WO2022121193A1 - Method for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature - Google Patents
Method for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022121193A1 WO2022121193A1 PCT/CN2021/086322 CN2021086322W WO2022121193A1 WO 2022121193 A1 WO2022121193 A1 WO 2022121193A1 CN 2021086322 W CN2021086322 W CN 2021086322W WO 2022121193 A1 WO2022121193 A1 WO 2022121193A1
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- high temperature
- chemical energy
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- mechanical energy
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/005—Electro-chemical actuators; Actuators having a material for absorbing or desorbing gas, e.g. a metal hydride; Actuators using the difference in osmotic pressure between fluids; Actuators with elements stretchable when contacted with liquid rich in ions, with UV light, with a salt solution
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of energy development and utilization. Specifically, it relates to a method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
- Chemical energy refers to the energy stored in substances. Chemical energy is widely present in nature. With the progress of chemical changes in substances, chemical energy will be converted into heat energy or other forms of energy, such as the combustion of oil and coal, the explosion of explosives and other forms of energy. The energy released when food undergoes chemical changes in the body. According to the law of conservation of energy, when the atoms in the compounds participating in the reaction are rearranged to produce new compounds, the chemical energy will change, and then the energy conversion effect will occur. The energy conversion of substances in the chemical process is the source of power for human survival and development.
- the principle of converting chemical energy into heat energy is used to obtain the required heat to ensure life, production and scientific research; the use of heat energy to promote chemical reactions, so as to study The composition, properties or substances required for preparation of substances, such as high-temperature smelting of metals, decomposition of compounds, etc.
- thermodynamics a substance cannot absorb heat from a single heat source and convert it into useful work without any other effects. Therefore, there is considerable energy loss in the process of converting chemical energy to mechanical energy through internal energy, and the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high. Low.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
- the mass fraction of the calcium oxide powder in the mixed powder is 40-65 wt %
- the mass fraction of the alumina powder is 30-35 wt %
- the mass fraction of the silicon oxide powder is 30-35 wt %. It is 5-20 wt%.
- the high temperature furnace is in an air atmosphere and normal pressure conditions.
- the heating rate of the high temperature furnace is 1-30°C/min.
- the CaO content in the calcium oxide powder is greater than or equal to 98 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 ⁇ m.
- the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is greater than or equal to 99 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 ⁇ m.
- the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is greater than or equal to 98 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 ⁇ m.
- the cross section of the corundum crucible can be triangular, square, rectangular, etc.; the content of Al 2 O 3 in the material of the corundum crucible is ⁇ 99wt%, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is ⁇ 3.8g/cm 3 .
- the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:(0.3 ⁇ 0.5), and the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:(0.3 ⁇ 0.8) .
- the piston cover is a high temperature resistant inert material, which does not react with the melt after the mixed powder is melted and the corundum crucible.
- the mixed powder of calcium oxide, silicon oxide, and aluminum oxide with suitable proportions forms a melt with a certain high-temperature structure during the heating process.
- the melt will react with the inner wall of the corundum crucible and the air at the three-phase interface, and the alumina in the crucible will dissolve into the melt, making a large amount of free radicals in the melt.
- the base is annihilated, thereby releasing the chemical energy of the melt to form upwelling peaks along the angle of the inner wall of the crucible.
- the kinetic energy of the upwelling of the melt is used to drive the piston to form a mechanical movement, and the direct conversion from chemical energy to mechanical energy is realized.
- the invention can realize the direct conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature, laying a foundation for the efficient conversion and utilization of chemical energy at high temperature; the invention can also change the components of the mixed powder, adjust the ratio of the length and width of the inner wall of the corundum crucible, and keep the heat preservation. Time to adjust the height of the upwelling peak, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the mechanical movement of the driving piston.
- Example 1 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 1 of the present invention.
- Example 2 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 2 of the present invention.
- Example 3 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 3 of the present invention.
