WO2022118872A1 - 負荷調整方法、負荷調整装置、及びプログラム - Google Patents
負荷調整方法、負荷調整装置、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 82
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
- F02C9/28—Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/331—Mechanical loads
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to load adjusting methods, load adjusting devices, and programs.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-201642 filed with the Japan Patent Office on December 4, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Thermal power generation systems equipped with gas turbines are required to improve the load change rate in order to improve the ability to follow fluctuations in the amount of renewable energy generated.
- a power generation company supplies adjustment power in an electric power trading market in which a power generation company and a power transmission and distribution business operator trade adjustment power
- a high load change rate is required.
- a gas turbine is to be controlled at a high load change rate (particularly, a high load factor)
- the tip clearance becomes narrow and the rotary system member comes into contact with the stationary portion, which may cause turbine damage.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for setting an increase load factor of a gas turbine based on the metal temperature of the steam turbine. This technique takes into account the limitation of the operating condition of the steam turbine of the combined cycle power generation system.
- Patent Document 1 does not consider the limitation (risk of turbine damage) in the operating state of the gas turbine. In this case, since the upper limit of the load increase rate in consideration of the limitation in the operating state of the gas turbine is not used, the load adjustment cannot be performed with the load change rate as high as possible.
- the load adjustment method is Steps to obtain warm-up parameters that indicate the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine during load operation, and The step of determining the upper limit of the load factor according to the warm-up parameter, and A step of increasing the load of the gas turbine below the upper limit of the increase load factor, including.
- the load adjusting device is An acquisition unit that acquires warm-up parameters that indicate the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine during load operation, and A determination unit that determines the upper limit of the load factor according to the warm-up parameter, and A load control unit that increases the load of the gas turbine below the upper limit of the increase load factor, To prepare for.
- the program related to this disclosure is Procedure for obtaining warm-up parameters, which indicate the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine during load operation, Procedure for determining the upper limit of the load factor according to the warm-up parameter, A procedure for increasing the load of the gas turbine below the upper limit of the increase load factor, To execute.
- a load adjustment method or the like capable of performing load adjustment at a high load change rate (for example, an increase load factor) while suppressing the risk of turbine damage.
- expressions such as “same”, “equal”, and “homogeneous” that indicate that things are in the same state not only represent exactly the same state, but also have tolerances or differences to the extent that the same function can be obtained. It shall also represent the existing state.
- an expression representing a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape not only represents a shape such as a square shape or a cylindrical shape in a geometrically strict sense, but also an uneven portion or a chamfering within a range where the same effect can be obtained. It shall also represent the shape including the part and the like.
- the expressions “to have”, “to have”, “to include”, or "to have” one component are not exclusive expressions that exclude the existence of other components.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a functional configuration of a thermal power generation system 1 including a load adjusting device 100 according to an embodiment.
- the thermal power generation system 1 is a thermal power generation system including a gas turbine 200.
- the thermal power generation system 1 may be a gas turbine combined cycle power generation system (GTCC) including a gas turbine 200.
- GTCC gas turbine combined cycle power generation system
- the thermal power generation system 1 includes a gas turbine 200 for generating power and a load adjusting device 100 for adjusting the load of the gas turbine 200.
- the gas turbine 200 includes a control device 210 for controlling the operation of each part of the gas turbine 200, and a plurality of sensors 220 for detecting various state quantities (for example, temperature, pressure, etc.) of the gas turbine 200.
- the plurality of sensors 220 may include a sensor for measuring a state quantity related to a warm-up parameter described later.
- the load adjusting device 100 is configured to be communicable with the gas turbine 200.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a hardware configuration of the load adjusting device 100 according to the embodiment.
- the load adjusting device 100 includes, for example, a processor 72 such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory) 74, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 76. And an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 78, an input I / F80, and an output I / F82, which are configured using a computer connected to each other via a bus 84.
- the processor 72 of the load adjusting device 100 realizes various functions described later by executing a program stored in a memory such as a ROM 76 or a RAM 74.
- the load adjusting device 100 outputs an operation command to the parameter acquisition unit 110 for acquiring warm-up parameters, the upper limit determining unit 120 for determining the upper limit of the load increase rate in the control of the gas turbine 200, and the gas turbine 200.
