a connecting rod hole 51 on the main body side of the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 for installing the connecting rod, and a locking slot 52 on the side of the connecting rod hole 51 for locking the connecting rod, which is perpendicular to the connecting rod hole 51 There are through-penetrating flat holes 53 for installing the fixing nails; the threaded sections 22 of the fixing nails are located on both sides of the nail-penetrating circular holes 53 respectively with lock nuts for pressing the locking seams 52 .

It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the outer surfaces of the fixing pieces located at both ends of the piercing flat holes 53 have anti-skid teeth 54, and the inner surfaces of the gaskets 6 located at both ends of the piercing flat holes 53 also have anti-skid teeth. The anti-skid teeth 54 are matched and fitted together, and the corresponding lock nut sleeved on the fixing nail is pressed against the outer sides of the gaskets on both sides of the flat hole 53 for piercing the nail respectively.

It can be seen from Figures 1 and 2 that there are multiple adjustment relationships between the two fixing parts 3 at the head end, the fixing nails and the connecting rod 1, namely: translation adjustment along the connecting rod axial direction, rotational adjustment along the connecting rod, and fixing along the connecting rod. The nail is adjusted up and down, but after fixing the upper and lower lock nuts of the fixing member 3, the upper and lower lock nuts press the locking seam 32, causing the fixing member 3 to be clamped on the outside of the connecting rod, and the fixing nail and the connecting rod are locked at this time. In order to improve the locking degree between the fixing piece and the connecting rod, a convex and concave pattern along the axial direction can be arranged in the connecting rod hole 31 of the fixing piece, or a convex and concave pattern can be arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod, so that after the fixing piece is locked, the fixing piece An absolute locking relationship with the connecting rod is achieved.

It can be seen from Figures 1 and 3 that there are multiple adjustment relationships between the two end fixing parts 5 and the fixing nail and the connecting rod 1, namely: translation adjustment along the connecting rod axial direction, rotational adjustment along the connecting rod, and adjustment along the fixing nail Lift adjustment. At the same time, since the multi-dimensional fixing member 5 has the flat holes 53 for penetrating the nails, the fixing nails can move left and right relative to the fixing member 5 .

When the external fixator of this embodiment is used, it is not assembled and then used, but four fixation nails are first fixed, and two sets of each fixation nail are respectively fixed at both ends of the fracture, and then the head end fixing member 3 The connecting rod 1 is fixed with the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5, as shown in Figure 14, the assembly sequence is (1)→(2)→(3)→(4). Specifically, fix the nails A and B as shown in Figure 4 at the proximal end of the fracture, requiring the A and B to be parallel, and then fix the C and D to the distal end of the fracture, requiring the C and D to be parallel. . Since the A nail and B nail are relatively close and fixed in the same bone segment, it is easy to ensure that the A nail and B nail are parallel. Similarly, the C nail and D nail are relatively close and fixed in the same bone segment, so it is easy to ensure that the C nail parallel to the D nail.

After the A nail and the B nail are driven, the head-end fixing member 3 and the connecting rod can be installed, and then according to the direction of the distal extension of the connecting rod, respectively, in the distal bone segment of the lateral fracture of the connecting rod. Insert the C nail and D nail. You can also drive four nails A, B, C, and D at the same time.

The relationship between Nail C and Nail D and Nail A and Nail B is not required to be strictly parallel or on the same straight line, but it can be controlled to be as close to the same straight line as possible during manual operation (no need to use instruments for positioning, and a small amount of deviation is allowed), so that A, The four nails B, C and D can quickly realize the nailing operation.

In this embodiment, the A nail and the B nail have only three dimensional adjustment amounts, namely: translation adjustment along the connecting rod axial direction, rotation adjustment along the connecting rod, and lifting adjustment along the fixing nail. After the B nail and the connecting rod 1 are fixed, the C nail and D nail and the connecting rod 1 are respectively fixed by the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 . It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the multi-dimensional fixing member 5 at the end has four dimensional adjustment quantities, namely: axial translation adjustment along the connecting rod, rotation adjustment along the connecting rod, lifting adjustment along the fixing nail, and the fixing nail can move left and right relative to the fixing member 5 . As long as the end fixing nails are located within the adjustment range of the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 , the two end fixing nails can be adjusted and fixed by the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 .