- the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.3; the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:0.3; the calcium oxide
- the CaO content in the powder is 98 wt%, and the particle size is 88 ⁇ m; the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is 99 wt %, and the particle size is 88 ⁇ m; the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98 wt %, and the particle size is 98 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the corundum crucible is 88 ⁇ m; the Al 2 O 3 content in the corundum crucible material is 99 wt %, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 3.8 g/cm 3 ; the material of the piston-type lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
- the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 1. It can be observed from Figure 1 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 3.87mm.
- the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.4; the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:0.5; the calcium oxide
- the CaO content in the powder is 99 wt%, and the particle size is 85 ⁇ m;
- the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is 99.5 wt %, and the particle size is 86 ⁇ m;
- the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98.5 wt % , the particle size is 87 ⁇ m;
- the content of Al 2 O 3 in the corundum crucible material is 99.5wt%, the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 3.9g/cm 3 ;
- the material of the piston lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
- the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 2. It can be observed from Figure 2 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 4.61mm.
- the ratio of the height of the inner wall of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.8; the ratio of the length of the inner wall to the width of the inner wall of the corundum crucible is 1:0.4; the CaO content in the calcium oxide powder is 98.8wt%, the particle size is 84 ⁇ m ; the Al2O3 content in the alumina powder is 99.9wt%, the particle size is 83 ⁇ m; the SiO2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98.9wt%, the particle size is 82 ⁇ m ; The Al 2 O 3 content in the material of the corundum crucible is 99.8 wt %, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 4.0 g/cm 3 ; the material of the piston lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
- the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 3. It can be observed from Figure 3 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 5.03mm.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at a high temperature. The method is characterized in: uniformly mixing calcium oxide powder, aluminum oxide powder, and silicon oxide powder to obtain a mixed powder; and then placing the mixed powder into a non-cylindrical corundum crucible that has a piston-type cover, placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace, raising the temperature to 1600-1750°C and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-3 hours. During the temperature maintaining process, chemical energy of a reaction between melt obtained after the mixed powder is molten and the aluminum oxide in the crucible is converted into kinetic energy of the melt, so that the melt upwells along an included angle between inner walls of the crucible to form a peak shape, and the kinetic energy of the melt upwell can drive the piston-type cover to form a mechanical motion, thereby converting the chemical energy into mechanical energy at the high temperature. According to the present invention, chemical energy can be directly converted into mechanical energy at a high temperature, so that a foundation can be laid for the efficient conversion and utilization of chemical energy at a high temperature.
Description
相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本申请要求享有于2020年12月7日提交的名称为“一种高温下化学能转化为机械能的方法”的中国专利申请CN 202011418213.8的优先权，上述申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application CN 202011418213.8 entitled "A method for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature", filed on December 7, 2020, the entire contents of the above application are incorporated herein by reference.
本发明属于能源开发利用的技术领域。具体涉及一种高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of energy development and utilization. Specifically, it relates to a method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
化学能是指储存在物质当中的能量，化学能广泛存在于自然界中，随着物质化学变化过程的进行，化学能会转化为热能或其他形式的能量，如石油和煤的燃烧，炸药爆炸以及食物在生物体内发生化学变化时候所放出的能量。根据能量守恒定律，参加反应的化合物中各原子重新排列而产生新的化合物时，将导致化学能发生变化，进而产生能量转化效应。物质在化学过程中发生的能量转化是人类生存和发展的动力之源，如利用化学能转化为热能的原理来获取所需的热量保障生活、生产和科研；利用热能促使化学反应进行，从而研究物质的组成、性质或制备所需的物质，如高温冶炼金属、分解化合物等。Chemical energy refers to the energy stored in substances. Chemical energy is widely present in nature. With the progress of chemical changes in substances, chemical energy will be converted into heat energy or other forms of energy, such as the combustion of oil and coal, the explosion of explosives and other forms of energy. The energy released when food undergoes chemical changes in the body. According to the law of conservation of energy, when the atoms in the compounds participating in the reaction are rearranged to produce new compounds, the chemical energy will change, and then the energy conversion effect will occur. The energy conversion of substances in the chemical process is the source of power for human survival and development. For example, the principle of converting chemical energy into heat energy is used to obtain the required heat to ensure life, production and scientific research; the use of heat energy to promote chemical reactions, so as to study The composition, properties or substances required for preparation of substances, such as high-temperature smelting of metals, decomposition of compounds, etc.