- the operation command unit 130 configured to output the operation command unit 130, the pattern output unit 140 configured to output one or more candidates for the operation pattern of the gas turbine 200, and the bid for acquiring the bid-related information of the electric power trading market. It includes a related information acquisition unit 150, a reception unit 160 for receiving user input, a storage unit 170 for storing various information, and a bid processing unit 180 for executing bid processing for the electric power trading market. ..
- the parameter acquisition unit 110 acquires warm-up parameters from the sensor 220 or the control device 210 provided in the gas turbine 200.
- the warm-up parameter is a parameter indicating the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine 200 during load operation, and is a state quantity related to the clearance (chip clearance) of the gas turbine 200.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the clearance CL of the gas turbine 200.
- This figure shows a cross section along the rotation axis around the turbine blade of the gas turbine 200, and the vertical direction in the figure corresponds to the radial direction of the gas turbine 200, and the left-right direction in the figure corresponds to the axial direction of the gas turbine 200. ..
- the clearance CL is a gap between the stationary system member and the rotary system member of the gas turbine 200.
- the gas turbine 200 includes a casing 11, and a blade ring 12, a split ring 13, and a heat shield ring 14 as rest system members are provided inside the casing 11 in the radial direction. Further, a disk 15 and a moving blade 16 as a rotation system member are provided on the inner side in the radial direction.
- the variable factors of the clearance CL are mainly the amount of heat elongation of the blade ring 12 which is a stationary system member and the amount of heat elongation of the disk 15 and the moving blade 16 which are rotary system members. Since the amount of thermal elongation is determined by the radial dimension, the coefficient of linear expansion, and the temperature, the clearance CL can be estimated by monitoring the temperature.
- the warm-up parameter used for considering the clearance CL may be any one or more measured values such as the disk cavity temperature, the static metal temperature, the temperature difference between the vehicle interior and the rotor, and the axial elongation difference. ..
- the disk cavity temperature is, for example, the temperature of the disk 15 shown in FIG.
- the stationary metal temperature is, for example, the temperature of the casing 11 (vehicle compartment metal temperature) and the blade ring 12 shown in FIG.
- the temperature difference between the vehicle interior and the rotor is, for example, the difference between the temperature of the casing 11 and the temperature of the disk 15 shown in FIG.
- the shaft elongation difference is measured by, for example, a shaft elongation difference meter (not shown) configured to detect the elongation difference on the exhaust side at the position of the thrust bearing provided on the compressor side (not shown) of the gas turbine 200. The value.
- the temperature of the disk 15, the rotor blade 16, the blade ring 12, and the like may be indirectly obtained from measured values such as the temperature and pressure of the combustion gas and cooling air. These measured values may be used as warm-up parameters. In this way, the warm-up parameter is not limited to temperature, but is interpreted in a broad sense.
- the clearance CL can be considered as a function of the load when a predetermined condition is satisfied.
- the steady-state temperature of each part of the gas turbine 200 largely depends on the magnitude of the load.
- the temperature of the rotor blade 16 and the blade ring 12 tends to be proportional to the magnitude of the load.
- the temperature of the disk 15 is proportional to the magnitude of the load up to a certain load, and tends to saturate when the load exceeds a certain level. Therefore, the clearance CL can be estimated by estimating the temperature from the load. Therefore, the warm-up parameter may be the latest past load history.
- the parameter acquisition unit 110 may be configured to acquire the magnitude of the latest past load in the load history as a warm-up parameter. .. By analyzing the time constant of the temperature change corresponding to the load change in advance, it is possible to acquire the warm-up parameter that accurately reflects the temperature state from the load history.
- the upper limit determination unit 120 determines the upper limit of the load factor in the control of the gas turbine 200 according to the warm-up parameter. In some embodiments, when the adjusting force is supplied, the upper limit determination unit 120 determines the upper limit of the increase load factor to a value larger than the increase load factor at the time of loading from the stop of the gas turbine 200.
- the upper limit determination unit 120 may determine the upper limit of the increase load factor according to the warm-up parameter acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 110 by using a function showing the relationship between the warm-up parameter and the upper limit of the increase load factor.
- a function showing the relationship between the warm-up parameter and the upper limit of the increase load factor is stored in, for example, the storage unit 170.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a function used by the load adjusting device 100 according to the embodiment.
- the warm-up parameter shown on the horizontal axis is the disk cavity temperature or the passenger compartment temperature of the gas turbine 200
- the upper limit of the load increase rate shown on the vertical axis is the maximum allowable increase per minute. It is the load increase rate obtained by dividing the load speed by the rated load.
