WO2022121501A1

WO2022121501A1 - Antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2022121501A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/124252
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孔龙; 罗昕; 陈一
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2021-10-16
Publication date: 2022-06-16
Also published as: EP4246722A1; CN114614255A

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application is an antenna, comprising a dielectric plate, at least one first antenna unit resonating at a first frequency, at least one second antenna unit resonating at a second frequency, a first resonant circuit, and a second resonant circuit. The at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the dielectric plate; when the number of first antenna units is at least two and the number of second antenna units is at least two, there is a gap between each first antenna unit, there is a gap between each second antenna unit, and there is a gap between each first antenna unit and each second antenna unit. The first resonant circuit is positioned at a port of the first antenna unit and the second resonant circuit is positioned at a port of the second antenna unit. The first resonant circuit allows the first frequency to pass and the first resonant circuit cuts off the second frequency. The second resonant circuit allows the second frequency to pass and the second resonant circuit cuts off the first frequency. The rate of communication is thereby increased.

Description

an antenna

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011423434.4 and the application name "An Antenna" filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 08, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of modern communication systems, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the communication rate, channel capacity, data throughput, and user coverage of the communication system. In the development process of antennas such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) antennas, cellular antennas, mobile phone antennas, etc., external antennas are mainly developed in several directions such as multi-frequency, high gain, miniaturization and high isolation. Existing multi-frequency multi-feed external antennas are usually printed on the same dielectric board, and antenna elements with different frequencies on the same dielectric board are closely arranged, resulting in low isolation between ports and resulting in inter-frequency bands. mutual interference, which eventually leads to a decrease in the communication rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna capable of increasing a communication rate.

In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, which is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate, at least one first antenna unit resonating at a first frequency, at least one second antenna unit resonating at a second frequency, a first resonant circuit, a first Two resonant circuits; the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the dielectric board; the first resonant circuit is located at the port of the first antenna unit, the second A resonant circuit is located at the port of the second antenna unit; the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected to the second frequency; the second resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency. Two frequency paths, the second resonant circuit is disconnected to the first frequency.

With reference to the implementation of the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected to the second frequency, through The circuit structure is implemented as follows: the first resonance circuit is connected in series with the first antenna unit, and the first resonance circuit is a parallel resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the second frequency.

In combination with the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency channel, and the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency channel. The first frequency disconnection is realized by the following circuit structure: the second resonance circuit is connected in series with the second antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is a parallel resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the first frequency.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to second possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the first resonant circuit has a The disconnection of the first resonant circuit to the second frequency is realized by the following circuit structure: the first resonant circuit is connected in series with the first antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit is the first frequency series resonance structure.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the second resonant circuit is capable of responding to the second frequency path, The disconnection of the second resonant circuit to the first frequency is realized by the following circuit structure: the second resonant circuit is connected in series with the second antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is the second frequency series resonance structure.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, the first resonant circuit has a The disconnection of the first resonant circuit to the second frequency is realized through the following circuit structure: the first resonant circuit is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit is the second frequency series resonance structure.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, the second resonant circuit has a The disconnection of the second resonant circuit to the first frequency is realized by the following circuit structure: the second resonant circuit is connected in parallel with the second antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is the first frequency series resonance structure.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the first resonant circuit has a The disconnection of the first resonant circuit to the second frequency is realized by the following circuit structure: the first resonant circuit is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit is the first frequency the parallel resonant structure.

In combination with the first aspect or any one of the first to seventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner, the first resonance circuit is a lumped resonance circuit, or The first resonance circuit is a distributed resonance circuit.

In combination with the first aspect or any one of the first to eighth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner, the second resonant circuit is a lumped resonant circuit, or The second resonance circuit is a distributed resonance circuit.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a tenth possible implementation manner, the lumped resonant circuit includes an inductive device and a capacitive device.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to tenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner, the distributed resonant circuit is a printed circuit structure, and the The distributed resonant circuit includes equivalent inductance and equivalent capacitance.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to twelfth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a thirteenth possible implementation manner, the distributed resonant circuit structure includes a slot unit, a circular A kind of ring unit and helical unit.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to thirteenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in the fourteenth possible implementation manner, the first antenna unit is a dipole antenna, At least one of a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, and a horn antenna, or the second antenna unit is at least one of a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, and a horn antenna.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to fourteenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in the fifteenth possible implementation manner, when the number of the first antenna units is at least two When each of the antennas further includes a first transmission line, the first transmission line is used to connect the at least two first antenna units.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to fifteenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in the sixteenth possible implementation manner, when the number of the second antenna units is at least two When each of the antennas further includes a second transmission line, the second transmission line is used to connect the at least two second antenna units.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to sixteenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventeenth possible implementation manner, the length of the first transmission line is the first one medium wavelength of the frequency; the length of the second transmission line is one medium wavelength of the second frequency.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to seventeenth possible implementations of the first aspect, in an eighteenth possible implementation, the first transmission line is a coaxial line or a coplanar Waveguide CPW transmission line, the second transmission line is a coaxial line or a CPW transmission line.