Therefore, in this embodiment, two fixation nails can be implanted at both ends of the fracture through the above external fixator, and then the fracture site can be reset and fixed through one connecting rod and four connecting pieces, which is compared with the existing external fixation of fractures. The structure of the frame is often composed of several connecting rods and a plurality of universal joints. The structure of the above-mentioned external fixator in this embodiment is very simplified, and the operation process is simple. Compared with the fracture external fixator installation assembly with the publication number of CN 109009372A, the present invention is On the basis of the simplified structure, the difficulty of operation and the number of applied parts are also simplified.

Based on the above structural features and application features, this example also has at least a variety of structural relationships of nail-position matching connections as shown in FIG. 5 . As shown in ① in Figure 5, it is an ideal state, that is, when the four nails A, B, C, and D are on a straight line, respectively install the head end fixing piece 3 and the end multi-dimensional fixing piece 4 and fix them. As shown in ② in Figure 5, at this time, the connection line between A nail and B nail is neither coincident nor parallel to the connection line of C nail and D nail, that is, the extension line intersects. The distance between the end of connecting rod 1 and the nails C and D is not equal. At this time, by adjusting the angular position of the multi-dimensional connectors at the two ends, it can be fixed with nails C and nails D respectively, and finally the same connecting rod is fixed with four fixing nails. as one. As shown in Figure 5 (3), when the deviation of the C nail and D nail at the end is large, the C nail and D nail can also be fixed by adjusting the direction of the multi-dimensional connecting block 5 at the end, so that each nail is fixed to the same connecting rod connected. As shown in Fig. 5 ④, the connection line between A nail and B nail is parallel or approximately parallel to the connection line of C nail and D nail, but the circumferential distance is far away. The nails are fixed, so that each nail is fixedly connected with the same connecting rod.

On the basis of Example 1, after the upper and lower lock nuts of the fixing member 3 are fixed, the upper and lower lock nuts press the locking seam 32, so that the fixing member 3 is clamped to the outside of the connecting rod, and the fixing nail and the connecting rod are locked at this time. In order to improve the locking degree between the fixing piece and the connecting rod, a convex and concave pattern along the axial direction can be arranged in the connecting rod hole 31 of the fixing piece, or a convex and concave pattern can be arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod, so that after the fixing piece is locked, the fixing piece An absolute locking relationship with the connecting rod is achieved.

Example 2: A single-rod four-pin fracture external fixator with adjustable head-end fixation ends, the structure of the external fixator is shown in Figures 8 and 9, including two head-end fixation structures and two head-end fixation nails 2. Two end multi-dimensional fixing pieces 5 and two fixing nails 2.

As can be seen from the figure, the head end fixing structure means that at least two through holes are provided at the head end of the connecting rod. Secured by lock nut. The lower ends of the rod bodies of the four fixing nails 2 are self-tapping segments 21 for screwing into the bone, and the upper segments are provided with threaded segments 22 .

The outer side of each fixing pin at the end respectively fixes the end of the connecting rod through the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 . Specifically, there is a connecting rod hole 51 on one side of the main body of the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 for installing the connecting rod, and a locking slot 52 on the side of the connecting rod hole 51 for locking the connecting rod. The through-penetrating flat holes 53 are used to install the fixing nails. The threaded section 22 of the fixing nail is located on both sides of the nail-piercing circular hole 53 with lock nuts respectively installed for pressing the locking seam 52 .

This embodiment achieves a similar function to that of Embodiment 1, although the two fixing structures located at the head end in this embodiment have a limited degree of adjustment, that is, they can only be adjusted up and down along the fixing pins. However, the two end multi-dimensional fixing members 5 provide sufficient multi-dimensional adjustment functions and degrees, so that this embodiment can also realize the fixed connection of the four fixing nails in various distribution situations as shown in FIG. 5 .

Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the connecting rod in this embodiment has a curved arc 9 in the middle of the straight connecting rod. As shown in Figure 10, it is still satisfied that the A and B pins are parallel, and the C and D pins are parallel, but the A and B pins on both sides are inclined outward at the same time, and the C and D pins are inclined outward at the same time. The straight link cannot fix the four nails A, B, C, and D into one. However, the included angle α of the extension line of the connecting rod perforation of nails A and B and the extension line of the connecting rod of nail C and D can be easily determined, so that only one angle bending tool is needed to bend the straight connecting rod to The arc of the included angle α can realize the fixing of the four nails A, B, C, and D into one. Further, the same structural performance as in Example 1 is achieved.

Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the connecting rod in this embodiment has a curved arc 9 in the middle of the straight connecting rod. As shown in Figure 11, it still satisfies that the A nail and B nail are parallel, and the C nail and D nail are parallel, but the A nail and B nail on both sides are inclined inward at the same time, and the C nail and D nail are inclined inward at the same time. The straight link cannot fix the four nails A, B, C, and D into one. However, the included angle β of the extension line of the connecting rod perforation of nails A and B and the extension line of the connecting rod of nails C and D can be easily determined, so that only one angle bending tool is needed to bend the straight connecting rod to The arc of the included angle β can realize the fixing of the four nails A, B, C, and D into one. Further, the same structural performance as in Example 1 is achieved.

Example 5: A single-rod four-pin external fixator with adjustable head-end and four-pin fractures, as shown in Figure 12, the external fixator includes two head-end multi-dimensional fixation parts 5a and two fixation The multi-dimensional fixing member 5 at the end and the two fixing nails 2, wherein the multi-dimensional fixing member 5a at the head end and the multi-dimensional fixing member 5 at the end can be exactly the same, and both adopt the structural form shown in FIG. 3 . The lower ends of the rod bodies of the four fixing nails 2 are self-tapping segments 21 for screwing into the bone, and the upper segments are provided with threaded segments 22 .

The multi-dimensional fixing member 5a at the head end and the multi-dimensional fixing member 5 at the end have a connecting rod hole 51 on one side of the main body for installing the connecting rod, and a locking slot 52 on the side of the connecting rod hole 51 for locking the connecting rod. The connecting rod through hole 51 has a through-through flat hole 53 for fixing nails. The threaded section 22 of the fixing nail is located on both sides of the nail-piercing circular hole 53 with lock nuts respectively installed for pressing the locking seam 52 .

Therefore, the multi-dimensional fixing member 5a at the head end and the multi-dimensional fixing member 5 at the end respectively have four dimensional adjustment quantities, namely: translation adjustment along the axis of the connecting rod, rotation adjustment along the connecting rod, lifting adjustment along the fixing nail, and the fixing nail relative to the fixing member It can move left and right. As long as the head-end fixing nail is located within the adjustment range of the head-end multi-dimensional fixing member 5a, the two head-end fixing nails can be adjusted and fixed by the head-end multi-dimensional fixing member 5a. Similarly, as long as the end fixing nail is located in the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 Within the adjustment range, the two end fixing nails can be adjusted and fixed by the end multi-dimensional fixing member 5 .

This embodiment at least includes the structural features and application features of the external fixing frame in Embodiment 1 through the above external fixing frame. This example also has at least a variety of structural relationships of nail-position fitting connections as shown in FIG. 13 . As shown in ① in Figure 13, it is an ideal state, that is, when the four nails A, B, C, and D are in a straight line, respectively install the head end fixing piece 3 and the end multi-dimensional fixing piece 4 and fix them. As shown in ② in Figure 13, at this time, the connection line between the A nail and the B nail is neither overlapped nor parallel to the connection line of the C nail and the D nail, that is, the extension line intersects. The distance between the end of connecting rod 1 and the nails C and D is not equal. At this time, by adjusting the angular position of the multi-dimensional connectors at the two ends, it can be fixed with nails C and nails D respectively, and finally the same connecting rod is fixed with four fixing nails. as one. As shown in ③ in Figure 13, the connection line between the A nail and the B nail is parallel or approximately parallel to the connection line of the C nail and the D nail. Fix it with D nails, so that each nail is fixedly connected with the same connecting rod. As shown in Fig. 13 ④, when the deviation of the C nail and D nail at the end is large, the C nail and D nail can also be fixed by adjusting the direction of the multi-dimensional connecting block 5 at the end, so that each nail is fixed to the same connecting rod connected. As shown in Fig. 13 (5), the connection line between A nail and B nail is parallel or approximately parallel to the connection line of C nail and D nail, but the circumferential distance is far away. By adjusting the direction of the multi-dimensional connection block 5 at the end, the connection between C nail and D nail can be adjusted. The nails are fixed, so that each nail is fixedly connected with the same connecting rod.