- the upper limit determination unit 120 determines the upper limit of the load factor increase to X (% / min).
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is constant in the region where the warm-up parameter is low, whereas the function used by the load adjustment device 100 is in the region where the warm-up parameter is high temperature. It may be a function in which the upper limit of the load factor increases as the warm-up parameter increases. The function is not limited to the example shown in FIG.
- the operation command unit 130 outputs an operation command for increasing the load of the gas turbine below the upper limit of the increase load factor determined by the upper limit determination unit 120.
- the gas turbine 200 operates at a partial load to power the wholesale power trading market or a power storage device (not shown).
- the operation command unit 130 may output an operation command to the gas turbine 200 so as to increase the partial load to a load corresponding to the adjusting force supplied to the electric power trading market.
- the pattern output unit 140 outputs one or more candidates for an operation pattern for improving the load factor of the gas turbine 200.
- One or more candidates for the operation pattern may include a candidate for an operation pattern for performing warm-up operation and a candidate for an operation pattern using active clearance control (ACC).
- ACC is a technique that changes the heat distribution of the gas turbine 200 by heating stationary parts and makes it possible to secure a clearance.
- one or more candidates for the operation pattern may further include candidates for an operation pattern that performs both warm-up operation and ACC, and the upper limit is the limit of the load factor increase from the current warm-up state. It may include candidates for driving patterns.
- FIG. 5A is a graph for explaining an example of temporal changes in the rotation speed ratio and the load ratio of the gas turbine 200 when the load adjusting device (not shown) according to the comparative example is applied.
- FIG. 5B is a graph for explaining an example of a temporal change in the clearance of the gas turbine 200 when the load adjusting device (not shown) according to the comparative example is applied.
- FIG. 6A is a graph for explaining an example of temporal changes in the rotation speed ratio and the load ratio of the gas turbine 200 when the load adjusting device 100 according to the embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 6B is a graph for explaining an example of a temporal change in the clearance of the gas turbine 200 when the load adjusting device 100 according to the embodiment is applied.
- the vertical axis indicates the rotation speed ratio (without unit) or the load ratio (without unit).
- the rotation speed ratio is the ratio of the rotation speed to the rated rotation speed.
- the load ratio is the ratio of the load to the rated load.
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (min) since the gas turbine 200 was started.
- the vertical axis shows the clearance (mm) between the stationary member and the rotary member
- the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (min) since the gas turbine 200 was started.
- the graphs shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B show the average value of the temporal change in clearance in the cross section of the gas turbine 200. Clearance must not reach zero in all directions to avoid turbine damage.
- the gas turbine 200 is not warmed up. Therefore, after the rotation speed ratio shown by the solid line reaches the rated rotation speed, the load ratio shown by the broken line suddenly rises to the rated load at a constant load factor.
- the clearance corresponding to FIG. 5A is the minimum when the rated load is reached, and the clearance is close to zero, so that turbine damage may occur. In order to suppress such risks, the load factor must be lowered.
- the gas turbine 200 is warmed up as shown in FIG. 6B. Therefore, after the rotation speed ratio shown by the solid line reaches the rated rotation speed, the load ratio shown by the broken line rises halfway at a constant load factor, and then is maintained at a partial load until a predetermined time elapses. .. Further, the load ratio rises again after the warm-up operation and reaches the rated load.
- the clearance corresponding to FIG. 6A is small when the rated load is reached, but there is sufficient margin for zero, so the risk of turbine damage is small. This is because the clearance is restored during the warm-up operation time. Therefore, when the warm-up operation is performed, it is possible to increase the load factor after the warm-up operation as compared with the comparative example in which the warm-up operation is not performed.
- the load adjusting device 100 it is possible to utilize such an advantage and provide a product having a short response time in supplying the adjusting force. Further, the electric power generated in the warm-up operation can be effectively utilized by supplying the electric power to the power storage device or the wholesale trading market.
- the operation command unit 130 selects an operation pattern candidate to be executed from one or more candidates of the operation pattern output by the pattern output unit 140, and outputs an operation command based on the selected operation pattern. ..
- the operation pattern candidate to be executed by the user may be selected from one or more candidates of the operation pattern output by the pattern output unit 140, and the reception unit 160 may accept the selection input. In this case, the operation command unit 130 outputs an operation command based on the operation pattern selected by the user.
- the bid-related information acquisition unit 150 communicates with other devices via a network, for example, and acquires bid-related information in the electric power trading market.