With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to eighteenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a nineteenth possible implementation manner, the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one A second antenna unit is arranged on the dielectric board, including: the at least one first antenna unit is arranged on one side of the dielectric board, and the at least one second antenna unit is arranged on a side of the dielectric board. the other side; or both the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the same side of the dielectric plate; or the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna The cells are arranged on the same side of the media plate.

According to the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first resonant circuit is arranged at the port of the first antenna unit of the antenna, the second resonant circuit is arranged at the port of the second antenna unit, and the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency channel, The first resonant circuit is disconnected to the second frequency, the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected to the first frequency, thereby increasing the communication rate.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 100 according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 300 according to an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a test result according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 500 according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The antenna 100 includes a dielectric plate 101 , at least one first antenna unit 102 resonating at a first frequency, at least one second antenna unit 103 resonating at a second frequency, a first resonance circuit 104 , and a second resonance circuit 105 . At least one first antenna unit 102 and at least one second antenna unit 103 are arranged on the dielectric board 101 . The first resonance circuit 104 is located at the port of the first antenna unit 102 , and the second resonance circuit 105 is located at the port of the second antenna unit 103 . The first resonant circuit 104 is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit 104 is disconnected to the second frequency. The second resonance circuit 105 is connected to the second frequency, and the second resonance circuit 105 is disconnected to the first frequency. Wherein, at least one first antenna unit 102 and at least one second antenna unit 103 are arranged on the dielectric board 101, including: all the first antenna units 102 are arranged on one side of the dielectric board 101, and all the second antenna units 103 are arranged on the other side of the dielectric board 101; or, all the first antenna units 102 and all the second antenna units 103 are arranged on the same side of the dielectric board 101; or, all the first antenna units 102 and at least one second antenna unit 103 are arranged on the same side of the dielectric board 101 ; or, all the second antenna units 103 and at least one first antenna unit 102 are arranged on the same side of the dielectric board 101 . In general, the dielectric plate is flat, and in some cases there are dielectric plates of flexible material, which can be bent. In this case, the antenna element can be located on the outer surface of the dielectric plate. The first antenna unit 102 can be at least one of a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, and a horn antenna, and the second antenna unit 103 can also be a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, and a monopole antenna. , at least one of the horn antennas.

When the number of the first antenna units 102 is at least two, the antenna 100 further includes a first transmission line 106 for connecting at least two first antenna units 102 . When the number of the second antenna units 103 is at least two, the antenna 100 further includes a second transmission line 107 for connecting at least two second antenna units 104 . The length of the first transmission line 106 is one medium wavelength of the first frequency. The length of the second transmission line 107 is one medium wavelength of the second frequency. The first transmission line 106 may be a coaxial line or a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line, and the second transmission line 107 may also be a coaxial line or a CPW transmission line.

Specifically, the opening of the first resonance circuit 104 to the first frequency channel and to the second frequency may be implemented in the following manners 1 to 4.

Mode 1: The first resonant circuit 104 adopts a parallel resonant structure, the resonant frequency is the second frequency, and is connected in series with the first antenna unit.

Mode 2: The first resonance circuit 104 adopts a series resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the first frequency, and is connected in series with the first antenna unit.

Mode 3: The first resonance circuit 104 adopts a series resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the second frequency, and is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit.

Mode 4: The first resonance circuit 104 adopts a parallel resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the first frequency, and is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit.

The disconnection of the second resonance circuit 105 to the second frequency channel and to the first frequency can be realized in the following manners 5 to 8.

Mode 5: The second resonance circuit 105 adopts a parallel resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the first frequency, and is connected in series with the second antenna unit.

Mode 6: The second resonance circuit 105 adopts a series resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the second frequency, and is connected in series with the second antenna unit.

Mode 7: The second resonance circuit 105 adopts a series resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the first frequency, and is connected in parallel with the second antenna unit.

Mode 8: The second resonance circuit 105 adopts a parallel resonance structure, the resonance frequency is the second frequency, and is connected in parallel with the second antenna unit.

