WO2022112424A1 - Anodenkreislauf - Google Patents
Anodenkreislauf Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022112424A1 WO2022112424A1 PCT/EP2021/083019 EP2021083019W WO2022112424A1 WO 2022112424 A1 WO2022112424 A1 WO 2022112424A1 EP 2021083019 W EP2021083019 W EP 2021083019W WO 2022112424 A1 WO2022112424 A1 WO 2022112424A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- line
- gas
- anode circuit
- flow
- propellant gas
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
- F04F5/466—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to an anode circuit for a fuel cell with several gas jet pumps according to the type defined in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
- the recirculation of anode waste gas in fuel cell systems is well known and customary.
- the anode waste gas is returned to the anode inlet, usually via a water separator, by means of a recirculation line and is mixed with fresh fuel gas and fed back into it so that an excess of hydrogen can always be metered into the active surface of the anode without significant hydrogen losses.
- recirculation fans and, alternatively or additionally, gas jet pumps are known for the recirculation of the anode exhaust gas.
- gas jet pumps typically varies with the metered volume flow, the so-called propellant gas flow.
- the geometry of the gas jet pump is designed to match the respective propellant gas flow in order to obtain ideal recirculation even with different volume flows of metered hydrogen.
- movable nozzle needles are often used, which sit inside a nozzle of the gas jet pump and release different flow cross sections in the nozzle by moving in the direction of flow and against the direction of flow. This is relatively complex and relatively susceptible to freezing due to the moving parts arranged directly in the nozzle.
- KR 2012 0057996 A adopts such a structure with several nozzle bodies in a single gas jet pump and creates a device that optimizes the structure described by means of a rotary valve.
- a rotatable valve body can be pivoted via the rotary valve in such a way that one or more of the nozzles can be used selectively.
- the principle is also known in principle from the field of cooling circuits and is correspondingly previously described in JP 2005-155571 A1.
- the object of the present invention is to further develop an anode circuit according to the preamble of claim 1 such that it can be optimized depending on the situation with an efficient and compact structure with regard to the recirculation efficiency.
- the anode circuit according to the invention for a fuel cell thus comprises at least one gas jet pump for the recirculation of anode waste gas, like the structure described in the prior art mentioned at the outset.
- the fuel gas serves as a propellant gas flow, which flows through the nozzle of the at least one gas jet pump and sucks in anode waste gas from a recirculation line.
- the resulting mixture then flows out of the gas jet pump via a discharge line and typically to the anode chamber of the fuel cell, in particular a stack or stacks of individual cells.
- nozzles with different geometries are arranged in one nozzle body. This can be moved relative to the propellant gas line in such a way that one of the nozzles can be used selectively.
- the individual nozzles in a common nozzle body are brought into the area of the propellant gas line by an actuator, for example by a linear movement or by this be pivoted into the area.
- the suitable nozzle can be selected from the common nozzle body and brought into the use position.
- the nozzle body itself can, for example, be designed in the form of a strip and must then be displaced via a linearly acting actuator transversely to the propellant gas line, which, according to an advantageous development, is ideally aligned with the outflow line. It is particularly efficient and favorable with regard to the required installation space if the nozzle body is designed to be rotatable, specifically with an axis of rotation arranged eccentrically to the propellant gas line.
- the central axes of the individual nozzles are ideally arranged on a constant radius around the axis of rotation of the nozzle body. For example, depending on the diameter of the nozzle body, four to six individual nozzles can be kept available and, if necessary, turned into the propellant gas line of the gas jet pump.
- the nozzle body tapers in the direction of flow of the propellant gas flow, so that the flow resistance for the sucked-in exhaust gas flow is correspondingly reduced and this is guided into the gas jet pump with an ideal flow geometry.
- the recirculation line can open into the gas jet pump in any way.
- the recirculated gas stream and the propellant gas stream can flow into the gas jet pump parallel to one another.
- An anti-parallel orientation with a deflection within the gas jet pump is also conceivable in principle.
- the recirculation line is arranged at an angle to the propellant gas line and/or the outflow line, in particular it is perpendicular to the alignment of these two lines.
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel cell system, shown in principle, in an at least partially electrically driven vehicle
- FIG. 2 shows a gas jet pump according to the invention in a sectional view in a first operating state
- FIG. 3 shows the gas jet pump according to FIG. 2 in a second operating state
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the nozzle body used in the gas jet pump according to FIGS.
- a vehicle for example a passenger vehicle or a commercial vehicle, can be seen schematically indicated, which draws at least part of its electrical drive power from a fuel cell system designated by 2.
- the core of this fuel cell system 2 is formed by a fuel cell 3.
- the fuel cell 3 is designed as a fuel cell stack made up of a large number of individual cells in a manner known per se.
- a common anode compartment 4 and a common cathode compartment 5 are indicated here purely by way of example.
- the fuel cell 3 should be designed as a PEM fuel cell, for example.
- the fuel cell 3 is supplied with hydrogen H2 from a hydrogen store, not shown here, for example a compressed gas storage system.
- the hydrogen reaches the anode chamber 4 of the fuel cell 3 as a propulsion jet via a gas jet pump 6.
- Exhaust gas from the anode chamber 4 returns to the gas jet pump 6 via a recirculation line 7 and is sucked in by the latter and mixed with the fresh hydrogen, fed back to the anode chamber 4.