- the bid-related information is, for example, information related to electric power demand (for example, information such as a time zone in which demand can occur, information on the magnitude of electric power demand, etc.), electric power price forecast information, and the like.
- the bid processing unit 180 refers to the bid-related information acquired by the bid-related information acquisition unit 150 and executes the bid processing.
- the bidding process may include the output of product candidates and the determination of bid contents.
- the bid content includes, for example, a bid start time, a target product, a power generation amount, a bid price, and the like.
- the bid content is determined by using, for example, the information stored in the database, the simulation result, the distribution information, and the like.
- the products to be bid are classified according to the requirements such as the response time to the output command (for example, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 45 minutes) and the minimum bid amount (for example, 5 MW).
- the response time to the output command for example, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 45 minutes
- the minimum bid amount for example, 5 MW.
- the bid processing unit 180 is based on the performance of the gas turbine 200 pre-stored in the storage unit 170 and the operating state including the warm-up parameters acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 110 in the power trading market. Outputs one or more product candidates that can be bid on. One or more product candidates that can be bid on are updated every gate close (for example, every hour) such as in the wholesale electricity market.
- the bid processing unit 180 predicts the behavior of the clearance between the stationary part of the gas turbine 200 and the rotary system member at the time of load increase based on the warm-up parameter acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 110. It may be configured as follows. In this case, the bid processing unit 180 determines the upper limit of the load factor increase of the gas turbine 200 so that the clearance does not become zero based on the prediction result of the clearance behavior, and based on the determined upper limit of the load factor. It may be configured to output the above product candidates.
- the bid processing unit 180 is configured to obtain the winning bid probability of a product candidate and the profit / loss at the time of a successful bid when bidding on the electric power trading market, and the electric power is obtained based on the obtained successful bid probability and the profit / loss.
- the winning bid probability is calculated based on the acquisition of, for example, the power demand in the power trading market, the forecast information of the power price, the past successful bid record of the gas turbine, and the like.
- the profit / loss at the time of a successful bid is calculated based on, for example, the winning bid (bid price), fuel consumption, equipment maintenance (for example, life consumption), and the like.
- the bid processing unit 180 may be configured to store information on the operation record of the gas turbine 200 based on the bid content and the successful bid record of the bid content in the storage unit 170.
- the information stored in the storage unit 170 can be used for subsequent determination of bid contents.
- the successful bid record can be used as the basic information of the probability distribution of the successful bid probability
- the information related to the operation record can be used as the basic information of the life consumption in the profit / loss calculation.
- the parameter acquisition unit 110 acquires the warm-up parameter, and the operation command unit 130 gas.
- An operation command for increasing the load is output to the turbine 200.
- the operation command unit 130 outputs an operation command for increasing the load according to the adjusting power of the product candidate that has been awarded as a result of bidding by the bid processing unit 180.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the processing executed by the load adjusting device 100 according to the embodiment.
- Some of the processes described here may be executed manually by the user.
- the warm-up operation may be performed before bidding, and the upper limit of the load factor may be determined based on the warm-up parameter in the warm-up state.
- the warm-up state in the demand time zone may be predicted based on the past actual data, and the upper limit of the load factor may be determined based on the prediction result.
- the bid-related information acquisition unit 150 of the load adjusting device 100 acquires bid-related information from other devices via the network (step S1).
- the pattern output unit of the load adjusting device 100 outputs one or more candidates for the operation pattern (step S2).
- the user or the bid processing unit 180 of the load adjusting device 100 selects an operation pattern from one or more candidates for the operation pattern (step S3).
- the bid processing unit 180 of the load adjusting device 100 determines the bid content (step S4). Further, the bid processing unit 180 of the load adjusting device 100 executes the bidding process (step S5), and the load adjusting device 100 acquires the successful bid result (step S6).
- the load adjusting device 100 determines whether or not the bid product has been sold (step S7). When it is determined that the bid product has not been awarded (step S7; No), the load adjusting device 100 skips steps S8 to S11 and stores the actual information indicating that the bid could not be made in the storage unit 170. (Step S12). On the other hand, when it is determined that the bid product has been awarded (step S7; Yes), the load adjusting device 100 determines whether or not the operation pattern corresponding to the product is the operation pattern for warming up. (Step S8).
