WO2022121378A1 - 一种可穿戴设备及其声学模组阻水防护机构 - Google Patents

一种可穿戴设备及其声学模组阻水防护机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022121378A1
WO2022121378A1 PCT/CN2021/114446 CN2021114446W WO2022121378A1 WO 2022121378 A1 WO2022121378 A1 WO 2022121378A1 CN 2021114446 W CN2021114446 W CN 2021114446W WO 2022121378 A1 WO2022121378 A1 WO 2022121378A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water blocking
acoustic
protection mechanism
acoustic port
wall
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/114446
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨晴
隋俭俭
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US18/256,477 priority Critical patent/US20240107212A1/en
Publication of WO2022121378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022121378A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/08—Hermetic sealing of openings, joints, passages or slits
    • G04B37/081—Complete encasings for wrist or pocket watches also comprising means for hermetic sealing of the winding stem and crown
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/385—Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083—Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H04R1/086—Protective screens, e.g. all weather or wind screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/385—Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets
    • H04B2001/3872—Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets with extendable microphones or earphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B2001/3894—Waterproofing of transmission device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of wearable devices, in particular to a water blocking protection mechanism for an acoustic module.
  • the invention also relates to a wearable device.
  • the sealing structure design of the acoustic modules, such as microphones or speakers, is particularly important.
  • Most smart watches on the market require high-level waterproofing.
  • the most important waterproof components are microphones and speakers, and the waterproofing of the two mainly depends on waterproof sound-permeable membranes and glue sealing. The tightness determines whether the whole wearable device can be waterproof. Meet the advanced waterproof requirements, such as the water can not enter the water within the specified time of 50 meters.
  • the waterproof sound-permeable membrane of the acoustic module is usually installed on the module chip, the module chip is communicated with the outside world through the acoustic port, and the waterproof and sound-permeable membrane can block the liquid from entering the housing from the acoustic port, At the same time, sound is allowed to pass from the acoustic port into the housing or from the acoustic port to the outside of the housing.
  • the pressure resistance of the waterproof sound-permeable membrane is limited.
  • the waterproof sound-permeable membrane is easy to Enter into accelerated damage, fatigue, until rupture or complete failure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism, which can prevent the waterproof sound permeable membrane from bearing water pressure underwater for a long time, delay the loss of the waterproof sound permeable membrane, and improve the service life of the waterproof sound permeable membrane.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a wearable device.
  • the present invention provides an acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism, which includes an acoustic module arranged in a casing, an acoustic port opened on the outer wall of the casing and communicated with the acoustic module, a A waterproof sound-permeable membrane on the inner wall of the casing and covering the acoustic port, further comprising a waterproof and sound-permeable membrane embedded in the hole wall of the acoustic port retractably and stretched out to the hole when the external water pressure is greater than the air pressure in the casing.
  • the choke valve assembly in the acoustic port that plugs it.
  • the water blocking valve assembly comprises a valve cavity opened in the hole wall of the acoustic port, a piston rod telescopically arranged in the valve cavity, and a rod cavity of the valve cavity and the casing The interior is communicated, and the rodless cavity of the valve cavity communicates with the outside of the housing.
  • a return spring is sleeved on the rod end of the piston rod, one end of the return spring is in contact with the inner wall of the valve cavity, and the other end of the return spring is in contact with the inner wall of the head end of the piston rod. end face contact.
  • a sealing ring for sealing the gap between the piston rod and the inner wall of the valve cavity is sleeved on the outer edge surface of the head end of the piston rod.
  • the distal cross-sectional shape of the rod end of the piston rod is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the acoustic port.
  • the rod end of the piston rod is elastic.
  • the hole wall of the acoustic port is a smooth surface.
  • the inner wall of the valve cavity is a smooth surface.
  • the water blocking valve assembly further comprises an air passage hole opened on the inner wall of the casing and extending to communicate with the rod cavity of the valve cavity, and an air passage hole opened on the outer wall of the casing and extending to communicate with the rod cavity of the valve cavity.
  • the rodless cavity of the valve cavity communicates with a liquid passage hole, and the communication position between the air passage hole and the valve cavity is located in the stroke coverage area of the piston rod.
  • the present invention also provides a wearable device, comprising a housing and an acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism disposed in the housing, wherein the acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism is specifically any one of the above-described water blocking protection mechanisms Acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism.