化学能通常难以直接向机械能转化，化学能向机械能的转化过程通常需要通过额外的内能转换，如蒸汽机中的能量转化，是利用煤的燃烧放出化学能从而对水进行加热，产生具有高内能的高温水蒸气，再推动蒸汽机工作，实现化学能向机械能的最终转化。此外，人类生产生活过程中常见的爆炸、汽油机、柴油机等的运作，也是化学能-内能-机械能三段式转化过程。It is usually difficult to convert chemical energy directly into mechanical energy, and the conversion process of chemical energy to mechanical energy usually requires additional internal energy conversion, such as energy conversion in a steam engine, which uses the combustion of coal to release chemical energy to heat water and produce high internal energy. The high-temperature steam of energy can then drive the steam engine to work to realize the final conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy. In addition, the operation of explosions, gasoline engines, diesel engines, etc., which are common in human production and life, is also a three-stage conversion process of chemical energy-internal energy-mechanical energy.
然而，根据热力学第二定律，物质无法从单一热源吸取热量使其全部转化为有用功，而不产生其他影响，所以化学能经过内能向机械能的转化过程存在相当的能量损失，能量转化效率较低。However, according to the second law of thermodynamics, a substance cannot absorb heat from a single heat source and convert it into useful work without any other effects. Therefore, there is considerable energy loss in the process of converting chemical energy to mechanical energy through internal energy, and the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high. Low.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
本发明采用的技术方案具体为：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is specifically:
将氧化钙粉体、氧化铝粉体和氧化硅粉体混合均匀，得到混合粉体；然后将所述混合粉体装入带有活塞式盖子的非圆筒状刚玉坩埚，再将所述坩埚置于高温炉内，升温至1600～1750℃，保温0.5～3小时；在保温过程中，所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体和所述坩埚中的氧化铝反应的化学能会转化为熔体的动能，并使其沿坩埚内壁夹角处上涌形成山峰状，熔体上涌的动能可以驱动活塞式盖子形成机械运动，实现高温下化学能转化为机械能。Mixing calcium oxide powder, aluminum oxide powder and silicon oxide powder uniformly to obtain mixed powder; Put it in a high-temperature furnace, heat it up to 1600-1750°C, and keep it for 0.5-3 hours; during the heat preservation process, the chemical energy of the reaction between the melted melt of the mixed powder and the alumina in the crucible will be converted into molten metal. The kinetic energy of the melt can be swelled up along the included angle of the inner wall of the crucible to form a peak shape. The kinetic energy of the upwelling melt can drive the piston cover to form a mechanical movement, and realize the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
进一步地，所述混合粉体中所述氧化钙粉体所占质量分数为40～65wt％，所述氧化铝粉末所占质量分数为30～35wt％，所述氧化硅粉体所占质量分数为5～20wt％。Further, the mass fraction of the calcium oxide powder in the mixed powder is 40-65 wt %, the mass fraction of the alumina powder is 30-35 wt %, and the mass fraction of the silicon oxide powder is 30-35 wt %. It is 5-20 wt%.
进一步地，所述高温炉内为空气气氛和常压条件。Further, the high temperature furnace is in an air atmosphere and normal pressure conditions.
进一步地，所述高温炉的升温速率为1～30℃/分钟。Further, the heating rate of the high temperature furnace is 1-30°C/min.
进一步地，所述氧化钙粉体中CaO含量≥98wt％，粒径≤88μm。Further, the CaO content in the calcium oxide powder is greater than or equal to 98 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 μm.
进一步地，所述氧化铝粉体中Al
2O
3含量≥99wt％，粒径≤88μm。
Further, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is greater than or equal to 99 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 μm.
进一步地，所述氧化硅粉体中SiO
2含量≥98wt％，粒径≤88μm。
Further, the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is greater than or equal to 98 wt %, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 μm.