- step S8 When it is determined that the operation pattern is to perform warm-up operation (step S8; Yes), the parameter acquisition unit 110 of the load adjusting device 100 acquires warm-up parameters (step S9). Further, the upper limit determination unit 120 of the load adjusting device 100 determines the upper limit of the load increase rate based on the warm-up parameter (step S10). It should be noted that the warm-up parameter and the candidate for the load increase condition may be input to the clearance simulator to determine the load increase pattern so that the clearance prediction result does not become zero, and this may be used as the operation pattern. On the other hand, when it is determined that the operation pattern is not such that the warm-up operation is performed (step S8; No), the load adjusting device 100 skips steps S9 and S10.
- the operation command unit 130 outputs an operation command (step S11). For example, when executing an operation pattern for performing warm-up operation, the operation command unit 130 first operates so as to perform warm-up operation in a grace period (usually about 1 hour) from the time of a successful bid to the time zone of power demand. Output a command. After that, the upper limit determination unit 120 outputs an operation command for increasing the load of the gas turbine 200 to a load corresponding to the adjusting force below the upper limit of the increase load factor determined.
- the operation command unit 130 outputs an ACC or other operation command when the operation pattern for performing warm-up operation is not executed. If the clearance can be secured even with a normal load increase, the load may be increased with a normal load factor.
- the load adjusting device 100 stores the result information indicating the successful bid record and the operation record in the storage unit 170 (step S12). These accumulated information may be utilized in the next and subsequent bid processing decisions.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and includes a form in which the above-mentioned embodiment is modified and a form in which a plurality of embodiments are appropriately combined.
- the load adjustment method is A step to acquire warm-up parameters indicating the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine (200) during load operation, and The step of determining the upper limit of the load factor according to the warm-up parameter, and A step of increasing the load of the gas turbine (200) below the upper limit of the increase load factor, including.
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is determined according to the warm-up parameter of the gas turbine (200) during load operation, and the load of the turbine is increased below the upper limit of the increase load factor.
- the upper limit of the load factor can be determined so that the risk of turbine damage is reduced. Further, it is possible to perform load adjustment at a load change rate as high as possible (for example, an increase load factor) within a range not exceeding the upper limit.
- the gas turbine (200) operates at a partial load for supplying power to the wholesale power trading market or a power storage device.
- the load is increased from the partial load to the load corresponding to the adjusting force supplied to the electric power trading market.
- the amount of power generation during partial load operation can be effectively utilized. Further, since the increase from the partial load is supplied to the electric power trading market as an adjusting force, the load can be adjusted at a high load change rate.
- the step for acquiring the warm-up parameter and the step for increasing the load are executed.
- the warm-up parameter is acquired and the load is increased only when it is preferable to perform the warm-up operation. Therefore, for example, it is possible to flexibly take into consideration the load factor, efficiency, economy, life consumption, and the like.
- One or more candidates for the operation pattern include the candidate for the operation pattern for performing the warm-up operation and the candidate for the operation pattern using the active clearance control (ACC).
- the warm-up parameter includes any one of a disk cavity temperature, a static metal temperature, a temperature difference between a vehicle interior and a rotor, an axial elongation difference, or a load history of the latest past.
- the degree of warming up of the gas turbine (200) can be detected with high accuracy.
- the temperature distribution is in a steady state according to the magnitude of the load, so the magnitude of the load can be used as a warm-up parameter.
- the magnitude of the load is acquired as a warm-up parameter. In this case, it is advantageous in that acquisition of the temperature measurement value is not essential.
- a step of determining the upper limit of the increase load factor according to the warm-up parameter acquired in the step of acquiring the warm-up parameter is performed.
- the upper limit of the load factor can be quickly determined.
- the upper limit of the load factor is set to be larger than the load factor when the load is applied from the time when the gas turbine (200) is stopped.
- a step of predicting the behavior of the clearance between the stationary part of the gas turbine (200) and the rotary system member at the time of load increase based on the warm-up parameter is included.
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is determined based on the prediction result of the behavior of the clearance so that the clearance does not become zero, and one or more based on the determined upper limit of the increase load factor.
- the product candidate is output.
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is determined based on the prediction result of the clearance behavior, it is possible to further ensure sufficient clearance.
- the bid content can be determined under favorable conditions as the bid content for the demand adjustment market.
- the accumulated information can be used to determine the content of the subsequent bids.
- the successful bid record can be used as the basic information of the probability distribution of the successful bid probability
- the information related to the operation record can be used as the basic information of the life consumption in the profit / loss calculation.