  • the acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism mainly includes an acoustic module, an acoustic port, a waterproof sound-permeable membrane and a water blocking valve assembly.
  • the acoustic module is arranged in the casing, the acoustic port is opened on the outer wall of the casing, and extends into the casing to communicate with the acoustic module, so that the acoustic module receives the sound signal transmitted from the outside through the acoustic port to realize sound collection, Or so that the sound signal sent by the acoustic module is transmitted to the outside world through the acoustic port to realize broadcasting.
  • the waterproof sound-transmitting membrane is arranged on the inner wall of the casing and covers the surface of the aperture of the acoustic port, which is mainly used to isolate the inside and outside of the casing, prevent liquid from entering the casing from the acoustic port, and allow sound to enter the casing from the acoustic port. In vivo or from the acoustic port to the outside of the enclosure.
  • the water blocking valve assembly is integrally embedded in the hole wall located at the acoustic port in the outer wall of the casing, and is mainly used to withstand the external water pressure outside the casing and the internal air pressure in the casing at the same time (the casing is a sealed structure).
  • the acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism can effectively form water pressure protection for the waterproof sound-permeable membrane by blocking the acoustic port underwater by the water-blocking valve assembly, so as to prevent the waterproof sound permeable membrane from being underwater. It can withstand water pressure for a long time, delay the loss of waterproof sound-permeable membrane, and improve the service life of waterproof sound-permeable membrane.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state in which the water blocking valve assembly does not block the acoustic port in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state in which the water blocking valve assembly has blocked the acoustic port in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the overall structure of the housing shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is an A-A cross-sectional structural view shown in FIG. 3 .
  • Shell-1 Shell-1, acoustic module-2, acoustic port-3, waterproof sound-permeable membrane-4, water blocking valve assembly-5, sealing ring-6;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state in which the water blocking valve assembly 5 does not block the acoustic port 3 in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a specific embodiment provided by the present invention. Schematic diagram of the state that the water blocking valve assembly 5 has blocked the acoustic port 3 .
  • the acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism mainly includes an acoustic module 2 , an acoustic port 3 , a waterproof sound-permeable membrane 4 and a water blocking valve assembly 5 .
  • the acoustic module 2 is arranged in the casing 1, and the acoustic port 3 is opened on the outer wall of the casing 1, and extends into the casing 1 to communicate with the acoustic module 2, so that the acoustic module 2 receives signals from the outside through the acoustic port 3.
  • the transmitted sound signal is used for radio reception, or the sound signal sent by the acoustic module 2 is transmitted to the outside world through the acoustic port 3 to realize broadcasting.
  • the waterproof sound-permeable membrane 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1 and covers the surface of the aperture of the acoustic port 3, mainly for insulating the inside and outside of the housing 1, preventing liquid from entering the housing 1 from the acoustic port 3, and allowing Sound enters the housing 1 from the acoustic port 3 or is transmitted from the acoustic port 3 to the outside of the housing 1 .
  • the water blocking valve assembly 5 is integrally embedded in the hole wall located at the acoustic port 3 in the outer wall of the casing 1, and is mainly used to simultaneously withstand the external water pressure outside the casing 1 and the internal air pressure in the casing 1 (the casing 1 is a sealed structure) , and in the underwater environment, when the external water pressure is greater than the internal air pressure, it protrudes from the hole wall of the acoustic port 3 into the acoustic port 3, and the acoustic port 3 is completely blocked to isolate the acoustic port 3 from inside and outside, thereby preventing the acoustic port.
  • the external water pressure outside 3 continues to act on the waterproof and sound-permeable membrane 4 in the acoustic port 3 to form protection for the waterproof and sound-permeable membrane 4 .
  • the water blocking protection mechanism of the acoustic module provided in this embodiment can effectively form water pressure protection for the waterproof sound-permeable membrane 4 through the blocking of the acoustic port 3 by the water-blocking valve assembly 5 under water, so as to avoid the waterproof and sound-permeable membrane.
  • the membrane 4 bears water pressure underwater for a long time, so as to delay the loss of the waterproof sound-permeable membrane 4 and improve the service life of the waterproof and sound-permeable membrane 4 .
  • the water blocking valve assembly 5 mainly includes a valve cavity 51 and a piston rod 52 .
  • the valve cavity 51 is specifically opened in the hole wall of the acoustic port 3 in the outer wall of the housing 1 , and one end of the valve cavity 51 is kept in communication with the acoustic port 3 .