进一步地，所述刚玉坩埚的截面可以为三角形、正方形、矩形等；所述刚玉坩埚的材质中Al
2O
3含量≥99wt％，所述刚玉坩埚的体积密度≥3.8g/cm
3。
Further, the cross section of the corundum crucible can be triangular, square, rectangular, etc.; the content of Al 2 O 3 in the material of the corundum crucible is ≥99wt%, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is ≥3.8g/cm 3 .
进一步地，所述刚玉坩埚的内壁长度与内壁宽度的比为1:(0.3～0.5)，所述刚玉坩埚的内壁高度与所述混合粉体的层高的比为1∶(0.3～0.8)。Further, the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:(0.3～0.5), and the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:(0.3～0.8) .
进一步地，所述活塞式盖子为耐高温惰性材质，不与所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体及所述刚玉坩埚发生反应。Further, the piston cover is a high temperature resistant inert material, which does not react with the melt after the mixed powder is melted and the corundum crucible.
合适配比的氧化钙、氧化硅、氧化铝三种氧化物的混合粉体在升温过程中形成一定高温结构的熔体，随着温度的升高至1600～1750℃，所述熔体发生较大变化，产生大量的自由基；同时，在保温过程中该熔体与刚玉坩埚内壁和空气在三相界面处会产生反应，且坩埚中的氧化铝溶解进入熔体，使熔体中大 量自由基泯灭，从而释放化学能使熔体沿坩埚内壁夹角处形成上涌山峰，利用熔体上涌的动能驱动活塞形成机械运动，实现从化学能先机械能的直接转变。The mixed powder of calcium oxide, silicon oxide, and aluminum oxide with suitable proportions forms a melt with a certain high-temperature structure during the heating process. At the same time, during the heat preservation process, the melt will react with the inner wall of the corundum crucible and the air at the three-phase interface, and the alumina in the crucible will dissolve into the melt, making a large amount of free radicals in the melt. The base is annihilated, thereby releasing the chemical energy of the melt to form upwelling peaks along the angle of the inner wall of the crucible. The kinetic energy of the upwelling of the melt is used to drive the piston to form a mechanical movement, and the direct conversion from chemical energy to mechanical energy is realized.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明可实现高温下化学能直接转化为机械能，为高温下化学能的高效转化利用奠定基础；本发明还可以通过改变混合粉体的组分、调节刚玉坩埚的内壁长度和宽度的比例以及保温时间来调控上涌山峰的高度，从而调节驱动活塞形成机械运动的幅度。The invention can realize the direct conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature, laying a foundation for the efficient conversion and utilization of chemical energy at high temperature; the invention can also change the components of the mixed powder, adjust the ratio of the length and width of the inner wall of the corundum crucible, and keep the heat preservation. Time to adjust the height of the upwelling peak, thereby adjusting the amplitude of the mechanical movement of the driving piston.
图1是本发明实施例1中经过高温保温后的刚玉坩埚内熔体剖面图。1 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 1 of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例2中经过高温保温后的刚玉坩埚内熔体剖面图。2 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 2 of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施例3中经过高温保温后的刚玉坩埚内熔体剖面图。3 is a cross-sectional view of the melt in the corundum crucible after high temperature heat preservation in Example 3 of the present invention.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
实施例1Example 1
将40wt％的氧化钙粉体、35wt％的氧化铝粉体和25wt％的氧化硅粉体混合均匀，得到混合粉体；然后将所述混合粉体装入带有活塞式盖子的矩形刚玉坩埚，再将所述坩埚置于高温炉内，然后在空气气氛和常压条件下，以5℃/分钟的速率升温至1600℃，保温0.5小时；在保温过程中，所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体与坩埚中的氧化铝反应产生的化学能转化为熔体的动能，使其沿坩埚内壁夹角处上涌形成山峰状，熔体上涌的动能可以驱动活塞式盖子形成机械运动，实现高温下化学能转化为机械能。Mix 40wt% calcium oxide powder, 35wt% alumina powder and 25wt% silicon oxide powder to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a rectangular corundum crucible with a piston lid , and then place the crucible in a high-temperature furnace, and then under the condition of air atmosphere and normal pressure, the temperature is raised to 1600°C at a rate of 5°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 0.5 hours; during the heat preservation process, the mixed powder melts The chemical energy generated by the reaction between the molten melt and the alumina in the crucible is converted into the kinetic energy of the melt, causing it to surge up along the angle of the inner wall of the crucible to form a mountain peak. Convert chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