- the load adjusting device (100) is A parameter acquisition unit (110) that acquires warm-up parameters indicating the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine (200) during load operation, and An upper limit determination unit (120) that determines the upper limit of the increase load factor according to the warm-up parameter, An operation command unit (130) configured to output an operation command for increasing the load of the gas turbine (200) below the upper limit of the increase load factor. To prepare for.
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is determined according to the warm-up parameter of the gas turbine (200) during load operation, and the load of the turbine is increased below the upper limit of the increase load factor.
- the upper limit of the load factor can be determined so that the risk of turbine damage is reduced. Further, it is possible to perform load adjustment at a load change rate as high as possible (for example, an increase load factor) within a range not exceeding the upper limit.
- the program pertaining to this disclosure is On the computer Procedure for obtaining warm-up parameters, which indicate the degree of warm-up of the gas turbine during load operation, Procedure for determining the upper limit of the load factor according to the warm-up parameter, A procedure for increasing the load of the gas turbine below the upper limit of the increase load factor, To execute.
- the upper limit of the increase load factor is determined according to the warm-up parameter of the gas turbine (200) during load operation, and the load of the turbine is increased below the upper limit of the increase load factor.
- the upper limit of the load factor can be determined so that the risk of turbine damage is reduced. Further, it is possible to perform load adjustment at a load change rate as high as possible (for example, an increase load factor) within a range not exceeding the upper limit.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年12月4日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2020-201642号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得するステップと、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定するステップと、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させるステップと、
を含む。
負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得する取得部と、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定する決定部と、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させる負荷制御部と、
を備える。
負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得する手順、
前記暖機パラメータに応じてる昇負荷率の上限を決定する手順、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させる手順、
を実行させる。
例えば、「ある方向に」、「ある方向に沿って」、「平行」、「直交」、「中心」、「同心」或いは「同軸」等の相対的或いは絶対的な配置を表す表現は、厳密にそのような配置を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の角度や距離をもって相対的に変位している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、「同一」、「等しい」及び「均質」等の物事が等しい状態であることを表す表現は、厳密に等しい状態を表すのみならず、公差、若しくは、同じ機能が得られる程度の差が存在している状態も表すものとする。
例えば、四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表す表現は、幾何学的に厳密な意味での四角形状や円筒形状等の形状を表すのみならず、同じ効果が得られる範囲で、凹凸部や面取り部等を含む形状も表すものとする。
一方、一の構成要素を「備える」、「具える」、「具備する」、「含む」、又は、「有する」という表現は、他の構成要素の存在を除外する排他的な表現ではない。
一実施形態に係る火力発電システム1の全体構成を説明する。図1は、一実施形態に係る負荷調整装置100を含む火力発電システム1の機能的構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。
図2は、一実施形態に係る負荷調整装置100のハードウェア構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。図2に示すように、負荷調整装置100は、例えば、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)等のプロセッサ72と、RAM(Random Access Memory)74と、ROM(Read Only Memory)76と、HDD(Hard Disk Drive)78と、入力I/F80と、出力I/F82と、を含み、これらがバス84を介して互いに接続されたコンピュータを用いて構成される。負荷調整装置100のプロセッサ72がROM76やRAM74等のメモリに記憶されているプログラムを実行することにより、後述する各種機能を実現する。