  • the piston rod 52 is slidably disposed in the valve cavity 51 and can slide along the length direction of the valve cavity 51 .
  • the piston rod 52 extends out of the valve cavity 51 into the acoustic port 3
  • the water inlet area of the acoustic port 3 can be reduced, the liquid in the acoustic port 3 can be blocked, and the function of a valve can be achieved.
  • the piston rod 52 fully extends out of the valve cavity 51, the end of the piston rod 52 tightly abuts on the inner wall of the acoustic port 3, and the acoustic port 3 is completely closed, which is equivalent to the valve being completely closed.
  • the rod cavity of the valve cavity 51 is communicated with the inner space of the housing 1, and at the same time , the rodless cavity of the valve cavity 51 communicates with the outside of the casing 1 .
  • the pressure of the rod-bearing cavity of the valve cavity 51 is always maintained at the air pressure, while the outside of the housing 1 is an underwater environment, so the pressure of the rod-less cavity of the valve cavity 51 remains the same as the current depth. equal water pressure.
  • an air passage hole 54 is opened on the inner wall of the casing 1, and the air passage hole 54 extends in the side wall of the casing 1 until it reaches the valve cavity 51.
  • the rod cavity is connected.
  • a liquid channel hole 55 is also opened on the outer wall of the casing 1, and the liquid channel hole 55 extends in the side wall of the casing 1 and extends to It communicates with the rodless cavity of the valve cavity 51 .
  • the air passage hole 54 can extend in the side wall of the casing 1 to form an L shape
  • the liquid passage hole 55 can extend in the side wall of the casing 1 to form a straight shape.
  • the specific communication position between the air passage hole 54 and the valve cavity 51 is located within the stroke coverage area of the piston rod 52 .
  • the length of the valve cavity 51 is L
  • the maximum stroke of the piston rod 52 in the valve cavity 51 is generally less than L, and if it is set to L1, the position where the air passage hole 54 communicates with the valve cavity 51 must be at the position of L-L1. within the range.
  • this embodiment A return spring 53 is added to the water blocking valve assembly 5 .
  • the return spring 53 is mainly used to make the piston rod 52 perform the return movement. Specifically, the return spring 53 is sleeved on the rod end 521 (small end) of the piston rod 52, and one end of the return spring 53 is in contact with the inner wall of the valve cavity 51, and the other end is in contact with the head end 522 (large end) of the piston rod 52. ) are in contact with the inner end face.
  • the piston rod 52 In the natural state, the piston rod 52 is completely retracted into the valve cavity 51, and the return spring 53 is not compressed; while in the underwater environment, the piston rod 52 is gradually and completely extended into the acoustic port 3 under the action of the pressure difference.
  • the return spring 53 When the return spring 53 is compressed to a certain degree, elastic potential energy is accumulated; when the shell 1 is separated from the underwater environment, the pressure difference disappears, and the return spring 53 is automatically stretched by the elastic force at this time, and the piston rod 52 is pushed back to retract. into the valve cavity 51, and the acoustic port 3 is turned on again.
  • the outer edge of the head end 522 of the piston rod 52 in this embodiment is A sealing ring 6 is sleeved on the surface.
  • the sealing ring 6 can be embedded on the outer edge of the head end 522 of the piston rod 52, and has elasticity, and can press the inner wall of the valve cavity 51 through elastic deformation (without affecting the sliding of the piston rod 52), thereby blocking the The gap between the piston rod 52 and the inner wall of the valve cavity 51 prevents water leakage.
  • the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 has elasticity, such as a hard rubber rod.
  • the end face of the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 will closely abut on the inner wall of the acoustic port 3, so that the elastic deformation of the rod end 521 is used to improve the resistance to the inner wall of the acoustic port 3.
  • the degree of compression so as to block the gap between the rod end 521 and the inner wall of the acoustic port 3 to prevent water leakage.
  • the end cross-sectional shape of the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the acoustic port 3 .
  • the end cross-sectional shape of the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 is also circular.
  • the end cross-sectional area of the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 can be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the acoustic port 3 to ensure complete coverage—of course, at the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 Vertical, radially protruding into the acoustic port 3.
  • the hole wall of the acoustic port 3 can also be designed as a smooth surface, so that the rod end 521 of the piston rod 52 and the hole wall of the acoustic port 3 will fit more tightly, preventing unevenness.