- This so-called anode circuit 8 is generally known to those skilled in the art of fuel cell systems.
- the anode circuit 8 can also have a water separator and/or a blow-off valve 9 in order to drain water and/or inert gases that accumulate in the anode circuit 8 over time, for example from time to time or depending on the hydrogen concentration, from the anode circuit 8. It could also have a recirculation fan as a supplement to the gas jet pump 6, but this is not shown here, comparable to the water separator. Released gases reach an exhaust air line 11 of the fuel cell system 2 via a line labeled 10.
- Air is supplied to the cathode chamber 5 as an oxygen supplier via an air conveying device 12 and a gas/gas humidifier 13 indicated here by way of example.
- the exhaust air then passes through the gas/gas humidifier 13 into the environment via the already mentioned exhaust air line 11 .
- All of this is well known and common to those skilled in the art of fuel cell systems. He also knows that other components such as charge air coolers, water separators, exhaust air turbines and the like can also be provided. However, all of this plays a subordinate role for the present invention with regard to the anode circuit 8, so that it is not discussed further.
- FIG. 2 now shows the gas jet pump 6 indicated schematically in FIG. 1, which is referred to as a jet pump, in cross section.
- a propellant gas line 14 can be seen and aligned with it, in a venturi tube configuration, is a discharge line 15, through which the mixture of propellant jet flowing in through the propellant gas line 14 and exhaust gas of the anode chamber 4 sucked in via the recirculation line 7 flows back to the anode chamber 4.
- the special feature of the gas jet pump 6 is a nozzle body, designated 16, which can be rotated about an axis of rotation 17, which is different from the central axis of the propellant gas line 14 and the outflow line 15 aligned with it.
- Several individual nozzles 18 are now formed in this nozzle body 16 .
- FIG. 2 there is a nozzle labeled 18 .
- Its geometry is designed in such a way that, at this volume flow, it creates good conditions for sucking in the exhaust gas flow from the recirculation line 7, in particular that a flow velocity above the speed of sound occurs and the suction behavior of the gas jet pump 6 is thereby optimized at this volume flow.
- the same structure of the gas jet pump 6 is shown again in the representation of FIG.
- the nozzle body 16 is rotated accordingly about the axis of rotation 17, so that the nozzle labeled 18.1 is now located outside the area through which the gas flows, and that a nozzle labeled 18.2 for a correspondingly smaller volume flow of the metered hydrogen is aligned between the propellant gas line 14 and the outflow line 15 has been pivoted and is now active within the gas jet pump 6.
- the structure of the nozzle body 16, which tapers in the direction of flow, corresponds approximately to the barrel of a barrel revolver and can be seen in a plan view in the representation of FIG.
- nozzles 18.1-18.4 each designed with the same starting diameter that matches the propellant gas line 14, handle the individual volume flows in the desired manner.
- the structure could be expanded such that, for example, five, six, seven or more individual nozzles 18 are formed in the nozzle body 16, which is designed to be rotationally symmetrical here.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/254,542 US20240014417A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | Anode circuit |
KR1020237020814A KR20230110572A (ko) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | 애노드 회로 |
JP2023528587A JP2023549839A (ja) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | アノード回路 |
EP21820213.3A EP4252291A1 (de) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | Anodenkreislauf |
CN202180077458.5A CN116568934A (zh) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | 阳极回路 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020007228.3A DE102020007228A1 (de) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Anodenkreislauf |
DE102020007228.3 | 2020-11-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022112424A1 true WO2022112424A1 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
Family
ID=78822347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2021/083019 WO2022112424A1 (de) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-25 | Anodenkreislauf |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240014417A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4252291A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2023549839A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230110572A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116568934A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020007228A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022112424A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005155571A (ja) | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-16 | Jfe Engineering Kk | エジェクタおよび冷凍システム |
US20050130008A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2005-06-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Fuel cell system |
KR20120057996A (ko) | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 병렬형 다단 수소 재순환 이젝터 장치 |
KR20150078791A (ko) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 이젝터 및 이의 구동방법 |
JP2020169632A (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-15 | 株式会社デンソー | エジェクタ装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-11-26 DE DE102020007228.3A patent/DE102020007228A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 EP EP21820213.3A patent/EP4252291A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202180077458.5A patent/CN116568934A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-25 WO PCT/EP2021/083019 patent/WO2022112424A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-11-25 JP JP2023528587A patent/JP2023549839A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-25 US US18/254,542 patent/US20240014417A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-25 KR KR1020237020814A patent/KR20230110572A/ko active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050130008A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2005-06-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Fuel cell system |
JP2005155571A (ja) | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-16 | Jfe Engineering Kk | エジェクタおよび冷凍システム |
KR20120057996A (ko) | 2010-11-29 | 2012-06-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 병렬형 다단 수소 재순환 이젝터 장치 |
KR20150078791A (ko) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 이젝터 및 이의 구동방법 |
JP2020169632A (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-15 | 株式会社デンソー | エジェクタ装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2023549839A (ja) | 2023-11-29 |
CN116568934A (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
EP4252291A1 (de) | 2023-10-04 |
DE102020007228A1 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
KR20230110572A (ko) | 2023-07-24 |
US20240014417A1 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
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