在本实施例中，所述刚玉坩埚的内壁高度与所述混合粉体的层高的比为1∶0.3；所述刚玉坩埚的内壁长度与内壁宽度的比为1∶0.3；所述氧化钙粉体中CaO含量为98wt％，粒径为88μm；所述氧化铝粉体中Al
2O
3含量为99wt％，粒径为88μm；所述氧化硅粉体中SiO
2含量为98wt％，粒径为88μ m；所述刚玉坩埚材质中Al
2O
3含量为99wt％，所述刚玉坩埚的体积密度为3.8g/cm
3；所述刚玉坩埚的活塞式盖子材质为铂金。
In this embodiment, the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.3; the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:0.3; the calcium oxide The CaO content in the powder is 98 wt%, and the particle size is 88 μm; the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is 99 wt %, and the particle size is 88 μm; the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98 wt %, and the particle size is 98 μm. The diameter of the corundum crucible is 88 μm; the Al 2 O 3 content in the corundum crucible material is 99 wt %, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 3.8 g/cm 3 ; the material of the piston-type lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
在本实施例中，化学能转化为机械能后的刚玉坩埚的截面图如附图1所示，从图1可以观察到：熔体沿刚玉坩埚夹角处的内壁上涌形成山峰状，经过测量，上涌峰顶部与底部之间的高度差为3.87mm。In this embodiment, the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 1. It can be observed from Figure 1 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 3.87mm.
实施例2Example 2
将55wt％的氧化钙粉体、30wt％的氧化铝粉体和15wt％的氧化硅粉体混合均匀，得到混合粉体；然后将所述混合粉体装入带有活塞式盖子的正方形刚玉坩埚，再将所述坩埚置于高温炉内，然后在空气气氛和常压条件下，以10℃/分钟的速率升温至1650℃，保温1小时；在保温过程中，所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体与坩埚中的氧化铝反应的化学能转化为熔体的动能，使其沿坩埚内壁夹角处上涌形成山峰状，熔体上涌的动能可以驱动活塞式盖子形成机械运动，实现高温下化学能转化为机械能。Mix 55wt% calcium oxide powder, 30wt% alumina powder and 15wt% silicon oxide powder to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a square corundum crucible with a piston lid , then place the crucible in a high-temperature furnace, and then under the condition of air atmosphere and normal pressure, the temperature is raised to 1650°C at a rate of 10°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour; during the heat preservation process, the mixed powder melts The chemical energy of the molten melt reacting with the alumina in the crucible is converted into the kinetic energy of the melt, causing it to surge up along the inner corner of the crucible to form a mountain peak. Chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy at high temperature.
在本实施例中，所述刚玉坩埚的内壁高度与所述混合粉体的层高的比为1∶0.4；所述刚玉坩埚的内壁长度与内壁宽度的比为1∶0.5；所述氧化钙粉体中CaO含量为99wt％，粒径为85μm；所述氧化铝粉体中Al
2O
3含量为99.5wt％，粒径为86μm；所述氧化硅粉体中SiO
2含量为98.5wt％，粒径为87μm；所述刚玉坩埚材质中Al
2O
3含量为99.5wt％，所述刚玉坩埚的体积密度为3.9g/cm
3；所述刚玉坩埚的活塞式盖子材质为铂金。
In this embodiment, the ratio of the inner wall height of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.4; the ratio of the inner wall length to the inner wall width of the corundum crucible is 1:0.5; the calcium oxide The CaO content in the powder is 99 wt%, and the particle size is 85 μm; the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is 99.5 wt %, and the particle size is 86 μm; the SiO 2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98.5 wt % , the particle size is 87 μm; the content of Al 2 O 3 in the corundum crucible material is 99.5wt%, the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 3.9g/cm 3 ; the material of the piston lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
在本实施例中，化学能转化为机械能后的刚玉坩埚的截面图如附图2所示，从图2可以观察到：熔体沿刚玉坩埚夹角处的内壁上涌形成山峰状，经过测量，上涌峰顶部与底部之间的高度差为4.61mm。In this embodiment, the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 2. It can be observed from Figure 2 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 4.61mm.