  • the structure results in the formation of a gap between the piston rod 52 and the acoustic port 3 .
  • the inner wall of the valve cavity 51 can also be designed as a smooth surface. In this way, the fitting between the head end 522 of the piston rod 52 and the inner wall of the valve cavity 51 will be tighter, preventing unevenness due to unevenness. The uneven structure causes a gap to be formed between the piston rod 52 and the valve cavity 51 .
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the overall structure of the housing 1 shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view A-A shown in FIG. 3 .
  • This embodiment also provides a wearable device, which mainly includes a casing 1 and an acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism disposed in the casing 1, wherein the specific content of the acoustic module water blocking protection mechanism is the same as the above related content , and will not be repeated here.
  • the wearable devices described in this embodiment mainly refer to watches, wristbands, headphones, etc.
  • the water blocking protection mechanism of the acoustic module is especially suitable for acoustic modules such as microphones and speakers, and of course it can also be applied for other types of acoustic components.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种声学模组阻水防护机构，包括设置于壳体内的声学模组、开设于所述壳体外壁上并与所述声学模组连通的声学端口、设置于所述壳体内壁上并覆盖所述声学端口的防水透声膜，还包括可伸缩地埋设于所述声学端口的孔壁中、用于在外界水压大于所述壳体内的气压时伸出至所述声学端口中将其堵塞的阻水阀组件。如此，本发明所提供的声学模组阻水防护机构，通过阻水阀组件在水下对声学端口的堵塞，将声学端口内外环境互相隔绝，能够有效地对防水透声膜形成水压防护，避免防水透声膜在水下长期承受水压，延缓防水透声膜的损耗，提高防水透声膜的使用寿命。本发明还公开一种可穿戴设备，其有益效果如上所述。

Description

一种可穿戴设备及其声学模组阻水防护机构
本申请要求于2020年12月08日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011423857.6、发明名称为“一种可穿戴设备及其声学模组阻水防护机构”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及可穿戴设备技术领域，特别涉及一种声学模组阻水防护机构。本发明还涉及一种可穿戴设备。
背景技术
随着中国电子技术的发展，越来越多的电子设备已得到广泛应用。
对于带有收音、播音等声学功能的可穿戴设备，尤其是高防水等级的智能穿戴产品而言，比如智能手表、手环等，其中的声学模组，如麦克风或扬声器等的密封结构设计尤其重要。市场上大部分智能手表都要求达到高级别防水，其中首要的防水器件就是麦克风和扬声器，而两者的防水主要依靠防水透声膜及胶水密封，其中密封性决定了可穿戴设备整机能否达到高级防水要求，比如在水下50米规定时间内不能进水等。