On the basis of Example 1, after fixing the upper and lower lock nuts of the multi-dimensional connection block, the upper and lower lock nuts press the locking seam 52, so that the multi-dimensional connection block is clamped to the outside of the connecting rod, and the fixing nail and the connecting rod are locked. In order to improve the locking degree between the fixing piece and the connecting rod, a convex and concave pattern along the axial direction can be arranged in the connecting rod hole 51 of the fixing piece, or a convex and concave pattern can be arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod, so that after the fixing piece is locked, the fixing piece An absolute locking relationship with the connecting rod is achieved.

Embodiment 6: The above embodiments describe the situation where the nails A and B are parallel, and the nails C and D are parallel. However, in fact, the planes O _A , O _B , O where the four nails A, B, C, and D are located are described. The four planes _C and O _D are respectively perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod. As long as O _A ∥ O _B and O _A ∥ O _B are satisfied, the fracture site can be treated with four nails and one connecting rod as described in Example 1. Positioning fixed functions. Since the multi-dimensional connecting block has a connecting rod through hole 51 and can be rotated and adjusted along the connecting rod, as shown in Figure 7, and the multi-dimensional connecting block can be lifted up and down and adjusted far and near relative to the fixing nail, it can satisfy the conditions of _OA _∥OB shown in Figure 12 and When O _A ∥ O _B , the outer fixing frame of the present invention can realize the single-link transverse fixation for various nailing situations as shown in FIG. 15 .

Claims

A single-rod four-pin external fixator for fractures, characterized in that it comprises two head-end fixing structures and corresponding fixation pins (2), at least two end multi-dimensional fixators (5) and corresponding fixation pins (2). The outer sides of the two fixing nails respectively use the head end fixing structure to fix the head ends of the connecting rods, and the outer sides of the fixing nails at the ends respectively use the terminal multi-dimensional fixing pieces (5) to fix the ends of the connecting rods; the lower ends of the rod bodies of the fixing nails (2) are made of In the self-tapping segment (21) screwed into the bone, the upper segment is provided with a threaded segment (22); the main body side of the end multi-dimensional fixing member (5) is provided with a connecting rod perforation (51) for installing the connecting rod, and is connected with the connecting rod. There is a locking slit (52) on one side of the connecting rod through hole (51) for locking the connecting rod, and perpendicular to the connecting rod through hole (51), there is a penetrating flat hole (53) through which the fixing nail is installed; The threaded section (22) is located on both sides of the flat nail-piercing hole (53) with lock nuts respectively installed for pressing the locking seam (52).
The single-rod four-nail external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the head-end fixing structure adopts a head-end fixing member (3), and a main body side of the head-end fixing member (3) has a through-hole The connecting rod hole (31) of the connecting rod is used to install the connecting rod, and there is a locking slit (32) on one side of the connecting rod hole (31) for locking the connecting rod, and there are penetrating nails perpendicular to the connecting rod hole (31). The round hole (33) is used for installing the fixing nail, and the threaded section (22) of the fixing nail is located on both sides of the round hole (33) for piercing the nail, and lock nuts are respectively installed for pressing the locking seam (32).
The single-rod four-nail external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the head end fixing structure means that at least two through holes are provided at the head end of the connecting rod, and the two fixing nails at the head end respectively penetrate After corresponding through holes, the upper and lower sides of each through hole are respectively fixed by lock nuts.
The single-rod four-nail external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the head-end fixing structure adopts a head-end multi-dimensional fixing member (5) a, and the main body of the head-end multi-dimensional fixing member (5) a is used. There is a connecting rod hole (51) on one side for installing the connecting rod, and a locking slot (52) on one side of the connecting rod hole (51) for locking the connecting rod, and there is a penetrating hole perpendicular to the connecting rod hole (51). The nail-piercing flat holes (53) are used to install the fixing nails; the threaded sections (22) of the fixing nails are located on both sides of the nail-piercing flat holes (53) and lock nuts are respectively installed for pressing the locking seams (52).
The single-bar four-nail external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod is a straight connecting rod or has a curved arc in the middle of the straight connecting rod.
The single-rod four-nail external fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that, a convex and concave pattern along the axial direction is arranged in the connecting rod perforation of the fixing piece, or a convex and concave pattern is arranged on the outer side of the connecting rod, which is used to improve the fixing piece. The degree of locking with the connecting rod.