The principle of using a series resonance structure or a parallel resonance structure in a resonant circuit to realize a certain frequency path or circuit breaker is: when the series resonance structure is connected in series with the transmission line, the energy is equivalent to a path; when the series resonance structure is connected in parallel with the transmission line, the energy is equivalent to a circuit breaker. When the parallel resonant structure is connected in series with the transmission line, the energy is equivalent to an open circuit; when the parallel resonant structure is connected in parallel with the transmission line, the energy is equivalent to a path.

The first resonant circuit in the above manners 1 to 4 is a lumped resonance circuit or a distributed resonance circuit.

The second resonant circuit in the above manners 5 to 8 is a lumped resonance circuit, or a distributed resonance circuit.

Lumped resonant circuits include inductive and capacitive devices. The distributed resonant circuit is a printed circuit structure, and the distributed resonant circuit includes an equivalent inductance and an equivalent capacitance.

By designing the first resonant circuit 104 to be open to the first frequency and open to the second frequency, and to design the second resonance circuit 105 to open to the second frequency and open to the first frequency, the isolation between the ports can be improved. promote. Further, when the resonant circuit is located at the port of the antenna unit, there is no need to consider the difference in the space paths of energy coupling that cause the isolation to decrease.

FIG. 1 only shows antenna units with two resonance frequencies. In practical applications, the solution in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is also applicable to antenna units with three or more resonance frequencies. Specifically, the antenna includes m1 (m1≥1) antenna units arranged on the dielectric plate that resonate at the frequency f1, m2 (m2≥1) antenna units that resonate at the frequency f2, and so on to mn (mn≥1) antenna units 1, n≥3) the antenna unit resonating at the frequency fn, and the resonant circuit respectively located on the ports of the antenna unit at the resonant frequencies f1, f2, and fn. When the number of antenna elements for each resonance frequency is greater than or equal to 2, the antenna further includes a transmission line connecting the antenna elements of the resonance frequencies f1, f2, and fn, as shown in FIG. 2 . The implementation of the resonant circuit is described with reference to FIG. 1 and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The antenna 300 is a dual-frequency dual-feed antenna operating in the 2G and 5G frequency bands. The length of the dielectric plate 201 is 152 mm, the width is 13 mm, and the thickness is 0.8 mm. The antenna unit resonating in the 2G frequency band is located on one side of the dielectric board 201 , and the antenna unit resonating in the 5G frequency band is located on the other side of the dielectric board 201 . The antenna unit resonating in the 2G frequency band and the 5G frequency band is a dipole structure. There are two antenna units resonating in the 2G frequency band, and three antenna units resonating in the 5G frequency band. Antenna elements of the same resonant frequency have a certain distance between them. Antenna unit a and antenna unit b resonating in the 5G frequency band are connected by a CPW transmission line, and antenna unit b and antenna unit c are connected by a coaxial line. The antenna unit a and the antenna unit b resonating in the 2G frequency band are connected by a coaxial cable.

In this embodiment, the resonant circuit is composed of lumped inductance L and lumped capacitance C elements. Among them, the L and C values of the resonant circuit resonating in the 5G frequency band: L=1.2nH, C=0.5pF; the L and C values of the resonant circuit resonating in the 2G frequency band: L=2.2nH, C=2.4pF. The first LC circuit structure resonating in the 5G frequency band is connected in series with the port of the 2G antenna unit a, and the first LC circuit structure is a parallel LC structure to improve the isolation of the 5G frequency band. The second LC circuit structure resonating in the 2G frequency band is connected in series with the port of the 5G antenna unit a, and the second LC circuit structure is a parallel LC structure to improve the isolation of the 2G frequency band. The test results are shown in Figure 4. Compared with the antenna without the resonant circuit loaded at the port, after the resonant circuit is loaded, the isolation in the 2G frequency band is improved by more than 7dB, and the isolation in the 5G frequency band is improved by more than 10dB.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. Different from the embodiment of FIG. 3 , the resonant circuit in the embodiment of FIG. 5 is realized by printing a distributed resonant circuit structure. Specifically, the port of the 2G antenna unit a is connected in series with a first distributed resonant circuit, and the first distributed resonant circuit is composed of two slot units whose resonant frequency is the 5G frequency band, so as to improve the isolation of the 5G frequency band. In this embodiment, the slot structure itself can be equivalent to a parallel LC resonant circuit structure. Each slot unit of the first distributed resonant circuit has an outer slot length of 6.2 mm, an inner slot length of 1.6 mm, a slot width of 1.6 mm, a horizontal interval between the slots of 0.2 mm, and a spacing of two slots of 0.3 mm. A second distributed resonant circuit is connected in series with the port of the 5G antenna unit a, and the second distributed resonant circuit is composed of a slot unit whose resonant frequency is the 2G frequency band, so as to improve the isolation of the 2G frequency. The length of the outer slot of the slot unit of the second distributed resonant circuit is 14.5 mm, the length of the inner slot is 5.3 mm, the width of the slot is 1.4 mm, and the lateral interval between the slots is 0.2 mm. The simulation results are shown in Figure 6: Compared with the antenna without the resonant circuit loaded at the port, after the resonant circuit is loaded, the isolation in the 2G frequency band is improved by more than 4dB, and the isolation in the 5G frequency band is improved by more than 8dB.