实施例3Example 3
将50wt％的氧化钙粉体、35wt％的氧化铝粉体和15wt％的氧化硅粉体混合均匀，得到混合粉体；然后将所述混合粉体装入带有活塞式盖子的三角形刚玉坩埚，再将所述坩埚置于高温炉内，然后在空气气氛和常压条件下，以15℃/分钟的速率升温至1750℃，保温2小时；在保温过程中，所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体与坩埚中的氧化铝反应的化学能转化为熔体的动能，使其沿坩埚内壁 夹角处上涌形成山峰状，熔体上涌的动能可以驱动活塞式盖子形成机械运动，实现高温下化学能转化为机械能。Mix 50wt% calcium oxide powder, 35wt% alumina powder and 15wt% silicon oxide powder to obtain a mixed powder; then put the mixed powder into a triangular corundum crucible with a piston lid , then place the crucible in a high-temperature furnace, and then under the condition of air atmosphere and normal pressure, the temperature is raised to 1750°C at a rate of 15°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours; during the heat preservation process, the mixed powder melts The chemical energy of the molten melt reacting with the alumina in the crucible is converted into the kinetic energy of the melt, causing it to surge up along the inner corner of the crucible to form a mountain peak. Chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy at high temperature.
所述刚玉坩埚的内壁高度与所述混合粉体的层高的比为1∶0.8；所述刚玉坩埚的内壁长度与内壁宽度的比为1∶0.4；所述氧化钙粉体中CaO含量为98.8wt％，粒径为84μm；所述氧化铝粉体中Al
2O
3含量为99.9wt％，粒径为83μm；所述氧化硅粉体中SiO
2含量为98.9wt％，粒径为82μm；所述刚玉坩埚材质中Al
2O
3含量为99.8wt％，所述刚玉坩埚的体积密度为4.0g/cm
3；所述刚玉坩埚的活塞式盖子材质为铂金。
The ratio of the height of the inner wall of the corundum crucible to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:0.8; the ratio of the length of the inner wall to the width of the inner wall of the corundum crucible is 1:0.4; the CaO content in the calcium oxide powder is 98.8wt%, the particle size is 84μm ; the Al2O3 content in the alumina powder is 99.9wt%, the particle size is 83μm; the SiO2 content in the silicon oxide powder is 98.9wt%, the particle size is 82μm ; The Al 2 O 3 content in the material of the corundum crucible is 99.8 wt %, and the bulk density of the corundum crucible is 4.0 g/cm 3 ; the material of the piston lid of the corundum crucible is platinum.
在本实施例中，化学能转化为机械能后的刚玉坩埚的截面图如附图3所示，从图3可以观察到：熔体沿刚玉坩埚夹角处的内壁上涌形成山峰状，经过测量，上涌峰顶部与底部之间的高度差为5.03mm。In this embodiment, the cross-sectional view of the corundum crucible after chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy is shown in Figure 3. It can be observed from Figure 3 that the melt surges up along the inner wall at the corner of the corundum crucible to form a mountain peak. , the height difference between the top and bottom of the upwelling peak is 5.03mm.
以上实施例证明：本发明能实现高温下化学能直接转化为机械能，为高温下化学能的高效转化利用奠定基础。The above examples prove that the present invention can realize the direct conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature, which lays a foundation for the efficient conversion and utilization of chemical energy at high temperature.
应该指出，上述详细说明都是示例性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语均具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员的通常理解所相同的含义。It should be noted that the above detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation for the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请所述的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式。此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments described in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units expressly listed, but may include steps or units not expressly listed or for such process, method, product or Other steps or units inherent to the device.