在现有技术中，声学模组的防水透声膜通常安装在模组芯片上，模组芯片通过声学端口与外界连通，而防水透声膜即可阻挡液体从声学端口中进入到壳体内，同时允许声音从声学端口中进入到壳体内或从声学端口传递到壳体外。然而，防水透声膜的耐压性能是有限度的，虽然能够有效地在一定水深范围内承受水压并隔绝外界液体进入壳体内，但若长时间处于深水高压环境中，防水透声膜容易进入到加速损坏、疲劳状态，直至破裂或完全失效。
因此，如何避免防水透声膜在水下长期承受水压，延缓防水透声膜的损耗，提高防水透声膜的使用寿命，是本领域技术人员所面临的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种声学模组阻水防护机构，能够避免防水透声膜在水下长期承受水压，延缓防水透声膜的损耗，提高防水透声膜的使用寿命。本发明的另一目的是提供一种可穿戴设备。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种声学模组阻水防护机构，包括设置于壳体内的声学模组、开设于所述壳体外壁上并与所述声学模组连通的声学端口、设置于所述壳体内壁上并覆盖所述声学端口的防水透声膜，还包括可伸缩地埋设于所述声学端口的孔壁中、用于在外界水压大于所述壳体内的气压时伸出至所述声学端口中将其堵塞的阻水阀组件。
优选地，所述阻水阀组件包括开设于所述声学端口的孔壁中的阀腔、可伸缩地设置于所述阀腔内的活塞杆，且所述阀腔的有杆腔与所述壳体内部连通，所述阀腔的无杆腔与所述壳体外界连通。
优选地，所述活塞杆的杆端上套设有复位弹簧，且所述复位弹簧的一端与所述阀腔的内壁抵接，所述复位弹簧的另一端与所述活塞杆的头端的内端面抵接。
优选地，所述活塞杆的头端的外缘面上套设有密封其与所述阀腔内壁的间隙的密封圈。
优选地，所述活塞杆的杆端的末端截面形状与所述声学端口的截面形状相同。
优选地，所述活塞杆的杆端具有弹性。
优选地，所述声学端口的孔壁为光滑面。
优选地，所述阀腔的内壁为光滑面。
优选地，所述阻水阀组件还包括开设于所述壳体内壁上并延伸至与所述阀腔的有杆腔连通的气道孔，以及开设于所述壳体外壁上并延伸至与所述阀腔的无杆腔连通的液道孔，且所述气道孔与所述阀腔的连通位置位于所述活塞杆的行程覆盖区域内。
本发明还提供一种可穿戴设备，包括壳体和设置于所述壳体中的声学模组阻水防护机构，其中，所述声学模组阻水防护机构具体为上述任一项所述的声学模组阻水防护机构。
本发明所提供的声学模组阻水防护机构，主要包括声学模组、声学端口、 防水透声膜和阻水阀组件。其中，声学模组设置在壳体内，声学端口开设在壳体外壁上，并且延伸至壳体内与声学模组连通，以便声学模组接收从外界经声学端口传递而来的声音信号，实现收音，或者以便声学模组发出声音信号经声学端口传递至外界，实现播音。防水透声膜设置在壳体的内壁上，并且覆盖在声学端口的孔口表面上，主要用于隔绝壳体内外，防止液体从声学端口进入到壳体内，同时允许声音从声学端口进入到壳体内或从声学端口传递到壳体外。阻水阀组件整体埋设在壳体外壁内位于声学端口处的孔壁中，主要用于同时承受壳体外的外界水压与壳体内的内部气压(壳体为密封结构)，并且在水下环境内当外界水压大于内部气压时，从声学端口的孔壁中伸出到声学端口内，并将声学端口完全堵塞，以将声学端口内外隔绝，从而防止声学端口外的外界水压继续作用在声学端口内的防水透声膜上，对防水透声膜形成防护。因此，本发明所提供的声学模组阻水防护机构，通过阻水阀组件在水下对声学端口的堵塞，能够有效地对防水透声膜形成水压防护，避免防水透声膜在水下长期承受水压，延缓防水透声膜的损耗，提高防水透声膜的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中阻水阀组件未堵塞声学端口的状态示意图。
图2为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中阻水阀组件已堵塞声学端口的状态示意图。
图3为图1中所示的壳体的整体结构俯视图。
图4为图3中所示A-A截面结构图。
其中，图1—图4中：
壳体—1，声学模组—2，声学端口—3，防水透声膜—4，阻水阀组件—5，密封圈—6；
阀腔—51，活塞杆—52，复位弹簧—53，气道孔—54，液道孔—55；
杆端—521，头端—522。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考图1、图2，图1为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中阻水阀组件5未堵塞声学端口3的状态示意图，图2为本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中阻水阀组件5已堵塞声学端口3的状态示意图。