以下、一実施形態に係る負荷調整装置100が実行する処理の流れについて説明する。図7は、一実施形態に係る負荷調整装置100が実行する処理の一例を説明するためのフローチャートである。
上記各実施形態に記載の内容は、例えば以下のように把握される。
負荷運転中のガスタービン(200)の暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得するステップと、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定するステップと、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービン(200)の負荷を上昇させるステップと、
を含む。
前記ガスタービン(200)は、卸電力取引市場又は蓄電装置に電力を供給するための部分負荷で運転し、
前記負荷を上昇させるステップでは、前記部分負荷から電力取引市場に供給する調整力に応じた前記負荷まで上昇させる。
昇負荷率を向上させるための運転パターンの一以上の候補を出力するステップと、
前記運転パターンの一以上の候補から実行する運転パターンの候補を選択するステップと、
を含み、
前記運転パターンの一以上の候補のうち暖機運転を行う前記運転パターンの候補が選択された場合に、前記暖機パラメータを取得するステップと前記負荷を上昇させるステップとを実行する。
前記運転パターンの一以上の候補は、前記暖機運転を行う前記運転パターンの候補と、アクティブ・クリアランス・コントロール(ACC)を用いた前記運転パターンの候補と、を含む。
前記暖機パラメータは、ディスクキャビティ温度、静止系メタル温度、車室とロータの温度差、軸伸び差、又は直近過去の負荷履歴のうち何れか一種のパラメータを含む。
直近過去の負荷履歴における負荷変化率が基準値以下である場合、前記負荷履歴の直近過去の負荷の大きさを前記暖機パラメータとして取得する。
前記暖機パラメータと前記昇負荷率の上限の関係性を示す関数を用いて、前記暖機パラメータを取得するステップで取得した前記暖機パラメータに応じた前記昇負荷率の上限を決定するステップを含む。
前記昇負荷率の上限は、前記ガスタービン(200)の停止時からの負荷投入時の昇負荷率よりも大きく設定される。
前記ガスタービン(200)の性能と前記暖機パラメータを含む運転状態とに基づいて、電力取引市場に入札可能な一以上の商品候補を出力するステップを含み、
前記負荷を上昇させるステップでは、落札した前記商品候補の前記調整力に応じた前記負荷まで上昇させる。
前記暖機パラメータに基づいて負荷上昇時の前記ガスタービン(200)の静止部と回転系部材との間のクリアランスの挙動を予測するステップを含み、
前記商品候補を出力するステップでは、前記クリアランスの挙動の予測結果に基づいて前記クリアランスがゼロとならないように前記昇負荷率の上限を決定し、決定した前記昇負荷率の上限に基づいて一以上の前記商品候補を出力する。
前記電力取引市場に入札した場合の前記商品候補の落札確率及び落札時の損益を求めるステップと、
前記落札確率及び前記損益に基づいて、前記電力取引市場に対する入札内容を決定するステップと、
を含む。
前記入札内容に基づくガスタービン(200)の運転実績に関する情報と前記入札内容の落札実績とを蓄積するステップを含む。
負荷運転中のガスタービン(200)の暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得するパラメータ取得部(110)と、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定する上限決定部(120)と、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービン(200)の負荷を上昇させる運転指令を出力するように構成された運転指令部(130)と、
を備える。
コンピュータに、
負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得する手順、
前記暖機パラメータに応じてる昇負荷率の上限を決定する手順、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させる手順、
を実行させる。
11 ケーシング
12 翼環
13 分割環
14 熱環
15 ディスク
16 動翼
72 プロセッサ
74 RAM
76 ROM
78 HDD
80 入力I/F
82 出力I/F
84 バス
100 負荷調整装置
110 パラメータ取得部
120 上限決定部
130 運転指令部
140 パターン出力部
150 入札関連情報取得部
160 受付部
170 記憶部
180 入札処理部
200 ガスタービン
210 制御装置
220 センサ
CL クリアランス
Claims (14)
- 負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得するステップと、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定するステップと、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させるステップと、
を含む負荷調整方法。 - 前記ガスタービンは、卸電力取引市場又は蓄電装置に電力を供給するための部分負荷で運転し、
前記負荷を上昇させるステップでは、前記部分負荷から電力取引市場に供給する調整力に応じた前記負荷まで上昇させる
請求項1に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 昇負荷率を向上させるための運転パターンの一以上の候補を出力するステップと、
前記運転パターンの一以上の候補から実行する運転パターンの候補を選択するステップと、
を含み、
前記運転パターンの一以上の候補のうち暖機運転を行う前記運転パターンの候補が選択された場合に、前記暖機パラメータを取得するステップと前記負荷を上昇させるステップとを実行する
請求項1又は2に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記運転パターンの一以上の候補は、前記暖機運転を行う前記運転パターンの候補と、アクティブ・クリアランス・コントロール(ACC)を用いた前記運転パターンの候補と、を含む
請求項3に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記暖機パラメータは、ディスクキャビティ温度、静止系メタル温度、車室とロータの温度差、軸伸び差、又は直近過去の負荷履歴のうち何れか一種のパラメータを含む
請求項1乃至4の何れか一項に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 直近過去の負荷履歴における負荷変化率が基準値以下である場合、前記負荷履歴の直近過去の負荷の大きさを前記暖機パラメータとして取得する
請求項1乃至5の何れか一項に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記暖機パラメータと前記昇負荷率の上限の関係性を示す関数を用いて、前記暖機パラメータを取得するステップで取得した前記暖機パラメータに応じた前記昇負荷率の上限を決定するステップを含む
請求項1乃至6の何れか一項に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記昇負荷率の上限は、前記ガスタービンの停止時からの負荷投入時の昇負荷率よりも大きく設定される
請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記ガスタービンの性能と前記暖機パラメータを含む運転状態とに基づいて、電力取引市場に入札可能な一以上の商品候補を出力するステップを含み、
前記負荷を上昇させるステップでは、落札した前記商品候補の前記調整力に応じた前記負荷まで上昇させる