在上面详细的说明中，参考了附图，附图形成本文的一部分。在附图中，类似的符号典型地确定类似的部件，除非上下文以其他方式指明。在详细的说明书、附图及权利要求书中所描述的图示说明的实施方案不意味是限制性的。 在不脱离本文所呈现的主题的精神或范围下，其他实施方案可以被使用，并且可以作其他改变。In the above detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrated embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：A method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature, characterized in that:将氧化钙粉体、氧化铝粉体和氧化硅粉体混合均匀，得到混合粉体；Mixing calcium oxide powder, aluminum oxide powder and silicon oxide powder uniformly to obtain mixed powder;然后将所述混合粉体装入带有活塞式盖子的非圆筒状刚玉坩埚，再将所述坩埚置于高温炉内，升温至1600～1750℃，保温0.5～3小时；Then, the mixed powder is put into a non-cylindrical corundum crucible with a piston lid, and then the crucible is placed in a high-temperature furnace, and the temperature is raised to 1600-1750° C., and the temperature is kept for 0.5-3 hours;在保温过程中，所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体和所述坩埚中的氧化铝反应的化学能会转化为熔体的动能，并使其沿坩埚内壁夹角处上涌形成山峰状，熔体上涌的动能驱动活塞式盖子形成机械运动，实现高温下化学能转化为机械能。During the heat preservation process, the chemical energy of the reaction between the molten mixed powder and the alumina in the crucible will be converted into the kinetic energy of the melt, and it will rise up along the angle of the inner wall of the crucible to form a mountain peak. The kinetic energy of the upwelling melt drives the piston cover to form a mechanical movement, which realizes the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述混合粉体中所述氧化钙粉体所占质量分数为40～65wt％，所述氧化铝粉末所占质量分数为30～35wt％，所述氧化硅粉体所占质量分数为5～20wt％。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the calcium oxide powder in the mixed powder is 40-65 wt%, and the alumina powder is 40-65 wt%. The mass fraction of the silicon oxide powder is 30-35 wt %, and the mass fraction of the silicon oxide powder is 5-20 wt %.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述高温炉内为空气气氛和常压条件。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature furnace is in an air atmosphere and normal pressure conditions.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述高温炉的升温速率为1～30℃/分钟。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the heating rate of the high temperature furnace is 1-30°C/min.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述氧化钙粉体中CaO含量≥98wt％，粒径≤88μm。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the CaO content in the calcium oxide powder is ≥98 wt%, and the particle size is ≤88 μm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述氧化铝粉体中Al 2O 3含量≥99wt％，粒径≤88μm。 The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the Al 2 O 3 content in the alumina powder is greater than or equal to 99 wt%, and the particle size is less than or equal to 88 μm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述氧化硅粉体中SiO 2含量≥98wt％，粒径≤88μm。 The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the SiO2 content in the silicon oxide powder is ≥98 wt%, and the particle size is ≤88 μm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述刚玉坩埚的截面可以为三角形、正方形、矩形等；所述刚玉坩埚的材质中Al 2O 3含量≥99wt％，所述刚玉坩埚的体积密度≥3.8g/cm 3。 The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the corundum crucible can be triangular, square, rectangular, etc.; the content of Al 2 O 3 in the material of the corundum crucible is ≥ 99wt%, the bulk density of the corundum crucible is ≥3.8g/cm 3 .
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述刚玉坩埚的内壁长度与内壁宽度的比为1:(0.3～0.5)，所述刚玉坩埚的内壁高度与所述混合粉体的层高的比为1∶(0.3～0.8)。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the length of the inner wall to the width of the inner wall of the corundum crucible is 1:(0.3～0.5), and the height of the inner wall of the corundum crucible is 1:(0.3～0.5). The ratio to the layer height of the mixed powder is 1:(0.3-0.8).
- 根据权利要求1所述的高温下化学能直接转化为机械能的方法，其特征在于：所述活塞式盖子为耐高温惰性材质，不与所述混合粉体熔融后的熔体及所述刚玉坩埚发生反应。The method for directly converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the piston cover is made of a high temperature resistant inert material, and the melt and the corundum crucible are not melted with the mixed powder. react.
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| CN102851416A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-02 | 四川环能德美科技股份有限公司 | Heat recovery method for blast furnace slag |
| CN209226823U (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-08-09 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of device of continuous melting glass powder |
| CN112555111A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy at high temperature |
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