The solutions described in the embodiments of this application are suitable for scenarios where the inter-frequency isolation of the antenna is improved, including but not limited to base stations, mobile phones, vehicles, WIFI products, microwave products, and the like.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

An antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate, at least one first antenna unit resonating at a first frequency, at least one second antenna unit resonating at a second frequency, a first resonance circuit, and a second resonance circuit;

the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the dielectric board;

The first resonance circuit is located at the port of the first antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is located at the port of the second antenna unit; The resonant circuit is disconnected to the second frequency; the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected to the first frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected from the second frequency, and is realized by the following circuit structure:

The first resonant circuit is connected in series with the first antenna unit, and the first resonant circuit is a parallel resonant structure whose resonant frequency is the second frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected from the first frequency, which is realized by the following circuit structure:

The second resonance circuit is connected in series with the second antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is a parallel resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the first frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected from the second frequency, and is realized by the following circuit structure:

The first resonance circuit is connected in series with the first antenna unit, and the first resonance circuit is a series resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the first frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected from the first frequency, which is realized by the following circuit structure:

The second resonance circuit is connected in series with the second antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is a series resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the second frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected from the second frequency, and is realized by the following circuit structure:

The first resonance circuit is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit, and the first resonance circuit is a series resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the second frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency path, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected from the first frequency, which is realized by the following circuit structure:

The second resonance circuit is connected in parallel with the second antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is a series resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the first frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant circuit is connected to the first frequency, and the first resonant circuit is disconnected from the second frequency, and is realized by the following circuit structure:

The first resonance circuit is connected in parallel with the first antenna unit, and the first resonance circuit is a parallel resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the first frequency.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second resonant circuit is connected to the second frequency path, and the second resonant circuit is disconnected from the first frequency, which is realized by the following circuit structure:

The second resonance circuit is connected in parallel with the second antenna unit, and the second resonance circuit is a parallel resonance structure whose resonance frequency is the second frequency.
The antenna according to any one of claims 2, 4, 6, and 8, wherein the first resonance circuit is a lumped resonance circuit, or the first resonance circuit is a distributed resonance circuit.
The antenna according to any one of claims 3, 5, 7, and 9, wherein the second resonance circuit is a lumped resonance circuit, or the second resonance circuit is a distributed resonance circuit.
The antenna according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the lumped resonant circuit includes an inductive device and a capacitive device.
The antenna according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the distributed resonant circuit is a printed circuit structure, and the distributed resonant circuit includes an equivalent inductance and an equivalent capacitance.
The antenna according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the distributed resonant circuit structure comprises one of a slot unit, a ring unit, and a spiral unit.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the first antenna unit is at least one of a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, and a horn antenna, or the The second antenna unit is at least one of a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, and a horn antenna.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein when the number of the first antenna units is at least two, the antenna further comprises a first transmission line, and the first transmission line is used for connecting the at least two first antenna elements.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein when the number of the second antenna units is at least two, the antenna further comprises a second transmission line, and the second transmission line is used for connecting the at least two second antenna elements.
The antenna according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the length of the first transmission line is one medium wavelength of the first frequency; the length of the second transmission line is one medium wavelength of the second frequency .
The antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the first transmission line is a coaxial line or a coplanar waveguide CPW transmission line, and the second transmission line is a coaxial line or a CPW transmission line.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the dielectric board, comprising:

The at least one first antenna unit is arranged on one side of the dielectric board, and the at least one second antenna unit is arranged on the other side of the dielectric board; or

Both the at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the same side of the dielectric plate; or

The at least one first antenna unit and the at least one second antenna unit are arranged on the same side of the dielectric plate.