請求項1乃至8の何れか一項に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記暖機パラメータに基づいて負荷上昇時の前記ガスタービンの静止部と回転系部材との間のクリアランスの挙動を予測するステップを含み、
前記商品候補を出力するステップでは、前記クリアランスの挙動の予測結果に基づいて前記クリアランスがゼロとならないように前記昇負荷率の上限を決定し、決定した前記昇負荷率の上限に基づいて一以上の前記商品候補を出力する
請求項9に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記電力取引市場に入札した場合の前記商品候補の落札確率及び落札時の損益を求めるステップと、
前記落札確率及び前記損益に基づいて、前記電力取引市場に対する入札内容を決定するステップと、
を含む請求項9又は10に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 前記入札内容に基づくガスタービンの運転実績に関する情報と前記入札内容の落札実績とを蓄積するステップを含む
請求項11に記載の負荷調整方法。 - 負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得するパラメータ取得部と、
前記暖機パラメータに応じて昇負荷率の上限を決定する上限決定部と、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させる運転指令を出力するように構成された運転指令部と、
を備える負荷調整装置。 - コンピュータに、
負荷運転中のガスタービンの暖機の程度を示す暖機パラメータを取得する手順、
前記暖機パラメータに応じてる昇負荷率の上限を決定する手順、
前記昇負荷率の上限以下で前記ガスタービンの負荷を上昇させる手順、
を実行させるプログラム。
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DE112021005182.2T DE112021005182T5 (de) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-12-01 | Lasteinstellungsverfahren, lasteinstellungsvorrichtung und programm |
CN202180080143.6A CN116529471A (zh) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-12-01 | 负载调整方法、负载调整装置及程序 |
US18/038,824 US20240018912A1 (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-12-01 | Load adjustment method, load adjustment device, and program |
KR1020237017630A KR20230092006A (ko) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-12-01 | 부하 조정 방법, 부하 조정 장치, 및 프로그램 |
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Citations (5)
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JPS54130138U (ja) * | 1978-03-01 | 1979-09-10 | ||
JPH01182531A (ja) * | 1988-01-18 | 1989-07-20 | Toshiba Corp | ガスタービン起動制御装置 |
JPH06193471A (ja) * | 1992-12-25 | 1994-07-12 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 再生式ガスタービン装置の制御方法及び制御装置 |
JP2003247427A (ja) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-05 | Ebara Corp | ガスタービン装置 |
JP2016173103A (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-29 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 発電プラント発電ユニットの制御を強化するための方法およびシステム |
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JP6578136B2 (ja) | 2015-05-29 | 2019-09-18 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | コンバインドサイクルプラント、その制御装置及び起動方法 |
JP6919909B2 (ja) | 2019-06-07 | 2021-08-18 | 株式会社エムール | スケジュール提案システム |
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- 2021-12-01 WO PCT/JP2021/044053 patent/WO2022118872A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-12-01 DE DE112021005182.2T patent/DE112021005182T5/de active Pending
- 2021-12-01 CN CN202180080143.6A patent/CN116529471A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-01 KR KR1020237017630A patent/KR20230092006A/ko unknown
- 2021-12-01 US US18/038,824 patent/US20240018912A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS54130138U (ja) * | 1978-03-01 | 1979-09-10 | ||
JPH01182531A (ja) * | 1988-01-18 | 1989-07-20 | Toshiba Corp | ガスタービン起動制御装置 |
JPH06193471A (ja) * | 1992-12-25 | 1994-07-12 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 再生式ガスタービン装置の制御方法及び制御装置 |
JP2003247427A (ja) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-05 | Ebara Corp | ガスタービン装置 |
JP2016173103A (ja) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-29 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 発電プラント発電ユニットの制御を強化するための方法およびシステム |
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US20240018912A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
KR20230092006A (ko) | 2023-06-23 |
CN116529471A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
JP2022089319A (ja) | 2022-06-16 |
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