在本发明所提供的一种具体实施方式中，声学模组阻水防护机构主要包括声学模组2、声学端口3、防水透声膜4和阻水阀组件5。
其中，声学模组2设置在壳体1内，声学端口3开设在壳体1外壁上，并且延伸至壳体1内与声学模组2连通，以便声学模组2接收从外界经声学端口3传递而来的声音信号，实现收音，或者以便声学模组2发出声音信号经声学端口3传递至外界，实现播音。
防水透声膜4设置在壳体1的内壁上，并且覆盖在声学端口3的孔口表面上，主要用于隔绝壳体1内外，防止液体从声学端口3进入到壳体1内，同时允许声音从声学端口3进入到壳体1内或从声学端口3传递到壳体1外。
阻水阀组件5整体埋设在壳体1外壁内位于声学端口3处的孔壁中，主要用于同时承受壳体1外的外界水压与壳体1内的内部气压(壳体1为密封结构)，并且在水下环境内当外界水压大于内部气压时，从声学端口3的孔壁中伸出到声学端口3内，并将声学端口3完全堵塞，以将声学端口3内外隔绝，从而防止声学端口3外的外界水压继续作用在声学端口3内的防水透声膜4上，对防水透声膜4形成防护。
因此，本实施例所提供的声学模组阻水防护机构，通过阻水阀组件5在水下对声学端口3的堵塞，能够有效地对防水透声膜4形成水压防护，避免防水透声膜4在水下长期承受水压，延缓防水透声膜4的损耗，提高防水透声膜4的使用寿命。
在关于阻水阀组件5的一种优选实施例中，该阻水阀组件5主要包括阀腔51和活塞杆52。其中，阀腔51具体开设在壳体1外壁内位于声学端口3的孔壁中，并且阀腔51的一端与声学端口3保持连通。活塞杆52可滑动地设置在阀腔51内，可沿着阀腔51的长度方向进行滑动。当活塞杆52伸出阀腔51至声学端口3内时，可减小声学端口3的进水面积，阻挡声学端口3内的液体，起到阀门的作用。而当活塞杆52完全伸出阀腔51时，活塞杆52的末端紧密抵接在声学端口3的内壁上，将声学端口3完全封闭，相当于阀门完全关闭。
同时，为利用外界水压与内部气压的压差作为驱动力驱动活塞杆52在阀腔51内滑动，在本实施例中，阀腔51的有杆腔与壳体1的内部空间连通，同时，阀腔51的无杆腔与壳体1外界连通。如此设置，壳体1内部由于充满气体，因此阀腔51的有杆腔的压力始终保持为气压，而壳体1外部为水下环境，因此阀腔51的无杆腔的压力保持与当前深度的水压相等。可见，当壳体1所处水下环境的深度超过一定阈值时，外界水压将大于内部气压，使得阀腔51内的无杆腔的压力大于有杆腔的压力，进而对活塞杆52形成压差驱动力，驱动活塞杆52伸出至声学端口3内。
为方便有杆腔与壳体1内部连通，本实施例在壳体1的内壁上开设有气道孔54，该气道孔54在壳体1侧壁内延伸，一直延伸至与阀腔51的有杆腔连通。同理，为方便无杆腔与壳体1外部连通，本实施例还在壳体1的外壁上开设有液道孔55，该液道孔55在壳体1侧壁内延伸，一直延伸至与阀腔51的无杆腔连通。一般的，气道孔54在壳体1侧壁内可延伸形成L型，而液道孔55在壳体1侧壁内可延伸形成直线型。
不仅如此，考虑到活塞杆52在阀腔51内滑动时，无杆腔与有杆腔不能形成连通，即气道孔54与液道孔55不能通过阀腔51形成连通，为此，在本实施例中，气道孔54与阀腔51的具体连通位置位于活塞杆52的行程覆盖区域内。具体的，若阀腔51的长度为L，则活塞杆52在阀腔51内的最大行程一般小于L，设为L1，则气道孔54与阀腔51连通的位置必须处于L-L1的范围内。如此设置，即使活塞杆52在阀腔51内伸出至最大行程的情况下，阀腔51壁上的气道孔54与液道孔55也不会连通，从而防止外界液体直接从阀腔51流入壳体1内。
此外，考虑到活塞杆52在伸出至声学端口3内将其堵塞后，在脱离水下环境后还需要重新缩回至阀腔51内，将声学端口3导通，为此，本实施例在阻水阀组件5中增设了复位弹簧53。顾名思义，该复位弹簧53主要用于使活塞杆52进行复位运动。具体的，复位弹簧53套设在活塞杆52的杆端521(小端)上，并且复位弹簧53的一端与阀腔51的内壁抵接，另一端与活塞杆52的头端522(大端)的内端面抵接。在自然状态下，活塞杆52完全缩回到阀腔51内部，复位弹簧53未受到压缩；而在水下环境时，活塞杆52在压差作用下逐渐完全伸出至声学端口3内，此时复位弹簧53受到一定程度压缩，蓄积有弹性势能；当壳体1脱离水下环境时，压差作用消失，此时复位弹簧53的在弹力作用才自动伸展，反向推动活塞杆52缩回至阀腔51内，将声学端口3重新导通。
为防止外界液体在涌入无杆腔后从活塞杆52与阀腔51的内壁之间的缝隙处流入有杆腔或气道孔54，本实施例在活塞杆52的头端522的外缘面上套设有密封圈6。具体的，该密封圈6可嵌设在活塞杆52的头端522外缘上，并且具有弹性，可通过弹性形变压紧阀腔51的内壁(不影响活塞杆52的滑动)，从而堵死活塞杆52与阀腔51内壁之间的缝隙，防止漏水。
基于同样的考虑，为提高阻水阀组件5对声学端口3的堵塞效果，在本实施例中，活塞杆52的杆端521具有弹性，比如硬质橡胶杆等。如此设置，当活塞杆52完全伸出阀腔51时，活塞杆52的杆端521端面将紧密抵接在声学端口3的内壁上，从而利用杆端521的弹性形变提高对声学端口3内壁的压紧程度，从而堵死杆端521与声学端口3内壁之间的缝隙，防止漏水。
进一步的，为方便活塞杆52的杆端521堵塞声学端口3，在本实施例中，活塞杆52的杆端521的末端截面形状与声学端口3的截面形状相同。比如，声学端口3的截面形状为圆形时，活塞杆52的杆端521的末端截面形状也为圆形。并且，结合活塞杆52具有弹性的特点，活塞杆52的杆端521的末端截面面积可稍大于声学端口3的截面积，以保证完全覆盖效果——当然，是在活塞杆52的杆端521垂直、沿径向伸入到声学端口3内的情况。
更进一步的，还可将声学端口3的孔壁设计为光滑面，如此设置，活塞杆52的杆端521与声学端口3的孔壁之间的贴合将更为紧密，防止因凹凸不平的结构导致在活塞杆52与声学端口3之间形成缝隙。
同理，在本实施例中，阀腔51的内壁也可设计为光滑面，如此设置，活塞杆52的头端522与阀腔51的内壁之间的贴合将更为紧密，防止因凹凸不平的结构导致在活塞杆52与阀腔51之间形成缝隙。
如图3、图4所示，图3为图1中所示的壳体1的整体结构俯视图，图4为图3中所示A-A截面结构图。
本实施例还提供一种可穿戴设备，主要包括壳体1和设置于壳体1中的声学模组阻水防护机构，其中，该声学模组阻水防护机构的具体内容与上述相关内容相同，此处不再赘述。具体的，本实施例中所述的可穿戴设备，主要指的是手表、手环、耳机等，同时，声学模组阻水防护机构尤其适用于麦克风、扬声器等声学模组，当然也可以适用于其余类型的声学部件。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种声学模组阻水防护机构，包括设置于壳体(1)内的声学模组(2)、开设于所述壳体(1)外壁上并与所述声学模组(2)连通的声学端口(3)、设置于所述壳体(1)内壁上并覆盖所述声学端口(3)的防水透声膜(4)，其特征在于，还包括可伸缩地埋设于所述声学端口(3)的孔壁中、用于在外界水压大于所述壳体(1)内的气压时伸出至所述声学端口(3)中将其堵塞的阻水阀组件(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述阻水阀组件(5)包括开设于所述声学端口(3)的孔壁中的阀腔(51)、可伸缩地设置于所述阀腔(51)内的活塞杆(52)，且所述阀腔(51)的有杆腔与所述壳体(1)内部连通，所述阀腔(51)的无杆腔与所述壳体(1)外界连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述活塞杆(52)的杆端(521)上套设有复位弹簧(53)，且所述复位弹簧(53)的一端与所述阀腔(51)的内壁抵接，所述复位弹簧(53)的另一端与所述活塞杆(52)的头端(522)的内端面抵接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述活塞杆(52)的头端(522)的外缘面上套设有密封其与所述阀腔(51)内壁的间隙的密封圈(6)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述活塞杆(52)的杆端(521)的末端截面形状与所述声学端口(3)的截面形状相同。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述活塞杆(52)的杆端(521)具有弹性。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述声学端口(3)的孔壁为光滑面。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述阀腔(51)的内壁为光滑面。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述阻水阀组件(5)还包括开设于所述壳体(1)内壁上并延伸至与所述阀腔(51)的有杆腔连通的气道孔(54)，以及开设于所述壳体(1)外壁上并延伸至与所述阀腔(51)的无杆腔连通的液道孔(55)，且所述气道孔(54)与所述阀腔(51)的连通位置位于所述活塞杆(52)的行程覆盖区域内。
  10. 一种可穿戴设备，包括壳体(1)和设置于所述壳体(1)中的声学模组阻水防护机构，其特征在于，所述声学模组阻水防护机构具体为权利要求1-9任一项所述的声学模组阻水防护机构。
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